精品解析：河南省驻马店市环际大联考 “逐梦计划”2024-2025学年高一上学期12月阶段考试(三)英语试题

环际大联考 “逐梦计划”2024～2025学年度第一学期阶段考试（三） 高一英语试题 （试卷总分：150分 考试时间：120分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man want? A．Money. B．An exchange of his jacket. C．Another product. 2．What is the man going to do? A．Learn to drive. B．Play a soccer game. C．Pick up the ball. 3．What time does Charles have to leave? A．At 10:00 a. m. B．At 10:30 a. m. C．At 10:45 a. m. 4．How does the man feel? A．Impatient. B．Satisfied. C．Excited. 5．What is the main idea of this conversation? A．The secret to a longer life. B．National history. C．Global maps. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Friends. C．Brother and sister. 7．How will the speakers go home? A．By taxi. B．By bus. C．On foot. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．Where is the woman? A．On a train. B．At her home. C．In the office. 9．Why haven’t the speakers talked recently? A．The woman is very busy. B．The man has been on vacation. C．They have a difference in time zone. 10．How will the speakers talk to each other tomorrow? A．Through text messaging. B．Through a video call. C．In person. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a sports field B．In a boxing center. C．At the entrance area of a building. 12．When does this conversation probably take place? A．In the morning. B．Around noon. C．In the late afternoon. 13．What is the man’s favorite sport? A．Tennis. B．Basketball. C．Swimming. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What are the speakers doing? A．Cleaning their bedrooms. B．Selling some of their photos. C．Preparing to move into a new home. 15．What are probably most important for the man? A．Notebooks. B．Electronics. C．Paintings. 16．Where will the speakers go next? A．To the garage. B．To the kitchen. C．To the backyard. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 17．What is the speaker’s main purpose? A．To attract tourists. B．To introduce a stadium. C．To get people to join a race. 18．When should people arrive at Town Hall? A．At 9:30. B．At 9:45. C．At 10:15. 19．What will everybody get for free when they finish? A．A T-shirt. B．A cash prize. C．A pair of running shoes. 20．What does the speaker suggest people bring? A．Some food. B．Some water. C．A hat. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Plant vegetables in my indoor garden Supplies: ●Bottles ●Toilet paper ●Packing foam or dish sponges ●Lettuce seeds (You can try other plants too!) ●Many medium sized plastic bottles with a tapered (锥形的) neck Step 1: Prepare your materials First, cut off the bottom of your largest bottle(s) at around 2.5 inches. Then, cut up your packing foam or dish sponge into cubes about 1 inch by 1 inch. The foam is what your lettuce will set its roots in, kind of like the soil. Step 2: Putting the seeds in bed Add water while pushing the cubes down until they’ re all moist. Sprinkle lettuce seeds across the surface of the foam, and cover them with a single layer of toilet paper. Add more water to the container until the toilet paper is thoroughly wet. Step 3: Toddler alert Place the container in a sunny place for a week or two. If you notice the waterline goes down, add more water. Step 4: Those tween years Now that your babies have started to grow up, they’ll become more picky and need separate rooms, away from the rest of the family. Separate the cubes in the sprouting container from one another and place 1 or 2 in each bottle neck. It’s important that you don’t break too many of the roots, so be gentle with your tugging! Finally, fill the bottom up with as much water as is needed for half of the foam cube to be submerged. Here is where I start using fertilized water, but plain water would work too. Step 5: Then the teenage phase You know how teenagers need a lot of food? So do teenage plants. As they grow super fast, they’ll need a ton of water. Keep your eye on the water level, especially for opaque (不透明的) containers. Be patient, and eventually you’ll be able to have a huge salad! 1. Where will the lettuce set its roots? A. In the water. B. In the soil. C. In the foam. D. In the bottle. 2. What is correct in Step 2 and 3? A. Keep the environment a bit wet. B. Put the container in the shade for a week. C. Add more seeds just in case some don’t come up. D. Cover the seeds with layers of toilet paper in defence of sunburn. 3. What does “tween years” refer to as a human? A. Baby times. B. Little kid, C. Older than teenage years. D. Time between toddler and teenage. B I knew my first day of high school would be challenging. There would be higher expectations and the teachers would be stricter. Would I fit in? Would I make friends? Would I have nice teachers? Would I look like an ugly duckling (丑小鸭) among my classmates? But my mum told me that I was great. Then I was hopeful about the new day. On Friday, one day before the first day of school at La Canada High School, the phone rang, sounding incredibly serious. The principal said that school would be delayed until Tuesday because of the fire in La Canada Flintridge. Disappointed as I was with the fire, strangely, I was also happy because I had several extra days of vacation. On Monday evening, I was preparing for my big day. My red backpack was filled with new notebooks. Then the phone rang. Again, the principal told me to stay at home. I could feel the anxiety growing inside of me. When was school going to start? I just wished that the first day of school would hurry up and come soon. Finally, it was Wednesday, the real first day of school. I walked past the school gate feeling nervous. Everything looked different. The middle school buildings looked so cute. I looked at my schedule. The first period was German. I took a deep breath as I opened the door to my first class. Class started and quickly I was fascinated by the teacher. He was a magician who had a superpower that kept me spellbound (着迷的). The other teachers were also so great. My first day slipped away quickly before could even realize it. In the evening, I recalled what had happened on my first day of high school. All in all, it was really amazing. I enjoyed all my teachers, classmates and classes. I was able to see my friends who I didn’t see all summer. But most importantly, I am now in high school. I am well on my way toward a successful high school career! 4. What removed the author’s anxiety according to paragraph 1? A. Making new friends soon. B. His/Her successful experience. C. His/Her mother’s encouragement. D. Greater expectation of the new life. 5. How did the author feel at the principal’s first announcement? A. Lonely but hopeful. B. Disappointed but happy. C. Depressed and worried. D. Angry and disappointed. 6. What can be inferred about the author’s first day at high school according to the text? A. It went by slowly and made him/her homesick. B. It began with an interesting physics lesson. C. It started as planned despite an unexpected fire. D. It made him/her hopeful about his/her high school life. 7. In what order is the text organized? A. Time. B. Place. C. Character. D. Importance. C For decades, the smart home has been an important part in pop culture, from Disney’s 1999 film “Smart House”, in which an artificially intelligent home takes on the personality of a masterful mother, to the old-fashioned high-tech home of “The Jetsons”. The 1960s cartoon offered a view of domestic life a century later, from a bathroom that brushes your hair and cleans your teeth, to the ever-attentive and overworked Rosie, the robot servant. But all of these innovations could come at a cost: our privacy. And in the current situation, it’s a price consumers may be unwilling to pay. “With the rejections of Big Tech that we’ve seen over the past few years, I think consumers… have a higher level of interest in privacy and ethics (道德原则) now than ever,” said Sarah Housley, an executive at trend forecasting company WGSN. These fears didn’t come from nowhere. Massive leakages (泄露) from major websites have put the data (数据) of hundreds of millions of people in danger in the past few years, and the comprehensive data that smart home technology depends on will include far more than our addresses and credit card numbers. The digital assistant that will be able to identify when you’ll be most focused on a Spanish lesson will have the type of information that could be used to influence and even control you. Housley also says technology meant to “connect people also has the potential” to exacerbate inequalities. She points out racial profiling (种族定性) has appeared on some neighborhood social networking apps like Nextdoor. The app has been criticized for allowing users to report people they see in their neighborhood as “mistrustful” based only on their race. “Technology has already made racism worse, and we must fix this to stop consumers from feeling prejudiced…” Housley said. There are still more questions left for us. Facing more interactive and responsive technology, are we ready for our smart home devices to become truly “smart”? And with everything being watched, can we still have the choice to be unconnected? 8. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By doing a survey. B. By offering some data. C. By explaining a rule. D. By giving some examples. 9. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. Major websites generally have difficulty storing massive data. B. People are concerned about what Big Tech can do with the data. C. The smart home technology acquires much of our personal data. D. The digital assistant can help people learn Spanish more easily. 10. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” mean in paragraph 4? A. To make something worse. B. To make something appear. C. To make something disappear. D. To make something effective. 11. What’s the author’s attitude towards smart home? A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Disappointed. D Over the past decades, experts have done a considerable amount of research to explore different ways to encourage children’s learning. Especially, there has been a common focus on how physical activity, separated from the learning activities, can improve children’s learning. However, there has been less of a focus aimed at the potential of integrating (合并) physical activity into the learning activities. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen conducted the Basketball Mathematics study at five Danish primary and elementary schools. The main purpose of it was to develop a learning activity that integrates basketball and mathematics and examine how it might affect children’s motivation for mathematics. 756 children from 40 different classes participated in the project, where about half of them — once a week for six weeks — had Basketball Mathematics during gym class, while the other half played basketball without mathematics. “During classes with Basketball Mathematics, the children had to collect numbers and perform calculations (计算) associated with various basketball exercises. An example could be counting how many times they could sink a basket from three meters away vs at a one-meter distance, and adding up the numbers. Both the math and basketball elements could be adjusted to suit the children’s levels, as well as being adjusted for whether it was addition, multiplication or some other operations that needed to be practiced,” explains Linn Damsgaard, a leading researcher. The results showed that children’s motivation (动力) for math integrated with basketball was 16% higher compared to classroom math learning. Children also experienced a 14% increase in self-determination compared with classroom teaching. Meanwhile Basketball Mathematics improved their math confidence. “We are planning to do research to examine whether the Basketball Mathematics model can strengthen performance in mathematics. Once we have the final results, we hope that they will inspire school teachers and principals to prioritize (优先处理) more physical activity and movement in such subjects. Eventually, we hope to succeed in putting these tools into school system and teacher education,” says Associate Professor Jacob Wienecke. 12. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1? A. To show the advantage of the study. B. To conduct a review of past research. C. To introduce the backgrounds of the study. D. To highlight the importance of physical activities. 13. What can we learn about the study? A. Kids were divided into 40 groups. B It designed activities to individual needs. C. Kids couldn’t enjoy basketball in the process. D. It required kids to do math after playing basketball. 14. What effect does basketball have on the participants? A. A rise in desire to learn math. B. More confidence in basketball. C. More motivation for exercise. D. A fall in confidence in math. 15. How does Jacob Wienecke expect the study to help educators? A. By making math learning easier. B. By inspiring students’ math confidence. C. By fitting physical activity into teaching. D. By noticing the benefits of physical exercise. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Making art is good for your mind and body. Whether it’s woodworking, sewing or oil painting, the act of creation can reduce stress and anxiety and improve your mood. But is it hard to make art? ___16___ You don’t need to be an artist with a capital “A”. We tend to think that only people who are very skilled at art can call themselves artists. But actually, anyone can be an artist. ___17___ No matter your skill level, you’ll be able to feel all the good things that come with making art. Figure out your mode of creative expression. Start with what you enjoy, but keep an open mind. ___18___ You can do that through numerous activities: finger painting, cooking, knitting (编织), etc. — the sky’s the limit. And don’t feel like you have to stick to one thing. Mix it up — do whatever you’re in the mood for. ___19___ Once you have your art materials, here comes the fun part. Mess around! Let yourself get lost in the process and just play. That brings those feelings of stress relief and positive energy. You don’t even need to complete a project or like what you’re making to feel those health benefits. Sometimes, when we don’t like what we are making, it frees us up to play and explore new ideas, because we have let go of expectations. Think about making art like any healthy habit, such as eating well or exercising. Just as you make time to work, exercise and hang out with family and friends, you should make time for your artistic practice. ___20___ A. Everyone is able to express creatively. B. Making art is good for your mind and body. C. Focus on the making, and let go of expectations. D. And don’t feel like you have to stick to one thing. E. Anything that engages your creative mind is good for you. F. Here are some things you need to know to start your creative art habit. G. While there are no rules for how much time you should devote to it, do it as much as you can. 第三部分： 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was just eighteen when I entered nursing school. As the ___21___ student I was the subject of a great deal of friendly teasing from my classmates, many of whom were single mothers and older women returning to school for a second ___22___. Unfortunately, I became ill one week and ___23___ an essential test on the subject of ___24___ health. This was particularly important to me since I planned to enter the mental-health field once I became a ___25___ nurse. Being a serious student, I immediately scheduled a time to ___26___ and began cramming (突击学习) for this exam. And my classmates ___27___ me as much as possible. It was indeed a(n) ___28___ exam, with more than one hundred questions relating to ___29___ development and the latest trends in mental health. My ____30____ served me well and, in less than forty minutes, I ____31____ the test with flying colors. Anxious to ____32____ my test results with my classmates, I ran to the hospital coffee shop where we students usually spent our free time. The moment I ____33____ the shop, I cried out, “I passed my mental retardation (迟钝) test!” Looking around the shop, I could not find any of my classmates. Instead, a group of maintenance men, with ____34____ looks on their faces, rose to give me great ____35____. 21. A. smartest B. oldest C. funniest D. youngest 22. A. life B. hobby C. career D. family 23. A. missed B. completed C. faced D. passed 24. A. physical B. mental C. environmental D. intelligent 25. A. motivated B. respected C. qualified D. established 26. A. re-call B. re-test C. re-interview D. re-collect 27. A. promised B. persuaded C. encouraged D. congratulated 28. A. automatic B. easy C. conventional D. challenging 29. A. brain B. education C. memory D. profession 30. A. arrangement B. goal C. cramming D. insistence 31. A. stood B. took C. lost D. passed 32. A. exchange B. summarize C. share D. expect 33. A. entered B. saw C. wandered D. left 34. A. severe B. meaningful C. excited D. confused 35. A. criticism B. applause C. help D. encouragement 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Did takeaway exist in ancient China? As early as in the Song Dynasty, “takeout” services were already available. In Zhang Zeduan’s popular painting Qingming Scroll, there is a restaurant boy ___36___ has just come out of the shop with “to-go boxes” in his left hand and tableware (餐具) in his right, still wearing the shop apron and seeming ___37___ (deliver) the food somewhere. That image is believed to be a reflection of the original takeaway boy. In ancient times, there were three ways to order food. The first was servant order. Send a family servant to go to a restaurant and place ___38___ order. When the food was ready, there was someone who ___39___ (particular) delivered the food to the customer’s home, and then got paid. The second was agreed delivery. Sign a long-term agreement with the restaurant. The store, ___40___ every agreed day, would pack the food well and send it to the customer’s home. The last one was door-to-door selling. The sellers from restaurants sold the food door to door, especially in the ___41___ (entertain) places like theaters, ___42___ were crowded with many people. The to-go box, wenpan (warm tray), ___43___ (compose) of two layers of porcelain (瓷). When used, hot water was injected into the inter-layer of the plate ___44___ (keep) the dishes warm. In this way, the dish was still warm ___45___ it arrived at the customer’s home. 第四部分： 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节应用文（满分15分） 46. 假定你是高一新生李华，过不了多久就要因为选科，离开现在的班级和同学，加入新的班级，请你写一封离别信给你的同学和老师，内容包括： 1. 回忆一起时的美好时光； 2. 表达对同学和老师感激之情； 3. 离别祝福。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 适当使用衔接词以使行文连贯； 3. 文章中不得出现真实的姓名、学校等信息。 Dear teachers and classmates ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Confidence creates wonders I would never be described as physically tough. So when a friend asked if my brother and I wanted to take part in the “Obstacle (障碍) Race” organized by our community, an event aimed at testing one’s physical strength in the mental grit (毅力), I responded with an immediate “no”. But that was not to be the end of the talk. My brother, who was always looking for a physical challenge, thought it sounded like a great time. “You can do it, have confidence in yourself”, he encouraged me again and again. So, eventually, I hesitantly agreed and signed up for the race with a promise that we could train together. In the weeks that followed, family and friends heard about our plans to run the obstacle course, the reactions were less than encouraging. So, I decided that when the day of the race arrived, I would just aim to finish it. Even if I came in dead last, I would be happy to simply walk across the finish line. At the start, the training was promising. Unfortunately, life soon stopped our training as our focus shifted from the training to more pressing matters such as studying for exams and putting the final touches to class projects. Nearing the end of April, I flipped (快速翻转) the page in my planner to the next week. There, in big, red letters, were the words “Obstacle Race”. My heart sank into my stomach. I had not trained in weeks. And now I had just one week to prepare for what no one, including myself, thought I was able to. I spent the next five days trying to get my body ready for the approaching challenge. All too soon, the big day arrived, but we found it was cold and rainy. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We reached the first obstacle and I made it through unharmed feeling my first rush of confidence. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 ACBCB 6-10 ABACB 11-15 CCACA 16-20 BCAAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 环际大联考 “逐梦计划”2024～2025学年度第一学期阶段考试（三） 高一英语试题 （试卷总分：150分 考试时间：120分钟） 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1．What does the man want? A．Money. B．An exchange of his jacket. C．Another product. 2．What is the man going to do? A．Learn to drive. B．Play a soccer game. C．Pick up the ball. 3．What time does Charles have to leave? A．At 10:00 a. m. B．At 10:30 a. m. C．At 10:45 a. m. 4．How does the man feel? A．Impatient. B．Satisfied. C．Excited. 5．What is the main idea of this conversation? A．The secret to a longer life. B．National history. C．Global maps. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6．What’s the relationship between the speakers? A．Husband and wife. B．Friends. C．Brother and sister. 7．How will the speakers go home? A．By taxi. B．By bus. C．On foot. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8．Where is the woman? A．On a train. B．At her home. C．In the office. 9．Why haven’t the speakers talked recently? A．The woman is very busy. B．The man has been on vacation. C．They have a difference in time zone. 10．How will the speakers talk to each other tomorrow? A．Through text messaging. B．Through a video call. C．In person. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11．Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a sports field. B．In a boxing center. C．At the entrance area of a building. 12．When does this conversation probably take place? A．In the morning. B．Around noon. C．In the late afternoon. 13．What is the man’s favorite sport? A．Tennis. B．Basketball. C．Swimming. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14．What are the speakers doing? A．Cleaning their bedrooms. B．Selling some of their photos. C．Preparing to move into a new home. 15．What are probably most important for the man? A．Notebooks. B．Electronics. C．Paintings. 16．Where will the speakers go next? A．To the garage. B．To the kitchen. C．To the backyard. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 17．What is the speaker’s main purpose? A．To attract tourists. B．To introduce a stadium. C．To get people to join a race. 18．When should people arrive at Town Hall? A．At 9:30. B．At 9:45. C．At 10:15. 19．What will everybody get for free when they finish? A．A T-shirt. B．A cash prize. C．A pair of running shoes. 20．What does the speaker suggest people bring? A．Some food. B．Some water. C．A hat. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Plant vegetables in my indoor garden Supplies: ●Bottles ●Toilet paper ●Packing foam or dish sponges ●Lettuce seeds (You can try other plants too!) ●Many medium sized plastic bottles with a tapered (锥形的) neck Step 1: Prepare your materials First, cut off the bottom of your largest bottle(s) at around 2.5 inches. Then, cut up your packing foam or dish sponge into cubes about 1 inch by 1 inch. The foam is what your lettuce will set its roots in, kind of like the soil. Step 2: Putting the seeds in bed Add water while pushing the cubes down until they’ re all moist. Sprinkle lettuce seeds across the surface of the foam, and cover them with a single layer of toilet paper. Add more water to the container until the toilet paper is thoroughly wet. Step 3: Toddler alert Place the container in a sunny place for a week or two. If you notice the waterline goes down, add more water. Step 4: Those tween years Now that your babies have started to grow up, they’ll become more picky and need separate rooms, away from the rest of the family. Separate the cubes in the sprouting container from one another and place 1 or 2 in each bottle neck. It’s important that you don’t break too many of the roots, so be gentle with your tugging! Finally, fill the bottom up with as much water as is needed for half of the foam cube to be submerged. Here is where I start using fertilized water, but plain water would work too. Step 5: Then the teenage phase You know how teenagers need a lot of food? So do teenage plants. As they grow super fast, they’ll need a ton of water. Keep your eye on the water level, especially for opaque (不透明的) containers. Be patient, and eventually you’ll be able to have a huge salad! 1. Where will the lettuce set its roots? A. In the water. B. In the soil. C. In the foam. D. In the bottle. 2. What is correct in Step 2 and 3? A. Keep the environment a bit wet. B. Put the container in the shade for a week. C. Add more seeds just in case some don’t come up. D. Cover the seeds with layers of toilet paper in defence of sunburn. 3. What does “tween years” refer to as a human? A. Baby times. B. Little kid, C. Older than teenage years. D. Time between toddler and teenage. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在室内种植蔬菜需要材料和步骤。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Step 1: Prepare your materials”部分的句子“The foam is what your lettuce will set its roots in, kind of like the soil.(泡沫是生菜扎根的地方，有点像土壤)”可知，生菜的根扎在泡沫里。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Step 2: Putting the seeds in bed”部分的句子“Add water while pushing the cubes down until they’ re all moist. Sprinkle lettuce seeds across the surface of the foam, and cover them with a single layer of toilet paper. Add more water to the container until the toilet paper is thoroughly wet.(加水，同时将立方体向下推，直到它们都湿润。在泡沫表面撒上生菜籽，并用一层卫生纸覆盖。向容器中加水，直到卫生纸完全湿润)”和“Step 3: Toddler alert”部分的句子“Place the container in a sunny place for a week or two. If you notice the waterline goes down, add more water.(将容器放在阳光充足的地方一两个星期。如果你注意到水线在下降，就加更多的水)”可知，正确做法是让生菜的生长环境保持潮湿。故选A项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Step 4: Those tween years”部分的句子“Now that your babies have started to grow up, they’ll become more picky and need separate rooms, away from the rest of the family. Separate the cubes in the sprouting container from one another and place 1 or 2 in each bottle neck.(现在你的宝宝已经开始长大了，它们会变得更挑剔，需要单独的房间，远离家里的其他人。将发芽容器中的立方体彼此分开，在每个瓶颈中放置1或2个)”可知，这个时期是幼苗开始长大，需要将它们分开种植。再结合下一步提到的“Then the teenage phase (然后是青少年阶段)”可知，tween years这个时期类似于人的幼儿到青少年之间的时间。故选D项。 B I knew my first day of high school would be challenging. There would be higher expectations and the teachers would be stricter. Would I fit in? Would I make friends? Would I have nice teachers? Would I look like an ugly duckling (丑小鸭) among my classmates? But my mum told me that I was great. Then I was hopeful about the new day. On Friday, one day before the first day of school at La Canada High School, the phone rang, sounding incredibly serious. The principal said that school would be delayed until Tuesday because of the fire in La Canada Flintridge. Disappointed as I was with the fire, strangely, I was also happy because I had several extra days of vacation. On Monday evening, I was preparing for my big day. My red backpack was filled with new notebooks. Then the phone rang. Again, the principal told me to stay at home. I could feel the anxiety growing inside of me. When was school going to start? I just wished that the first day of school would hurry up and come soon. Finally, it was Wednesday, the real first day of school. I walked past the school gate feeling nervous. Everything looked different. The middle school buildings looked so cute. I looked at my schedule. The first period was German. I took a deep breath as I opened the door to my first class. Class started and quickly I was fascinated by the teacher. He was a magician who had a superpower that kept me spellbound (着迷的). The other teachers were also so great. My first day slipped away quickly before could even realize it. In the evening, I recalled what had happened on my first day of high school. All in all, it was really amazing. I enjoyed all my teachers, classmates and classes. I was able to see my friends who I didn’t see all summer. But most importantly, I am now in high school. I am well on my way toward a successful high school career! 4. What removed the author’s anxiety according to paragraph 1? A. Making new friends soon. B. His/Her successful experience. C. His/Her mother’s encouragement. D. Greater expectation of the new life. 5. How did the author feel at the principal’s first announcement? A. Lonely but hopeful. B. Disappointed but happy. C. Depressed and worried. D. Angry and disappointed. 6. What can be inferred about the author’s first day at high school according to the text? A. It went by slowly and made him/her homesick. B. It began with an interesting physics lesson. C. It started as planned despite an unexpected fire. D. It made him/her hopeful about his/her high school life. 7. In what order is the text organized? A. Time. B. Place. C. Character. D. Importance. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在高中开学前后的经历，从最初的焦虑到最终对新学校生活的积极体验，表达了作者对高中生活的期待和信心。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“But my mum told me that I was great. Then I was hopeful about the new day. (但是我妈妈告诉我我很棒。然后我对新的一天充满了希望。)”可知，母亲的鼓励消除了作者的焦虑。故选C项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“The principal said that school would be delayed until Tuesday because of the fire in La Canada Flintridge. Disappointed as I was with the fire, strangely, I was also happy because I had several extra days of vacation. (校长表示，由于La Canada Flintridge的火灾，学校将推迟到周二开学。虽然我对火灾感到失望，但奇怪的是，我也很高兴，因为我有了几天额外的假期。)”可知，对于校长的第一次通知，作者感到失望但又高兴。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“All in all, it was really amazing. I enjoyed all my teachers, classmates and classes. I was able to see my friends who I didn’t see all summer. But most importantly, I am now in high school. I am well on my way toward a successful high school career! (总而言之，真是太棒了。我喜欢我所有的老师、同学和课程。我可以见到我整个夏天都没见过的朋友。但最重要的是，我现在是在高中。我正在迈向成功的高中生涯。)”可知，作者觉得高中第一天的经历很棒，很高兴自己迈向高中生涯。由此可知，这让作者对自己的高中生活充满希望。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第二段中“On Friday, one day before the first day of school at La Canada High School (周五，也就是La Canada高中开学的前一天)”、第三段中“On Monday evening (星期一晚上)”、第四段中“Finally, it was Wednesday (终于到了星期三)”和最后一段中“In the evening (到了晚上)”可知，文章遵循时间顺序结构，从作者最初对开启高中生活的焦虑开始，然后详细说明由于火灾开学一再推迟，最后是作者开学第一天的经历。故选A项。 C For decades, the smart home has been an important part in pop culture, from Disney’s 1999 film “Smart House”, in which an artificially intelligent home takes on the personality of a masterful mother, to the old-fashioned high-tech home of “The Jetsons”. The 1960s cartoon offered a view of domestic life a century later, from a bathroom that brushes your hair and cleans your teeth, to the ever-attentive and overworked Rosie, the robot servant. But all of these innovations could come at a cost: our privacy. And in the current situation, it’s a price consumers may be unwilling to pay. “With the rejections of Big Tech that we’ve seen over the past few years, I think consumers… have a higher level of interest in privacy and ethics (道德原则) now than ever,” said Sarah Housley, an executive at trend forecasting company WGSN. These fears didn’t come from nowhere. Massive leakages (泄露) from major websites have put the data (数据) of hundreds of millions of people in danger in the past few years, and the comprehensive data that smart home technology depends on will include far more than our addresses and credit card numbers. The digital assistant that will be able to identify when you’ll be most focused on a Spanish lesson will have the type of information that could be used to influence and even control you. Housley also says technology meant to “connect people also has the potential” to exacerbate inequalities. She points out racial profiling (种族定性) has appeared on some neighborhood social networking apps like Nextdoor. The app has been criticized for allowing users to report people they see in their neighborhood as “mistrustful” based only on their race. “Technology has already made racism worse, and we must fix this to stop consumers from feeling prejudiced…” Housley said. There are still more questions left for us. Facing more interactive and responsive technology, are we ready for our smart home devices to become truly “smart”? And with everything being watched, can we still have the choice to be unconnected? 8. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By doing a survey. B. By offering some data. C. By explaining a rule. D. By giving some examples. 9. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. Major websites generally have difficulty storing massive data. B. People are concerned about what Big Tech can do with the data. C. The smart home technology acquires much of our personal data. D. The digital assistant can help people learn Spanish more easily. 10. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” mean in paragraph 4? A. To make something worse. B. To make something appear. C. To make something disappear. D. To make something effective. 11. What’s the author’s attitude towards smart home? A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Disappointed. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了智能家居技术潜在的隐私和伦理问题，指出消费者对隐私的关注日益增加，同时提出了智能家居技术可能加剧社会不平等的担忧。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“For decades, the smart home has been an important part in pop culture, from Disney’s 1999 film “Smart House”, in which an artificially intelligent home takes on the personality of a masterful mother, to the old-fashioned high-tech home of “The Jetsons”. The 1960s cartoon offered a view of domestic life a century later, from a bathroom that brushes your hair and cleans your teeth, to the ever-attentive and overworked Rosie, the robot servant. (几十年来，智能家居一直是流行文化的重要组成部分，从迪斯尼1999年的电影《智能之家》到《杰森一家》中老式的高科技家居。在《智能之家》中，人工智能家居扮演了一位专横的母亲的角色。这部20世纪60年代的卡通片展现了一个世纪后的家庭生活，从为你梳头刷牙的浴室，到时刻关注你、工作过度的机器人仆人Rosie。)”可推知，作者通过提供流行文化中的例子来介绍这个话题。故选D项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“and the comprehensive data that smart home technology depends on will include far more than our addresses and credit card numbers. The digital assistant that will be able to identify when you’ll be most focused on a Spanish lesson will have the type of information that could be used to influence and even control you. (智能家居技术所依赖综合数据将远远超过我们的地址和信用卡号码。数字助理能够识别出你什么时候最专注于西班牙语课，它的信息类型可以用来影响甚至控制你。)”可知，智能家居技术会获取我们大量的个人数据。故选C项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“She points out racial profiling (种族定性) has appeared on some neighborhood social networking apps like Nextdoor. The app has been criticized for allowing users to report people they see in their neighborhood as “mistrustful” based only on their race. (她指出，种族定性已经出现在一些社区社交网络应用程序上，比如Nextdoor。该应用程序因允许用户仅根据种族就举报他们在社区中认为“不信任”的人而受到批评。)”可知，一些应用程序上出现了种族定性，仅根据种族就给别人的行为或品质定性，由此可知，技术加剧了现有的不平等，画线词意思应该是“使恶化，使加剧”。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“There are still more questions left for us. Facing more interactive and responsive technology, are we ready for our smart home devices to become truly “smart”? And with everything being watched, can we still have the choice to be unconnected? (还有更多的问题留给我们。面对更具互动性和响应性的技术，我们是否准备好让我们的智能家居设备变得真正“智能”？在一切都被监视的情况下，我们还能选择不与外界联系吗。)”可知，作者对智能家居技术的潜在缺点提出了几个担忧，包括隐私问题和伦理问题，且在结尾提出了更令人深思的问题。这表明作者对智能家居持怀疑态度。故选B项。 D Over the past decades, experts have done a considerable amount of research to explore different ways to encourage children’s learning. Especially, there has been a common focus on how physical activity, separated from the learning activities, can improve children’s learning. However, there has been less of a focus aimed at the potential of integrating (合并) physical activity into the learning activities. Researchers from the University of Copenhagen conducted the Basketball Mathematics study at five Danish primary and elementary schools. The main purpose of it was to develop a learning activity that integrates basketball and mathematics and examine how it might affect children’s motivation for mathematics. 756 children from 40 different classes participated in the project, where about half of them — once a week for six weeks — had Basketball Mathematics during gym class, while the other half played basketball without mathematics. “During classes with Basketball Mathematics, the children had to collect numbers and perform calculations (计算) associated with various basketball exercises. An example could be counting how many times they could sink a basket from three meters away vs at a one-meter distance, and adding up the numbers. Both the math and basketball elements could be adjusted to suit the children’s levels, as well as being adjusted for whether it was addition, multiplication or some other operations that needed to be practiced,” explains Linn Damsgaard, a leading researcher. The results showed that children’s motivation (动力) for math integrated with basketball was 16% higher compared to classroom math learning. Children also experienced a 14% increase in self-determination compared with classroom teaching. Meanwhile Basketball Mathematics improved their math confidence. “We are planning to do research to examine whether the Basketball Mathematics model can strengthen performance in mathematics. Once we have the final results, we hope that they will inspire school teachers and principals to prioritize (优先处理) more physical activity and movement in such subjects. Eventually, we hope to succeed in putting these tools into school system and teacher education,” says Associate Professor Jacob Wienecke. 12. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1? A. To show the advantage of the study. B. To conduct a review of past research. C. To introduce the backgrounds of the study. D. To highlight the importance of physical activities. 13. What can we learn about the study? A. Kids were divided into 40 groups. B. It designed activities to individual needs. C. Kids couldn’t enjoy basketball in the process. D. It required kids to do math after playing basketball. 14. What effect does basketball have on the participants? A. A rise in desire to learn math. B. More confidence in basketball. C. More motivation for exercise. D. A fall in confidence in math. 15. How does Jacob Wienecke expect the study to help educators? A. By making math learning easier. B. By inspiring students’ math confidence. C. By fitting physical activity into teaching. D. By noticing the benefits of physical exercise. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了研究人员在丹麦的五所小学进行的篮球数学研究。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。本文主要介绍的是研究人员在丹麦的五所小学进行的篮球数学研究。其主要目的是开发一种结合篮球和数学的学习活动，并研究它如何影响儿童的数学动机。结合第一段“Over the past decades, experts have done a considerable amount of research to explore different ways to encourage children’s learning. Especially, there has been a common focus on how physical activity, separated from the learning activities, can improve children’s learning. However, there has been less of a focus aimed at the potential of integrating (合并) physical activity into the learning activities.(在过去的几十年里，专家们做了大量的研究来探索鼓励孩子学习的不同方法。特别是，从学习活动中分离出来的体育活动如何提高孩子的学习能力，已经成为人们共同关注的焦点。然而，很少关注将身体活动融入学习活动的潜力。)”可知，第一段的目的是介绍本研究的背景。故选C项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Both the math and basketball elements could be adjusted to suit the children’s levels, as well as being adjusted for whether it was addition, multiplication or some other operations that needed to be practiced, (数学和篮球元素都可以根据孩子的水平进行调整，也可以根据是否是加法、乘法或其他需要练习的运算进行调整)”可知，可以根据不同要素进行调整，由此可知，这项研究是根据个人需要设计活动的。故选B项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“The results showed that children’s motivation (动力) for math integrated with basketball was 16% higher compared to classroom math learning.(结果显示，与单纯的数学学习相比，儿童对篮球结合数学学习的动力提高了16%)”可知，篮球使参与者学习数学的动力提高了。故选A项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““We are planning to do research to examine whether the Basketball Mathematics model can strengthen performance in mathematics. Once we have the final results, we hope that they will inspire school teachers and principals to prioritize (优先处理) more physical activity and movement in such subjects. Eventually, we hope to succeed in putting these tools into school system and teacher education,” says Associate Professor Jacob Wienecke.(“我们计划进行研究，以验证篮球数学模型是否可以加强数学成绩。一旦我们有了最终的结果，我们希望它们能激励学校的老师和校长在这些科目中优先考虑更多的身体活动和运动。最终，我们希望将这些工具成功地应用到学校系统和教师教育中，”Jacob Wienecke副教授说)”可知，Jacob Wienecke希望能激励学校的老师和校长在这些科目中优先考虑更多的身体活动和运动，即Jacob Wienecke希望通过将体育活动融入教学来帮助教育者。故选C项。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Making art is good for your mind and body. Whether it’s woodworking, sewing or oil painting, the act of creation can reduce stress and anxiety and improve your mood. But is it hard to make art? ___16___ You don’t need to be an artist with a capital “A”. We tend to think that only people who are very skilled at art can call themselves artists. But actually, anyone can be an artist. ___17___ No matter your skill level, you’ll be able to feel all the good things that come with making art. Figure out your mode of creative expression. Start with what you enjoy, but keep an open mind. ___18___ You can do that through numerous activities: finger painting, cooking, knitting (编织), etc. — the sky’s the limit. And don’t feel like you have to stick to one thing. Mix it up — do whatever you’re in the mood for. ___19___ Once you have your art materials, here comes the fun part. Mess around! Let yourself get lost in the process and just play. That brings those feelings of stress relief and positive energy. You don’t even need to complete a project or like what you’re making to feel those health benefits. Sometimes, when we don’t like what we are making, it frees us up to play and explore new ideas, because we have let go of expectations. Think about making art like any healthy habit, such as eating well or exercising. Just as you make time to work, exercise and hang out with family and friends, you should make time for your artistic practice. ___20___ A. Everyone is able to express creatively. B. Making art is good for your mind and body. C. Focus on the making, and let go of expectations. D. And don’t feel like you have to stick to one thing. E. Anything that engages your creative mind is good for you. F. Here are some things you need to know to start your creative art habit. G. While there are no rules for how much time you should devote to it, do it as much as you can. 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章指出艺术创作对我们的身心有好处，介绍了开始创造艺术前需要了解的一些事情。 【16题详解】 前文“Making art is good for your mind and body. Whether it’s woodworking, sewing or oil painting, the act of creation can reduce stress and anxiety and improve your mood. But is it hard to make art? (艺术创作对你的身心都有好处。无论是木工、缝纫还是油画，创造的行为都可以减轻压力和焦虑，改善你的情绪。但是创作艺术很难吗)”提到艺术创作对身心的好处，引出创作艺术困难与否的问题，后文的段落给出了创作艺术的具体建议，空处应该起到过渡作用，指出需要了解一些事情，因此F项“Here are some things you need to know to start your creative art habit. (开始你的创造性艺术习惯，这里有一些你需要知道的事情)”符合语境，引出后文的具体建议。故选F。 【17题详解】 前文“We tend to think that only people who are very skilled at art can call themselves artists. But actually, anyone can be an artist. (我们倾向于认为只有那些非常擅长艺术的人才能称自己为艺术家。但实际上，任何人都可以成为艺术家)”指出并非只有非常擅长艺术的人才是艺术家，每个人都有成为艺术家的可能，后文“No matter your skill level, you’ll be able to feel all the good things that come with making art. (无论你的技能水平如何，你都能够感受到艺术创作带来的所有美好事物)”指出艺术创作带来的美好与技能水平无关，空处应该是进一步指出每个人都可以进行艺术创作，因此A项“Everyone is able to express creatively. (每个人都能创造性地表达)”符合语境，承前启后。故选A。 【18题详解】 前文“Start with what you enjoy, but keep an open mind. (从你喜欢的开始，但要保持开放的心态)”提醒在尝试喜欢的类别时保持开放的心态，后文“You can do that through numerous activities: finger painting, cooking, knitting (编织), etc. — the sky’s the limit. (你可以通过很多活动来做到这一点：手指画、烹饪、编织等等——没有极限)”指出不要设限，尝试多种活动，空处可能会解释保持开放的心态的原因，因此E项“Anything that engages your creative mind is good for you. (任何能调动你创造性思维的事情都对你有好处)”符合语境，承前启后，其中的Anything和前文的an open mind呼应。故选E。 【19题详解】 后文“Mess around! Let yourself get lost in the process and just play. That brings those feelings of stress relief and positive energy. You don’t even need to complete a project or like what you’re making to feel those health benefits. Sometimes, when we don’t like what we are making, it frees us up to play and explore new ideas, because we have let go of expectations. (瞎胡闹！让自己沉浸在这个过程中，尽情玩耍。这会带来缓解压力和正能量的感觉。你甚至不需要完成一个项目，也不需要喜欢你正在做的事情，就能感受到这些健康益处。有时候，当我们不喜欢我们正在做的东西时，它会让我们自由地去玩和探索新的想法，因为我们已经放弃了期望)”主要建议尽情沉浸在其中，不必期望产生一定的成果，空处是段落标题，应该是总的建议要专注，舍弃期望，因此C项“Focus on the making, and let go of expectations. (专注于创造，放弃期望)”符合语境，契合后文内容，其中的expectations在后文有同词复现。故选C。 【20题详解】 前文“Just as you make time to work, exercise and hang out with family and friends, you should make time for your artistic practice. (就像你有时间工作、锻炼、和家人朋友出去玩一样，你也应该为你的艺术实践腾出时间)”建议要花一定时间在艺术实践上，空处作为段末句，应该会进一步指出如何安排时间，因此G项“While there are no rules for how much time you should devote to it, do it as much as you can. (虽然没有规定你应该投入多少时间，但尽可能多地去做)”符合语境，承接前文。故选G。 第三部分： 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 I was just eighteen when I entered nursing school. As the ___21___ student, I was the subject of a great deal of friendly teasing from my classmates, many of whom were single mothers and older women returning to school for a second ___22___. Unfortunately, I became ill one week and ___23___ an essential test on the subject of ___24___ health. This was particularly important to me since I planned to enter the mental-health field once I became a ___25___ nurse. Being a serious student, I immediately scheduled a time to ___26___ and began cramming (突击学习) for this exam. And my classmates ___27___ me as much as possible. It was indeed a(n) ___28___ exam, with more than one hundred questions relating to ___29___ development and the latest trends in mental health. My ____30____ served me well and, in less than forty minutes, I ____31____ the test with flying colors. Anxious to ____32____ my test results with my classmates, I ran to the hospital coffee shop where we students usually spent our free time. The moment I ____33____ the shop, I cried out, “I passed my mental retardation (迟钝) test!” Looking around the shop, I could not find any of my classmates. Instead, a group of maintenance men, with ____34____ looks on their faces, rose to give me great ____35____. 21. A. smartest B. oldest C. funniest D. youngest 22. A. life B. hobby C. career D. family 23. A. missed B. completed C. faced D. passed 24. A. physical B. mental C. environmental D. intelligent 25. A. motivated B. respected C. qualified D. established 26. A. re-call B. re-test C. re-interview D. re-collect 27. A. promised B. persuaded C. encouraged D. congratulated 28. A. automatic B. easy C. conventional D. challenging 29. A. brain B. education C. memory D. profession 30. A. arrangement B. goal C. cramming D. insistence 31. A. stood B. took C. lost D. passed 32. A. exchange B. summarize C. share D. expect 33. A. entered B. saw C. wandered D. left 34. A. severe B. meaningful C. excited D. confused 35. A. criticism B. applause C. help D. encouragement 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在护理学校上学时，因病错过重要的精神健康考试，准备通过突击学习再次考试，年长的同学们也鼓励作者。成功通过考试后，作者跑去常光顾的咖啡店分享这一好消息，但店里却一个同学都没有，在场的维修工人很困惑，但给予了作者热烈的掌声。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为最年轻的学生，我经常受到同学们友好的嘲笑，其中许多人是返校谋求第二事业的单身母亲和年长妇女。A. smartest最聪明的；B. oldest最老的；C. funniest最有趣的；D. youngest最年轻的。根据上文“I was just eighteen when I entered nursing school.”可知，作者强调了进入护理学校时自己年龄很小，因此是作为最年轻的学生。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为最年轻的学生，我经常受到同学们友好的嘲笑，其中许多人是返校谋求第二事业的单身母亲和年长妇女。A. life生活；B. hobby爱好；C. career事业；D. family家庭。根据上文“single mothers and older women returning to school”可推知，单身母亲和年长妇女这样略微弱势的群体，重返学校应该是为了掌握新技能，谋求第二事业。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，有一周我病了，错过了精神健康方面的一项重要测试。A. missed错过；B. completed完成；C. faced面对；D. passed通过。根据上文“I became ill one week”可知，有一周作者病了，因此是错过了这个测试。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，有一周我病了，错过了精神健康方面的一项重要测试。A. physical身体的；B. mental精神的；C. environmental环境的；D. intelligent智能的。根据下文“This was particularly important to me since I planned to enter the mental-health field”可知，作者未来准备进入精神健康领域，因此这个重要测试是精神健康方面的。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说尤其重要，因为我计划一旦成为一名合格的护士就进入精神健康领域。A. motivated有积极性的；B. respected受尊敬的；C. qualified合格的；D. established确立已久的。根据上文“This was particularly important to me since I planned to enter the mental-health field once”可知，作者未来准备进入精神健康领域，这一计划应该是基于她成为合格的护士。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个认真的学生，我立即安排了一个时间重新考试，并开始为这次考试突击学习。A. re-call重新召集；B. re-test重新测试；C. re-interview再次面试；D. re-collect重新收集。根据下文“began cramming (突击学习) for this exam”可知，作者开始为这次考试突击学习，因此是立即安排了一个时间重新考试。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的同学也尽可能地鼓励我。A. promised承诺；B. persuaded劝说；C. encouraged鼓励；D. congratulated祝贺。根据上文“Being a serious student, I immediately scheduled a time to ___6___ and began cramming (突击学习) for this exam.”可知，认真的作者在为考试突击学习，因此同学们应该是尽可能地鼓励她。故选C。 28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这确实是一次具有挑战性的考试，有一百多个与大脑发育及精神健康的最新趋势有关的问题。A. automatic自动的；B. easy容易的；C. conventional传统的；D. challenging有挑战性的。根据下文“with more than one hundred questions relating to ___9___ development and the latest trends in mental health”可知，考试的题量很大，与精神健康的最新趋势有关，因此应该是具有挑战性的。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这确实是一次具有挑战性的考试，有一百多个与大脑发育及精神健康的最新趋势有关的问题。A. brain大脑；B. education教育；C. memory记忆；D. profession职业。根据下文“the latest trends in mental health”可知，考试问题与精神健康的最新趋势有关，因此考试关联内容应该是大脑发育。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：突击学习帮了我大忙，不到四十分钟，我就出色地通过了考试。A. arrangement安排；B. goal目标；C. cramming突击学习；D. insistence坚持。根据上文“began cramming (突击学习) for this exam”可知，作者开始为这次考试突击学习，因此是突击学习帮了作者大忙。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：突击学习帮了我大忙，不到四十分钟，我就出色地通过了考试。A. stood站立；B. took拿走；C. lost丢失；D. passed通过。根据下文“I passed my mental retardation (迟钝) test!”可知，作者出色地通过了考试。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我迫不及待地想和同学们分享我的测试结果，于是我跑到医院的咖啡店，我们这些学生通常在那里度过空闲时间。A. exchange交换；B. summarize总结；C. share分享；D. expect期望。根据下文“I cried out, “I passed my mental retardation (迟钝) test!””可知，作者在店里大喊“我通过了精神发育迟缓测试”，因此是想和同学们分享测试结果。故选C。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一走进商店，就喊道：“我通过了精神发育迟缓测试！”A. entered进入；B. saw看见；C. wandered徘徊；D. left离开。根据上文“Anxious to ___12___ my test results with my classmates”可知，作者当时的心情是迫切的，因此是一走进商店，就宣布这个好消息。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，一群维修工满脸困惑地站起来给我热烈的掌声。A. severe严重的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. excited兴奋的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“Looking around the shop, I could not find any of my classmates.”可知，作者在咖啡店里没有看见自己的同学，这些维修工和作者是陌生人，因此听到作者分享的消息后应该是带着困惑的表情。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，一群维修工满脸困惑地站起来给我热烈的掌声。A. criticism批评；B. applause掌声；C. help帮助；D. encouragement鼓励。根据上文“I cried out, “I passed my mental retardation (迟钝) test!””可知，作者很激动地分享自己通过考试的好消息，维修工虽不解，但应该是很友好地站起来给作者热烈的掌声，表示祝贺。故选B。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词 或括号内单词的正确形式。 Did takeaway exist in ancient China? As early as in the Song Dynasty, “takeout” services were already available. In Zhang Zeduan’s popular painting Qingming Scroll, there is a restaurant boy ___36___ has just come out of the shop with “to-go boxes” in his left hand and tableware (餐具) in his right, still wearing the shop apron and seeming ___37___ (deliver) the food somewhere. That image is believed to be a reflection of the original takeaway boy. In ancient times, there were three ways to order food. The first was servant order. Send a family servant to go to a restaurant and place ___38___ order. When the food was ready, there was someone who ___39___ (particular) delivered the food to the customer’s home, and then got paid. The second was agreed delivery. Sign a long-term agreement with the restaurant. The store, ___40___ every agreed day, would pack the food well and send it to the customer’s home. The last one was door-to-door selling. The sellers from restaurants sold the food door to door, especially in the ___41___ (entertain) places like theaters, ___42___ were crowded with many people. The to-go box, wenpan (warm tray), ___43___ (compose) of two layers of porcelain (瓷). When used, hot water was injected into the inter-layer of the plate ___44___ (keep) the dishes warm. In this way, the dish was still warm ___45___ it arrived at the customer’s home. 【答案】36. who## that 37. to deliver 38. an 39. particularly 40. on 41. entertainment 42. which 43. was composed 44 to keep 45. when 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国古代的“外卖”。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在张择端颇受欢迎的画作《清明上河图》中，有这样一个餐馆小男孩，他左手拿着“外卖盒”，右手拿着餐具，刚从店里出来，还系着店里的围裙，好像要把食物送到什么地方。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词boy进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词who或that代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填who/that。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在张择端颇受欢迎的画作《清明上河图》中，有这样一个餐馆小男孩，他左手拿着“外卖盒”，右手拿着餐具，刚从店里出来，还系着店里的围裙，好像要把食物送到什么地方。seem to do“似乎做某事”，是固定搭配。故填to deliver。 【38题详解】 考查冠词。句意：派一个家仆去餐馆点餐。place an order“订购；下单”，是固定搭配，order是元音音素开头的单词，前边应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：当食物做好后，会有人专门把食物送到顾客家里，然后得到报酬。空格处作状语，修饰动词delivered，应该用副词particularly。故填particularly。 【40题详解】 考查介词。句意：在每一个约定的日子里，商店都会把食物包装好，送到顾客的家里。根据下文的every agreed day可知，此处表示具体到某一天，应该用介词on。故填on。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：餐馆的小贩们挨家挨户地卖食物，特别是在像剧院这样的娱乐场所，那里挤满了人。根据句意和空格后的名词places可知，空格处应该用名词entertainment作定语，修饰后面的名词places，entertainment places意义为“娱乐场所”。故填entertainment。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：餐馆的小贩们挨家挨户地卖食物，特别是在像剧院这样的娱乐场所，那里挤满了人。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词theaters进行限定说明，从句中缺少主语，所以应该用关系代词which代替先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：外带盒，温盘，由两层瓷器组成。空格处是谓语动词，描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时；be composed of“由……组成”是固定搭配；主语是The to-go box，be动词应该用was。故填was composed。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：使用时，将热水注入盘子的中间层，以保持盘子的温度。空格处作目的状语，应该用不定式形式。故填to keep。 【45题详解】 考查连接副词。句意：这样，菜送到顾客家里时还是热的。空格后的部分是时间状语从句，所以空格处应该用连接副词when引导从句。故填when。 第四部分： 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节应用文（满分15分） 46. 假定你是高一新生李华，过不了多久就要因为选科，离开现在的班级和同学，加入新的班级，请你写一封离别信给你的同学和老师，内容包括： 1. 回忆一起时的美好时光； 2. 表达对同学和老师感激之情； 3. 离别祝福。 注意： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 适当使用衔接词以使行文连贯； 3. 文章中不得出现真实的姓名、学校等信息。 Dear teachers and classmates, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version: Dear teachers and classmates, I’m writing with mixed emotions — a lot of gratitude and a touch of sadness as I bid farewell to you. I will never forget the wonderful time we spent together, especially in the school sports meeting. It was your encouragement and support that made me the winner in the high jump competition, which gives me strength whenever I am in trouble. To my beloved teachers and classmates, our shared memories are a treasure I will cherish all my life. Though we may be physically apart, the close relationship between us will remain with me, guiding me through various tests in the years to come. Do remember, no matter where life takes me, may your days be filled with sunshine and laughter. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给同学和老师写一封离别信，需回忆彼此的美好时光，向对方表达感激之情，并送上离别祝福。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 极好的：wonderful→incredible, fantastic 珍视：cherish→value, hold dear 指引：guide→direct, steer 各种各样的：various→a variety of, different kinds of 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：To my beloved teachers and classmates, our shared memories are a treasure I will cherish all my life. 拓展句：To my beloved teachers and classmates, our shared memories are what I will cherish all my life. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’m writing with mixed emotions — a lot of gratitude and a touch of sadness as I bid farewell to you. (运用了as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型2] It was your encouragement and support that made me the winner in the high jump competition, which gives me strength whenever I am in trouble. (运用了强调句型、which引导非限制性定语从句、whenever引导时间状语从句) [高分句型3] Though we may be physically apart, the close relationship between us will remain with me, guiding me through various tests in the years to come. (运用了though引导让步状语从句、现在分词作状语) 第二节读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Confidence creates wonders I would never be described as physically tough. So when a friend asked if my brother and I wanted to take part in the “Obstacle (障碍) Race” organized by our community, an event aimed at testing one’s physical strength in the mental grit (毅力), I responded with an immediate “no”. But that was not to be the end of the talk. My brother, who was always looking for a physical challenge, thought it sounded like a great time. “You can do it, have confidence in yourself”, he encouraged me again and again. So, eventually, I hesitantly agreed and signed up for the race with a promise that we could train together. In the weeks that followed, family and friends heard about our plans to run the obstacle course, the reactions were less than encouraging. So, I decided that when the day of the race arrived, I would just aim to finish it. Even if I came in dead last, I would be happy to simply walk across the finish line. At the start, the training was promising. Unfortunately, life soon stopped our training as our focus shifted from the training to more pressing matters such as studying for exams and putting the final touches to class projects. Nearing the end of April, I flipped (快速翻转) the page in my planner to the next week. There, in big, red letters, were the words “Obstacle Race”. My heart sank into my stomach. I had not trained in weeks. And now I had just one week to prepare for what no one, including myself, thought I was able to. I spent the next five days trying to get my body ready for the approaching challenge. All too soon, the big day arrived, but we found it was cold and rainy. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ We reached the first obstacle and I made it through unharmed, feeling my first rush of confidence. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 All too soon the big day arrived, but we found it was cold and rainy. Nervous and anxious, we loaded ourselves into the car in silence. When driving to the destination where the race would be held, we listened to fast-paced rock music, trying to keep our spirits high. However, as we arrived, it seemed that the wind blew across the flat land even more wildly, making it feel much colder than it already was. We headed to the registration table and received our race numbers along with safety pins to attach them to our backs. Thirty minutes later, after a brief explanation of the rules and a little music to get us fired up, the starting gun sounded and the race began. We reached the first obstacle and I made it through unharmed, feeling my first rush of confidence. Next, we bravely faced obstacle after obstacle. Despite struggling at every obstacle, we kept going without hesitation, constantly chanting slogans of encouragement to cheer each other on. Finally, we successfully crossed the finish line. My brother exclaimed in disbelief at my performance, saying, “I can’t believe it! You are amazing!” So excited was I that I rushed to hug him and pick him up, shedding tears of joy and excitement. I did what I thought was impossible in the past. I thought I was now “tough”. I came to realize that confidence is the bridge between where you are and where you want to get. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了尽管认为自己不够强壮，但是作者还是在哥哥的鼓励下报名参加了社区的障碍赛并开始抽时间训练。比赛期间，尽管困难重重，但是作者和哥哥互相鼓励，一直坚持下来，顺利完成了比赛。作者流下高兴与激动的眼泪。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“很快，大日子就到了，但我们发现天气很冷，还下着雨。”可知，第一段可描写作者去参加比赛时的天气和作者的心情。 ②由第二段首句内容“我们到达了第一个障碍，我毫发无损地通过了，第一次感到了自信。”可知，第二段可描写作者继续比赛的情况和最后顺利完成比赛的感受。 2.续写线索：去比赛——紧张焦虑——比赛开始——互相鼓励——完成比赛——感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①举行：hold/take place ②向……去：head to/make for ③拥抱：hug/embrace 情绪类 ①紧张的：nervous/tense ②高兴：joy/delight 【点睛】[高分句型1] When driving to the destination where the race would be held, we listened to fast-paced rock music, trying to keep our spirits high.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略，where引导的定语从句） [高分句型2] I came to realize that confidence is the bridge between where you are and where you want to get.（运用了that引导的宾语从句和where引导的宾语从句） 1-5 ACBCB 6-10 ABACB 11-15 CCACA 16-20 BCAAB 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$