精品解析：福建省宁德市蕉城区2023-2024学年八年级下学期期中英语试题

2023—2024学年第二学期八年级期中核心素养检测 英语试题 （答卷时间：100分钟；满分：100分） 注意事项： 1.本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（1—55题）和第Ⅱ卷（56—79题）两部分。 2.卷Ⅰ（1—55题）的选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡选择题答题区域内填涂。 3.卷Ⅰ（56—60题）和卷Ⅱ（61—79题），请按题号顺序，用黑色签字笔在答题卡各题指定的答题区域内作答。 4.在本试卷上作答无效。 第Ⅰ卷（70分） Ⅰ.听力（共三节，20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 第一节，听句子，听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的三幅图中选择与句子内容相符的选项。（每个句子读两遍） 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 第二节，听对话 听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。(每段对话读两遍) 听第1段对话，回答第6小题。 6. How will the man go to Beijing? A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane. 听第2段对话，回答第7小题。 7. Why did the boy go to bed late? A. He had a cold. B. He watched TV too late. C. He had a lot of homework to do. 听第3段对话，回答第8小题。 8. What can we learn about Sam? A. He is taller than Jason. B. He is thinner than Jason. C. He is funnier than Jason. 听第4段对话，回答第9小题。 9. What did James do that day? A. He went to a party. B. He went to an opening. C. He went to a club. 听第5段对话, 回答第10、11 小题。 10. What is Mary worried about? A. Her English exam. B. Her math exam. C. Her Chinese exam. 11. When will they have the exam? A. This Thursday. B. Next Friday. C. Next Saturday. 听第6段对话, 回答第12、13 小题。 12. What’s the matter with Kate? A. She feels happy. B. She is ill. C. She feels lonely. 13. What does the man advise Kate to do? A. To do some exercise. B. To talk to her friends. C. To listen to music. 听第7段对话，回答第14、15小题。 14. How much does a standard room cost for a day? A. 150 yuan. B. 300 yuan. C. 500 yuan. 15. How long will the woman stay? A. Three nights. B. Four nights. C. Five nights. 第三节 听短文，根据你所听到的内容，完成下面表格，每空填一词。(短文读三遍) Class Trip Time On 56 morning. Place to visit The 57 . Why to visit Learn about the cinema and how they make films. How to go By 58 . The cost 59 dollars each. What to take Take a pen and a notebook. Needn’t 60 food. 注意：请将该题的答案填写在答题卡的第二部分第56-60小题上。 Ⅱ.单项选择（每小题1分，共10分） 1. — What’s matter with you?----I didn’t sleep well yesterday. I have_____bad headache now. A. /; a B. the; / C. the; a 2. —Mike, do you know where Taiwan is? —It is ________ the southeast of China. A. in B. to C. on 3. —Why does Kate look so happy? —She feels ________ about the ________ news. A. exciting, excited B. excited, exciting C. excited, excited 4. ―John and Mike, what do you think of the movie? ―John doesn’t like the movie. I don’t like it, ________. A. too B. also C. either 5. It’s helpful for us to know how to ________ our sadness. A. agree with B. fill with C. deal with 6. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation (发音)? A. sick B. strict C. invite 7. Amy what were you doing ________ your sister was talking on the phone? A. though B. while C. unless 8. —What’s your plan for this Sunday? —If it ________ sunny, we ________ fishing. A. is; will go B. is; go C. will be; will go 9. —________ is it from your home to the shopping center? —It’s about twenty minutes’ walk. A. How long B. How often C. How far 10. —My brother wants to watch the soccer game tomorrow but he has no tickets. —________ A. What a pity! B. That’s a good idea. C. Sounds good. Ⅲ.完形填空（每小题1分，满分10分） 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 A few boys stood around a tree. “How tall the tree is!” they said to each other. “It would be ____11____ to climb to the top!” The boys then decided to play a game. They want to see who could climb to the top of the tree first. Their mothers were sitting not far away, looking at their ____12____ when they played. One of the climbers was an 8-year-old boy named David. He was the shortest child among them. ____13____ thought he would win. Then the game started. ____14____ of the boys tried their best to climb as fast as they could. Though the other boys climbed faster than David in the beginning, he ____15____ the top of the tree fastest in the end. His mother was ____16____. She asked him, “David, how did you reach the top of the tree so ____17____?” “It was easy,” David said. “The other children ____18____ looking down when they climbed. When they realized (意识到) they were high, they were afraid of falling down. I, however, looked only ____19____. When I saw how close I was, I kept climbing ____20____ I reached the top.” In our daily (日常的) life, if we work hard and keep trying, we are more likely to reach our goals. 11. A. boring B. disappointing C. interesting 12. A. students B. children C. teachers 13. A. Nobody B. Someone C. Anyone 14. A. Both B. All C. One 15. A. got up B. got on C. got to 16. A proud B. worried C. afraid 17. A. carefully B. quickly C. slowly 18. A. kept B. stopped C. practiced 19. A. for B. up C. down 20. A. while B. unless C. until Ⅳ.阅读理解（A篇每题1分，B、C篇每题2分，D篇每题1分，共30分） （A） Lisa likes keeping a diary(日记) very much. These days, she doesn’t have much time for her diary. To solve the problem, she invents a new kind of diary. This new kind of diary has nine squares. Lisa likes it very much, because writing this kind of diary is very easy and it won’t take her a lot of time. Let’s look at her diary today. April 16, 2022 Saturday Activity Going to my friend’s birthday party. Helping others Helping my friend do some cleaning after the party. Plan To draw a picture for the school art festival tomorrow. Feeling Mom and Dad told me about their worries. I am glad because they don’t see me as a little kid any more. News There is a new library in our city. Health Healthy. Self-improvement(自我提升) Going to the supermarket with Mom and learning to choose tomatoes at night. Dream To become a singer. 21. Lisa likes the new kind of diary because _________. A. it’s a gift from her mother B. it won’t cost her a lot of money C. it can save her a lot of time D. it looks clear and beautiful 22. What does Lisa do after the party? A. B. C. D. 23. Lisa plans to ________ tomorrow. A. draw a picture for the school art festival B. cook a delicious meal for her parents at home C. go to the library in her city with her friend D. have a talk with her friend on the Internet 24. Lisa feels _________ after the talk with her parents today. A. tired B. happy C. angry D. sad 25. What can we infer from the diary? A. Lisa doesn’t like singing at all. B. Lisa knows how to choose potatoes. C. Lisa has a stomachache after the party. D. A new library is open in Lisa’s city. (B) Why do we have tears when we cry? Scientists have been trying to answer this question for centuries. Till now, one thing is clear. There are different kinds of tears: basal tears (基底眼泪), reflex tears (反射眼泪) and emotional tears. And the studies show emotional tears are the most of all. They are caused by strong feelings. Tears are easy to appear. In fact, you make 15 to 30 gallons (加仑) of tears each year. Being moved by a moving movie, being away from home for the first time or seeing a loved friend off can all cause tears. Tears have many roles. “The role of tears may be more important than its physical effects (作用),” says Lauren Bylsma, a PhD (博士学位) in University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Bylsma found out that people are more likely to feel better after crying if they get help when they cry. It is common that some people may cry when they realize they are wrong. After crying, people can feel better. But it’s not good for people to hold back (抑制) their tears or cry without tears after crying. So next time when you want to cry, just do it. 26. How many kinds of tears are shown according to the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 27. What does the underlined phrase “emotional tears” mean in the passage? A. Tears caused by eye illnesses. B. Tears caused by strong feelings. C. Tears caused by cooking meals. D. Tears caused by dirty things in eyes. 28. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Tears are of great use. B. Tears are easy to appear. C. Tears are good for people. D. Tears can change something. 29. Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A. People will be happy after they cry. B. Everyone makes 30 gallons of tears a day. C. Holding back tears isn’t good for people. D. Tears help people forget bad things. 30. Which can be the best title for this passage? A. The Roles of Tears B. The Three Kinds of Tears C. The Advantages of Tears D. The Introduction of Tears (C) 根据其内容，选择最佳选项。 Traveling can be expensive. But there are some ways to save money when traveling. Try some of the advice below on your next vacation and your wallet will thank you. Look for city tourism cards. With the card, you can pay less at restaurants and shops. You don’t have to wait for a long time at busy attractions. You might even get free tickets to top tourist attractions. City tourism cards can save your money and time without question. Don’t get the best room. How long will you stay in your room? Will you just be sleeping there? Do you really need a bigger room with a good view(景色)? Find a hotel outside a city. It can help you save some money by choosing a hotel away from big tourist attractions for you are always doing the same — go to the attractions and then return to your hotel to sleep. Book(预订) a room with a kitchen. Although some people might not like to cook while on vacation, I don’t mind making breakfast in my room. We always eat at a nice restaurant on our last night of the vacation. I’d rather eat breakfast and lunch at the hotel and then spend much money on a delicious supper. 31. With _________, you can pay less at restaurants and shops. A. ID cards B. tourism cards C. bank cards D. phone cards 32. The underlined words “tourist attractions” in Paragraph 2 mean _________. A. 旅游方式 B. 旅游设施 C. 旅游手册 D. 旅游景点 33. To save some money, the writer advises tourists to__________. A. get the best room B. live near big tourist attractions C. live away from big tourist attractions D. take a map with them when traveling 34. The writer prefers to make breakfast and lunch in the hotel because __________. A. they are healthier and more delicious B. he likes cookers in the hotel C. there are not any restaurants in the neighborhood D. he’d rather spend much money on a delicious supper 35. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How to save money when traveling. B. How to get a tourism card. C. How to find a hotel outside a city. D. How to book a room on the Internet. (D) Mr. Johnson worked in a hospital. Three years ago, when he was sixty-eight, he retired (退休). But a lot of people still come to ask him to look them over (检查). ____36____. Half a year ago, a young man moved in the room upstairs. At first he was quiet. The old man was satisfied with him. ____37____. They often came to see him in the evening. They talked loudly, sang and danced. Mr. Johnson was unhappy but he didn’t say anything. It was the young man’s birthday yesterday. ____38____. They drank too much and made a lot of noise. The old man couldn’t fall asleep the whole night and he was angry. The next morning, as soon as he got up, he went upstairs and began to knock at the door. ____39____. “Did you bear me beat the ceiling (天花板) last night, young man?” asked Mr. Johnson. “It doesn’t matter, sir,” said the young man. “____40____. It was very noisy in my room, too.” A. The young man opened for him and asked him to go in. B. I don’t mind it. C. He was busy in the daytime (白天) and he wanted to have a good rest at night. D. But now he has several friends. E. All his friends came at seven in the evening. 第Ⅱ卷（30分） Ⅴ.情景交际（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据情景提示，完成下列各题。 41. 当你不同意别人的看法时，你可以这么说： ________________________________ 42. 初二已经过半，转眼间你们就要升入初三了，你可能会这样感叹光阴：________________! 43. 当谈到最近上映的电影时，你的同桌说他等不及要去看它，他会这样说：________________. 44. Sally正在听音乐，你想问她音乐听起来怎么样，可以这问：__________________, Sally? 45. 你很期待收到朋友的来信，可以这样说：________________ hearing from you. Ⅵ.看图写话（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。 46. smell ___________________________________________________________________ 47 not so... as _________________________________________________________________ 48. be strict with _______________________________________________________________ 49. make, relaxed ______________________________________________________________ 50. read, when ________________________________________________________________ Ⅶ. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 People ride bicycles all over the world. In China you may ____51____ /'nəutis/ that many people don’t wear helmets when riding bikes. But in many other countries, people have to wear ____52____ (they) when they ride their bikes. In some places of the USA, riding bikes ____53____ helmets is against the law (法律). Other countries, such as Australia and Spain, have laws saying that everyone must wear a helmet for their own ____54____ (safe). Many people say that helmets are like seat belts (安全带). ____55____ (wear) them can protect peoples heads from injury. In China, bicycles have their own special roads but ____56____ (rider) must obey the traffic rules. If they’re ____57____ /’keələs/ and break the rules, they may be in danger. In the USA, roads are only for cars. People don’t ride their bikes to school or work often, ____58____ this isn’t true for other countries in the west. The Netherlands (荷兰) has a lot of bikes because riding them doesn’t cause ____59____ /pə'lu:ʃən/. The whole country has good bicycle roads. Do you ride your bike to school? In China, this is very common. But in the USA, kids only ride their bikes _____60_____ fun on the weekend. They see bicycling as a sport. Ⅷ. 书面表达（满分10分） 61. 假如你是李华，你的笔友Betty写信向你倾诉她最近的几次考试都发挥不好，她因为学习压力大而整晚睡不着觉，希望得到你的帮助。请你给她回一封信安慰她，并按照如下提示提出至少四点减压建议。词数80词左右。 注意事项： （1）意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范： （2）信中不得出现真实的姓名和校名； （3）必须包含所提示的信息，可适当发挥，开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。 参考词汇： 饮食 diet： 垃圾食品 junk food Dear Betty, I am sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your exams. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023—2024学年第二学期八年级期中核心素养检测 英语试题 （答卷时间：100分钟；满分：100分） 注意事项： 1.本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（1—55题）和第Ⅱ卷（56—79题）两部分。 2.卷Ⅰ（1—55题）的选择题用2B铅笔在答题卡选择题答题区域内填涂。 3.卷Ⅰ（56—60题）和卷Ⅱ（61—79题），请按题号顺序，用黑色签字笔在答题卡各题指定的答题区域内作答。 4.在本试卷上作答无效。 第Ⅰ卷（70分） Ⅰ.听力（共三节，20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 第一节，听句子，听下面五个句子，从每小题所给的三幅图中选择与句子内容相符的选项。（每个句子读两遍） 1. A. B. C. 2. A. B. C. 3. A. B. C. 4. A. B. C. 5. A. B. C. 第二节，听对话 听下面七段对话，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。(每段对话读两遍) 听第1段对话，回答第6小题。 6. How will the man go to Beijing? A. By train. B. By car. C. By plane. 听第2段对话，回答第7小题。 7. Why did the boy go to bed late? A. He had a cold. B. He watched TV too late. C. He had a lot of homework to do. 听第3段对话，回答第8小题。 8. What can we learn about Sam? A. He is taller than Jason. B. He is thinner than Jason. C. He is funnier than Jason. 听第4段对话，回答第9小题。 9. What did James do that day? A. He went to a party. B. He went to an opening. C. He went to a club. 听第5段对话, 回答第10、11 小题。 10. What is Mary worried about? A. Her English exam. B. Her math exam. C. Her Chinese exam. 11. When will they have the exam? A. This Thursday. B. Next Friday. C. Next Saturday. 听第6段对话, 回答第12、13 小题。 12. What’s the matter with Kate? A. She feels happy. B. She is ill. C. She feels lonely. 13. What does the man advise Kate to do? A. To do some exercise. B. To talk to her friends. C. To listen to music. 听第7段对话，回答第14、15小题。 14. How much does a standard room cost for a day? A. 150 yuan. B. 300 yuan. C. 500 yuan. 15. How long will the woman stay? A. Three nights. B. Four nights. C. Five nights. 第三节 听短文，根据你所听到的内容，完成下面表格，每空填一词。(短文读三遍) Class Trip Time On 56 morning. Place to visit The 57 . Why to visit Learn about the cinema and how they make films. How to go By 58 . The cost 59 dollars each. What to take Take a pen and a notebook. Needn’t 60 food. 注意：请将该题的答案填写在答题卡的第二部分第56-60小题上。 Ⅱ.单项选择（每小题1分，共10分） 1. — What’s matter with you?----I didn’t sleep well yesterday. I have_____bad headache now. A. /; a B. the; / C. the; a 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你怎么了？——我昨天没有睡好。我现在头疼的厉害。What’s the matter with…表示……怎么了？短语have a headache表示头疼；bad以辅音音素开头的，用不定冠词a。根据题意，故选C。 【点睛】1.不定冠词的用法 不定冠词有两个，a 和 an。a用在辅音音素开头的单词前面；an用于以元音音素开头的单词前。如：a book, an apple。 不定冠词用在单数可数名词前表示“某一个”。如： There is a policeman at the door. 门口有个警察。 定冠词的用法 定冠词和名词连用，表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。如： Mother carved the meat into slices. 2. —Mike do you know where Taiwan is? —It is ________ the southeast of China. A. in B. to C. on 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——迈克，你知道台湾在哪里吗？——它位于中国的东南部。 考查方位介词。in在……，在范围内；on在……，在范围外且接壤；to在……，在范围外且不接壤。台湾位于中国的东南部，属于中国范围内。故选A。 3. —Why does Kate look so happy? —She feels ________ about the ________ news. A. exciting, excited B. excited, exciting C. excited, excited 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：——为什么凯特看起来这么开心？——她对这令人兴奋的消息感到兴奋。 考查形容词辨析。exciting激动人心的，是形容词，修饰事物；excited激动的，是形容词，描述人的感受。第一个空修饰She，是描述人的感受，应用excited；第二个空，修饰后面的news，属于事物，应用exciting。故选B。 4. ―John and Mike, what do you think of the movie? ―John doesn’t like the movie. I don’t like it, ________. A. too B. also C. either 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——John和Mike，你们觉得这部电影怎么样？——John不喜欢这部电影。我也不喜欢它。 考查副词辨析。too也，用于肯定句句末；also也，用于肯定句句中；either也，用于否定句句末。“John doesn’t like the movie. I don’t like it”这是否定句，应填either，故选C。 5. It’s helpful for us to know how to ________ our sadness. A. agree with B. fill with C. deal with 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：它有助于我们知道如何处理我们的悲伤。 考查动词短语辨析。agree with同意；fill with充满；deal with处理。根据“our sadness”可知，这里指如何处理悲伤。故选C。 6. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation (发音)? A. sick B. strict C. invite 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：下列带下划线的部分哪一个发音不同？ 考查元音字母的发音。sick/sɪk/；strict/strɪkt/；invite/ɪnˈvaɪt/。根据音标可知，选项C的划线部分和其他两项不同。故选C。 7. Amy, what were you doing ________ your sister was talking on the phone? A. though B. while C. unless 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：艾米，你姐姐在打电话的时候你在做什么？ 考查连词词义辨析。though尽管；while当……的时候；unless除非。根据句意可知，此处强调两个动作同时发生，应用while。故选B。 8. —What’s your plan for this Sunday? —If it ________ sunny, we ________ fishing. A. is; will go B. is; go C. will be; will go 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——你们这个星期天的计划是什么？——如果天气晴朗，我们将会去钓鱼。 考查动词时态。分析句子可知，if引导条件状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现”原则；从句主语为it，所以第一空使用is，主句使用一般将来时（will do），第二空使用will go。故选A。 9. —________ is it from your home to the shopping center? —It’s about twenty minutes’ walk. A. How long B. How often C. How far 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：——从你家到购物中心有多远？——步行大约20分钟的路程。 考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间，询问时间；How often多长时间一次，询问频率；How far多远，询问距离。根据“It’s about twenty minutes’ walk.”可知，此处是对距离进行的提问，因此用How far。故选C。 10. —My brother wants to watch the soccer game tomorrow, but he has no tickets. —________ A. What a pity! B. That’s a good idea. C. Sounds good. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】句意：——我哥哥想看明天的足球赛，但他没有票。——真遗憾！ 考查情景交际。What a pity真遗憾；That’s a good idea那是个好主意；Sounds good听起来不错。根据“but he has no tickets”可知，因为没有票去看足球赛，因此觉得可惜。故选A。 Ⅲ.完形填空（每小题1分，满分10分） 从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。 A few boys stood around a tree. “How tall the tree is!” they said to each other. “It would be ____11____ to climb to the top!” The boys then decided to play a game. They want to see who could climb to the top of the tree first. Their mothers were sitting not far away, looking at their ____12____ when they played. One of the climbers was an 8-year-old boy named David. He was the shortest child among them. ____13____ thought he would win. Then the game started. ____14____ of the boys tried their best to climb as fast as they could. Though the other boys climbed faster than David in the beginning, he ____15____ the top of the tree fastest in the end. His mother was ____16____. She asked him, “David, how did you reach the top of the tree so ____17____?” “It was easy,” David said. “The other children ____18____ looking down when they climbed. When they realized (意识到) they were high, they were afraid of falling down. I, however, looked only ____19____. When I saw how close I was, I kept climbing ____20____ I reached the top.” In our daily (日常的) life, if we work hard and keep trying, we are more likely to reach our goals. 11. A. boring B. disappointing C. interesting 12. A. students B. children C. teachers 13. A. Nobody B. Someone C. Anyone 14. A. Both B. All C. One 15. A. got up B. got on C. got to 16. A. proud B. worried C. afraid 17. A. carefully B. quickly C. slowly 18. A. kept B. stopped C. practiced 19. A. for B. up C. down 20 A. while B. unless C. until 【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C 16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了一群孩子爬树的故事，故事告诉我们：定目标的过程中，要一直向前，不要回头，就能实现目标。 【11题详解】 句意：爬到顶端会很有趣！ boring无聊的；disappointing令人失望的；interesting有趣的。根据下文“The boys then decided to play a game. They want to see who could climb to the top of the tree first.”可知，男孩们决定玩一个游戏，他们想看看谁能先爬到树的顶端，所以此处表示的是爬到顶端会很有趣。故选C。 【12题详解】 句意：他们的母亲坐在不远处，看着孩子们玩耍。 students学生；children孩子们；teachers老师。根据空前的“Their mothers”可知，此处指她们的孩子。故选B。 【13题详解】 句意：没人想到他会赢。 Nobody没有人；Someone某人；Anyone任何人。根据上文“He was the shortest child among them.”可知，David是这群孩子中最矮的一个，所以此处指没人想到他会赢。故选A。 【14题详解】 句意：所有的男孩都尽力以最快的速度攀登。 Both两个；All所有；One一个根据上文“A few boys”可知，此处指三者及以上，因此用all。故选B。 【15题详解】 句意：虽然其他男孩一开始比大卫爬得快，但最后他爬到树顶的速度最快。 got up起床；got on和睦相处；got to到达。根据上文“They want to see who could climb to the top of the tree first.”可知，此处指爬到树顶。故选C。 【16题详解】 句意：他的母亲很自豪。 proud自豪的；worried担忧的；afraid害怕的。根据上文“he…the top of the tree fastest in the end”可知，David爬到树顶的速度最快，所以他的母亲应该是感到自豪。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：大卫，你怎么这么快就到了树顶？ carefully仔细地；quickly快速地；slowly慢速地。根据上文“he…the top of the tree fastest in the end”可知，David爬到树顶的速度最快。故选B。 【18题详解】 句意：其他孩子爬上去时一直往下看。 kept保持；stopped停止；practiced练习。根据“The other children…looking down when they climbed.”的句意并结合选项可知，此处指其他孩子爬上去时一直往下看。故选A。 【19题详解】 句意：然而，我只是抬起头来。 for为了；up向上；down向下。根据“however”可知，此处句意发生了转折，表示抬头。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：当我看到自己离树顶有多近时，我继续往上爬，直到爬到树顶。 while当……时候；unless除非；until直到。根据“When I saw how close I was, I kept climbing…I reached the top.”的句意可知，此处指我继续往上爬，直到爬到树顶。故选C。 Ⅳ.阅读理解（A篇每题1分，B、C篇每题2分，D篇每题1分，共30分） （A） Lisa likes keeping a diary(日记) very much. These days, she doesn’t have much time for her diary. To solve the problem, she invents a new kind of diary. This new kind of diary has nine squares. Lisa likes it very much, because writing this kind of diary is very easy and it won’t take her a lot of time. Let’s look at her diary today. April 16, 2022 Saturday Activity Going to my friend’s birthday party. Helping others Helping my friend do some cleaning after the party. Plan To draw a picture for the school art festival tomorrow. Feeling Mom and Dad told me about their worries. I am glad because they don’t see me as a little kid any more. News There is a new library in our city. Health Healthy. Self-improvement(自我提升) Going to the supermarket with Mom and learning to choose tomatoes at night. Dream To become a singer. 21. Lisa likes the new kind of diary because _________. A. it’s a gift from her mother B. it won’t cost her a lot of money C. it can save her a lot of time D. it looks clear and beautiful 22. What does Lisa do after the party? A. B. C. D. 23. Lisa plans to ________ tomorrow. A. draw a picture for the school art festival B. cook a delicious meal for her parents at home C. go to the library in her city with her friend D. have a talk with her friend on the Internet 24. Lisa feels _________ after the talk with her parents today. A. tired B. happy C. angry D. sad 25. What can we infer from the diary? A Lisa doesn’t like singing at all. B. Lisa knows how to choose potatoes. C. Lisa has a stomachache after the party. D. A new library is open in Lisa’s city. 【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. B 25. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Lisa采用一种新的方式记日记，这种方式不仅简单而且省时。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Lisa likes it very much, because writing this kind of diary is very easy and it won’t take her a lot of time.”可知，Lisa喜欢这种日记的原因是因为它不会花很多时间。故选C。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“Helping my friend do some cleaning after the party.”可知，晚会后，帮助朋友打扫卫生。故选D。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“To draw a picture for the school art festival tomorrow.”可知，明天会为学校艺术节画画。故选A。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“I am glad because they don’t see me as a little kid any more.”可知，Lisa感到很开心。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“There is a new library in our city.”可知，Lisa的城市新开了一座图书馆。故选D。 (B) Why do we have tears when we cry? Scientists have been trying to answer this question for centuries. Till now, one thing is clear. There are different kinds of tears: basal tears (基底眼泪), reflex tears (反射眼泪) and emotional tears. And the studies show emotional tears are the most of all. They are caused by strong feelings. Tears are easy to appear. In fact, you make 15 to 30 gallons (加仑) of tears each year. Being moved by a moving movie, being away from home for the first time or seeing a loved friend off can all cause tears. Tears have many roles. “The role of tears may be more important than its physical effects (作用),” says Lauren Bylsma, a PhD (博士学位) in University of Pittsburgh. Dr. Bylsma found out that people are more likely to feel better after crying if they get help when they cry. It is common that some people may cry when they realize they are wrong. After crying, people can feel better. But it’s not good for people to hold back (抑制) their tears or cry without tears after crying. So next time when you want to cry, just do it. 26. How many kinds of tears are shown according to the passage? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 27. What does the underlined phrase “emotional tears” mean in the passage? A. Tears caused by eye illnesses. B. Tears caused by strong feelings. C. Tears caused by cooking meals. D. Tears caused by dirty things in eyes. 28. What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. Tears are of great use. B. Tears are easy to appear. C. Tears are good for people. D. Tears can change something. 29. Which of the following sentences is TRUE? A. People will be happy after they cry. B. Everyone makes 30 gallons of tears a day. C. Holding back tears isn’t good for people. D. Tears help people forget bad things. 30. Which can be the best title for this passage? A. The Roles of Tears B. The Three Kinds of Tears C. The Advantages of Tears D. The Introduction of Tears 【答案】26. B 27. B 28. B 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了眼泪产生的原因以及眼泪的作用。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“There are different kinds of tears: basal tears (基底眼泪), reflex tears (反射眼泪) and emotional tears.”可知，文章介绍了三种眼泪。故选B。 【27题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“And the studies show emotional tears are the most of all. They are caused by strong feelings.”可知，emotional tears是由强烈的感情引起的。故选B。 【28题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“Tears are easy to appear”可知，第二段讲述了眼泪很容易出现。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But it’s not good for people to hold back (抑制) their tears or cry without tears after crying.”可知，忍住眼泪对人不好。故选C。 【30题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了眼泪产生的原因以及眼泪的作用，所以D项最符合。故选D。 (C) 根据其内容，选择最佳选项。 Traveling can be expensive. But there are some ways to save money when traveling. Try some of the advice below on your next vacation and your wallet will thank you. Look for city tourism cards. With the card, you can pay less at restaurants and shops. You don’t have to wait for a long time at busy attractions. You might even get free tickets to top tourist attractions. City tourism cards can save your money and time without question. Don’t get the best room. How long will you stay in your room? Will you just be sleeping there? Do you really need a bigger room with a good view(景色)? Find a hotel outside a city. It can help you save some money by choosing a hotel away from big tourist attractions for you are always doing the same — go to the attractions and then return to your hotel to sleep. Book(预订) a room with a kitchen. Although some people might not like to cook while on vacation, I don’t mind making breakfast in my room. We always eat at a nice restaurant on our last night of the vacation. I’d rather eat breakfast and lunch at the hotel and then spend much money on a delicious supper. 31. With _________, you can pay less at restaurants and shops. A. ID cards B. tourism cards C. bank cards D. phone cards 32. The underlined words “tourist attractions” in Paragraph 2 mean _________. A. 旅游方式 B. 旅游设施 C. 旅游手册 D. 旅游景点 33. To save some money, the writer advises tourists to__________. A. get the best room B. live near big tourist attractions C. live away from big tourist attractions D. take a map with them when traveling 34. The writer prefers to make breakfast and lunch in the hotel because __________. A. they are healthier and more delicious B. he likes cookers in the hotel C. there are not any restaurants in the neighborhood D. he’d rather spend much money on a delicious supper 35. What does the passage mainly talk about? A. How to save money when traveling. B. How to get a tourism card. C. How to find a hotel outside a city. D. How to book a room on the Internet. 【答案】31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些旅行中可以省钱的方法。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文“Look for city tourism cards. With the card, you can pay less at restaurants and shops”可知，用城市旅行卡可以在餐馆和商店少花钱。故选B。 【32题详解】 词句猜测题。根据原文“a hotel away from big tourist attractions”可推断，此处“tourist attractions”指的是与酒店有一定距离的某个地点，即“旅游景点”，故选D。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文“It can help you save some money by choosing a hotel away from big tourist attractions”可知，为了省钱作者建议住得离景点远一点。故选C。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文“I’d rather eat breakfast and lunch at the hotel and then spend much money on a delicious supper”可知，作者在酒店吃早中餐是为了剩下更多的钱去吃一顿好的晚餐。故选D。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一些旅行中可以省钱的方法。故选A。 (D) Mr. Johnson worked in a hospital. Three years ago, when he was sixty-eight, he retired (退休). But a lot of people still come to ask him to look them over (检查). ____36____. Half a year ago, a young man moved in the room upstairs. At first he was quiet. The old man was satisfied with him. ____37____. They often came to see him in the evening. They talked loudly, sang and danced. Mr. Johnson was unhappy but he didn’t say anything. It was the young man’s birthday yesterday. ____38____. They drank too much and made a lot of noise. The old man couldn’t fall asleep the whole night and he was angry. The next morning, as soon as he got up, he went upstairs and began to knock at the door. ____39____. “Did you bear me beat the ceiling (天花板) last night, young man?” asked Mr. Johnson. “It doesn’t matter, sir,” said the young man. “____40____. It was very noisy in my room, too.” A. The young man opened for him and asked him to go in. B. I don’t mind it. C. He was busy in the daytime (白天) and he wanted to have a good rest at night. D. But now he has several friends. E All his friends came at seven in the evening. 【答案】36. C 37. D 38. E 39. A 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了退休医生Mr Johnson因为病人多，非常忙碌，所以希望能好好休息，而他的楼上搬来了一个吵闹的年轻人，Mr Johnson找他交涉却引起了误会。 【36题详解】 根据“Three years ago, when he was sixty-eight, he retired (退休). But a lot of people still come to ask him to look them over (检查). ”可知，前文提到了他退休了，还有很多人找他检查身体，选项C“他白天很忙，晚上想好好休息一下。”符合语境。故选C。 【37题详解】 根据“They often came to see him in the evening.”可知，设空处应该介绍他有很多拜访者。选项D “但现在他有几个朋友。”符合语境。故选D。 【38题详解】 根据“It was the young man’s birthday yesterday.”可知，设空处应该说有很多朋友来庆祝生日。选项E “他所有的朋友晚上七点都来了。”符合语境。故选E。 【39题详解】 根据“he went upstairs and began to knock at the door.”可知，设空处应该说年轻人给他开门。选项A“年轻人为他开门，请他进去。”符合语境。故选A。 【40题详解】 根据“It doesn’t matter, sir,”以及“It was very noisy in my room, too.”可知，那个年轻人认为Johnson是要和他说对不起，选项B“我不介意。”符合语境。故选B。 第Ⅱ卷（30分） Ⅴ.情景交际（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据情景提示，完成下列各题。 41. 当你不同意别人的看法时，你可以这么说： ________________________________. 【答案】I disagree with you 【解析】 【详解】根据提示可知，此处要说的是不同意别人的看法，应该用：I disagree with you.“我不同意你”。故填I disagree with you。 42. 初二已经过半，转眼间你们就要升入初三了，你可能会这样感叹光阴：________________! 【答案】How time flies 【解析】 【详解】根据提示可知，此处要感叹时光飞逝，可以用How time flies“时光飞逝”。故填How time flies。 43. 当谈到最近上映的电影时，你的同桌说他等不及要去看它，他会这样说：________________. 【答案】I can’t wait to see it 【解析】 【详解】根据题干可知，此处可表达为“我等不及要去看它”；I“我”；can’t wait to do sth.“迫不及待想做某事”；see“看”；it指代电影。故填I can’t wait to see it。 44. Sally正在听音乐，你想问她音乐听起来怎么样，可以这问：__________________, Sally? 【答案】What do you think of the music / What do you think about the music / How do you like the music 【解析】 【详解】询问某人觉得某物怎么样，可用句型What do you think of/about sth或How do you like sth。music “音乐”，不可数名词。其前用定冠词the表特指。故填What do you think of the music / What do you think about the music / How do you like the music。 45. 你很期待收到朋友的来信，可以这样说：________________ hearing from you. 【答案】I’m looking forward to 【解析】 【详解】根据题干信息，可以说“我期待收到你的来信”；I“我”，作主语；be动词用am；look forward to“期待”，此处应用现在分词形式，构成现在进行时。故填I’m looking forward to。 Ⅵ.看图写话（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 根据每小题所提供的图画情景和提示词，写出一个与图画情景相符的句子。 46. smell ___________________________________________________________________ 47. not so... as _________________________________________________________________ 48. be strict with _______________________________________________________________ 49. make, relaxed ______________________________________________________________ 50. read, when ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】46. This flower smells sweet. 47. Jane is not so brave as Maria. 48. Miss Li is strict with her students. 49. The music made the boy feel relaxed. 50. Tom was reading books when Michael came in. 【解析】 【46题详解】 根据图片和提示词“smell”可知，该句可表达为“这朵花闻起来真香”，时态为一般现在时；this flower“这朵花”，作主语；smell“闻起来”，系动词，主语为第三人称单数，动词使用第三人称单数形式；sweet“芳香的”，形容词，作表语。故填This flower smells sweet. 【47题详解】 根据图片和提示词“not so...as”可知，该句可表达为“简不如玛丽亚勇敢”，时态为一般现在时；be not so...as sb“不如某人……”，so和as中间用形容词原级，主语为第三人称单数，be动词使用is；brave“勇敢的”，形容词。故填Jane is not so brave as Maria. 【48题详解】 根据图片和提示词“be strict with”可知，该句可表达为“李老师对她的学生很严格”，时态为一般现在时；be strict with sb“对某人要求严格”，主语为第三人称单数，be动词使用is，her students“她的学生们”。故填Miss Li is strict with her students. 【49题详解】 根据图片和提示词“make, relaxed”可知，该句可表达为“音乐使这个男孩感到很放松”，此处可用一般过去时，介绍过去发生的事情；the music“音乐”，作主语；made是make的过去式，意为“使得”；the boy“这个男孩”，作宾语；feel relaxed“感到放松”；make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，feel使用动词原形。故填The music made the boy feel relaxed. 【50题详解】 根据图片和提示词“read, when”可知，该句可表达为“迈克尔进来时，汤姆正在看书”，此句使用含有when的过去进行时（was/were doing），从句使用一般过去时，主句主语Tom是第三人称单数，所以be动词使用was；read books“读书”；when“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句；come in“进来”，come的过去式为came。故填Tom was reading books when Michael came in. Ⅶ. 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据语境、音标或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 People ride bicycles all over the world. In China you may ____51____ /'nəutis/ that many people don’t wear helmets when riding bikes. But in many other countries, people have to wear ____52____ (they) when they ride their bikes. In some places of the USA, riding bikes ____53____ helmets is against the law (法律). Other countries, such as Australia and Spain, have laws saying that everyone must wear a helmet for their own ____54____ (safe). Many people say that helmets are like seat belts (安全带). ____55____ (wear) them can protect peoples heads from injury. In China, bicycles have their own special roads but ____56____ (rider) must obey the traffic rules. If they’re ____57____ /’keələs/ and break the rules, they may be in danger. In the USA, roads are only for cars. People don’t ride their bikes to school or work often, ____58____ this isn’t true for other countries in the west. The Netherlands (荷兰) has a lot of bikes because riding them doesn’t cause ____59____ /pə'lu:ʃən/. The whole country has good bicycle roads. Do you ride your bike to school? In China, this is very common. But in the USA, kids only ride their bikes _____60_____ fun on the weekend. They see bicycling as a sport. 【答案】51. notice 52. them 53. without 54. safety 55. Wearing 56. riders 57. careless 58. but 59. pollution 60. for 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了骑自行车这种现象在中国和其他国家的不同。 【51题详解】 句意：在中国，你可能会注意到很多人骑自行车时不戴头盔。根据音标可知此处是单词notice“注意到”，情态动词may后加动词原形。故填notice。 【52题详解】 句意：但是在很多其他国家，人们骑自行车时必须穿上它们。根据“people have to wear”可知此处指“戴头盔”，作宾语用代词宾格them“它们”。故填them。 【53题详解】 句意：在美国的一些地方，不戴头盔骑自行车是违法的。根据“riding bikes...helmets is against the law”可知骑自行车不戴头盔是违法的，without“没有”，作伴随状语。故填without。 【54题详解】 句意：澳大利亚和西班牙等其他国家的法律规定，为了自身安全，每个人都必须戴头盔。根据“their own...”可知此处应用名词形式safety“安全”，不可数名词。故填safety。 【55题详解】 句意：佩戴它们可以保护人们的头部免受伤害。分析句子可知，此处在句子中作主语，应用动名词形式wearing“戴”，放句首首字母大写。故填Wearing。 【56题详解】 句意：在中国，自行车有自己的特殊道路，但骑手必须遵守交通规则。此处泛指“骑自行车的人”，用名词复数riders“骑手”。故填riders。 【57题详解】 句意：如果他们粗心并违反规则，他们可能会处于危险之中。根据音标可知，此处是单词careless“粗心的”，形容词作表语。故填careless。 【58题详解】 句意：人们不经常骑自行车上学或上班，但西方其他国家并非如此。根据“People don’t ride their bikes to school or work often...this isn’t true for other countries in the west”可知前后两个句子是转折关系，用but连接。故填but。 【59题详解】 句意：荷兰有很多自行车，因为骑自行车不会造成污染。根据音标可知，此处是单词pollution“污染”，不可数名词。故填pollution。 【60题详解】 句意：但在美国，孩子们只在周末骑自行车玩乐。根据“ kids only ride their bikes...fun. They see bicycling as a sport”可知他们是为了乐趣骑自行车，用介词for。故填for。 Ⅷ. 书面表达（满分10分） 61. 假如你是李华，你的笔友Betty写信向你倾诉她最近的几次考试都发挥不好，她因为学习压力大而整晚睡不着觉，希望得到你的帮助。请你给她回一封信安慰她，并按照如下提示提出至少四点减压建议。词数80词左右。 注意事项： （1）意思清楚，表达通顺，行文连贯，书写规范： （2）信中不得出现真实的姓名和校名； （3）必须包含所提示的信息，可适当发挥，开头和结尾已给出，不计入词数。 参考词汇： 饮食 diet： 垃圾食品 junk food Dear Betty, I am sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your exams. _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Betty, I am sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your exams. As we know, it is difficult for us to get good grades all the time, so just take it easy. Don’t be too worried about it. As your friend, I’d like to offer you some suggestions. First, you should learn to relax. Doing exercise and listening to music are good choices. Second, you should keep a healthy diet for better energy. Eat more fruit and vegetables instead of junk food. Third, you must have enough sleep so that you won’t feel sleepy in class. Last but not least, you should open up. Turn to your parents or teachers when you are in trouble. Also, learn to share your happiness and sadness with your friends. Best wishes! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇书信作文； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”为主； ③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，注意标点符号及大小写等问题，不要犯语法错误。注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，语意连贯。 [写作步骤] 第一步，表明写作意图； 第二步，给出自己的建议； 第三步，书写结语。 [亮点词汇] ①all the time一直 ②suggestion建议 ③keep a healthy diet保持健康饮食 ④instead of而不是 ⑤feel sleepy感到困倦 ⑥last but not least最后但同样重要的是 [高分句型] ①Third, you must have enough sleep so that you won’t feel sleepy in class.(so that引导目的状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$