精品解析：浙江省嘉兴市平湖市2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末人文（阅读）素养英语试题

2024学年第一学期八年级人文(阅读) 素养试题卷 (202412) 英语 温馨提示：本卷共五大题，满分50分。请将答案填写在答题卷上。 一、完形填空(本题有15小题，每小题1分； 共计15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was the late 1980s. I was about three or four years old. My grandparents bought a computer for their restaurant. ____1____ the usual office software (软件), the machine could also run some simple games—a great ____2____ to me at that time. Nearly every Saturday, my parents would go to the restaurant for lunch and I would play on the computer if Grandma wasn’t using it for work. She often ____3____ me to play the games while I was there. Years later, my grandparents received another computer from my aunt after she moved to the U. S. They had no use for it, ____4____ they gave it to my parents. It became our family’s first home computer. It ____5____ with a monitor, a printer and lots of disks with all kinds of games and apps. This computer was very different from my grandparents’. I could ____6____ software for it. Grandma bought me a book on basic programming (编程). By then, she always made sure that I wasn’t ____7____ playing games on my computer. She often got me ____8____ apps to help me with my studies. Over time, I learned more about ____9____ computers work than Grandma did. Sometimes, Grandma would ask for ____10____ help when she had computer problems. Since I was ____11____ with my studies, I would sometimes complain (抱怨) about having to spend time fixing her computer. Now I really feel ____12____ for doing that to her. Today, I work for one of Canada’s largest tech companies. Without Grandma,I would not ____13____ programming or get this high-paying job. Last summer, I noticed that Grandma was having ____14____ with her computer after upgrading (更新) to Windows 11. Within minutes, I had everything ____15____ . Unlike my teenage self, I didn’t complain. I never will again. 1. A. For B. Like C. Besides D. Through 2. A. joy B. secret C. choice D. success 3. A. chose B. helped C. stopped D. encouraged 4. A. so B. or C. if D. but 5. A. opened B. shared C. covered D. arrived 6. A. pay B. keep C. develop D. prepare 7. A. even B. just C. almost D. already 8. A. useful B. strange C. difficult D. personal 9. A. why B. how C. when D. where 10. A. my B. her C. our D. their 11. A. busy B. bored C. pleased D. careful 12. A. tired B. sorry C. ready D. afraid 13. A. be good at B. be ready for C. be strict about D. be different from 14. A. lessons B. matches C. meetings D. problems 15. A. taken B. fixed C. closed D. passed 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者是如何在祖母的帮助下与电脑结缘，学习编程并成为科技领域的专业人士的故事。 【1题详解】 句意：除了通常的办公软件外，这台机器还可以运行一些简单的游戏——这在当时对我来说是巨大的乐趣。 For为了；Like像；Besides除了；Through通过。根据“...the usual office software, the machine could also run some simple games”可知，此处表示除了通常的办公软件外，这台机器还可以运行一些简单的游戏，Besides “除了”，表并列关系。故选C。 【2题详解】 句意：除了通常的办公软件外，这台机器还可以运行一些简单的游戏——这在当时对我来说是巨大的乐趣。 joy快乐；secret秘密；choice选择；success成功。根据“the machine could also run some simple games—a great...to me at that time.”可知，机器可以运行游戏对小时候的我来说是一间快乐的事，joy “快乐”。故选A。 【3题详解】 句意：她经常鼓励我在那里玩游戏。 chose选择；helped帮助；stopped停止；encouraged鼓励。根据“my parents would go to the restaurant for lunch and I would play on the computer if Grandma wasn’t using it for work.”可知，祖母不用电脑工作的时候我可以玩电脑，祖母对于我玩电脑的是表示肯定的，encouraged “鼓励”。故选D。 【4题详解】 句意：这台电脑他们没有用了，所以就把它给了我父母。 so所以；or或者；if如果；but但。根据“They had no use for it... they gave it to my parents.”可知，前后因果关系，后句表结果。so“所以”。故选A。 【5题详解】 句意：它到达时带有显示器、打印机和许多带有各种游戏和应用的光盘。 opened打开；shared分享；covered覆盖；arrived到达。根据“They had no use for it, so they gave it to my parents.”可知，此处表达的是到我家的状态，arrived “到达”。故选D。 【6题详解】 句意：我可以为它开发软件。 pay支付；keep保持；develop发展；prepare准备。根据“I could... software for it.”可知，此处表达我可以为它开发软件，develop “发展”。故选C。 【7题详解】 句意：在哪个时候，她总是确保我不仅仅只是在电脑上玩游戏。 even甚至；just仅仅；almost几乎；already已经。根据“Grandma bought me a book on basic programming.”可知，祖母给我买书是希望我学习基础的编程，而不仅仅只是玩。just “仅仅”。故选B。 【8题详解】 句意：她经常给我一些有用的应用程序来帮助我学习。 useful有用的；strange奇怪的；difficult困难的；personal个人的。根据“She often got me... apps to help me with my studies.”可知，目的是帮助我学习，所以给我的也是有用的应用程序。useful “有用的”。故选A。 9题详解】 句意：随着时间的推移，我比奶奶更了解电脑如何工作。 why为什么；how如何；when何时；where哪里。根据“I learned more about... computers work”可知，此处表示电脑如何工作，how “如何”。故选B。 【10题详解】 句意：有时，奶奶遇到电脑问题时会向我求助。 my我的；her她的；our我们的；their他们的。根据“Sometimes, Grandma would ask for... help when she had computer problems.”可知，此处表达寻求我的帮助。my “我的”。故选A。 【11题详解】 句意：由于我忙于学习，有时我会抱怨不得不花时间修理她的电脑。 busy忙碌的；bored无聊的；pleased高兴的；careful小心的。根据“Since I was... with my studies”可知，此处表达忙碌于学习。be busy with“忙碌于”，固定搭配。故选A。 12题详解】 句意：现在我为那样对她而感到非常抱歉。 tired疲惫的；sorry抱歉的；ready准备好的；afraid害怕的。根据“I would sometimes complain about having to spend time fixing her computer.”可知，我对于当时的抱怨而感到抱歉。feel sorry for“对……感到抱歉”，动词短语。故选B。 【13题详解】 句意：如果没有奶奶，我就不会擅长编程，也不会得到这份高薪工作。 be good at擅长；be ready for为……做好准备；be strict about对……严格；be different from与……不同。根据“Without Grandma,I would not... programming or get this high-paying job.”可知，此处表达没有祖母，我就不能擅长编程并且得到高薪的工作。be good at“擅长”，固定搭配。故选A。 【14题详解】 句意：去年夏天，我注意到奶奶在升级到Windows 11后电脑出了问题。 lessons课程；matches比赛；meetings会议；problems问题。根据“Grandma was having...with her computer after upgrading to Windows 11.”可知，祖母的电脑在升级到Windows 11之后有问题，have problems“有问题”，动词短语。故选D。 【15题详解】 句意：几分钟后，我就把所有问题都解决了。 taken拿走；fixed修理；closed关闭；passed通过。根据“Grandma was having problemswith her computer after upgrading to Windows 11.”可知，祖母的电脑有问题，所以此处表达我对其进行了修理解决了问题。。故选B。 二、阅读理解(本题有14小题，每小题1分； 共计14分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A COLDPLAY, a famous British rock band, cares a lot about the Earth and has done a lot to protect the environment. For example, during their 2022 world tour, they encouraged their fans to travel to the shows by bus or subway. At the shows, the band set up special bikes and dance floors. The fans could produce electricity (电能) by riding the bikes or dancing on the floors. This year, Coldplay is still going green. Its tenth album, Moon Music, came out on October 4. The records (唱片) are made from plastic waste (塑料废弃物). Coldplay has worked with Ocean Cleanup to make these records. The group uses large fences and special boats to clean up plastic waste in rivers and oceans. It puts the fences in many different rivers. The fences let the water go but stop the waste. Coldplay offers funds to Ocean Cleanup’s work. What kind of plastic waste makes good records? The group uses PET, a kind of plastic. The plastic waste must be very clean. Ocean Cleanup collects it from the river Rio Las Vacas in North America. The plastic waste is sorted, mixed, tested and then used to make the records. These records sound good. Each record is about 140 grams heavy. One record comes from nine old PET plastic bottles. Usually, records produce lots of new plastic. The band has greatly cut this down! 16. What did Coldplay do to protect the environment? ①They set up special chairs and dance floors. ②They encouraged their fans to travel by bus or subway. ③They asked their fans to produce electricity at the show. ④They make their tenth album records with plastic waste. A. ②③④ B. ①③④ C. ①②④ D. ①②③ 17. What do Paragraphs 3&4 mainly tell us? A. Who offers funds to Ocean Cleanup's work? B. What kind of plastic waste makes good records? C. Why does the group collect plastic waste from rivers and oceans? D. How do Coldplay and Ocean Cleanup make records from plastic waste? 18. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To show love for Coldplay. B. To introduce Coldplay’s “green” records. C. To ask people to buy Coldplay’s new records. D. To tell the friendship of Coldplay and Ocean Cleanup. 【答案】16. A 17. D 18. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了酷玩乐队环保行动：2022年世界巡演鼓励环保出行，利用粉丝运动发电；新专辑唱片用海洋塑料垃圾制成，支持环保组织Ocean Cleanup。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“For example, during their 2022 world tour, they encouraged their fans to travel to the shows by bus or subway.”、“The fans could produce electricity (电能) by riding the bikes or dancing on the floors.”以及第二段“The records (唱片) are made from plastic waste (塑料废弃物).”可知，酷玩乐队鼓励粉丝们乘坐公共交通来看演唱会、利用粉丝运动发电以及利用塑料废物制作唱片来支持环保行动。故选A。 【17题详解】 主旨大意题。通读第三、四段可知，酷玩乐队是怎么利用海洋垃圾来制作唱片的。故选D。 【18题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“Coldplay has worked with Ocean Cleanup to make these records.”，以及通读全文可知，本文都在介绍酷玩乐队的“绿色”唱片，故可知本文的目的是为介绍酷玩乐队的“绿色”唱片。故选B。 B Though I’ve never lived in Chicago, I have a special love for the baseball team— the Cubs. My father grew up in the Windy City and loved this team his whole life. And I loved my dad. So I loved the Cubs too. Twenty years after my father’s death, I am still a fan. Every time I watch t hr e cubs or television, I think of him and have a conversation with him in my head about the game. When you are finding that your close relationships (关系) like friendship or family leave you feel empty, my advice is not to make your relationships more workable, but to have some “useless” activities—like baseball. As for me, the team the Cubs brought me together with my dad, and that still brings me happy memories of the love between us long after his death. We had nothing to get as we watched them play, except for the satisfaction (满足) of enjoying the games together as father and son; a satisfaction that was much greater than it would be if we each watched alone. The Cubs were the “place” where we met to enjoy our relationship. Lots of sports fans have similar experiences. Experts have found that sports fans have a strong sense of belonging and meaning. And in one study of 900 people who played sports in the Netherlands, about 33% said that they “built their social networks, self-esteem (自尊) and trust through sport.” Sports are just one example. If your relationships with friends and family are leaving you a little cold, maybe you can try some “useless” things, developing a taste for baseball, or maybe opera, chess, or music. 19. Why does the writer love the Cubs? A. Because he once lived in Chicago. B. Because this team is very famous. C. Because he likes playing baseball. D. Because his father loved this team. 20. What is the correct order of the following activities? a. My father died twenty years ago. b. We enjoyed the games a lot as father and son. c. My father grew up in Chicago and loves the Cubs. d. I thought of my father when I watch the Cubs on TV. A. dcba B. cbd C. bacd D. cdba 21. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Doing sports can bring people together. B. The love between father and son is always there. C. “Useless” activities can improve our relationships. D. Close relationships are really important in daily life. 【答案】19. D 20. B 21. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者因为父亲喜欢Cubs队而爱上这个队，并分享了通过看棒球比赛回忆与父亲共同度过的时光的经历。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据“My father grew up in the Windy City and loved this team his whole life. And I loved my dad. So I loved the Cubs too.”可知，作者喜欢Cubs队是因为他父亲喜欢这个乐队。故选D。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据“My father grew up in Chicago and loves the Cubs.”我父亲在芝加哥长大，喜欢Cubs队是背景信息，应该排在最前面；根据“We enjoyed the games a lot as father and son.”可知，描述作者和父亲一起享受看比赛的经历排在第二；根据“My father died twenty years ago.”可知，父亲去世的时间，应该排在第三；根据“I thought of my father when I watch the Cubs on TV.”可知，描述作者现在看比赛时会想起父亲，应该排在最后。因此，正确的顺序是cbd。故选B。 【21题详解】 主旨大意题。根据“When you are finding that your close relationships like friendship or family leave you feel empty, my advice is not to make your relationships more workable, but to have some ‘useless’ activities—like baseball.”以及文章最后一段的总结“If your relationships with friends and family are leaving you a little cold, maybe you can try some ‘useless’ things, developing a taste for baseball, or maybe opera, chess, or music.”可知，这些句子表明文章的主旨是强调一些看似“无用”的活动能够改善人们之间的关系。故选C。 C Wu Junhui, a 25-year-old game designer in Chengdu, loves his three parrots. Every day when he gets home, he lets them out, calls their names and watches them landing on his hands. He used to like cats but fell in love with birds after a friend gave him one. In China, bird-keeping was usually for the elderly in the past. But now more and more young people are keeping birds as pets. Parrots, especially parakeets and cockatiels, are the top choices. Cost is an important reason for this. On Taobao, a small parakeet costs as little as 40 yuan. Birds are also cheap to feed. Their food is usually a mix of corn, vegetables and fruits. “I used to spend about 1,500 yuan on a-three-month supply of food for my four cats, but a three-month bill for my three birds is less than 20 yuan,” said Wu. “It’s much cheaper than keeping cats.” Wu finds parrots to be his perfect friends. “If I let the birds out, they’ll always stay close to me,” he said. “They stand on my shoulder when I watch TV. When I’m feeling a little down, I stroke (轻抚) them, and that cheers me up.” ▲Parrots get sick easily because of their small size and fast metabolism (新陈代谢). What’s worse, vets (兽医) are often hard to find. Sun Huicong, a teacher in Foshan, knows this well. Earlier this year, his parrot “Facai” had difficulty laying an egg. The operation and trip to the vet in Guangzhou were costly and took time. But Sun was glad that Facai got better quickly after receiving help in time. After all, not all bird lovers can count on this. 22. What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A. What do parrots look like? B. Why did Wu Junhui like cats? C. How many cats did Wu Junhui keep? D. How much does Wu Junhui love parrots? 23. What does the underlined word “this” refer to in Paragraph 3? A. Only old people kept birds in the past. B. Parrots are the best choices for bird lovers. C. There are many kinds of birds in the market. D. Keeping birds are more and more popular with young people. 24. Which of the following can be the best to fill in“ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5? A. But owning birds also need some care. B. So owning birds is easy and interesting. C. So more people now choose to own birds. D. However, bird owners also have problems. 25. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Cats or birds B. Wu Junhui’s lovely parrots C. The ups and downs of keeping birds D. The cost advantage of having birds 【答案】22. D 23. D 24. A 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以吴俊辉和他的鹦鹉为例，探讨了养鸟在中国年轻人中的流行趋势、成本优势以及可能遇到的问题。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Wu Junhui, a 25-year-old game designer in Chengdu, loves his three parrots.”可知，这段内容主要讲述了吴俊辉对鹦鹉的喜爱程度。故选D。 【23题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“In China, bird-keeping was usually for the elderly in the past. But now more and more young people are keeping birds as pets.”和“Cost is an important reason for this.”可知，“this”指的是前一句提到的“越来越多的年轻人养鸟”这一趋势。故选D。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Parrots get sick easily because of their small size and fast metabolism. What’s worse, vets are often hard to find.”可知，鹦鹉因为体型小和代谢快容易生病，兽医很难找到。这暗示了养鸟虽然有其乐趣和成本优势，但也有一些问题。故选A。 【25题详解】 最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了养鸟的趋势、成本优势以及可能遇到的问题。所以选项C“The ups and downs of keeping birds”是最合适的题目。故选C。 D The subway train arrives at People’s Square Station during the morning rush. The doors open, and you head for the escalators (自动扶梯). You keep to the left and walk up the stairs, thinking you’ll save valuable seconds and get a little exercise. But experts have an agreement on this: You’re doing it wrong. Although you might get a small advantage, it comes at the cost of other people’s time and safety. Getting on an escalator two at a time and standing side by side is the better way. Escalator companies have long advised against walking on escalators for safety reasons. Passengers (乘客) should, instead, get on, hold on to the handrail and stay careful. And it can actually save time if all passengers stand two by two on escalators. In 2016, the London Underground ran an experiment at its busy Holborn Station. Some of the station’s escalators are 23 meters high. There were always long lines at the bottom, while much of the left side was unused. The researchers found that when 40% of the escalator passengers walked, the average time for the standers to get to the top floor was 138 seconds. For the walkers, it was 46 seconds. When everyone stood, the average time dropped to 59 seconds. For the walkers, that meant losing 13 seconds. But for the standers, it was a 79 second improvement. So, everyone should stand on escalators. Don’t walk, right? Yeah, but it takes a lot of luck for that to happen. Sam Schwartz used to be New York City’s traffic police. “In the US, at least, self-interest (自利) guides our behavior everywhere,” he said. “You can’t just tell people that everybody gets advantages if they all stand on the escalator and expect them to change their behavior.” 26. Why does the writer mention “People’s Square Station” at the beginning? A. To describe the escalators. B. To express care for the passengers. C. To introduce the rush hours of the station. D. To show a situation of walking on the escalators. 27. What is the right way when you board an escalator according to the experts? A. Keep to the left. B. Walk up the stairs. C. Stand side by side. D. Hold on to the two handrails. 28. What can we learn from the experiment at Holborn Station in 2016? A. There is no difference between walking and standing. B. It can save 59 seconds for standers when everyone stands. C Standing on the escalator can save more time than walking. D Walking on the escalator moves more quickly than standing. 29. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. We should try to walk on the escalator. B. It’s unlucky to see people walk on the escalator. C. Standing on the escalator is sometimes bad for us. D. It’s hard to ask Americans to stand on the escalator. 【答案】26. D 27. C 28. C 29. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了各地的自动扶梯。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章开头描述了在人民广场站早高峰时，人们出地铁后上自动扶梯，保持靠左然后走上楼梯这一具体场景。可知，作者通过呈现这样一个人们在自动扶梯上行走的日常状况，来引出后续关于在自动扶梯上行为方式的探讨内容。 故选D。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Although you might get a small advantage, it comes at the cost of other people’s time and safety. Getting on an escalator two at a time and standing side by side is the better way.”可知，专家认为乘坐自动扶梯更好的方式是一次两人并排站着，而不是人们通常的其他做法。 故选C。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据“when 40% of the escalator passengers walked, the average time for the standers to get to the top floor was 138 seconds. For the walkers, it was 46 seconds. When everyone stood, the average time dropped to 59 seconds.”可知，通过这些数据对比可以看出，当所有人都站着的时候，整体所用时间更短，更节省时间。 故选C。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据“In the US, at least, self-interest guides our behavior everywhere”以及“You can’t just tell people that everybody gets advantages if they all stand on the escalator and expect them to change their behavior.”可知，美国人的行为受自身利益驱动，很难通过讲道理让他们改变在自动扶梯上的行为习惯。 故选D。 三、词汇运用(本题有6小题，每小题1分； 共计6分) 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。 In Seattle, U. S. A., there is a special nursing home. People call it the Mount. It is ____30____ (不平常) because it is more than a nursing home. It has its own preschool, open every school day. This ____31____ (允许) the elderly to be in the same room with young people. The Mount hopes that this will make them feel better. Making friends with younger people is good for older people’s ____32____ (健康). It makes them happier. Children can also learn good lessons, such as how to get on with older people. At the Mount, older people have many ____33____ (机会) to spend time with children. They can join classes and take part in children’s daily activities. The two groups of people can also have ____34____ (乐趣) together when there are parties. These kinds of things really help. They make the Mount’s elders feel more alive. One old lady, for example, couldn’t speak ____35____ (清楚). After she spent some time in the baby room, she was able to say meaningful words. At the Mount, this touching story is one of many to be told. 【答案】30. unusual 31. allows 32. health 33. opportunities 34. fun 35. clearly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了位于美国西雅图的一个特别的养老院Mount，以及它如何通过提供与年轻人互动的机会来改善老年人的生活质量和健康状况。 【30题详解】 句意：它是不平常的，因为它不仅仅是一个养老院。根据“It is... because it is more than a nursing home.”和汉语提示可知，应填形容词来修饰后面的句子，unusual“不平常的”。故填unusual。 【31题详解】 句意：这允许老年人和年轻人共处一室。根据“This... the elderly to be in the same room with young people.”和汉语提示可知，此处应填动词，allow“允许”，主语This第三人称单数，动词变单三allows。故填allows。 【32题详解】 句意：和年轻人交朋友对老年人的健康有好处。根据“Making friends with younger people is good for older people’s....”和汉语提示可知，此处应填名词，health “健康”，不可数名词。故填health。 【33题详解】 句意：在山上，老年人有很多和孩子们相处的时间。根据“At the Mount, older people have many... to spend time with children.”可知，此处应填名词复数，opportunities “机会”，名词复数。故填opportunities。 【34题详解】 句意：当举行聚会时，这两组人也可以一起玩得开心。根据“The two groups of people can also have... together when there are parties.”和汉语提示可知，此处应填名词，fun “乐趣”，不可数名词，have fun“玩得高兴”。故填fun。 【35题详解】 句意：例如，有一位老太太，说话不清楚。根据“couldn’t speak...”和汉语提示可知，此处应填副词修饰动词speak，clearly “清楚地”。故填clearly。 四、语法填空(本题有8小题，每小题1分； 共计8分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 It was a warm and sunny day. I ____36____ (walk) along the street when I heard a loud sound. I hurried to see what had happened and found a car hit a boy. ____37____ boy was lying on the ground, bleeding (流血). People gathered around and didn’t know what ____38____ (do). Remembering my first aid training, I quickly took action. I checked the boy to see if he was hurt ____39____ (serious) and put a clean scarf on his head to stop the bleeding. I asked someone to call the hospital while I tried to keep the boy awake and told him that help was ____40____ the way. Time seemed to slow down as we waited for the doctors. Finally, the doctors arrived and checked him again. I felt a bit ____41____ (relax) as they took the boy away. It was a small act, ____42____ it could have made a huge difference in someone’s life. That day,I realized knowing first aid is ____43____ (important) than others in an accident. And we should always be helpful! 【答案】36. was walking 37. The 38. to do 39. seriously 40. on 41. relaxed 42. but 43. more important 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了作者在听到巨响后发现一个男孩被车撞伤，作者利用自己的急救知识对男孩进行了初步救助，并意识到掌握急救知识在事故中的重要性。 【36题详解】 句意：那是一个温暖而阳光明媚的日子。当我听到一声巨响时，我正沿着街道走着。根据“I...along the street when I heard a loud sound.”可知，when引导的时间状语从句，此处应用过去进行时。am walking“正在走”。故填was walking。 【37题详解】 句意：那个男孩躺在地上，流着血。根据“I hurried to see what had happened and found a car hit a boy...boy was lying on the ground, bleeding.”可知，此处指的是上文提到过的男孩，应用冠词the，句首首字母大写。故填The。 【38题详解】 句意：人们聚集在周围，不知道该怎么办。根据“People gathered around and didn't know what...”可知，what to do是不定式短语作宾语，表示“要做什么”。故填to do。 【39题详解】 句意：我检查了男孩，看他是否伤得很重，并在他头上放了一条干净的围巾来止血。根据“I checked the boy to see if he was hurt...”可知，此处应用副词修饰动词hurt。seriously “严重地”，副词。故填seriously。 【40题详解】 句意：我让某个人给医院打电话，同时我试着让男孩保持清醒，并告诉他救援正在路上。根据“I asked someone to call the hospital while I tried to keep the boy awake and told him that help was...the way.”可知，此处应用介词。on the way “在路上”。故填on。 【41题详解】 句意：当他们把男孩带走时，我感到有点放松。根据“I felt a bit...as they took the boy away.”可知，此处应用形容词，relaxed “轻松的”，形容词作表语。故填relaxed。 【42题详解】 句意：这是一件小事，但它可能会在某人的生活中产生巨大的影响。根据“It was a small act...it could have made a huge difference in someone’s life.”可知，此处应用连词，连接前后表转折，说明虽然是一件小事，但产生了巨大的影响。but “但是”，连词，表转折。故填but。 【43题详解】 句意：那天，我意识到在事故中掌握急救知识比其他的事情更重要。根据“I realized knowing first aid is...than others in an accident.”可知，此处应用比较级形式，说明掌握急救知识比其他的事情更重要。more important “更重要”。故填more important。 五、任务型阅读(本题有5小题，第44~47 题每小题1分，第48题3分； 共计7分) 阅读下面短文，从方框中所给的A~E五个选项中选择正确的选项(其中一项为多余选项)，将其序号填入1-4题，使短文意思连贯，并回答第5小题。 Last month, we held our school’s annual art festival. Today, we invited members of the student union to share something about the art festival. Could you tell us about the theme of this year’s school art festival? Of course. The theme of this art festival is“Infinite Creativity”. We encourage students to use their creativity and imagination and make their own artworks. ____44____ We have exhibitions of student paintings handicraft, making live music performances and plays. For example, classmates performed an English short play about the Ugly Duckling, showing the charm of English and plays. The most special part is that we have invited local artists to create artworks on site so that students can experience the beauty of art. ____45____ Thanks to the effort and creativity of the students, the school art festival turned out to be a success. Teachers and parents volunteered their time to help the performances. Children’s role The performers are the stars of the show. They spend hours practising their actions and language to act out the best show. The artists create wonderful artworks for the art festival. ____46____ The organizers plan the schedule (日程), communicate with the performers and artists, helping them to prepare. ____47____ They also help the performers with their needs. For example, they fetch water and carry equipment (设备) for them. A. What are the highlight activities at this art festival? B. How did the school art festival turn out to be a success? C. What do students and teachers do during the art festival? D. The volunteers offer students warm services and answer their questions. E. They carefully choose and mix the colors to the paintings with creativity. Which role would you like to play in the school art festival? Why? (约 20词) ____________________48____________________ 【答案】44. A 45. B 46. E 47. D 48. I would like to be a volunteer because I want to offer help and make the festival better. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。通过采访的形式描述了学校艺术节的活动内容、成功原因、参与者角色和志愿者服务等。 【44题详解】 根据“We have exhibitions of student paintings, handicrafts, live music performances and plays.”可知，此句列举了艺术节上的活动。选项A“本次艺术节的亮点活动是什么？”与之相符。故选A。 【45题详解】 根据“Thanks to the effort and creativity of the students, the school art festival turned out to be a success.”可知，此句说明了艺术节成功的原因。选项B“学校的艺术节是怎样成功的？”与之相符。故选B。 【46题详解】 根据“The artists create wonderful artworks for the art festival.”可知，此句提到了艺术家为艺术节创作艺术作品。选项E“他们精心选择并创造性地将颜色混合到绘画中。”与之相符。故选E。 【47题详解】 根据“They also help the performers with their needs. For example, they fetch water and carry equipment for them.”可知，此句提到了志愿者为表演者提供帮助。选项D“志愿者为学生提供热情的服务并回答他们的问题。”与之相符。故选D。 【48题详解】 开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为I would like to be a volunteer because I want to offer help and make the festival better. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024学年第一学期八年级人文(阅读) 素养试题卷 (202412) 英语 温馨提示：本卷共五大题，满分50分。请将答案填写在答题卷上。 一、完形填空(本题有15小题，每小题1分； 共计15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 It was the late 1980s. I was about three or four years old. My grandparents bought a computer for their restaurant. ____1____ the usual office software (软件), the machine could also run some simple games—a great ____2____ to me at that time. Nearly every Saturday, my parents would go to the restaurant for lunch and I would play on the computer if Grandma wasn’t using it for work. She often ____3____ me to play the games while I was there. Years later, my grandparents received another computer from my aunt after she moved to the U. S. They had no use for it, ____4____ they gave it to my parents. It became our family’s first home computer. It ____5____ with a monitor, a printer and lots of disks with all kinds of games and apps. This computer was very different from my grandparents’. I could ____6____ software for it. Grandma bought me a book on basic programming (编程). By then, she always made sure that I wasn’t ____7____ playing games on my computer. She often got me ____8____ apps to help me with my studies. Over time, I learned more about ____9____ computers work than Grandma did. Sometimes, Grandma would ask for ____10____ help when she had computer problems. Since I was ____11____ with my studies, I would sometimes complain (抱怨) about having to spend time fixing her computer. Now I really feel ____12____ for doing that to her. Today, I work for one of Canada’s largest tech companies. Without Grandma,I would not ____13____ programming or get this high-paying job. Last summer, I noticed that Grandma was having ____14____ with her computer after upgrading (更新) to Windows 11. Within minutes, I had everything ____15____ . Unlike my teenage self, I didn’t complain. I never will again. 1. A. For B. Like C. Besides D. Through 2. A. joy B. secret C. choice D. success 3 A. chose B. helped C. stopped D. encouraged 4. A. so B. or C. if D. but 5. A. opened B. shared C. covered D. arrived 6. A. pay B. keep C. develop D. prepare 7. A. even B. just C. almost D. already 8. A. useful B. strange C. difficult D. personal 9. A. why B. how C. when D. where 10. A. my B. her C. our D. their 11. A. busy B. bored C. pleased D. careful 12. A. tired B. sorry C. ready D. afraid 13 A. be good at B. be ready for C. be strict about D. be different from 14. A. lessons B. matches C. meetings D. problems 15. A. taken B. fixed C. closed D. passed 二、阅读理解(本题有14小题，每小题1分； 共计14分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A COLDPLAY, a famous British rock band, cares a lot about the Earth and has done a lot to protect the environment. For example, during their 2022 world tour, they encouraged their fans to travel to the shows by bus or subway. At the shows, the band set up special bikes and dance floors. The fans could produce electricity (电能) by riding the bikes or dancing on the floors. This year, Coldplay is still going green. Its tenth album, Moon Music, came out on October 4. The records (唱片) are made from plastic waste (塑料废弃物). Coldplay has worked with Ocean Cleanup to make these records. The group uses large fences and special boats to clean up plastic waste in rivers and oceans. It puts the fences in many different rivers. The fences let the water go but stop the waste. Coldplay offers funds to Ocean Cleanup’s work. What kind of plastic waste makes good records? The group uses PET, a kind of plastic. The plastic waste must be very clean. Ocean Cleanup collects it from the river Rio Las Vacas in North America. The plastic waste is sorted, mixed, tested and then used to make the records. These records sound good. Each record is about 140 grams heavy. One record comes from nine old PET plastic bottles. Usually, records produce lots of new plastic. The band has greatly cut this down! 16. What did Coldplay do to protect the environment? ①They set up special chairs and dance floors. ②They encouraged their fans to travel by bus or subway. ③They asked their fans to produce electricity at the show. ④They make their tenth album records with plastic waste. A. ②③④ B. ①③④ C. ①②④ D. ①②③ 17. What do Paragraphs 3&4 mainly tell us? A. Who offers funds to Ocean Cleanup's work? B. What kind of plastic waste makes good records? C. Why does the group collect plastic waste from rivers and oceans? D. How do Coldplay and Ocean Cleanup make records from plastic waste? 18. What’s the main purpose of the passage? A. To show love for Coldplay. B. To introduce Coldplay’s “green” records. C. To ask people to buy Coldplay’s new records. D. To tell the friendship of Coldplay and Ocean Cleanup. B Though I’ve never lived in Chicago, I have a special love for the baseball team— the Cubs. My father grew up in the Windy City and loved this team his whole life. And I loved my dad. So I loved the Cubs too. Twenty years after my father’s death, I am still a fan. Every time I watch t hr e cubs or television, I think of him and have a conversation with him in my head about the game. When you are finding that your close relationships (关系) like friendship or family leave you feel empty, my advice is not to make your relationships more workable, but to have some “useless” activities—like baseball. As for me, the team the Cubs brought me together with my dad, and that still brings me happy memories of the love between us long after his death. We had nothing to get as we watched them play, except for the satisfaction (满足) of enjoying the games together as father and son; a satisfaction that was much greater than it would be if we each watched alone. The Cubs were the “place” where we met to enjoy our relationship. Lots of sports fans have similar experiences. Experts have found that sports fans have a strong sense of belonging and meaning. And in one study of 900 people who played sports in the Netherlands, about 33% said that they “built their social networks, self-esteem (自尊) and trust through sport.” Sports are just one example. If your relationships with friends and family are leaving you a little cold, maybe you can try some “useless” things, developing a taste for baseball, or maybe opera, chess, or music. 19. Why does the writer love the Cubs? A. Because he once lived in Chicago. B. Because this team is very famous. C. Because he likes playing baseball. D. Because his father loved this team. 20. What is the correct order of the following activities? a. My father died twenty years ago. b. We enjoyed the games a lot as father and son. c. My father grew up in Chicago and loves the Cubs. d. I thought of my father when I watch the Cubs on TV. A. dcba B. cbd C. bacd D. cdba 21. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. Doing sports can bring people together. B. The love between father and son is always there. C. “Useless” activities can improve our relationships. D. Close relationships are really important in daily life. C Wu Junhui, a 25-year-old game designer in Chengdu, loves his three parrots. Every day when he gets home, he lets them out, calls their names and watches them landing on his hands. He used to like cats but fell in love with birds after a friend gave him one. In China, bird-keeping was usually for the elderly in the past. But now more and more young people are keeping birds as pets. Parrots, especially parakeets and cockatiels, are the top choices. Cost is an important reason for this. On Taobao, a small parakeet costs as little as 40 yuan. Birds are also cheap to feed. Their food is usually a mix of corn, vegetables and fruits. “I used to spend about 1,500 yuan on a-three-month supply of food for my four cats, but a three-month bill for my three birds is less than 20 yuan,” said Wu. “It’s much cheaper than keeping cats.” Wu finds parrots to be his perfect friends. “If I let the birds out they’ll always stay close to me,” he said. “They stand on my shoulder when I watch TV. When I’m feeling a little down, I stroke (轻抚) them, and that cheers me up.” ▲Parrots get sick easily because of their small size and fast metabolism (新陈代谢). What’s worse, vets (兽医) are often hard to find. Sun Huicong, a teacher in Foshan, knows this well. Earlier this year, his parrot “Facai” had difficulty laying an egg. The operation and trip to the vet in Guangzhou were costly and took time. But Sun was glad that Facai got better quickly after receiving help in time. After all, not all bird lovers can count on this. 22. What can we learn from Paragraph 1? A. What do parrots look like? B. Why did Wu Junhui like cats? C. How many cats did Wu Junhui keep? D. How much does Wu Junhui love parrots? 23. What does the underlined word “this” refer to in Paragraph 3? A. Only old people kept birds in the past. B. Parrots are the best choices for bird lovers. C. There are many kinds of birds in the market. D. Keeping birds are more and more popular with young people. 24. Which of the following can be the best to fill in“ ▲ ” in Paragraph 5? A. But owning birds also need some care. B. So owning birds is easy and interesting. C. So more people now choose to own birds. D. However, bird owners also have problems. 25. What’s the best title for this passage? A. Cats or birds B. Wu Junhui’s lovely parrots C. The ups and downs of keeping birds D. The cost advantage of having birds D The subway train arrives at People’s Square Station during the morning rush. The doors open, and you head for the escalators (自动扶梯). You keep to the left and walk up the stairs, thinking you’ll save valuable seconds and get a little exercise. But experts have an agreement on this: You’re doing it wrong. Although you might get a small advantage, it comes at the cost of other people’s time and safety. Getting on an escalator two at a time and standing side by side is the better way. Escalator companies have long advised against walking on escalators for safety reasons. Passengers (乘客) should, instead, get on, hold on to the handrail and stay careful. And it can actually save time if all passengers stand two by two on escalators. In 2016, the London Underground ran an experiment at its busy Holborn Station. Some of the station’s escalators are 23 meters high. There were always long lines at the bottom, while much of the left side was unused. The researchers found that when 40% of the escalator passengers walked, the average time for the standers to get to the top floor was 138 seconds. For the walkers, it was 46 seconds. When everyone stood, the average time dropped to 59 seconds. For the walkers, that meant losing 13 seconds. But for the standers, it was a 79 second improvement. So, everyone should stand on escalators. Don’t walk, right? Yeah, but it takes a lot of luck for that to happen. Sam Schwartz used to be New York City’s traffic police. “In the US, at least, self-interest (自利) guides our behavior everywhere,” he said. “You can’t just tell people that everybody gets advantages if they all stand on the escalator and expect them to change their behavior.” 26. Why does the writer mention “People’s Square Station” at the beginning? A. To describe the escalators. B. To express care for the passengers. C. To introduce the rush hours of the station. D. To show a situation of walking on the escalators. 27. What is the right way when you board an escalator according to the experts? A. Keep to the left. B. Walk up the stairs. C. Stand side by side. D. Hold on to the two handrails. 28. What can we learn from the experiment at Holborn Station in 2016? A There is no difference between walking and standing. B. It can save 59 seconds for standers when everyone stands. C. Standing on the escalator can save more time than walking. D. Walking on the escalator moves more quickly than standing. 29. What can we infer from the last paragraph? A. We should try to walk on the escalator. B. It’s unlucky to see people walk on the escalator. C. Standing on the escalator is sometimes bad for us. D. It’s hard to ask Americans to stand on the escalator. 三、词汇运用(本题有6小题，每小题1分； 共计6分) 阅读下面短文，然后根据括号内所给汉语意思写出单词的正确形式(每空一词)。 In Seattle, U. S. A., there is a special nursing home. People call it the Mount. It is ____30____ (不平常) because it is more than a nursing home. It has its own preschool, open every school day. This ____31____ (允许) the elderly to be in the same room with young people. The Mount hopes that this will make them feel better. Making friends with younger people is good for older people’s ____32____ (健康). It makes them happier. Children can also learn good lessons, such as how to get on with older people. At the Mount, older people have many ____33____ (机会) to spend time with children. They can join classes and take part in children’s daily activities. The two groups of people can also have ____34____ (乐趣) together when there are parties. These kinds of things really help. They make the Mount’s elders feel more alive. One old lady, for example, couldn’t speak ____35____ (清楚). After she spent some time in the baby room, she was able to say meaningful words. At the Mount, this touching story is one of many to be told. 四、语法填空(本题有8小题，每小题1分； 共计8分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 It was a warm and sunny day. I ____36____ (walk) along the street when I heard a loud sound. I hurried to see what had happened and found a car hit a boy. ____37____ boy was lying on the ground, bleeding (流血). People gathered around and didn’t know what ____38____ (do). Remembering my first aid training, I quickly took action. I checked the boy to see if he was hurt ____39____ (serious) and put a clean scarf on his head to stop the bleeding. I asked someone to call the hospital while I tried to keep the boy awake and told him that help was ____40____ the way. Time seemed to slow down as we waited for the doctors. Finally, the doctors arrived and checked him again. I felt a bit ____41____ (relax) as they took the boy away. It was a small act, ____42____ it could have made a huge difference in someone’s life. That day,I realized knowing first aid is ____43____ (important) than others in an accident. And we should always be helpful! 五、任务型阅读(本题有5小题，第44~47 题每小题1分，第48题3分； 共计7分) 阅读下面短文，从方框中所给的A~E五个选项中选择正确的选项(其中一项为多余选项)，将其序号填入1-4题，使短文意思连贯，并回答第5小题。 Last month, we held our school’s annual art festival. Today, we invited members of the student union to share something about the art festival. Could you tell us about the theme of this year’s school art festival? Of course. The theme of this art festival is“Infinite Creativity”. We encourage students to use their creativity and imagination and make their own artworks. ____44____ We have exhibitions of student paintings handicraft, making live music performances and plays. For example, classmates performed an English short play about the Ugly Duckling, showing the charm of English and plays. The most special part is that we have invited local artists to create artworks on site so that students can experience the beauty of art. ____45____ Thanks to the effort and creativity of the students, the school art festival turned out to be a success. Teachers and parents volunteered their time to help the performances. Children’s role The performers are the stars of the show. They spend hours practising their actions and language to act out the best show. The artists create wonderful artworks for the art festival. ____46____ The organizers plan the schedule (日程), communicate with the performers and artists, helping them to prepare. ____47____ They also help the performers with their needs. For example, they fetch water and carry equipment (设备) for them. A. What are the highlight activities at this art festival? B. How did the school art festival turn out to be a success? C. What do students and teachers do during the art festival? D The volunteers offer students warm services and answer their questions. E. They carefully choose and mix the colors to the paintings with creativity. Which role would you like to play in the school art festival? Why? (约 20词) ____________________48____________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$