第二部分 专题二 命题点 名词词义辨析-【一战成名新中考】2025陕西中考英语·一轮复习·精讲册（讲册）

精讲册·陕西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 专题二　 名词 命题点　 名词词义辨析 (必考,8 年 20 考;完形填空第二节:每年 1 ~ 4 道,2024 考查 1 道) 考点精讲 　 　 名词词义辨析主要考查的是名词语境辨析, 主要在完形填空(第二节)考查。 解答语境辨析 类试题,首先要明确各个名词的含义,然后分析 语境,找出关键词或者前后的逻辑关系,确定正 确答案,因此熟记各个名词的含义是解答此类试 题的关键。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 考点精练 完形填空(第二节) Cloze 1(2024 天津改编) Some artists are often not famous during their lifetime. Vincent van Gogh(梵高) was such a( n) 　 1 　 . People did not pay much attention to his 　 2　 . He began to think he was not a very good painter. But he did not give up painting. He was so interested in what he was painting that he did not want to stop. He would even forget to have 　 3　 ! At first, his paintings were dark. He used 　 4　 or charcoal(木炭) sticks to make them. Then he added color. He used lots of brown and dark green. Later, Vincent moved to 　 5　 . He wanted to learn from the artists who worked there. They were trying new 　 6 　 of painting. In France, Vincent began using bright 　 7　 . He used oil paints(油画 颜料 ) to create his art. He painted both the countryside and people. Vincent also painted self-portraits(自画像). He created more than 20 portraits of himself! And he completed more than 2, 000 paintings in his 　 8　 . Vincent van Gogh􀆳s life is a very sad story. During his ten hard years as an artist, he had only sold one painting. In the end, however, it was Van Gogh􀆳s ability to show his 　 9　 through his art that made him world-famous. His paintings sell for a lot of 　 10　 today. ( B )1. A. inventor B. artist C. musician D. poet ( B )2. A. trips B. paintings C. villages D. songs ( C )3. A. minds B. steps C. meals D. habits ( A )4. A. pencils B. erasers C. rulers D. dictionaries ( D )5. A. China B. America C. England D. France ( C )6. A. facts B. stories C. ways D. reports ( D )7. A. books B. photos C. clothes D. colors ( A )8. A. life B. race C. sense D. day ( D )9. A. pride B. fear C. courage D. sadness ( B )10. A. effort B. money C. hope D. doubt Cloze 2 David always complained(抱怨)to his mother. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 401 精讲册·陕西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 He thought 　 1 　 was too hard. He didn􀆳t know how to make it and wanted to give up. David􀆳s mother took him to the 　 2 　 . She filled three pots with 　 3　 and put each on a big fire. Soon the water started to boil. In the first she put carrots, in the second she put eggs, and in the last she put coffee powder ( 粉末). She watched them boil without saying a 　 4　 . David didn􀆳t know what she was doing. In about 20 　 5　 , she turned off the fire. She took the carrots and eggs out and put them on different plates. Then she poured the coffee into a 　 6 　 . She asked, “David, what do you see?” “Carrots, eggs, and coffee. ” he answered. She asked David to touch the carrots. He found that they were soft. She then asked him to take an egg and break it. He saw a hard-boiled egg after taking off the shell. Finally, she asked him to taste the 　 7　 . Its rich and nice smell brought a 　 8　 to his face. Each of them went through the boiling water, but each reacted ( 反应) differently. The carrot was strong and hard at first, but it became soft and weak. The egg was weak. But after going through the boiling water, its 　 9 　 became hard. The coffee powder changed the water and created something new. “Which are you?” she asked David. “ When 　 10　 comes to you, are you a carrot, an egg, or the coffee powder?” ( B )1. A. power B. life C. money D. time ( D )2. A. garden B. bedroom C. bathroom D. kitchen ( B )3. A. juice B. water C. milk D. tea ( A )4. A. word B. voice C. song D. story ( C )5. A. seconds B. days C. minutes D. hours ( C )6. A. bag B. basket C. cup D. box ( D )7. A. carrots B. beans C. eggs D. coffee ( B )8. A. message B. smile C. result D. chance ( D )9. A. front B. back C. outside D. inside ( A )10. A. trouble B. noise C. health D. luck Cloze 3 When eating out, people want to have a great experience. It means that they expect not only nice 　 1 　 but also considerate ( 考 虑 周 到 的 ) atmosphere in the 　 2 　 . One thing people shouldn􀆳t do at a table is talking on a mobile phone. Such 　 3　 is thought to be impolite to the people around you. It is very necessary to use good manners in the restaurant, including the people who are serving you. Always say “please” and “ thank you” to the servers. These simple 　 4 　 can improve the service. Table 　 5 　 are important, too. Keep your elbows(肘部) off the table when you are eating. Always chew ( 咀嚼) your food with your 　 6 　 closed. If you want to say something, finishing what􀆳s in your mouth before speaking up. It is not OK to talk with your mouth full. Kids should not get up and run around the 　 7　 in the restaurant. They should stay in their seat during the 　 8　 : Make sure they don􀆳t make noise or cause trouble to other people. Being polite in the restaurant helps everyone 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 501 精讲册·陕西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 have a good 　 9　 . As long as people show 　 10　 for others, everyone will have fun eating. ( B )1. A. advice B. food C. music D. health ( C )2. A. library B. hospital C. restaurant D. bank ( A )3. A. action B. fact C. game D. plan ( D )4. A. decisions B. rules C. feelings D. words ( D )5. A. standards B. hobbies C. habits D. manners ( C )6. A. eyes B. ears C. mouth D. nose ( C )7. A. streets B. plates C. tables D. floors ( A )8. A. meal B. class C. trip D. rest ( B )9. A. choice B. time C. luck D. life ( B )10. A. result B. respect C. research D. happiness 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 ★专项提升　 名词(短语)填空———针对完成句子和短文填空 (完成句子:8 年 13 考;短文填空:8 年 20 考) 【知识必备】名词的位置及其常见的句法功能 句法功能 位置 例句 作主语 句首 English is my favorite subject. 作宾语 动词后 She bought a new dress. 介词后 The kid is smiling at his mother. 作表语 系动词后 Thomas Edison was a great inventor. 作定语 名词前 We are discussing the population problem. 作同位语 名词(短语)或代词后 Mr. Wang, our English teacher, is very knowledgeable. 作宾语补足语 名词(短语)或代词后 She found him a very good pupil. 考点精讲 　 　 名词(短语)填空主要在完成句子和短文填 空中考查,考向包括: ▶完成句子: ①可数名词复数(8 年 5 考); ②不可数名词(8 年 2 考); ③名词短语(8 年 6 考),主要考查“形容词 +名 词”,“名词+名词”只考过 1 次 ▶短文填空: ①可数名词→复数(8 年 7 考); ②名词→名词所有格(每年 1 道); ③名词的词性转换,主要考查名词→形容词 / 相 应形容词的反义词(8 年 5 考); ④名词原形。 完成句子题需先根据英汉对比确定所填词 是否为名词(短语),如果所填词是名词(短语), 则根据以下方法判定所填名词(短语) 的正确 形式。 短文填空题需先根据空格前后句子结构判 断空格处是否填名词,如果填名词,再根据句意 选出所填名词,最后根据以下方法判定应填名词 的哪种正确形式。 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 601 参考答案·陕西英语 精 讲 册 7. reported　 8. is known　 9. no doubt　 10. Without doubt 11. to drive　 12. to talk with　 13. drinking 九年级(全) Units 7~ 8 1. to tell 　 2. spending　 3. To my regret 　 4. manager 　 5. management 　 6. to finish 　 7. manage a company 　 8. ①taking part in　 ②attend　 ③join　 ④join in　 9. take part in / join in　 10. join in　 11. ①asleep　 ②slept ③sleepy　 ④sleeping　 12. being　 13. from 九年级(全) Units 9~ 10 1. cooking 　 2. rather than 　 3. to face 　 4. supposed 　 5. to be　 6. to knock on　 7. visiting　 8. is worth 9. worthy of　 10. worth a try / worthy of trying　 11. helpful 12. impolite 　 13. to give 　 14. of 　 15. for 　 16. It 　 17. besides English　 18. Besides　 19. ①except　 ②but　 ③except for 九年级(全) Units 11~ 12 1. know 　 2. beautiful 　 3. understood 　 4. to reduce 　 5. would rather 　 6. write emails 　 7. ①living 　 ②live 　 ③lively　 ④alive　 ⑤lively; lives; living ⑥live; living　 8. ①lived　 ②living　 ③lively 九年级(全) Units 13~ 14 1. afford them　 2. to provide　 3. from　 4. into 5. separate me from　 6. separated from　 7. be divided　 8. second　 9. got / gotten 　 10. for class / to have class 　 11. to return 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 第二部分　 语法专题精讲练 专题一 动词 命题点 1　 动词词义辨析 Ⅰ. 1. B　 2. A　 3. D　 4. C　 5. C　 6. B　 7. C　 8. D Ⅱ. 1. cut 　 2. build 　 3. offer 　 4. develop 　 5. sold 　 6. sitting　 7. hopes　 8. argued　 9. forget　 10. win Ⅲ. 1. C 　 2. B 　 3. C 　 4. A 　 5. B 　 6. B 　 7. C 　 8. A　 9. D　 10. B 命题点 2　 动词词组 Ⅰ. 1. B　 2. A　 3. B 　 4. D 　 5. B 　 6. A 　 7. C 　 8. B　 9. C　 10. B　 11. C　 12. A　 13. B　 14. D　 15. C　 16. D　 17. B　 18. A　 19. C　 20. B Ⅱ. 1. wash (her) hair　 2. go climbing / climb the mountain(s)　 3. make a plan / make plans / plan ( well) 　 4. change your mind　 5. take notes　 6. play chess　 7. make your own decision(s) / make decision(s) by yourself 8. return / come back / fly back　 9. belong to 10. wait for　 11. put off　 12. look up　 13. deal with 14. turn off　 15. say proudly / proudly say　 16. held for the first time / firstly held / held firstly　 17. Learn wisely 18. rose slowly　 19. feel soft　 20. taste delicious 命题点 3　 情态动词 Ⅰ. 1. A　 2. A　 3. B　 4. C　 5. C Ⅱ. 1. It can􀆳t be her 　 2. must / have to 　 3. Can / May I help you　 4. It must be hers 　 5. ( Sorry,) I􀆳m afraid I can􀆳t 命题点 4　 动词的时态 Ⅰ. 1. plant　 2. has studied　 3. went　 4. will become　 5. are eating　 6. was practising　 7. travels 8. realized　 9. is crying　 10. was cooking Ⅱ. 1. preferred　 2. helping　 3. lay　 4. enjoyed 5. changes　 6. sticks Ⅲ. 1. feel lonely　 2. were doing / trying their best　 3. are making a mess　 4. will give away　 5. have taken place Ⅳ. 1. B 　 2. A 　 3. A 　 4. B 　 5. C 　 6. C 　 7. B 　 8. B　 9. C　 10. D Ⅴ. 1. looks　 2. taught　 3. gets　 4. cooking 5. enjoys　 6. takes　 7. fallen　 8. walking　 9. keep 10. hope 命题点 5　 动词的语态 Ⅰ. 1. solved　 2. needed　 3. divided　 4. stolen　 5. sells Ⅱ. 1. is known as　 2. was given to　 3. will be set up　 4. are sold out　 5. widely used Ⅲ. 1. B　 2. A　 3. C 　 4. B 　 5. D 　 6. C 　 7. A 　 8. D　 9. C　 10. B Ⅳ. 1. said　 2. called　 3. opened　 4. made　 5. closed　 6. invented 　 7. used 　 8. brushed 　 9. introduced 　 10. added 命题点 6　 主谓一致 Ⅰ. 1. is　 2. rides　 3. was　 4. puts　 5. is Ⅱ. 1. look forward to　 2. is doing experiments　 3. am tired of　 4. is covered by　 5. were watching TV 6. is necessary 命题点 7　 非谓语动词 Ⅰ. 1. come　 2. throw　 3. protect　 4. take　 5. missing　 6. Compared　 7. wear　 8. Walking　 9. do　 10. laugh Ⅱ. 1. making mistakes　 2. To keep healthy　 3. Learning from　 4. to taste　 5. depend on Ⅲ. 1. D　 2. B 　 3. D 　 4. C 　 5. A 　 6. B 　 7. B 　 8. D　 9. A　 10. D Ⅳ. 1. find　 2. Knowing　 3. saying　 4. finish　 5. express 6. go　 7. used　 8. remember　 9. ask　 10. help 专项提升　 动词(词组)填空———针对完成句子和短文填空 Ⅰ. 1. planted　 2. learned / learnt　 3. helps　 4. preparing 5. taught　 6. face　 7. develop　 8. reading　 9. leader 10. invention Ⅱ. 1. developed quickly　 2. been able to　 3. listening to music　 4. grown up　 5. practice speaking　 6. protect the environment 　 7. go over 　 8. help her students 　 9. have a good time / spend a good time　 10. praised Ⅲ. Passage 1　 1. finishing　 2. meeting　 3. took 4. supported　 5. set　 6. exciting　 7. make 8. decisions　 9. offer　 10. give Passage 2　 1. changed　 2. speak　 3. Hoping　 4. dug 5. tried　 6. swimming　 7. dreamed / dreamt　 8. bear 9. meet　 10. become Passage 3　 1. provided 　 2. watched 　 3. shocked 　 4. learning　 5. requires　 6. repeat　 7. telling 8. understand　 9. put　 10. continue 专题二　 名词 命题点　 名词词义辨析 Cloze 1　 1. B　 2. B　 3. C　 4. A　 5. D　 6. C 7. D　 8. A　 9. D　 10. B Cloze 2　 1. B　 2. D　 3. B　 4. A　 5. C　 6. C 7. D　 8. B　 9. D　 10. A Cloze 3　 1. B　 2. C　 3. A　 4. D　 5. D　 6. C 7. C　 8. A　 9. B　 10. B 专项提升　 名词(短语)填空———针对完成句子和短文填空 Ⅰ. 1. Germans 　 2. hours􀆳 　 3. countries 　 4. endless 　 5. natural 　 6. leaves 　 7. policemen 　 8. advice 　 9. children　 10. sunny　 11. personal　 12. stomachs　 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 61