第二部分 专题一 命题点3 情态动词-【一战成名新中考】2025陕西中考英语·一轮复习·精讲册(讲册)

2025-01-23
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精讲册·陕西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 命题点 3  情态动词 (8 年 5 考;完形填空第一节:8 年 3 考;完形填空第二节:8 年 1 考,2022. 40;短文填空:8 年 1 考,2019. 70) 考点精讲 情态动词有一定的词义,但是不能独立作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。 情态动词一般 没有人称和数的变化。 情态动词主要在完形中考查,考查情态动词的基本用法和时态辨析;短文填空中考查过 1 次 can 变为过去式 could(2019. 70)。 考向 1  情态动词的基本用法(8 年 5 考) 1. can, can􀆳t, could与 couldn􀆳t 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 can (8 年 2 考) 表示能力,意为“能,会”。 Jim can sing songs. 表示请求、允许,意为“可以”。 Can I play basketball now? can􀆳t 表示能力,意为“不能,不会”。 I can􀆳t dance. 用于回答表示请求的句子,意为“不可以,不 允许”。 —May I play volleyball now? —No, you can􀆳t. could (2023. 23) can 的过去式,意为“能,会”,表示过去的 能力。 Lily could swim at the age of 5. 在疑问句中表示委婉的请求。 Could you tell me the way to the post office? couldn􀆳t (2017. 22) can􀆳t 的过去式,意为“不能,不会”。 I couldn􀆳t hear what they were saying. 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂          易错点     回答以 could 引出的一般疑问句时,用 can,不用 could。 如: —Could I use your mobile phone? —Yes, you can. / No, you can􀆳t. 2. must, mustn􀆳t, have to 与 need 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 must 表示主观看法,意为“必须,一定”。 I must work hard. mustn􀆳t 意为“一定不要,禁止”。 You mustn􀆳t talk in the library. have to 意为“不得不,必须”,多表示客观必要。 I have to get up early tomorrow. need 作情态动词,意为“需要”,常用于否定句和疑问句 中。 其否定式 needn􀆳t 意为 “ 不必”,常用于回答 must 的提问。 Need you leave so early? Alex needn􀆳t attend the meeting. 87 精讲册·陕西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂          易错点     ①must 与 have to 的肯定形式含义接近,但是否定形式含义完全不同,mustn􀆳t 意为“禁止”,do / does / did not have to 意为“不必”,相当于 needn􀆳t。 如: You mustn􀆳t go across the road when the traffic lights are red. You don􀆳t have to / needn􀆳t return the book to me this week. ②由 must 引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用 must;否定回答常用 needn􀆳t / don􀆳t have to / doesn􀆳t have to / didn􀆳t have to。 如: —Must I hand in my homework this afternoon? —Yes, you must. / No, you needn􀆳t / don􀆳t have to. ③由 need 引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 must,否定回答用 needn􀆳t。 如: —Need I do the work at once? —Yes, you must. / No, you needn􀆳t. 3. may 与 might 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 may 表示请求、许可,意为“可以”。 May I speak to Amy? might may 的过去式,表示请求、许可,语气比 may 更委婉。 Might I ask you a question? 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂          易错点     由 may 或 might 引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 may / can;否定回答用 can􀆳t / mustn􀆳t。 如: —May / Might I sit here? —Yes, you may / can. / No, you can􀆳t / mustn􀆳t. 4. should, shouldn􀆳t, shall, will, would与 had better 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 should (2018. 30) 意为“应该”,表示要求和命令,也可以表 示劝告或建议。 You should come to school on time. should 表示征求意见,常用于疑问句中。 Should I leave at 7:00 p. m. ? shouldn􀆳t 意为“不应该”。 We shouldn􀆳t waste water. shall 常用于疑问句,多用于第一、三人称,表示 请求或征求对方的意见。 Shall we go to the zoo? will 表示意愿或请求,用在疑问句中,常用于 第二人称。 Will you please pass the book to me? would 表示建议、请求或个人意愿,表示建议时, 语气较委婉。 Would you please help me with my maths? had better 意为“最好”,没有人称和数的变化,常缩 写为-􀆳d better。 You􀆳d better come back early today. 97 精讲册·陕西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 考向 2  情态动词表推测的用法 情态动词表推测时,依据可能性的大小排序为:must>could>may>might>may not>can􀆳t。 具体用 法如下: 情态动词 含义及用法 例句 must 表示非常有把握的肯定推测,100%的可能性,意 为“一定,肯定”。 It must be raining outside. My father􀆳s clothes are so wet. could 表示肯定推测,意为“有可能,也许(20% ~ 80% 可能性)”。 The camera could be Anna􀆳s because she likes taking photos. may 表示把握不大的肯定推测, 意为 “ 有可能, 也 许”。 John may come back at 5:00 p. m. might 表示没有把握的肯定推测, 意为 “ 有可能, 也 许”,可能性低于 may,语气缓和,较委婉。 The pencil might be Bob􀆳s. may not 表示把握不大的否定推测,意为“可能不”。 Mandy may not come tonight. can􀆳t 表示十分有把握的否定推测,意为“一定不,不可 能”。 可能性几乎为零。 He can􀆳t be having a meeting. I saw him just now. 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂          易错点     表示非常有把握的肯定推测时要用 must,但表示非常有把握的否定推测时只能用 can􀆳t,不能用 mustn􀆳t。 因为 mustn􀆳t 不用于否定推测,它表示“禁止;不允许;一定不要”。 考点精练 Ⅰ. 完形填空微语段 1. (2024 江苏)Modern medicine is developing quickly and now most eye problems         be cured. A. can B. must C. should D. need 2. (2024 天津)It         be the only way to solve the problem. There are other choices. A. may not B. mustn􀆳t C. need D. should 3. (2024 长春)Lili         be at home. She has gone to the farm to pick apples. A. mustn􀆳t B. can􀆳t C. must D. can 4. My mother is very strict with me and she tells me I         be out after 8:00 in the evening. A. needn􀆳t B. don􀆳t have to C. can􀆳t D. won􀆳t 5. According to the local rule, children under the age of 12         ride a shared bicycle. A. can􀆳t B. needn􀆳t C. mustn􀆳t D. may not Ⅱ. 补全对话(用恰当的情态动词或含有情态动 词的短语或句子填空) 1. (2024 河北)A: Look! Is that girl Alice? B: No.                 . She is on a tour in Beijing now. 2. A: I􀆳m going climbing on Sunday. Would you like to go with me? B: I􀆳d like to, but I                 do some housework. 3. A:                 ? B: Yes, please. I want to buy a book for my friend as a birthday gift. 4. A: Does the sports watch belong to Mary? B:                 . She is the only one who wears the sports watch in our class. 5. A: Would you like to visit Xi􀆳an Jiaotong University tomorrow? B:                 . I􀆳ll go to the countryside to visit my grandparents. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 08 参考答案·陕西英语 精 讲 册 7. reported  8. is known  9. no doubt  10. Without doubt 11. to drive  12. to talk with  13. drinking 九年级(全) Units 7~ 8 1. to tell   2. spending  3. To my regret   4. manager   5. management   6. to finish   7. manage a company   8. ①taking part in  ②attend  ③join  ④join in  9. take part in / join in  10. join in  11. ①asleep  ②slept ③sleepy  ④sleeping  12. being  13. from 九年级(全) Units 9~ 10 1. cooking   2. rather than   3. to face   4. supposed   5. to be  6. to knock on  7. visiting  8. is worth 9. worthy of  10. worth a try / worthy of trying  11. helpful 12. impolite   13. to give   14. of   15. for   16. It   17. besides English  18. Besides  19. ①except  ②but  ③except for 九年级(全) Units 11~ 12 1. know   2. beautiful   3. understood   4. to reduce   5. would rather   6. write emails   7. ①living   ②live   ③lively  ④alive  ⑤lively; lives; living ⑥live; living  8. ①lived  ②living  ③lively 九年级(全) Units 13~ 14 1. afford them  2. to provide  3. from  4. into 5. separate me from  6. separated from  7. be divided  8. second  9. got / gotten   10. for class / to have class   11. to return 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 第二部分  语法专题精讲练 专题一 动词 命题点 1  动词词义辨析 Ⅰ. 1. B  2. A  3. D  4. C  5. C  6. B  7. C  8. D Ⅱ. 1. cut   2. build   3. offer   4. develop   5. sold   6. sitting  7. hopes  8. argued  9. forget  10. win Ⅲ. 1. C   2. B   3. C   4. A   5. B   6. B   7. C   8. A  9. D  10. B 命题点 2  动词词组 Ⅰ. 1. B  2. A  3. B   4. D   5. B   6. A   7. C   8. B  9. C  10. B  11. C  12. A  13. B  14. D  15. C  16. D  17. B  18. A  19. C  20. B Ⅱ. 1. wash (her) hair  2. go climbing / climb the mountain(s)  3. make a plan / make plans / plan ( well)   4. change your mind  5. take notes  6. play chess  7. make your own decision(s) / make decision(s) by yourself 8. return / come back / fly back  9. belong to 10. wait for  11. put off  12. look up  13. deal with 14. turn off  15. say proudly / proudly say  16. held for the first time / firstly held / held firstly  17. Learn wisely 18. rose slowly  19. feel soft  20. taste delicious 命题点 3  情态动词 Ⅰ. 1. A  2. A  3. B  4. C  5. C Ⅱ. 1. It can􀆳t be her   2. must / have to   3. Can / May I help you  4. It must be hers   5. ( Sorry,) I􀆳m afraid I can􀆳t 命题点 4  动词的时态 Ⅰ. 1. plant  2. has studied  3. went  4. will become  5. are eating  6. was practising  7. travels 8. realized  9. is crying  10. was cooking Ⅱ. 1. preferred  2. helping  3. lay  4. enjoyed 5. changes  6. sticks Ⅲ. 1. feel lonely  2. were doing / trying their best  3. are making a mess  4. will give away  5. have taken place Ⅳ. 1. B   2. A   3. A   4. B   5. C   6. C   7. B   8. B  9. C  10. D Ⅴ. 1. looks  2. taught  3. gets  4. cooking 5. enjoys  6. takes  7. fallen  8. walking  9. keep 10. hope 命题点 5  动词的语态 Ⅰ. 1. solved  2. needed  3. divided  4. stolen  5. sells Ⅱ. 1. is known as  2. was given to  3. will be set up  4. are sold out  5. widely used Ⅲ. 1. B  2. A  3. C   4. B   5. D   6. C   7. A   8. D  9. C  10. B Ⅳ. 1. said  2. called  3. opened  4. made  5. closed  6. invented   7. used   8. brushed   9. introduced   10. added 命题点 6  主谓一致 Ⅰ. 1. is  2. rides  3. was  4. puts  5. is Ⅱ. 1. look forward to  2. is doing experiments  3. am tired of  4. is covered by  5. were watching TV 6. is necessary 命题点 7  非谓语动词 Ⅰ. 1. come  2. throw  3. protect  4. take  5. missing  6. Compared  7. wear  8. Walking  9. do  10. laugh Ⅱ. 1. making mistakes  2. To keep healthy  3. Learning from  4. to taste  5. depend on Ⅲ. 1. D  2. B   3. D   4. C   5. A   6. B   7. B   8. D  9. A  10. D Ⅳ. 1. find  2. Knowing  3. saying  4. finish  5. express 6. go  7. used  8. remember  9. ask  10. help 专项提升  动词(词组)填空———针对完成句子和短文填空 Ⅰ. 1. planted  2. learned / learnt  3. helps  4. preparing 5. taught  6. face  7. develop  8. reading  9. leader 10. invention Ⅱ. 1. developed quickly  2. been able to  3. listening to music  4. grown up  5. practice speaking  6. protect the environment   7. go over   8. help her students   9. have a good time / spend a good time  10. praised Ⅲ. Passage 1  1. finishing  2. meeting  3. took 4. supported  5. set  6. exciting  7. make 8. decisions  9. offer  10. give Passage 2  1. changed  2. speak  3. Hoping  4. dug 5. tried  6. swimming  7. dreamed / dreamt  8. bear 9. meet  10. become Passage 3  1. provided   2. watched   3. shocked   4. learning  5. requires  6. repeat  7. telling 8. understand  9. put  10. continue 专题二  名词 命题点  名词词义辨析 Cloze 1  1. B  2. B  3. C  4. A  5. D  6. C 7. D  8. A  9. D  10. B Cloze 2  1. B  2. D  3. B  4. A  5. C  6. C 7. D  8. B  9. D  10. A Cloze 3  1. B  2. C  3. A  4. D  5. D  6. C 7. C  8. A  9. B  10. B 专项提升  名词(短语)填空———针对完成句子和短文填空 Ⅰ. 1. Germans   2. hours􀆳   3. countries   4. endless   5. natural   6. leaves   7. policemen   8. advice   9. children  10. sunny  11. personal  12. stomachs  􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 61

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第二部分 专题一 命题点3 情态动词-【一战成名新中考】2025陕西中考英语·一轮复习·精讲册(讲册)
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