内容正文:
精讲册·陕西英语
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
命题点 3 情态动词
(8 年 5 考;完形填空第一节:8 年 3 考;完形填空第二节:8 年 1 考,2022. 40;短文填空:8 年 1 考,2019. 70)
考点精讲
情态动词有一定的词义,但是不能独立作谓语,只能和动词原形一起构成谓语。 情态动词一般
没有人称和数的变化。
情态动词主要在完形中考查,考查情态动词的基本用法和时态辨析;短文填空中考查过 1 次 can
变为过去式 could(2019. 70)。
考向 1 情态动词的基本用法(8 年 5 考)
1.
can,
cant,
could与 couldnt
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
can
(8 年 2 考)
表示能力,意为“能,会”。 Jim
can
sing
songs.
表示请求、允许,意为“可以”。 Can
I
play
basketball
now?
cant
表示能力,意为“不能,不会”。 I
cant
dance.
用于回答表示请求的句子,意为“不可以,不
允许”。
—May
I
play
volleyball
now?
—No,
you
cant.
could
(2023. 23)
can 的过去式,意为“能,会”,表示过去的
能力。
Lily
could
swim
at
the
age
of
5.
在疑问句中表示委婉的请求。 Could
you
tell
me
the
way
to
the
post
office?
couldnt
(2017. 22)
cant 的过去式,意为“不能,不会”。 I
couldnt
hear
what
they
were
saying.
易错点
回答以 could 引出的一般疑问句时,用 can,不用 could。 如:
—Could
I
use
your
mobile
phone?
—Yes,
you
can. /
No,
you
cant.
2.
must,
mustnt,
have
to 与 need
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
must 表示主观看法,意为“必须,一定”。 I
must
work
hard.
mustnt 意为“一定不要,禁止”。 You
mustnt
talk
in
the
library.
have
to 意为“不得不,必须”,多表示客观必要。 I
have
to
get
up
early
tomorrow.
need
作情态动词,意为“需要”,常用于否定句和疑问句
中。 其否定式 neednt 意为 “ 不必”,常用于回答
must 的提问。
Need
you
leave
so
early?
Alex
neednt
attend
the
meeting.
87
精讲册·陕西英语
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
易错点
①must 与 have
to 的肯定形式含义接近,但是否定形式含义完全不同,mustnt 意为“禁止”,do / does /
did
not
have
to 意为“不必”,相当于 neednt。 如:
You
mustnt
go
across
the
road
when
the
traffic
lights
are
red.
You
dont
have
to /
neednt
return
the
book
to
me
this
week.
②由 must 引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用 must;否定回答常用 neednt /
dont
have
to /
doesnt
have
to /
didnt
have
to。 如:
—Must
I
hand
in
my
homework
this
afternoon?
—Yes,
you
must. /
No,
you
neednt /
dont
have
to.
③由 need 引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 must,否定回答用 neednt。 如:
—Need
I
do
the
work
at
once?
—Yes,
you
must. /
No,
you
neednt.
3.
may 与 might
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
may 表示请求、许可,意为“可以”。 May
I
speak
to
Amy?
might may 的过去式,表示请求、许可,语气比 may 更委婉。 Might
I
ask
you
a
question?
易错点
由 may 或 might 引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 may / can;否定回答用 cant / mustnt。 如:
—May / Might
I
sit
here?
—Yes,
you
may / can. /
No,
you
cant / mustnt.
4.
should,
shouldnt,
shall,
will,
would与 had
better
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
should
(2018. 30)
意为“应该”,表示要求和命令,也可以表
示劝告或建议。
You
should
come
to
school
on
time.
should 表示征求意见,常用于疑问句中。 Should
I
leave
at
7:00
p. m. ?
shouldnt 意为“不应该”。 We
shouldnt
waste
water.
shall
常用于疑问句,多用于第一、三人称,表示
请求或征求对方的意见。
Shall
we
go
to
the
zoo?
will
表示意愿或请求,用在疑问句中,常用于
第二人称。
Will
you
please
pass
the
book
to
me?
would
表示建议、请求或个人意愿,表示建议时,
语气较委婉。
Would
you
please
help
me
with
my
maths?
had
better
意为“最好”,没有人称和数的变化,常缩
写为-d
better。
Youd
better
come
back
early
today.
97
精讲册·陕西英语
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
考向 2 情态动词表推测的用法
情态动词表推测时,依据可能性的大小排序为:must>could>may>might>may
not>cant。 具体用
法如下:
情态动词 含义及用法 例句
must
表示非常有把握的肯定推测,100%的可能性,意
为“一定,肯定”。
It
must
be
raining
outside.
My
fathers
clothes
are
so
wet.
could
表示肯定推测,意为“有可能,也许(20% ~ 80%
可能性)”。
The
camera
could
be
Annas
because
she
likes
taking
photos.
may
表示把握不大的肯定推测, 意为 “ 有可能, 也
许”。
John
may
come
back
at
5:00
p. m.
might
表示没有把握的肯定推测, 意为 “ 有可能, 也
许”,可能性低于 may,语气缓和,较委婉。
The
pencil
might
be
Bobs.
may
not 表示把握不大的否定推测,意为“可能不”。 Mandy
may
not
come
tonight.
cant
表示十分有把握的否定推测,意为“一定不,不可
能”。 可能性几乎为零。
He
cant
be
having
a
meeting.
I
saw
him
just
now.
易错点
表示非常有把握的肯定推测时要用 must,但表示非常有把握的否定推测时只能用 cant,不能用 mustnt。
因为 mustnt 不用于否定推测,它表示“禁止;不允许;一定不要”。
考点精练
Ⅰ.
完形填空微语段
1.
(2024 江苏)Modern
medicine
is
developing
quickly
and
now
most
eye
problems
be
cured.
A.
can B.
must C.
should D.
need
2.
(2024 天津)It
be
the
only
way
to
solve
the
problem.
There
are
other
choices.
A.
may
not B.
mustnt C.
need D.
should
3.
(2024 长春)Lili
be
at
home.
She
has
gone
to
the
farm
to
pick
apples.
A.
mustnt B.
cant C.
must D.
can
4.
My
mother
is
very
strict
with
me
and
she
tells
me
I
be
out
after
8:00
in
the
evening.
A.
neednt B.
dont
have
to
C.
cant D.
wont
5.
According
to
the
local
rule,
children
under
the
age
of
12
ride
a
shared
bicycle.
A.
cant B.
neednt
C.
mustnt D.
may
not
Ⅱ.
补全对话(用恰当的情态动词或含有情态动
词的短语或句子填空)
1.
(2024 河北)A:
Look!
Is
that
girl
Alice?
B:
No.
.
She
is
on
a
tour
in
Beijing
now.
2.
A:
Im
going
climbing
on
Sunday.
Would
you
like
to
go
with
me?
B:
Id
like
to,
but
I
do
some
housework.
3.
A:
?
B:
Yes,
please.
I
want
to
buy
a
book
for
my
friend
as
a
birthday
gift.
4.
A:
Does
the
sports
watch
belong
to
Mary?
B:
.
She
is
the
only
one
who
wears
the
sports
watch
in
our
class.
5.
A:
Would
you
like
to
visit
Xian
Jiaotong
University
tomorrow?
B:
.
Ill
go
to
the
countryside
to
visit
my
grandparents.
08
参考答案·陕西英语
精
讲
册
7.
reported 8.
is
known 9.
no
doubt 10.
Without
doubt
11.
to
drive 12.
to
talk
with 13.
drinking
九年级(全)
Units
7~ 8
1.
to
tell 2.
spending 3.
To
my
regret 4.
manager
5.
management 6.
to
finish 7.
manage
a
company
8.
①taking
part
in ②attend ③join ④join
in 9.
take
part
in / join
in 10.
join
in 11.
①asleep ②slept
③sleepy ④sleeping 12.
being 13.
from
九年级(全)
Units
9~ 10
1.
cooking 2.
rather
than 3.
to
face 4.
supposed
5.
to
be 6.
to
knock
on 7.
visiting 8.
is
worth
9.
worthy
of 10.
worth
a
try /
worthy
of
trying 11.
helpful
12.
impolite 13.
to
give 14.
of 15.
for 16.
It
17.
besides
English 18.
Besides 19.
①except ②but
③except
for
九年级(全)
Units
11~ 12
1.
know 2.
beautiful 3.
understood 4.
to
reduce
5.
would
rather 6.
write
emails 7.
①living ②live
③lively ④alive ⑤lively;
lives;
living
⑥live;
living
8.
①lived ②living ③lively
九年级(全)
Units
13~ 14
1.
afford
them 2.
to
provide 3.
from 4.
into
5.
separate
me
from 6.
separated
from 7.
be
divided
8.
second 9.
got / gotten 10.
for
class /
to
have
class
11.
to
return
第二部分 语法专题精讲练
专题一
动词
命题点 1 动词词义辨析
Ⅰ. 1.
B 2.
A 3.
D 4.
C 5.
C 6.
B 7.
C 8.
D
Ⅱ. 1.
cut 2.
build 3.
offer 4.
develop 5.
sold
6.
sitting 7.
hopes 8.
argued 9.
forget 10.
win
Ⅲ. 1.
C 2.
B 3.
C 4.
A 5.
B 6.
B 7.
C
8.
A 9.
D 10.
B
命题点 2 动词词组
Ⅰ. 1.
B 2.
A 3.
B 4.
D 5.
B 6.
A 7.
C
8.
B 9.
C 10.
B 11.
C 12.
A 13.
B 14.
D
15.
C 16.
D 17.
B 18.
A 19.
C 20.
B
Ⅱ. 1.
wash
(her)
hair 2.
go
climbing /
climb
the
mountain(s)
3.
make
a
plan /
make
plans /
plan
( well) 4.
change
your
mind 5.
take
notes 6.
play
chess 7.
make
your
own
decision(s) /
make
decision(s)
by
yourself
8.
return /
come
back /
fly
back 9.
belong
to
10.
wait
for 11.
put
off 12.
look
up 13.
deal
with
14.
turn
off 15.
say
proudly /
proudly
say 16.
held
for
the
first
time /
firstly
held /
held
firstly 17.
Learn
wisely
18.
rose
slowly 19.
feel
soft 20.
taste
delicious
命题点 3 情态动词
Ⅰ. 1.
A 2.
A 3.
B 4.
C 5.
C
Ⅱ. 1.
It
cant
be
her 2.
must /
have
to 3.
Can / May
I
help
you 4.
It
must
be
hers 5.
( Sorry,)
Im
afraid
I
cant
命题点 4 动词的时态
Ⅰ. 1.
plant 2.
has
studied 3.
went 4.
will
become
5.
are
eating 6.
was
practising 7.
travels
8.
realized 9.
is
crying 10.
was
cooking
Ⅱ. 1.
preferred 2.
helping 3.
lay 4.
enjoyed
5.
changes 6.
sticks
Ⅲ. 1.
feel
lonely 2.
were
doing / trying
their
best 3.
are
making
a
mess 4.
will
give
away 5.
have
taken
place
Ⅳ. 1.
B 2.
A 3.
A 4.
B 5.
C 6.
C 7.
B
8.
B 9.
C 10.
D
Ⅴ.
1.
looks 2.
taught 3.
gets 4.
cooking
5.
enjoys 6.
takes 7.
fallen 8.
walking 9.
keep
10.
hope
命题点 5 动词的语态
Ⅰ. 1.
solved 2.
needed 3.
divided 4.
stolen 5.
sells
Ⅱ. 1.
is
known
as 2.
was
given
to 3.
will
be
set
up
4.
are
sold
out 5.
widely
used
Ⅲ. 1.
B 2.
A 3.
C 4.
B 5.
D 6.
C 7.
A
8.
D 9.
C 10.
B
Ⅳ. 1.
said 2.
called 3.
opened 4.
made 5.
closed
6.
invented 7.
used 8.
brushed 9.
introduced
10.
added
命题点 6 主谓一致
Ⅰ. 1.
is 2.
rides 3.
was 4.
puts 5.
is
Ⅱ. 1.
look
forward
to 2.
is
doing
experiments 3.
am
tired
of 4.
is
covered
by 5.
were
watching
TV
6.
is
necessary
命题点 7 非谓语动词
Ⅰ. 1.
come 2.
throw 3.
protect 4.
take 5.
missing
6.
Compared 7.
wear 8.
Walking 9.
do 10.
laugh
Ⅱ. 1.
making
mistakes 2.
To
keep
healthy 3.
Learning
from 4.
to
taste 5.
depend
on
Ⅲ. 1.
D 2.
B 3.
D 4.
C 5.
A 6.
B 7.
B
8.
D 9.
A 10.
D
Ⅳ. 1.
find 2.
Knowing 3.
saying 4.
finish 5.
express
6.
go 7.
used 8.
remember 9.
ask 10.
help
专项提升 动词(词组)填空———针对完成句子和短文填空
Ⅰ. 1.
planted 2.
learned / learnt 3.
helps 4.
preparing
5.
taught 6.
face 7.
develop 8.
reading 9.
leader
10.
invention
Ⅱ. 1.
developed
quickly 2.
been
able
to 3.
listening
to
music 4.
grown
up 5.
practice
speaking 6.
protect
the
environment 7.
go
over 8.
help
her
students
9.
have
a
good
time /
spend
a
good
time 10.
praised
Ⅲ. Passage
1 1.
finishing 2.
meeting 3.
took
4.
supported 5.
set 6.
exciting 7.
make
8.
decisions 9.
offer 10.
give
Passage
2 1.
changed 2.
speak 3.
Hoping 4.
dug
5.
tried 6.
swimming 7.
dreamed / dreamt 8.
bear
9.
meet 10.
become
Passage
3 1.
provided 2.
watched 3.
shocked
4.
learning 5.
requires 6.
repeat 7.
telling
8.
understand 9.
put 10.
continue
专题二 名词
命题点 名词词义辨析
Cloze
1 1.
B 2.
B 3.
C 4.
A 5.
D 6.
C
7.
D 8.
A 9.
D 10.
B
Cloze
2 1.
B 2.
D 3.
B 4.
A 5.
C 6.
C
7.
D 8.
B 9.
D 10.
A
Cloze
3 1.
B 2.
C 3.
A 4.
D 5.
D 6.
C
7.
C 8.
A 9.
B 10.
B
专项提升 名词(短语)填空———针对完成句子和短文填空
Ⅰ. 1.
Germans 2.
hours 3.
countries 4.
endless
5.
natural 6.
leaves 7.
policemen 8.
advice
9.
children 10.
sunny 11.
personal 12.
stomachs
61