专题05 考点拓展3&介词、There be句型&写作指导（介绍健康生活方式）-【寒假】2025年七年级英语寒假学习讲义（译林版2024）

专题05 考点拓展3&介词、There be句型&写作指导（介绍健康生活方式） 目录 一．词汇拓展 1 二．考点拓展 1 三．语法考点 7 四．写作考点 12 五．阅读拓展 14 一．词汇拓展 1.celebrate v.庆祝-- n.庆祝 2.gentleman n. (pl gentlemen) 先生，绅士-- adj.温和的 3.throw vt.扔-- 扔掉-- 投身于 4.hang v.悬挂-- 闲逛 5.tradition n.传统-- adj.传统的-- 文化和传统 6.hope希望 -- adj.有希望的-- adj.无望的 7.carry v.拿，提，搬，携带-- 执行-- 继续 8.wherever conj.在任何地方-- pron.无论谁-- conj.&pron.不管什么-- conj.然而 9.violin n.小提琴-- n.小提琴手-- 拉小提琴 10.lively adj.有生气的；热闹的-- v.生活，居住-- adj.活着的-- n.生命，生活 11.natural adj.自然的-- n.自然-- 自然科学 12.prepare v.预备(饭菜)；把...预备好-- n.准备-- 为…做准备 13.meaning n.意义，意思-- v.意味着-- adj.有意义的-- adj.无意义的 二．考点拓展 考点1. hundred的用法 Hundreds of people come here every day. 每天成百上千的人来到这里。 Every year ____________（thousand） of drivers become “offenders”—they break the rules of the road. 考点2.other/else 考点 词义 用法 other 另外；其他 修饰名词，位于名词之前。 如：Put it in your other hand.把它放在你的另一只手中。 else 别的；其他的 修饰不定代词something，anything，nothing，somebody，anybody，nobody等及疑问词who，what等，必须位于这些词之后。 如：Who else can play the piano？还有谁会弹钢琴？ 考点3.need的用法 Will students need computers at school?学生们在学校将会需要电脑吗?（P20） 1.没有必要在意别人对你的看法。（there is, what...think of...） __________________________________________________________________________ 2.During the trip, they may need ________（face） many problems such as language problems and transportation difficulties. 考点4.finish的用法 finish作动词，意为“结束，完成；用完，吃完”，常用结构有： (1)finish sth.完成某事 When does he finish his college course？他什么时候完成大学学业？ (2)finish doing sth.做完某事 I haven't finished reading the book yet.我还没读完这本书。 【拓展】　初中阶段常见的只能接动词－ing形式做宾语的动词有：avoid，consider，enjoy，mind，finish，suggest，imagine，practise，stand(忍受)，risk等。+v-ing 考点5.across/cross/through/over 考点 词义及用法 例句 cross 动词，意为“穿过，越过”， cross the road＝ go across the road Be careful when you cross the street.过马路时要小心。 across 介词，意为“横跨，横穿，穿过”， 强调从某个范围的一边到另一边，且为在物体表面上进行的动作，常与walk，run，go，swim等动词连用。 He swam across the river. 他游过了那条河。 through 介词，意为“从……中穿过，透过”， 强调动作是从物体的内部经过，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。 The river runs through the city. 这条河从这座城市中间流过。 over 介词，意为“在……上方；越过”， 常指在空间上通过、越过，也可指垂直在上，但与物体的表面不接触。 He jumped over the wall. 他跳过了墙。 past 介词，从.....旁边路过 1.The boy made his way ______ the crowd and asked her to sign on the shirt. A．across B．through C．around D．opposite 2.沿着这条街走，它在医院对面。（across from） ____________________________________________________________________ 3.茶叶通过丝绸之路销到欧洲国家。（through） ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.我们的政府将在这条河上建一座桥。（over） __________________________________________________________________ 考点6.提建议的句型 Why not ask the policeman over there? 为什么不问问那边的警察呢？（P32） Why don't you/Why not do...? 你为什么不做……呢？ Shall we do...? 我们做……好吗？ You'd better （not） do... 你最好（不要）做…… Would you mind doing...? 你介意做……吗？ Let's do... 我们做……吧。 Would you like to do...? 你愿意做……吗？ What/How about （doing） sth.? （做）某事怎么样？ sb. should do sth. 某人应该做某事 1.Why not ____（make） a card by yourself? He will certainly love it. 2.We are free this Saturday. What about __________（visit） the museum? 3.你应该在烹饪课上小心点。（should） ____________________________________________________ 4.为了健康的未来，让我们一起运动吧！（let's） ____________________________________________________________ 考点7.both/all 考点 词义 共同点 both 表示“两者都……”， 反义词是neither (1)both/all of＋定冠词/物主代词/指示代词或其他限定词＋复数名词，其中of及其后的定冠词可以省略。 (2)both/all of＋复数人称代词宾格，其中of不能省略。 (3)both，all与not连用时，表示部分否定。 (4)both，all在句中作主语同位语时，通常位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前；在简略答语及感叹句中，两者都不能位于句末，而要位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之前，行为动词之后。 all 意为“三者或三者上都……”，反义词是none 考点8.how often/how long/how soon/how far 考点 词义及用法 答语及例句 how often “多久一次”，提问频率、频度。 答语通常是always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly(ever)，once/twice a day/week等表示频率的单词或短语。 how long “多长”，提问物体的长度。 回答物体的长度。如： —How long is the river？这条河有多长？ —About 5 km.大约5千米。 “多久”，对一段时间进行提问。 答语通常是for＋时间段，since短语或since从句。如： —How long have you stayed in Beijing？ 你在北京待了多久？ —I have stayed in Beijing for 2 years. 我在北京待了两年。 how soon “多久以后”，表示某个动作要多长时间发生或结束，经常用于一般将来时的句子中。 答语通常是“in＋一段时间”。如： —How soon will you be back？你要多久才回来？ —In an hour.1 小时以后。 how far “多远”，提问距离。 答语通常是“数词(＋量词)”。如： —How far is it from your home to your school？ 你家离学校有多远？ —About two kilometers.大约两千米。 考点9. -ed与-ing形式的形容词用法 I was so excited! 我太激动了! -ing形式 形容事物本身性质，表示“令人……的”，多用于修饰事物 -ed形式 形容人的感受，表示“感到……的”，多用于修饰人 -ing形式 -ed形式 相关短语 exciting excited be excited to do sth. 对做某事感到兴奋 interesting interested be interested in对……感兴趣 boring bored be bored with对……感到厌烦 surprising surprised be surprised at对……感到惊讶 amazing amazed be amazed at对……感到惊奇 pleasing pleased be pleased with对……感到满意 1.我很兴奋能告诉你一些关于英国歌剧比赛的事情。（English Opera Competition） _________________________________________________________________________________ 2.Grandma was very ____________（surprise） when Jane showed her the pictures. 3.Weather and time have turned these ________（amaze） white walls into Chinese landscape paintings. 4.I'm ________（excite） we could do something to help others! 考点10.辨析arrive、reach与get to Jenny and I arrived by plane the day before yesterday. 我和珍妮前天坐飞机到的。 1.So I left my hometown with confidence（信心） and arrived __ Cape Town, not really sure what to do next. 2.我们花费了大约两个小时的时间到达山顶。（it took sb. some time to do sth.） __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 三．语法考点 介词 考点一 常见的时间介词 1.at, in, on at 侧重于表示时间点,用于时刻前。表示“在某一时刻”“在几点几分”,也可表示“在……(点)” at four /four o'clock 在四点 at a quarter to nine 九点差一刻 常用于固定搭配的短语中 at noon 在中午;at night 在夜晚;at/on weekends 在周末;at breakfast/ lunch /supper 在吃早饭/午饭/晚饭时;at this time of day 在每天的这个时候;at the moment此刻,现在;at Christmas 在圣诞节 in 强调某个时间段,常用于上午、下午、晚上或世纪、年、月、季节等之前。in+一段时间,一般用于一般将来时 in the morning /afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上; in the day 在白天 in July在七月;in 2012 在2012年;in March在三月;in spring/summer/autumn/winter 在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天; in the 21st century 在21世纪; in ten years十年后 on 表示具体的某一天,后接具体的日期,表示某一天的上午、下午、晚上,或用于有形容词修饰的某一天前等 on Sunday 在星期天;on weekdays 在工作日;on Friday morning/afternoon/evening 在星期五早上/上午/下午/晚上;on the afternoon of March 5th 在三月五日下午;on a cold winter evening 在一个寒冷冬天的晚上; on September 28th 在九月二十八日 用于公共节假日前 on New Year's Day 在元旦;on Children's Day 在儿童节;on Christmas Eve在圣诞节前夕 考点二 常见的地点介词 表示地点的介词有in、 on、 at、 to等,对其考查侧重于at、 on、 in的区别。at着重把所处的位置看作是某一个点,范围不明确,意为“在……内;在……上”,一般与较小的地方连用。in表示在某一区域或某一个立体的地方内,意为“在……(里)”,一般与较大的地方连用。on表示在一条线或一个平面上,意为“在……上”,如on the ground, on the wall, on the farm。 考点三 常见的方位介词 1.方位介词辨析图示 2.方位介词in、 on与 to 在表示方位时,in表示在某一地区内的某个方位(属于该范围);表示两地区“接壤”时,用介词on;表示“在某一范围之外(两地没有挨着)”时,用介词to。 用适当的介词完成下列句子 1.There are many apples 　 　 the tree in our yard.  2.My grandpa died peacefully 　 　a cold winter afternoon.  3.Li Fei improved his spoken English 　 　 watching English documentaries.  4.There will be a dancing competition 　 　the sixteenth day of March.  5.The old man's garden is so beautiful 　 　spring that kids like to play there.  6.Lily is only six years old, but she is very good 　 　 cooking.  7.Mr.Lin's flight will arrive 　 　 half an hour.Let's take a taxi to the airport.  8.Miss Yang helped her neighbor buy two kilos 　 　 sugar on her way home.  9.Mary has been looking 　 　 her ruler for 10 minutes. But it is actually in her schoolbag.  10.The students usually have their first class 　 　eight o'clock 　 　the morning.  11.I like dancing and singing and often spend a lot of time　 　 them.  12.Where is the key 　 　the front door?  13.After school, I like playing computer games and chatting 　 　my friends 　 　the Internet.  14.I learned a lot 　 　 the other students in this class.  15.What do you think 　 　my new car?  16.I hurried to school 　 　breakfast this morning, so I feel hungry now.  17.The man is a great basketball player.We are all proud 　 　 him.  18.My mother will come home 　 　 the morning of August 8.  19.I grew up 　 　 the foot of the mountain.  20.That naughty boy hid 　 　 the door and waited for his friends to find him.  There be句型 考点一 基本用法 1.There be句型主要用来表达“某地或某时有某人或某物”，其基本句型为“ There be+某物/某人+某地某时”，其中 there没有实际意义；be是谓语动词；“某人或某物”做句子的主语；“某地或某时”做句子的状语，一般是介词短语。 There is a football under the chair.椅子下面有个足球。 2.There be句型中的be动词在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或可数名词单数时用is，是复数时用are。 There is a flower in the bottle.瓶子里有一朵花。 There are some books in the backpack.背包里有些书。 3.There be句型的否定结构在is/are后面加not，一般疑问句把is或are放在there之前，肯定回答“Yes, there is/are.”，否定回答“No,there isn't/aren't.”。如果肯定句中有some，否定句和疑问句一般要改成any。 There aren't any children on the playground.操场上没有一些孩子。 —Is there a bank near here？在这附近有银行吗？ —Yes,there is.是的，有。/No,there isn't.不，没有。 There are some children in the picture.照片里有一些孩子。 There aren't any children in the picture.照片里没有一些孩子。 考点二 特殊用法 1.若句子中有几个并列的主语时，be动词要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。（就近原则） There is a boy,a girl and two women in the house.房子里有一个男孩、一个女孩和两个妇女。 There are ten students and a teacher in the office.办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。 2.“There be+名词或代词+动词-ing形式”意思是“有某人或某物正在做……”。 There are some teachers playing basketball on the playground.有些老师正在操场上打篮球。 3.There be句型的一般将来时的肯定结构为“There will be+名词+其他成分.”或“There is going to be+名词+其他成分.”，意为“将要有……或“将举行……”。（注意：不论be后的名词是单数还是复数，be不能写成is/are） There will be a meeting tomorrow morning.明天上午有个会议。 考点三 难点突破 There be句型与 have/has都可以意为“有”，但它们的含义不同。There be句型表示的是“存在关系”，而 have/has表示的却是“所有关系”，have/has的主语一般是人，有时也可以是物。 There is a car in front of the school gate.学校门前有辆小汽车。（强调车在门前） I have a car.我有一辆小汽车。（强调车归我所有） 注意（1）如果这两个表示“有”的句型中含有some，改为否定句或疑问句时some要改为any。 There is some water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。 → There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。 （2）表示“构成”关系时，have/has与 There be结构常常表示相同的意思，可以进行同义句转换。 A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。 一.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.There 　　　(be) fifty books here.  2.There 　　　(be) some water in the glass.  3.There 　　　(be) a lot of apples on the table.  4.There 　　　(be) an old building in front of our school.  5.There 　　　(be) some cups of tea on the table.  二．.按要求完成句子,每空一词 1.There is a library across from the school.(改为否定句) 　　　 　　　 a library across from the school.  2.There are some birds in the tree.(改为一般疑问句) 　　　 　　　 　　　 birds in the tree?   3.Is there a baseball under the chair?(作肯定回答) Yes, 　　　 　　　.   4.There are some children in the street. (改为一般疑问句) 　　　 　　　 　　　 children in the street?  5.There is a cat under the tree.(改为一般疑问句) 　　　 　　　 a cat under the tree?  三.用have，has，there is或there are填空 1.I 　　　a good father and a good mother.  2.　　　 a basketball in the playground.  3.They 　　　a nice garden.  4.　　　 a reading room in the building.  5.　　　 some books in the bookcase.  6.My father 　　　a storybook.  7.　　　 a storybook on the table.  8.　　　 some flowers in the vase.  9.My parents 　　　some nice pictures.  10.　　　 a map of the world on the wall.  四．写作考点 如何写与生活方式相关的文章 本话题是生活方式，涉及饮食、运动和睡眠等相关内容。与此相关的写作通常有：①描述自己或他人的生活方式；②分析、评价自己或他人的生活方式是否健康；③对不健康的生活方式提出改进建议。 在具体介绍自己或他人的生活方式时，通常包含以下要点： ①介绍饮食习惯，包括三餐所吃的食物等；②介绍运动情况，如做运动的频率等；③介绍睡眠情况，如睡眠时间等；④点评生活习惯健康与否。 My lifestyle My name is Li Hua. I’m 13 years old and I’m in Class 1, Grade 7. Now let me tell you something about my healthy lifestyle. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ In a word, I think I have a healthy lifestyle. 假如你是李华，下周你班要举办一次“My healthy lifestyle ”的英文演讲活动。请根据图片及英文提示写一篇演讲稿，介绍自己的生活方式，并呼吁你班同学拥有健康的生活方式。 要求： 1.紧扣图片及英文提示，可适当发挥； 2.词数90左右，演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 My healthy lifestyle Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua. Today, I’m very happy to share my healthy lifestyle with all of you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for listening! 五．阅读拓展 一 There is new library for children in Manchester, UK. 1 But there are over 1.000 kinds of books to meet the reading needs of children. It opened for the first time at 9:30 am on October 15,2022. 2 He said," When I was a child, I often went to libraries. I met my friends there and we read our favorite books together. 3 I want this library to be a place where children can read good books and have fun.” The library is open from Monday to Saturday. Children can get into the library to read after 9:30 am. 4 That means it closes at 6:30 pm on weekdays. On Saturdays, it closes at 4:30 pm. 5 If you do, you can go to the library to read all the books for free. A. It is a little small. B. How often do you usually go to libraries? C. The books were old and boring. D. Do you have a Manchester library card? E. We could always enjoy ourselves there. F. Joseph Coelho joined in the opening of the library. G. It opens for nine hours a day from Monday to Friday. 二 Kenya is a country in Africa. In the past, many farmers in this country 1 (plant)corn . But the sales were not good. Also, the weather changed a lot. 2 the farmers had to look for new plants to grow. 3 (fortunate),they found the avocado(牛油果）.It is a popular fruit around the world. Because of the special weather the avocado production(生产)season in Kenya lasts for eight 4 (month). Also, avocados bring more money than corn. So 5 is a good idea for farmers to plant avocados. Now, Kenya is the 6 (big) seller of avocados in Africa. its avocados travel 7 Spain, the Netherlands. the Middle East and Egypt. In August 2022. Kenya started 8 (sell) fresh avocados to China for the 9 (one)time. Maybe the last fresh avocado you ate is 10 this country. 三 Eight-year-old Tommy opened his eyes. Then he got out of bed and walked to the kitchen. He got some food and ate them. The next morning, he woke up in bed and found some crumbs(面包屑)on his bed. What happened? He had no idea. Later, his mom told him “Dear, don't worry. You sleepwalked last night.” Sleepwalking is not strange in kids. About29% of kids under age 13 have this problem. They get better as they get older. Some adults（成年人)sleepwalk，too. Many sleepwalkers can't remember what they did at night. They often find out later from others. Scientists find sleepwalking happens in deep sleep, during the first few hours of the night. At that time, the brain(大脑) is sleeping, but the body is still awake. The sleepwalkers could walk around or do easy things. A few could even drive, study or paint. But sleepwalking usually lasts only a few minutes. Should we wake up sleepwalkers? It's not dangerous，but they will be confused(困惑的)when they wake up. The best way is to take them back to bed. Remember to do it quietly. Let them sleep. Tell them what happened the next morning. 1.What did Tommy do after opening his eyes? ① He ate some food. ② He left his bed. ③ He told a story to his mom. ④He walked out of the living room. A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④ 2.The writer might think it is a(n)____thing to see kids sleepwalk. A. dangerous B. scared C. usual D. unbelievable 3.Which of the following is not mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. What sleepwalkers could do. B. When sleepwalking happens. C. Why sleepwalkers' body is awake. D. How long sleepwalking usually lasts. 4.If you see a sleepwalker at night, you'd better____. A. wake him up B. followed him C. have a talk with him D. help him go back to sleep 5.Where might the text be from? A. A diary. B. A science website. C. A report. D. A sport magazine. 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 考点拓展3&介词、There be句型&写作指导（介绍健康生活方式） 目录 一．词汇拓展 1 二．考点拓展 1 三．语法考点 7 四．写作考点 12 五．阅读拓展 14 一．词汇拓展 1.celebrate v.庆祝--celebration n.庆祝 2.gentleman n. (pl gentlemen) 先生，绅士--gentle adj.温和的 3.throw vt.扔--throw away扔掉--throw oneself into投身于 4.hang v.悬挂--hang out闲逛 5.tradition n.传统--traditional adj.传统的--culture and traditions文化和传统 6.hope希望 --hopeful adj.有希望的-- hopeless adj.无望的 7.carry v.拿，提，搬，携带--carry out执行--carry on继续 8.wherever conj.在任何地方--whoever pron.无论谁--whatever conj.&pron.不管什么--however conj.然而 9.violin n.小提琴--violinist n.小提琴手--play the violin拉小提琴 10.lively adj.有生气的；热闹的--live v.生活，居住--alive adj.活着的--life n.生命，生活 11.natural adj.自然的--nature n.自然--natural science自然科学 12.prepare v.预备(饭菜)；把...预备好--preparation n.准备-- prepare for为…做准备 13.meaning n.意义，意思--mean v.意味着--meaningful adj.有意义的--meaningless adj.无意义的 二．考点拓展 考点1. hundred的用法 Hundreds of people come here every day. 每天成百上千的人来到这里。 Every year ____________（thousand） of drivers become “offenders”—they break the rules of the road. thousands 考点2.other/else 考点 词义 用法 other 另外；其他 修饰名词，位于名词之前。 如：Put it in your other hand.把它放在你的另一只手中。 else 别的；其他的 修饰不定代词something，anything，nothing，somebody，anybody，nobody等及疑问词who，what等，必须位于这些词之后。 如：Who else can play the piano？还有谁会弹钢琴？ 考点3.need的用法 Will students need computers at school?学生们在学校将会需要电脑吗?（P20） 1.没有必要在意别人对你的看法。（there is, what...think of...） __________________________________________________________________________ 2.During the trip, they may need ________（face） many problems such as language problems and transportation difficulties. 1.There is no need to care about what others think of you.2.to face 考点4.finish的用法 finish作动词，意为“结束，完成；用完，吃完”，常用结构有： (1)finish sth.完成某事 When does he finish his college course？他什么时候完成大学学业？ (2)finish doing sth.做完某事 I haven't finished reading the book yet.我还没读完这本书。 【拓展】　初中阶段常见的只能接动词－ing形式做宾语的动词有：avoid，consider，enjoy，mind，finish，suggest，imagine，practise，stand(忍受)，risk等。+v-ing 考点5.across/cross/through/over 考点 词义及用法 例句 cross 动词，意为“穿过，越过”， cross the road＝ go across the road Be careful when you cross the street.过马路时要小心。 across 介词，意为“横跨，横穿，穿过”， 强调从某个范围的一边到另一边，且为在物体表面上进行的动作，常与walk，run，go，swim等动词连用。 He swam across the river. 他游过了那条河。 through 介词，意为“从……中穿过，透过”， 强调动作是从物体的内部经过，往往指穿过沙漠、森林、窗户等。 The river runs through the city. 这条河从这座城市中间流过。 over 介词，意为“在……上方；越过”， 常指在空间上通过、越过，也可指垂直在上，但与物体的表面不接触。 He jumped over the wall. 他跳过了墙。 past 介词，从.....旁边路过 1.The boy made his way ______ the crowd and asked her to sign on the shirt. A．across B．through C．around D．opposite 2.沿着这条街走，它在医院对面。（across from） ____________________________________________________________________ 3.茶叶通过丝绸之路销到欧洲国家。（through） ______________________________________________________________________________ 4.我们的政府将在这条河上建一座桥。（over） __________________________________________________________________ 1.B2.Go along the street. It is across from the hospital. 3.Tea was traded to European countries through the Silk Road. 4.Our government will build a bridge over the river. 考点6.提建议的句型 Why not ask the policeman over there? 为什么不问问那边的警察呢？（P32） Why don't you/Why not do...? 你为什么不做……呢？ Shall we do...? 我们做……好吗？ You'd better （not） do... 你最好（不要）做…… Would you mind doing...? 你介意做……吗？ Let's do... 我们做……吧。 Would you like to do...? 你愿意做……吗？ What/How about （doing） sth.? （做）某事怎么样？ sb. should do sth. 某人应该做某事 1.Why not ____（make） a card by yourself? He will certainly love it. 2.We are free this Saturday. What about __________（visit） the museum? 3.你应该在烹饪课上小心点。（should） ____________________________________________________ 4.为了健康的未来，让我们一起运动吧！（let's） ____________________________________________________________ 1.make2.visiting3.You should be careful in cooking class.4.Let's exercise together for a healthy future! 考点7.both/all 考点 词义 共同点 both 表示“两者都……”， 反义词是neither (1)both/all of＋定冠词/物主代词/指示代词或其他限定词＋复数名词，其中of及其后的定冠词可以省略。 (2)both/all of＋复数人称代词宾格，其中of不能省略。 (3)both，all与not连用时，表示部分否定。 (4)both，all在句中作主语同位语时，通常位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之后，行为动词之前；在简略答语及感叹句中，两者都不能位于句末，而要位于be动词、助动词或情态动词之前，行为动词之后。 all 意为“三者或三者上都……”，反义词是none 考点8.how often/how long/how soon/how far 考点 词义及用法 答语及例句 how often “多久一次”，提问频率、频度。 答语通常是always，usually，often，sometimes，hardly(ever)，once/twice a day/week等表示频率的单词或短语。 how long “多长”，提问物体的长度。 回答物体的长度。如： —How long is the river？这条河有多长？ —About 5 km.大约5千米。 “多久”，对一段时间进行提问。 答语通常是for＋时间段，since短语或since从句。如： —How long have you stayed in Beijing？ 你在北京待了多久？ —I have stayed in Beijing for 2 years. 我在北京待了两年。 how soon “多久以后”，表示某个动作要多长时间发生或结束，经常用于一般将来时的句子中。 答语通常是“in＋一段时间”。如： —How soon will you be back？你要多久才回来？ —In an hour.1 小时以后。 how far “多远”，提问距离。 答语通常是“数词(＋量词)”。如： —How far is it from your home to your school？ 你家离学校有多远？ —About two kilometers.大约两千米。 考点9. -ed与-ing形式的形容词用法 I was so excited! 我太激动了! -ing形式 形容事物本身性质，表示“令人……的”，多用于修饰事物 -ed形式 形容人的感受，表示“感到……的”，多用于修饰人 -ing形式 -ed形式 相关短语 exciting excited be excited to do sth. 对做某事感到兴奋 interesting interested be interested in对……感兴趣 boring bored be bored with对……感到厌烦 surprising surprised be surprised at对……感到惊讶 amazing amazed be amazed at对……感到惊奇 pleasing pleased be pleased with对……感到满意 1.我很兴奋能告诉你一些关于英国歌剧比赛的事情。（English Opera Competition） _________________________________________________________________________________ 2.Grandma was very ____________（surprise） when Jane showed her the pictures. 3.Weather and time have turned these ________（amaze） white walls into Chinese landscape paintings. 4.I'm ________（excite） we could do something to help others! 1.I am very excited to tell you something about the English Opera Competition. 2.surprised3.amazing4.excited 考点10.辨析arrive、reach与get to Jenny and I arrived by plane the day before yesterday. 我和珍妮前天坐飞机到的。 1.So I left my hometown with confidence（信心） and arrived __ Cape Town, not really sure what to do next. 2.我们花费了大约两个小时的时间到达山顶。（it took sb. some time to do sth.） __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1．in2．It took us about two hours to reach the top of the mountain./It took us about two hours to arrive at the top of the mountain./It took us about two hours to get to the top of the mountain. 三．语法考点 介词 考点一 常见的时间介词 1.at, in, on at 侧重于表示时间点,用于时刻前。表示“在某一时刻”“在几点几分”,也可表示“在……(点)” at four /four o'clock 在四点 at a quarter to nine 九点差一刻 常用于固定搭配的短语中 at noon 在中午;at night 在夜晚;at/on weekends 在周末;at breakfast/ lunch /supper 在吃早饭/午饭/晚饭时;at this time of day 在每天的这个时候;at the moment此刻,现在;at Christmas 在圣诞节 in 强调某个时间段,常用于上午、下午、晚上或世纪、年、月、季节等之前。in+一段时间,一般用于一般将来时 in the morning /afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上; in the day 在白天 in July在七月;in 2012 在2012年;in March在三月;in spring/summer/autumn/winter 在春天/夏天/秋天/冬天; in the 21st century 在21世纪; in ten years十年后 on 表示具体的某一天,后接具体的日期,表示某一天的上午、下午、晚上,或用于有形容词修饰的某一天前等 on Sunday 在星期天;on weekdays 在工作日;on Friday morning/afternoon/evening 在星期五早上/上午/下午/晚上;on the afternoon of March 5th 在三月五日下午;on a cold winter evening 在一个寒冷冬天的晚上; on September 28th 在九月二十八日 用于公共节假日前 on New Year's Day 在元旦;on Children's Day 在儿童节;on Christmas Eve在圣诞节前夕 考点二 常见的地点介词 表示地点的介词有in、 on、 at、 to等,对其考查侧重于at、 on、 in的区别。at着重把所处的位置看作是某一个点,范围不明确,意为“在……内;在……上”,一般与较小的地方连用。in表示在某一区域或某一个立体的地方内,意为“在……(里)”,一般与较大的地方连用。on表示在一条线或一个平面上,意为“在……上”,如on the ground, on the wall, on the farm。 考点三 常见的方位介词 1.方位介词辨析图示 2.方位介词in、 on与 to 在表示方位时,in表示在某一地区内的某个方位(属于该范围);表示两地区“接壤”时,用介词on;表示“在某一范围之外(两地没有挨着)”时,用介词to。 用适当的介词完成下列句子 1.There are many apples 　 　 the tree in our yard.  2.My grandpa died peacefully 　 　a cold winter afternoon.  3.Li Fei improved his spoken English 　 　 watching English documentaries.  4.There will be a dancing competition 　 　the sixteenth day of March.  5.The old man's garden is so beautiful 　 　spring that kids like to play there.  6.Lily is only six years old, but she is very good 　 　 cooking.  7.Mr.Lin's flight will arrive 　 　 half an hour.Let's take a taxi to the airport.  8.Miss Yang helped her neighbor buy two kilos 　 　 sugar on her way home.  9.Mary has been looking 　 　 her ruler for 10 minutes. But it is actually in her schoolbag.  10.The students usually have their first class 　 　eight o'clock 　 　the morning.  11.I like dancing and singing and often spend a lot of time　 　 them.  12.Where is the key 　 　the front door?  13.After school, I like playing computer games and chatting 　 　my friends 　 　the Internet.  14.I learned a lot 　 　 the other students in this class.  15.What do you think 　 　my new car?  16.I hurried to school 　 　breakfast this morning, so I feel hungry now.  17.The man is a great basketball player.We are all proud 　 　 him.  18.My mother will come home 　 　 the morning of August 8.  19.I grew up 　 　 the foot of the mountain.  20.That naughty boy hid 　 　 the door and waited for his friends to find him.  【参考答案】1.on　2.on 　3.by　4.on 　5.in 　6.at　7.in　8.of　9.for　10.at 　in　11.on　12.to 　13.with 　on14.from　15.of 　16.without 　17.of　18.on　19.at　20.behind There be句型 考点一 基本用法 1.There be句型主要用来表达“某地或某时有某人或某物”，其基本句型为“ There be+某物/某人+某地某时”，其中 there没有实际意义；be是谓语动词；“某人或某物”做句子的主语；“某地或某时”做句子的状语，一般是介词短语。 There is a football under the chair.椅子下面有个足球。 2.There be句型中的be动词在人称和数上应与其后的主语保持一致。主语是不可数名词或可数名词单数时用is，是复数时用are。 There is a flower in the bottle.瓶子里有一朵花。 There are some books in the backpack.背包里有些书。 3.There be句型的否定结构在is/are后面加not，一般疑问句把is或are放在there之前，肯定回答“Yes, there is/are.”，否定回答“No,there isn't/aren't.”。如果肯定句中有some，否定句和疑问句一般要改成any。 There aren't any children on the playground.操场上没有一些孩子。 —Is there a bank near here？在这附近有银行吗？ —Yes,there is.是的，有。/No,there isn't.不，没有。 There are some children in the picture.照片里有一些孩子。 There aren't any children in the picture.照片里没有一些孩子。 考点二 特殊用法 1.若句子中有几个并列的主语时，be动词要与离其最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致。（就近原则） There is a boy,a girl and two women in the house.房子里有一个男孩、一个女孩和两个妇女。 There are ten students and a teacher in the office.办公室里有十个学生和一个教师。 2.“There be+名词或代词+动词-ing形式”意思是“有某人或某物正在做……”。 There are some teachers playing basketball on the playground.有些老师正在操场上打篮球。 3.There be句型的一般将来时的肯定结构为“There will be+名词+其他成分.”或“There is going to be+名词+其他成分.”，意为“将要有……或“将举行……”。（注意：不论be后的名词是单数还是复数，be不能写成is/are） There will be a meeting tomorrow morning.明天上午有个会议。 考点三 难点突破 There be句型与 have/has都可以意为“有”，但它们的含义不同。There be句型表示的是“存在关系”，而 have/has表示的却是“所有关系”，have/has的主语一般是人，有时也可以是物。 There is a car in front of the school gate.学校门前有辆小汽车。（强调车在门前） I have a car.我有一辆小汽车。（强调车归我所有） 注意（1）如果这两个表示“有”的句型中含有some，改为否定句或疑问句时some要改为any。 There is some water in the glass.杯子里有一些水。 → There isn't any water in the glass.杯子里没有水。 （2）表示“构成”关系时，have/has与 There be结构常常表示相同的意思，可以进行同义句转换。 A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week.一周有七天。 一.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1.There 　　　(be) fifty books here.  2.There 　　　(be) some water in the glass.  3.There 　　　(be) a lot of apples on the table.  4.There 　　　(be) an old building in front of our school.  5.There 　　　(be) some cups of tea on the table.  二．.按要求完成句子,每空一词 1.There is a library across from the school.(改为否定句) 　　　 　　　 a library across from the school.  2.There are some birds in the tree.(改为一般疑问句) 　　　 　　　 　　　 birds in the tree?   3.Is there a baseball under the chair?(作肯定回答) Yes, 　　　 　　　.   4.There are some children in the street. (改为一般疑问句) 　　　 　　　 　　　 children in the street?  5.There is a cat under the tree.(改为一般疑问句) 　　　 　　　 a cat under the tree?  三.用have，has，there is或there are填空 1.I 　　　a good father and a good mother.  2.　　　 a basketball in the playground.  3.They 　　　a nice garden.  4.　　　 a reading room in the building.  5.　　　 some books in the bookcase.  6.My father 　　　a storybook.  7.　　　 a storybook on the table.  8.　　　 some flowers in the vase.  9.My parents 　　　some nice pictures.  10.　　　 a map of the world on the wall.  1.are　there be句型中由be动词后面的名词是可数名词复数books可知设空处应用are。 2.is　there be句型中由be动词后面的名词是不可数名词water可知设空处应用is。 3.are　there be句型中由be动词后面的名词是可数名词复数apples可知设空处应用are。 4.is　there be句型中由be动词后面的名词是可数名词单数building可知设空处应用is。 5.are　there be句型中由be动词后面的cups可知设空处应用are。 二.1.There isn’t　2.Are there any　3.there is　4.Are there any　5.Is there 三.1.have　设空处表示“拥有”,主语是I,故填have。 2.There is　设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词单数basketball,故be动词用is。 3.have　设空处表示“拥有”,主语是They,故填have。 4.There is　设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词单数reading room,故be动词用is。 5.There are　设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词复数books,故be动词用are。 6.has　设空处表示“拥有”,主语是My father,故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式has。 7.There is　设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词单数storybook,故be动词用is。 8.There are　设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词复数flowers,故be动词用are。 9.have　设空处表示“拥有”,主语是My parents,故填have。 10.There is　设空处表示“存在”,用there be句型,be动词后面的名词是可数名词单数map,故be动词用is。 四．写作考点 如何写与生活方式相关的文章 本话题是生活方式，涉及饮食、运动和睡眠等相关内容。与此相关的写作通常有：①描述自己或他人的生活方式；②分析、评价自己或他人的生活方式是否健康；③对不健康的生活方式提出改进建议。 在具体介绍自己或他人的生活方式时，通常包含以下要点： ①介绍饮食习惯，包括三餐所吃的食物等；②介绍运动情况，如做运动的频率等；③介绍睡眠情况，如睡眠时间等；④点评生活习惯健康与否。 My lifestyle My name is Li Hua. I’m 13 years old and I’m in Class 1, Grade 7. Now let me tell you something about my healthy lifestyle. I have healthy eating habits. For breakfast, I usually have some bread, an egg and a glass of milk. I like eating rice, chicken and vegetables for lunch. I always have some porridge and salad for dinner. I believe they’re good for my health. I like doing sports in my free time. Doing sports makes me strong and healthy. To make sure I can get nine hours of sleep, I never stay up late at night. What’s more, I always try my best to look on the bright side of things. ⑥I think it is very important for me to keep happy. In a word, I think I have a healthy lifestyle. 假如你是李华，下周你班要举办一次“My healthy lifestyle ”的英文演讲活动。请根据图片及英文提示写一篇演讲稿，介绍自己的生活方式，并呼吁你班同学拥有健康的生活方式。 要求： 1.紧扣图片及英文提示，可适当发挥； 2.词数90左右，演讲稿的开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 My healthy lifestyle Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua. Today, I’m very happy to share my healthy lifestyle with all of you. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you for listening! 【写作提示】 1. 主题：介绍生活习惯 2. 人称：以第一人称为主 3. 时态：一般现在时 4. 要点：运动、睡眠、饮食、发出呼吁 5. 写作思路：正文部分分别从运动、睡眠和饮食三个方面介绍生活方式，结尾号召大家拥有健康的生活方式。 【范文赏读】 My healthy lifestyle Hello, everyone! I’m Li Hua. Today, I’m very happy to share my healthy lifestyle with all of you. I play sports with my father every day, such as running and playing ping-pong. On weekdays, I always go to bed early and get up early. I never stay up late. And before going to bed, I usually read for half an hour. It helps me relax and sleep better. As for my eating habits, I often eat fruit and vegetables. And I never eat potato chips or drink coffee. I think they are not good for my health. Besides, I seldom eat snacks between meals. It’s important for us to have a healthy lifestyle. It is good for both our studies and everyday lives. I hope you all live a healthy life. That’s all. Thank you for listening! 五．阅读拓展 一 There is new library for children in Manchester, UK. 1 But there are over 1.000 kinds of books to meet the reading needs of children. It opened for the first time at 9:30 am on October 15,2022. 2 He said," When I was a child, I often went to libraries. I met my friends there and we read our favorite books together. 3 I want this library to be a place where children can read good books and have fun.” The library is open from Monday to Saturday. Children can get into the library to read after 9:30 am. 4 That means it closes at 6:30 pm on weekdays. On Saturdays, it closes at 4:30 pm. 5 If you do, you can go to the library to read all the books for free. A. It is a little small. B. How often do you usually go to libraries? C. The books were old and boring. D. Do you have a Manchester library card? E. We could always enjoy ourselves there. F. Joseph Coelho joined in the opening of the library. G. It opens for nine hours a day from Monday to Friday. 长难句分析 原句：（第三段倒数第二句)That means it closes at 6:30 pm on weekdays. 译文：这意味着它在工作日的下午六点半闭馆。 分析：本句是一个复合句。it closes at 6:30 pm on weekdays是省略了that的宾语从句，作means 的宾语。 答案详析 1.A根据上一句可知，英国曼彻斯特有一家新开的儿童图书馆；再根据下一句可知，但这里有超过1000种书可以满足孩子们的阅读需求。由此可推知，空处内容应是在描述该图书馆，且与空后内容构成转折关系，故A项“它不是很大”可承上启下，符合语境。 2.F 根据空后的He said可知，空后是一个人说的话。由此可推知，空处应该提到某个人，故F项“Joseph Coelho参加了这家图书馆的落成典礼”可引出下文，符合语境。 3.E 根据上一句可知，Joseph Coelho在图书馆和朋友们见面，一起读他们最喜欢的书；再根据下一句可知，他希望这家图书馆能成为孩子们阅读好书并享受乐趣的地方。由此可推知，Joseph Coelho在图书馆度过了快乐的时光，故E项“我们总能在那里度过美好的时光”可承上启下，符合语境。 4.G根据上一句可知，孩子们可以在上午九点半后进入图书馆看书；再根据下一句可知，这意味着它在工作日的下午六点半闭馆。由此可推知，空处内容应该和图书馆的开放时间有关，故G项“周一到周五，它每天开放九个小时”可承上启下，符合语境。 5.D 根据下一句可知，如果你有的话，你可以去这个图书馆免费阅读所有的书。结合备选项可知，D项“你有曼彻斯特图书馆的借书证吗？”可引出下文，与空后的If you do相呼应。 二 Kenya is a country in Africa. In the past, many farmers in this country 1 (plant)corn . But the sales were not good. Also, the weather changed a lot. 2 the farmers had to look for new plants to grow. 3 (fortunate),they found the avocado(牛油果）.It is a popular fruit around the world. Because of the special weather the avocado production(生产)season in Kenya lasts for eight 4 (month). Also, avocados bring more money than corn. So 5 is a good idea for farmers to plant avocados. Now, Kenya is the 6 (big) seller of avocados in Africa. its avocados travel 7 Spain, the Netherlands. the Middle East and Egypt. In August 2022. Kenya started 8 (sell) fresh avocados to China for the 9 (one)time. Maybe the last fresh avocado you ate is 10 this country. 长难句分析 原句：（最后一段最后一句）Maybe the last fresh avocado you ate is from this country. 译文：或许你吃的上一个鲜牛油果就是来自这个国家。 分析：本句是一个复合句。you ate为省略了关系代词的定语从句，修饰先行词the last fresh avocado。 答案详析 1.planted根据语境可知，在过去，这个国家的很多农民种植玉米。结合本句中的In the past可知，空处应用一般过去时，故填plant的过去式planted。 2.So 空前的“但是销量并不好。而且天气变化大”与空后的“农民们不得不寻找新的植物来种植”构成因果关系，故填So。单词位于句首，注意首字母大写。 3.fortunately幸运的是，他们找到了牛油果。分析句子结构可知，空处所填词在句中作状语，故填fortunately。单词位于句首，注意首字母大写。 4.months 此处指牛油果的生产季节长达八个月。空前有数词eight修饰，故填month的复数形式months。 5.it此处指对农民来说种植牛油果是个好主意。考察it做形式主语的结构；it is +adj/n +for sb +to do sth 6.biggest 根据空后的in Africa及语境可知，此处指现在肯尼亚是非洲最大的牛油果销售国。结合空前的the 可知，此处应填big的最高级形式 biggest。 7.to此处指它的牛油果被运往西班牙、荷兰、中东和埃及。根据空后的avocados 可知 travel to 运送去某地。 8.to sell/selling 此处指2022年8月肯尼亚开始向中国出售鲜牛油果。start to do/doing sth.“开始做某事”，为固定用法，故填to sell或selling。 9.first 此处指肯尼亚第一次向中国出售鲜牛油果。空前有定冠词the，故填one的序数词first。for the first time“第一次；初次”。 10.from或许你吃的上一个鲜牛油果就是来自这个国家。根据语境可推知，空处应填from，表示“来自”。 三 Eight-year-old Tommy opened his eyes. Then he got out of bed and walked to the kitchen. He got some food and ate them. The next morning, he woke up in bed and found some crumbs(面包屑)on his bed. What happened? He had no idea. Later, his mom told him “Dear, don't worry. You sleepwalked last night.” Sleepwalking is not strange in kids. About29% of kids under age 13 have this problem. They get better as they get older. Some adults（成年人)sleepwalk，too. Many sleepwalkers can't remember what they did at night. They often find out later from others. Scientists find sleepwalking happens in deep sleep, during the first few hours of the night. At that time, the brain(大脑) is sleeping, but the body is still awake. The sleepwalkers could walk around or do easy things. A few could even drive, study or paint. But sleepwalking usually lasts only a few minutes. Should we wake up sleepwalkers? It's not dangerous，but they will be confused(困惑的)when they wake up. The best way is to take them back to bed. Remember to do it quietly. Let them sleep. Tell them what happened the next morning. 1.What did Tommy do after opening his eyes? ① He ate some food. ② He left his bed. ③ He told a story to his mom. ④He walked out of the living room. A.①② B.②③ C.①④ D.③④ 2.The writer might think it is a(n)____thing to see kids sleepwalk. A. dangerous B. scared C. usual D. unbelievable 3.Which of the following is not mentioned in Paragraph 3? A. What sleepwalkers could do. B. When sleepwalking happens. C. Why sleepwalkers' body is awake. D. How long sleepwalking usually lasts. 4.If you see a sleepwalker at night, you'd better____. A. wake him up B. followed him C. have a talk with him D. help him go back to sleep 5.Where might the text be from? A. A diary. B. A science website. C. A report. D. A sport magazine. 长难句分析 原句：(第二段倒数第二句)Many sleepwalkers can't remember what they did at night. 译文：许多梦游者不记得他们在晚上做了什么。 分析：本句是一个复合句。what they did at night 是what引导的宾语从句，作can't remember的宾语。 答案详析 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Then. he got out of bed...got some food and ate it.”可知，Tommy 睁开眼后从床上起来，朝厨房走去，并且吃了些食物，故选A项。 2.C推理判断题。根据第二段前两句"Sleepwalking is not strange in kids. About 29% of kids under age 13 have this problem.”可知，梦游对孩子们来说并不陌生，29%的13 岁以下的孩子都有这个问题,故推断作者可能认为孩子梦游是很常见的事情。 3.C细节理解题。根据第三段的内容可知，科学家们发现梦游发生在深度睡眠的最初几个小时；当梦游者梦游时他的大脑在睡觉，但身体是醒着的；梦游者会四处走动或做些简单的事情;梦游通常只持续几分钟。由此可知，该段并没有提及为什么梦游者的身体是醒着的。 4.D 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The best way is to take them back to bed.”可知，当我们遇到梦游者时，最好的方法就是让他们回到床上睡觉，故选D项。 5.B 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要向我们科普了与梦游有关的一些事情，故推测文章有可能来自科普网站。 15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$