精品解析：江苏省常州市金坛区第一中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考英语试题

2024年秋学期常州市金坛区第一中学高三12月阶段性检测 英语试卷 (检测用时：120分钟 本卷满分：150分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Continue the work. B. Start a new project. C. Make a plan. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Coach and trainee. B. Mother and son. C. Friends. 3. What are the speakers doing? A. Getting on the plane. B. Providing meal service. C. Making an announcement. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Sports. B. Sleeping habits. C. Physical discomfort. 5. How is the man probably feeling? A. Confused. B. Annoyed. C. Happy. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman feel sorry? A. Her group members didn’t get on well. B. Her group didn’t accept the project. C. Her group didn’t perform very well 7. Who might the man be? A. The woman’s business partner. B. The woman’s professor. C. The woman’s boss. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How many eggs does the man order? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 9. How much will the man pay for his breakfast? A. £6. B. £7. C. £8. 听第8段材料，回答第10 至12 题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At an office. B. At school. C. At the woman’s house. 11. When will the speakers probably do the work together? A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 12. What will the man bring to the woman’s house? A. Pizza. B. Juice. C. Ice cream. 听第9段材料，回答第13 至16 题。 13 What is the woman’s destination? A. Mongolia. B. Russia. C. China. 14. What happened to the woman? A. She lost her ticket. B. She missed her train. C. She got to the wrong platform. 15. What does the man do? A. A map seller. B. A food supplier. C. A train repairman. 16. What is the man giving the woman? A. A map. B. Some food. C. Some clothes. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至20 题。 17. What does the speaker think of the graduating class? A. They are hard-working. B. They are experienced. C. They are gifted. 18. What is the speaker most likely to be good at? A. Modern painting. B. Fashion design. C. Photo taking. 19. Who will probably speak next? A. James Smith. B. Jane Goodman. C. Michael Watts. 20. What is the speaker doing? A. Organizing a meeting. B. Awarding prizes. C. Hosting a presentation. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We are lucky enough to have some of the world’s best art exhibitions in London, with collections that span centuries and are often masterpieces in their own right. From classical to contemporary works with visual effects and high-tech immersive experiences, these exhibitions in London are inspiring next generations. Paradox Museum London, Knightsbridge The Paradox Museum London is the capital’s most playful new exhibition space, designed to confuse and excite minds of all ages. Interact with more than 50 mind-bending exhibits across 25 rooms, following routes to pass through a mini mirror maze, a magical tunnel and a zero-gravity capsule (太空舱) for your friends and family. Healing Frequency, Moco Museum How better to mark the opening of a fascinating new museum than with a performance art exhibition by globally celebrated creative Marina bramović? Healing Frequency collects 12 works, including beds, chairs and benches in the artist’s signature (签名) crystals. Prepare to switch between the role of observer and participant at the new showcase as decades of Marina’s works explore art and human spirituality. Marilyn: The Exhibition, London Bridge Uncover the world of a Hollywood actress at a fascinating new exhibition at London Bridge. The showcase of 250 objects is loaned from Ted Stampfer, the world’s largest collector of souvenirs relating to the film star. Highlights include an identical dress Marilyn wore to sing Happy Birthday Mr President to Kennedy, and an original New York Daily newspaper from 6 August, 1962 announcing her passing a day ago. Exhibits go into the minute of her short life. The Formula 1 Exhibition, ExCel Centre Following runs in Madrid, Vienna and Toronto that drew in motorheads from far and wide, The Formula 1 Exhibition is open at ExCeL London. Get up close to souvenirs from the sport’s history in an exhibition combining audio-visual design, engineering displays and iconic Grand Prix cars. Best of all, state-of-the-art simulators encourage potential racers to experience what it’s like to sit behind the wheel and speed around the Silverstone track. 1. Which museum may inspire your child’s scientific curiosity? A. Paradox Museum London. B. Moco Museum. C. London Bridge Museum. D. ExCel Centre. 2. What do we know about the exhibition of Marilyn? A. The exhibits belong to London Bridge Museum. B. Marilyn used to work as Kennedy’s secretary. C. The dress exhibited was the same as Marilyn’s. D. Marilyn passed away on 6 August, 1962. 3. What can Healing Frequency and The Formula 1 Exhibition both offer? A. Special visual effects. B. Famous artists’ signatures. C. Performance art shows. D. Vivid personal experiences. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在伦敦举办的一些世界上最好的艺术展览。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据Paradox Museum London, Knightsbridge部分的句子“The Paradox Museum London is the capital’s most playful new exhibition space, designed to confuse and excite minds of all ages.(伦敦悖论博物馆是伦敦最有趣的新展览空间，旨在迷惑和刺激所有年龄的头脑。)”可知，伦敦悖论博物馆旨在迷惑和刺激所有年龄的头脑，所以可推论出它能激发孩子的科学好奇心。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Marilyn: The Exhibition, London Bridge部分的句子“Highlights include an identical dress Marilyn wore to sing Happy Birthday Mr President to Kennedy, and an original New York Daily newspaper from 6 August, 1962 announcing her passing a day ago.(其中最引人注目的是，玛丽莲在向肯尼迪唱《总统先生生日快乐》时穿过的一件同款连衣裙，以及1962年8月6日的《纽约日报》原件，该原件宣布了她一天前的死讯。)”可知，展出的那件连衣裙和玛丽莲穿过的一样。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Healing Frequency, Moco Museum部分的句子“Prepare to switch between the role of observer and participant at the new showcase as decades of Marina’s works explore art and human spirituality.(玛丽娜数十年来的作品探索艺术和人类精神，准备在新展览中从观察者和参与者的角色之间转换吧。)”和The Formula 1 Exhibition, ExCel Centre部分的句子“Best of all, state-of-the-art simulators encourage potential racers to experience what it’s like to sit behind the wheel and speed around the Silverstone track.(最重要的是，最先进的模拟器鼓励潜在的赛车手体验坐在方向盘后面，在银石赛道上加速的感觉。)”可知，Healing Frequency和The Formula 1 Exhibition都能提供生动的个人体验。故选D项。 B Air conditioning use has exploded in the last 30 years. According to U. S. Census data in1993, just about three- quarters of single family homes in the Midwest had air conditioning. In the West and Northeast, it was just about half. Now, all regions are pushing 100 percent air conditioning coverage. In the South, it’s been at about 100 percent since the early 1990s. As the cost of air conditioning installation has gone down, and temperatures have gone up, Americans have been offered an opportunity for a steady indoor temperature year-round, regardless of the weather outside. This drive for comfort forces us to disconnect from what’s happening all around us. A conditioned climate allows us to completely ignore the changing seasons and our warming planet. Only listening to people who agree with us — or trying to silence those who disagree — creates our own, individually conditioned realities. New York University professor and social psychologist Jonathan Haidt showed how the comforts of conveniences “atomize” our social structures. Each new technology that makes our lives easier also makes us less reliant on other people. Haidt’s big focus is on smartphones and social media, as explored in his recent book, but our society was cracking off into smaller and smaller pieces long before we had the robots in our pockets. Cars allowed us to shop in other towns, reducing reliance on local businesses. A television set gave something for people to do in the evenings, reducing the need to hang out with neighbors, and by extension, eroding community structures and institutions (often called “third places”, in contrast to work and home). Air conditioning allowed us to stay inside in the heat, limiting a play-based childhood where kids run around with each other and make their own fun. What if we all turned off the air conditioning for a bit, opened our windows, and truly experienced life as it was happening, not what we manufactured it to be? We might be a little less comfortable, but maybe a little more connected. 4. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs? A. Air conditioning easily shapes our individual personality. B. Air conditioned houses are more comfortable than others. C. Air conditioning can reduce our connection with the world. D. Air conditioning is accessible to every household in the US. 5. Why does the author mention Haidt? A. To promote his recent book. B. To illustrate technological advances. C. To praise human self- reliance. D. To reveal the harm of air conditioning. 6. What does the word “eroding” underlined in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Constructing. B. Destroying. C. Avoiding. D. Improving. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Turn off Air Conditioning for a Bit B. Experience Your Life to the Fullest C. Keep Away from Air Conditioned Houses D. Never Create Our Own Conditioned Realities 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章指出长时间待在空调房中会导致一些问题，以及其引用对手机和社交媒体的批判，间接影射空调的危害。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“This drive for comfort forces us to disconnect from what’s happening all around us.(这种对舒适的追求迫使我们与周围发生的事情脱节)”可知，空调会减少我们与世界的联系。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“New York University professor and social psychologist Jonathan Haidt showed how the comforts of conveniences ‘atomize’ our social structures. Each new technology that makes our lives easier also makes us less reliant on other people. Haidt’s big focus is on smartphones and social media, as explored in his recent book, but our society was cracking off into smaller and smaller pieces long before we had the robots in our pockets.(纽约大学教授和社会心理学家Jonathan Haidt展示了便利的舒适是如何‘原子化’我们的社会结构的。每一项使我们的生活更轻松的新技术也使我们对他人的依赖减少。海特的重点是智能手机和社交媒体，正如他在最近的书中所探讨的那样，但早在我们口袋里有机器人之前，我们的社会就已经分裂成越来越小的碎片)”可知，作者提到海特是为了揭示空调的危害。故选D。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“A television set gave something for people to do in the evenings, reducing the need to hang out with neighbors(电视机为人们在晚上提供了一些事情，减少了与邻居一起闲逛的需要)”以及后文“community structures and institutions (often called ‘third places’, in contrast to work and home)(社区结构和机构（通常被称为‘第三场所’，与工作和家庭相对）)”可知，电视机为人们在晚上提供了一些事情，减少了与邻居一起闲逛的需要，因此破坏了社区结构和机构，故划线词意思是“损害，破坏”。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“What if we all turned off the air conditioning for a bit, opened our windows, and truly experienced life as it was happening, not what we manufactured it to be? We might be a little less comfortable, but maybe a little more connected.(如果我们都关掉空调，打开窗户，真正体验真实的生活，而不是我们制造的生活，会怎么样？我们可能不太舒服，但可能更有联系)”结合文章指出长时间待在空调房中会导致一些问题，以及其引用对手机和社交媒体的批判，间接影射空调的危害。可知，A选项“暂时关掉空调”最符合文章标题。故选A。 C Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes — like swapping a frozen meat lasagne (宽面条) for the vegetarian option — could push the reduction to as much as 71%. Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options. Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households in The George Institute’s FoodSwitch database and global environmental impact databasets. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods (e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub-categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equivalent to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. The results of the study show the potential to significantly reduce our environmental impact by switching like-for-like products. “It showed that you can switch to lower emissions products while still enjoying nutritious foods,” Dr Gaines added. A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). “While ecoSwitch is a much-needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers, the vision is for compulsive display of a single, standardised sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded pro f Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. 8. What’s the function of paragraph 2? A. To set the stage for further explanation. B. To summarize the previous paragraph. C. To give supporting details for the writer’s argument. D. To make a comparison between different countries. 9. Why do researchers make a detailed classification for products? A To set up a comprehensive database. B. To figure out the detailed food categories. C. To measure emissions reduced by switching food. D. To ensure less air pollution caused by food options. 10. What do we know about ecoSwitch? A. It is popular in high- income countries. B. It checks the emissions of star products. C. It is a measurement system for a supermarket. D. It ensures wiser choices for food purchase. 11. What’s the best title of the text? A. EcoSwitch—a Reminder of Food Safety B. Dietary habits—a Factor of Physical Health C. Food swaps—a Way of Environmental Sustainability D. Greenhouse gas emissions—a Cause of Environmental Crisis 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的澳大利亚研究，该研究探讨了通过选择更环保的食品和饮料替代品来减少家庭杂货购买所产生的温室气体排放。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options.(首席作者艾莉森·盖恩斯博士说：“如果我们想要达到全球排放目标，特别是在像澳大利亚、英国和美国这样的高收入国家，饮食习惯需要发生重大变化。”然而，尽管消费者越来越意识到食品系统对环境的影响，但他们缺乏可靠的信息来识别更环保的选择)”可知，第二段引用了研究的主要作者艾莉森·盖恩斯博士的话，并提到消费者缺乏可靠的信息来识别更环保的选择，为接下来的研究细节和ecoSwitch应用程序的介绍做了铺垫。故选A项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods (e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups.(超过22,000种产品被分配到了主要、次要和子类别的食品(例如“面包和烘焙”、“面包”和“白面包”)以量化通过在同一类别内或跨类别更换产品所节省的排放量)”可知，研究人员对产品进行详细的分类是为了测量更换产品所节省的排放量。故选C项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第五段“A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions).(基于这项研究，目前在澳大利亚已经开发出了一款名为ecoSwitch的免费应用程序。购物者可以使用他们的设备扫描产品的条形码，并检查其‘行星健康评级’，这是一个衡量其排放的指标，以半颗星(高排放)到五颗星(低排放)之间的评分表示)”可知，ecoSwitch是一款免费的应用程序，它允许购物者扫描产品的条形码并检查其“行星健康评级”，从而帮助他们做出更加环保的食物购买决定。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文及文章第一段“Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in  Nature Food . Making bigger changes—like swapping a frozen meat lasagne for the vegetarian option— could push the reduction to as much as 71%.(根据澳大利亚乔治研究所发表在《自然食品》上的一项新研究，将食物和饮料购买转向非常相似但更环保的替代品可以减少家庭杂货产生的温室气体排放超过四分之一(26%)。进行更大的改变——比如用素食选项替换冷冻肉酱宽面条——可以将减排量提高到高达71%)”可知，文章主要讨论的是通过替换相似但更环保的食物选项来减少家庭杂货产生的温室气体排放的可能性，故C项“食物替换——一种环境可持续性的方式”适合作为文章的标题。故选C项。 D UK researchers found that the motion capture suit technology that brings characters to life in movies like Avatar can measure the severity of two diseases. The AI system analyzes some body movements that humans cannot pick up on, enabling quicker and more affordable disease diagnoses (诊断) and drug trials. Two separate studies were published in the journal Nature Medicine this year, Both detailed how wearable motion capture suits could be helpful in research on two different genetic degenerative (退化的) diseases that have no cure. One team at Great Ormond Street Hospital tested the motion sensor suits on patients with DMD, a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. To collect movement behavior data, the patients wore motion capture suits while completing everyday activities, such as standing up from a chair. The technology predicted how their movement would be affected six months in the future much more accurately than a doctor. Similarly, a team at Imperial College London tested the motion sensor suits on patients with FA, a genetic disorder that causes progressive nervous system damage and movement problems. They found that the AI could predict the worsening of the disease over twelve months, half the time it would normally take an expert. Researchers believe that the sensors could also speed up and lower the cost of clinical trials to test out new drugs for a broad variety of conditions. In particular, it may help trials of new drugs for rare genetic disorders bring the best possible profits for the lowest possible costs. One of the scientists who came up with the idea, Professor Aldo Faisal, believes that the technology of the motion sensor detectors “has the capability to transform clinical trials as well as improve diagnosis and monitoring for patients.” Professor Paola Giunti also said: “We will be able to try more drugs with fewer patients at a lower cost.” Following the success of the two studies, researchers are currently seeking approval from the authority for the use of motion capture for drug trials for FA and DMD. They are also gathering data for the new technology’s use with other diseases, which has far-reaching implications. 12. What is an application of the motion capture suit technology in medicine? A. Seeking a new cure for degenerative diseases. B. Enabling doctors to diagnose more diseases. C. Predicting how soon the patients will recover. D. Testing the effectiveness of some new drugs. 13. How did researchers find the worsening tendency for patients? A. By observing their daily motion. B. By analyzing their movement data. C. By developing their moving habit. D. By measuring their walking distance. 14. Which of the following can best describe the motion capture suit technology? A. Costly and time-consuming B. Complex and effective. C. Accurate and cost-effective. D. Advanced and popular. 15. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph about the new technology? A. Its appeal to the authority. B. Possibilities of its practical use. C. Concern over future studies D. Researchers with new visions. 【答案】12. D 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动作捕捉技术可以应用于测试新药，且更为准确和性价比高。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Researchers believe that the sensors could also speed up and lower the cost of clinical trials to test out new drugs for a broad variety of conditions. In particular, it may help trials of new drugs for rare genetic disorders bring the best possible profits for the lowest possible costs.(研究人员认为，这种传感器还可以加快临床试验的速度，降低临床试验的成本，以测试针对各种疾病的新药。特别是，它可能有助于治疗罕见遗传疾病的新药试验，以尽可能低的成本带来尽可能高的利润)”可知，动作捕捉技术在医学上的应用是测试一些新药的有效性。故选D。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“To collect movement behavior data, the patients wore motion capture suits while completing everyday activities, such as standing up from a chair.(为了收集运动行为数据，患者在完成日常活动（如从椅子上站起来）时穿着动作捕捉服)”可知，研究人员通过分析运动数据发现患者病情恶化的趋势。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The technology predicted how their movement would be affected six months in the future much more accurately than a doctor.(这项技术比医生更准确地预测未来六个月他们的运动将受到怎样的影响)”以及倒数第二段“Professor Paola Giunti also said: “We will be able to try more drugs with fewer patients at a lower cost.”(Paola Giunti教授也表示：“我们将能够以更低的成本，用更少的病人尝试更多的药物。”)”可知，动作捕捉套装技术准确且性价比高。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Following the success of the two studies, researchers are currently seeking approval from the authority for the use of motion capture for drug trials for FA and DMD. They are also gathering data for the new technology’s use with other diseases, which has far-reaching implications.(随着这两项研究的成功，研究人员目前正在寻求当局批准将动作捕捉用于FA和DMD的药物试验。他们还在为这项新技术在其他疾病中的应用收集数据，这将产生深远的影响)”可知，作者想在最后一段传达新技术实际应用的可能性。故选B。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you as good at things as you think you are? How good are you at managing money? Are you better than average at grammar? Psychological research suggests that we’re not very good at evaluating ourselves accurately. ____16____. This phenomenon is called the Dunning-Kruger effect. ____17____. On average, people tend to rate themselves better than most in health, leadership skills, and beyond. What’s particularly interesting is that those with the least ability often overrate their skills to the greatest extent. When psychologists Dunning and Kruger first described the effect in 1999, they argued that people lacking knowledge and skill in particular areas suffer a double curse (祸根). They make mistakes and reach poor decisions.____18____ In other words, poor performers lack the knowledge needed to recognize how badly they’re doing. The effect shows people usually do admit their weaknesses once they can spot them. This may be why people with average knowledge or skill often have less confidence in their abilities.____19____ Meanwhile, experts tend to be aware of just how knowledgeable they are. But they often make a different mistake: they assume that everyone else is knowledgeable, too.____20____ When they’re unskilled, they can’t see their own faults. When they’re extremely competent, they don’t perceive how unusual their abilities are. So what can we do? First, ask for feedback from others. Second, keep learning. The more knowledgeable we become, the less likely we are to have invisible holes in our competence. A. Actually, we often overestimate our own abilities. B. They all have incompetence they don’t recognize. C. In short, people are often caught in inaccurate self-perception. D. They know enough to know that there’s a lot they don’t know. E. This effect explains why people display imaginary superiority. F. Knowing how competent we are is more than a self-confidence boost. G. But those knowledge gaps also prevent them from catching their errors. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. G 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了邓宁—克鲁格效应。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Psychological research suggests that we’re not very good at evaluating ourselves accurately.(心理学研究表明，我们并不擅长准确地评估自己)”可知，选项承接上文说明我们是怎么评估自己的。故A选项“事实上，我们经常高估自己的能力”切题。故选A项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“This phenomenon is called the Dunning-Kruger effect.(这种现象被称为邓宁-克鲁格效应)”可知，选项承接上文具体解释邓宁-克鲁格效应的含义。故E选项 “这种效应解释了为什么人们会表现出想象中的优越感”切题。故选E项。 【18题详解】 根据上文“When psychologists Dunning and Kruger first described the effect in 1999, they argued that people lacking knowledge and skill in particular areas suffer a double curse (祸根). They make mistakes and reach poor decisions.(当心理学家邓宁和克鲁格在1999年首次描述这种效应时，他们认为在特定领域缺乏知识和技能的人会遭受双重祸根。 他们会犯错误，做出糟糕的决定”根据下文“In other words, poor performers lack the knowledge needed to recognize how badly they’re doing.(换句话说，表现不佳的人缺乏必要的知识来认识到他们做得有多糟糕)”可知，选项与上文为转折关系且引起下文，说明知识差距和发现错误的关系。故G选项“但这些知识差距也使他们无法发现自己的错误”切题。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“The effect shows people usually do admit their weaknesses once they can spot them. This may be why people with average knowledge or skill often have less confidence in their abilities.(结果表明，一旦发现自己的弱点，人们通常会承认。这可能就是为什么知识或技能一般的人往往对自己的能力缺乏信心)”可知，选项承接上文解释其原因。故D选项“他们知道有很多东西是他们不知道的”切题。故选D项。 【20题详解】 根据上文“But they often make a different mistake: they assume that everyone else is knowledgeable, too.(但他们经常犯一个不同的错误：他们认为其他人也都很有见识)”可知，选项承接总结上文。故C选项“简而言之，人们经常陷入不准确的自我认知”切题。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白外的最佳选项。 Nearly everyone has received texts from wrong numbers. But how many times do those texts ____21____ change people’s lives? Probably never. We usually choose to ____22____ them, but Tony Wood didn’t. He received an ____23____ message from a woman called Syd ____24____ an opinion on her formal dress. Wood had never met Syd, but he ____25____ the message to his children, who all thought Syd looked great in her dress. He took a picture of his children giving two ____26____ up and sent their opinions to Syd, but never ____27____ back from her. Several weeks later, Wood saw the text he sent to Syd with the picture of his children ____28____ on social media! Wood introduced himself to Syd and told her his son Kaizler wasn’t in the picture because he was being ____29____ for leukemia (白血病). This _____30_____ was enough for people to help Wood family. It started when a stranger joined the “Prayers for Kaizler” group and _____31_____ a page on a crowdfunding platform to help the family _____32_____ Kaizler’s medical costs. Donations started coming in from total _____33_____ and soon the Woods’ had $50,000. One wrong number text really _____34_____ this boy’s life, and one honest _____35_____ is all it took for people to help the family in need. 21. A. slightly B. obviously C. literally D. quickly 22. A. answer B. ignore C. refuse D. save 23. A. abnormal B. impolite C. illegal D. unusual 24. A. turning to B. relying on C. asking for D. dealing with 25. A. showed B. announced C. distributed D. reported 26. A. fingers B. thumbs C. palms D. hands 27. A. rose B. held C. heard D. kept 28. A. spread B. sold C. edited D. deleted 29. A. diagnosed B. cured C. treated D. prescribed 30. A. notice B. information C. picture D. text 31. A. look up B. fix up C. make up D. set up 32. A. spend B. collect C. cover D. raise 33. A. relatives B. strangers C. neighbors D. friends 34. A. changed B. ruined C. colored D. disturbed 35. A. explanation B. apology C. conversation D. response 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了托尼·伍德因回复了一条错发短信，反而帮助了患有白血病的儿子的故事。 21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但这些文字有多少次真正改变了人们的生活？A. slightly轻微地；B. obviously明显地；C. literally真正地；D. quickly快速地。根据下文“really”可知，这些文字有多少次真正改变了人们的生活？这是作者发出的心灵的拷问。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们通常选择忽略它们，但托尼·伍德没有。A. answer回答；B. ignore忽略；C. refuse拒绝；D. save节省。根据上文“Probably never.”可知，我们通常选择忽略错发的短信。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他收到了一条不同寻常信息，来自一位名叫西德的女士，询问他对她的正装的看法。A. abnormal不正常的；B. impolite不礼貌的；C. illegal非法的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据下文“message from a woman called Syd ____4____ an opinion on her formal dress.”可知，这是一条不同寻常的信息。故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他收到了一条不同寻常的信息，来自一位名叫西德的女士，询问他对她的正装的看法。A. turning to求助；B. relying on依靠；C. asking for寻求；D. dealing with处理。根据下文“He took a picture of his children giving two ____6____ up and sent their opinions to Syd”可知，这位女士在询问他对她的正装的看法。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：伍德从未见过西德，但他把这条信息给他的孩子们看，他们都认为西德穿着裙子很漂亮。A. showed展示；B. announced宣布；C. distributed分配；D. reported报道。根据下文“who all thought Syd looked great in her dress.”可知，他把这条信息给他的孩子们看。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他拍了一张孩子们竖起两个大拇指的照片，并把他们的意见发给了西德，但一直没有收到她的回复。A. fingers手指；B. thumbs拇指；C. palms手掌；D. hands手。孩子们对Syd给与了积极的评价，所以是竖起两个大拇指。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他拍了一张孩子们竖起两个大拇指的照片，并把他们的意见发给了西德，但一直没有收到她的回复。A. rose升起；B. held举起；C. heard听，得知；D. kept保持。根据下文“Several weeks later, Wood saw the text he sent to Syd with the picture of his children ____8____ on social media!”可知，但一直没有收到她的回复。固定搭配hear back from sb“收到某人的回复”。故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，伍德看到他发给西德的带有孩子们照片的短信在社交媒体上传播开来！ A. spread传播；B. sold卖；C. edited编辑；D. deleted删除。根据下文“on social media”可知，带有孩子们照片的短信在社交媒体上传播开来。故选A项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：伍德向西德做了自我介绍，并告诉她他儿子凯兹勒没有出现在照片中，因为他正在接受白血病治疗。A. diagnosed诊断；B. cured治愈；C. treated治疗；D. prescribed给……开（药）。根据下文“for leukemia (白血病).”可知，的儿子凯兹勒没有出现在照片中，因为他正在接受白血病治疗。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些信息足以让人们帮助伍德一家。A. notice通知；B. information信息；C. picture图片；D. text文本。根据上文“Wood introduced himself to Syd and told her his son Kaizler wasn’t in the picture because he was being ____9____ for leukemia (白血病).”可知，这些都是关于家庭的信息。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一名陌生人加入了“为凯兹勒祈祷”小组，并在众筹平台上建立了一个页面，帮助凯兹勒的家人支付医疗费用。A. look up查找；B. fix up整修，装修；C. make up组成；D. set up建立。根据下文“a page on a crowdfunding platform”可知，在众筹平台上建立了一个页面。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一名陌生人加入了“为凯兹勒祈祷”小组，并在众筹平台上建立了一个页面，帮助凯兹勒的家人支付医疗费用。A. spend花费；B. collect收集；C. cover支付； D. raise举起。根据上文“a crowdfunding platform”及空后“Kaizler’s medical costs”可知，众筹平台的目的就是为帮助别人，支付医疗费用。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：捐款开始来自完全陌生的人，很快伍兹一家就有了5万美元。A. relatives亲戚；B. strangers陌生人；C. neighbors邻居；D. friends朋友。根据上文“a stranger”可知，捐款开始来自完全陌生的人。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一条打错号码的短信真的改变了这个男孩的生活，而一个诚实的回复就足以让人们帮助这个需要帮助的家庭。A. changed改变；B. ruined破坏；C. colored给……涂颜色；D. disturbed打扰。根据上文“change people’s lives”可知，一条打错号码的短信真的改变了这个男孩的生活。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一条打错号码的短信真的改变了这个男孩的生活，而一个诚实的回复就足以让人们帮助这个需要帮助的家庭。A. explanation解释；B. apology抱歉；C. conversation谈话；D. response回复。根据上文“He took a picture of his children giving two ____6____ up and sent their opinions to Syd”可知，此处指回复。故选D项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hello Kitty, the iconic character created by Japanese illustrator Shimizu Yuko in 1974, currently ___36___ (celebrate) her 50th anniversary this year. Despite ___37___ (design) as a girl with whiskers, a red bow, and an expressionless face, Hello Kitty has become one of the most ___38___ (recognize) and successful global brands. Sanrio, the company behind Hello Kitty, generates nearly $4 billion annually from a wide range of products ___39___ (feature) her image, from fake nails to Adidas sneakers and even shower accessories. ___40___ (realistic), the character’s enduring popularity is part of a broader cultural trend in Japan known as “kawaii”, which refers to all things cute, and this phenomenon emphasizes both vulnerability and playfulness, which Hello Kitty embodies. Joshua Paul Dale, a specialist in Cute Studies, notes that the simplicity of her design makes her easily adaptable to various products, ___41___ other characters like Mickey Mouse, who has undergone redesigns. Hello Kitty’s rise coincided with significant societal changes in Japan during the 1970s, including more women entering the workforce and spending money on cute products. Struggling ___42___ the economy was, her appeal remained strong, because people sought comfort in her “fluffy” charm. Studies have shown that looking at cute things, like Hello Kitty, can reduce stress and boost mood, which may provide an ___43___ (explain) for her enduring allure. The character’s global reach grew as Japan’s cultural influence expanded in the late 20th century, with increased interest in anime and Japanese pop culture. Hello Kitty became ___44___ symbol of Japan’s “cool” factor, prompting the Japanese government to promote its culture abroad. Other companies, including those in China, have tried to replicate her success, ____45____ Hello Kitty remains the flagship character of Sanrio. Despite the emergence of new characters like Cinnamoroll, Hello Kitty’s timeless design and simple expression continue to captivate audiences worldwide. 【答案】36. is celebrating 37. being designed 38. recognized 39. featuring 40. Realistically 41. unlike 42. as##though 43. explanation 44. a 45. but 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了Hello Kitty是1974年由日本插画家清水由子创作的标志性角色，凭借其简单的设计和“卡哇伊”文化的影响，成为全球最成功的品牌之一，尽管经济不景气，其吸引力依然强劲，并随着日本文化影响力的扩大而进一步走向全球。 【36题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：Hello Kitty是日本插画家清水由子于1974年创作的标志性人物，今年是它诞生50周年。空处作谓语，根据时间状语“currently”和“this year”可知，此处表示正在进行的动作，应用现在进行时，主语Hello Kitty是第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is celebrating。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管Hello Kitty被设计成一个长着胡须、系着红色蝴蝶结、面无表情的女孩，但它已经成为最知名、最成功的全球品牌之一。空处作介词despite的宾语，需用动名词形式，且design“设计”与Hello Kitty之间是被动关系，因此用动名词的被动语态。故填being designed。 【38题详解】 考查形容词。句意：尽管Hello Kitty被设计成一个长着胡须、系着红色蝴蝶结、面无表情的女孩，但它已经成为最知名、最成功的全球品牌之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……之一”，recognize的形容词形式recognized“公认的，认可的”符合题意。故填recognized。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：Hello Kitty背后的三丽鸥公司每年从一系列以Hello Kitty为形象的产品中获得近40亿美元的收入，从美甲到阿迪达斯运动鞋，甚至淋浴配件。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，作products的后置定语，feature“以……为特色，以……为主要组成”和products逻辑上是主动关系，因此用feature的现在分词形式。故填featuring。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：实际上，这个角色的持久流行是日本一种更广泛的文化趋势的一部分，这种文化趋势被称为“卡哇伊”，指的是所有可爱的东西，这种现象强调脆弱和顽皮，这正是Hello Kitty的体现。空处修饰整个句子，realistic的副词形式realistically符合题意，意为“实际上”，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Realistically。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：“可爱研究”专家Joshua Paul Dale指出，她设计的简单性使她很容易适应各种产品，不像米老鼠等其他角色需要重新设计。空后为名词短语，结合“who has undergone redesigns”可知，此处指Hello Kitty与米老鼠等其他角色不同，因此用意为“与……不同，不像”的介词unlike。故填unlike。 【42题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：尽管经济不景气，但她的吸引力仍然很强，因为人们从她“蓬松”的魅力中寻求安慰。谓语部分的实义动词Struggling提前，句子使用了部分倒装，结合前后句内容可知，此处是让步关系，空处应用意为“尽管，即使”的从属连词as或though，引导让步状语从句。故填as/though。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：研究表明，看着可爱的东西，比如Hello Kitty，可以减轻压力，改善情绪，这也许可以解释Hello Kitty经久不衰的魅力。空处作provide的宾语，explain的名词形式explanation符合题意，意为“解释”，空前有an，explanation应用单数形式。故填explanation。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：Hello Kitty成为了日本“酷”元素的一个象征，促使日本政府向海外推广其文化。空处表示泛指，意为“一个象征”，应用不定冠词，且symbol的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：包括中国公司在内的其他公司也试图复制她的成功，但Hello Kitty仍然是三丽鸥的旗舰形象。空处前后均为完整的句子，前后句语义构成转折，空处应用意为“但是”的并列连词but，连接上下文。故填but。 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校计划举办主题为“极简电子产品生活方式—A lifestyle of digital minimalism”的英语作文比赛，请你写一则通知，内容包括： （1）介绍比赛目的； （2）说明参赛要求。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition Attention all students, We are thrilled to announce our upcoming English writing competition whose theme is “A lifestyle of digital minimalism”. The purpose of this competition is to encourage students to explore the benefits of simplifying their electronic product usage and embracing a minimalist approach to technology. Participants are required to write an essay discussing the concept of digital minimalism, its impact on daily life, and practical strategies for implementing it. Essays should be original, well-structured, and demonstrate a clear understanding of the theme. We look forward to receiving your insightful contributions. Best regards, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本书面表达是一篇应用文写作，要求用英文写一则通知，报道学校计划举办的主题为“极简电子产品生活方式”的英语作文比赛。 【详解】1.词汇积累 鼓励：encourage→inspire 要求：require→request 影响：impact→influence/effect 实施：implement→conduct 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Participants are required to write an essay discussing the concept of digital minimalism, its impact on daily life, and practical strategies for implementing it. 拓展句：It is required that participants write an essay discussing the concept of digital minimalism, its impact on daily life, and practical strategies for implementing it. 【点睛】【高分句型1】We are thrilled to announce our upcoming English writing competition whose theme is “A lifestyle of digital minimalism”.(运用了whose引导的定语从句) 【高分句型2】Participants are required to write an essay discussing the concept of digital minimalism, its impact on daily life, and practical strategies for implementing it.(运用了现在分词作后置定语) 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Little Girl Who Dared To Wish As Amy Hagadorn rounded the corner across the hall from her classroom, she knocked into a tall boy from the fifth grade running in the opposite direction. "Watch it , squirt(矮子)." The boy yelled as he passed by the little third-grader. Then, with a bad smile on his face, the boy took hold of his right leg and copied the way Amy limped(跛行)when she walked. Amy closed her eyes. Ignore him, she told herself as she headed for her classroom. But at the end of the day, Amy was still thinking about the tall boy's mean teasing. It wasn't as if he were the only one. It seemed that ever since Amy started the third grade, someone teased her every single day. Kids teased her about her speech or her limping. Amy was tired of it. Back home at the dinner table that evening, Amy was quiet. Her mother knew that things were not going well at school. That's why Patti Hagadorn was happy to have some exciting news to share with her daughter. "There's a Christmas wish contest on the radio station," Amy's mom announced. "Write a letter to Santa, and you might win a prize." Amy giggled. The contest sounded like fun. She started thinking about what she wanted most for Christmas. A smile took hold of Amy when the idea first came to her. Out came pencil and paper, and Amy went to work on her letter. Dear Santa Claus, My name is Amy. I am nine years old. I have a problem at school. Can you help me Santa? Kids laugh at me because of the way I walk and run and talk. I have a serious disease. I just want one day where no one laughs at me or makes fun of me.Love, Amy. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Amy's letter arrived at the radio station, manager Lee Tobin read it carefully. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly the postman in the community was a regular at the Hagadorn house. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 When Amy's letter arrived at the radio station, manager Lee Tobin read it carefully. He thought it would be good for the people to hear about this special third grader and her unusual wish. Mr. Tobin called up the local newspaper. The next day, a picture of Amy and her letter to Santa made the front page of the local newspaper. The story spread quickly. All across the country, newspapers and radio and television stations reported the story of the little girl, who asked for such a simple, yet remarkable, Christmas gift -- just one day without teasing. Suddenly the postman was a regular at the Hagadorn house. Envelopes of all sizes addressed to Amy arrived daily from children and adults all across the nation. They came filled with holiday greetings and words of encouragement. Amy glimpsed a world full of people who truly cared about each other. She was deeply moved by strangers’ words and thankful for their kindness . Many people thanked Amy for being brave enough to speak up. Others encouraged her to ignore teasing and to carry her head high. Amy did get her wish of a special day without teasing at school. Teachers and students talked together about how bad teasing can make others feel. 【解析】 【分析】本文由人物线索展开，讲述了一个三岁小女孩艾米，身患残疾，在学校总是被人嘲笑，母亲见状，便告诉她广播电台现在有一个圣诞愿望竞赛，鼓励小女孩给圣诞老人写信，最终小女孩向圣诞老人许下一个特别的愿望。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“当艾米的信到达电台时，经理李·托宾仔细地读了一遍。”可知，接下来要描述电台经历读到这封特殊信件之后的反应以及采取的行动，根据下一段第一句可知，邮递员成了艾米家的常客可知，艾米的故事一定被传播了出去，得到了社会的极大反响。 ②由第二段首句内容“突然间，社区里的邮差成了哈加多恩家的常客。”可知，艾米的故事和心愿受到了全社会的关注，对小艾米表示关心，让艾米感受到了爱与温暖，真正实现了她被人公正对待的心愿。 2.续写线索：艾米被学校男孩嘲笑——母亲了解了情况——鼓励艾米参加广播电台的圣诞愿望竞赛——艾米写信给圣诞老人——信件受到电台经理的关注——登报展示并受到社会关注——艾米收到了来自社会各界的关心——艾米实现了她的愿望。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①.打电话：called up / give sb a ring / place a call to ②.嘲笑：tease / laugh at/ make fun of ③.瞥见：glimpse / catch sight of 情绪类 ①.感动的：moved/ touched ②.感激的：silent / grateful/ appreciative 【点睛】[高分句型1]. He thought it would be good for the people to hear about this special third grader and her unusual wish.（运用了it作形式主语） [高分句型2]. Amy glimpsed a world full of people who truly cared about each other.（运用了who引导的限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024年秋学期常州市金坛区第一中学高三12月阶段性检测 英语试卷 (检测用时：120分钟 本卷满分：150分) 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每题1. 5分，满分7. 5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Continue the work. B. Start a new project. C. Make a plan. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Coach and trainee. B. Mother and son. C. Friends. 3. What are the speakers doing? A. Getting on the plane. B. Providing meal service. C. Making an announcement. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Sports. B. Sleeping habits. C. Physical discomfort. 5. How is the man probably feeling? A. Confused. B. Annoyed. C. Happy. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman feel sorry? A. Her group members didn’t get on well. B. Her group didn’t accept the project. C. Her group didn’t perform very well 7. Who might the man be? A. The woman’s business partner. B. The woman’s professor. C. The woman’s boss. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How many eggs does the man order? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 9. How much will the man pay for his breakfast? A. £6. B. £7. C. £8. 听第8段材料，回答第10 至12 题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At an office. B. At school. C. At the woman’s house. 11. When will the speakers probably do the work together? A. On Monday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 12. What will the man bring to the woman’s house? A. Pizza. B. Juice. C. Ice cream. 听第9段材料，回答第13 至16 题。 13 What is the woman’s destination? A. Mongolia. B. Russia. C. China. 14. What happened to the woman? A. She lost her ticket. B. She missed her train. C. She got to the wrong platform. 15. What does the man do? A. A map seller. B. A food supplier. C. A train repairman. 16. What is the man giving the woman? A. A map. B. Some food. C. Some clothes. 听第10段材料，回答第17 至20 题。 17. What does the speaker think of the graduating class? A. They are hard-working. B. They are experienced. C. They are gifted. 18. What is the speaker most likely to be good at? A. Modern painting. B. Fashion design. C. Photo taking. 19. Who will probably speak next? A. James Smith. B. Jane Goodman. C. Michael Watts. 20. What is the speaker doing? A. Organizing a meeting. B. Awarding prizes. C. Hosting a presentation. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A We are lucky enough to have some of the world’s best art exhibitions in London, with collections that span centuries and are often masterpieces in their own right. From classical to contemporary works with visual effects and high-tech immersive experiences, these exhibitions in London are inspiring next generations. Paradox Museum London, Knightsbridge The Paradox Museum London is the capital’s most playful new exhibition space, designed to confuse and excite minds of all ages. Interact with more than 50 mind-bending exhibits across 25 rooms, following routes to pass through a mini mirror maze, a magical tunnel and a zero-gravity capsule (太空舱) for your friends and family. Healing Frequency Moco Museum How better to mark the opening of a fascinating new museum than with a performance art exhibition by globally celebrated creative Marina bramović? Healing Frequency collects 12 works, including beds, chairs and benches in the artist’s signature (签名) crystals. Prepare to switch between the role of observer and participant at the new showcase as decades of Marina’s works explore art and human spirituality. Marilyn: The Exhibition London Bridge Uncover the world of a Hollywood actress at a fascinating new exhibition at London Bridge. The showcase of 250 objects is loaned from Ted Stampfer, the world’s largest collector of souvenirs relating to the film star. Highlights include an identical dress Marilyn wore to sing Happy Birthday Mr President to Kennedy, and an original New York Daily newspaper from 6 August, 1962 announcing her passing a day ago. Exhibits go into the minute of her short life. The Formula 1 Exhibition, ExCel Centre Following runs in Madrid, Vienna and Toronto that drew in motorheads from far and wide, The Formula 1 Exhibition is open at ExCeL London. Get up close to souvenirs from the sport’s history in an exhibition combining audio-visual design, engineering displays and iconic Grand Prix cars. Best of all, state-of-the-art simulators encourage potential racers to experience what it’s like to sit behind the wheel and speed around the Silverstone track. 1. Which museum may inspire your child’s scientific curiosity? A. Paradox Museum London. B. Moco Museum. C. London Bridge Museum. D. ExCel Centre. 2. What do we know about the exhibition of Marilyn? A. The exhibits belong to London Bridge Museum. B. Marilyn used to work as Kennedy’s secretary. C. The dress exhibited was the same as Marilyn’s. D. Marilyn passed away on 6 August, 1962. 3. What can Healing Frequency and The Formula 1 Exhibition both offer? A. Special visual effects. B. Famous artists’ signatures. C. Performance art shows. D. Vivid personal experiences. B Air conditioning use has exploded in the last 30 years. According to U. S. Census data in1993, just about three- quarters of single family homes in the Midwest had air conditioning. In the West and Northeast, it was just about half. Now, all regions are pushing 100 percent air conditioning coverage. In the South, it’s been at about 100 percent since the early 1990s. As the cost of air conditioning installation has gone down, and temperatures have gone up, Americans have been offered an opportunity for a steady indoor temperature year-round, regardless of the weather outside. This drive for comfort forces us to disconnect from what’s happening all around us. A conditioned climate allows us to completely ignore the changing seasons and our warming planet. Only listening to people who agree with us — or trying to silence those who disagree — creates our own, individually conditioned realities. New York University professor and social psychologist Jonathan Haidt showed how the comforts of conveniences “atomize” our social structures. Each new technology that makes our lives easier also makes us less reliant on other people. Haidt’s big focus is on smartphones and social media, as explored in his recent book, but our society was cracking off into smaller and smaller pieces long before we had the robots in our pockets. Cars allowed us to shop in other towns, reducing reliance on local businesses. A television set gave something for people to do in the evenings, reducing the need to hang out with neighbors, and by extension, eroding community structures and institutions (often called “third places”, in contrast to work and home). Air conditioning allowed us to stay inside in the heat, limiting a play-based childhood where kids run around with each other and make their own fun. What if we all turned off the air conditioning for a bit, opened our windows, and truly experienced life as it was happening, not what we manufactured it to be? We might be a little less comfortable, but maybe a little more connected. 4. What can we infer from the first two paragraphs? A. Air conditioning easily shapes our individual personality. B. Air conditioned houses are more comfortable than others. C Air conditioning can reduce our connection with the world. D. Air conditioning is accessible to every household in the US. 5. Why does the author mention Haidt? A. To promote his recent book. B. To illustrate technological advances. C. To praise human self- reliance. D. To reveal the harm of air conditioning. 6. What does the word “eroding” underlined in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Constructing. B. Destroying. C. Avoiding. D. Improving. 7. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Turn off Air Conditioning for a Bit B. Experience Your Life to the Fullest C. Keep Away from Air Conditioned Houses D. Never Create Our Own Conditioned Realities C Switching food and drink purchases to very similar but more environmentally friendly alternatives could reduce the greenhouse gas emissions from household groceries by more than a quarter (26%), according to a new Australian study from The George Institute published in Nature Food. Making bigger changes — like swapping a frozen meat lasagne (宽面条) for the vegetarian option — could push the reduction to as much as 71%. Lead author Dr Allison Gaines said, “Dietary habits need to change significantly if we are to meet global emissions targets, particularly in high-income countries like Australia, the UK, and the US.” But while consumers are increasingly aware of the environmental impact of the food system, they lack reliable information to identify the more environmentally friendly options. Researchers calculated the projected emissions of annual grocery purchases from 7,000 Australian households in The George Institute’s FoodSwitch database and global environmental impact databasets. More than 22,000 products were assigned to major, minor and sub-categories of foods (e. g. ‘bread and bakery’, ‘bread’ and ‘white bread’, respectively) to quantify emissions saved by switching both within and between groups. Making switches within the same sub-categories of foods could lead to emission reductions of 26% in Australia, equivalent to taking over 1.9 million cars off the road. Switches within minor categories of foods could lead to even bigger emission reductions of 71%. The results of the study show the potential to significantly reduce our environmental impact by switching like-for-like products. “It showed that you can switch to lower emissions products while still enjoying nutritious foods,” Dr Gaines added. A free app, called ecoSwitch, has been developed currently available in Australia, based on this research. Shoppers can use their device to scan a product barcode and check its ‘Planetary Health Rating’, a measure of its emissions shown as a score between half a star (high emissions) to five stars (low emissions). “While ecoSwitch is a much-needed first step in providing environmental transparency (透明度) for grocery shoppers, the vision is for compulsive display of a single, standardised sustainability rating system on all supermarket products,” concluded pro f Neal, Professor of Clinical Epidemiology at Imperial College London. 8. What’s the function of paragraph 2? A. To set the stage for further explanation. B. To summarize the previous paragraph. C. To give supporting details for the writer’s argument. D. To make a comparison between different countries. 9 Why do researchers make a detailed classification for products? A. To set up a comprehensive database. B. To figure out the detailed food categories. C. To measure emissions reduced by switching food. D. To ensure less air pollution caused by food options. 10. What do we know about ecoSwitch? A. It is popular in high- income countries. B. It checks the emissions of star products. C. It is a measurement system for a supermarket. D. It ensures wiser choices for food purchase. 11. What’s the best title of the text? A. EcoSwitch—a Reminder of Food Safety B. Dietary habits—a Factor of Physical Health C. Food swaps—a Way of Environmental Sustainability D. Greenhouse gas emissions—a Cause of Environmental Crisis D UK researchers found that the motion capture suit technology that brings characters to life in movies like Avatar can measure the severity of two diseases. The AI system analyzes some body movements that humans cannot pick up on, enabling quicker and more affordable disease diagnoses (诊断) and drug trials. Two separate studies were published in the journal Nature Medicine this year, Both detailed how wearable motion capture suits could be helpful in research on two different genetic degenerative (退化的) diseases that have no cure. One team at Great Ormond Street Hospital tested the motion sensor suits on patients with DMD, a genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and weakness. To collect movement behavior data, the patients wore motion capture suits while completing everyday activities, such as standing up from a chair. The technology predicted how their movement would be affected six months in the future much more accurately than a doctor. Similarly, a team at Imperial College London tested the motion sensor suits on patients with FA, a genetic disorder that causes progressive nervous system damage and movement problems. They found that the AI could predict the worsening of the disease over twelve months, half the time it would normally take an expert. Researchers believe that the sensors could also speed up and lower the cost of clinical trials to test out new drugs for a broad variety of conditions. In particular, it may help trials of new drugs for rare genetic disorders bring the best possible profits for the lowest possible costs. One of the scientists who came up with the idea, Professor Aldo Faisal, believes that the technology of the motion sensor detectors “has the capability to transform clinical trials as well as improve diagnosis and monitoring for patients.” Professor Paola Giunti also said: “We will be able to try more drugs with fewer patients at a lower cost.” Following the success of the two studies, researchers are currently seeking approval from the authority for the use of motion capture for drug trials for FA and DMD. They are also gathering data for the new technology’s use with other diseases, which has far-reaching implications. 12. What is an application of the motion capture suit technology in medicine? A. Seeking a new cure for degenerative diseases. B. Enabling doctors to diagnose more diseases. C. Predicting how soon the patients will recover. D. Testing the effectiveness of some new drugs. 13. How did researchers find the worsening tendency for patients? A. By observing their daily motion. B. By analyzing their movement data. C. By developing their moving habit. D. By measuring their walking distance. 14. Which of the following can best describe the motion capture suit technology? A. Costly and time-consuming B. Complex and effective. C. Accurate and cost-effective. D. Advanced and popular. 15. What does the author want to convey in the last paragraph about the new technology? A. Its appeal to the authority. B. Possibilities of its practical use. C. Concern over future studies D. Researchers with new visions. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Are you as good at things as you think you are? How good are you at managing money? Are you better than average at grammar? Psychological research suggests that we’re not very good at evaluating ourselves accurately. ____16____. This phenomenon is called the Dunning-Kruger effect. ____17____. On average, people tend to rate themselves better than most in health, leadership skills, and beyond. What’s particularly interesting is that those with the least ability often overrate their skills to the greatest extent. When psychologists Dunning and Kruger first described the effect in 1999, they argued that people lacking knowledge and skill in particular areas suffer a double curse (祸根). They make mistakes and reach poor decisions.____18____ In other words, poor performers lack the knowledge needed to recognize how badly they’re doing. The effect shows people usually do admit their weaknesses once they can spot them. This may be why people with average knowledge or skill often have less confidence in their abilities.____19____ Meanwhile, experts tend to be aware of just how knowledgeable they are. But they often make a different mistake: they assume that everyone else is knowledgeable, too.____20____ When they’re unskilled, they can’t see their own faults. When they’re extremely competent, they don’t perceive how unusual their abilities are. So what can we do? First, ask for feedback from others. Second, keep learning. The more knowledgeable we become, the less likely we are to have invisible holes in our competence. A. Actually, we often overestimate our own abilities. B. They all have incompetence they don’t recognize. C. In short, people are often caught in inaccurate self-perception. D. They know enough to know that there’s a lot they don’t know. E. This effect explains why people display imaginary superiority. F. Knowing how competent we are is more than a self-confidence boost. G. But those knowledge gaps also prevent them from catching their errors. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白外的最佳选项。 Nearly everyone has received texts from wrong numbers. But how many times do those texts ____21____ change people’s lives? Probably never. We usually choose to ____22____ them, but Tony Wood didn’t. He received an ____23____ message from a woman called Syd ____24____ an opinion on her formal dress. Wood had never met Syd, but he ____25____ the message to his children, who all thought Syd looked great in her dress. He took a picture of his children giving two ____26____ up and sent their opinions to Syd, but never ____27____ back from her. Several weeks later, Wood saw the text he sent to Syd with the picture of his children ____28____ on social media! Wood introduced himself to Syd and told her his son Kaizler wasn’t in the picture because he was being ____29____ for leukemia (白血病). This _____30_____ was enough for people to help Wood family. It started when a stranger joined the “Prayers for Kaizler” group and _____31_____ a page on a crowdfunding platform to help the family _____32_____ Kaizler’s medical costs. Donations started coming in from total _____33_____ and soon the Woods’ had $50,000. One wrong number text really _____34_____ this boy’s life, and one honest _____35_____ is all it took for people to help the family in need. 21. A. slightly B. obviously C. literally D. quickly 22. A. answer B. ignore C. refuse D. save 23. A. abnormal B. impolite C. illegal D. unusual 24. A. turning to B. relying on C. asking for D. dealing with 25. A. showed B. announced C. distributed D. reported 26. A. fingers B. thumbs C. palms D. hands 27. A. rose B. held C. heard D. kept 28. A. spread B. sold C. edited D. deleted 29. A. diagnosed B. cured C. treated D. prescribed 30. A. notice B. information C. picture D. text 31. A. look up B. fix up C. make up D. set up 32. A. spend B. collect C. cover D. raise 33. A. relatives B. strangers C. neighbors D. friends 34. A. changed B. ruined C. colored D. disturbed 35. A. explanation B. apology C. conversation D. response 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hello Kitty, the iconic character created by Japanese illustrator Shimizu Yuko in 1974, currently ___36___ (celebrate) her 50th anniversary this year. Despite ___37___ (design) as a girl with whiskers, a red bow, and an expressionless face, Hello Kitty has become one of the most ___38___ (recognize) and successful global brands. Sanrio, the company behind Hello Kitty, generates nearly $4 billion annually from a wide range of products ___39___ (feature) her image, from fake nails to Adidas sneakers and even shower accessories. ___40___ (realistic), the character’s enduring popularity is part of a broader cultural trend in Japan known as “kawaii”, which refers to all things cute, and this phenomenon emphasizes both vulnerability and playfulness, which Hello Kitty embodies. Joshua Paul Dale, a specialist in Cute Studies, notes that the simplicity of her design makes her easily adaptable to various products, ___41___ other characters like Mickey Mouse, who has undergone redesigns. Hello Kitty’s rise coincided with significant societal changes in Japan during the 1970s, including more women entering the workforce and spending money on cute products. Struggling ___42___ the economy was, her appeal remained strong, because people sought comfort in her “fluffy” charm. Studies have shown that looking at cute things, like Hello Kitty, can reduce stress and boost mood, which may provide an ___43___ (explain) for her enduring allure. The character’s global reach grew as Japan’s cultural influence expanded in the late 20th century, with increased interest in anime and Japanese pop culture. Hello Kitty became ___44___ symbol of Japan’s “cool” factor, prompting the Japanese government to promote its culture abroad. Other companies, including those in China, have tried to replicate her success, ____45____ Hello Kitty remains the flagship character of Sanrio. Despite the emergence of new characters like Cinnamoroll, Hello Kitty’s timeless design and simple expression continue to captivate audiences worldwide. 第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校计划举办主题为“极简电子产品生活方式—A lifestyle of digital minimalism”的英语作文比赛，请你写一则通知，内容包括： （1）介绍比赛目的； （2）说明参赛要求。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Welcome to Join the English Writing Competition ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The Little Girl Who Dared To Wish As Amy Hagadorn rounded the corner across the hall from her classroom, she knocked into a tall boy from the fifth grade running in the opposite direction. "Watch it squirt(矮子)." The boy yelled as he passed by the little third-grader. Then, with a bad smile on his face, the boy took hold of his right leg and copied the way Amy limped(跛行)when she walked. Amy closed her eyes. Ignore him, she told herself as she headed for her classroom. But at the end of the day, Amy was still thinking about the tall boy's mean teasing. It wasn't as if he were the only one. It seemed that ever since Amy started the third grade, someone teased her every single day. Kids teased her about her speech or her limping. Amy was tired of it. Back home at the dinner table that evening, Amy was quiet. Her mother knew that things were not going well at school. That's why Patti Hagadorn was happy to have some exciting news to share with her daughter. "There's a Christmas wish contest on the radio station," Amy's mom announced. "Write a letter to Santa, and you might win a prize." Amy giggled. The contest sounded like fun. She started thinking about what she wanted most for Christmas. A smile took hold of Amy when the idea first came to her. Out came pencil and paper, and Amy went to work on her letter. Dear Santa Claus, My name is Amy. I am nine years old. I have a problem at school. Can you help me Santa? Kids laugh at me because of the way I walk and run and talk. I have a serious disease. I just want one day where no one laughs at me or makes fun of me.Love, Amy. 注意： 1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 When Amy's letter arrived at the radio station, manager Lee Tobin read it carefully. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly the postman in the community was a regular at the Hagadorn house. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$