Unit 4 Grammar导学案 2023-2024学年牛津译林版英语八年级下册

金湖县育才初级中学师生共用导学案 课题：Unit 4 Grammar 班级：____________ 姓名：____________ 学习目标： 1．根据单词表，预习课本第54～56页的单词，能根据音标正确拼读这些单词。 2．通过预习，了解“疑问词十不定式”的用法。 3．了解must与have to的区别。 学习重点： 1. 学会正确使用“特殊疑问词+动词不定式”的结构。 2. 学会正确使用must和have to。 学习过程： （一）课前预习 一．通过预习，了解本课时的单词、短语和句型（英汉互译）。 1. hand vi.____________________ 2.review n. _________________ 3. return vt.___________________ 4.renew vt. _________________ 5. ask for help_________________ 6. remember to_______________ 7. return the books on time________ 8. in such a short time _________ 9．自学_____________________ 10.等等_____________________ 11. 上交_____________________ 12. 保持安静________________ 二．自主探究，请带着下面这些问题阅读教材。 1．“疑问词＋不定式”结构在句中可作哪些成分？ _________________________________________________________________ 2．must与have to用法有何区别？ _________________________________________________________________ (二) 课堂探究 1．Millie has decided what to read．米莉已经决定读什么了。 探究点：“疑问词＋不定式”的结构可用作_______、_______和_______。 [指点迷津] “疑问词＋不定式”结构的用法： (1)该结构的句法功能： “wh-词＋不定式”主要用作宾语。 We must think what to do．我们必须考虑怎么办。 I can't decide whom to invite.我不能决定该邀请谁。 除用作宾语外，还可用作主语、表语等。 When to leave has not been decided.何时离开还没有决定。 The question is how to find him.问题是如何找到他。 (2) why用于该结构的注意点： 原则上说，why后不接不定式，不过若不定式不带to，则可用why。 Why not go there at once?　为什么不马上去那儿呢？ Why argue with her?　为什么要跟她争论呢？ [注意]这类结构通常只用于谈论现在和将来，不用于谈论过去。 你昨天为什么不打扫房间？ 误：Why not clean the room yesterday? 正：Why didn't you clean the room yesterday? (3) how用于该结构的注意点： 有些动词后接“how＋不定式”作宾语时，how可以省略： Did you learn (how) to drive a car?　你学过开车吗？ 但是，有些动词后面接“疑问词how＋不定式”作宾语时，尽管其中的how在汉语中无需译出，但不能将how省略。版权所有 He knows how to play the piano.他会弹钢琴。 He showed her how to swim.他教她游泳。 (4)“疑问词十不定式”结构可以和复合句转换。 He asked where he would go shopping after supper. ＝He asked where to go shopping after supper.他问他晚饭后会去哪儿购物。 同义句转换 The teacher asked us how we could help him. The teacher asked us_______ _______ _______ him. 2．Wow，that's amazing!哇，那太棒了！ 探究点：表示“感到惊讶的”用单词 。 [指点迷津](1) amazing令人惊讶的，指物，为动词amaze的现在分词。 amazing news令人感到惊讶的消息 (2) amazed感到惊讶的，指人，为动词amaze的过去式和过去分词。 He is amazed at the amazing news.他对这个惊人的消息感到惊讶。 be amazed at/by（对……）大为惊讶的 I was amazed at her knowledge of English literature.她对英国文学之了解让我很惊奇。 [小试身手]单项选择 ( )We were all_______ at the_______ result. A. amazing; amazing B. amazing; amazed C. amazed; amazed D. amazed; amazing 3．We do not have to go to school at weekends.在周末我们不必上学。21cnjy.com 探究点：表示客观需要的“必须”用_______. [指点迷津]表示客观需要的“必须”用have to。 have to和must的区别如下： (1)两词都是“必须”的意思，have to表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要。 My brother was very well, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.21·cn·jy·com 我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事） He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）www.21-cn-jy.co (2) have to有人称、数和时态的变化，而must只有一种形式。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。2·1·c·n·j·y He had to look after his sister yesterday.昨天他不得不照顾他的妹妹。21·世纪*教育网 (3)在否定结构中don't have to表示“不必”，mustn't表示“禁止”。 You don't have to tell him about it．你不一定要把此事告诉他。 You mustn't tell him about it．你一定不要把这件事告诉他。 ( ) You_______ smoke in public. A. mustn't B. needn't C. wouldn't D. may notwww-2-1-cnjy-com （三）当堂检测 一．根据中文提示写出单词。 1．Have you read the film_________（评论）. 2. When did you_________（归还）the books to the library?2-1-c-n-j-y 3. If you want to keep the book for a long time, you can_________（续借）it．　　21m 4. The teacher told us to_________（交）in our homework. 5. There are so many__________（有趣的）books on the shelf. 二．单项选择。 ( ) 1. He didn't know where_______ his brother. A. find B. to find C. to finding D. finding ( ) 2. The children decide_______ their school yard this Friday afternoon. A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned ( ) 3. Students should learn how_______ problems. A. solve B. solving C. can solve D. to solve ( ) 4. -Excuse me. Could you please tell me_______ my car? - Sure. Park it right here. I'll help you. A. how to stop B. where to parking C. where to stop D. when to park ( ) 5. It's late. I _______ sleep here. A. must B. have to C. has to D. had to【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】 三．汉译英。 1．请告诉我怎样写作文。 Please tell me____________________ an article. 2．他不知道和谁谈有关旅行的计划。 He doesn't know __________________________ about the travel plan.【名 3．汤姆不知道去哪里找工作。 Tom is wondering__________________________ a job.21* 4．你已经决定买哪本书了吗？ Have you decided ___________________________? 5．这男孩在自学法语。 The boy __________________________． (四) 课后作业 一、用括号中所给动词的适当形式填空。 1. Mr Li showed us what _________________(do) first. 2. Sandy didn’t know who _____________(talk) to about the film. 3. We mustn’t ____________(smoke) in the library. 4. The Whites are discussing which colour ______________(paint) the walls. 5. I had to use the knife ________________(cut) the apple. 二、单项选择 ( )1. I advised __________ the library at once. A. him to leaving for B. him to leave for C. to leaving for D. to leave for ( )2. Mr Wu often tells us __________ in the river. It’s dangerous. A.don’t swim B. not to swim C. not swim D. not swimming ( )3. Remember ___________ off the lights when you leave the room. A. to turning B. turn C. turning D. to turn ( )4. I haven’t decided when ____________ a holiday yet. A.took B.taking C. to take D. take ( )5. Students in our school ________ know shouting is not allowed in the reading room. A.can B. must C. may D. need ( )6. ---- I like the party so much, but I ______ go home. It’s too late. ----What a pity! A. mustn’t B. have to C. may D. can’t ( ) 7. ---- Must I come at four o’clock? ---- No, you _______. A. don’t B. mustn’t C. don’t have to D. can’t ( )8. ----_______ I wash the clothes now? ----No, you ________. You ________ clean the room first. A. Must, needn’t, may B. Must, mustn’t, can C. Need, mustn’t, can D. Shall, may, may ( ) 9. ---Excuse me. Could you tell me_______ get to the nearest bank? ---- Sorry, I am new here. A. how can I B. how I could C. how to D. what I can ( ) 10. Linda doesn’t know ______about her problems. A. who to talk B. where to talk to C. who to talk to D. how to talk to ( ) 11. From March 23rd, 2013, anyone under the age of 14 _____ go into Disney’s US parks alone. A. couldn’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. mightn’t 教学反思： 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$