第09讲 宾语从句（讲义）-【上好课】2025年中考英语一轮复习讲练测（全国通用）

第09讲 宾语从句 目录 考情透视·目标导航 2 知识导图·思维引航 4 考点突破·考法探究............................................................................................................................... .5 考点一 that引导的宾语从句................................................................................................................ 4 1.that 引导的宾语从句的用法.................................................................................................................................... ...5 2.引导词that可以省略的几种情况............................................................................................................................... 5 3.引导词that不能省略的几种情况............................................................................................................................... 6 4.宾语从句的否定转移................................................................................................................................................... 6 考点二 if/whether引导的宾语从句..................................................................................................... 9 1.用whether，不用if的情况......................................................................................................................................... 9 2.用if，不用whether的况.............................................................................................................................................10 考点三 疑问词引导的宾语从句.......................................................................................................... 11 考点四 宾语从句的语序...................................................................................................................... 14 考点五 宾语从句的时态...................................................................................................................... 16 考向六 宾语从句的特殊用法.............................................................................................................. 18 1.宾语从句变反意疑问句............................................................................................................................................. 19 2.宾语从句的转化......................................................................................................................................................... 19 3.“疑问词+不定式结构”............................................................................................................................................... 19 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 宾语从句的连接词 · 正确运用宾语从句引导词：连接词that、if、whether；连接代词：what、who、which、whose和whom；连接副词：when、where、how、why等。 · 10年10考 宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子等。 宾语从句的语序‌ · 掌握宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 · 10年10考 宾语从句的时态‌ · 掌握宾语从句从句的语境和时态‌ · 近10年连续考查 目标导航： 1.掌握宾语从句的连接词、时态和语序问题 2.学会运用宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法 ❤锦囊妙计 1． 确定从句类型：设空处无提示词，先根据主句的主谓结构确定空处和空后的内容在主句中充当宾语。 2． 确定连接词： (1)从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、who、whom、which、whatever等。 (2)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。 (2)从句中不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether。 (3)从句中缺少状语，根据句意，选择用连接副词where (表地点)、when (表时间)、how (表方式)、why (表原因)等。 牢记宾语从句考点的记忆口诀: 一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变相应过;从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。 三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。 宾语从句:在复合句中作宾语的从句是宾语从句。 结构：主句+引导词+从句(陈述句语序：主+谓+其他) 宾语从句的连接词: 连接词 意义及例句 从属连词that 无实际意义，可以省略：He says （that） his father has gone abroad. 从属连词whether/if “是否”，不可省略：He asked me whether I would stay there for another two days. 连接接代（what/which/who/whose/whom/when/where等） 在从句中作一定的成分（主语、宾语、定语等）：He asked me whose coat it was. 连接副词（when/where/why/how） 在从句中作状语：She doesn’t know when she should go there.＝She doesn’t know when to go there. 考点一 that引导的宾语从句 知识梳理 that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。 1.that 引导的宾语从句的用法 1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：　 She says that she will help me learn English this evening.她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如： He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如： I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。 2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。 试比较： He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 ⑤由普通名词构成的专有名词：the Summer Palace颐和园等 【知识拓展】 当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如： The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。 2.引导词that可以省略的几种情况： 引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略： She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。 I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。 I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。 He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。 He thought (that) they would give him a visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。 I expect (that) the plane will be diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。 【注意】 有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略： That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。 3. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况： ①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略； He said (that) the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it. ②宾语从句前有插入语时； We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us. 恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们待在家里。 ③当it作形式宾语，后接that引导的宾语从句时。 I don’t think it polite that they left without saying thanks to us. 我认为他们不说声谢谢就离开是不礼貌的。 ④宾语从句为主从复合句，从句位于宾语从句的前部时。 I promised that if anyone came to set me free, I would make him king over the earth. 我许下诺言，如果有人来释放我，我就让他成为世界之王。 ⑤当that引导的从句位于介词except, but, besides, in等之后，作介词的宾语时，that通常不能省略。 They share little in common except that they are from the same country. 除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。 4.宾语从句的否定转移。 在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如： ①我认为今晚他不能来。 【误】I think he can’t come this evening. 【正】I don’t think he can come this evening. ②他认为我们现在不在教室里。 【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now. 【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now. 【知识拓展】 含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如： I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？ He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？ 即时训练 1．—Eric, do you know ________? —Yes, I know. It shows China has become stronger in the world. A．what the meaning of the Spring Festival is B．if foreigners are interested in the Spring Festival C．that the Spring Festival becomes a United Nations holiday 2．“We have forgotten how to be good guests and how to walk lightly on the earth as other living things do.” The sentence tells us ________. A．why should we take care of the earth B．what we can do to improve our manners C．whether we are rude to other living things D．that it is important to protect the environment 3．Young people are always told _________. A．if they should be more independent B．why should they be more independent C．that they should be more independent D．how should they be more independent 4．The idiom (成语) “one leaf knows autumn” tells us ________. A．why leaves fall in autumn B．how important the leaves are in autumn C．which kind of leaf knows autumn is coming D．that a falling leaf reveals the coming of autumn 5．He is so clever and I never doubt ________ he can work out problem. A．if B．whether C．that D．what 考点二 if/whether引导的宾语从句 知识梳理 当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。 I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。 Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。 He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。 一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。 1. 用whether，不用if的情况 ①与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。 I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。 I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. ②在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。 It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。 Success depends on whether we make enough effort. I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home. ③宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。 Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know. Whether this is true, I can’t say. ④在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。 We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气） ⑤在动词不定式之前只能用whether。 He doesn’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。 Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。 2.用if，不用whether的情况 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。 He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work. 【知识拓展】 注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。 即时训练 1．Could you please tell me ________? A．that Tom won the second prize in the singing competition B．where are you going to travel C．if you can help me solve these problems 2．—Would you mind telling me ________ he will attend the environmental meeting? —Of course not. He will attend it on time. A．though B．if C．unless 3．—Excuse me, I wonder _________. —Yes, it’s near the bookshop. A．when she will give a call B．if there is a new post office C．where we will go for the holiday D．whether we can go to HongKong 4．—I wonder ________. —Yes, it tastes really good. A．if this kind of zongzi is delicious B．where I can buy this kind of zongzi C．how much we should pay for this kind of zongzi 5．—Will you go to the cinema with me tomorrow, Tom? —I’m not sure. I don’t know _________ the work on time. A．whether will I finish B．whether I will finish C．where can I finish D．where I can finish 考点三 疑问词引导的宾语从句 知识梳理 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。 ①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。 （1）Do you know how old Li Ming is? 你知道兹几岁吗? （2）I know how old Li Ming is. 我知道莉兹几岁。 （3）I don’t know how old Li Ming is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。 宾语从句＂how old Li Ming is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。 ②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句 When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？ → Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？ → I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ → Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？ → Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。 Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？ → Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？ → I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。 ③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。 Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？ → Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？ → I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。 What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？ → Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？ → I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him? → We want to know what has happened to him. 即时训练 1．—James, can you tell me ________? — Paul? I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be shy and quiet. A．what is Paul like B．what Paul is like C．what does Paul like D．what Paul likes 2．—My computer doesn’t work. Do you know ________ I can ask for help? —You can go to the office to ask Mike. He is an expert. A．where B．who C．what 3．—I’m new here. Could you tell me ________? —Certainly. NO. 20 Bus will take you there. A．which is the way to the park B．when the park opens C．how far is the park D．where is the park 4．—I’ve found a pencil case on the ground. Do you know ________? —Maybe it’s Jack’s. He is looking for it. A．who it is B．whose is it C．who is it D．whose it is 5．We should punish ________breaks the rules. A．who B．whoever C．what D．whatever 考点四 宾语从句的语序 知识梳理 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主句＋连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如： 即时训练 1．—Excuse me. Could you please tell me ________? —Sure. Go along this street and turn left. It’s on your right. A．when I can get to the bookstore B．how can I got to the bookstore C．how I can get to the bookstore 2．—Could you tell me ________? —They returned to the Earth on April 30th, 2024. A．how did the astronauts of Shenzhou 17 return to the Earth B．how the astronauts of Shenzhou 17 returned to the Earth C．when did the astronauts of Shenzhou 17 return to the Earth D．when the astronauts of Shenzhou 17 returned to the Earth 3．—Would you like to tell me ________? —Of course. Practice makes perfect. A．when can I learn English well B．why do you learn English well C．how I can learn English well D．what can I do to learn English well 4．—Could you tell me ________ this year? —We watched the dragon boat races and ate zongzi. A．how you celebrated the Dragon Boat Festival B．where you celebrated the Dragon Boat Festival C．how did you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival D．where did you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festiva 5．—Could you tell me ________? —Once a month. A．how often do you go to the supermarket B．how often you go to the supermarket C．how soon you will go to the supermarket 考点五 宾语从句的时态 知识梳理 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 1. 主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态。 例1. He says that he likes listens to music.他说他喜欢听音乐。 例2. I know that she didn't tell you that she would go to America next month. 我知道她没有告诉你她下个月要去美国。 例3. He will tell us what happened to him during our absence.他会告诉我们，我们不在期间他出了什么事。 2. 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词通常用相应的过去时。 例1. The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon. 那个男孩说周日下午没有课。 例2. My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in. 我的语文老师问我他进来时我是否在读《红与黑》这本书。 3. 如果从句表示客观事实或真理，不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态，从句都要用一般现在时。 例.As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own. I didn't believe it. 孩提时，人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光，我不相信。 即时训练 1．—Excuse me. Could you please tell me ________? —Yes. It’s next to the supermarket. A．where the bank is B．where is the bank C．where the bank was D．where was the bank 2．—The giant panda Ya Ya has come back from the USA．Do you know ________? —For about 20 years. A．how long she will stay in the USA B．how long she stayed in the USA C．how long will she stay in the USA D．how long did she stay in the USA 3．The researchers of HUAWEI made an effort to describe ________ when their latest phone came out. A．whether 5G technology will change people’s life or not B．why 5G technology would improve the customers’ experience C．how soon would 5G technology be widely used around the world D．that 5G technology makes higher-quality video streaming (流媒体) 4．—What did the teacher say just now? —He asked me ________. A．who I am shouting at B．why I looked angry then C．when I will go to the concert D．how could I do the maths problem 5．Father once told me water ________ three forms: solid, liquid and gas. A．will have B．had C．has D．is having 考向六 宾语从句的特殊用法 知识梳理 1.宾语从句变反意疑问句 在由宾语从句作为陈述部分的反意疑问句中，“动词/主语看从句，肯定否定看主句”。此类宾语从句常用动词有think, believe, suppose, consider等。 I thought it was late, wasn’t it? I don't think he will come, will he？ 2.宾语从句的转化 （1）当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构（动词+to do）。 She agreed that she could help me with my maths. → She agreed to help me with my maths. （2）当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。 She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. → She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 3.“疑问词+不定式结构” 当主句谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。 I don't know which sweater I should buy. → I don't know which sweater to buy. （1）当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach，宾语从句由代词/副词引导，从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。 Could you tell me how I can get to the park? → Could you tell me how to get to the park? 即时训练 1．I don’t think she’s right, ________? A．do I B．isn’t she C．is she 2．I don’t think he’s ever been to the Monkey Island, ________? A．isn’t he B．hasn’t he C．has he D．do I 3．I don’t know ______ the problem. A．how deal with B．what to do with C．how to do with 4．Lucy had few close friends at school, so she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．who to talk B．who to talk to C．who to say D．what to talk 5．—Which dress do you like best, madam? —I can’t decide now. I really don’t know ________. A．which one to choose B．choose which one C．to choose which one 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第09讲 宾语从句 目录 考情透视·目标导航 2 知识导图·思维引航 4 考点突破·考法探究............................................................................................................................... .5 考点一 that引导的宾语从句................................................................................................................ 4 1.that 引导的宾语从句的用法.................................................................................................................................... ...5 2.引导词that可以省略的几种情况............................................................................................................................... 5 3.引导词that不能省略的几种情况............................................................................................................................... 6 4.宾语从句的否定转移................................................................................................................................................... 6 考点二 if/whether引导的宾语从句..................................................................................................... 9 1.用whether，不用if的情况......................................................................................................................................... 9 2.用if，不用whether的况.............................................................................................................................................10 考点三 疑问词引导的宾语从句.......................................................................................................... 11 考点四 宾语从句的语序...................................................................................................................... 14 考点五 宾语从句的时态...................................................................................................................... 16 考向六 宾语从句的特殊用法.............................................................................................................. 18 1.宾语从句变反意疑问句............................................................................................................................................. 19 2.宾语从句的转化......................................................................................................................................................... 19 3.“疑问词+不定式结构”............................................................................................................................................... 19 考点 课标要求 考查频次 命题预测 宾语从句的连接词 · 正确运用宾语从句引导词：连接词that、if、whether；连接代词：what、who、which、whose和whom；连接副词：when、where、how、why等。 · 10年10考 宾语从句是中考必考考点之一，主要考查的是时态及宾语从句的语序，有时也会考查宾语从句的引导词。考查的主要形式是单项填空、完形填空、短文填空和完成句子等。 宾语从句的语序‌ · 掌握宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序，即按照主语、谓语的顺序。 · 10年10考 宾语从句的时态‌ · 掌握宾语从句从句的语境和时态‌ · 近10年连续考查 目标导航： 1.掌握宾语从句的连接词、时态和语序问题 2.学会运用宾语从句的否定转移和特殊用法 ❤锦囊妙计 1． 确定从句类型：设空处无提示词，先根据主句的主谓结构确定空处和空后的内容在主句中充当宾语。 2． 确定连接词： (1)从句中缺少主语、宾语、表语，用连接代词what、who、whom、which、whatever等。 (2)从句中不缺成分且句子意义完整，用that。 (2)从句中不缺成分，句意缺少“是否”，用if/whether。 (3)从句中缺少状语，根据句意，选择用连接副词where (表地点)、when (表时间)、how (表方式)、why (表原因)等。 牢记宾语从句考点的记忆口诀: 一是关键引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变相应过;从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。 三是语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。 宾语从句:在复合句中作宾语的从句是宾语从句。 结构：主句+引导词+从句(陈述句语序：主+谓+其他) 宾语从句的连接词: 连接词 意义及例句 从属连词that 无实际意义，可以省略：He says （that） his father has gone abroad. 从属连词whether/if “是否”，不可省略：He asked me whether I would stay there for another two days. 连接接代（what/which/who/whose/whom/when/where等） 在从句中作一定的成分（主语、宾语、定语等）：He asked me whose coat it was. 连接副词（when/where/why/how） 在从句中作状语：She doesn’t know when she should go there.＝She doesn’t know when to go there. 考点一 that引导的宾语从句 知识梳理 that 是宾语从句的一个引导词，放在主句和从句之间。它引导的宾语从句由陈述句转化而来，故从句的语序不变。在that 引导的宾语从句中，that 作连接代词，无意义，在句中不作任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中通常可以省略。 1.that 引导的宾语从句的用法 1. 位置：that 引导的宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）、介词或形容词之后。 ①作及物动词，如：say，think，tell，know，hear，see，hope，wish，remember，forget等的宾语。如：　 She says that she will help me learn English this evening.她说今天晚上她会帮我学英语。 ②作介词的宾语：连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语，只用在except，but，in之后。如： He is a good boy except that he is careless. 他是一个好男孩，只是有点儿粗心。 ③作＂be + 形容词＂结构的宾语。某些形容词或过去分词后常接宾语从句，如：sure，glad，certain，pleased，sorry，happy，afraid等，连词that可省略。如： I’m happy (that) I passed the exam. 我很高兴我通过了考试。 2. 时态：主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据具体情况选用适当的时态；主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，从句中也必须用过去的某种时态。 试比较： He says that he wants to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 He said that he wanted to see him as soon as possible. 他说他想尽快见到他。 ⑤由普通名词构成的专有名词：the Summer Palace颐和园等 【知识拓展】 当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句的内容表示的是客观真理、事实、科学原理、自然现象、名言警句、格言、谚语等时，此时宾语从句用一般现在时，这些情况下不受主句时态的限制。如： The teacher told us that the earth goes round the sun. 老师告诉我们地球围绕着太阳转。 2.引导词that可以省略的几种情况： 引导宾语从句的连词that通常可以省略： She said (that) she would come to the meeting. 她说过要来开会的。 I promise you (that) I will be there. 我答应你我会去的。 I hoped (that) I would / should succeed. 我曾希望我会成功。 He thinks (that) they will give him a visa. 他想他们会给他签证。 He thought (that) they would give him a visa. 他本想他们会给他签证。 I expect (that) the plane will be diverted. 我料想飞机会改变航线。 【注意】 有时为了强调，that引导的宾语从句可位于句首，此时that不可省略： That she is a good girl I know. 她是一个好姑娘，我是知道的。 3. 引导词that不能省略的几种情况： ①动词后跟有多个that引导的宾语从句时，只有第一个that可省略，其余的不可省略； He said (that) the book was very interesting and that all the children like to read it. ②宾语从句前有插入语时； We hope, on the contrary, that he will stay at home with us. 恰恰相反，我们希望他和我们待在家里。 ③当it作形式宾语，后接that引导的宾语从句时。 I don’t think it polite that they left without saying thanks to us. 我认为他们不说声谢谢就离开是不礼貌的。 ④宾语从句为主从复合句，从句位于宾语从句的前部时。 I promised that if anyone came to set me free, I would make him king over the earth. 我许下诺言，如果有人来释放我，我就让他成为世界之王。 ⑤当that引导的从句位于介词except, but, besides, in等之后，作介词的宾语时，that通常不能省略。 They share little in common except that they are from the same country. 除了来自同一个国家之外，他们几乎没有共同点。 4.宾语从句的否定转移。 在think，believe，suppose，expect等动词后的宾语从句，当主句的主语是第一人称时，谓语尽管是否定的意思，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式，英语称这种现象为否定转移。如： ①我认为今晚他不能来。 【误】I think he can’t come this evening. 【正】I don’t think he can come this evening. ②他认为我们现在不在教室里。 【误】He doesn’t think we are in the classroom now. 【正】He thinks we are not in the classroom now. 【知识拓展】 含有＂否定转移＂现象的句子，主句的主语必须是第一人称，此时，变成反意疑问句，附加问句要由从句来决定；如果主句的主语是其他人称，附加问句要由主句来决定。如： I don’t think he is right, is he? 我认为他不对，是吗？ He thinks I can come, doesn’t he? 他认为我能来，是不是？ 即时训练 1．—Eric, do you know ________? —Yes, I know. It shows China has become stronger in the world. A．what the meaning of the Spring Festival is B．if foreigners are interested in the Spring Festival C．that the Spring Festival becomes a United Nations holiday 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——埃里克，你知道春节是联合国的节日吗？——是的，我知道。这表明中国在世界上变得更强大了。考查宾语从句。what the meaning of the Spring Festival is春节的意义是什么；if foreigners are interested in the Spring Festival外国人是否对春节感兴趣；that the Spring Festival becomes a United Nations holiday春节是联合国的节日。根据答语“Yes, I know. It shows China has become stronger in the world.”可知，选项C“that the Spring Festival becomes a United Nations holiday春节是联合国的节日”符合语境，故选C。 2．“We have forgotten how to be good guests and how to walk lightly on the earth as other living things do.” The sentence tells us ________. A．why should we take care of the earth B．what we can do to improve our manners C．whether we are rude to other living things D．that it is important to protect the environment 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“我们已经忘记了如何做一个好客人，如何像其他生物一样在地球上轻盈地行走。”这个句子告诉我们保护环境很重要。考查宾语从句。why should we take care of the earth我们为什么要保护地球；what we can do to improve our manners我们能做些什么来改善我们的礼仪；whether we are rude to other living things我们是否对其他生物粗鲁；that it is important to protect the environment保护环境很重要。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A项。根据“We have forgotten how to be good guests”可知，我们应该在地球上做一个好客人，因此表示要保护地球，保护环境很重要，故选D。 3．Young people are always told _________. A．if they should be more independent B．why should they be more independent C．that they should be more independent D．how should they be more independent 【答案】C 【详解】句意：年轻人总是被告知他们应该更独立。考查that引导的宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述语序，排除B、D；根据“are always told”可知后接宾语从句，tell后接的内容为陈述的事实，宾语从句应用陈述语气，因此用that引导。故选C。 4．The idiom (成语) “one leaf knows autumn” tells us ________. A．why leaves fall in autumn B．how important the leaves are in autumn C．which kind of leaf knows autumn is coming D．that a falling leaf reveals the coming of autumn 【答案】D 【详解】句意：“一叶知秋”这个成语告诉我们，一片落叶预示着秋天的来临。考查宾语从句和成语。why leaves fall in autumn为什么树叶会在秋天落下；how important the leaves are in autumn秋天的树叶是多么的重要；which kind of leaf knows autumn is coming哪一种叶子知道秋天来了；that a falling leaf reveals the coming of autumn一片落叶预示着秋天的来临。分析题干可知，空格处是宾语从句，宾语从句要采用陈述语序，成语“一叶知秋”表示“从一片树叶的凋落，知道秋天的到来”。故选D。 5．He is so clever and I never doubt ________ he can work out problem. A．if B．whether C．that D．what 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他很聪明，我从不怀疑他能解决这个问题。考查宾语从句。doubt“怀疑”，动词，后接宾语从句，分析从句可知，从句不缺成分，排除选项D；根据“He is so clever and I never doubt...he can work out problem”可知，他很聪明，所以应是从不怀疑他能解决这个问题，此处应用that，无意义，只起引导作用。故选C。 考点二 if/whether引导的宾语从句 知识梳理 当从句部分是一般疑问句或选择疑问句时，常用if或whether引导宾语从句，if/whether意为＂是否＂。说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在see，ask，say，learn，tell，wonder，doubt，find out，be uncertain /doubtful / be not known 等后，二者通常可以互换。口语中多用if代替whether。在非正式的写作中，可以使用if 或 whether 两个词来表达不定性，两者都算标准。 I wonder if/whether he is a driver. 我想知道他是不是个司机。 Lily asked if/whether she liked it. 莉莉问她是否喜欢它。 He asked me whether (if) I could help him. 他问我是否可以帮助他。 一般情况下，if和whether可互换，在口语中多用if， 而在以下几种情况下，只能用whether。 1. 用whether，不用if的情况 ①与 or 连用分别引导两个从句时，或强调两方面的选择, 特别是句中有or not时用whether，不用if。 I don’t know whether or not they will come. 我不知道他们是否会来。 I don’t know whether he is wrong or she is wrong. ②在介词之后只能用whether引导宾语从句，而If则不能。 It depends on whether I have enough time. 那取决于我是否有足够的时间。 Success depends on whether we make enough effort. I haven’t settled the question of whether I’ll go back home. ③宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，用whether，不用if。 Whether this is true, I can’t say. Whether he is single, I don’t know. Whether this is true, I can’t say. ④在某些动词（如discuss，decide）之后，只能用whether，而不用if引导宾语从句。 We discussed whether we should close the shop. （虚拟语气） ⑤在动词不定式之前只能用whether。 He doesn’t know whether to go or not. 他不知道是否会去。 Please tell us whether to go there or stay here. 请告诉我们是去那里还是待在这里。 2.用if，不用whether的情况 在引导否定概念宾语从句时，只能用if，而不用whether。 He asked me if I hadn’t finished my work. 【知识拓展】 注意：doubt否定句用that引导。因为don’t doubt 意为相信，不怀疑，if是否表示疑虑。 即时训练 1．Could you please tell me ________? A．that Tom won the second prize in the singing competition B．where are you going to travel C．if you can help me solve these problems 【答案】C 【详解】句意：你能告诉我你是否能帮我解决这些问题吗？考查宾语从句。根据“Could you please tell me…?”可知，此处应用宾语从句，用“陈述语序”，排除B选项；此处的宾语从句引导词不用“that”，排除A选项。故选C。 2．—Would you mind telling me ________ he will attend the environmental meeting? —Of course not. He will attend it on time. A．though B．if C．unless 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你介意告诉我他是否会参加环境会议吗？ ——当然不介意。他会准时参加的。考查连词辨析。though尽管；if是否；unless除非。分析句子可知，空处是宾语从句引导词，且宾语从句表示一种疑问语气，需用if引导，表示“是否”。故选B。 3．—Excuse me, I wonder _________. —Yes, it’s near the bookshop. A．when she will give a call B．if there is a new post office C．where we will go for the holiday D．whether we can go to HongKong 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我想知道这里是否有新的邮局。——有的，在书店附近。考查宾语从句。根据“yes”可知，宾语从句的引导词只能用if或whether；结合“it’s near the bookshop”可知，此处应询问某个地方在哪或是否有某个地方，故选B。 4．—I wonder ________. —Yes, it tastes really good. A．if this kind of zongzi is delicious B．where I can buy this kind of zongzi C．how much we should pay for this kind of zongzi 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想知道这种粽子好吃吗？——是的，味道很好。考查宾语从句。if是否；where在哪里；how much多少。根据“it tastes really good.”可知，空处是询问粽子是否美味可口。故选A。 5．—Will you go to the cinema with me tomorrow, Tom? —I’m not sure. I don’t know _________ the work on time. A．whether will I finish B．whether I will finish C．where can I finish D．where I can finish 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——汤姆，明天你愿意和我一起去看电影吗？——我不确定。我不知道我是否能按时完成这项工作。考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除AC选项；根据“I don’t know ... the work on time.”可知，此处指不知道是否可以按时完成工作，用whether引导宾语从句。故选B。 考点三 疑问词引导的宾语从句 知识梳理 特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，由疑问词 when, who, what, where, whatever, how，which, why等引导。宾语从句的词序一律用陈述句的词序，即＂主语+谓语＂词序。 ①带有系动词be（is，am，are，was,were)的特殊疑问句。 （1）Do you know how old Li Ming is? 你知道兹几岁吗? （2）I know how old Li Ming is. 我知道莉兹几岁。 （3）I don’t know how old Li Ming is. 我不知道莉兹几岁。 宾语从句＂how old Li Ming is＂是主句动词know的宾语。how在从句中作副词。注意从句的顺序，主语在动词前（Liz is)。 ②带有（情态）助动词is/am/are/have/has/can/should等的特殊疑问句 When is Ann going to lran? 安什么时候去伊朗？ → Do you know when Ann is going to lran? 你知道安什么时候去伊朗吗？ → I don’t know when Ann is going to lran. 我不知道安什么时候去伊朗。 What should I do? 我该怎么办？ → Can you tell me what I should do? 你能告诉我，我该怎么办吗？ → Please tell me what I should do. 请告诉我，我该怎么办。 Where has Ron gone? 朗去了哪里？ → Do you know where Ron has gone? 你知道朗去了哪里吗？ → I don’t know where Ron has gone. 我不知道朗去了哪里。 ③带有助动词do/does/did的特殊疑问句。 Where did I put my wedding ring? 我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了？ → Do you know where I put my wedding ring? 你知道我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了吗？ → I don’t remember where I put my wedding ring. 我不记得我把我的结婚戒指放在哪里了。 What does Sue think about Lulu? 苏对露露的看法是什么？ → Do you know what Sue thinks about Lulu? 你知道苏对露露的看法是什么吗？ → I know what Sue thinks about Lulu. 我知道苏对露露的看法是什么。 注意： （1）由于宾语从句要求陈述句语序，故而在从句中它变成了陈述语序。请看下列两组句子： How much does this coat cost? → I want to know how much this coat costs. Where did you go yesterday? → Please tell me where you went yesterday. （2）当疑问代词what、who在特殊疑问句中作主语时，该特殊疑问句本身就是陈述句语序，所以当该句用来作宾语时，语序不需要调整。 What’s wrong with you? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was wrong with her. What’s the matter? 怎么了？ → He asked the girl what was the matter. What has happened to him? → We want to know what has happened to him. 即时训练 1．—James, can you tell me ________? — Paul? I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be shy and quiet. A．what is Paul like B．what Paul is like C．what does Paul like D．what Paul likes 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——詹姆斯，你能告诉我保罗是什么样的人吗？——保罗？我已经很多年没见到他了。他过去很害羞，很安静。考查宾语从句。根据“James, can you tell me…”可知，空处为宾语从句，从句语序应为陈述句语序，排除A和D；根据“He used to be shy and quiet.”可知，询问保罗是什么样的人，应用what...be like。故选B。 2．—My computer doesn’t work. Do you know ________ I can ask for help? —You can go to the office to ask Mike. He is an expert. A．where B．who C．what 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我的电脑坏了。你知道我可以向谁求助吗？——你可以去办公室问迈克。他是专家。 考查宾语从句。分析题干可知，空格处是宾语从句的引导词，根据答语“You can go to the office to ask Mike.”可知，问句提问对方是否知道可以向谁寻求帮助，所以宾语从句应该用who引导。故选B。 3．—I’m new here. Could you tell me ________? —Certainly. NO. 20 Bus will take you there. A．which is the way to the park B．when the park opens C．how far is the park D．where is the park 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我是新来的。你能告诉我哪一个是去公园的路吗？——当然。20路公交将带你去那儿。 考查宾语从句。宾语从句应是陈述句语序，所以排除CD，由于“NO. 20 Bus will take you there.”可知“哪一个是去公园的路”符合语境。故选A。 4．—I’ve found a pencil case on the ground. Do you know ________? —Maybe it’s Jack’s. He is looking for it. A．who it is B．whose is it C．who is it D．whose it is 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我发现了地板上有一个铅笔盒。你知道它是谁的吗？——也许它是杰克的。他正在寻找它。考查whose引导的宾语从句。结合选项可知动词know后接宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序。排除B、C；who it is它是谁；whose it is它是谁的。根据答句“Maybe it’s Jack’s.”可知询问东西是谁的应用whose来提问，因此该句为whose引导的宾语从句。故选D。 5．We should punish ________breaks the rules. A．who B．whoever C．what D．whatever 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我们应该惩罚任何违反规则的人。考查宾语从句引导词。who谁；whoever无论谁、任何人；what什么；whatever无论什么。根据句意，可知是无论任何人违反规则都应该受到惩罚，因此whoever符合题意。故选B。 考点四 宾语从句的语序 知识梳理 宾语从句要用陈述语序，即“主句＋连接词＋主语＋谓语＋其他”。如： 即时训练 1．—Excuse me. Could you please tell me ________? —Sure. Go along this street and turn left. It’s on your right. A．when I can get to the bookstore B．how can I got to the bookstore C．how I can get to the bookstore 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——打扰一下。你能告诉我怎么到达书店吗？——当然。沿着这条街走并向左转。它在你的右边。考查宾语从句的用法。分析句子结构可知，本句是一个宾语从句。在宾语从句中，宾语从句的语序需用陈述句的语序，排除B项；且根据答语“Go along this street and turn left. It’s on your right.”可知，此句是指路的句型，提问应用特殊疑问词how。故选C。 2．—Could you tell me ________? —They returned to the Earth on April 30th, 2024. A．how did the astronauts of Shenzhou 17 return to the Earth B．how the astronauts of Shenzhou 17 returned to the Earth C．when did the astronauts of Shenzhou 17 return to the Earth D．when the astronauts of Shenzhou 17 returned to the Earth 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我神舟十七号何时返回地球吗？——他们于2024年4月30日安全返回地球。 考查宾语从句用法。宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除A和C。再根据答语“They returned to the Earth on April 30th, 2024.”可知，问句询问的是时间，故选D。 3．—Would you like to tell me ________? —Of course. Practice makes perfect. A．when can I learn English well B．why do you learn English well C．how I can learn English well D．what can I do to learn English well 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你愿意告诉我怎样才能学好英语吗？——当然。熟能生巧。考查宾语从句的语序。根据“Would you like to tell me...?”和选项可知，此处考查宾语从句，宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，因此排除选项ABD。故选C。 4．—Could you tell me ________ this year? —We watched the dragon boat races and ate zongzi. A．how you celebrated the Dragon Boat Festival B．where you celebrated the Dragon Boat Festival C．how did you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival D．where did you celebrate the Dragon Boat Festiva 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你今年是怎么庆祝端午节的吗？——我们看了龙舟赛，吃了粽子。考查宾语从句。分析句子可知此处是宾语从句，宾语从句需是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语动词”，故C选项和D选项错误；根据“We watched the dragon boat races and ate zongzi.”可知，观看龙舟赛和吃粽子是庆祝端午节的方式，不是地点，故A正确，B错误。故选A。 5．—Could you tell me ________? —Once a month. A．how often do you go to the supermarket B．how often you go to the supermarket C．how soon you will go to the supermarket 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你多久去一次超市吗？——每月一次。考查宾语从句。how often do you go to the supermarket你多久去一次超市，疑问语序；how often you go to the supermarket你多久去一次超市，陈述语序；how soon you will go to the supermarket你多久后去超市。根据“Once a month.”可知，应是提问频率，用how often提问，宾语从句用陈述语序。故选B。 考点五 宾语从句的时态 知识梳理 一般情况下，宾语从句须与主句的时态保持一致，即主句是一般现在时，从句可根据具体情况选用合适的时态；主句为过去的某种时态，从句须用相应的过去的某种时态。当从句的内容为真理或客观事实时，须用一般现在时。 1. 主句的谓语动词如果是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何所需要的时态。 例1. He says that he likes listens to music.他说他喜欢听音乐。 例2. I know that she didn't tell you that she would go to America next month. 我知道她没有告诉你她下个月要去美国。 例3. He will tell us what happened to him during our absence.他会告诉我们，我们不在期间他出了什么事。 2. 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，从句的谓语动词通常用相应的过去时。 例1. The boy said that there were no classes on Sunday afternoon. 那个男孩说周日下午没有课。 例2. My Chinese teacher asked me if I was reading the book Red and Black when he came in. 我的语文老师问我他进来时我是否在读《红与黑》这本书。 3. 如果从句表示客观事实或真理，不管主句的谓语动词是何种时态，从句都要用一般现在时。 例.As a child, I was told that the moon has no light of its own. I didn't believe it. 孩提时，人们告诉我月亮自身不会发光，我不相信。 即时训练 1．—Excuse me. Could you please tell me ________? —Yes. It’s next to the supermarket. A．where the bank is B．where is the bank C．where the bank was D．where was the bank 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——打扰了。你能告诉我银行在哪儿吗？——好的。它在超市旁边。考查宾语从句。根据“Could you please tell me”可知，该句是宾语从句，使用陈述语序，因此排除选项B和选项D；结合“It’s next to the supermarket.”可知，该句使用一般现在时。故选A。 2．—The giant panda Ya Ya has come back from the USA．Do you know ________? —For about 20 years. A．how long she will stay in the USA B．how long she stayed in the USA C．how long will she stay in the USA D．how long did she stay in the USA 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——大熊猫丫丫已经从美国回来了。你知道她在美国待了多久吗？——大约20年。考查宾语从句。在宾语从句中，应使用陈述句语序，因此排除C和D。根据“The giant panda Ya Ya has come back from the USA.”可知，丫丫已经从美国回来了，所以应该询问她在美国待了多久，而不是她将在美国待多久。故选B。 3．The researchers of HUAWEI made an effort to describe ________ when their latest phone came out. A．whether 5G technology will change people’s life or not B．why 5G technology would improve the customers’ experience C．how soon would 5G technology be widely used around the world D．that 5G technology makes higher-quality video streaming (流媒体) 【答案】B 【详解】句意：华为的研究人员在最新手机发布时努力描述为什么5G技术会改善客户的体验。考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空格处为宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，排除选项C；又根据“made an effort”可知，主句为一般过去时，从句用相应的过去时态，排除选项A和D，故选B。 4．—What did the teacher say just now? —He asked me ________. A．who I am shouting at B．why I looked angry then C．when I will go to the concert D．how could I do the maths problem 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——老师刚才说了什么？——他问我当时为什么看起来很生气。考查宾语从句。who I am shouting at我在对谁喊；why I looked angry them我当时为什么看起来很生气；when I will go to the concert我什么时候去听音乐会；how could I do the maths problem我怎么做这道数学题。根据“He asked me”可知，此处是宾语从句，应该用陈述语序，排除D项。此句主句是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态遵循“主过从必过”原则，所以选项A和C时态不妥。故选B。 5．Father once told me water ________ three forms: solid, liquid and gas. A．will have B．had C．has D．is having 【答案】C 【详解】句意：爸爸曾经告诉我水有三种形态：固体、液体和气体。考查宾语从句的时态。根据“Father once told me water”可知，此处为省略引导词that的宾语从句，空格处为从句的谓语动词，根据“water...three forms: solid, liquid and gas”可知，水有三种形态：固体、液体和气体，这是一个客观真理，故句子时态应遵循“从真永一现”原则，即从句表示客观真理，则应用一般现在时，由于从句主语water为第三人称单数，故此处应用have的三单形式has。故选C。 考向六 宾语从句的特殊用法 知识梳理 1.宾语从句变反意疑问句 在由宾语从句作为陈述部分的反意疑问句中，“动词/主语看从句，肯定否定看主句”。此类宾语从句常用动词有think, believe, suppose, consider等。 I thought it was late, wasn’t it? I don't think he will come, will he？ 2.宾语从句的转化 （1）当主句谓语动词是hope, wish, decide, forget, plan, agree等，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构（动词+to do）。 She agreed that she could help me with my maths. → She agreed to help me with my maths. （2）当主句谓语动词是find, see, watch, hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。 She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground. → She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground. 3.“疑问词+不定式结构” 当主句谓语动词是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语，且主句与从句主语相同时，从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。 I don't know which sweater I should buy. → I don't know which sweater to buy. （1）当主句谓语动词是ask, tell, show, teach，宾语从句由代词/副词引导，从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。 Could you tell me how I can get to the park? → Could you tell me how to get to the park? 即时训练 1．I don’t think she’s right, ________? A．do I B．isn’t she C．is she 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我认为她不对，是吗？考查反意疑问句。I think后面接从句，当从句是否定句时要否定前移，其反意疑问句要看从句，从句主语是she，反意疑问句构成用she，排除选项A；句子是否定句，所以“前否后肯”，后面用肯定，排除选项B。故选C。 2．I don’t think he’s ever been to the Monkey Island, ________? A．isn’t he B．hasn’t he C．has he D．do I 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我认为他从没去过猴岛，对吧？考查反意疑问句。反义疑问句遵循“前肯后否，前否后肯”。陈述句是宾语从句，且是“否定前移”的结构，所以从句是否定句。反意疑问句和宾语从句保持一致，反问部分用肯定，排除AB选项；从句是现在完成时，所以应用助动词has，故选C。 3．I don’t know ______ the problem. A．how deal with B．what to do with C．how to do with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不知道如何处理这个问题。考查疑问词+不定式。deal with处理，与how连用；do with处理，与what连用，排除C；同时 “疑问词+不定式” 作know的宾语，可以等效为宾语从句，排除A。故选B。 4．Lucy had few close friends at school, so she didn’t know ________ about the trouble. A．who to talk B．who to talk to C．who to say D．what to talk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：露西在学校没有几个亲密的朋友，所以她不知道该向谁倾诉她的烦恼。考查疑问词+不定式结构。talk谈论；talk to和……交谈；say说，后接说话内容。根据“she didn’t know ... about the trouble”可知，此处指关于她的烦恼，她不知道该和谁交谈，who to talk to符合题意。故选B。 5．—Which dress do you like best, madam? —I can’t decide now. I really don’t know ________. A．which one to choose B．choose which one C．to choose which one 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——夫人，您最喜欢哪件衣服？——我现在不能决定。我真不知道该选哪一件。 考查疑问词+动词不定式。根据“I can't decide now. I really don’t know”可知，此处指的是“不知道选择哪一件”，英语结构可用“疑问词+不定式”，在句中作宾语，“哪一件”which one，其后接动词不定式。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 21 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$