精品解析：陕西省安康市安康市高新中学，安中分校12月联考2024-2025学年高二上学期12月月考英语试题

安康市高新中学高二年级月考试卷 英语 时长120分钟 满分：150分 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题： 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman think of her vacation? A. Exciting. B. Tiring. C. Disappointing. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. What to buy. B. Where to eat. C. When to set off. 3. How many students are there in the dorm now? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Boss and employee. C. Teacher and student. 5. Why will Anna leave her job? A. To look after her kids. B. To treat her illness. C. To run a store. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man want to buy at first? A. A sofa. B. A table. C. A lamp. 7. What are the speakers likely to do? A. Shop for a sofa. B. Remove the lamp. C. Read some books. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What did David do last night? A. He went to a concert. B. He practiced the violin. C. He watched a soccer game. 9. Who works in the hospital? A. Tina. B. Mary’s father. C. Mary’s mother. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What do Jack’s parents want him to be? A. A historian. B. A scientist. C. A doctor. 11. In which subject did Jack get an A? A. French. B. History. C. Science. 12. What does the woman advise Jack to do? A. Study medicine. B. Talk to his parents. C. Take the exam again. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is needed for the apartment? A. A sofa. B. A fridge. C. ATV set. 14. What is the disadvantage of the apartment? A. It’s a little small. B. It’s quite expensive. C. It has no furniture. 15. What does the woman ask about the apartment at last? A. Its location. B. Its price. C. Its size. 16. What are the speakers probably going to do next? A. Continue searching. B. Talk with their neighbors. C. Decide on the apartment. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why will the speaker go to Melbourne? A. To visit her sister. B. To study at a university. C. To give birth to her first child. 18. What does the speaker plan to do in Sydney? A. See kangaroos. B. Watch a music show. C. Visit Royal Botanic Gardens. 19. Where will the speaker return on the 10th? A. Melbourne. B. Queensland. C. Sydney. 20. When will the speaker arrive in London? A. On the 11th. B. On the 12th. C. On the 13th. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Dublin has a large number of places to see. Here are four of the great attractions. Dublin Castle It’s hard to resist a good castle. And you have one right in the heart of Dublin. And like all good castles, it has a storied history-from its start in the 1200s. A fire in 1684 damaged a good bit of the castle, and in reconstruction, parts of it took on the look of a Georgian palace, making for an interesting mix of styles today. It’s open nearly every day, but be sure to check just in case it’s closed for government business. Dame St, +353 16458813 St. Stephen’s Green This park is in the center of Dublin. It has important sculptures of major figures. Sycamores (梧桐) and other trees line the perimeter (周边) to help prevent city noise, and it’s a shelter for birds as well as people. It’s open all year and it’s a very easy walk from the National Gallery. At the top of Grafton Street National Gallery of Ireland Ireland is a country known for its literary contributions, but don’t overlook its contributions to the artistic world. The collection’s 15, 000 Irish and European works date from the 13th to mid-20th centuries and include paintings, prints and national portraits. Merrion Square West, +353 1 661 5133 Ha’penny Bridge This modest cast-iron bridge over the River Liffey has become the symbol of Dublin, with its wonderful design and lampposts. The Ha’penny Bridge is so named for the one halfpenny originally charged to cross it. Before it was a tourist attraction, the Ha’penny Bridge was a welcome addition for working folks. When it was built in 1816, the Ha’penny Bridge was the first iron bridge across the Liffey. Bachelors Walk Wellington Quay, Ireland 1. What do Dublin Castle and St. Stephen’s Green have in common? A. Being open on any day. B. Lying in the center of Dublin. C. Being famous for special paintings. D. Having important sculptures of figures. 2. What is the feature of National Gallery of Ireland? A. Its works are mainly made by the Irish. B. It has some literary collections. C. It offers the service of printing. D. It has some very old works. 3. Why is the cast-iron bridge called the Ha’penny Bridge? A. It’s the symbol of Dublin. B. It originally cost one halfpenny to cross. C. It’s a famous addition for working folks. D. It used to be the first iron bridge across the Liffey. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了都柏林的四大景点。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Dublin Castle部分“It’s hard to say no to a good castle. And you have one right in the heart of Dublin.(面对一座优秀的城堡，你很难说不。而在都柏林市中心，你就有这样一座城堡。)”和St. Stephen’s Green部分“This park is in the center of Dublin.(这座公园位于都柏林市中心。)”可知，这两个地方的共同之处是它们都坐落于都柏林的中心。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据National Gallery of Ireland部分中“The collection’s 15, 000 Irish and European works date from the 13th to mid-20th centuries and include paintings, prints and national portraits.(收藏的15000件爱尔兰和欧洲作品的年代从13世纪到20世纪中期，包括绘画、版画和民族肖像。)”可知，National Gallery of Ireland有一些古老的作品。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Ha’ penny Bridge部分“The Ha’penny Bridge is so named for the one halfpenny originally charged to cross it.(The Ha’ penny Bridge之所以得名，是因为最初过桥需要支付半便士的费用。)”可知，The Ha’ penny Bridge因其最初的通行费为半便士而得名。故选B。 B As kids, some of us dream of multiple careers: being an astronaut and the next president. Or digging up dinosaurs and selling out concert stadiums. As we get older, there’s pressure to pick one. But what if we didn’t have to? After all, John Urschel didn’t. Urschel is a mathematician and professor at MIT. But before that, he played football. First, as a student at Pennsylvania State University, and later, for the Baltimore Ravens. When Urschel started college, he was on a third path: become an engineer. But as he took classes, he loved the way his math professors helped him go beyond numbers and prove why equations were true. He says one professor offered to do research with him, which eventually helped him realize he wanted to pursue a PhD in math. “I was simultaneously (同步) falling in love with math as an actual career, taking all of these college math classes, while also trying to be the best football player I could be,” he remembers. Urschel says that often involved packing many things. “Like I was the person who was trying to take the 8 a. m. classes so I could do all the football things and all the math things I needed to do in a day.” From his unusual career path, Urschel has learned a few lessons that, when asked, he’ll offer up: First, do not play the comparison game. Do not focus on fame or how much and how far long other people are in comparison to you. It’s something he reminds his students of a lot. It can have very negative effects. Second, be critical of yourself. “It’s really important, if you like something and you do want to be good at it, to be critical of yourself,” he says. But, he emphasizes, “You should only be critical of yourself and hard on yourself compared to your previous self.” Check in with yourself and ask questions like: How am I improving? How am I going to be better than I was two months ago? 4. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To cite an example. B. To provide the background. C. To describe a phenomenon. D. To introduce the following text. 5. What led Urschel to pursue a PhD in math? A. It was his childhood dream. B. He loved taking math classes. C. A professor invited him to do a research together. D. He liked the way his math professors taught him. 6. What was Urschel’s college life like? A. Fulfilling. B. Restless. C. Exhausting. D. Annoying. 7. What did Urschel advise his students to do? A. Play the comparison game. B. Be strict with themselves. C. Develop critical thinking. D. Find fault with themselves. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了John Urschel如何平衡数学博士与足球运动员两种职业以及相关人生感悟。   【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“As kids, some of us dream of multiple careers: being an astronaut and the next president. Or digging up dinosaurs and selling out concert stadiums. As we get older, there’s pressure to pick one. But what if we didn’t have to? After all, John Urschel didn’t.(孩提时代，我们中的一些人梦想多种职业：成为宇航员和下一任总统。或者挖掘恐龙，举办爆满的音乐会。随着年龄的增长，有选择一个的压力。但是如果我们不需要呢？毕竟John Urschel没有)”可知，通过列举孩子们对多种职业的梦想，引出文章的主题——不必只选择一个职业，并在下文以John Urschel为例进行说明。因此，第一段的作用是引出下文。故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“He says one professor offered to do research with him, which eventually helped him realize he wanted to pursue a PhD in math.(他说有一位教授邀请他一起做研究，这最终帮助他意识到自己想攻读数学博士学位)”可知，是教授邀请他一起做研究导致他追求数学博士学位。故选C。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的““I was simultaneously (同步) falling in love with math as an actual career, taking all of these college math classes, while also trying to be the best football player I could be,” he remembers.(他回忆道：“我当时一边爱上了数学这门学科，把它当作一份真正的职业，一边上着所有这些大学数学课程，同时我也努力成为自己所能做到的最好的足球运动员。”)”可知，Urschel在大学期间既学习数学又踢足球，同时追求两个领域的最佳表现，这说明他的大学生活是充实的。因此，选择“Fulfilling（充实的）”作为答案。故选A。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Second, be critical of yourself. “It’s really important, if you like something and you do want to be good at it, to be critical of yourself,” he says. But, he emphasizes, “You should only be critical of yourself and hard on yourself compared to your previous self.”(其次，要自我批评。他说：“如果你喜欢某件事，并且真的想做好它，那么对自己进行批评是非常重要的。”但是，他强调：“你只应该与之前的自己相比，对自己进行批评并要求严格。”)”可知，厄舍尔建议他的学生对自己要严格。故选B。 C You’d like to connect with an old pal you haven’t talked with for a long time, but worry the friend won’t be especially happy to hear from you. If worry is what’s holding you back, new research may encourage you to reach out. A series of experiments involving nearly 6,000 people revealed that people often underestimate (低估) how much others in their social circle appreciate an unexpected interaction, whether it is by phone, text or email, according to a study published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. “Often when people cross our minds and we wonder how they’re doing, we wonder if we should reach out, said the study’s lead author, Peggy Liu, Ph.D., associate professor of Business Administration at the University of Pittsburgh. “I’m hoping this research removes one of the barriers that might be in the way of people reaching out.” In one experiment, Liu and her colleagues asked 100 participants to recall the last time they reached out to someone in their social circle just to catch up after a long time without any interactions. Another 100 people were asked to recall a similar situation, but in this case, they were the ones receiving the phone call, text or email. The volunteers were then asked to rate on a seven-point scale — ranging from “not at all” to “to a great extent” — how much the contact had been appreciated. The researchers found that, on average, receivers rated their appreciation significantly higher than people who reached out to a buddy (朋友) guessed at how much the friend appreciated the contact. “When it’s really surprising, the appreciation gets a real boost,” Liu said. “I think the common thread through these various findings is that people who are reaching out do not realize how much others appreciate being on the receiving end.” The research also suggests that “people often are yearning to connect as much as you are,” Liu said. “If neither of you takes the first step, that’s a sad outcome. I’m hoping this research might encourage people to reconnect with their friends.” 8. What concerns may people have about contacting old friends? A. Friends would ask them how they’re doing. B. Friends wouldn’t answer the phone. C. Friends would be displeased. D. Friends wouldn’t keep their phone number. 9. What can we learn from the passage? A. The expert advises thinking carefully before contacting old friends. B. The researchers reach the conclusion by multiple experiments. C. People should reach out to their friends as often as possible. D. People’s underestimation may be a means of self-protection. 10. What does the underlined word “yearning” mean in the last paragraph? A. Eager. B. Hateful. C. Worried. D. Regretful. 11. What is the purpose of this text? A. To encourage people to connect with everyone. B. To explain why people are worried about reaching out. C. To tell people the importance of friendship. D. To reduce people’s worries about social interaction. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家通过实验鼓励人们与朋友建立联系，减少社会交往的担忧。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段首句“You’d like to connect with an old pal you haven’t talked with in a long time, but worry the friend won’t be especially happy to hear from you.(你想联系一个很久没联系的老朋友，但又担心你的突然联系并不会让他有多高兴)”可知，人们在联系老朋友时的顾虑是朋友会不高兴。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“A series of experiments involving nearly 6,000 people revealed that people often underestimate (低估) how much others in their social circle appreciate an unexpected interaction, whether it is by phone, text or email, according to a study published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. (发表在《个性与社会心理学杂志》上的一项研究表明，对近6000人进行的一系列实验表明，人们往往低估了社交圈中其他人对意想不到的互动的感激程度，无论是通过电话、短信还是电子邮件)”可知，研究人员是通过多个实验得出的结论。故选B。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第六段““When it’s really surprising, the appreciation gets a real boost,” Liu said. “I think the common thread through these various findings is that people who are reaching out do not realize how much others appreciate being on the receiving end.”(“当它真的令人惊讶时，感激之情大增，”刘说。“我认为，这些不同发现的共同点是，主动伸出援手的人没有意识到，别人是多么感激自己成为接受者。”)”可知，人们是很感谢老朋友突如其来的关心的。由此可推知，人们都一样，都渴望和朋友建立联系，所以yearning为“渴望的”之意。故选A。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。本文首段介绍了人们不敢主动联系老朋友的现象；第二、三段分别写研究结论和研究目的；第四、五段为其中一项实验的过程和结论；最后两段拓展了研究的 结论并再次强调研究目的，即鼓励人们减少担忧，与朋友重建联系。由此推知，文章的目的是减少人们对社会交往的担忧。故选D。 D Researchers examined 120 babies aged 6 to 14 months as they watched a children’s opera performed at a concert hall (61 babies watched in person, the other 59 watched a recorded form). They carefully set the recording so the performers were at the same size, distance and volume as the live form. The babies’ responses were tracked through heart monitors and tablets, and afterward research assistants searched through the footage (镜头) to note when babies were looking at the stage and when they looked away. The live performance kept their attention for 72% of the 12-minute show and also had them continually watching for longer periods of time. The findings suggest that even babies feel the impact of being at a live show, through both musicians’ interactions with an audience and the social experience of being in a crowd. “Their heart rates were speeding up and slowing down in a similar fashion to other babies watching the show. Those babies were dealing with all these distractions (使人分心的事) in the concert hall, but still had these interests in the performance,” says Laura Cirelli, an assistant professor. In comparison, the recording held the babies’ attention for just half of the 12-minute show. “If there’s something happening that we collectively are engaging (参与) in, we’re also connecting with each other. It speaks to the shared experience,” says Cirelli. “It’s well established that socialization (社会化) is important during early childhood development — a baby’s brain is laying the groundwork for future life skills and abilities as it grows. Music can play a powerful part in making those important bonds. Babies are more likely to socialize with someone after hearing them sing a familiar song or dancing to music with them.” The study, which was co-authored by Haley Kragness, now an assistant professor at Bucknell University, will also feed into some of Cirelli’s other work. “If a baby is frequently brought to these kinds of events, will that provide the foundation (基础) for their engaging in music and the community later in childhood?” Cirelli says. “It speaks to why we are inborn to consume music and attend live shows in the first place.” 12. How did the researchers make the experiment convincing? A. By airing two different performances. B. By tracking babies’ activity with caution. C. By asking a smaller group to see the live show. D. By making the recording similar in every detail to the live form. 13. What can we learn about babies enjoying the live show? A. They watched the show more carefully. B. They had faster heart rates. C. They formed bonds with musicians. D. They enjoyed it without distractions. 14. What might be Cirelli’s attitude to babies’ watching live performances? A. Concerned. B. Uninterested. C. Supportive. D. Indifferent. 15. What will Cirelli’s further study focus on? A. The reasons for our attending live shows. B. The benefits of socialization for babies. C. Live performances’ other influences on babies. D. Babies’ growth after seeing recorded shows. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，婴儿观看现场表演时的专注力更强。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They carefully set the recording so the performers were at the same size, distance and volume as the live form.(他们仔细地设置了录音，使表演者的大小、距离和音量与现场形式相同。)”可知，研究人员通过使录音在每个细节上都与现场形式相似来使实验具有说服力，故选D。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The live performance kept their attention for 72% of the 12-minute show and also had them continually watching for longer periods of time.(现场表演在12分钟的节目中吸引了72%的注意力，而且还让他们持续观看更长的时间。)”和“In comparison, the recording held the babies’ attention for just half of the 12-minute show.(相比之下，在12分钟的节目中，录音只吸引了婴儿们一半的注意力。)”可知，观看现场表演的婴儿比观看录像的婴儿更专注。故选A。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“The live performance kept their attention for 72% of the 12-minute show and also had them continually watching for longer periods of time.(现场表演在12分钟的节目中吸引了72%的注意力，而且还让他们持续观看更长的时间。)”和第三段中““If there’s something happening that we collectively are engaging (参与) in, we’re also connecting with each other. It speaks to the shared experience,” says Cirelli. “It’s well established that socialization (社会化) is important during early childhood development — a baby’s brain is laying the groundwork for future life skills and abilities as it grows.(“如果我们集体参与某件事，我们也会相互联系。它说明了共同的经历，”Cirelli说。“众所周知，社交在儿童早期发展中很重要——婴儿的大脑在成长过程中为未来的生活技能和能力奠定了基础。”)”可知，Cirelli对孩子观看现场表演的态度是支持的。故选C。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。最后一段中的“If a baby is frequently brought to these kinds of events, will that provide the foundation (基础) for their engaging in music and the community later in childhood(如果一个婴儿经常被带到这些活动中，这会为他们在童年后期参与音乐和社区活动提供基础吗)”可知，Cirelli接下来的研究将会关注现场表演对婴儿的其他影响。故选C。 第二节 （共5小题： 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever looked in your food-waste bin? ____16____ It’s predicted that families in the U.K. create more than six million tonnes of food waste each year. “Food waste” means food that could have been eaten but instead is thrown away. Apples, bananas, bread, potatoes and salad are the most common things that are binned. With food prices rising, it’s a good time to become a “food-waste warrior”. Not only will it save money, it is good for the environment. After all, growing, packaging and transporting food use a lot of Earth’s resources such as energy and water. ____17____ First, it’s a good idea to find out just how much food goes into your bin. Keep a diary and note down the foods that get thrown away most often — and why. Planning meals for the week with your family can save time and money. For example, meat from a Sunday roast could go into sandwiches on Monday. ____18____ Weigh out pasta or rice you need before you cook it, and before you fill your plate, check how hungry you are so you don’t end up leaving food because you’re too full. Your freezer (冰箱) is a good way to save food. You can freeze leftovers in a container for another day. ____19____ It’s hard to keep track of food that’s gone to the back of the freezer. You could mark a shelf an “Eat me first” area for anything that has been there for a while. Finally, use your senses. Some U.K. supermarkets have taken “best before” dates off fruit and vegetables. ____20____ Ask an adult to help. Don’t forget to update your diary to see how much change you can make. A. Cooking the correct portion size helps too. B. However, heat any leftovers thoroughly before eating. C. Potatoes, carrots and turnips however, last a long time if kept in a cool, dark place. D. Here are some simple tips that can help you and your family become food-waste warriors. E. It may sound unpleasant but in fact it gives you a clue as to how much food your family throws out. F. This is done in order to encourage people to use their noses and eyes to work out if something is actually still fine to eat. G. Fruit that looks a bit sad can be made into a juice for a Friday treat. 【答案】16. E 17. D 18. A 19. B 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。为减少食品浪费，文章提出了一些方法和技巧来帮助人们节约食物。 【16题详解】 根据上文的“Have you ever looked in your food-waste bin?(你看过你的食物垃圾桶吗？)”和下文的“It’s estimated that families in the U.K. create more than six million tonnes of food waste each year.(据估计，英国家庭每年制造的食物垃圾超过600万吨)”可知，E项It may sound unpleasant but in fact it gives you a clue as to how much food your family throws out.(这可能听起来令人不快，但实际上它告诉你你的家庭扔掉了多少食物)承接上文，告诉人们通过查看家里的垃垃圾桶可以知道一家人浪费了多少食物，下文给出了英国全国家庭浪费食物的大体数字。故选E项。 【17题详解】 根据上文的“With food prices rising, it’s a good time to become a “food-waste warrior”. Not only will it save money, but it is good for the environment. After all, growing, packaging and transporting food use a lot of Earth’s resources such as energy and water.(随着食品价格的上涨，这是一个成为“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”的好时机。它不仅会省钱，而且对环境有好处。毕竟，种植、包装和运输食物要消耗大量的地球资源，比如能源和水)”可知，做一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”有很多好处；根据下文的“First, it’s a good idea to find out just how much food goes into your bin. Keep a diary and note down the foods that get chucked out most often — and why. Planning meals for the week with your family can save time and money. For instance, meat from a Sunday roast could go into sandwiches on Monday.(首先，弄清楚有多少食物进了你的垃圾桶是个好主意。记日记，记下最常被扔掉的食物以及原因。和家人一起计划一周的膳食可以节省时间和金钱。例如，周日烤的肉可以放在周一的三明治里)”可知，这里指出了做一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”的具体做法。D项Here are some simple tips that can help you and your family become food-waste warriors.(这里有一些简单的建议，可以帮助你的家人成为一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”)承接上文，既然做一名“与食物浪费作斗争的斗士”有很多好处，那就要去做，引出下文的具体做法，故选D项。 【18题详解】 根据下文的“Weigh out pasta or rice you need before you cook it(there are portion sizes on the packet but they are for adults, so adjust them), and before you pile your plate, check how hungry you are so you don’t end up leaving food because you’re too full.(在烹饪之前称一下你需要的意大利面或米饭，包装上有分量说明，但这是给成年人的，所以要调整一下，在盘子上摞一堆食物之前，确认一下你有多饿，这样你就不会因为吃得太饱而把食物扔掉)”可知，控制好要使用的食材的量是重要的，A项Cooking the correct portion size helps too.(烹饪正确分量的食物也有帮助)能够概括本段内容，可以作为主题句，这是节约食物的做法，故选A项。 【19题详解】 根据上文的“You can freeze leftovers in a sealed container for another day. (你可以把剩饭剩菜放在密封的容器里再冷冻一天)”和下文的“It’s hard to keep track of food that’s gone to the back of the fridge. You could label a shelf an “Eat me first” spot for anything that has been there for a while.(很难追踪那些被放到冰箱后面的食物。任何东西已经放在架子上一段时间了，你可以在架子上贴上“先吃我”的标签)”可知，B项However, heat any leftovers thoroughly before eating.(然而，在吃之前，要彻底加热解冻剩菜)承接上文，指出冷冻食物要先充分解冻后再食用，这是冰箱储存食物的第一个问题，下文接着谈论冰箱储存食物的第二个问题，即容易遗忘，故选B项。 【20题详解】 据上文的“Finally, use your senses. Some U. K. supermarkets have taken “best before” dates off fruit and vegetables.(最后，运用你的感官。一些英国超市已经取消了水果和蔬菜的“最佳食用日期”)”可知，使用感官来判断食物是否还能食用是重要的；根据下文的“Ask an adult to help. (找个成年人帮忙)”可知，通过感官来判断食物是否还能食用需要有经验的成年人帮忙。F项This is done in order to encourage people to use their noses and eyes to work out if something is actually still fine to eat.(这样做是为了鼓励用鼻子和眼睛来判断某些东西是否可以吃)承接上文，通过鼻子和眼睛来判断食物是否还能食用，若做不到应该找成年人帮忙，因此与下文连接通顺，故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题： 每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele from Virginia stood out as the winner of the2023 Young Scientist Challenge. Among the ten finalists he ____21____ the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” with his ____22____ creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap(SCTS), a bar of soap created for the very first time at a low cost to treat melanoma, the most common kind of skin cancer. Rather than a cure, Bekele’s brilliant idea ____23____ the development of a soap that aims to help the patient’s cells stay active while fighting melanoma. He always has endless passion for biology and technology, and the Young Scientist Challenge just ____24____ him with the perfect platform to display his ideas. Reflecting on his ____25____, Bekele shared that his childhood experience had played a crucial role in ____26____ his innovative thinking. “Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, I wanted to raise people’s awareness of ____27____ related to constant sun exposure.” “I wanted to make my idea accessible to a broad audience,” Bekele remarked during an interview with the media. Bekele also passionately expressed his ____28____ of turning the soap into a world where skin cancer treatment is within ____29____ for all. He was grateful that he had received invaluable ____30____ from a product engineering specialist, who connected him with other scientists to ____31____ him to reach his ambitious plans. While similar methods are available for skin cancer treatments, his solution is a more ____32____ option. In the future, Bekele longs to ____33____ his invention by trial and error and establish a nonprofit organization ____34____ to providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible, bringing ____35____ in the battle against skin cancer. 21. A. kept B. desired C. defended D. secured 22. A. innovative B. instant C. rigid D. common 23. A. focuses on B. relies on C. puts on D. agrees on 24. A. armed B. satisfied C. provided D. assisted 25. A. profession B. inspiration C. determination D. imagination 26. A. shaping B. showing C. quitting D. obeying 27. A. risks B. crises C. challenges D. advantages 28. A. fear B. doubt C. dream D. surprise 29. A. distance B. reach C. limit D. space 30. A. guidance B. welcome C. praise D. invitation 31. A. require B. remind C. press D. aid 32. A. fashionable B. affordable C. adaptable D. capable 33. A. picture B. clear C. control D. perfect 34. A. used B. addicted C. devoted D. opposed 35. A. recognition B. hope C. comfort D. impact 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Heman Bekele在2023年年轻科学家挑战赛中凭借他的创新发明——一种用于治疗黑色素瘤（最常见的皮肤癌）的低成本肥皂而获得冠军的故事。Bekele希望通过这一发明提高人们对长时间暴露于阳光下的风险的认识，并使得皮肤癌治疗更加普及。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在十位决赛选手中，他凭借其创新发明锁定了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。A. kept保持；B. desired渴望；C. defended防守；D. secured争取到。根据文中句子“stood out as the winner of the 2023 Young Scientist Challenge”，可知下文说的是“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号，可推理出Bekele获得了该称号，故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在十位决赛选手中，他凭借其创新发明锁定了“美国顶尖年轻科学家”的称号。A. innovative创新的；B. instant立即的；C. rigid顽固的；D. common常见的。根据文中句子“a bar of soap created for the very first time at a low cost to treat melanoma”可知，这是一块以低成本首次创造出来用于治疗黑色素瘤的肥皂，可推理出此处表示的是这种肥皂是具有开创性的，故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：与其说是治愈方法，Bekele的绝妙想法集中在开发一种旨在帮助患者细胞在对抗黑色素瘤时保持活跃的肥皂。A. focuses on集中在；B. relies on依赖；C. puts on穿上；D. agrees on达成一致。根据“aims to help the patient’s cells stay active while fighting melanoma”可知他的目标是如何帮助病人的细胞保持活性，可推理出此处说的他的想法集中于帮助病人的细胞保持活性，故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对生物学和技术有着无尽的热情，而年轻科学家挑战赛则为他提供了展示想法的完美平台。A. armed武装；B. satisfied满意；C. provided提供；D. assisted协助。根据下文“the perfect platform to display his ideas”可知下文说的是展示想法的完美平台，可推理出此处说的是为他提供了展示想法的完美平台，这里需要一个表示“提供”的动词，故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：回顾他的灵感来源时，Bekele分享说他的童年经历在他的创新思维塑造过程中发挥了关键作用。A. profession职业；B. inspiration灵感；C. determination决心；D. imagination想象。根据上文“the development of a soap that aims to help the patient’s cells stay active while fighting melanoma”，可知此处说的是一种旨在帮助患者细胞在对抗黑色素瘤时保持活跃的肥皂的研发，可推理出这里指的是他的灵感来源，故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：回顾他的灵感来源时，Bekele分享说他的童年经历在他的创新思维塑造过程中发挥了关键作用。A. shaping塑造；B. showing展示；C. quitting停止；D. obeying服从。根据下文“his innovative thinking”，可知下文说的是他的创新思维，可推理出空白处应填表示“塑造”含义的表达，故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：目睹人们在烈日下辛勤工作后，他想要提高人们对与持续日晒相关的风险的认识。A. risks风险；B. crises危机；C. challenges挑战；D. advantages优势。根据文中句子“related to constant sun exposure”可知，下文说的是长期的日晒，可推理出此处应是指由于长时间暴露在太阳下所带来的风险，故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在接受媒体采访时，贝克莱还充满激情地表达了他的梦想，希望将这款肥皂推广到全世界，让所有人都能负担得起皮肤癌的治疗。A. fear恐惧；B. doubt怀疑；C. dream梦想；D. surprise惊讶。根据下文“turning the soap into a world where skin cancer treatment is within”，可知下文说的是让皮肤癌患者都能用上肥皂，可推理出此处应是指他的梦想，故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同第8题。A. distance距离；B. reach范围；C. limit限制；D. space空间。根据“for all”可知此处说的是让皮肤癌患者都能用上肥皂，也就是得了皮肤癌的人对这种医疗手段人人都能触手可及，within reach“触手可及”。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激从产品工程专家那里得到了宝贵的指导。A. guidance指导；B. welcome欢迎；C. praise赞扬；D. invitation邀请。根据下文“from a product engineering specialist”可知，下文说的是工程专家，可推理出此处说的是指专家提供的“指导”，故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位专家把他与其他科学家联系起来，帮助他实现雄心勃勃的计划。A. require要求；B. remind提醒；C. press按压；D. aid帮助。根据下文“him to reach his ambitious plans”可知，下文说的是实现雄心勃勃的计划，可推理出此处应是指帮助他实现雄心勃勃的计划，故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然类似的治疗方法可用于皮肤癌治疗，但他的解决方案是一种更负担得起的选择。A. fashionable时尚的；B. affordable负担得起的；C. adaptable适应性强的；D. capable有能力的。根据下文“to providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible”可知下文说的是提供皮肤病治疗给尽可能多的人，可推理出此处说的是他的解决方案是一种更负担得起的选择，故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在未来，Bekele希望通过对试验和错误来完善他的发明，并建立一个致力于向尽可能多的人提供公平皮肤癌治疗的非营利组织，这将在对抗皮肤癌的战斗中带来希望。A. picture描绘；B. clear澄清；C. control控制；D. perfect完善。根据下文“by trial and error”可知下文提到了试错的方法，可推理出此处应是指完善他的发明，故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. used使用；B. addicted上瘾；C. devoted致力于；D. opposed反对；根据下文“to providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible”可推理出此处应是指致力于向尽可能多的人提供公平的皮肤癌治疗，故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recognition认可；B. hope希望；C. comfort安慰；D. impact影响。根据下文“in the battle against skin cancer”可知下文说的是对抗皮肤癌的战斗，可推理出此处应是指在对抗皮肤癌的战斗中带来希望，故选B项。 第二节 （共10小题： 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Reindeer appear to snooze throughout the day while chewing their cud. This may be an adjustment ___36___ their Arctic habitat, where food is abundant in the summer and they must constantly eat to gain enough weight ___37___ (survive) the winter. To help break down the plants that make up ___38___ (they) diet, reindeer ruminate-that is, they bring food that they have already swallowed back into their mouths for extra chewing. And they often have a ___39___ (sleep) look as they chew. Gabriela Wagner at the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research and her colleagues used ___40___ electroencephalograph (脑电图仪) to record electrical pulses in their brains over the next few days as they ate, slept and moved around. The reindeer’s brainwave patterns ___41___ (reveal) that, when ruminating, they were in a light stage of sleep known as non-REM sleep, ___42___ (suggest) the animals can recharge while chewing their cud. Wagner suspects this type of multitasking might help the animals get enough rest during the summer when they spend almost all their time feeding in ___43___ (prepare) for winter. “This seems to be a perfect adaptation to the Arctic, ___44___ you just have a very short period of the year when you have to eat all the time to get fat,” she says. Resting while ruminating may also explain why, unlike most other species that sleep ____45____ (much) in winter, reindeer appear to sleep the same amount regardless of the season. 【答案】36. to 37. to survive 38. their 39. sleepy 40. an 41. revealed 42. suggesting 43. preparation 44. where 45. more 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了驯鹿如何在北极栖息地适应生存，包括其反刍行为和睡眠模式。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：这可能是它们对北极栖息地的适应，在北极栖息地，夏季食物丰富，它们必须不断进食以获得足够的体重来度过冬季。本空用介词to，an adjustment to表示“对……的适应”。故填to。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这可能是它们对北极栖息地的适应，在北极栖息地，夏季食物丰富，它们必须不断进食以获得足够的体重来度过冬季。and后的句子中，谓语为must eat，此处为非谓语动词，应用survive“存活，艰难度过”的不定式，作目的状语。故填to survive。 【38题详解】 考查代词。句意：为了帮助分解构成它们饮食的植物，驯鹿会反刍——也就是说，它们会把已经吞下的食物带回嘴里再次咀嚼。本空修饰名词diet，作定语，用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当它们咀嚼时，它们通常看起来昏昏欲睡。本空修饰名词look，作定语，用形容词sleepy“昏昏欲睡的”。故填sleepy。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：挪威生物经济研究所的加布里埃拉·瓦格纳和她的同事在接下来的几天里，使用一个脑电图仪记录它们进食、睡眠和移动时大脑中的电脉冲。此处泛指“一个脑电图仪”，且electroencephalograph以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 【41题详解】 考查时态。句意：驯鹿的脑电波模式表明，当它们反刍时，它们处于轻度睡眠阶段，即非快速眼动睡眠，这表明动物在咀嚼食物时可以补充能量。根据were可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用reveal“揭示，显示”的过去式。故填revealed。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：驯鹿的脑电波模式表明，当它们反刍时，它们处于轻度睡眠阶段，即非快速眼动睡眠，这表明动物在咀嚼食物时可以补充能量。本句谓语为revealed，此处为非谓语动词，且suggest“表明”与主语The reindeer’s brainwave patterns构成逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词形式，作状语。故填suggesting。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：瓦格纳怀疑，这种多任务处理的方式可能有助于动物在夏季获得足够的休息，因为那时它们几乎把所有的时间都花在进食上，为冬天做准备。本空作in的宾语，用名词preparation“准备”。故填preparation。 【44题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：“这似乎是对北极的完美适应，在那里，一年中你只有很短的时间必须一直吃东西才能长胖，”她说。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Arctic，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。 【45题详解】 考查比较级。句意：在反刍时休息也可能解释了为什么，与大多数其他在冬天睡得更多的物种不同，驯鹿似乎无论什么季节都睡得一样多。本空修饰动词sleep，表示“更多”，用much的比较级more。故填more。 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假如你是校学生会主席李华，学校计划举办一场主题为“你笑起来真好看”的心理剧(psychodrama)表演。请你在校报上发布一则通知，内容包括： (1)活动的时间、地点； (2)活动的意义。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Notice With the purpose of raising our awareness of mental health and guiding us to seek psychological help properly, a psychodrama show themed “you look better when smiling” is scheduled on the first Friday of March at the Concert Hall of our school. As a creative activity, psychodramas can provide an outlet for unsolved negative emotions and a platform to display artistic talents such as directing and performing, thus injecting power and energy into our school life. I am eagerly calling for your active participation. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。学校计划举办一场主题为“你笑起来真好看”的心理剧（psychodrama）表演。请考生在校报上发布一则通知。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提高：raise→promote 帮助：help→assistance 提供：provide→offer 展示：display→show 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：As a creative activity, psychodramas can provide an outlet for unsolved negative emotions and a platform to display artistic talents such as directing and performing, thus injecting power and energy into our school life. 拓展句：As a creative activity, psychodramas can provide an outlet for unsolved negative emotions and a platform to display artistic talents such as directing and performing, which injects power and energy into our school life. 【点睛】[高分句型1] As a creative activity, psychodramas can provide an outlet for unsolved negative emotions and a platform to display artistic talents such as directing and performing, thus injecting power and energy into our school life. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] With the purpose of raising our awareness of mental health and guiding us to seek psychological help properly, a psychodrama show themed “you look better when smiling” is scheduled on the first Friday of March at the Concert Hall of our school. (运用了过去分词作定语) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。  People say there seems to be so much negativity in this world, but there are good people out there and sometimes we are made aware of them when we least expect it. My family had been planning a yard sale for several weeks. Our five-year-old son, Braxton, asked if he could set up a lemonade (柠檬水) stand during the yard sale. He wanted to make a little money and save up to buy a set of Lego bricks, which might add up to $100. “I will earn it myself!” he declared proudly. He had been talking about it almost non-stop and couldn’t wait for the day to finally arrive. Two days ago, we put up the sign “Yard Sale” in front of the driveway, telling neighbors about the time and items. On the very day, Braxton woke up early at 6:00 am and couldn’t hide his excitement. After setting everything out for the yard sale, he made the lemonade and baked some cookies to begin his business adventure. After about an hour or more, we had several customers, but Braxton still had not sold any lemonade. He was a little sad. Then a young woman walked up with her baby to browse the items. While making small talk, we told her about Braxton’s plan to save his money for his little dream. She then selected a couple of baby toys for just $6 and paid with a $10 bill. “Keep the change, boy!” she said gently. Braxton offered to give her the lemonade and cookies he made. He couldn’t have been happier to receive his first little bit of money for the day. The woman left with the baby toys, the lemonade and some cookies. We didn’t give it much thought after that, but the story didn’t end there. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Several minutes passed and the woman returned. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Holding the envelope and the bill, we were so moved. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Paragraph 1: Several minutes passed and the woman returned. “Is there anything wrong?” I thought to myself. I actually thought she was here to ask for her change back. Of course, I couldn’t have been more wrong. She was carrying an envelope this time. She handed it to us and said, “The lemonade and cookies are so delicious that I want to buy all of them. I hope you can give them away to whoever passes by your stand for me.” We thanked her and she walked away. We opened the envelope after she left and found a $100 bill in it. Paragraph 2: Holding the envelope and the bill, we were so moved. It was just a random act of kindness by a total stranger that would make a little five-year-old boy’s wish come true. At the same time, she delivered that kindness to other strangers by offering them lemonade and cookies for free. She obviously did not do it for praise or recognition. She just did it out of the kindness of her heart. Contrary to what some may think, the positivity in this world really does outweigh the negativity. There are good people around us doing good deeds, asking for nothing back. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者的家人几个星期前就开始计划庭院旧货出售，儿子为此制作了柠檬水和饼干，一位年轻妇女吃过以后给了作者100美元，能把它们送给任何经过摊位的人。作者为女人的善举所感动。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“几分钟过去了，女人回来了”可知，第一段可描写女人提出把柠檬水和饼干送给任何经过摊位的人，支付了100美元。 ②由第二段首句内容“拿着信封和账单，我们都很感动”可知，第二段可描写作者感动，以及传递善举。 2.续写线索：女人返回——夸奖柠檬水和饼干——提出善举——支付100美元——作者感动——作者传递善举——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①打开：open/unfold ②赠送：give away/present ③实现：make sth. come true /realize 情绪类 ①赞美：praise/compliment ②积极：positivity/optimism 【点睛】[高分句型1] The lemonade and cookies are so delicious that I want to buy all of them. (运用了结果状语从句) [高分句型2] We opened the envelope after she left and found a $100 bill in it. (运用了after引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 安康市高新中学高二年级月考试卷 英语 时长120分钟 满分：150分 注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力 （共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 （共5小题： 每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does the woman think of her vacation? A. Exciting. B. Tiring. C. Disappointing. 2. What are the speakers talking about? A. What to buy. B. Where to eat. C. When to set off. 3. How many students are there in the dorm now? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Doctor and patient. B. Boss and employee. C. Teacher and student. 5. Why will Anna leave her job? A. To look after her kids. B. To treat her illness. C. To run a store. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What does the man want to buy at first? A. A sofa. B. A table. C. A lamp. 7. What are the speakers likely to do? A. Shop for a sofa. B. Remove the lamp. C. Read some books. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What did David do last night? A. He went to a concert. B. He practiced the violin. C. He watched a soccer game. 9. Who works in the hospital? A. Tina. B. Mary’s father. C. Mary’s mother. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. What do Jack’s parents want him to be? A. A historian. B. A scientist. C. A doctor. 11. In which subject did Jack get an A? A. French. B. History. C. Science. 12. What does the woman advise Jack to do? A. Study medicine. B. Talk to his parents. C. Take the exam again. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is needed for the apartment? A. A sofa. B. A fridge. C. ATV set. 14. What is the disadvantage of the apartment? A. It’s a little small. B. It’s quite expensive. C. It has no furniture. 15. What does the woman ask about the apartment at last? A. Its location. B. Its price. C. Its size. 16. What are the speakers probably going to do next? A. Continue searching. B. Talk with their neighbors. C. Decide on the apartment. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. Why will the speaker go to Melbourne? A. To visit her sister. B. To study at a university. C. To give birth to her first child. 18. What does the speaker plan to do in Sydney? A. See kangaroos. B. Watch a music show. C. Visit Royal Botanic Gardens. 19. Where will the speaker return on the 10th? A. Melbourne. B. Queensland. C. Sydney. 20. When will the speaker arrive in London? A. On the 11th. B. On the 12th. C. On the 13th. 第二部分 阅读 （共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Dublin has a large number of places to see. Here are four of the great attractions. Dublin Castle It’s hard to resist a good castle. And you have one right in the heart of Dublin. And like all good castles, it has a storied history-from its start in the 1200s. A fire in 1684 damaged a good bit of the castle, and in reconstruction, parts of it took on the look of a Georgian palace, making for an interesting mix of styles today. It’s open nearly every day, but be sure to check just in case it’s closed for government business. Dame St, +353 16458813 St. Stephen’s Green This park is in the center of Dublin. It has important sculptures of major figures. Sycamores (梧桐) and other trees line the perimeter (周边) to help prevent city noise, and it’s a shelter for birds as well as people. It’s open all year and it’s a very easy walk from the National Gallery. At the top of Grafton Street National Gallery of Ireland Ireland is a country known for its literary contributions, but don’t overlook its contributions to the artistic world. The collection’s 15, 000 Irish and European works date from the 13th to mid-20th centuries and include paintings, prints and national portraits. Merrion Square West, +353 1 661 5133 Ha’penny Bridge This modest cast-iron bridge over the River Liffey has become the symbol of Dublin, with its wonderful design and lampposts. The Ha’penny Bridge is so named for the one halfpenny originally charged to cross it. Before it was a tourist attraction, the Ha’penny Bridge was a welcome addition for working folks. When it was built in 1816, the Ha’penny Bridge was the first iron bridge across the Liffey. Bachelors Walk Wellington Quay, Ireland 1. What do Dublin Castle and St. Stephen’s Green have in common? A. Being open on any day. B. Lying in the center of Dublin. C. Being famous for special paintings. D. Having important sculptures of figures. 2. What is the feature of National Gallery of Ireland? A. Its works are mainly made by the Irish. B. It has some literary collections. C. It offers the service of printing. D. It has some very old works. 3. Why is the cast-iron bridge called the Ha’penny Bridge? A. It’s the symbol of Dublin. B. It originally cost one halfpenny to cross. C. It’s a famous addition for working folks. D. It used to be the first iron bridge across the Liffey. B As kids, some of us dream of multiple careers: being an astronaut and the next president. Or digging up dinosaurs and selling out concert stadiums. As we get older, there’s pressure to pick one. But what if we didn’t have to? After all, John Urschel didn’t. Urschel is a mathematician and professor at MIT. But before that, he played football. First, as a student at Pennsylvania State University, and later, for the Baltimore Ravens. When Urschel started college, he was on a third path: become an engineer. But as he took classes, he loved the way his math professors helped him go beyond numbers and prove why equations were true. He says one professor offered to do research with him, which eventually helped him realize he wanted to pursue a PhD in math. “I was simultaneously (同步) falling in love with math as an actual career, taking all of these college math classes, while also trying to be the best football player I could be,” he remembers. Urschel says that often involved packing many things. “Like I was the person who was trying to take the 8 a. m. classes so I could do all the football things and all the math things I needed to do in a day.” From his unusual career path, Urschel has learned a few lessons that, when asked, he’ll offer up: First, do not play the comparison game. Do not focus on fame or how much and how far long other people are in comparison to you. It’s something he reminds his students of a lot. It can have very negative effects. Second, be critical of yourself. “It’s really important, if you like something and you do want to be good at it, to be critical of yourself,” he says. But, he emphasizes, “You should only be critical of yourself and hard on yourself compared to your previous self.” Check in with yourself and ask questions like: How am I improving? How am I going to be better than I was two months ago? 4. What is the function of the first paragraph? A. To cite an example. B. To provide the background. C. To describe a phenomenon. D. To introduce the following text. 5. What led Urschel to pursue a PhD in math? A. It was his childhood dream. B. He loved taking math classes. C. A professor invited him to do a research together. D. He liked the way his math professors taught him. 6. What was Urschel’s college life like? A. Fulfilling. B. Restless. C. Exhausting. D. Annoying. 7. What did Urschel advise his students to do? A. Play the comparison game. B. Be strict with themselves. C. Develop critical thinking. D. Find fault with themselves. C You’d like to connect with an old pal you haven’t talked with for a long time, but worry the friend won’t be especially happy to hear from you. If worry is what’s holding you back, new research may encourage you to reach out. A series of experiments involving nearly 6,000 people revealed that people often underestimate (低估) how much others in their social circle appreciate an unexpected interaction, whether it is by phone, text or email, according to a study published in Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. “Often when people cross our minds and we wonder how they’re doing, we wonder if we should reach out, said the study’s lead author, Peggy Liu, Ph.D., associate professor of Business Administration at the University of Pittsburgh. “I’m hoping this research removes one of the barriers that might be in the way of people reaching out.” In one experiment, Liu and her colleagues asked 100 participants to recall the last time they reached out to someone in their social circle just to catch up after a long time without any interactions. Another 100 people were asked to recall a similar situation, but in this case, they were the ones receiving the phone call, text or email. The volunteers were then asked to rate on a seven-point scale — ranging from “not at all” to “to a great extent” — how much the contact had been appreciated. The researchers found that, on average, receivers rated their appreciation significantly higher than people who reached out to a buddy (朋友) guessed at how much the friend appreciated the contact. “When it’s really surprising, the appreciation gets a real boost,” Liu said. “I think the common thread through these various findings is that people who are reaching out do not realize how much others appreciate being on the receiving end.” The research also suggests that “people often are yearning to connect as much as you are,” Liu said. “If neither of you takes the first step, that’s a sad outcome. I’m hoping this research might encourage people to reconnect with their friends.” 8. What concerns may people have about contacting old friends? A. Friends would ask them how they’re doing. B. Friends wouldn’t answer the phone. C. Friends would be displeased. D. Friends wouldn’t keep their phone number. 9. What can we learn from the passage? A. The expert advises thinking carefully before contacting old friends. B. The researchers reach the conclusion by multiple experiments. C. People should reach out to their friends as often as possible. D. People’s underestimation may be a means of self-protection. 10. What does the underlined word “yearning” mean in the last paragraph? A. Eager. B. Hateful. C. Worried. D. Regretful. 11. What is the purpose of this text? A. To encourage people to connect with everyone. B. To explain why people are worried about reaching out. C. To tell people the importance of friendship. D. To reduce people’s worries about social interaction. D Researchers examined 120 babies aged 6 to 14 months as they watched a children’s opera performed at a concert hall (61 babies watched in person, the other 59 watched a recorded form). They carefully set the recording so the performers were at the same size, distance and volume as the live form. The babies’ responses were tracked through heart monitors and tablets, and afterward research assistants searched through the footage (镜头) to note when babies were looking at the stage and when they looked away. The live performance kept their attention for 72% of the 12-minute show and also had them continually watching for longer periods of time. The findings suggest that even babies feel the impact of being at a live show, through both musicians’ interactions with an audience and the social experience of being in a crowd. “Their heart rates were speeding up and slowing down in a similar fashion to other babies watching the show. Those babies were dealing with all these distractions (使人分心的事) in the concert hall, but still had these interests in the performance,” says Laura Cirelli, an assistant professor. In comparison, the recording held the babies’ attention for just half of the 12-minute show. “If there’s something happening that we collectively are engaging (参与) in, we’re also connecting with each other. It speaks to the shared experience,” says Cirelli. “It’s well established that socialization (社会化) is important during early childhood development — a baby’s brain is laying the groundwork for future life skills and abilities as it grows. Music can play a powerful part in making those important bonds. Babies are more likely to socialize with someone after hearing them sing a familiar song or dancing to music with them.” The study, which was co-authored by Haley Kragness, now an assistant professor at Bucknell University, will also feed into some of Cirelli’s other work. “If a baby is frequently brought to these kinds of events, will that provide the foundation (基础) for their engaging in music and the community later in childhood?” Cirelli says. “It speaks to why we are inborn to consume music and attend live shows in the first place.” 12. How did the researchers make the experiment convincing? A. By airing two different performances. B. By tracking babies’ activity with caution. C. By asking a smaller group to see the live show. D. By making the recording similar in every detail to the live form. 13. What can we learn about babies enjoying the live show? A. They watched the show more carefully. B. They had faster heart rates. C. They formed bonds with musicians. D. They enjoyed it without distractions. 14. What might be Cirelli’s attitude to babies’ watching live performances? A. Concerned. B. Uninterested. C. Supportive. D. Indifferent. 15. What will Cirelli’s further study focus on? A. The reasons for our attending live shows. B. The benefits of socialization for babies. C. Live performances’ other influences on babies. D. Babies’ growth after seeing recorded shows. 第二节 （共5小题： 每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever looked in your food-waste bin? ____16____ It’s predicted that families in the U.K. create more than six million tonnes of food waste each year. “Food waste” means food that could have been eaten but instead is thrown away. Apples, bananas, bread, potatoes and salad are the most common things that are binned. With food prices rising, it’s a good time to become a “food-waste warrior”. Not only will it save money, it is good for the environment. After all, growing, packaging and transporting food use a lot of Earth’s resources such as energy and water. ____17____ First, it’s a good idea to find out just how much food goes into your bin. Keep a diary and note down the foods that get thrown away most often — and why. Planning meals for the week with your family can save time and money. For example, meat from a Sunday roast could go into sandwiches on Monday. ____18____ Weigh out pasta or rice you need before you cook it, and before you fill your plate, check how hungry you are so you don’t end up leaving food because you’re too full. Your freezer (冰箱) is a good way to save food. You can freeze leftovers in a container for another day. ____19____ It’s hard to keep track of food that’s gone to the back of the freezer. You could mark a shelf an “Eat me first” area for anything that has been there for a while. Finally, use your senses. Some U.K. supermarkets have taken “best before” dates off fruit and vegetables. ____20____ Ask an adult to help. Don’t forget to update your diary to see how much change you can make. A. Cooking the correct portion size helps too. B. However, heat any leftovers thoroughly before eating. C. Potatoes, carrots and turnips however, last a long time if kept in a cool, dark place. D. Here are some simple tips that can help you and your family become food-waste warriors. E. It may sound unpleasant but in fact it gives you a clue as to how much food your family throws out. F. This is done in order to encourage people to use their noses and eyes to work out if something is actually still fine to eat. G. Fruit that looks a bit sad can be made into a juice for a Friday treat. 第三部分 语言运用 （共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题： 每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele from Virginia stood out as the winner of the2023 Young Scientist Challenge. Among the ten finalists he ____21____ the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” with his ____22____ creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap(SCTS), a bar of soap created for the very first time at a low cost to treat melanoma, the most common kind of skin cancer. Rather than a cure, Bekele’s brilliant idea ____23____ the development of a soap that aims to help the patient’s cells stay active while fighting melanoma. He always has endless passion for biology and technology, and the Young Scientist Challenge just ____24____ him with the perfect platform to display his ideas. Reflecting on his ____25____, Bekele shared that his childhood experience had played a crucial role in ____26____ his innovative thinking. “Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, I wanted to raise people’s awareness of ____27____ related to constant sun exposure.” “I wanted to make my idea accessible to a broad audience,” Bekele remarked during an interview with the media. Bekele also passionately expressed his ____28____ of turning the soap into a world where skin cancer treatment is within ____29____ for all. He was grateful that he had received invaluable ____30____ from a product engineering specialist, who connected him with other scientists to ____31____ him to reach his ambitious plans. While similar methods are available for skin cancer treatments, his solution is a more ____32____ option. In the future, Bekele longs to ____33____ his invention by trial and error and establish a nonprofit organization ____34____ to providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible, bringing ____35____ in the battle against skin cancer. 21. A. kept B. desired C. defended D. secured 22. A. innovative B. instant C. rigid D. common 23. A. focuses on B. relies on C. puts on D. agrees on 24. A. armed B. satisfied C. provided D. assisted 25. A. profession B. inspiration C. determination D. imagination 26. A. shaping B. showing C. quitting D. obeying 27. A. risks B. crises C. challenges D. advantages 28. A. fear B. doubt C. dream D. surprise 29. A. distance B. reach C. limit D. space 30. A. guidance B. welcome C. praise D. invitation 31. A. require B. remind C. press D. aid 32. A. fashionable B. affordable C. adaptable D. capable 33. A. picture B. clear C. control D. perfect 34. A. used B. addicted C. devoted D. opposed 35. A. recognition B. hope C. comfort D. impact 第二节 （共10小题： 每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Reindeer appear to snooze throughout the day while chewing their cud. This may be an adjustment ___36___ their Arctic habitat, where food is abundant in the summer and they must constantly eat to gain enough weight ___37___ (survive) the winter. To help break down the plants that make up ___38___ (they) diet, reindeer ruminate-that is, they bring food that they have already swallowed back into their mouths for extra chewing. And they often have a ___39___ (sleep) look as they chew. Gabriela Wagner at the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research and her colleagues used ___40___ electroencephalograph (脑电图仪) to record electrical pulses in their brains over the next few days as they ate, slept and moved around. The reindeer’s brainwave patterns ___41___ (reveal) that, when ruminating, they were in a light stage of sleep known as non-REM sleep, ___42___ (suggest) the animals can recharge while chewing their cud. Wagner suspects this type of multitasking might help the animals get enough rest during the summer when they spend almost all their time feeding in ___43___ (prepare) for winter. “This seems to be a perfect adaptation to the Arctic, ___44___ you just have a very short period of the year when you have to eat all the time to get fat,” she says. Resting while ruminating may also explain why, unlike most other species that sleep ____45____ (much) in winter, reindeer appear to sleep the same amount regardless of the season. 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 假如你是校学生会主席李华，学校计划举办一场主题为“你笑起来真好看”的心理剧(psychodrama)表演。请你在校报上发布一则通知，内容包括： (1)活动的时间、地点； (2)活动的意义。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Notice _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。  People say there seems to be so much negativity in this world, but there are good people out there and sometimes we are made aware of them when we least expect it. My family had been planning a yard sale for several weeks. Our five-year-old son, Braxton, asked if he could set up a lemonade (柠檬水) stand during the yard sale. He wanted to make a little money and save up to buy a set of Lego bricks, which might add up to $100. “I will earn it myself!” he declared proudly. He had been talking about it almost non-stop and couldn’t wait for the day to finally arrive. Two days ago, we put up the sign “Yard Sale” in front of the driveway, telling neighbors about the time and items. On the very day, Braxton woke up early at 6:00 am and couldn’t hide his excitement. After setting everything out for the yard sale, he made the lemonade and baked some cookies to begin his business adventure. After about an hour or more, we had several customers, but Braxton still had not sold any lemonade. He was a little sad. Then a young woman walked up with her baby to browse the items. While making small talk, we told her about Braxton’s plan to save his money for his little dream. She then selected a couple of baby toys for just $6 and paid with a $10 bill. “Keep the change, boy!” she said gently. Braxton offered to give her the lemonade and cookies he made. He couldn’t have been happier to receive his first little bit of money for the day. The woman left with the baby toys, the lemonade and some cookies. We didn’t give it much thought after that, but the story didn’t end there. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Several minutes passed and the woman returned. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Holding the envelope and the bill, we were so moved. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $