精品解析：江苏省扬州市广陵区扬州中学2024-2025学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题

江苏省扬州中学2024-2025学年第一学期阶段练习 高一英语 2024.12 试卷满分:150分，考试时间:120分钟 注意事项: 1. 答卷前，请考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等写在答题卡上并贴上条形码。 2. 将选择题答案填写在答题卡的指定位置上(使用机读卡的用2B铅笔在机读卡上填涂)，非选择题一律在答题卡上作答，在试卷上答题无效。 3. 考试结束后，请将机读卡和答题卡交监考人员。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每一小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the man visit the National Park? A. Last September. B. Last December. C. This July. 2. What does the woman think of Olivia? A. She is quiet. B. She is sociable. C. She is talkative. 3. What will the man do this Tuesday? A. Attend an interview. B. Meet his doctor. C. Deliver a speech. 4. What is the man’s chief consideration in choosing the cottage? A. Its location. B. Its comfort. C. Its facilities. 5. Where did the conversation probably take place? A. At the airport. B. In the office. C. At the hotel. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man’s attitude towards his job? A. He is tired of the same old routine. B. He is curious about his job prospect. C. He is enthusiastic about this demanding job. 7. How old is the man? A. 25. B. 40. C. 65. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman suggest buying for Amber’s housewarming? A. A purple blue dress. 　 B. A pale pink lamp. C. Pale blue scented candles. 9. Who are the speakers? A. Amber’s neighbors. B. Amber’s house sitters. C. Amber’s parents. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What does the man know about Zhuozheng Garden? A. It was first built in the Qing Dynasty. B. It tops the other classical gardens in Suzhou. C. It is about 6 miles away from Gusu District. 11. What does the woman say about Liuyuan Garden and Tuisi Garden? A. They are eighty miles apart. 　　　　 B. They are in opposite directions. C. They are quite close to each other. 12. Which garden will the man skip this time? A. Tuisi Garden. B. Liuyuan Garden. C. Zhuozheng Garden. 13. Why is Suzhou Museum worth visiting? A. It is otherwise known as the Garden Museum. B. It features the Qing Dynasty’s garden landscaping. C. It houses relics dating back to the Ming and Qing dynasties. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What are the speakers talking about? A. Managing the reading workload. B. Deciding which books to read. C. Choosing the right pen for marking. 15. What does the man use to mark new vocabulary? A. Orange color. B. Blue color. C. Yellow color. 16. What is the man’s system for marking? A. He prefers to mark as little as possible. B. He marks after reading the entire paragraph. C. He uses smiley faces to identify amusing areas. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the focus for the 2024-2025 SLP program? A. Academic achievements. B. Environmental protection. C. The development of leadership. 18. Which session of the program is to be run in the USA? A. Pre­summer program. B. Summer program. C. Post­summer program. 19. What should the participants do after the summer program? A. Create a follow­up program. 　　　　 B. Complete academic coursework. C. Carry out their community engagement plans. 20. Who are encouraged to apply for the program? A. Overseas students studying in America now. B. Students who are interested in global issues. C. Students who haven’t been to America before. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Welcome to WeKnowDiets.com. We have compiled (汇集) the most comprehensive database of information for people who are looking for a slimmer body and healthier lifestyle. There are now thousands of Weight-Loss Products and Diet Programs available to choose from—that can be a little confusing. Our goal is to give you a quick snapshot (简介) of what options are available to you. We will inform you of the hottest new ingredients and which products and programs bring you the most quality and best results. NuPhedrine—burn 500 more calories per day NuPhedrine is probably one of the best weight-loss pills ever made. What is so impressive about this pill is that the makers can honestly say that you will burn at least 500 more calories per day just by taking NuPhedrine. Miracle Fat Burning Cream Imagine being able to target your problem areas for rapid results. Now you can do just that. We have found that Miracle Fat Burning Cream is clinically (临床的) proven to burn fat and it uses a patented delivery technology that works immediately. Alli Diet Pill This diet pill, claims to provide weight loss that “won’t be easy”. This product does not seem to promise particularly fast results, and instead emphasizes gradual weight loss. The accompanying book is intended to act as a companion to the weight-loss product． Bikini Boot Camp—14 days for a bikini body It is a customized back-to-basics system, which, regardless of its name, is actually about putting “fun” back into exercise while eating in a balanced way. The developers of this diet system make it accessible to everyone by bringing it into people’s homes—in both a book and an online-based plan． 1. The passage is intended for those _______. A. with a slim figure B. with high blood pressure C. who are very fat D. who seek for a healthy diet 2. Which of the following emphasizes gradual weight loss? A. NuPhedrine． B. Miracle Fat Burning Cream． C. Alli Diet Pill． D. Bikini Boot Camp． 3. Bikini Boot Camp is different from the others in that _______. A. ordinary people can afford it B. it is a diet program full of fun C. you eat less but exercise more D. it can save you much money 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了WeKnowDiets.com网站上的几款减肥产品及项目，简述各自特点。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“We have compiled (汇集) the most comprehensive database of information for people who are looking for a slimmer body and healthier lifestyle.(我们为那些寻求更苗条的身体和更健康的生活方式的人编制了最全面的信息数据库。)”以及下文介绍的各种减肥产品和减肥项目可知，这篇文章是为那些非常胖、想要减肥的人准备的，而不是仅仅追求健康饮食的人。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三部分Alli Diet Pill中的“This product does not seem to promise particularly fast results, and instead emphasizes gradual weight loss.(该产品似乎并没有承诺特别快的效果，而是强调逐渐减肥。)”可知，Alli Diet Pill 强调逐渐减肥。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一部分Bikini Boot Camp—14 days for a bikini body中的“It is a customized back-to-basics system, which, regardless of its name, is actually about putting ‘fun’ back into exercise while eating in a balanced way. (这是一个定制的回归基础系统，无论其名称如何，实际上都是在均衡饮食的同时，将‘乐趣’重新融入运动中。)”可知，Bikini Boot Camp的不同之处在于它是一个充满乐趣的饮食计划。故选B项。 B A Letter from Willa Cather to President Tomas Masaryk Honored sir, Your letter, sent to me through your Legation at Washington, confers upon me great honor and gives me great pleasure. I am glad to have carried a message from the Bohemian (波希米亚) neighbors, whom I grew up with, to their home country of the Czech Republic. I have just returned to New York, where I had the pleasure of taking Annie Pavelka, the living “Antonia” in my book My Antonia, and six of her children to the first screening of A Lost Lady. I have the good fortune to preserve relations with most of my characters. “Antonia” and her splendid children are flesh and blood realities. Every time I go back to them, I feel how much more interesting and lovable they are than my picture of them. I wish I could present them to you in person. I regret that I cannot satisfactorily meet your kind request for biographical (传记的) material. I avoid biographers, asking them to wait until I get my work further along. My first novel was published in 1912, and a period of twelve years is hardly long enough for a writer to find the form best suited for writing. I was not young when I began to write, and though living is a good preparation for writing, I do need more time to acquire a simple and modest way of presenting my work, however well I know what I wish to present. I am able to send you a very good photograph taken recently. I enclose a short biographical account which my publishers use for publicity purposes, and some casual reviews. Biographies usually begin to come along just about the time a writer has no more to say, and Ido not feel that time has yet come to me. I beg you, President Masaryk, to believe in my grateful appreciation of your letter. Respectfully yours, Willa Cather 4. Who is Antonia? A. A director of a movie. B. A character in a book. C. Cather’s relative in New York. D. Cather’s neighbor from Bohemia. 5. What does the author need for a most suitable writing style according to paragraph 3? A. Time. B. Youth. C. Publishers’ advice. D. Financial support. 6. What does writing a biography mean to the author according to paragraph 4? A. An inspiration to her readers. B. A record of her achievements. C. A window into a writer’s world. D. An endpoint in a writer’s career. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing this letter? A. To rebuild her Bohemian connection. B. To decline the president’s request. C. To explain her philosophy of writing. D. To appreciate the president’s interest. 【答案】4. B 5. A 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一封应用文。文章介绍了美国作家Willa Cather礼貌谢绝Tomas Masaryk总统索要详尽的个人传记资料的请求。 4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I have just returned to New York, where I had the pleasure of taking Annie Pavelka, the living “Antonia” in my book My Antonia, and six of her children to the first screening of A Lost Lady.(我刚刚回到纽约，在那里我有幸带着我的书My Antonia中活生生的“安东尼娅”安妮·帕维尔卡和她的六个孩子去看了《迷失的女人》的第一场放映)”可知，Antonia是书中的人物。故选B。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“I was not young when I began to write, and though living is a good preparation for writing, I do need more time to acquire a simple and modest way of presenting my work, however well I know what I wish to present.(我开始写作的时候并不年轻，虽然生活是写作的一个很好的准备，但我确实需要更多的时间来掌握一种简单而谦虚的方式来展示我的作品，无论我多么清楚我想展示什么)”可知，作者表达了拒绝的遗憾，并解释她需要时间去完善写作风格。故选A。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“Biographies usually begin to come along just about the time a writer has no more to say, and Ido not feel that time has yet come to me.(传记通常是在作家无话可说的时候开始出现的，而我却不觉得时机已经到了)”可推知，写传记对作者来说意味着作家生涯的终点。故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“I regret that I cannot satisfactorily meet your kind request for biographical (传记的) material.(很遗憾，我不能满意地满足您对传记资料的要求)”以及文章内容可知，这封信的目的是谢绝Masaryk总统索要详尽的个人传记资料的请求。为此，作者首先感谢总统的来信；分享与过去的人和小说中的人物联系的喜悦；解释不能提供传记材料的原因；附上一张近照和一段简短的传记以示对该请求的尊重和感激。故选B。 C The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down. Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source. According to Dr Sam Fabian, study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist, moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest. For hundreds of millions of years, this was the sky rather than the ground. The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level. But then came artificial lighting. Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution. Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab. The videos reveal that time and again, moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights, which appeared to greatly change their flight paths. If the light is above them, they might start orbiting it, but if it’s behind them, they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground. Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations. Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats. The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime, causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding. There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. “What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects? For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said. 8. What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Popularized widely. B. Discussed openly. C. Defined accurately. D. Explored academically. 9. Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because ______. A. they can’t keep their balance. B. they use improper flight attitude. C. they lose track of which way is up. D. they are attracted to lights from far away. 10. What is the significance of the research finding? A. It may lead to better conservation of insects. B. Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of. C. Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night. D. It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Why insects lose their ability to fly at night. B. Why artificial light and evolution trap insects. C. How artificial light impacts insect populations. D. How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight. 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究，研究发现昆虫被进化困住，无休止地围绕人工照明转，这启示我们可以改变人造光的方向，更好地保护昆虫。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线短语下文“Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer(流行的理论认为，飞蛾和其他昆虫是靠月亮导航的，它们把灯误认为是月光，或者是昆虫为了躲避即将到来的危险而飞向光明。现在研究人员相信他们有了一个更有说服力的答案)”可知，对于昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围这一问题没有标准答案，故可推知划线短语所在句意为“昆虫为何会在夜间聚集在灯光周围，这一科学问题从未得到明确解释”，推测划线短语nailed down意为“明确解释”，与Defined accurately意义相近。故选C。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“According to Dr Sam Fabian, study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist, moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest. For hundreds of millions of years, this was the sky rather than the ground. The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level. But then came artificial lighting. Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution.(该研究的合著者、伦敦帝国理工学院的昆虫学家萨姆·法比安博士说，飞蛾和许多其他在夜间飞行的昆虫进化成向最亮的地方倾斜背部。数百万年来，这是天空，而不是地上。这个把戏告诉昆虫哪条路是向上的，并确保它们飞得水平。但后来出现了人工照明。飞蛾发现自己把背靠在路灯上。这导致它们无休止地绕着灯转，这些昆虫被它们的进化困住了)”可知，法比安的研究发现，飞蛾在灯周围无休止地盘旋，因为它们不知道哪条路是向上的。故选C。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. ‘What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects? For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,’ Fabian said.(Fabian相信，这项研究有一些有益的教训。‘这告诉我们，人造光的方向很重要。我们能不能改变照明环境，让昆虫不被困住？因为我们正面临着全球昆虫数量的大幅下降，而夜间的人造光是可能导致这种下降的因素之一，’ Fabian说)”可推知，这项研究结果的意义是告诉我们可以改变人造光的方向，使昆虫不被困住，从而更好地保护昆虫。故选A。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中“Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source.(现在研究人员相信他们有了一个更有说服力的答案：与目前的理论相反，昆虫不会被远处的光吸引，但如果它们飞得离人造光源很近，就会被困住)”可知，文章主要介绍了一项对昆虫夜晚趋光的研究，研究发现昆虫被进化困住，无休止地围绕人工照明转，这启示我们可以改变人造光的方向，更好地保护昆虫，所以B项“为什么人造光和进化会困住昆虫？”符合题意。故选B。 D Speaking a native language that requires tones appears to boost perception (感知) of melody, but at the cost of rhythm, researchers report April 26 in Current Biology. The massive global study hints at how language skills seep into other areas of cognition. Tonal (声调的) languages use pitch to distinguish words that otherwise might sound the same. In Mandarin, for instance, mü means horse whereas mä means mother. Nontonal languages like Spanish sometimes include pitch changes to suggest emotion, for example, but not to change a word’s meaning. As a Mandarin speaker and flutist, Jingxuan Liu wondered about the crossover between language and music. While studying psychology as an undergraduate at Duke University, Liu helped analyze the musical abilities of nearly half a million people from 203 countries. Her colleagues had launched an online game in which participants completed several musical tasks, including identifying matching melodies at different pitches and finding beat tracks that fit songs’ rhythms. On average, native speakers of the 19 represented tonal languages were better at the melody task compared with speakers of 29 nontonal languages. And the effect wasn’t small — a tonal first language enhanced melodic perception by about half the amount that music lessons did, which was also surveyed. But tonal language speakers tended to be worse at the rhythm task. Humans must be choosy about what they pay attention to. Pitch patterns are vital in tonal languages, which might explain the musical trade-off. “You’ve got a finite resource of attention, and you’ve got to allocate that somehow,” says study coauthor Courtney Hilton, a cognitive scientist at the University of Auckland in New Zealand. Prior research on language and music often compared just two tongues, usually English and Cantonese or Mandarin. But other cultural influences, such as Eastern and Western music styles, could have affected results. By examining a wide range of people, the new study included languages never assessed in this way and reached more general conclusions. “Our result here is showing that the language someone speaks — which is an important part of culture — also shapes cognition, Hilton says. 12. What do the underlined words “seep into” in the first paragraph mean? A. Enter gradually. B. Control constantly C. Damage slightly. D. Understand completely. 13. What information can we get from the musical tasks of Jingxuan Liu’s colleagues? A. Tonal languages determine our music abilities. B. Tonal first languages can take the place of music lessons. C. Tonal language speakers perform better in the rhythm tasks. D. Tonal languages help native speakers to better acquire melody. 14. Which of the following statements does Courtney Hilton most agree with? A. The musical trade-off enhances human cognition. B. The musical abilities boost human perception of melody. C. A limited span of attention accounts for human musical trade-off. D. English and Cantonese or Mandarin affect human musical abilities. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. Native language influences human culture. B. Native language might shape musical ability. C. Native language is an important part of culture. D. Native language enhances human melodic perception. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了带有音调的语言可以提高母语者的旋律感知能力，但是也会在一定程度上降低他们的节奏感。文章介绍了关于这个理论的相关实验来证明这一点。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Speaking a native language that requires tones appears to boost perception (感知) of melody (说一门需要音调的母语似乎能提高对旋律的感知)”可知，带有音调的语言可以影响人们的旋律感，意思就是语言技能是会影响人们其它领域的认知能力的。由此猜测，seep into的意思接近于“慢慢进入”，意思是语言的影响会渗透，或进入其他领域，符合题意，故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“On average, native speakers of the 19 represented tonal languages were better at the melody task compared with speakers of 29 nontonal languages. (平均而言，19种声调语言的母语使用者比29种非声调语言的使用者在旋律任务上表现更好)”可知，带有音调的语言使用者在旋律感上更有优势。D选项（声调语言帮助母语者更好地掌握旋律）符合题意，故选D项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“You’ve got a finite resource of attention, and you’ve got to allocate that somehow. (你的注意力是有限的，你必须合理分配它)”可知，人类的注意力是有限的，而且很短暂，人们只能选择自己感兴趣的东西去关注，所以不是任何音乐天赋都可以随意获得的，这和人类的注意力有关系。由此推知，Courtney Hilton可能会同意有限的注意力跨度解释了人类在音乐上的取舍，故选C项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章第一句话“Speaking a native language that requires tones appears to boost perception (感知) of melody, but at the cost of rhythm, researchers report April 26 in Current Biology. (研究人员4月26日发表在《当代生物学》上的报告称，说一门需要音调的母语似乎能提高对旋律的感知，但这是以节奏为代价的)”可知，文章介绍了带有音调的语言可以提高母语者的旋律感知能力，但是也会在一定程度上降低他们的节奏感，即母语可能塑造音乐能力。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Humanities departments (人文院系) in America are once again being cut down. Earlier this month, the State University of New York (SUNY) Stony Brook announced a plan to abandon several of the college’s wel;-known departments for budgetary(预算的) reasons. The University of Pittsburgh has cut its German and classics. _____16_____ In th UK, Middlesex University decided to gradually get rid of philosophy department. In June 2015, the Japanese minister of edcuation sent a letter to the presidents of the national universities of Japan, suggesting they close their graduate and undergraduate departments in the humanities and social sciences and focus on something more practical. _____17_____. Essays explain why we need these subjects,and what their loss will mean. These areas of learning provide us with the ability to think critically and independently; to tolerate ambiguity (模棱两可); to see both sides of an issue; to look beneath the surface of what we are being told; to appreciate the ways in which language can help us understand one another more clearly and profoundly(显著地). _____18_____ Studying the classics and philosophy teaches students where we come from, and how our modes of reasoning have evolved over time. Learning foreign languages, and about other cultures, enables students to understand how other societies resemble (相似) or differ from our own. I don’t believe that the humanities can make you a decent person. _____19_____. The humanities teach us about those who have gone before us; a foreign language brings us closer to those with whom we share the planet. The humanities can touch those aspects of consciousness (意识) that we call intellect and heart. _____20_____. A. These subjects are under attack. B. Three doctoral (博士的) program would be cancelled. C. Defenses of the humanities have appeared. D. This problem has also arisen internationally. E. Therefore, courses in the humanities are beneficial. F. They help us learn how to think, and they equip us to live in a harmonious society. G. But they can focus on and expand our sense of what humans can accomplish and create. 【答案】16. D 17. C 18. F 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了因为经费不足，美国的部分大学正准备削减人文学科，且这个问题在国际上也出现了。但是作者认为人文学科的课程是有益的。 【16题详解】 根据前文“Humanities departments (人文院系) in America are once again being cut down. Earlier this month, the State University of New York (SUNY) Stony Brook announced a plan to abandon several of the college’s wel;-known departments for budgetary(预算的) reasons. The University of Pittsburgh has cut its German and classics(美国的人文学科再一次被削减。本月早些时候，纽约州立大学石溪分校(SUNY Stony Brook)宣布了一项计划，出于预算原因，将放弃该校几个著名的院系。匹兹堡大学(University of Pittsburgh)削减了德语和古典文学课程)”可知，此处指出美国的人文学科再一次被削减的问题。D选项“This problem has also arisen internationally.(这个问题在国际上也出现了。)”中的this problem指代前文“人文学科再一次被削减”的问题，同时根据后文“ In th UK, Middlesex University decided to gradually get rid of philosophy department. (在英国，米德尔塞克斯大学决定逐步取消哲学系。)”以及“ In June 2015, the Japanese minister of edcuation sent a letter to the presidents of the national universities of Japan, suggesting they close their graduate and undergraduate departments in the humanities and social sciences and focus on something more practical.( 2015年6月，日本文部科学大臣致信日本国立大学校长，建议他们关闭人文社会科学的研究生和本科院系，专注于更实用的学科。)”可知，后文通过英国和日本为例说明该问题已经在国际中出现了。故选D。 【17题详解】 根据后文“ Essays explain why we need these subjects, and what their loss will mean. (文章解释了我们为什么需要这些学科，以及它们的消失意味着什么。)”可知，本段主要阐述的是人文学科消失后会带来怎样的后果，以及我们为什么需要人文学科即为人文学科的保留提供了辩护。C选项“Defenses of the humanities have appeared.(对人文学科的辩护出现了。)”符合语境。故选C。 【18题详解】 根据前文“These areas of learning provide us with the ability to think critically and independently; to tolerate ambiguity (模棱两可); to see both sides of an issue; to look beneath the surface of what we are being told; to appreciate the ways in which language can help us understand one another more clearly and profoundly(显著地). (这些学习领域为我们提供了批判性和独立思考的能力；容忍歧义看到问题的两面性；看看我们被告知的事情的表面之下；欣赏语言帮助我们更清晰、更深刻地理解彼此的方式。)”可知，此处介绍的是人文学科为我们所带来的好处。F选项“They help us learn how to think, and they equip us to live in a harmonious society.(它们帮助我们学会思考，并使我们能够生活在一个和谐的社会中。)”承接前文，指出人文学科帮助我们学会思考，并有助于我们生活在和谐的社会中。故选F。 【19题详解】 根据前文“I don’t believe that the humanities can make you a decent person.( 我不相信人文学科能让你成为一个正派的人。)”以及后文“The humanities teach us about those who have gone before us; a foreign language brings us closer to those with whom we share the planet. (人文学科让我们了解前人的事迹；外语使我们更接近与我们共同生活在这个星球上的人。)”可知，作者虽然不相信人文学科能让你变得一个正派的人；但是人文科学能够让我们了解前人的事迹以及使我们更接近与我们共同生活在这个星球上的人。G选项“But they can focus on and expand our sense of what humans can accomplish and create.( 但它们可以关注并扩展我们对人类所能完成和创造的东西的认识。)”与前文构成转折的同时，引起下文，符合语境。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据前文“The humanities teach us about those who have gone before us; a foreign language brings us closer to those with whom we share the planet. The humanities can touch those aspects of consciousness (意识) that we call intellect and heart. (人文学科让我们了解前人的事迹；外语使我们更接近与我们共同生活在这个星球上的人。人文学科可以触及意识的那些方面，我们称之为智力和心灵。)”可知，此处作者认为人文学科是可以被称之为智力和心灵的学科，即给我们带来诸多好处。E选项“Therefore, courses in the humanities are beneficial.(因此，人文学科的课程是有益的。)”总结前文的内容，提出人文学科的课程是有益的。故选E。 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 One summer night in a seaside cottage, a boy felt himself ____21____ from bed and carried in his father’s arms on to the beach. Overhead the sky twinkled with stars. “Watch!” ____22____, as his father spoke, one of the stars moved. It ____23____ across the dark sky like golden fire. And before the wonder of this could ____24____, another star leaped from its place, then another, diving towards the restless sea. “What’s this?” the child asked in ____25____. “Shooting stars. They ____26____ every year on a certain August night. That was all: just an ____27____ encounter of something mysterious and beautiful. But back in bed, the child stared for a long time into the dark, with mind full of the falling stars. I was the ____28____ seven-year-old boy whose father believed that a new experience ____29____ more for a small boy than an unbroken night’s sleep. My father had, to a marvelous degree, the gift of opening doors for children, of leading them into areas of splendid _____30_____. Children are naturally curious, but they need someone to _____31_____ them. This subtle (巧妙的) art of adding new dimensions to a child’s world doesn’t _____32_____ require a great deal of time. It simply _____33_____ doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them. Good parents know this: The most precious gift they can give a child is to spark their flame of _____34_____. That night is still deeply _____35_____ in my memory. Next year, when August comes with its shooting stars, my son will be seven. 21. A. hidden B. robbed C. lifted D. kicked 22. A. Incredibly B. Anxiously C. Simply D. Accidentally 23. A. exploded B. circled C. spread D. flashed 24. A. fade B. work C. attack D. continue 25. A. amazement B. horror C. relief D. delight 26. A. blow up B. turn up C. show off D. give away 27. A. uncomfortable B. unbearable C. undetected D. unexpected 28. A. curious B. determined C. fortunate D. chosen 29. A. worked B. mattered C. deserved D. proved 30. A. newness B. emptiness C. freedom D. innovation 31. A. protect B. challenge C. guide D. believe 32. A. absolutely B. basically C. possibly D. necessarily 33. A. involves B. risks C. admits D. resists 34. A. hope B. curiosity C. faith D. wisdom 35. A. trapped B. set C. lost D. rooted 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. A 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章通过描述作者小时候与父亲在海边观看流星雨的温馨经历，强调了新体验对孩子成长的重要性，以及父母如何巧妙地激发孩子的好奇心和探索欲。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个夏夜，在海边的一间小屋里，一个男孩感觉自己被从床上抱起来，被父亲抱到海滩上。A. hidden隐藏；B. robbed抢劫；C. lifted举起，抱起；D. kicked踢。根据后文“carried in his father’s arms on to the beach”可知，男孩被父亲从床上抱起来，被抱到海滩上。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人难以置信的是，当他的父亲说话时，其中一颗星星动了。A. Incredibly难以置信地；B. Anxiously焦虑地；C. Simply简单地；D. Accidentally意外地。根据后文“as his father spoke, one of the stars moved”可知，当他的父亲说话时，其中一颗星星动了，这是令人难以置信的。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它像金色的火焰一样在黑暗的天空中闪过。A. exploded爆炸；B. circled盘旋；C. spread传播；D. flashed闪光。根据前文“one of the stars moved”可知，此处指的是流星划过天空，像金色的火焰一样在黑暗中闪过。故选D。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在这份惊叹还未消退之际，又一颗星星从原位跃出，接着是另一颗，它们纷纷向波涛汹涌的大海坠去。A. fade褪色，逐渐消失；B. work工作；C. attack攻击；D. continue继续。根据后文“another star leaped from its place, then another, diving towards the restless sea”可知，又一颗星星出现，在前面的奇妙事情消失之前。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“这是什么？”孩子惊讶地问道。A. amazement惊奇；B. horror恐怖；C. relief宽慰；D. delight高兴。根据前文“another star leaped from its place, then another, diving towards the restless sea”及“What’s this?”可知，孩子看到流星划过天空，感到惊奇，所以惊奇地问这是什么。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：它们每年都会在八月的某个夜晚出现。A. blow up爆炸；B. turn up出现；C. show off炫耀；D. give away赠送。根据前文“Shooting stars.”及“every year on a certain August night”可知，此处指的是流星每年都会在八月的某个夜晚出现。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：仅此而已：只是一次与神秘而美丽事物的意外邂逅。 A. uncomfortable不舒服的；B. unbearable无法忍受的；C. undetected未被发现的；D. unexpected意外的。根据前文“That was all”可知，此处指的是这只是一次意外邂逅，邂逅了一些神秘而美丽的东西。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我是那个幸运的七岁男孩，我的父亲认为，对于一个小男孩来说，一次新的体验比一觉睡到天亮更加重要。A. curious好奇的；B. determined有决心的；C. fortunate幸运的；D. chosen被选中的。根据后文“whose father believed that a new experience ____9____ more for a small boy than an unbroken night’s sleep”可知，对于小男孩来说，能有这样一次新的经历是幸运的，因为父亲认为一次新的经历比一夜好眠更重要。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. worked工作；B. mattered重要；C. deserved应得；D. proved证明。根据后文“more for a small boy than an unbroken night’s sleep”可知，此处指的是对于一个小男孩来说，一次新的经历比一夜好眠更重要。故选B。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父亲拥有一种非凡的能力，那就是为孩子们打开通往新奇领域的大门，引领他们进入精彩纷呈的新世界。A. newness新奇；B. emptiness空虚；C. freedom自由；D. innovation创新。根据前文“of leading them into areas”及后文“Children are naturally curious”可知，此处指的是父亲引领孩子进入新奇而精彩的领域，满足孩子的好奇心。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：孩子们天生好奇，但他们需要有人来引导他们。A. protect保护；B. challenge挑战；C. guide引导；D. believe相信。根据前文“Children are naturally curious”可知，孩子们天生好奇，但是他们需要有人来引导他们去探索世界。故选C。 【32题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这种为孩子的世界增添新维度的微妙艺术，并不一定需要大量的时间。A. absolutely绝对地；B. basically基本地；C. possibly可能地；D. necessarily必要地。根据后文“a great deal of time”和“It simply ____13____ doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them.”可知，此处指的是为孩子的世界增添新维度的微妙艺术并不一定需要大量的时间。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它仅仅意味着要更经常地和孩子们一起做事，而不是为他们做事或者对他们做事。A. involves涉及；B. risks冒险；C. admits承认；D. resists抵抗。根据后文“doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them”可知，此处指的是它只是简单地涉及到更经常地和孩子一起做事，而不是为他们做事或对他们做事。故选A。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：好父母都知道这一点：他们能给孩子的最珍贵的礼物就是激发他们的好奇心。A. hope希望；B. curiosity好奇心；C. faith信仰；D. wisdom智慧。根据前文“Children are naturally curious”及“This subtle (巧妙的) art of adding new dimensions to a child’s world”可知，此处指的是好父母能给孩子最珍贵的礼物就是激发他们的好奇心。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个夜晚仍然深深地根植在我的记忆中。A. trapped诱捕；B. set设置；C. lost失去；D. rooted根植。根据后文“in my memory”可知，此处指的是那个夜晚仍然深深地根植在我的记忆中。故选D。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Wandering Earth II, a science-fiction movie that includes some rather new concepts such as nuclear fusion (核聚变) technology and the sun’s life cycle, had a rocket-fueled box office of 2.3 billion yuan within seven days of being put on the big screen. The figure has reached 3.65 billion yuan, ____36____ (make) it the 10th biggest earner in Chinese box-office history. The film ____37____ (arouse) hot debate among scientists and science-fiction writers since it came out. La Zi, editor-in-chief of Science Fiction World, a 43-year-old magazine, says, “Only when people are familiar ____38____ astronautic technologies will science fiction gain ____39____ (popular).” ___40___ (compare) to past works, both episodes of The Wandering Earth include quite a few imagined technologies that need basic scientific knowledge to understand. In the latest one, There is a “space elevator” that enables astronauts to complete their trips to space by taking an elevator instead of a rocket. On various platforms, there are discussions about ____41____ such an elevator is possible. For Zhou, such discussions themselves mean the public has a taste for science.  La Zi points out, too, that while pop science is ____42____ (main) about existing technologies, science fiction is about ones that cannot be realized in the near future. “The farther away it is from today, the ____43____ (wild) the writer’s imagination can be,” he says. Gaining the ____44____ (recognize) of the world, China is one of the leading countries for scientific research and technological development, ____45____ inspires more and more young people in China in the future. 【答案】36. making 37. has aroused 38. with 39. popularity 40. Compared 41. whether 42. mainly 43. wilder 44. recognition 45 which 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《流浪地球2》的科技设想、其在公众中引发的讨论及中国科幻发展的潜力。 【36题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这个数字已经达到了36.5亿元，使其成为中国电影史上票房第10高的电影。根据空前has reached可知，空处需用非谓语动词，逻辑主语The figure和动词make之间是主动关系，需用现在分词形式，作结果状语。故填making。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：这部电影自上映以来，就在科学家和科幻作家之间引起了热烈的争论。根据下文since it came out可知，空处需用现在完成时，表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作或状态，或过去某一时间发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，主语The film是单数，助动词需用has。故填has aroused。 【38题详解】 考查介词。句意：只有当人们熟悉了航天技术，科幻小说才能获得流行。根据空前are familiar可知，空处需用介词with，构成固定搭配be familiar with，表示“对……熟悉”。故填with。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：只有当人们熟悉了航天技术，科幻小说才能获得流行。根据空前gain可知，空处需用名词popularity作宾语，表示“流行”，构成动词短语gain popularity，意为“获得流行”。故填popularity。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：与过去的作品相比，《流浪地球》的两部作品都包含了不少需要基本科学知识才能理解的想象技术。根据空后include可知，include为谓语动词，空处需用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语both episodes of The Wandering Earth和动词compare之间是被动关系，需用过去分词形式，句首字母需大写。故填Compared。 【41题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：在各种平台上，都有关于这样的电梯是否可能的讨论。根据空前are和空后is可知，空处需用连接词引导宾语从句，空前有介词about，应用whether引导，表示“是否”。故填whether。 【42题详解】 考查副词。句意：La Zi还指出，虽然科普主要是关于现有技术的，而科幻小说是关于近期内无法实现的技术的。根据空前is和空后about existing technologies可知，空处需用副词mainly修饰动词is，作状语，表示“主要地”。故填mainly。 【43题详解】 考查比较级。句意：“它离今天越远，作家的想象力就越狂野，”他说。根据上文The farther可知，空处需用wild的比较级形式，构成固定搭配“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……，越……”。故填wilder。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：获得世界认可的中国是科学研究和科技发展的领先国家之一，这将在未来激励越来越多的中国青年。根据空前the和空后of可知，空处需用名词recognition作宾语，构成动词短语gain (the) recognition，表示“获得认可”。故填recognition。 【45题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：获得世界认可的中国是科学研究和科技发展的领先国家之一，这将在未来激励越来越多的中国青年。根据空前is和空后inspires可知，空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，关系词指代前文一整句话，从句缺少主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 第三节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. They have set out to deal with the present situation ________ they think deserves their immediate attention. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that##which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们已经开始着手处理现状，他们认为这值得他们立即关注。空处引导定语从句，先行词是the present situation为物，they think是插入语，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填which/that。 47. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】in 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：我长大的房子已经被拆除，取而代之的是一栋办公楼。分析句子可知，从句I grew up 　在本句中作定语，修饰前面名词，且这里关系词省略，所以此空应填介词in，先行词The house作介词in后宾语。故填in。 48. About 10 percent of wealth ________ (waste) in the past decades. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has been wasted 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：在过去的几十年里，大约10%的财富被浪费了。根据时间状语“in the past decades”可知，此处为为现在完成时，主语为About 10 percent of wealth，与waste为被动关系，助动词用has。故填has been wasted。 49. The ________ (individual) of a person or thing consists of the qualities that make them different from other people or things. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】individuality 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：一个人或事物的个性包括使他们与其他人或事物不同的品质。the +名词+of ，用名词形式在句中作主语。individual的名词形式为individuality，表示“个性”，为不可数名词。故填individuality。 50. It is amazing that the little girl can swim across the river __________(measure) 50 meters wide. 【答案】measuring 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：小女孩子能游过50米的河，真是太神奇了。句中已经有谓语动词，空处用非谓语，measure“有……长”与逻辑主语river是主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填measuring。 51. The televisions are rented rather than ________ (buy), so that they can be replaced with more up-to-date models at any time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】bought 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：电视是租来的，而不是买来的，这样它们就可以随时被更新型的电视所替换。rather than表示“而不是”，连接两个并列的成分，由于rented是过去分词形式，表示“租来的”，空处和rented并列，应填过去分词形式bought，表示“买来的”。故填bought。 52. Another approach to ________ (get) more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritize your day — in particular how we craft our to-do lists. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】getting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：用更少的时间做更多事情的另一种方法是重新考虑你如何安排你的一天——特别是我们如何制定我们的任务清单。approach to意为“……的方法”，其中的to为介词，后面接动名词getting，作宾语。故填getting。 53. Neither your brother nor mine ________ (know) the good news. Let’s tell them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】knows 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：你哥哥和我哥哥都不知道这个好消息。让我们告诉他们。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，由neither…nor... 连接的主语，谓语动词为就近原则，know和mine保持一致，mine代指“my brother”，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填knows。 54. It’s such a modern machine _______ few of the workers know how to operate. 【答案】as 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这是一台现代化的机器，很少有工人知道如何操作。分析句子成分可知，空中后面句子为定语从句，先行词为a modern machine，在从句中做宾语，而且先行词前面有such修饰，故填as。 55. There are only three days left, but when and where to hold the meeting ________ (not decide) yet. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】hasn’t been decided 【解析】 【详解】考查时态语态。句意：只剩下三天了，但会议的时间和地点还没有决定。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语when and where to hold the meeting与decide为被动关系，再由yet可知，设空处时态应用现在完成时，主语为when and where to hold the meeting时，应用助动词has，且此空应用否定句形式。故填hasn’t been decided。 第四节(共10题;每题1分，满分10分) 根据所给汉语句子，在空格里填上合适的单词，每空1词。 56. 亲爱的，放松点。不要对未完成的工作忧心忡忡。 Honey, relax yourself. Don’t let the unfinished work ________ ________ you. 【答案】 ①. hang ②. over 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。表示“对……忧心忡忡”应用动词短语hang over，let sb do sth为固定用法，意为“让某人做某事”，空处需填动词原形。故填①hang②over。 57. 信息技术已被广泛应用到高科技科学研究和探索领域，更不必提我们的日常生活了。 IT has been widely applied to high-tech scientific research and exploration, ________ ________ ________ our everyday life. 【答案】 ①. not ②. to ③. mention 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配。表示“更不必提”应用固定搭配not to mention。故填①not②to③mention。 58. 我的表弟看起来很强壮，他以前肯定锻炼过身体。 My cousin looks strong, he must have made an effort to ________ ________ ________ . 【答案】 ①. get ②. into ③. shape 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。表示“锻炼过身体或健身”应用动词短语get into shape，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形。故填①get；②into；③shape。 59. 是否做整形手术是个人的选择，但人们不应该对此上瘾。 Whether to have ________ ________ is a personal choice, but people should not be addicted to it. 【答案】 ①. plastic ②. surgery 【解析】 【详解】考查名词短语。根据中文提示可知，表示“整形手术”应用plastic surgery，为名词短语，在本句中作宾语。故填plastic surgery。 60. 我的同桌不吃饭，感到恶心和头晕，然后昏倒了。 My deskmate skipped meals, felt sick and dizzy and then ________ ________. 【答案】 ①. passed ②. out 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“昏倒”短语为pass out，结合上文felt可知为一般过去时。故填passed out。 61. 他们希望通过罢工和抗议阻止人工智能在行业里的应用，他们正在打一场无望取胜的仗。 They hope to stop the AI application in the industry through strikes and protests, and they are________________ . 【答案】fighting a losing battle 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。根据空前的are和句意“他们正在打一场无望取胜的仗”可知，此处应用现在进行时态。表示“打仗”应用短语fight a battle；表示“无望取胜的”应用形容词losing。故填fighting a losing battle。 62. 您如何预防意想不到的后果呢？ How do you ________ ________ unexpected consequences? 【答案】 ①. guard ②. against 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。此处表示“预防”，应用动词短语guard against，此处为特殊疑问句，前面由助动词do，此处应用动词原形。故填guard against。 63. 我也知道要努力不辜负过去胜利所创造的名誉所要面临的压力。 I also know the pressure of trying to ________ ________ ________ the reputation created by previous victories. 【答案】 ①. live ②. up ③. to 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。此处表示“不辜负”，应用动词短语live up to，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形。故填①live；②up；③to。 64. 我知道能够轻装旅行再好不过，但我最终还是带了太多衣服。 I knew it would be good to be able to travel light, but I ________ ________ taking too many clothes. 【答案】 ①. ended ②. up 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语。此处表示“最终做某事”，应用动词短语end up doing sth.，结合上文knew可知，句子陈述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填ended up。 65. 它的目的是鼓励中国年轻人对传统服装和中国文化感到自豪。 Its purpose is to encourage young Chinese to ________ ________ ________ traditional clothing, as well as Chinese culture. 【答案】 ①. take ②. pride ③. in 【解析】 【详解】考查固定搭配和非谓语动词。表示“对……感到自豪”应用动词短语take pride in，位于动词不定式符号to后面，使用动词原形。故填①take；②pride；③in。 第四部分 写作(满分20分) 66. 假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Adam热衷于中国历史文化。他计划今年假期来华旅游，希望你给他推荐旅游城市。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 表示欢迎；2. 推荐旅游城市；3. 表示祝愿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。 Dear Adam, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours Li Hua 【答案】 Dear Adam, I’m glad to learn that you are planning to travel around China. I’m writing to extend my warm welcome. I suggest that you go to Beijing for a visit. Beijing has much to offer the tourists. You can go to the Great Wall first. You are also strongly recommended to tour around the Forbidden City, whose character is well preserved despite its old age. Not only will you learn more about Chinese history, but you will also appreciate the charm of traditional Chinese architecture. I hope you will enjoy your stay and have a good time travelling. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给爱尔兰笔友Adam写一封信，为他推荐旅游城市。 详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad → delighted 表达：extend → convey 尽管：despite → in spite of 玩得愉快：have a good time → have fun 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Beijing has much to offer the tourists. You can go to the Great Wall first. 拓展句：Beijing has much to offer the tourists where you can go to the Great Wall first. 【点睛】【高分句型1】You are also strongly recommended to tour around the Forbidden City, whose character is well preserved despite its old age.（运用了whose引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Not only will you learn more about Chinese history, but you will also appreciate the charm of traditional Chinese architecture.（运用了部分倒装结构和not only…but also…连接的并列句） 听力答案：1-5 BACAA 6-10 CCBCB 11-15 BACAA 16-20 BBBCC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 江苏省扬州中学2024-2025学年第一学期阶段练习 高一英语 2024.12 试卷满分:150分，考试时间:120分钟 注意事项: 1. 答卷前，请考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等写在答题卡上并贴上条形码。 2. 将选择题答案填写在答题卡的指定位置上(使用机读卡的用2B铅笔在机读卡上填涂)，非选择题一律在答题卡上作答，在试卷上答题无效。 3. 考试结束后，请将机读卡和答题卡交监考人员。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题：每一小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When did the man visit the National Park? A. Last September. B. Last December. C. This July. 2. What does the woman think of Olivia? A. She is quiet. B. She is sociable. C. She is talkative. 3. What will the man do this Tuesday? A. Attend an interview. B. Meet his doctor. C. Deliver a speech. 4. What is the man’s chief consideration in choosing the cottage? A. Its location. B. Its comfort. C. Its facilities. 5. Where did the conversation probably take place? A. At the airport. B. In the office. C. At the hotel. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man’s attitude towards his job? A. He is tired of the same old routine. B. He is curious about his job prospect. C. He is enthusiastic about this demanding job. 7. How old is the man? A. 25. B. 40. C. 65. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. What does the woman suggest buying for Amber’s housewarming? A. A purple blue dress. 　 B. A pale pink lamp. C. Pale blue scented candles. 9. Who are the speakers? A. Amber’s neighbors. B. Amber’s house sitters. C. Amber’s parents. 听第8段材料，回答第10至13题。 10. What does the man know about Zhuozheng Garden? A. It was first built in the Qing Dynasty. B. It tops the other classical gardens in Suzhou. C. It is about 6 miles away from Gusu District. 11. What does the woman say about Liuyuan Garden and Tuisi Garden? A. They are eighty miles apart. 　　　　 B. They are in opposite directions. C. They are quite close to each other. 12 Which garden will the man skip this time? A. Tuisi Garden. B. Liuyuan Garden. C. Zhuozheng Garden. 13. Why is Suzhou Museum worth visiting? A. It is otherwise known as the Garden Museum. B. It features the Qing Dynasty’s garden landscaping. C. It houses relics dating back to the Ming and Qing dynasties. 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。 14. What are the speakers talking about? A. Managing the reading workload. B. Deciding which books to read. C. Choosing the right pen for marking. 15. What does the man use to mark new vocabulary? A. Orange color. B. Blue color. C. Yellow color. 16. What is the man’s system for marking? A. He prefers to mark as little as possible. B. He marks after reading the entire paragraph. C. He uses smiley faces to identify amusing areas. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the focus for the 2024-2025 SLP program? A. Academic achievements. B. Environmental protection. C. The development of leadership. 18. Which session of the program is to be run in the USA? A. Pre­summer program. B. Summer program. C. Post­summer program. 19. What should the participants do after the summer program? A. Create a follow­up program. 　　　　 B. Complete academic coursework. C. Carry out their community engagement plans. 20. Who are encouraged to apply for the program? A. Overseas students studying in America now. B. Students who are interested in global issues. C. Students who haven’t been to America before. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Welcome to WeKnowDiets.com. We have compiled (汇集) the most comprehensive database of information for people who are looking for a slimmer body and healthier lifestyle. There are now thousands of Weight-Loss Products and Diet Programs available to choose from—that can be a little confusing. Our goal is to give you a quick snapshot (简介) of what options are available to you. We will inform you of the hottest new ingredients and which products and programs bring you the most quality and best results. NuPhedrine—burn 500 more calories per day NuPhedrine is probably one of the best weight-loss pills ever made. What is so impressive about this pill is that the makers can honestly say that you will burn at least 500 more calories per day just by taking NuPhedrine. Miracle Fat Burning Cream Imagine being able to target your problem areas for rapid results. Now you can do just that. We have found that Miracle Fat Burning Cream is clinically (临床的) proven to burn fat and it uses a patented delivery technology that works immediately. Alli Diet Pill This diet pill, claims to provide weight loss that “won’t be easy”. This product does not seem to promise particularly fast results, and instead emphasizes gradual weight loss. The accompanying book is intended to act as a companion to the weight-loss product． Bikini Boot Camp—14 days for a bikini body It is a customized back-to-basics system, which, regardless of its name, is actually about putting “fun” back into exercise while eating in a balanced way. The developers of this diet system make it accessible to everyone by bringing it into people’s homes—in both a book and an online-based plan． 1. The passage is intended for those _______. A. with a slim figure B. with high blood pressure C. who are very fat D. who seek for a healthy diet 2. Which of the following emphasizes gradual weight loss? A. NuPhedrine． B. Miracle Fat Burning Cream． C. Alli Diet Pill． D. Bikini Boot Camp． 3. Bikini Boot Camp is different from the others in that _______. A. ordinary people can afford it B. it is a diet program full of fun C. you eat less but exercise more D. it can save you much money B A Letter from Willa Cather to President Tomas Masaryk Honored sir, Your letter, sent to me through your Legation at Washington, confers upon me great honor and gives me great pleasure. I am glad to have carried a message from the Bohemian (波希米亚) neighbors, whom I grew up with, to their home country of the Czech Republic. I have just returned to New York, where I had the pleasure of taking Annie Pavelka, the living “Antonia” in my book My Antonia, and six of her children to the first screening of A Lost Lady. I have the good fortune to preserve relations with most of my characters. “Antonia” and her splendid children are flesh and blood realities. Every time I go back to them, I feel how much more interesting and lovable they are than my picture of them. I wish I could present them to you in person. I regret that I cannot satisfactorily meet your kind request for biographical (传记的) material. I avoid biographers, asking them to wait until I get my work further along. My first novel was published in 1912, and a period of twelve years is hardly long enough for a writer to find the form best suited for writing. I was not young when I began to write, and though living is a good preparation for writing, I do need more time to acquire a simple and modest way of presenting my work, however well I know what I wish to present. I am able to send you a very good photograph taken recently. I enclose a short biographical account which my publishers use for publicity purposes, and some casual reviews. Biographies usually begin to come along just about the time a writer has no more to say, and Ido not feel that time has yet come to me. I beg you, President Masaryk, to believe in my grateful appreciation of your letter. Respectfully yours, Willa Cather 4. Who is Antonia? A. A director of a movie. B. A character in a book. C. Cather’s relative in New York. D. Cather’s neighbor from Bohemia. 5. What does the author need for a most suitable writing style according to paragraph 3? A. Time. B. Youth. C. Publishers’ advice. D. Financial support. 6. What does writing a biography mean to the author according to paragraph 4? A. An inspiration to her readers. B. A record of her achievements. C. A window into a writer’s world. D. An endpoint in a writer’s career. 7. What is the author’s purpose in writing this letter? A. To rebuild her Bohemian connection. B. To decline the president’s request. C. To explain her philosophy of writing. D. To appreciate the president’s interest. C The science of why insects gather around lights at night has never been nailed down. Popular theories propose that moths and other insects navigate (导航) by the moon and mistake lamps for moonlight, or that the insects fly towards light to escape coming danger. Now researchers believe they have a more convincing answer: contrary to current theories, insects are not attracted to light from far away, but become trapped if they fly close to an artificial light source. According to Dr Sam Fabian, study co-author and Imperial College London entomologist, moths and many other insects that fly at night evolved to tilt (倾斜) their backs to wherever is brightest. For hundreds of millions of years, this was the sky rather than the ground. The trick told insects which way was up and ensured they flew level. But then came artificial lighting. Moths found themselves tilting their backs to street lamps. This caused them to circle around the lamps endlessly, the insects trapped by their evolution. Fabian and his colleagues filmed insect flight paths around lights in the lab. The videos reveal that time and again moths and dragonflies turned their backs to artificial lights, which appeared to greatly change their flight paths. If the light is above them, they might start orbiting it, but if it’s behind them, they start tilting backwards and end up flying in circles or diving toward the ground. Researchers have long warned that light pollution is a big driving force in the dramatic decline in insect populations. Moths and other insects that become trapped around lamps become easily caught by bats. The artificial lighting can also fool them into thinking it is daytime, causing them to bed down and skip a night’s feeding. There are, Fabian believes, helpful lessons from the research. “What this tells us is that the direction of artificial light matters. Could we change lighting environments to not trap insects? For we’re facing a massive decline in insects around the world, and artificial light at night is one of the factors that could potentially be leading to this decline,” Fabian said. 8. What do the underlined words “nailed down” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Popularized widely. B. Discussed openly. C. Defined accurately. D. Explored academically. 9. Fabian’s study found that moths circle around the lamps endlessly because ______. A. they can’t keep their balance. B. they use improper flight attitude. C. they lose track of which way is up. D. they are attracted to lights from far away. 10. What is the significance of the research finding? A. It may lead to better conservation of insects. B. Natural enemies of insects will be got rid of. C. Artificial lighting will be greatly reduced at night. D. It may raise concerns for insects’ eating behavior. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. Why insects lose their ability to fly at night. B. Why artificial light and evolution trap insects. C. How artificial light impacts insect populations. D. How insects evolved distinct strategies of flight. D Speaking a native language that requires tones appears to boost perception (感知) of melody, but at the cost of rhythm, researchers report April 26 in Current Biology. The massive global study hints at how language skills seep into other areas of cognition. Tonal (声调的) languages use pitch to distinguish words that otherwise might sound the same. In Mandarin, for instance, mü means horse whereas mä means mother. Nontonal languages like Spanish sometimes include pitch changes to suggest emotion, for example, but not to change a word’s meaning. As a Mandarin speaker and flutist, Jingxuan Liu wondered about the crossover between language and music. While studying psychology as an undergraduate at Duke University, Liu helped analyze the musical abilities of nearly half a million people from 203 countries. Her colleagues had launched an online game in which participants completed several musical tasks, including identifying matching melodies at different pitches and finding beat tracks that fit songs’ rhythms. On average, native speakers of the 19 represented tonal languages were better at the melody task compared with speakers of 29 nontonal languages. And the effect wasn’t small — a tonal first language enhanced melodic perception by about half the amount that music lessons did, which was also surveyed. But tonal language speakers tended to be worse at the rhythm task. Humans must be choosy about what they pay attention to. Pitch patterns are vital in tonal languages, which might explain the musical trade-off. “You’ve got a finite resource of attention, and you’ve got to allocate that somehow,” says study coauthor Courtney Hilton, a cognitive scientist at the University of Auckland in New Zealand. Prior research on language and music often compared just two tongues, usually English and Cantonese or Mandarin. But other cultural influences, such as Eastern and Western music styles, could have affected results. By examining a wide range of people, the new study included languages never assessed in this way and reached more general conclusions. “Our result here is showing that the language someone speaks — which is an important part of culture — also shapes cognition, Hilton says. 12. What do the underlined words “seep into” in the first paragraph mean? A. Enter gradually. B. Control constantly C. Damage slightly. D. Understand completely. 13. What information can we get from the musical tasks of Jingxuan Liu’s colleagues? A. Tonal languages determine our music abilities. B. Tonal first languages can take the place of music lessons. C. Tonal language speakers perform better in the rhythm tasks. D. Tonal languages help native speakers to better acquire melody. 14. Which of the following statements does Courtney Hilton most agree with? A. The musical trade-off enhances human cognition. B. The musical abilities boost human perception of melody. C. A limited span of attention accounts for human musical trade-off. D. English and Cantonese or Mandarin affect human musical abilities. 15. What is the text mainly about? A. Native language influences human culture. B. Native language might shape musical ability. C. Native language is an important part of culture. D. Native language enhances human melodic perception. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Humanities departments (人文院系) in America are once again being cut down. Earlier this month, the State University of New York (SUNY) Stony Brook announced a plan to abandon several of the college’s wel;-known departments for budgetary(预算的) reasons. The University of Pittsburgh has cut its German and classics. _____16_____ In th UK, Middlesex University decided to gradually get rid of philosophy department. In June 2015, the Japanese minister of edcuation sent a letter to the presidents of the national universities of Japan, suggesting they close their graduate and undergraduate departments in the humanities and social sciences and focus on something more practical. _____17_____. Essays explain why we need these subjects,and what their loss will mean. These areas of learning provide us with the ability to think critically and independently; to tolerate ambiguity (模棱两可); to see both sides of an issue; to look beneath the surface of what we are being told; to appreciate the ways in which language can help us understand one another more clearly and profoundly(显著地). _____18_____ Studying the classics and philosophy teaches students where we come from, and how our modes of reasoning have evolved over time. Learning foreign languages, and about other cultures, enables students to understand how other societies resemble (相似) or differ from our own. I don’t believe that the humanities can make you a decent person. _____19_____. The humanities teach us about those who have gone before us; a foreign language brings us closer to those with whom we share the planet. The humanities can touch those aspects of consciousness (意识) that we call intellect and heart. _____20_____. A. These subjects are under attack. B. Three doctoral (博士的) program would be cancelled. C Defenses of the humanities have appeared. D. This problem has also arisen internationally. E. Therefore, courses in the humanities are beneficial. F. They help us learn how to think, and they equip us to live in a harmonious society. G. But they can focus on and expand our sense of what humans can accomplish and create. 第三部分 语言运用(共四节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 One summer night in a seaside cottage, a boy felt himself ____21____ from bed and carried in his father’s arms on to the beach. Overhead the sky twinkled with stars. “Watch!” ____22____, as his father spoke, one of the stars moved. It ____23____ across the dark sky like golden fire. And before the wonder of this could ____24____, another star leaped from its place, then another, diving towards the restless sea. “What’s this?” the child asked in ____25____. “Shooting stars. They ____26____ every year on a certain August night. That was all: just an ____27____ encounter of something mysterious and beautiful. But back in bed, the child stared for a long time into the dark, with mind full of the falling stars. I was the ____28____ seven-year-old boy whose father believed that a new experience ____29____ more for a small boy than an unbroken night’s sleep. My father had, to a marvelous degree, the gift of opening doors for children, of leading them into areas of splendid _____30_____. Children are naturally curious, but they need someone to _____31_____ them. This subtle (巧妙的) art of adding new dimensions to a child’s world doesn’t _____32_____ require a great deal of time. It simply _____33_____ doing things more often with children instead of for them or to them. Good parents know this: The most precious gift they can give a child is to spark their flame of _____34_____. That night is still deeply _____35_____ in my memory. Next year, when August comes with its shooting stars, my son will be seven. 21. A. hidden B. robbed C. lifted D. kicked 22. A. Incredibly B. Anxiously C. Simply D. Accidentally 23. A. exploded B. circled C. spread D. flashed 24. A. fade B. work C. attack D. continue 25. A. amazement B. horror C. relief D. delight 26. A. blow up B. turn up C. show off D. give away 27. A. uncomfortable B. unbearable C. undetected D. unexpected 28. A. curious B. determined C. fortunate D. chosen 29. A. worked B. mattered C. deserved D. proved 30. A. newness B. emptiness C. freedom D. innovation 31. A. protect B. challenge C. guide D. believe 32. A. absolutely B. basically C. possibly D. necessarily 33. A. involves B. risks C. admits D. resists 34. A. hope B. curiosity C. faith D. wisdom 35. A. trapped B. set C. lost D. rooted 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Wandering Earth II, a science-fiction movie that includes some rather new concepts such as nuclear fusion (核聚变) technology and the sun’s life cycle, had a rocket-fueled box office of 2.3 billion yuan within seven days of being put on the big screen. The figure has reached 3.65 billion yuan, ____36____ (make) it the 10th biggest earner in Chinese box-office history. The film ____37____ (arouse) hot debate among scientists and science-fiction writers since it came out. La Zi, editor-in-chief of Science Fiction World, a 43-year-old magazine, says, “Only when people are familiar ____38____ astronautic technologies will science fiction gain ____39____ (popular).” ___40___ (compare) to past works, both episodes of The Wandering Earth include quite a few imagined technologies that need basic scientific knowledge to understand. In the latest one, There is a “space elevator” that enables astronauts to complete their trips to space by taking an elevator instead of a rocket. On various platforms, there are discussions about ____41____ such an elevator is possible. For Zhou, such discussions themselves mean the public has a taste for science.  La Zi points out, too, that while pop science is ____42____ (main) about existing technologies, science fiction is about ones that cannot be realized in the near future. “The farther away it is from today, the ____43____ (wild) the writer’s imagination can be,” he says. Gaining the ____44____ (recognize) of the world China is one of the leading countries for scientific research and technological development, ____45____ inspires more and more young people in China in the future. 第三节(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 46. They have set out to deal with the present situation ________ they think deserves their immediate attention. (用适当的词填空) 47. The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building. (用适当的词填空) 48. About 10 percent of wealth ________ (waste) in the past decades. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. The ________ (individual) of a person or thing consists of the qualities that make them different from other people or things. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. It is amazing that the little girl can swim across the river __________(measure) 50 meters wide. 51. The televisions are rented rather than ________ (buy), so that they can be replaced with more up-to-date models at any time. (所给词的适当形式填空) 52. Another approach to ________ (get) more done in less time is to rethink how you prioritize your day — in particular how we craft our to-do lists. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. Neither your brother nor mine ________ (know) the good news. Let’s tell them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. It’s such a modern machine _______ few of the workers know how to operate. 55. There are only three days left, but when and where to hold the meeting ________ (not decide) yet. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四节(共10题;每题1分，满分10分) 根据所给汉语句子，在空格里填上合适的单词，每空1词。 56. 亲爱的，放松点。不要对未完成的工作忧心忡忡。 Honey, relax yourself. Don’t let the unfinished work ________ ________ you. 57. 信息技术已被广泛应用到高科技科学研究和探索领域，更不必提我们的日常生活了。 IT has been widely applied to high-tech scientific research and exploration, ________ ________ ________ our everyday life. 58. 我的表弟看起来很强壮，他以前肯定锻炼过身体。 My cousin looks strong, he must have made an effort to ________ ________ ________ . 59. 是否做整形手术是个人的选择，但人们不应该对此上瘾。 Whether to have ________ ________ is a personal choice, but people should not be addicted to it. 60. 我同桌不吃饭，感到恶心和头晕，然后昏倒了。 My deskmate skipped meals, felt sick and dizzy and then ________ ________. 61. 他们希望通过罢工和抗议阻止人工智能在行业里的应用，他们正在打一场无望取胜的仗。 They hope to stop the AI application in the industry through strikes and protests, and they are________________ . 62. 您如何预防意想不到的后果呢？ How do you ________ ________ unexpected consequences? 63. 我也知道要努力不辜负过去胜利所创造的名誉所要面临的压力。 I also know the pressure of trying to ________ ________ ________ the reputation created by previous victories. 64. 我知道能够轻装旅行再好不过，但我最终还是带了太多衣服。 I knew it would be good to be able to travel light, but I ________ ________ taking too many clothes. 65. 它的目的是鼓励中国年轻人对传统服装和中国文化感到自豪。 Its purpose is to encourage young Chinese to ________ ________ ________ traditional clothing, as well as Chinese culture. 第四部分 写作(满分20分) 66. 假定你是李华，你的爱尔兰笔友Adam热衷于中国历史文化。他计划今年假期来华旅游，希望你给他推荐旅游城市。请你给他写一封邮件，内容包括：1. 表示欢迎；2. 推荐旅游城市；3. 表示祝愿。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卷的相应位置作答。 Dear Adam, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 听力答案：1-5 BACAA 6-10 CCBCB 11-15 BACAA 16-20 BBBCC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$