Unit 3 The Internet 单元话题七选五练习-2024-2025学年高一英语必修第二册单元重难点易错题精练（人教版2019）

Unit 3 The Internet 单元话题七选五练习 （23-24高一下·湖北·期末）In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), the need for critical thinking among humans has become important. 1 This is where critical thinking steps in, helping humans stay ahead in an increasingly automated (自动化的) world. Critical thinking is the process of actively and skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and constructing arguments. It involves the ability to question assumptions, recognize biases (偏见), and make informed decisions based on logic and evidence. 2 Firstly, AI systems are designed to operate within predefined parameters (参数) and datasets. They are good at pattern recognition and data analysis but often struggle with unexpected situations. Humans, armed with critical thinking skills, can identify and address these blind spots, adapting their approach to tackling unforeseen challenges. 3 Critical thinkers are able to question the AI's outputs, challenge its assumptions, and ensure that decisions are based on a full understanding of the problem at hand instead of being influenced by these biases and errors. 4 In a world where AI is automating routine tasks, the ability to think critically and creatively becomes a distinct factor. It allows humans to generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways, and contribute to social progress. Moral considerations are also crucial in the age of AI. As AI systems increasingly make decisions that affect people's lives, the need for moral judgment and critical thinking cannot be overstated. 5 In conclusion, critical thinking is vital in the age of artificial intelligence, ensuring a future that is both technologically advanced and human-centered. A．It can balance out AI's inability in many aspects. B．It enables people to understand the world in various ways. C．Critical thinking encourages creativity and innovation (创新). D．Critical thinking ensures human advantage in logical reasoning. E．Moreover, AI is affected by biases and errors in the data it is trained on. F．Critical thinkers can evaluate potential social impact and make moral decisions. G．AI, despite its impressive advancements, lacks the ability of deep understanding. （23-24高一下·湖南·期中）What is a Mobile Blog? A mobile blog is a type of blog that is written and submitted via a cellular telephone, internet- connected personal digital assistants or other connected portable device in most cases. The advantage of a mobile blog is that it gives the writer a chance to record his or her thoughts immediately. 1 What makes a mobile blog popular is the fact that many phones now come equipped with digital cameras. 2 They can be selected to be displayed on a computer monitor. Thus, a mobile blog can not only include text, but a picture as well, adding to the overall interest of the piece. Anything that sets a blog apart, such as a photo, can be a very useful tool. 3 These phones often have full keyboards laid cut in a fashion similar to a computer keyboard. Actually, judging from the real experience of operating, writing on them can be inconvenient. 4 These smartphones also have the ability of connecting to the internet, as most people using them will choose internet service, which can make filing a mobile blog even easier. The mobile blog is based on the same principle as the short message service, only expanded a little bit to include longer pieces, and additional media, such as photos. The blogs may be readable on other phones or may be available, in some cases, for review on computers. It should be noted that many mobile phones may not support traditional online blogging software programs. 5 A．Therefore, a specialized program may be necessary. B．Most of these cameras can take fairly decent pictures. C．Thus, more tools available to connect people are needed. D．There is no need to wait until there is access to a computer. E．The writer are expected to set down the thought as quickly as possible. F．The popularity of smartphones has made the writing of a mobile blog easier. G．However, it is much easier than typing out words on a traditional phone keypad. （23-24高一下·江苏无锡·期中）If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. 1 Recently, password management service NordPass has carried out a study to determine the 200 most commonly used passwords around the world. They analyzed the data across 50 countries. The findings show password choices are often attached to cultural references. 2 In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice. 3 Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I love you”, while men often use sports-related passwords. In some countries, men use more swear words than women. Choosing long and complex passwords remains the main authentication mechanism (身份验证机制) for computers and network-based products and services. But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. 4 To overcome the security issues linked with password-based authentication systems, researchers and developers are now concentrating on creating authentication systems which don’t depend on passwords at all. 5 For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码). All in all, a secure password is the first line of defense against Internet attacks. Don’t give up security for convenience. A．As a result, they put themselves under potential online security threats. B．The findings show that passwords tell our emotions and our identity. C．Besides, there are other ways to protect your personal information. D．These are among the most popular passwords around the world. E．The report also reflected different preferences between genders. F．People in some countries take inspiration from a football team. G．They need the support of computer experts. （23-24高一下·江苏宿迁·期中）Social media is a double-edged sword. It can be good or bad, depending on how people use it. Here are several ways to help one use it responsibly. 1 Social media can be a big waste of time if you spend most of your day looking through what other people post, commenting on and liking things, or looking at every message on your device. Instead, you should learn to practice some self-control and limit your usage every day. 2 Afterward, set an amount of time for your social media use, such as 10 minutes every time. Think twice before posting something. Materials posted on social media are often more lasting than you think. And even if your post is deleted, words and images you upload on these platforms can remain online and be difficult to remove. 3 Therefore, before posting something online, consider if it would negatively affect others. If it is, then don’t post it. 4 This can destroy your reputation or others’. Learn to check the truth of things that you see. Some of the things you see on social media might not necessarily be true, especially when it comes to news and information. You may immediately believe what you see and read. The danger of this behavior is that you might be spreading misinformation if you share what you have seen before checking the truth of the post. 5 Check from other sources whether what you have seen and read is true. Ask opinions from other people. A．Follow those that matter to you. B．Don’t let social media eat all your time. C．And you never know where they might end up. D．What’s more, avoid posting unprofessional photos or bad comments. E．Social media can have a powerful impact on a person’s emotional state. F．Just make it a practice to research the accuracy of any information or image. G．For example, try setting specific times per day when you check your social media accounts. （23-24高一下·广东河源·开学考试）We live in a world where we are usually exposed to (接触) news on social media that can be scary, upsetting, or confusing. 1 However, as Mr. Rogers, the beloved host of a children’s show, once said, “When I was a boy and I would see scary things in the news, my mother would say to me, ‘Look for the helpers. You will always find people who are helpful.’ ” One of the places where we can look for “the helpers” is on social media platforms. 2 For example, Ryan Kaji is a 9-year-old boy who runs the channel Ryan’s World. He makes videos about science experiments and games that are fun and educational for kids. He also donates to charities and causes that he cares about. 3 One problem is finding reliable (可靠) and exact sources of information. Not all content on social media platforms is trustworthy. Some content creators may just want to make money from ads. Therefore, it is important to judge the reliability of the sources before we trust their content. Another challenge is keeping a healthy balance between online and offline activities. Spending too much time online can do harm to our physical health, such as causing headaches or sleep problems. Therefore, it is important to limit our screen time by doing other activities. 4 Looking for helpers on social media can be a valuable way to find hope and comfort in difficulty. 5 Then we will form our own opinions. We can also be helpers ourselves by sharing helpful content on social media that can make a difference in the world. A．We’d better find some topics to talk about with the helper. B．Exercising, reading, and learning art are all good choices. C．Phones and computers have made information easier to gain. D．They offer a lot of content that can educate or support young viewers. E．It enables us to see things from different viewpoints and learn new things. F．However, looking for helpers on social media also comes with some challenges. G．Sometimes, it can be hard to deal with the negative thoughts that these events cause. （23-24高一下·浙江·期中）As the world struggles to deal with the climate crisis, some companies are working to remove polluting carbon dioxide from the air. 1 But two US companies have recently made important progress. Scientists say large amounts of CO2 must be removed from the CO2 atmosphere and stored. 2 But there’s so much CO2 in the atmosphere that just planting trees and protecting forests won’t solve the problem. And, when plants and trees die, the carbon they’ve stored gets released again. That means humans need to come up with ways of removing carbon from the air and storing it. This is called Direct Air Capture(DAC). The science of removing carbon from the air is challenging, and it’s still pretty new. 3 So one puzzle for these companies is how to remove carbon without creating more pollution. A company called Heirloom has just opened the first DAC plant in the United States. The company heats up the limestone to separate out the CO2, which is concrete. The process is extremely expensive. 4 That’s a tiny amount compared to how much carbon needs to be removed from the atmosphere, but the company says it hopes to remove a billion tons per year by 2035. 5 Some people worry that it will take too long for DAC technology to become powerful enough to make a difference. Others worry that focusing on removing carbon could take attention away from more important climate actions, like switching from fossil fuels to renewable energy. But experts say the decision isn’t to do one or the other. The world needs to end fossil fuel use and pull carbon out of the air. A．Plants and trees do this naturally. B．That’s a huge and challenging goal. C．Not everyone is excited about carbon removal. D．Graphyte is another US company working on DAC． E．The new plant can remove 1,000 tons of CO2 a year. F．Most DAC processes require a large amount of energy. G．As a matter of fact, CO2 is just a small part of the gases that make up air. （23-24高一下·安徽合肥·期中）The online mapping is a way to use maps available online to provide a number of functions that traditional maps have provided for years. 1 Meanwhile, there are other types of maps available as well, such as nautical maps (航海地图). One advantage of the online mapping is the ability to custom-make a map for an individual based on particular needs. 2 Thus, the map is much more than a graph of roads; it is a custom-made printing specifically based on a desired route. In addition, the online mapping also usually includes text directions that can help provide yet another affirmation (确认) of the route. These text directions are often displayed in conjunction with any map that is shown and is printable. 3 Traditional maps may only be updated once a year just before they are published. 4 It can be updated in real time. A map can indeed be update d on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis, but it does not necessarily mean that it will be. Even the most thorough mapping services may not be able to keep up with all the construction projects and changes on any given day. 5 . Some maps may only show the route the driver should take, without other streets being listed. Also, there is no way for an online mapping service to inform travelers if they do wander off the route prescribed. A．It depends on how often they are updated. B．However, the online mapping has no such limitations. C．There are some disadvantages of using the online mapping. D．The most common application is probably the road mapping. E．Some of them fail to provide accurate maps and directions. F．This can help a traveler remove all unnecessary information. G．So it’s convenient for those who need to take their maps with them. （23-24高一下·山东泰安·期中）As we know, the Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. It makes communication much more convenient. 1 Nowadays, your friends are just a click away. Whenever someone needs help, friends from all over the world can immediately provide useful suggestions or information. Online communication can actually bring people closer to each other. In spite of this, some people believe that the Internet has many negative aspects. 2 Images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug. According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. Important social skills are developed through direct contact. It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships. The Internet can make people self-centred. 3 For example, instead of having proper conversations with friends, some people are only concerned with their online popularity — How many “likes” did I get? How many followers do I have? — though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewarding friendships. 4 Posts about funny cat images do not necessarily help form meaningful relationship. Online relationships may not be what they appear to be. Friendships are built on the basis of trust. With online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. 5 In my opinion, friends should focus more on face-to-face communication, and less on online communication. This is the best way to maintain healthy relationships. A．The Internet has completely changed people’s lives. B．They never think of anyone or anything but themselves. C．Talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact. D．You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are. E．It’s impolite to post embarrassing information of other people. F．In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is of little value. G．Going online can be dangerous if you are easily influenced or too trusting. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 3 The Internet 单元话题七选五练习 （23-24高一下·湖北·期末）In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), the need for critical thinking among humans has become important. 1 This is where critical thinking steps in, helping humans stay ahead in an increasingly automated (自动化的) world. Critical thinking is the process of actively and skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and constructing arguments. It involves the ability to question assumptions, recognize biases (偏见), and make informed decisions based on logic and evidence. 2 Firstly, AI systems are designed to operate within predefined parameters (参数) and datasets. They are good at pattern recognition and data analysis but often struggle with unexpected situations. Humans, armed with critical thinking skills, can identify and address these blind spots, adapting their approach to tackling unforeseen challenges. 3 Critical thinkers are able to question the AI's outputs, challenge its assumptions, and ensure that decisions are based on a full understanding of the problem at hand instead of being influenced by these biases and errors. 4 In a world where AI is automating routine tasks, the ability to think critically and creatively becomes a distinct factor. It allows humans to generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways, and contribute to social progress. Moral considerations are also crucial in the age of AI. As AI systems increasingly make decisions that affect people's lives, the need for moral judgment and critical thinking cannot be overstated. 5 In conclusion, critical thinking is vital in the age of artificial intelligence, ensuring a future that is both technologically advanced and human-centered. A．It can balance out AI's inability in many aspects. B．It enables people to understand the world in various ways. C．Critical thinking encourages creativity and innovation (创新). D．Critical thinking ensures human advantage in logical reasoning. E．Moreover, AI is affected by biases and errors in the data it is trained on. F．Critical thinkers can evaluate potential social impact and make moral decisions. G．AI, despite its impressive advancements, lacks the ability of deep understanding. 【答案】1．G 2．A 3．E 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了在人工智能时代，批判性思维对于人类的重要性，强调其在应对AI局限、促进创新和确保道德决策中的关键作用。 1．上文“In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), the need for critical thinking among humans has become important. (在人工智能（AI）的时代，人类中批判性思维的需求变得至关重要)”这句话强调了在AI盛行的时代，批判性思维对人类的重要。G选项AI, despite its impressive advancements, lacks the ability of deep understanding. (尽管AI取得了令人印象深刻的进步，但它缺乏深度理解的能力)直接回应了为何在AI时代批判性思维对人类如此重要——因为AI缺乏深度理解和判断力，而这是人类通过批判性思维可以弥补的。故选G项。 2．上文“Critical thinking is the process of actively and skillfully analyzing, evaluating, and constructing arguments. It involves the ability to question assumptions, recognize biases (偏见), and make informed decisions based on logic and evidence. (批判性思维是积极而巧妙地分析、评估和构建论点的过程。它涉及质疑假设、识别偏见以及根据逻辑和证据做出明智决策的能力)”这段话阐述了批判性思维的定义，根据下文的“Firstly”“Moreover”等可知，后文讲到的多方面人工智能的局限性都可以由批判性思维来弥补。由此可知，A选项It can balance out AI's inability in many aspects.(批判性思维可以在许多方面弥补人工智能的不足之处)能够承上启下，符合语境。故选A项。 3．上文“Firstly, AI systems are designed to operate within predefined parameters (参数) and datasets. They are good at pattern recognition and data analysis but often struggle with unexpected situations. Humans, armed with critical thinking skills, can identify and address these blind spots, adapting their approach to tackling unforeseen challenges. (首先，人工智能系统被设计为在预定义的参数和数据集内运行。他们擅长模式识别和数据分析，但经常与意外情况作斗争。拥有批判性思维技能的人类可以识别和解决这些盲点，调整他们的方法来应对不可预见的挑战) ”提到了人类运用批判性思维技能可以识别并解决AI系统的盲点。E选项Moreover, AI is affected by biases and errors in the data it is trained on. (此外，人工智能还受到训练数据中的偏见和错误的影响。) 是最能填入空白处的句子，因为它既承接了上文关于AI局限性的讨论，又为下文讨论人类批判性思维的优势提供了自然的过渡。故选E项。 4．下文“In a world where AI is automating routine tasks, the ability to think critically and creatively becomes a distinct factor. It allows humans to generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways, and contribute to social progress. (在人工智能自动化日常任务的世界里，批判性和创造性思维的能力成为一个独特的因素。它使人类能够产生新颖的想法，以独特的方式解决问题，并为社会进步做出贡献)”这段话强调了在AI自动化了许多日常任务的情况下，批判性思维和创造力成为人类区别于机器的关键能力。C选项Critical thinking encourages creativity and innovation (创新). (批判性思维鼓励创造力和创新) 和这部分内容完全呼应，并且选项C中的“creativity and innovation (创造力和创新)”直接对应本句话中的“generate novel ideas, solve problems in unique ways (产生新颖的想法，以独特的方式解决问题)”。故选C项。 5．上文“Moral considerations are also crucial in the age of AI. As AI systems increasingly make decisions that affect people's lives, the need for moral judgment and critical thinking cannot be overstated. (在人工智能时代，道德考虑也至关重要。随着人工智能系统越来越多地做出影响人们生活的决定，道德判断和批判性思维的必要性怎么强调都不为过)”讨论了AI决策的道德层面，强调了在AI时代道德判断和批判性思维的重要性。F选项Critical thinkers can evaluate potential social impact and make moral decisions. (批判性思考者能够评估潜在的社会影响并作出道德决策) 直接与上文讨论的道德考量和批判性思维在AI决策中的作用相呼应，说明了批判性思维者能够评估社会影响和做出道德决策方面发挥关键作用。故选F项。 （23-24高一下·湖南·期中）What is a Mobile Blog? A mobile blog is a type of blog that is written and submitted via a cellular telephone, internet- connected personal digital assistants or other connected portable device in most cases. The advantage of a mobile blog is that it gives the writer a chance to record his or her thoughts immediately. 1 What makes a mobile blog popular is the fact that many phones now come equipped with digital cameras. 2 They can be selected to be displayed on a computer monitor. Thus, a mobile blog can not only include text, but a picture as well, adding to the overall interest of the piece. Anything that sets a blog apart, such as a photo, can be a very useful tool. 3 These phones often have full keyboards laid cut in a fashion similar to a computer keyboard. Actually, judging from the real experience of operating, writing on them can be inconvenient. 4 These smartphones also have the ability of connecting to the internet, as most people using them will choose internet service, which can make filing a mobile blog even easier. The mobile blog is based on the same principle as the short message service, only expanded a little bit to include longer pieces, and additional media, such as photos. The blogs may be readable on other phones or may be available, in some cases, for review on computers. It should be noted that many mobile phones may not support traditional online blogging software programs. 5 A．Therefore, a specialized program may be necessary. B．Most of these cameras can take fairly decent pictures. C．Thus, more tools available to connect people are needed. D．There is no need to wait until there is access to a computer. E．The writer are expected to set down the thought as quickly as possible. F．The popularity of smartphones has made the writing of a mobile blog easier. G．However, it is much easier than typing out words on a traditional phone keypad. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．F 4．G 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。详细描述了移动博客的概念、特点和优势，同时探讨了智能手机对移动博客流行的影响，以及移动博客与传统博客的区别。 1．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“A mobile blog is a type of blog that is written and submitted via a cellular telephone, internet- connected personal digital assistants or other connected portable device in most cases. The advantage of a mobile blog is that it gives the writer a chance to record his or her thoughts immediately.(移动博客是一种通过移动电话、连接互联网的个人数字助理或其他连接的便携式设备撰写和提交的博客。移动博客的好处是，它给了作者一个机会，记录他或她的想法立即)”可知本段讲述了什么是移动博客，以及移动博客的好处，所以D项“There is no need to wait until there is access to a computer.(没有必要等到有机会使用电脑)”是对前文的总结，符合文意。故选D项。 2．根据前文“What makes a mobile blog popular is the fact that many phones now come equipped with digital cameras.(手机博客之所以受欢迎，是因为现在很多手机都配备了数码相机)”以及后文“They can be selected to be displayed on a computer monitor.(它们可以被选择显示在计算机显示器上)”并结合下文“”可知，此处是在讲述相机的作用，所以B项“Most of these cameras can take fairly decent pictures.(这些相机大多数都能拍出相当不错的照片)”符合本段主题，其中cameras为同词复现。故选B项。 3．设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“These phones often have full keyboards laid cut in a fashion similar to a computer keyboard. Actually, judging from the real experience of operating, writing on them can be inconvenient.(这些手机通常有完整的键盘，与电脑键盘类似。实际上，从实际操作经验来看，在上面写字是不方便的)”以及“These smartphones also have the ability of connecting to the internet, as most people using them will choose internet service, which can make filing a mobile blog even easier.(这些智能手机还具有连接互联网的能力，因为大多数使用它们的人都会选择互联网服务，这可以使撰写移动博客变得更加容易)”可知，本段主要讲述了智能手机使撰写移动博客变得更加容易，所以F项“The popularity of smartphones has made the writing of a mobile blog easier.(智能手机的普及使得写移动博客变得更加容易)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选F项。 4．根据前文“Actually, judging from the real experience of operating, writing on them can be inconvenient.(实际上，从实际操作经验来看，在上面写字是不方便的)”以及下文“These smartphones also have the ability of connecting to the internet, as most people using them will choose internet service, which can make filing a mobile blog even easier(这些智能手机也有连接互联网的能力，因为大多数使用它们的人会选择互联网服务，这可以使撰写移动博客变得更加容易)”可知，空格处存在转折关系；G项“However, it is much easier than typing out words on a traditional phone keypad.(然而，它比在传统的电话键盘上打字要容易得多)”和前文构成转折关系，符合文意。故选G项。 5．根据前文“The mobile blog is based on the same principle as the short message service, only expanded a little bit to include longer pieces, and additional media, such as photos. The blogs may be readable on other phones or may be available, in some cases, for review on computers. It should be noted that many mobile phones may not support traditional online blogging software programs.(移动博客基于与短消息服务相同的原则，只是扩展了一点，包括较长的文章和额外的媒体，如照片。这些博客可以在其他手机上阅读，或者在某些情况下，可以在电脑上阅读。值得注意的是，许多手机可能不支持传统的在线博客软件程序)”可知，A项“Therefore, a specialized program may be necessary.(因此，可能需要一个专门的程序)”和前文构成因果关系，是对前文提出的问题的解决方案。故选A项。 （23-24高一下·江苏无锡·期中）If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. 1 Recently, password management service NordPass has carried out a study to determine the 200 most commonly used passwords around the world. They analyzed the data across 50 countries. The findings show password choices are often attached to cultural references. 2 In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice. 3 Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I love you”, while men often use sports-related passwords. In some countries, men use more swear words than women. Choosing long and complex passwords remains the main authentication mechanism (身份验证机制) for computers and network-based products and services. But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. 4 To overcome the security issues linked with password-based authentication systems, researchers and developers are now concentrating on creating authentication systems which don’t depend on passwords at all. 5 For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码). All in all, a secure password is the first line of defense against Internet attacks. Don’t give up security for convenience. A．As a result, they put themselves under potential online security threats. B．The findings show that passwords tell our emotions and our identity. C．Besides, there are other ways to protect your personal information. D．These are among the most popular passwords around the world. E．The report also reflected different preferences between genders. F．People in some countries take inspiration from a football team. G．They need the support of computer experts. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．E 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们使用网络密码的现状并提出了应对措施。 1．上文“If you use “123456”, “password’’ or “qwerty” as a password, you’re probably aware that you’re at the risk of being attacked by hackers (黑客). But you’re not alone. (如果你使用‘23456’、‘password’或‘qwerty’作为密码，你可能已经意识到你有被黑客攻击的风险。但你并不孤单)”说明人们最常使用的密码形式，D项“这些是世界上最流行的密码中的一些。”承接上文，指出上文中提到的密码是非常流行的密码，符合语境，选项中“These”指代上文提及的密码样例。故选D。 2．下文“In the UK, “liverpool” was the third most popular password, with 224,160 hits, while the name of Chilean football club “colocolo” was used by 15,748 people in Chile, making it the fifth most common choice.(在英国，‘利物浦’是第三大热门密码，点击量为224160次，而智利足球俱乐部‘科洛科洛’的名字在智利有15748人使用，是第五大热门密码)”列举了两支著名的球队名称，说明足球相关的词汇也会被设置为密码，空处应讲述有些国家的人的密码设置受到喜欢的球队的影响；F项“一些国家的人们从足球队中获得灵感。”与下文描述一致，符合题意。故选F。 3．空处是本段的主旨句，下文“Women tend to use more positive and affectionate (深情的) words and phrases such as “sunshine” or “I love you”, while men often use sports-related passwords.(女性倾向于使用更积极、更深情的单词和短语，比如‘阳光’或‘我爱你’，而男性则经常使用与体育相关的密码)”说明本段主要讲述男性和女性在设置密码上的差异；E项“报告还反映了不同性别的偏好。”与本段描述内容一致，适合作为段落主旨句。故选E。 4．上文“But we know people continue to choose weak passwords and often don’t manage them securely. (但我们知道，人们继续选择易破的密码，而且通常不会安全地管理它们)”说明人们选择不安全密码，并且通常没有安全管理密码；A项“因此，他们将自己置于潜在的网络安全威胁之下。”介绍使用不安全密码的后果，承接上文，符合题意。故选A。 5．下文“For example, two-factor authentication (2FA) and multi-factor authentication (MFA) methods are good ways to secure your accounts. These methods combine a password with biometric information (for example, a face scan or fingerprint) or something distinguishable, like a captcha (验证码 ).(例如，双因素身份验证（2FA）和多因素身份验证（MFA）方法是保护您的帐户的好方法。这些方法将密码与生物识别信息（例如，面部扫描或指纹）或其他可识别的信息（如验证码)结合起来）”举例说明保护个人信息的方法，C项“此外，还有其他方法可以保护您的个人信息。”介绍有保护个人信息的其他方法，引出下文的例子，符合题意。故选C。 （23-24高一下·江苏宿迁·期中）Social media is a double-edged sword. It can be good or bad, depending on how people use it. Here are several ways to help one use it responsibly. 1 Social media can be a big waste of time if you spend most of your day looking through what other people post, commenting on and liking things, or looking at every message on your device. Instead, you should learn to practice some self-control and limit your usage every day. 2 Afterward, set an amount of time for your social media use, such as 10 minutes every time. Think twice before posting something. Materials posted on social media are often more lasting than you think. And even if your post is deleted, words and images you upload on these platforms can remain online and be difficult to remove. 3 Therefore, before posting something online, consider if it would negatively affect others. If it is, then don’t post it. 4 This can destroy your reputation or others’. Learn to check the truth of things that you see. Some of the things you see on social media might not necessarily be true, especially when it comes to news and information. You may immediately believe what you see and read. The danger of this behavior is that you might be spreading misinformation if you share what you have seen before checking the truth of the post. 5 Check from other sources whether what you have seen and read is true. Ask opinions from other people. A．Follow those that matter to you. B．Don’t let social media eat all your time. C．And you never know where they might end up. D．What’s more, avoid posting unprofessional photos or bad comments. E．Social media can have a powerful impact on a person’s emotional state. F．Just make it a practice to research the accuracy of any information or image. G．For example, try setting specific times per day when you check your social media accounts. 【答案】1．B 2．G 3．C 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。社交媒体是一把双刃剑。它既可以是好事，也可以是坏事，这取决于人们如何使用它。文章主要介绍了一些帮助人们负责任地使用社交媒体的方法。 1．此处是本段小标题，根据下文“Social media can be a big waste of time if you spend most of your day looking through what other people post, commenting on and liking things, or looking at every message on your device. Instead, you should learn to practice some self-control and limit your usage every day.(如果你每天花大部分时间浏览别人发布的内容、评论和点赞，或者查看设备上的每条消息，那么社交媒体可能会浪费你大量的时间。相反，你应该学会自我控制，限制自己每天的使用量)”可知，本段主要介绍不要让社交媒体浪费你所有的时间，B项“不要让社交媒体占用你所有的时间。”符合题意，故选B。 2．上文“Instead, you should learn to practice some self-control and limit your usage every day.(相反，你应该学会自我控制，限制自己每天的使用量)”指出要控制使用社交媒体的时间，空处承接上文，指出具体怎么做，G项“例如，尝试设置每天检查社交媒体帐户的特定时间。”符合题意，给出例子告诉我们该如何控制使用社交媒体的时间，故选G。 3．根据本段小标题“Think twice before posting something.(发布内容前请三思)”可知，本段主要介绍在社交媒体上发布内容前要三思，下文“Materials posted on social media are often more lasting than you think. And even if your post is deleted, words and images you upload on these platforms can remain online and be difficult to remove.(社交媒体上发布的材料往往比你想象的更持久。即使你的帖子被删除，你在这些平台上上传的文字和图片仍会保留在网上，很难删除)”解释了原因，空处也应承接上文，指出在社交媒体上发布内容前要三思的原因，C项“你永远不知道它们最终会去往何方。”符合题意，they代指上文提到的Materials posted on social media，故选C。 4．上文“Therefore, before posting something online, consider if it would negatively affect others. If it is, then don’t post it.(因此，在网上发布内容之前，请考虑它是否会对他人产生负面影响。如果是，那么就不要发布)”指出在发布内容前要深思熟虑，即考虑是否对他人产生负面影响，空处承接上文，也应指出该如何做，D项“此外，避免发布不专业的照片或负面评论”符合题意，故选D。 5．上文“Some of the things you see on social media might not necessarily be true, especially when it comes to news and information. You may immediately believe what you see and read. The danger of this behavior is that you might be spreading misinformation if you share what you have seen before checking the truth of the post.(你在社交媒体上看到的一些事情不一定是真的，尤其是新闻和信息。你可能会立即相信你所看到和读到的内容。这种行为的危险在于，如果你在核实帖子的真实性之前就分享你所看到的内容，你可能会传播错误的信息)”指出在社交媒体上看到的一些事情不一定是真的并指出了其危害，所以我们要核实信息的准确性，F项“养成研究任何信息或图像的准确性的习惯。”符合题意，故选F。 （23-24高一下·广东河源·开学考试）We live in a world where we are usually exposed to (接触) news on social media that can be scary, upsetting, or confusing. 1 However, as Mr. Rogers, the beloved host of a children’s show, once said, “When I was a boy and I would see scary things in the news, my mother would say to me, ‘Look for the helpers. You will always find people who are helpful.’ ” One of the places where we can look for “the helpers” is on social media platforms. 2 For example, Ryan Kaji is a 9-year-old boy who runs the channel Ryan’s World. He makes videos about science experiments and games that are fun and educational for kids. He also donates to charities and causes that he cares about. 3 One problem is finding reliable (可靠) and exact sources of information. Not all content on social media platforms is trustworthy. Some content creators may just want to make money from ads. Therefore, it is important to judge the reliability of the sources before we trust their content. Another challenge is keeping a healthy balance between online and offline activities. Spending too much time online can do harm to our physical health, such as causing headaches or sleep problems. Therefore, it is important to limit our screen time by doing other activities. 4 Looking for helpers on social media can be a valuable way to find hope and comfort in difficulty. 5 Then we will form our own opinions. We can also be helpers ourselves by sharing helpful content on social media that can make a difference in the world. A．We’d better find some topics to talk about with the helper. B．Exercising, reading, and learning art are all good choices. C．Phones and computers have made information easier to gain. D．They offer a lot of content that can educate or support young viewers. E．It enables us to see things from different viewpoints and learn new things. F．However, looking for helpers on social media also comes with some challenges. G．Sometimes, it can be hard to deal with the negative thoughts that these events cause. 【答案】1．G 2．D 3．F 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了社交媒体上的负面新闻会引起消极的想法，有时很难处理这些消极的想法，可以在社交媒体平台上寻找“帮手”，文章讲述了这种做法的挑战及好处。 1．上文“We live in a world where we are usually exposed to (接触) news on social media that can be scary, upsetting, or confusing.(我们生活在这样一个世界里，我们经常在社交媒体上看到可怕的、令人不安的或令人困惑的新闻)”提到，样一个世界里，我们经常在社交媒体上看到可怕的、令人不安的或令人困惑的新闻，根据下文“However, as Mr. Rogers, the beloved host of a children’s show, once said, “When I was a boy and I would see scary things in the news, my mother would say to me, ‘Look for the helpers. You will always find people who are helpful.’ ”(然而，正如深受喜爱的儿童节目主持人Rogers先生曾经说过的那样，“当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常在新闻中看到可怕的事情，我妈妈会对我说，‘去找帮手吧。你总能找到乐于助人的人。’”)”可知，空处与下文是转折关系，应是提到对于负面新闻导致的情绪无法独自处理的情况，G项“有时候，处理这些事件引起的消极想法是很困难的”符合语境，故选G。 2．上文“One of the places where we can look for “the helpers” is on social media platforms.(我们可以在社交媒体平台上寻找‘帮手’)”提到我们可以在社交媒体平台上寻找“帮手”，D项“它们提供了很多可以教育或支持年轻观众的内容”承接上文，说明社交平台可以提供一些帮助，D项中的“They”指代上文的“social media platforms”，故选D。 3．根据下文“One problem is finding reliable (可靠) and exact sources of information. Not all content on social media platforms is trustworthy.(一个问题是找到可靠的和准确的信息来源。并非社交媒体平台上的所有内容都值得信赖)”可知，此处描述社交媒体平台的问题，与上一段之间是转折关系，F项“然而，在社交媒体上寻找帮手也面临着一些挑战”符合语境，故选F。 4．上文“Spending too much time online can do harm to our physical health, such as causing headaches or sleep problems. Therefore, it is important to limit our screen time by doing other activities.(花太多时间上网会损害我们的身体健康，比如引起头痛或睡眠问题。因此，通过做其他活动来限制看屏幕的时间是很重要的)”提到花太多时间上网会损害我们的身体健康，可以做一些其他活动代替，B项“锻炼、阅读和学习艺术都是不错的选择”承接上文，举例说明一些具体的活动，故选B。 5．根据上文“Looking for helpers on social media can be a valuable way to find hope and comfort in difficulty.(在社交媒体上寻找帮手是在困难中找到希望和安慰的宝贵途径)”和下文“Then we will form our own opinions.(然后我们会形成我们自己的观点)”可知，此处是说明在社交媒体寻找帮手的好处，E项“它使我们能够从不同的角度看待事物并学习新事物”能够承上启下，符合语境，故选E。 （23-24高一下·浙江·期中）As the world struggles to deal with the climate crisis, some companies are working to remove polluting carbon dioxide from the air. 1 But two US companies have recently made important progress. Scientists say large amounts of CO2 must be removed from the CO2 atmosphere and stored. 2 But there’s so much CO2 in the atmosphere that just planting trees and protecting forests won’t solve the problem. And, when plants and trees die, the carbon they’ve stored gets released again. That means humans need to come up with ways of removing carbon from the air and storing it. This is called Direct Air Capture(DAC). The science of removing carbon from the air is challenging, and it’s still pretty new. 3 So one puzzle for these companies is how to remove carbon without creating more pollution. A company called Heirloom has just opened the first DAC plant in the United States. The company heats up the limestone to separate out the CO2, which is concrete. The process is extremely expensive. 4 That’s a tiny amount compared to how much carbon needs to be removed from the atmosphere, but the company says it hopes to remove a billion tons per year by 2035. 5 Some people worry that it will take too long for DAC technology to become powerful enough to make a difference. Others worry that focusing on removing carbon could take attention away from more important climate actions, like switching from fossil fuels to renewable energy. But experts say the decision isn’t to do one or the other. The world needs to end fossil fuel use and pull carbon out of the air. A．Plants and trees do this naturally. B．That’s a huge and challenging goal. C．Not everyone is excited about carbon removal. D．Graphyte is another US company working on DAC． E．The new plant can remove 1,000 tons of CO2 a year. F．Most DAC processes require a large amount of energy. G．As a matter of fact, CO2 is just a small part of the gases that make up air. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要围绕“从空气中去除二氧化碳”这一主题展开，介绍了科学家们对于从大气中去除并储存大量二氧化碳的观点、目前面临的挑战、以及两家美国公司在这一领域取得的进展。同时，也提到了人们对于直接空气捕获（DAC）技术的不同看法和担忧。 1．根据空前“As the world struggles to deal with the climate crisis, some companies are working to remove polluting carbon dioxide from the air.(在全球努力应对气候危机之际，一些公司正在努力消除空气中的污染二氧化碳。)”可知，很多公司都在努力消除空气中的污染二氧化碳。选项B“That’s a huge and challenging goal.(这是一个巨大而具有挑战性的目标。)”自然延续上文内容，指出消除空气中的污染二氧化碳是一个巨大而具有挑战性的目标；同时引出空后内容“But two US companies have recently made important progress.(但两家美国公司最近取得了重要进展。)”。选项B与上下文内容相符，有承上启下的作用。故选B。 2．根据下文内容“But there’s so much CO2 in the atmosphere that just planting trees and protecting forests won’t solve the problem. And, when plants and trees die, the carbon they’ve stored gets released again.(但是大气中有太多的二氧化碳，仅仅植树和保护森林并不能解决这个问题。而且，当植物和树木死亡时，它们储存的碳会再次释放出来。)”可推测，空处和植物从二氧化碳大气中去除大量的二氧化碳并将其储存起来相关。选项A“Plants and trees do this naturally.(植物和树木自然会这样做。)”中的“this”指的是空前“Scientists say large amounts of CO2 must be removed from the CO2 atmosphere and stored.(科学家表示，必须从二氧化碳大气中去除大量的二氧化碳并将其储存起来。)”中的“large amounts of CO2 must be removed from the CO2 atmosphere and stored”，同时和下文保持一致。故选A。 3．根据空前的“That means humans need to come up with ways of removing carbon from the air and storing it. This is called Direct Air Capture(DAC). The science of removing carbon from the air is challenging, and it’s still pretty new.(这意味着人类需要想出从空气中去除碳并储存碳的方法。这被称为直接空气捕获(DAC)。从空气中去除碳的科学是具有挑战性的，而且它仍然很新。)”可知，空前提到了DAC。选项F“Most DAC processes require a large amount of energy.(大多数DAC过程需要大量的能量。)”是上文内容的自然延续，指出DAC过程需要大量的能量，从而自然引出下文“So one puzzle for these companies is how to remove carbon without creating more pollution.(因此，这些公司面临的一个难题是如何在不造成更多污染的情况下去除碳。)”。故选F。 4．根据空前的“A company called Heirloom has just opened the first DAC plant in the United States. The company heats up the limestone to separate out the CO2, which is concrete. The process is extremely expensive.(一家名为Heirloom的公司刚刚在美国开设了第一家DAC工厂。该公司加热石灰石，分离出二氧化碳，也就是混凝土。这个过程非常昂贵。)”可知，一家名为Heirloom的公司刚刚开设了第一家DAC工厂。选项E“The new plant can remove 1,000 tons of CO2 a year.(新工厂每年可以去除1000吨二氧化碳。)”自然延续上文内容，指的是新工厂每年可以去除1000吨二氧化碳。同时与空后“That’s a tiny amount compared to how much carbon needs to be removed from the atmosphere, but the company says it hopes to remove a billion tons per year by 2035.(与需要从大气中去除的碳量相比，这是微不足道的，但该公司表示，希望到2035年每年能去除10亿吨碳。)”相一致。故选E。 5．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“Some people worry that it will take too long for DAC technology to become powerful enough to make a difference. Others worry that focusing on removing carbon could take attention away from more important climate actions, like switching from fossil fuels to renewable energy. But experts say the decision isn’t to do one or the other. The world needs to end fossil fuel use and pull carbon out of the air.(有些人担心DAC技术需要很长时间才能变得强大到足以发挥作用。另一些人则担心，专注于消除碳排放可能会分散人们对更重要的气候行动的注意力，比如从化石燃料转向可再生能源。但专家表示，这个决定并不是选择其中之一。世界需要停止使用化石燃料，减少空气中的碳。)”可知，本段主要讲述的是人们对DAC技术的担忧。选项C“Not everyone is excited about carbon removal.(不是每个人都对除碳感到兴奋。)”是上文内容的总结，指的是不是每个人都对除碳感到兴奋，有不少人对该技术表示担忧。故选C。 （23-24高一下·安徽合肥·期中）The online mapping is a way to use maps available online to provide a number of functions that traditional maps have provided for years. 1 Meanwhile, there are other types of maps available as well, such as nautical maps (航海地图). One advantage of the online mapping is the ability to custom-make a map for an individual based on particular needs. 2 Thus, the map is much more than a graph of roads; it is a custom-made printing specifically based on a desired route. In addition, the online mapping also usually includes text directions that can help provide yet another affirmation (确认) of the route. These text directions are often displayed in conjunction with any map that is shown and is printable. 3 Traditional maps may only be updated once a year just before they are published. 4 It can be updated in real time. A map can indeed be update d on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis, but it does not necessarily mean that it will be. Even the most thorough mapping services may not be able to keep up with all the construction projects and changes on any given day. 5 . Some maps may only show the route the driver should take, without other streets being listed. Also, there is no way for an online mapping service to inform travelers if they do wander off the route prescribed. A．It depends on how often they are updated. B．However, the online mapping has no such limitations. C．There are some disadvantages of using the online mapping. D．The most common application is probably the road mapping. E．Some of them fail to provide accurate maps and directions. F．This can help a traveler remove all unnecessary information. G．So it’s convenient for those who need to take their maps with them. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．G 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在线地图的优势，包括能够根据个人需求定制地图、提供文字导航等功能，并指出在线地图能够实时更新以反映最新的路况和建筑项目变化。然而，作者也提到在线地图的一些限制，比如只显示推荐的路线而不包括其他街道。 1．根据下文“Meanwhile, there are other types of maps available as well, such as nautical maps (航海地图).(同时，也有其他类型的地图可供选择，比如航海地图)”中there are other types of maps可知，下文补充了有其它类型的地图，说明上文会提到一些地图类型，D项“The most common application is probably the road mapping.(最常见的应用程序可能是道路绘图)”中提到道路地图，符合语境。故选D项。 2．上文“One advantage of the online mapping is the ability to custom-make a map for an individual based on particular needs.(在线地图的一个优点是能够根据个人的特殊需要定制地图)”提出在线地图可以根据个人的需要定制，F项“This can help a traveler remove all unnecessary information.(这可以帮助旅行者删除所有不必要的信息)”承接上文，说明定制地图可以帮助旅行者删除不必要的信息，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。 3．上文“These text directions are often displayed in conjunction with any map that is shown and is printable. (这些文字指示通常与任何可打印的地图一起显示)”提出地图可以打印，G项“So it’s convenient for those who need to take their maps with them.(因此，对于那些需要随身携带地图的人来说，这很方便)”承接上文，说明这样带来的便利，与上文构成因果关系，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。 4．上文“Traditional maps may only be updated once a year just before they are published.(传统的地图可能每年只在出版之前更新一次)”指出传统地图的劣势，B项“However, the online mapping has no such limitations.(然而，在线地图没有这样的限制)”与上文构成转折关系，说明在线地图没有这样的问题。同时，下文“It can be updated in real time.(它可以实时更新)”作出进一步说明，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。 5．下文“Some maps may only show the route the driver should take, without other streets being listed. Also, there is no way for an online mapping service to inform travelers if they do wander off the route prescribed.(有些地图可能只显示司机应该走的路线，而没有列出其他街道。此外，如果旅行者偏离了规定的路线，在线地图服务也无法通知他们)”列举了在线地图的缺点，是对C项“There are some disadvantages of using the online mapping.(使用在线地图有一些缺点)”的解释说明。故选C项。 （23-24高一下·山东泰安·期中）As we know, the Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. It makes communication much more convenient. 1 Nowadays, your friends are just a click away. Whenever someone needs help, friends from all over the world can immediately provide useful suggestions or information. Online communication can actually bring people closer to each other. In spite of this, some people believe that the Internet has many negative aspects. 2 Images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug. According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. Important social skills are developed through direct contact. It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships. The Internet can make people self-centred. 3 For example, instead of having proper conversations with friends, some people are only concerned with their online popularity — How many “likes” did I get? How many followers do I have? — though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewarding friendships. 4 Posts about funny cat images do not necessarily help form meaningful relationship. Online relationships may not be what they appear to be. Friendships are built on the basis of trust. With online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. 5 In my opinion, friends should focus more on face-to-face communication, and less on online communication. This is the best way to maintain healthy relationships. A．The Internet has completely changed people’s lives. B．They never think of anyone or anything but themselves. C．Talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact. D．You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are. E．It’s impolite to post embarrassing information of other people. F．In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is of little value. G．Going online can be dangerous if you are easily influenced or too trusting. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．F 5．G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍互联网的一些负面影响。 1．由上文“As we know, the Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. It makes communication much more convenient.(正如我们所知，互联网可以在很多方面帮助发展友谊。它使交流更加方便。)”可知，这里主要讲互联网让交流更加方便，而D项You can stay in touch with friends no matter where you are.(无论身在何处，你都可以与朋友保持联系。)符合语境，表明互联网可以让你无论那里都可以保持交流，与上文much more convenient对应，有承上作用。故选D项。 2．由下文“Images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug. According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. Important social skills are developed through direct contact. It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships.(照片真的无法取代现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。育儿专家Denise Daniels表示，通过屏幕交流会让孩子更难集中注意力或对他人表现出善意。重要的社交技能是通过直接接触发展起来的。正是这些技能使我们能够发展终身友谊。)”可知，这里主要讲网络交流相对于面对面交流的一些弊端，所以C项Talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact.(在线交谈无法取代面对面的接触。)符合语境，对下文有总括作用，其中face-to-face contact与下文direct contact对应。故选C项。 3．由上文“The Internet can make people self-centred. (互联网可以使人们以自我为中心。)”以及下文举例可知，本段主要讲互联网使人以自我为中心，而B项They never think of anyone or anything but themselves.(除了他们自己，他们从不为任何人或任何事着想。)符合语境，其中They代指上文people，never think of anyone or anything but themselves也与上文self-centred对应。故选B项。 4．由下文“Posts about funny cat images do not necessarily help form meaningful relationship.(关于有趣的猫图片的帖子并不一定有助于建立有意义的关系。)”可知，这里主要讲网上发表的内容不一定有助于建立有意义的关系，而F项In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is of little value.(此外，社交媒体上发布的许多内容都没有什么价值。)符合语境，其中of little value与下文not necessarily help form meaningful relationship对应，有启下作用。故选F项。 5．由上文“Online relationships may not be what they appear to be. Friendships are built on the basis of trust. With online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are. (网络关系可能并不像表面上看起来的那样。友谊建立在信任的基础上。通过在线交流，你永远无法100%确定与你聊天的人是否诚实。)”可知，这里主要讲网上交友不一定可信，而G项Going online can be dangerous if you are easily influenced or too trusting.(如果你很容易受到影响或过于信任，上网可能会很危险。)符合语境，其中 dangerous与上文you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are对应，所以有承上作用。故选G项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$