寒假作业06 选择必修一、二阅读理解+高考必考题型-【寒假分层作业】2025年高二英语寒假培优练（译林版2020）

阅读理解 阅读理解的四种题型 1.细节理解题 文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节理解对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。细节题在高考阅读理解中出现频率很高。高考英语阅读理解题的细节题考点可能源自于段内的单句信息理解，也可以来自段落内或段落间综合信息理解。考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、方式等，议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。 细节理解题的共同特点是答案一般都能在文章中找到，当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，命题人往往需要根据文章提供的信息重新组织语句供考生做出选择。如何解题？ 技巧点拨 (1)简单细节判断：首先，题干定位关键词—扫描题干，根据关键词明确答题方向，如数字、时间、原因、事件、目的、方式、现象、特征等；然后，查找原文找对应，用略读与查读技巧定位与关键词相关的原文信息；最后，比较选项与原文的对应信息，直接锁定正确答案。 (2)综合细节判断(需要对原文多处相关信息进行转换或整合)：首先，读题干，明确关键词和答题方向；然后，定位与题干关键词相关的近义词、反义词或解释性信息；最后，利用正确选项特点(近义词替换原文信息、变换原文语态、词性或词形、简化或概括原文、正话反说等)，确定答案。 2.推理判断题 推理判断属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层含义及隐含意义。高考对于推理判断的考查要求考生根据文章所提供的事实及自己的一些常识进行合理的推断，判断作者的意图、人物的动机及性格特征和事件发生的前因后果等。解答该类型题目时要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面含义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外音”。 技巧点拨 (1)推断隐含意义，题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude等标志性词语，根据题干内容，在文中找到定位词或句，理解信息句的字面意思，结合已有常识，进行符合情理的推断。 (2) 推断作者的观点和态度，要注意作者或文中人物的措辞及表达情感、态度或观点的词语、句子，明确是问谁对什么事的态度，明确是作者或文中人物的观点而非主观臆断。 (3)推断写作意图，要通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。 (4)推断文章出处或读者对象，需要根据文章体裁、题材、内容、措辞判断，这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处。 3.主旨大意题 主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在快速中准确把握主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。这类题目考查的范围是基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，语言一般简洁、凝练，其干扰项的设置往往比较有迷惑性，属于高层次的阅读理解题。 技巧点拨 标题是段落中心思想最精炼的表达形式。文章标题可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能涵盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。 主旨大意题，要搞清楚是问某一段还是全文的大意，可利用文中主要信息来把握文脉，进行综合归纳。如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。另外，任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。 4.词句猜测题 正确理解文中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础，不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章。但英语单词、短语的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同语境会有所不同。能根据上下文理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。在高考阅读理解中，词义猜测题通常有以下三种情况：推测划线单词或短语的含义；推测划线代词指代含义；推测划线句子的含义。 1. 技巧点拨 对于推测划线单词或短语的含义，可以依据定义、同位语、文章中的例子、对比关系或比较关系、构词法、并列结构、因果关系等来解题； 对于推测代词含义，可以从宏观上充分把握代词指代内容涉及段落的整体含义，并从微观入手抓住关键词或关键句，弄清逻辑关系(因果关系，转折关系，补充说明，对比关系等)来解题； 关于推测划线句含义，采用三步法—一定位，返回原文，定位划线句子，理清句子结构；二分析，分析划线句子前后语境，根据关键信息和逻辑关系(因果关系，转折关系，补充说明，对比关系等)合理推断句意；三比较，比较选项，找出与推断出的句义相似的选项。 细节理解题 (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏扬州·期中)Flowers, ocean waves, animals, totem(图腾): Sitting in his northeast Beijing studio, Cai Honghao hammers on a piece of cow leather, bringing to life a new design. Cai, 41, is one of China’s few leather crafters. He began crafting leather six years ago when he was the creative director of an advertising company. Fed up with the stress of his job, Cai declined to renew his contract last year. He is now devoted to leather crafting. “It’s great fun as I try new designs and make it more challenging.” Each work undergoes many stages, from drawing pictures on paper to coloring the crafted leather. He does it all himself, but sometimes his wife helps. The back of the leather should be pasted on paper to prevent changing the shape, and then covered with tape to seal it during coloring. Cai also sprays water on the surface to make the leather easier to work. His 70-square-meter studio is filled with leather and tools. Pens are used to carve the outline of the pattern, while different machines create the shallow holes on the leather. The patterns become vivid under Cai’s hammers and shaping tools. For a bag or belt, he also sews pieces of leather together, and a work can take a week to several months, with the prices up to tens of thousands of yuan. “It is an extremely complicated and time-consuming process,” he says. His shoulders can ache after bending over his worktop day and night. “But I enjoy it, and my family are keen on my art. Otherwise, they would not let me do this fulltime.” Cai hopes to realize the beauty of ancient Chinese paintings that are full of Chinese flavor. “Now my dream is realized,” he says. His next project is an exhibition of his work. 1. Why did Cai Honghao leave his job last year? A. He was forced by his contract. B. He was fond of advertising. C. He was tired of the pressure. D. He was blamed by the director. 2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A. The effectiveness of Cai’s skills. B. The efficiency of Cai’s machines. C. The complexity of leather crafting. D. The diversity of rare leather works. 3. What can best describe his commitment to the shoulder-aching job? A. Do not put off until tomorrow what you love to do at this moment. B. Do what you love, and you’ll never have to work a day in your life. C. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. D. If you don’t like something, change it. If you can’t, change your attitude. 4. What is his family members’ attitude? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. D. Unclear. 推理判断题 (2024-2025学年高二上·云南昆明·期中)Paul Durietz is a 76-year-old social studies teacher from Illinois. On September 1, 2023, he set a Guinness World Record for the world’s longest teaching career. Paul has known since he was young that he wanted to be a social studies teacher. Social studies is the study of history, and how people, countries, and cultures are connected. He became interested in history after hearing stories from his father. On his mother’s side of the family, he had connections to a famous person from English history, which aroused his interest in studying the Middle Ages. At the age of 11, after many conversations with his father, Paul was certain social studies would be his field of study. Paul began teaching at Woodland Middle School in Gurnee, Illinois in 1970. Ever since then, he’s been teaching social studies at the same school. Things have changed a lot-since he began all those years ago. When he started, Richard Nixon was President of the United States, and the. Beatles were still together. This rock band was formed in Liverpool, England in 1960. At that time, the only way to make copies was with a “ditto machine (复印机)”, which used a purple ink. There’re many activities in his teaching to help his students learn. For example, he has organized virtual field trips geography contests and special days about the US Civil War. He has even organized mock elections in school to help his students learn about politics. For much of his 53 years as a teacher, Paull has been in charge of the social studies program at Woodland. He’s helped to guide over 20 other social studies teachers at the school. “We should be full of freshness in things and stick to learning continuously,” says Paul, who is extremely proud that some of his students have become history teachers of him. Paul has no plans to retire any time soon. “Keep working on what you love to do in life,” he says. 1. What played an important role in Paul’s career planning? A. His father’s influence. B. His mother’s encouragement. C. His view of teaching history. D. His understanding of social studies. 2. Why did the author mention the Beatles? A. To prove Paul once taught music. B. To show Paul likes music as well. C. To say Paul contributes a lot to music. D. To stress Paul’s long teaching career. 3. Which best describes Paul’s teaching style? A. Dull. B. Academic. C. Creative. D. Demanding. 4. What can we learn from Paul’s story? A. It is never too late to teach. B. Education is the key to success. C. Positive thinking results in victory. D. Curious minds don’t feel satisfied. 主旨大意题 (2024-2025学年高二上·辽宁·阶段练习)While AI can beat us at chess, drive cars, and even compose music, making us laugh seems to be its final frontier(边界). My musical comedy, Artificially Intelligent, was inspired by the time I asked AI to write me a show based on my life, and it gave me some madly terrible results. I performed some of its materials in the show, and I even made AI write a song for an audience member live on the spot, and it was always funny in its terribleness. It generated songs telling the audience member who is a doctor to hit the eyes of her co-worker who she is always arguing with. However, this wasn’t independent thinking; we had to feed AI as much information as possible to get any results from it. When it comes to actually getting AI to craft jokes on its own, it can’t. The problem with AI and comedy is its lack of human nuance (细微差别) for humor. AI might be able to create a joke structure, but it does not have the ability to pull from personal experience. It lacks a point of view, situational awareness, context, and cultural awareness needed for good comedy. Irony (讽刺), a complex form of human communication, is hard for AI because of its reliance on context, tone, and cultural knowledge. Unlike humans, AI can’t infer meaning beyond clear statements. Irony involves saying one thing but meaning another, relying on shared context, but AI only processes text and can’t pick up audio and visual cues for irony. AI must signal it’s making a joke. As of now, though AI has made impressive progress in some areas, it is absolutely not funny, but in the future theoretically yes. When technology advances to the point where robots are walking around with free will and independent thinking, experiencing life and potentially even emotions, they would theoretically begin to have enough viewpoints to create comedy, or an activity that voices their experience of being an AI. However, this would create its own culture and would only be relatable to other AIs. The truth is that audiences are really enjoying the AI-generated material in my show, even if the joke is bad. But — technically — does that make it funny? 1. Why does the author mention the comedy Artificially Intelligent? A. To introduce a successful AI comedy. B. To confirm the application of AI in music. C. To illustrate AI’s limitation in making jokes. D. To recommend the musical comedy to readers. 2. What does the author try to explain in paragraph 3? A. What AI jokes are made up of. B. Why AI fails to create a good joke actually. C. How AI understands the meaning of irony. D. Whether AI can learn from funny experiences. 3. What does the author think of AI in the future? A. It will relate its culture to humans. B. It will teach itself the theory of comedy. C. It will be free to express others’ feelings. D. It will develop its own culture of humor. 4. What’s the best title for the text? A. Will AI ever be funny? B. Is AI going to learn to laugh? C. Is AI the future of entertainment? D. Will AI be the pioneer in new fields? 词句猜测题 (2024-2025学年高二上·广东·期中)A teacher teaches stay-at-home mothers how to make cakes at a vocational school in Changle district, Fuzhou, capital of southeast China’s Fujian Province. Jobs tailored for mothers who are still of working age and have children aged 12 and below are helping them overcome re-employment difficulties to some extent and strike a balance between work and model that has been widely care of their kids. This is an employment model that has been widely popular with stay-at-home mothers across China. Pi Rongjie, whose child is 4 years old, works for an LED factory near her child’s kindergarten in Jing’ an county, Yichun city, east China’s Jiangxi Province. Unlike her colleagues on the company’s other production lines, mothers working under this model including Pi can clock in half an hour later and finish a day between 5p. m. and 6 p. m. In addition to providing flexible working hours, some regions are optimizing (优化) the working environment and model to better help young mothers through measures such as allowing them to take their children to the workplace and setting up community-based workshops for them. Moreover, organizations such as women’s federations should keep close contact with mothers working under this model, safeguard their legitimate (合法的) rights and interests, listen to the views of employers, and improve mechanisms for labor dispute mediation (调解) to ensure the healthy development of this flexible employment model. Meanwhile, the development of some new business models in China such as livestreaming e-commerce has brought more options for mothers seeking flexible employment. For example, positions for mothers including operational staff, live streamers, and customer service staff allow them to work from home. 1. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1? A. To stress the importance of teachers. B. To state the process of the teaching. C. To introduce the topic of the text. D. To give an example of the job model. 2. What does the underlined words “clock in” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. working overtime. B. setting the clock. C. checking in. D. getting to work. 3. What is stressed in paragraph 4? A. Opinions shared by some regions and organizations. B. Working environment some places are optimizing. C. Requirements made by the employees. D. Measures taken to promote the working condition. 4. What might the author continue talking about? A. Other examples of flexible jobs for mothers. B. Jobs tailored for mothers popular in China. C. Different comments made on livestreaming. D. The achievements made by the e-commerce. 单元话题1 康饮食-食物文化 (2024-2025学年高二上·福建福州·阶段练习)Picture the scene: You’re in a not-particularly-fancy Italian restaurant and the people next to you get up from their table and walk out, leaving behind a few perfectly good slices of pizza. Obviously, it’s unusual to grab a slice. But should it be? Responses to the question vary. Most people consider it socially inappropriate, believing that it has severe negative consequences for one’s social reputation. Some even strongly suggest abandoning the idea immediately. I don’t find it unpleasant but it’s a pretty unusual thing to do. However, social convention must adapt to the times, so I think it’ s time to turn this outdated rule on its hungry head. Firstly, and most obviously: waste. Food waste is a huge problem in the UK, with almost ten million tonnes of food wasted from UK households, restaurants and food factories in 2018, according to research by food waste charity WRAP. Why not help out in the seemingly smallest of ways? Or at least don’t criticize those who are making efforts to address the problem. Apps like Too Good To Go are great for redistributing surplus (过剩的) food, but every little bit helps, as someone once said. We’re now in a cost of living crisis. There may be concern for the safety of leftovers due to germs. Actually, there is no need to. Do you think chefs wash their hands after any contact with their face or nose? And they’re breathing over your food the whole time. Anyway, germs are good for your immune system. Often, people tend to take their own leftovers home from a restaurant, and now look how far we’ve come. Taking other people’s leftovers is the next trend. No matter whose, let’s make taking leftovers as common as possible. Let’s just full-steam ahead till to take or not to take is never in question. We live in a world where it’s impressive for people to say they only buy secondhand for eco reasons. Why can’t we also live in one where taking leftovers, particularly those that belong to others, no longer draws any surprise? 1. What is the public’s attitude toward grabbing others’ leftover pizza? A. Supportive. B. Tolerant. C. Unfavorable. D. Uncaring. 2. What can we do with Too Good To Go? A. Purchase rare food. B. Donate extra money. C. Learn cooking skills. D. Rescue unwanted food. 3. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 5? A. Illustrate leftovers have no harm to health. B. Explain food in restaurants-contains germs. C. Show chefs are often in favor of being clean. D. Prove germs are good for our immune system. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A big call — eating strangers’ leftovers B. A real challenge-redistributing food C. A serious phenomenon-food waste D. A new trend-recycling leftovers 单元话题2 音乐舞蹈 (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏常州·期中)Ballet originated in the Italian Renaissance (文艺复兴) courts of the 15th century. In important celebrations, dancing masters taught the steps to the well-behaved noblemen and women In the end, all people could participate in dancing. The early ballet intended to bring the nobility together to smooth out political differences and disagreements. In the l6th century, Catherine de Medici — an Italian noblewoman, wife of King Henry Il of France and a great supporter of the art — began to fund ballet in the French court. A century later King Louis XIV helped to popularize the art form by coming up with basic rules and ways of practicing ballet, His goal was to agree on techniques, styles and methods so artists everywhere would approach it the same way. This unifying of the key ideas and steps was meant to take ballet to a higher level as a serious profession. By 1661, a dance academy had opened in Paris, and in 1681 ballet moved from the courts to the stage. The French opera Le Triomphe de l’Amour combined ballet elements, creating a long-standing opera-ballet tradition in France. By the mid-1700s French ballet master Jean Georges Noverre believed that ballet could stand on its own as an art form. His notion — that ballet should contain dramatic movements that should reveal the relationships between characters — introduced the ballet d’action, a dramatic style of ballet that clearly communicates emotion and plots. The popularity of ballet grew quickly in Russia, and, during the latter half of the 19th century Russian choreographers(编舞) and composers took it to new heights. Marius Petipa’s The Nutcracker, The Sleeping Beauty and Swan Lake, by Petipa and Lev Ivanov, represent classical ballet in its grandest form. The Russian system for training ballet dancers, known as the Vaganova method, is famous for helping dancers achieve the highest technical standards. In addition, ballet became closely tied to Russian cultural identity over centuries. It survives as a source of national pride in Russia’s cultural heritage. So a large number of great dancers, choreographers and composers are from Russia. 1. What was the purpose of the early ballet? A. To entertain the nobility. B. To celebrate important events. C. To make young people behave well. D. To achieve unity among the upper class 2. Which of the following set basic standards for ballet? A. Catherine de Medici. B. King Louis XIV. C. King Henry Il of France. D. The dance academy in Paris 3. What was Jean Georges Noverre’s notion? A. Ballet should be more formal. B. Ballet should be more traditional. C. Ballet should be more expressive D. Ballet should be more complicated 4. What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph? A. Great works of ballet in Russia. B. The early development of ballet in Russia C. Reasons why ballet developed fast in Russia D. Differences between ballet in Russia and other countries. 单元话题3 美术与摄影 (2024-2025学年高二上·湖南长沙·期中)Ian Happ is a professional baseball player for a baseball team in the United States. When he first started playing with the team in 2017, he was looking for pictures to hang in his home. An idea and an unlikely partnership with a British artist came from that simple desire. Happ wanted to show Wrigley Field(瑞格利球场), the team’s ballpark, from a different artistic vision. He said that many baseball fans had been to Wrigley Field but had never seen what the ballpark looked like, from the field. He thought looking up from the field was such a cool experience that he intended to bring that to more fans. So, from his point of view, he let the British artist Patrick Vale create three large drawings of Wrigley Field. Instead of having pictures hung in his home, the partnership led to something quite different. Happ’s views of Wrigley Field became the project, Through My Eyes, in which fans could purchase prints. The money made in this way went toward those people in need. The drawings by Vale became See What I See, an exhibition at a Chicago’s gallery. The show lasted a period of time. Happ ever brought Vale to Chicago in September of 2018 and showed him around Wrigley Field. Vale knew little about the sport of baseball. But he understood the connection fans had with Wrigley Field. Happ had to explain to Vale the importance of the 400-foot sign in the center field and the famous manual scoreboard. He had to teach him the correct positioning of the players. He also explained what it felt like standing in the field under the bright lights with a loud crowd. Vale took pictures and used them to help him create drawings in great detail. He was very modest and would send rough drawings to Happ, who would mark them up in red ink, like a teacher, with suggestions. It was in this way that their cooperation was so successful. 1. What did Happ ask Vale to do? A. Join the baseball team. B. Find a different baseball field. C. Draw pictures of his home. D. Create three pictures according to his own perspectives. 2. What is the main purpose of Through My Eyes? A. To hold an exhibition. B. To do charity to help people in need. C. To attract baseball fans. D. To promote the printing trade. 3. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. What Vale explained to Happ. B. How Vale corrected Happ’s mistakes. C. What Happ and Vale felt about the field. D. How Happ introduced Vale about Wrigley field. 4. Which word can best describe Vale? A. modest. B. Humorous. C. Casual. D. Conventional. 单元话题4 诗歌 (2024-2025学年高二上·河南焦作·期中)Imagine you’re walking through a forest, and the path turns into two different routes. How do you pick which route to walk, and how do you feel about the one you don’t choose? These are key themes in Robert Frost’s famous 1915 poem, The Road Not Taken. Frost was born in San Francisco in 1874, and is remembered as one of the greatest American poets. His poems explore things like morality and self-discovery, as well as nature and rural life. However, The Road Not Taken was actually written as a joke about another poet, Edward Thomas. Frost lived for a period in England, where he became friends with Thomas. The two would take long walks in the countryside together, and Thomas often had trouble choosing which way to go. When Frost read the poem to a group of college students, they took it seriously, unaware of its playful origins. Of course, Frost did say to them, “I’m never more serious than when joking.” The poet’s choices can act as an extended metaphor(隐喻) for the choices we all have to make in life. In the poem, the poet talks about regretting that they can’t take both paths - just as choosing one path in life often means other options become impossible. In the end, the poet chooses the road that looks “less traveled by”, which many readers take as making the poem contain more about individualism too - doing things your own way, not as everyone else does. The poem became more serious thanks to World War I. Frost left England to avoid the war, but Thomas couldn’t decide whether to stay and fight or to follow Frost to America. In 1915, Frost sent the poem to Thomas. And while it wasn’t the only reason Thomas finally decided to fight in the war, he felt it was making fun of his indecision. 1. What inspired Frost to write the poem The Road Not Taken? A. The countryside life. B. One of his friends. C. His difficulty in making choices. D. His eagerness for self-discovery. 2. What did Frost’s words “I’m never more serious than when joking” suggest? A. The poem contained some hidden meanings. B. The poem was not meant to be taken seriously. C. He did not regard his own writing as important. D. He put lots of efforts into the creation of the poem. 3. How do many readers interpret the poet’s choice of the road? A. A way of displaying individualism. B. A representation of life’s unavoidable challenges. C. A piece of advice about following others’ choices. D. An expression of regret for not taking the other path. 4. What lesson can be learned from the story behind The Road Not Taken? A. Humor has no place in the serious works of literature. B. It is important to think over something said by poets. C. Even good friends can finally take separate paths. D. Even the most playful creation can become something significant. 单元话题5 社交媒体 The curtain has come down on the “2022 My Spring Festival in Shanghai” and “The Shanghai story-telling activity-epidemic(流行病) prevention and control” short-video contests, initiated by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily in August 2022. The contests have actively attracted thousands of international and Chinese students from many universities. The original work of the short-video producers in Shanghai depicted various parts of this metropolitan(大都市的) city. Behind the scenes, international students spent the Spring Festival with local Chinese friends, and thousands of young people supported Shanghai during the coronavirus outbreak. “Filming short videos gave me a more grateful perspective on life. Using experience gained in the past, we can work together to create a brighter future,” said Yiqing Hu from Fudan University. “The video I produced for the short video contest, featured a whole range of emotions, from despair to joy. Through the experience, I learned the full nature of life under epidemic controls.” Ruonan Lu said, a student from Fudan University. “The Shanghai story-telling activity” has displayed China’s culture, Shanghai’s humanities, technological innovations and ability to hold international people-to-people exchanges. The event saw local members of young people coming together to discuss youth responsibilities during the complex epidemic prevention and control situation. The activity is hosted by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily, which have together formed s type of International Communication. This Shanghai strategic communication organization focuses on accurately communicating China’s culture and message to the rest of the world. It’s hoped that better methods of communication will make it possible to construct a global community with a shared future for humankind. 1. Which one is FLASE about the short-video contests according to the text? A. It attracted both Chinese and foreign students from universities. B. Its works must describe the scenes in Shanghai. C. It witnessed young people’s great responsibility during the epidemic. D. It included showing Chinese culture, buildings, innovations. 2. What can we learn about Ruonan Lu? A. She knew how to control the pandemic. B. She mainly recorded different festival activities. C. Her videos showed all kinds of emotions. D. Her video always expressed a bright attitude. 3. What does the Shanghai communication do? A. It aims to construct a global community. B. It promotes to spread Chinese culture. C. It finds a better way to communicate. D. It achieves a shared future for mankind. 4. Where does the passage most probably come from? A. a novel B. a textbook C. a newspaper D. a magazine 单元话题6 体育奥运 In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves, and in each race they try to achieve the new personal best. For one Nebraska teen running in what would likely to be his final cross-country outing before graduating from high school, his personal best turned out not to be marking the fastest time but displaying the biggest heart. Although it was a long shot when he came out from the starting position last Thursday, Brandon Schutt from Bellevue East High School knew if his time was good enough that day, he still had the potential to qualify for the upcoming state meet. A mile into the 3.1-mile race, however, Schutt realized he wasn’t going to be able to keep up the necessary momentum(势头). Rather than risking injury, he slowed to a comfortable pace that would allow him to simply get pleasure from the moment and the day. Meanwhile, Blake Cerveny from Omaha Burke High School was running a very different kind of race. Aiming to beat his own personal record, after a fast start, he continued to push himself hard. With less than 400 meters to go, Cerveny’s legs cramped up (抽筋), but he didn’t give up. Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 150 meters and again…About 100 meters away from the finish line, he lay curled on the ground. His legs had simply given out. Before Cerveny’s dad could reach his son, Brandon Schutt was at his side to offer a helping hand. The two completed the final meters of the course. Schutt even made sure the injured runner crossed the finish line first, securing his opponent a faster time. In today’s competitive world, while the emphasis in athletics is so often on breaking records, it is inspiring to see an athlete like Brandon Schutt. 1. What does the underlined phrase “a long shot” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Simple to compete. B. Unlikely to succeed. C. Exciting to be qualified. D. Surprising to break records. 2. Why did Brandon Schutt slow down after a mile? A. To enjoy the competition. B. To help Blake Cerveny. C. To have a final push. D. To examine his wounds. 3. What can we learn about Blake Cerveny in the race? A. He didn’t cross the finish line. B. He was generous to help others. C. He was affected by his physical disability. D. He was a person of determination. 4. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Importance of Perseverance B. The Love for Sports C. The Value of True Sportsmanship D. The Sport of Track and Field 单元话题7 医疗健康 (2024-2025学年高二上·云南·阶段练习)Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like breast cancer in ways that were never before possible. Rishi Rawat teaches AI at the University of Southern California’s (USC) Clinical Science Center in Los Angeles. He is part of a team of scientists who are researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the breast. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says, “This data helps the machine learn. You can put the data into machines and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that is important to making decisions.” David Agus is another USC researcher. He believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors. He says, “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can’t recognize by itself.” Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Currently, researchers take a thin piece of tissue, put it on a small piece of glass and add color to better see the cells. That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say AI can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns, or structures, and learn how the cells are organized. The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. Agus adds, “All of a sudden, we have the computing power to really do it in real time. We didn’t have the computing power to do this several years ago, but now it’s all changed.” The USC’s researchers are now only studying breast cancer. But doctors predict AI will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer. 1. What is the key to the learning of AI according to the text? A. The input of data. B. The patterns of machines. C. Computers’ recognition ability. D. Scientists’ continuous research. 2. What is the advantage of AI in identifying cancer compared to traditional practices? A. It will cost less money. B. It will become more effective. C. It will relieve patients’ suffering. D. It will correct personal mistakes. 3. What does Agus think of the technology? A. It’s satisfactory. B. It’s worrying. C. It’s complex. D. It’s conventional. 4. Which word can best describe the technology? A. User-friendly. B. Integrated. C. Promising. D. Challenging. 单元话题8 科学技术 (2024-2025学年高二上·辽宁·阶段练习)While AI can beat us at chess, drive cars, and even compose music, making us laugh seems to be its final frontier(边界). My musical comedy, Artificially Intelligent, was inspired by the time I asked AI to write me a show based on my life, and it gave me some madly terrible results. I performed some of its materials in the show, and I even made AI write a song for an audience member live on the spot, and it was always funny in its terribleness. It generated songs telling the audience member who is a doctor to hit the eyes of her co-worker who she is always arguing with. However, this wasn’t independent thinking; we had to feed AI as much information as possible to get any results from it. When it comes to actually getting AI to craft jokes on its own, it can’t. The problem with AI and comedy is its lack of human nuance(细微差别) for humor. AI might be able to create a joke structure, but it does not have the ability to pull from personal experience. It lacks a point of view, situational awareness, context, and cultural awareness needed for good comedy. Irony (讽刺), a complex form of human communication, is hard for AI because of its reliance on context, tone, and cultural knowledge. Unlike humans, AI can’t infer meaning beyond clear statements. Irony involves saying one thing but meaning another, relying on shared context, but AI only processes text and can’t pick up audio and visual cues for irony. AI must signal it’s making a joke. As of now, though AI has made impressive progress in some areas, it is absolutely not funny, but in the future theoretically yes. When technology advances to the point where robots are walking around with free will and independent thinking, experiencing life and potentially even emotions, they would theoretically begin to have enough viewpoints to create comedy, or an activity that voices their experience of being an AI. However, this would create its own culture and would only be relatable to other AIs. The truth is that audiences are really enjoying the AI-generated material in my show, even if the joke is bad. But—technically—does that make it funny? 1. Why does the author mention the comedy Artificially Intelligent? A. To introduce a successful AI comedy. B. To confirm the application of AI in music. C. To illustrate AI’s limitation in making jokes. D. To recommend the musical comedy to readers. 2. What does the author try to explain in paragraph 3? A. What AI jokes are made up of. B. Why AI fails to create a good joke actually. C. How AI understands the meaning of irony. D. Whether AI can learn from funny experiences. 3. What does the author think of AI in the future? A. It will relate its culture to humans. B. It will teach itself the theory of comedy. C. It will be free to express others’ feelings. D. It will develop its own culture of humor. 4. What’s the best title for the text? A. Will AI ever be funny? B. Is AI going to learn to laugh? C. Is AI the future of entertainment? D. Will AI be the pioneer in new fields? 单元话题1 健康饮食-食物文化 (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏宿迁·期中)With a rising awareness of health and well-being, traditional Chinese medicine cuisine is gaining popularity among young people in China. Like Tong Ren Tang, many leading TCM companies are investing in the food sector, tapping into the potential of a market yet to be fully explored. On the one hand, young people in China joke about themselves being “crispy skin youngsters”, mocking their poor health. In fact, it’s more a complaint about stress and depression from overwork. On the other hand, young Chinese want to stay healthy but feel it’s hard to abandon unhealthy habits such as staying up late and eating junk food. Therefore, products that claim to be able to balance good taste and benefit health are favored, experts said. Shi Jingwen,20, barely drinks milk tea, unlike most women her age, because she said she places a high value on health in terms of diet. But she would like to try a cup of almond tofu and osmanthus tea by Tea of Seasons, a herbal beverage brand created in 2022 by a time-honored Beijing TCM provider. “Their products can provide people with a healthy enjoyment both physically and mentally. For example, products like their mung bean soup introduced in the summer better meet people’s needs for cooling down during the hot season. This can also provide a sense of comfort in one’s healthy diet,” she said. She added that the products also inherit traditional Chinese culture, which is special. However, the use of TCM cuisine should take into consideration one’s age, gender, weight and other factors, as well as the different seasons, Experts said, adding that a small intake each time is preferred. As for whether TCM cuisine can truly benefit health or is just a marketing method, it depends on whether it’s a reasonable matching of ingredients and the amount in each product. You cannot truly count on TCM cuisine to significantly improve health. If you really feel uncomfortable, you’d better go to hospital. Kathy Jiang, a partner expert of global consultancy Roland Berger, said young consumers are increasingly drawn to TCM cuisine due to a heightened health consciousness, cultural pride and its compatibility with modern lifestyles. 1. What is the special about TCM products? A. It can serve as pills. B. It adds delicious ingredients. C. It mixes with junk food. D. It inherits traditional Chinese culture. 2. What is the expert’s suggestion for people suffering from illness? A. Seeing a doctor. B. Burning off calories. C. Having favored dishes. D. Taking TCM products. 3. Why does TCM cuisine gain popularity among young people in China? A. The products save money. B. Young people have unhealthy habits. C. Young people have stress and depression. D. The products meet people’s physical and mental needs. 4. What would be the suitable title for the text? A. TCM Products: Modern Diets for Health-conscious Young people. B. TCM Products: Best Medicines for Health-conscious Young people. C. TCM Products: Practical Welfare for Health-conscious Young people. D. TCM Products: Unique necessities for Health-conscious Young people. 单元话题2 音乐舞蹈 (2024-2025学年高二上·湖南长沙·期中)When Adele released(发行) her 2011 single Someone Like You, this bittersweet song is popular with millions worldwide. More than a decade later, it remains one of her most popular songs. Her artistry, as well as that of many others who have mastered the art of making listeners feel moved with slow and emotional beats, has a way of managing the emotional pain of heartbreak and loss. Listening to favorite songs could also reduce people’s feelings of pain, according to a new study published in the journal Frontiers in Pain Research. And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet and emotional experiences. “It doesn’t take the place of medicine when you have a headache, but music can help reduce your pain,” said Patrick Stroman, a professor at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario. He didn’t join in the study. “Unlike other medications,” he noted, “there is no side effect or risk in listening to music (just keep the volume at a reasonable level).” The small study invited 63 young adults to bring one of their favorite songs. The researchers also had the young adults pick one of seven songs that the team considered relaxing and were unfamiliar to the study participants. All the while, the researchers stuck a hot object — similar to the pain of a boiling hot teacup on the participants’ skin — to their left inner forearms. When rating their experiences, people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing songs. With millions of songs available, one person’s favorite song is likely not the same as another. After interviewing the participants about the song they brought and their rating of pain, the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with calming or cheerful themes(主题). “It’s a very cool result,” said lead study author Darius Valevicius, a doctoral student of neurosciences at the University of Montreal. “I think it’s why I myself and probably many people choose to listen to bittersweet or even spiritual music.” 1. Why does the author mention Adele in the first paragraph? A. To reach a conclusion. B. To lead in the topic. C. To offer a suggestion. D. To provide the background. 2. What is Stroman’s attitude to the effect of listening to music? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Unclear. D. Unconcerned. 3. How did the people who listened to bittersweet and moving sons feel? A. They felt less pain. B. They felt stressful. C. They felt upset. D. They felt unhappy. 4. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. When Is the Best Time to Listen to Music? B. How Do You Create Popular Songs Quickly? C. The Best Way to Reduce Pain Might Be to Write Music. D. Certain Types of Music Could Help You Feel Less Pain. 单元话题3 美术与摄影 (2024-2025学年高二上·山东威海·期中)By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen was well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local art center, displaying his series titled “Dispositions”, which illustrated his own growth during adolescence(青少年). Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his work in a juried(评审) exhibition, where a group of art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That was when he had trouble, discovering in the application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a motivation for creation. “I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, which is now profitable enough to make ends meet by charging a small hanging fee for any displayed work. In turn, Little EGG help promote young talents by displaying their works. Not long after opening, David Griffin, a professor and artist of Ontario College of Art and Design University stepped into the gallery and met Nalin. Griffin regarded him as someone special: “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea — creating a space for showing the natural genius of young people. It was a void(空白) in the art world.” There Nalin asked Griffin to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and five-year-old Jack Gamble won for his abstract painting titled Pokemon. As Nalin is busy with school, life and his own art, Little EGG is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still devoted to growing it with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. 1. What do we know about Nalin from the first two paragraphs? A. He became a working artist at 13. B. Art experts sang high praise for his works. C. He was disqualified for a juried exhibition. D. Teenagers’ growth was the theme of his works. 2. Why did Nalin decide to set up Little EGG Gallery? A. To earn money to support his parents. B. To show artists’ talent through themed shows. C. To form the connection between different galleries. D. To show young artists’ talent by offering them a stage. 3. Which of the following can best describe Nalin’s idea of opening the gallery? A. Pioneering. B. Romantic. C. Popular. D. Incredible. 4. In which column of a magazine is this text most likely to appear? A. Figure. B. Opinion. C. Culture. D. Lifestyle. 单元话题4 诗歌 (2024-2025学年高二上·福建厦门·期中)Imagine finding yourself in a spoken word event (also known as performance poetry). You’re attracted by the performer on stage as he conveys his deepest thoughts to the room: Today I bought you flowers, How strange meanings can change, What was once a symbol of joy is now one of pain, A universal language for when you don’t know what to say. The crowd is attentive but far from silent. Throughout the performance, you hear clapping and cheers, expressing approval of specific lines. And then the poem ends with thunderous applause and the poet returns to his seat. The performance has ended, but its energy continues to exist throughout the night. Spoken word events are far from your standard poetry reading. Many people today think of poetry as a silent, individual act but it actually started as an oral (口头的) tradition. Before mass literacy, poems and stories were shared verbally and performed to the public. In modern times, mass media provided audiences with alternative means of entertainment and the art of storytelling declined. The recent and increasing popularity of the spoken word is poetry returning to its oral roots. The spoken word helps people achieve healing and emotional balance. It shares many benefits with written poetry, including helping us organize our thoughts, process our emotions and promote self-reflection. However, it’s not just the sharing of poetry that is healing. It’s the connections that form between the audience and the poet. This adds to the degree of social connection, which is central to the essence of spoken word poetry. Poets can be themselves in this safe space, where they avoid being judged and laughed at. The feeling of healing also applies to audience members who relate to the poet’s words. Hearing someone who is going through the same feelings or experiences that you are going through or have experienced in the past can make you feel less alone and more connected to others, knowing that the struggles are shared. The spoken word is an unbelievably accessible art form. There are very few rules, and the form is interpreted fairly broadly. As long as you are performing an original piece which doesn’t include any offensive (冒犯的) content, it will be accepted at a spoken word event. 1. Why is the scene of a performance mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To draw readers’ attention to the spoken word. B. To call on audience to participate in the event. C. To inform the content of a spoken word event. D. To highlight the importance of spoken word poetry. 2. What does the word “verbally” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. In private. B. On stage. C. In spoken words. D. With enthusiasm. 3. What’s the core of spoken word poetry according to the passage? A. The sharing of individual poems among performers. B. The same feelings and experiences connecting people. C. The promotion of self-reflection and emotional balance. D. The extent of relationships between the poets and audience. 4. What is the best title of the passage? A. Reading Aloud in Public B. More Than Poetry Reading C. A New Kind of Spoken Events D. The Popularity of the Spoken Word 单元话题5 社交媒体 In this new digital era, farmers are finding ways to keep pace with the times while still holding fast to their traditions. In the quiet and excluded parts of rural China, Xiang Qing, a man born in 1990, leads a life quite unlike the noisy urban existence that defines modernity. His home is Guzhang county, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao autonomous region, which is located deep in western Hunan province. Xiang Qing and his 23-year-old nephew, Xiang Hong, jointly operate a video channel called “Shan Bai”. Through their videos, they showcase handicrafts and rural life in China, fascinating many young urban viewers. “Life here unfolds at its own pace. We grow crops and vegetables and occasionally purchase meat at the market,” Xiang Qing said. “I’ve come across numerous comments from people who watch our videos while lying in bed at night after a busy day of work, finding them truly relaxing and comforting. I think it’s great, and it’s in line with our initial intentions.” Five years ago, Xiang Qing quit his job as a customer service representative in Shanghai and returned to his hometown in Guzhang county, starting a new journey as a video blogger. “Back in 2012, when I was a college student, film-making aroused my passion, and it has continued to be a profound and enduring interest,” he said. Following in his uncle’s footsteps, Xiang Hong made the same life-changing decision. Having graduated from college last year, he also returned to his hometown in April from Changde, a city in Hunan, and ventured into the world of video production alongside his uncle. Now their video channel Shan Bai has attracted more than 59.8 million followers. Xiang Qing designs, films, and edits the videos himself. Xiang Hong serves as the video presenter. Long Lingling, Xiang Qing’s wife, manages the day-to-day operations of the video account, and other family members also contribute to the video production process in different ways. 1. Why do Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong work as video bloggers? A. To pursue personal fame and wealth. B. To promote the business of film-making. C. To financially support their whole family. D. To popularize the lifestyle in their hometown. 2. What can we learn about Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong? A. Xiang Qing influenced Xiang Hong’s career option. B. Xiao Hong quit his first job and switched to video making. C. They reached a decision of returning to hometown together. D. They got involved in each step of the video production process. 3. Which of the following best describes Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong? A. Modest and responsible. B. Diligent and optimistic. C. Devoted and innovative. D. Ambitious and demanding. 单元话题6 体育奥运 (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏扬州·开学考试)The 2024 Paris Olympic Games concluded on Aug 11, showcasing the impressive talents of China’s Generation Z athletes across various sports. While they embodied the Olympic motto of “Faster, Higher, Stronger — Together”, there has been a shift in perspectives on winning as a recognition of the true essence of the Olympic spirit. Since the beginning of the Paris 2024 Olympic Games, many exciting and unforgettable moments have been shared by athletes and audiences worldwide. We have cheered for victories and comforted those who fell short. But beyond the triumphs and defeats, there is something more to admire. On Aug 4, 21-year-old Zheng Qinwen made history for Chinese tennis by winning the first gold medal in women’s singles for both China and Asia. Just the following day, the young Chinese swimming team ended the US’s decades long unbeaten period in the men’s 4x100m relay, finishing in 3 minutes and 27. 46 seconds. By winning gold medals in events once dominated by Western athletes, these young competitors have demonstrated a remarkable improvement in China’s competitive sports landscape. Equally inspiring is the positive mindset exhibited by these young athletes. They are confident and inclusive, striving for excellence and breakthrough performances. Moreover, they have moved away from the “gold medal only” mentality, embracing a more composed and rational(理性的) approach to sports. From 18-year-old BMX freestyle cyclist Deng Yawen to 26-year-old swimmer Zhang Yufei, many young athletes have attracted global audiences with their self-assured approach to competition. They genuinely enjoy competing. When Zhang, China’s “butterfly queen”, missed out on a gold medal, she said, “I hope this time I can have a relaxed attitude and really enjoy the Olympics.” This shift in mindset and demeanor has moved the public focus away from just winning gold medals to appreciating the respect and glory that athletes and the Olympics truly deserve. Success is the goal, but they remain equally graceful in the face of failure, embodying the deep integration of Chinese values with the Olympic spirit. It’s not just about being faster, higher, stronger, but also about embracing sports with a positive attitude. 1. What does the underlined phrase mean in paragraph 2? A. Fell behind. B. Made outstanding advances. C. Attained success. D. Failed to meet expectations. 2. The 2024 Paris Olympic Games is inspiring, except _________. A. Young athletes made determination to just win gold medals B. Young competitor displayed positive and confident mindset C. Young competitors improved a lot in China’s competitive sports D. Young athletes attracted global audience with confident approach 3. Why does the author mention Zhang Yufei in paragraph 4? A. To emphasize the importance of the Paris Olympic Games. B. To praise athletes’ relaxed mindset in Paris Olympic Games. C. To prove athletes’ good performance in Paris Olympic Games. D. To show Zhang’s regret for losing a gold medal in Paris Olympic Games. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Chinese athletes achieved great success in Paris Olympic Games. B. Chinese athletes embraced Olympic Games with a positive attitude. C. Chinese athletes displayed impressive talents in Paris Olympic Games. D. Chinese athletes embodied the Olympic motto in Paris Olympic Games. 单元话题7 医疗健康 (2024-2025学年高二上·浙江绍兴·期中)Hiao Khanh, 29, is a member of the Community Malaria(疟疾). Action Team in Chư Rcăm commune, Krông pa district, Gia Lai province, which is known for having the highest number of malaria cases in Vietnam. In 2020, more than 200 cases were reported across the district. Hiao Khanh has been working in malaria prevention and control since 2019, after he recovered from malaria. “It was a near-death experience,” said Hiao Khanh. “I had a high fever before getting medical support. After that, I was determined to help reduce sickness and deaths from malaria in my community.” People in this community depend heavily on the forest to earn a living. They go into the forest to work, and sleep there, putting them at high risk of contracting(感染) malaria. When it rains, the community’s various forest settlements are nearly cut off as the dirt roads are flooded. Hiao Khanh and his team need to use motorbikes to reach different parts of the community to help protect people from malaria. The team’s main activities are to raise awareness about malaria prevention, provide protective items, and find out people who might have malaria and then transport them to healthcare facilities for testing. With the right treatment, patients can now be cured in a shorter period of time. However, ensuring individuals stay on track with their treatment remains a challenge. Forest workers, for example, often prefer to return to work as soon as their fever breaks. Part of Hiao Khanh’s work is to find and persuade patients to come back for treatment. Communication is an important aspect of his team’s work. They actively listen to people’s concerns, respond to their questions, and stress the importance of completing the full treatment course. “Just a ‘thank you’ from the people is enough to give me strength to continue this job to reduce malaria in my homeland,” said Hiao Khanh. 1. What led Hiao Khanh to take an active role in malaria prevention and control? A. His suffering from malaria. B. A report about malaria cases in Vietnam. C. His visit to a nearby forest. D. The deaths from malaria in his community. 2. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. It often rains in Hiao Khanh’s hometown. B. The community is accessible only by motorbikes. C. Natural disasters frequently hit Hiao Khanh’s hometown. D. Forests add to the difficulty of malaria control. 3. Which of the following is part of the mission of the Community Malaria Action Team? A. Treating patients with malaria. B. Educating people about malaria prevention. C. Transporting villagers to safer places. D. Improving hospitals and healthcare facilities. 4. Which of the following can best describe Hiao Khanh concerning his fight against malaria? A. committed and determined B. innovative and productive C. courageous and ambitious D. outgoing and adaptable 单元话题8 科学技术 (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏徐州·期中)Many factors can influence whether a patient lives or dies. However, in data from different countries, patients seen by female doctors seem to do better than those seen by male ones. In 2017, Yusuke Tsugawa of Harvard Medical School, and his colleagues in Boston analyzed the medical records of around 1.5 million older adults who had been in hospital in America between 2011 and 2014. They found that patients whose treatment had been performed by a female doctor were about 4% less likely to die than those whose treatment doctor was a man. One disadvantage with the study is that it is retrospective, looking back at naturally occurring data rather than random experiments. This could cover any factors which might be really driving the effect, says Gavin Stewart, an expert at Newcastle University. It could be that female doctors tend to be responsible for healthier patients than their male colleagues. In an experiment where patients were randomly distributed among doctors, female doctors seem to do better. Researchers say the next step is to work out why. “I don’ t think it’s the presence or absence of a Y chromosome(染色体),” says Dr Christopher Wallis, “I think it’s a series of behaviours that are linked with gender.” Past research has found that female doctors tend to spend more time with patients, are more likely to provide preventive care and tend to stick more closely to guidelines than their male colleagues do. This could reduce the risk of deaths. Understanding why such difference in care will help all doctors improve their practice. For all things that advanced medical equipment and new drugs can do, a physician’s judgement seems to be as important. 1. In which way was the study in 2017 conducted? A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods. C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses. 2. What does the underlined word “retrospective” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Critical. B. Backtracked. C. Dated. D. Accurate. 3. Which statement would Wallis probably agree with? A. Y chromosome determines gender differences. B. Gender difference in care has different effects. C. Female doctors are always assigned with healthier patients. D. Male doctors could reduce the potential risk of deaths. 4. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. A doctor’s judgement is as important as other factors. B. Gender difference can’t help improve doctors’ treatment. C. We should notice gender difference in doctors’ treatment. D. We could use doctors’ judgement to improve his treatment. 22 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 选择必修一,二阅读理解 作业06 核心知识巩固+拓展突破 阅读理解的四种题型 1.细节理解题 文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节理解对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。细节题在高考阅读理解中出现频率很高。高考英语阅读理解题的细节题考点可能源自于段内的单句信息理解，也可以来自段落内或段落间综合信息理解。考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、方式等，议论文中例证细节和定义类细节。 细节理解题的共同特点是答案一般都能在文章中找到，当然，答案并不一定是文章中的原句，命题人往往需要根据文章提供的信息重新组织语句供考生做出选择。如何解题？ 技巧点拨 (1)简单细节判断：首先，题干定位关键词—扫描题干，根据关键词明确答题方向，如数字、时间、原因、事件、目的、方式、现象、特征等；然后，查找原文找对应，用略读与查读技巧定位与关键词相关的原文信息；最后，比较选项与原文的对应信息，直接锁定正确答案。 (2)综合细节判断(需要对原文多处相关信息进行转换或整合)：首先，读题干，明确关键词和答题方向；然后，定位与题干关键词相关的近义词、反义词或解释性信息；最后，利用正确选项特点(近义词替换原文信息、变换原文语态、词性或词形、简化或概括原文、正话反说等)，确定答案。 2.推理判断题 推理判断属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题，是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层含义及隐含意义。高考对于推理判断的考查要求考生根据文章所提供的事实及自己的一些常识进行合理的推断，判断作者的意图、人物的动机及性格特征和事件发生的前因后果等。解答该类型题目时要从整体上把握语篇内容，在语篇的表面含义与隐含意义、已知信息与未知信息间架起桥梁，透过字里行间，去体会作者的“弦外音”。 技巧点拨 (1)推断隐含意义，题干中通常含有infer, suggest, imply, conclude等标志性词语，根据题干内容，在文中找到定位词或句，理解信息句的字面意思，结合已有常识，进行符合情理的推断。 (2) 推断作者的观点和态度，要注意作者或文中人物的措辞及表达情感、态度或观点的词语、句子，明确是问谁对什么事的态度，明确是作者或文中人物的观点而非主观臆断。 (3)推断写作意图，要通过文中所列事物使读者感受到其所传递的想法。 (4)推断文章出处或读者对象，需要根据文章体裁、题材、内容、措辞判断，这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其出处。 3.主旨大意题 主旨大意题主要是测试考生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度以及在快速中准确把握主旨大意的能力。一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。这类题目考查的范围是基本论点、文章标题、主题或段落大意等。要求考生在理解全文的基础上能较好地运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等逻辑思维方法，对文章进行高度概括或总结，语言一般简洁、凝练，其干扰项的设置往往比较有迷惑性，属于高层次的阅读理解题。 技巧点拨 标题是段落中心思想最精炼的表达形式。文章标题可以是单词、短语，也可以是句子。它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能涵盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意的程度及色彩。 主旨大意题，要搞清楚是问某一段还是全文的大意，可利用文中主要信息来把握文脉，进行综合归纳。如有标题，标题中蕴含的信息往往是关键信息。另外，任何一篇文章都是围绕某个主题展开的，因此，许多文章中最明显的特点之一是有一个反复出现的中心词，即高频词，也叫主题词。抓住了它，便容易抓住文章的中心。 4.词句猜测题 正确理解文中单词或短语的含义是理解文章的第一步，也是理解文章的基础，不懂单词含义根本就谈不上理解文章。但英语单词、短语的含义并非完全等同于词典中所标注的汉语意思，其含义随不同语境会有所不同。能根据上下文理解灵活变化的词义，才算是真正初步具备了一定的阅读理解能力。在高考阅读理解中，词义猜测题通常有以下三种情况：推测划线单词或短语的含义；推测划线代词指代含义；推测划线句子的含义。 1. 技巧点拨 对于推测划线单词或短语的含义，可以依据定义、同位语、文章中的例子、对比关系或比较关系、构词法、并列结构、因果关系等来解题； 对于推测代词含义，可以从宏观上充分把握代词指代内容涉及段落的整体含义，并从微观入手抓住关键词或关键句，弄清逻辑关系(因果关系，转折关系，补充说明，对比关系等)来解题； 关于推测划线句含义，采用三步法—一定位，返回原文，定位划线句子，理清句子结构；二分析，分析划线句子前后语境，根据关键信息和逻辑关系(因果关系，转折关系，补充说明，对比关系等)合理推断句意；三比较，比较选项，找出与推断出的句义相似的选项。 细节理解题 (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏扬州·期中)Flowers, ocean waves, animals, totem(图腾): Sitting in his northeast Beijing studio, Cai Honghao hammers on a piece of cow leather, bringing to life a new design. Cai, 41, is one of China’s few leather crafters. He began crafting leather six years ago when he was the creative director of an advertising company. Fed up with the stress of his job, Cai declined to renew his contract last year. He is now devoted to leather crafting. “It’s great fun as I try new designs and make it more challenging.” Each work undergoes many stages, from drawing pictures on paper to coloring the crafted leather. He does it all himself, but sometimes his wife helps. The back of the leather should be pasted on paper to prevent changing the shape, and then covered with tape to seal it during coloring. Cai also sprays water on the surface to make the leather easier to work. His 70-square-meter studio is filled with leather and tools. Pens are used to carve the outline of the pattern, while different machines create the shallow holes on the leather. The patterns become vivid under Cai’s hammers and shaping tools. For a bag or belt, he also sews pieces of leather together, and a work can take a week to several months, with the prices up to tens of thousands of yuan. “It is an extremely complicated and time-consuming process,” he says. His shoulders can ache after bending over his worktop day and night. “But I enjoy it, and my family are keen on my art. Otherwise, they would not let me do this fulltime.” Cai hopes to realize the beauty of ancient Chinese paintings that are full of Chinese flavor. “Now my dream is realized,” he says. His next project is an exhibition of his work. 1. Why did Cai Honghao leave his job last year? A. He was forced by his contract. B. He was fond of advertising. C. He was tired of the pressure. D. He was blamed by the director. 2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? A. The effectiveness of Cai’s skills. B. The efficiency of Cai’s machines. C. The complexity of leather crafting. D. The diversity of rare leather works. 3. What can best describe his commitment to the shoulder-aching job? A. Do not put off until tomorrow what you love to do at this moment. B. Do what you love, and you’ll never have to work a day in your life. C. Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. D. If you don’t like something, change it. If you can’t, change your attitude. 4. What is his family members’ attitude? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Indifferent. D. Unclear. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，主要围绕蔡洪浩展开，详细介绍了他的身份、职业转变经历以及他从事皮革手工艺制作的具体过程、对这份工作的感受和期望等内容。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Fed up with the stress of his job, Cai declined to renew his contract last year. (由于厌倦了工作的压力，蔡洪浩去年拒绝续签合同”可知，他辞去工作的原因是因为厌倦了压力。故选C项。 2. 主旨大意题。根据第三段首句“Each work undergoes many stages, from drawing pictures on paper to coloring the crafted leather.(每件作品都要经历多个阶段，从在纸上绘图到给制作好的皮革上色)”及全段内容可知，这段主要介绍了皮革工艺的复杂性。故选C项。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“His shoulders can ache after bending over his worktop day and night. ‘But I enjoy it, and my family are keen on my art. Otherwise, they would not let me do this fulltime.’ (他日日夜夜俯身于工作台后，肩膀会酸痛。“但我很享受这个过程，而且我的家人也很喜欢我的艺术作品。否则，他们是不会让我全职做这个的。”)”可知，他因为热爱皮革制作，即便过程辛苦也甘之如饴。与B选项“做你热爱的事，这辈子你就感觉不到是在工作”表达一致。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第四段“‘But I enjoy it, and my family are keen on my art. Otherwise, they would not let me do this fulltime.’ (但我很享受这个过程，而且我的家人也很喜欢我的艺术作品。否则，他们是不会让我全职做这个的。) ”可知，他的家人支持他从事皮革工艺。故选A项。 推理判断题 (2024-2025学年高二上·云南昆明·期中)Paul Durietz is a 76-year-old social studies teacher from Illinois. On September 1, 2023, he set a Guinness World Record for the world’s longest teaching career. Paul has known since he was young that he wanted to be a social studies teacher. Social studies is the study of history, and how people, countries, and cultures are connected. He became interested in history after hearing stories from his father. On his mother’s side of the family, he had connections to a famous person from English history, which aroused his interest in studying the Middle Ages. At the age of 11, after many conversations with his father, Paul was certain social studies would be his field of study. Paul began teaching at Woodland Middle School in Gurnee, Illinois in 1970. Ever since then, he’s been teaching social studies at the same school. Things have changed a lot-since he began all those years ago. When he started, Richard Nixon was President of the United States, and the. Beatles were still together. This rock band was formed in Liverpool, England in 1960. At that time, the only way to make copies was with a “ditto machine (复印机)”, which used a purple ink. There’re many activities in his teaching to help his students learn. For example, he has organized virtual field trips geography contests and special days about the US Civil War. He has even organized mock elections in school to help his students learn about politics. For much of his 53 years as a teacher, Paull has been in charge of the social studies program at Woodland. He’s helped to guide over 20 other social studies teachers at the school. “We should be full of freshness in things and stick to learning continuously,” says Paul, who is extremely proud that some of his students have become history teachers of him. Paul has no plans to retire any time soon. “Keep working on what you love to do in life,” he says. 1. What played an important role in Paul’s career planning? A. His father’s influence. B. His mother’s encouragement. C. His view of teaching history. D. His understanding of social studies. 2. Why did the author mention the Beatles? A. To prove Paul once taught music. B. To show Paul likes music as well. C. To say Paul contributes a lot to music. D. To stress Paul’s long teaching career. 3. Which best describes Paul’s teaching style? A. Dull. B. Academic. C. Creative. D. Demanding. 4. What can we learn from Paul’s story? A. It is never too late to teach. B. Education is the key to success. C. Positive thinking results in victory. D. Curious minds don’t feel satisfied. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是Paul Durietz是一位来自伊利诺伊州的76岁社会研究教师，于2023年9月1日创下了世界上最长的教学生涯的吉尼斯世界纪录。 1. 推理判断题。根据第二段“He became interested in history after hearing stories from his father. On his mother’s side of the family, he had connections to a famous person from English history, which aroused his interest in studying the Middle Ages. At the age of 11, after many conversations with his father, Paul was certain social studies would be his field of study.(听父亲讲故事后，他对历史产生了兴趣。在他母亲那边，他和英国历史上的一位名人有关系，这引起了他对研究中世纪的兴趣。11岁时，在与父亲多次交谈后，保罗确定社会研究将是他的研究领域。)”可知，在Paul的职业规划中扮演了重要的角色的是他父亲的影响。故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据第四段“When he started, Richard Nixon was President of the United States, and the Beatles were still together. This rock band was formed in Liverpool, England in 1960.(当他开始的时候，Richard Nixon是美国总统，披头士乐队还在一起。这支摇滚乐队于1960年在英国利物浦成立。)”可知，提到披头士乐队是为了突出Paul开始工作的时间很早，也就是突出他的职业生涯很长，故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章第五段“There’re many activities in his teaching to help his students learn. For example, he has organized virtual field trips, geography contests, and special days about the US Civil War. He has even organized mock elections at school to help his students learn about politics.(他在教学中有很多活动来帮助学生学习。例如，他组织过虚拟实地考察、地理竞赛和关于美国内战的特别日。他甚至在学校组织模拟选举来帮助学生学习政治)”可推知，Paul的教学方法是有创造性的。故选C。 4. 推理判断题。根据第二段“He became interested in history after hearing stories from his father. On his mother’s side of the family, he had connections to a famous person from English history, which aroused his interest in studying the Middle Ages.(听父亲讲故事后，他对历史产生了兴趣。在他母亲那边，他和英国历史上的一位名人有关系，这引起了他对研究中世纪的兴趣。)”和倒数第二段“We should be full of freshness in things and stick to learning continuously(我们应该对事物充满新鲜感，坚持不断地学习)”可知，Paul的故事表明，他一生都对历史和社会研究充满兴趣和好奇心，他的声明“我们应该对事物保持新鲜感，并坚持不断学习”进一步体现了他终身的好奇心和不断学习的渴望。因此，D选项“Curious minds don’t feel contented.(好奇的心永不满足)”这句话最能概括我们从Paul的故事中学到的教训。故选D。 主旨大意题 (2024-2025学年高二上·辽宁·阶段练习)While AI can beat us at chess, drive cars, and even compose music, making us laugh seems to be its final frontier(边界). My musical comedy, Artificially Intelligent, was inspired by the time I asked AI to write me a show based on my life, and it gave me some madly terrible results. I performed some of its materials in the show, and I even made AI write a song for an audience member live on the spot, and it was always funny in its terribleness. It generated songs telling the audience member who is a doctor to hit the eyes of her co-worker who she is always arguing with. However, this wasn’t independent thinking; we had to feed AI as much information as possible to get any results from it. When it comes to actually getting AI to craft jokes on its own, it can’t. The problem with AI and comedy is its lack of human nuance (细微差别) for humor. AI might be able to create a joke structure, but it does not have the ability to pull from personal experience. It lacks a point of view, situational awareness, context, and cultural awareness needed for good comedy. Irony (讽刺), a complex form of human communication, is hard for AI because of its reliance on context, tone, and cultural knowledge. Unlike humans, AI can’t infer meaning beyond clear statements. Irony involves saying one thing but meaning another, relying on shared context, but AI only processes text and can’t pick up audio and visual cues for irony. AI must signal it’s making a joke. As of now, though AI has made impressive progress in some areas, it is absolutely not funny, but in the future theoretically yes. When technology advances to the point where robots are walking around with free will and independent thinking, experiencing life and potentially even emotions, they would theoretically begin to have enough viewpoints to create comedy, or an activity that voices their experience of being an AI. However, this would create its own culture and would only be relatable to other AIs. The truth is that audiences are really enjoying the AI-generated material in my show, even if the joke is bad. But — technically — does that make it funny? 1. Why does the author mention the comedy Artificially Intelligent? A. To introduce a successful AI comedy. B. To confirm the application of AI in music. C. To illustrate AI’s limitation in making jokes. D. To recommend the musical comedy to readers. 2. What does the author try to explain in paragraph 3? A. What AI jokes are made up of. B. Why AI fails to create a good joke actually. C. How AI understands the meaning of irony. D. Whether AI can learn from funny experiences. 3. What does the author think of AI in the future? A. It will relate its culture to humans. B. It will teach itself the theory of comedy. C. It will be free to express others’ feelings. D. It will develop its own culture of humor. 4. What’s the best title for the text? A. Will AI ever be funny? B. Is AI going to learn to laugh? C. Is AI the future of entertainment? D. Will AI be the pioneer in new fields? 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 【语篇解读】本文是议论文。文章主要讨论了AI在创作幽默方面的局限性及其未来的可能性。 1. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“My musical comedy, Artificially Intelligent, was inspired by the time I asked AI to write me a show based on my life, and it gave me some madly terrible results. I performed some of its materials in the show, and I even made AI write a song for an audience member live on the spot, and it was always funny in its terribleness.(我的音乐喜剧《人工智能》的灵感来自于我让人工智能根据我的生活为我写一个节目，它给了我一些非常糟糕的结果。我在节目中表演了它的一些材料，我甚至让AI在现场为一位观众写了一首歌，这种可怕的感觉总是很有趣)”可知，作者让人工智能根据他的生活给他写了一个节目，而结果很糟糕。可见，作者提及他的音乐喜剧是为了展示AI生成的糟糕结果，从而强调AI在幽默创作上的不足。换言之，作者提到他的音乐喜剧是为了展示AI在创作笑话方面的局限性。故选C项。 2. 主旨大意题。根据第三段“The problem with AI and comedy is its lack of human nuance (细微差别) for humor. AI might be able to create a joke structure, but it does not have the ability to pull from personal experience. It lacks a point of view, situational awareness, context, and cultural awareness needed for good comedy.(人工智能和喜剧的问题在于它缺乏人类幽默的细微差别。人工智能也许能够创造一个笑话结构，但它没有能力从个人经验中汲取灵感。它缺乏好的喜剧所需要的观点、情境意识、背景和文化意识)”可知，AI缺乏人类对幽默的细微理解，无法从个人经验中汲取灵感，也没有观点、没有情境、背景和文化意识，而这些都是创作好笑话所必需的。可见，作者在第三段中阐述了AI为什么不能创作出好的笑话。故选B项。 3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“As of now, though AI has made impressive progress in some areas, it is absolutely not funny, but in the future theoretically yes. When technology advances to the point where robots are walking around with free will and independent thinking, experiencing life and potentially even emotions, they would theoretically begin to have enough viewpoints to create comedy, or an activity that voices their experience of being an AI. However, this would create its own culture and would only be relatable to other AIs.(到目前为止，虽然人工智能在某些领域取得了令人印象深刻的进步，但它绝对不是有趣的，但在未来理论上是可以的。当技术进步到机器人可以自由行走、独立思考、体验生活甚至可能有情感的程度时，理论上它们就会开始有足够的观点来创作喜剧，或者通过一种活动来表达它们作为人工智能的体验。然而，这将创造自己的文化，并且只与其他人工智能相关)”可知，当技术发展到机器人拥有自由意志和独立思考能力时，它们可能会开始创造自己的幽默文化。故选D项。 4. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“While AI can beat us at chess, drive cars, and even compose music, making us laugh seems to be its final frontier (边界).(虽然人工智能可以在国际象棋、驾驶汽车甚至作曲方面击败我们，但让我们发笑似乎是它的最后疆域)”结合下文的详述可知，尽管AI在其他领域已经取得了显著成就，但在幽默方面仍面临巨大的挑战。A项“AI会变得有趣吗？”概括全文内容，适合作文章标题。故选A项。 词句猜测题 (2024-2025学年高二上·广东·期中)A teacher teaches stay-at-home mothers how to make cakes at a vocational school in Changle district, Fuzhou, capital of southeast China’s Fujian Province. Jobs tailored for mothers who are still of working age and have children aged 12 and below are helping them overcome re-employment difficulties to some extent and strike a balance between work and model that has been widely care of their kids. This is an employment model that has been widely popular with stay-at-home mothers across China. Pi Rongjie, whose child is 4 years old, works for an LED factory near her child’s kindergarten in Jing’ an county, Yichun city, east China’s Jiangxi Province. Unlike her colleagues on the company’s other production lines, mothers working under this model including Pi can clock in half an hour later and finish a day between 5p. m. and 6 p. m. In addition to providing flexible working hours, some regions are optimizing (优化) the working environment and model to better help young mothers through measures such as allowing them to take their children to the workplace and setting up community-based workshops for them. Moreover, organizations such as women’s federations should keep close contact with mothers working under this model, safeguard their legitimate (合法的) rights and interests, listen to the views of employers, and improve mechanisms for labor dispute mediation (调解) to ensure the healthy development of this flexible employment model. Meanwhile, the development of some new business models in China such as livestreaming e-commerce has brought more options for mothers seeking flexible employment. For example, positions for mothers including operational staff, live streamers, and customer service staff allow them to work from home. 1. What is the purpose of Paragraph 1? A. To stress the importance of teachers. B. To state the process of the teaching. C. To introduce the topic of the text. D. To give an example of the job model. 2. What does the underlined words “clock in” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A. working overtime. B. setting the clock. C. checking in. D. getting to work. 3. What is stressed in paragraph 4? A. Opinions shared by some regions and organizations. B. Working environment some places are optimizing. C. Requirements made by the employees. D. Measures taken to promote the working condition. 4. What might the author continue talking about? A. Other examples of flexible jobs for mothers. B. Jobs tailored for mothers popular in China. C. Different comments made on livestreaming. D. The achievements made by the e-commerce. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章讲述为带孩子的妈妈们量身定制的工作在中国很受欢迎。 1. 推理判断题。第一段“ A teacher teaches stay-at-home mothers how to make cakes at a vocational school in Changle district, Fuzhou, capital of southeast China's Fujian Province.(在中国东南部福建省省会福州市长乐区的一所职业学校，一名老师正在教全职妈妈们如何做蛋糕。)”可知，第一段描写的场景是为了引出文章的主题“帮助在家带娃的妈妈再就业”。故选C。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“mothers working under this model including Pi can clock in half an hour later and finish a day between 5p. m. and 6 p. m.(在这种模式下工作的母亲们，包括Pi ，可以晚半小时clock in，在下午5点到下午6点之间完成一天的工作。)”和第四段“flexible employment model(灵活就业模式)”可推知，与她在公司其他生产线上的同事不同，在这种模式下工作的母亲们，包括Pi，可以晚半小时打卡。所以clock in是“上班打卡”的意思。故选D。 3. 主旨大意题。根据第四段“In addition to providing flexible working hours, some regions are optimizing (优化) the working environment and model to better help young mothers through measures such as allowing them to take their children to the workplace and setting up community-based workshops for them. Moreover, organizations such as women’s federations should keep close contact with mothers working under this model, safeguard their legitimate (合法的) rights and interests, listen to the views of employers, and improve mechanisms for labor dispute mediation (调解) to ensure the healthy development of this flexible employment model.(除了提供灵活的工作时间外，一些地区正在优化工作环境和模式，通过允许年轻母亲带孩子去工作场所和为她们设立社区讲习班等措施，更好地帮助年轻母亲。此外，妇联等组织应密切联系灵活就业模式下的母亲，维护其合法权益，听取用人单位意见，完善劳动争议调解机制，确保灵活就业模式的健康发展。)”可知，本段主要提及为推动这种就业模式所采取的措施。故选D。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Meanwhile, the development of some new business models in China such as livestreaming e-commerce has brought more options for mothers seeking flexible employment. For example, positions for mothers including operational staff, livestreamers, and customer service staff allow them to work from home.(与此同时，中国一些新商业模式的发展，如直播电子商务，为寻求灵活就业的妈妈们带来了更多选择。例如，包括运营人员、直播员和客户服务人员在内的母亲职位允许她们在家工作。)”可知，接下来作者会谈论其它的灵活就业岗位的例子。故选A。 单元话题1 康饮食-食物文化 (2024-2025学年高二上·福建福州·阶段练习)Picture the scene: You’re in a not-particularly-fancy Italian restaurant and the people next to you get up from their table and walk out, leaving behind a few perfectly good slices of pizza. Obviously, it’s unusual to grab a slice. But should it be? Responses to the question vary. Most people consider it socially inappropriate, believing that it has severe negative consequences for one’s social reputation. Some even strongly suggest abandoning the idea immediately. I don’t find it unpleasant but it’s a pretty unusual thing to do. However, social convention must adapt to the times, so I think it’ s time to turn this outdated rule on its hungry head. Firstly, and most obviously: waste. Food waste is a huge problem in the UK, with almost ten million tonnes of food wasted from UK households, restaurants and food factories in 2018, according to research by food waste charity WRAP. Why not help out in the seemingly smallest of ways? Or at least don’t criticize those who are making efforts to address the problem. Apps like Too Good To Go are great for redistributing surplus (过剩的) food, but every little bit helps, as someone once said. We’re now in a cost of living crisis. There may be concern for the safety of leftovers due to germs. Actually, there is no need to. Do you think chefs wash their hands after any contact with their face or nose? And they’re breathing over your food the whole time. Anyway, germs are good for your immune system. Often, people tend to take their own leftovers home from a restaurant, and now look how far we’ve come. Taking other people’s leftovers is the next trend. No matter whose, let’s make taking leftovers as common as possible. Let’s just full-steam ahead till to take or not to take is never in question. We live in a world where it’s impressive for people to say they only buy secondhand for eco reasons. Why can’t we also live in one where taking leftovers, particularly those that belong to others, no longer draws any surprise? 1. What is the public’s attitude toward grabbing others’ leftover pizza? A. Supportive. B. Tolerant. C. Unfavorable. D. Uncaring. 2. What can we do with Too Good To Go? A. Purchase rare food. B. Donate extra money. C. Learn cooking skills. D. Rescue unwanted food. 3. What does the author intend to do in paragraph 5? A. Illustrate leftovers have no harm to health. B. Explain food in restaurants-contains germs. C. Show chefs are often in favor of being clean. D. Prove germs are good for our immune system. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A big call — eating strangers’ leftovers B. A real challenge-redistributing food C. A serious phenomenon-food waste D. A new trend-recycling leftovers 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了关于拿走他人剩余披萨这一行为的公众态度，以及食物浪费问题，并提出应改变社会观念，鼓励减少浪费，接受带走他人剩余食物的行为。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Most people consider it socially inappropriate, believing that it has severe negative consequences for one’s social reputation. Some even strongly suggest abandoning the idea immediately.(大多数人认为这在社交上是不合适的，认为这会对一个人的社会声誉产生严重的负面影响。有些人甚至强烈建议立即放弃这个想法)”可知，公众对于拿走他人剩余的披萨持不赞成的态度。故选C项。 2. 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Apps like Too Good To Go are great for redistributing surplus (过剩的) food (像Too Good To Go这样的应用程序非常适合重新分配剩余食物)”可知，通过Too Good To Go这个应用程序，我们可以拯救那些不被需要的剩余食物。故选D项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“There may be concern for the safety of leftovers due to germs. Actually, there is no need to.(可能有人担心由于细菌，剩余食物的安全问题。实际上，没有必要担心)”以及“Anyway, germs are good for your immune system.(不管怎样，细菌对你的免疫系统有好处)”可知，本段主要是在说明吃剩饭剩菜对健康没有害处，以打消人们对于剩菜安全性的疑虑。故选A项。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中“Picture the scene: You’re in a not-particularly-fancy Italian restaurant and the people next to you get up from their table and walk out, leaving behind a few perfectly good slices of pizza. Obviously, it’s unusual to grab a slice. But should it be?(想象一下这个场景：你在一家并不特别高档的意大利餐厅，你旁边的人从餐桌边站起来走出去，留下几片完好的披萨。显然，拿一片披萨是不寻常的做法。但真的应该如此吗？)”以及最后一段中“Taking other people’s leftovers is the next trend.(拿别人的剩饭是下一个趋势)”可知，文章主要讨论了关于是否应该拿走他人剩余食物的问题，并提出这将成为一种新的趋势，即呼吁大家吃陌生人的剩饭。A项“A big call — eating strangers’ leftovers(大声呼吁——吃陌生人的剩饭)”符合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选A项。 单元话题2 音乐舞蹈 (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏常州·期中)Ballet originated in the Italian Renaissance (文艺复兴) courts of the 15th century. In important celebrations, dancing masters taught the steps to the well-behaved noblemen and women In the end, all people could participate in dancing. The early ballet intended to bring the nobility together to smooth out political differences and disagreements. In the l6th century, Catherine de Medici — an Italian noblewoman, wife of King Henry Il of France and a great supporter of the art — began to fund ballet in the French court. A century later King Louis XIV helped to popularize the art form by coming up with basic rules and ways of practicing ballet, His goal was to agree on techniques, styles and methods so artists everywhere would approach it the same way. This unifying of the key ideas and steps was meant to take ballet to a higher level as a serious profession. By 1661, a dance academy had opened in Paris, and in 1681 ballet moved from the courts to the stage. The French opera Le Triomphe de l’Amour combined ballet elements, creating a long-standing opera-ballet tradition in France. By the mid-1700s French ballet master Jean Georges Noverre believed that ballet could stand on its own as an art form. His notion — that ballet should contain dramatic movements that should reveal the relationships between characters — introduced the ballet d’action, a dramatic style of ballet that clearly communicates emotion and plots. The popularity of ballet grew quickly in Russia, and, during the latter half of the 19th century Russian choreographers(编舞) and composers took it to new heights. Marius Petipa’s The Nutcracker, The Sleeping Beauty and Swan Lake, by Petipa and Lev Ivanov, represent classical ballet in its grandest form. The Russian system for training ballet dancers, known as the Vaganova method, is famous for helping dancers achieve the highest technical standards. In addition, ballet became closely tied to Russian cultural identity over centuries. It survives as a source of national pride in Russia’s cultural heritage. So a large number of great dancers, choreographers and composers are from Russia. 1. What was the purpose of the early ballet? A. To entertain the nobility. B. To celebrate important events. C. To make young people behave well. D. To achieve unity among the upper class 2. Which of the following set basic standards for ballet? A. Catherine de Medici. B. King Louis XIV. C. King Henry Il of France. D. The dance academy in Paris 3. What was Jean Georges Noverre’s notion? A. Ballet should be more formal. B. Ballet should be more traditional. C. Ballet should be more expressive D. Ballet should be more complicated 4. What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph? A. Great works of ballet in Russia. B. The early development of ballet in Russia C. Reasons why ballet developed fast in Russia D. Differences between ballet in Russia and other countries. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了芭蕾的起源、发展历程、在不同时期的代表人物和作品，以及芭蕾在俄罗斯的特殊地位和影响。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“The early ballet intended to bring the nobility together to smooth out political differences and disagreements.(早期的芭蕾旨在将贵族聚集在一起，以缓和政治分歧和矛盾。)”可知，早期芭蕾旨在将贵族聚集在一起，以缓和政治分歧和矛盾，也就是说，是为了实现上层社会的团结。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“A century later King Louis XIV helped to popularize the art form by coming up with basic rules and ways of practicing ballet, His goal was to agree on techniques, styles and methods so artists everywhere would approach it the same way.(一个世纪后，路易十四通过制定芭蕾舞的基本规则和练习方法，帮助这种艺术形式普及开来。他的目标是就技巧、风格和方法达成一致，以便世界各地的艺术家都能以相同的方式演绎芭蕾。)”可知，路易十四通过制定芭蕾舞的基本规则和练习方法，帮助这种艺术形式普及开来，由此可知，路易十四为芭蕾设定了基本标准。故选B。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“His notion — that ballet should contain dramatic movements that should reveal the relationships between characters — introduced the ballet d’action, a dramatic style of ballet that clearly communicates emotion and plots.(他的观点是，芭蕾应包含能够揭示人物之间关系的戏剧性动作，从而引入了情节芭蕾，这是一种能够清晰传达情感和情节的戏剧性芭蕾风格。)”可知，Jean Georges Noverre认为芭蕾应该更具表现力，能够清晰地传达情感和情节。故选C。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The Russian system for training ballet dancers, known as the Vaganova method, is famous for helping dancers achieve the highest technical standards. In addition, ballet became closely tied to Russian cultural identity over centuries. It survives as a source of national pride in Russia’s cultural heritage. So a large number of great dancers, choreographers and composers are from Russia.(俄罗斯培训芭蕾舞者的体系——瓦冈诺娃方法，以帮助舞者达到最高的技术标准而闻名。此外，几个世纪以来，芭蕾与俄罗斯的文化身份紧密相连。它作为俄罗斯文化遗产中的民族自豪感来源而得以延续。因此，俄罗斯涌现出了一大批伟大的舞者、编舞家和作曲家。)”可知，作者在最后一段想解释芭蕾在俄罗斯快速发展的原因。故选C。 单元话题3 美术与摄影 (2024-2025学年高二上·湖南长沙·期中)Ian Happ is a professional baseball player for a baseball team in the United States. When he first started playing with the team in 2017, he was looking for pictures to hang in his home. An idea and an unlikely partnership with a British artist came from that simple desire. Happ wanted to show Wrigley Field(瑞格利球场), the team’s ballpark, from a different artistic vision. He said that many baseball fans had been to Wrigley Field but had never seen what the ballpark looked like, from the field. He thought looking up from the field was such a cool experience that he intended to bring that to more fans. So, from his point of view, he let the British artist Patrick Vale create three large drawings of Wrigley Field. Instead of having pictures hung in his home, the partnership led to something quite different. Happ’s views of Wrigley Field became the project, Through My Eyes, in which fans could purchase prints. The money made in this way went toward those people in need. The drawings by Vale became See What I See, an exhibition at a Chicago’s gallery. The show lasted a period of time. Happ ever brought Vale to Chicago in September of 2018 and showed him around Wrigley Field. Vale knew little about the sport of baseball. But he understood the connection fans had with Wrigley Field. Happ had to explain to Vale the importance of the 400-foot sign in the center field and the famous manual scoreboard. He had to teach him the correct positioning of the players. He also explained what it felt like standing in the field under the bright lights with a loud crowd. Vale took pictures and used them to help him create drawings in great detail. He was very modest and would send rough drawings to Happ, who would mark them up in red ink, like a teacher, with suggestions. It was in this way that their cooperation was so successful. 1. What did Happ ask Vale to do? A. Join the baseball team. B. Find a different baseball field. C. Draw pictures of his home. D. Create three pictures according to his own perspectives. 2. What is the main purpose of Through My Eyes? A. To hold an exhibition. B. To do charity to help people in need. C. To attract baseball fans. D. To promote the printing trade. 3. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. What Vale explained to Happ. B. How Vale corrected Happ’s mistakes. C. What Happ and Vale felt about the field. D. How Happ introduced Vale about Wrigley field. 4. Which word can best describe Vale? A. modest. B. Humorous. C. Casual. D. Conventional. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述美国棒球运动员Ian Happ和英国艺术家Patrick Vale合作，画出棒球手眼里的球场，并促成了Through My Eyes项目来做慈善。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“He thought looking up from the field was such a cool experience that he intended to bring that to more fans. So, from his point of view, he let the British artist Patrick Vale create three large drawings of Wrigley Field(他认为从球场往上看是一种非常酷的体验，他打算把这种感觉带给更多的球迷。因此，从他的角度来看，他让英国艺术家Patrick Vale创作了瑞格利球场(Wrigley Field)的三幅大型画作)”可知，从他的角度看，他让英国艺术家Patrick Vale创作了瑞格利球场的三幅大型画作。故选D。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Happ’s views of Wrigley Field became the project, Through My Eyes, in which fans could purchase prints. The money made in this way went toward those people in need.(Happ看瑞格利球场的视野成为了Through My Eyes这个项目，球迷可以在这个项目中购买印刷品。通过这种方式赚到的钱都捐给了那些需要帮助的人)”可知，Through My Eyes项目的目的是做慈善。故选B。 3. 主旨大意题。根据第四段内容，尤其是“Happ had to explain to Vale the importance of the 400-foot sign in the center field and the famous manual scoreboard. He had to teach him the correct positioning of the players. He also explained what it felt like standing in the field under the bright lights with a loud crowd.(Happ不得不向Vale解释中场400英尺的标志和著名的手动计分板的重要性。他必须教他正确的球员位置。他还解释了站在明亮的灯光下和喧闹的人群在一起的感觉)”可知，本段主要讲述Happ如何向Vale介绍瑞格利球场。故选D。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Vale took pictures and used them to help him create drawings in great detail. He was very modest and would send rough drawings to Happ, who would mark them up in red ink, like a teacher, with suggestions.(Vale拍了照片，并用它们来帮助他创作非常详细的图纸。他很谦虚，会把画得很粗糙的画寄给Happ，Happ会像老师一样，用红墨水在画上做记号，并提出建议)”可知，Vale很谦虚。故选A。 单元话题4 诗歌 (2024-2025学年高二上·河南焦作·期中)Imagine you’re walking through a forest, and the path turns into two different routes. How do you pick which route to walk, and how do you feel about the one you don’t choose? These are key themes in Robert Frost’s famous 1915 poem, The Road Not Taken. Frost was born in San Francisco in 1874, and is remembered as one of the greatest American poets. His poems explore things like morality and self-discovery, as well as nature and rural life. However, The Road Not Taken was actually written as a joke about another poet, Edward Thomas. Frost lived for a period in England, where he became friends with Thomas. The two would take long walks in the countryside together, and Thomas often had trouble choosing which way to go. When Frost read the poem to a group of college students, they took it seriously, unaware of its playful origins. Of course, Frost did say to them, “I’m never more serious than when joking.” The poet’s choices can act as an extended metaphor(隐喻) for the choices we all have to make in life. In the poem, the poet talks about regretting that they can’t take both paths - just as choosing one path in life often means other options become impossible. In the end, the poet chooses the road that looks “less traveled by”, which many readers take as making the poem contain more about individualism too - doing things your own way, not as everyone else does. The poem became more serious thanks to World War I. Frost left England to avoid the war, but Thomas couldn’t decide whether to stay and fight or to follow Frost to America. In 1915, Frost sent the poem to Thomas. And while it wasn’t the only reason Thomas finally decided to fight in the war, he felt it was making fun of his indecision. 1. What inspired Frost to write the poem The Road Not Taken? A. The countryside life. B. One of his friends. C. His difficulty in making choices. D. His eagerness for self-discovery. 2. What did Frost’s words “I’m never more serious than when joking” suggest? A. The poem contained some hidden meanings. B. The poem was not meant to be taken seriously. C. He did not regard his own writing as important. D. He put lots of efforts into the creation of the poem. 3. How do many readers interpret the poet’s choice of the road? A. A way of displaying individualism. B. A representation of life’s unavoidable challenges. C. A piece of advice about following others’ choices. D. An expression of regret for not taking the other path. 4. What lesson can be learned from the story behind The Road Not Taken? A. Humor has no place in the serious works of literature. B. It is important to think over something said by poets. C. Even good friends can finally take separate paths. D. Even the most playful creation can become something significant. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. A 4. D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了 Frost 创作的 The Road Not Taken这首诗以及其背后的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“However, The Road Not Taken was actually written as a joke about another poet, Edward Thomas. Frost lived for a period in England, where he became friends with Thomas. The two would take long walks in the countryside together, and Thomas often had trouble choosing which way to go. (然而，《未选之路》实际上是一个关于另一位诗人爱德华·托马斯的笑话。弗罗斯特在英国住过一段时间，在那里他和托马斯成了朋友。两人经常一起在乡间散步，托马斯常常不知道该走哪条路。)”可知，Frost 最初创作这首诗是受到一个朋友的启发。故选B。 2. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The poet’s choices can act as an extended metaphor (隐喻) for the choices we all have to make in life. In the poem, the poet talks about regretting that they can’t take both paths - just as choosing one path in life often means other options become impossible. In the end, the poet chooses the road that looks “less traveled by”, which many readers take as making the poem contain more about individualism too - doing things your own way, not as everyone else does. (诗人的选择可以作为我们在生活中必须做出的选择的延伸隐喻。在这首诗中，诗人谈到了他们不能两条路都走的遗憾——就像在生活中选择一条路往往意味着其他选择变得不可能一样。最后，诗人选择了一条看起来“人迹罕至”的道路，许多读者认为这使得这首诗也包含了更多的个人主义——以自己的方式做事，而不是像其他人那样。)”可知，这首诗并不仅仅是为了取笑朋友而作，相反，它蕴含着深刻的人生哲理，可知， Frost对学生说这样的话，暗示着这首诗有深刻的内涵。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“In the end, the poet chooses the road that looks “less traveled by”, which many readers take as making the poem contain more about individualism too - doing things your own way, not as everyone else does. (最后，诗人选择了一条看起来“人迹罕至”的道路，许多读者认为这使得这首诗也包含了更多的个人主义——以自己的方式做事，而不是像其他人那样。)”可知，许多读者认为诗人对道路的选择是一种个人主义的表达。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The poem became more serious thanks to World War I. Frost left England to avoid the war, but Thomas couldn’t decide whether to stay and fight or to follow Frost to America. In 1915, Frost sent the poem to Thomas. And while it wasn’t the only reason Thomas finally decided to fight in the war, he felt it was making fun of his indecision. (由于第一次世界大战，这首诗变得更加严肃。弗罗斯特为了躲避战争离开了英国，但托马斯无法决定是留下来战斗还是跟随弗罗斯特去美国。1915年，弗罗斯特把这首诗寄给了托马斯。虽然这不是托马斯最终决定参战的唯一原因，但他觉得这是在取笑他的优柔寡断。)”以及本文主要介绍 The Road Not Taken这首诗的创作背景及其深层内涵，通过介绍告诉读者，即使是出于玩笑或轻松创作的作品，也可能因为读者的解读和时代的变迁而变得具有深远的意义。即故事告诉我们即使是最有趣的创作也能成为有意义的东西。故选D。 单元话题5 社交媒体 The curtain has come down on the “2022 My Spring Festival in Shanghai” and “The Shanghai story-telling activity-epidemic(流行病) prevention and control” short-video contests, initiated by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily in August 2022. The contests have actively attracted thousands of international and Chinese students from many universities. The original work of the short-video producers in Shanghai depicted various parts of this metropolitan(大都市的) city. Behind the scenes, international students spent the Spring Festival with local Chinese friends, and thousands of young people supported Shanghai during the coronavirus outbreak. “Filming short videos gave me a more grateful perspective on life. Using experience gained in the past, we can work together to create a brighter future,” said Yiqing Hu from Fudan University. “The video I produced for the short video contest, featured a whole range of emotions, from despair to joy. Through the experience, I learned the full nature of life under epidemic controls.” Ruonan Lu said, a student from Fudan University. “The Shanghai story-telling activity” has displayed China’s culture, Shanghai’s humanities, technological innovations and ability to hold international people-to-people exchanges. The event saw local members of young people coming together to discuss youth responsibilities during the complex epidemic prevention and control situation. The activity is hosted by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily, which have together formed s type of International Communication. This Shanghai strategic communication organization focuses on accurately communicating China’s culture and message to the rest of the world. It’s hoped that better methods of communication will make it possible to construct a global community with a shared future for humankind. 1. Which one is FLASE about the short-video contests according to the text? A. It attracted both Chinese and foreign students from universities. B. Its works must describe the scenes in Shanghai. C. It witnessed young people’s great responsibility during the epidemic. D. It included showing Chinese culture, buildings, innovations. 2. What can we learn about Ruonan Lu? A. She knew how to control the pandemic. B. She mainly recorded different festival activities. C. Her videos showed all kinds of emotions. D. Her video always expressed a bright attitude. 3. What does the Shanghai communication do? A. It aims to construct a global community. B. It promotes to spread Chinese culture. C. It finds a better way to communicate. D. It achieves a shared future for mankind. 4. Where does the passage most probably come from? A. a novel B. a textbook C. a newspaper D. a magazine 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. C 【语篇解读】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了由上海市政府新闻办公室和中国日报在2022年8月发起的“2022我在上海过春节”和“上海故事讲述活动——防疫”短视频比赛的结束。文中描述了比赛的情况、参与者的活动经历、活动的意义以及主办方对此次活动的期望。 1. 推理判断题。由文章第一段“The curtain has come down on the “2022 My Spring Festival in Shanghai” and “The Shanghai story-telling activity-epidemic (流行病) prevention and control” short-video contests, initiated by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily in August 2022. The contests have actively attracted thousands of international and Chinese students from many universities. The original work of the short-video producers in Shanghai depicted various parts of this metropolitan (大都市的) city. (2022年8月，由上海市新闻办公室和中国日报社联合发起的“2022我在上海过春节”和“上海故事讲述活动——防疫”短视频比赛落下帷幕。这些比赛积极吸引了来自许多大学的数千名国际和中国学生。上海短视频制作人的原创作品描绘了这个大都市的各个部分。)”可知，该短视频比赛吸引了来自大学的中外学生，它的作品必须描述上海的场景，它见证了年轻人在疫情期间的巨大责任。选项D并未提及。故选D项。 2. 细节理解题。由文章第四段““The video I produced for the short video contest, featured a whole range of emotions, from despair to joy. Through the experience, I learned the full nature of life under epidemic controls.” Ruonan Lu said, a student from Fudan University. (“我为短视频比赛制作的视频，展现了从绝望到快乐的各种情绪。通过这次经历，我学到了疫情控制下生活的全部本质。”来自复旦大学的学生鲁若楠说。)”可知，她的视频展示了各种各样的情感。故选C项。 3. 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“This Shanghai strategic communication organization focuses on accurately communicating China’s culture and message to the rest of the world. (这家位于上海的战略传播机构专注于将中国的文化和信息准确地传播到世界各地。)”可知，它致力于传播中国文化。故选B项。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据文章第一段“The curtain has come down on the “2022 My Spring Festival in Shanghai” and “The Shanghai story-telling activity-epidemic (流行病) prevention and control” short-video contests, initiated by the Information Office of Shanghai Municipality and China Daily in August 2022. The contests have actively attracted thousands of international and Chinese students from many universities. The original work of the short-video producers in Shanghai depicted various parts of this metropolitan (大都市的) city. (2022年8月，由上海市新闻办公室和中国日报社联合发起的“2022我在上海的春节”和“上海讲故事活动——疫情防控”短视频比赛落下帷幕。这些比赛积极吸引了来自许多大学的数千名国际和中国学生。上海短视频制作人的原创作品描绘了这个大都市的各个部分。)”可知，这是一篇关于活动报道的文章，提到了比赛、学生参与情况以及活动目的等，最有可能来源于报纸。故选C项。 单元话题6 体育奥运 In the sport of track and field, athletes compete not only with one another but against themselves, and in each race they try to achieve the new personal best. For one Nebraska teen running in what would likely to be his final cross-country outing before graduating from high school, his personal best turned out not to be marking the fastest time but displaying the biggest heart. Although it was a long shot when he came out from the starting position last Thursday, Brandon Schutt from Bellevue East High School knew if his time was good enough that day, he still had the potential to qualify for the upcoming state meet. A mile into the 3.1-mile race, however, Schutt realized he wasn’t going to be able to keep up the necessary momentum(势头). Rather than risking injury, he slowed to a comfortable pace that would allow him to simply get pleasure from the moment and the day. Meanwhile, Blake Cerveny from Omaha Burke High School was running a very different kind of race. Aiming to beat his own personal record, after a fast start, he continued to push himself hard. With less than 400 meters to go, Cerveny’s legs cramped up (抽筋), but he didn’t give up. Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 150 meters and again…About 100 meters away from the finish line, he lay curled on the ground. His legs had simply given out. Before Cerveny’s dad could reach his son, Brandon Schutt was at his side to offer a helping hand. The two completed the final meters of the course. Schutt even made sure the injured runner crossed the finish line first, securing his opponent a faster time. In today’s competitive world, while the emphasis in athletics is so often on breaking records, it is inspiring to see an athlete like Brandon Schutt. 1. What does the underlined phrase “a long shot” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Simple to compete. B. Unlikely to succeed. C. Exciting to be qualified. D. Surprising to break records. 2. Why did Brandon Schutt slow down after a mile? A. To enjoy the competition. B. To help Blake Cerveny. C. To have a final push. D. To examine his wounds. 3. What can we learn about Blake Cerveny in the race? A. He didn’t cross the finish line. B. He was generous to help others. C. He was affected by his physical disability. D. He was a person of determination. 4. What is the best title of the passage? A. The Importance of Perseverance B. The Love for Sports C. The Value of True Sportsmanship D. The Sport of Track and Field 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在高中毕业前的一场内布拉斯加州青少年越野跑中，Brandon Schutt的个人成绩虽然不是最好的，但他帮助受伤的竞争对手Blake Cerveny冲向终点的行为展示了真正的体育精神。 1. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“his personal best turned out not to be marking the fastest time(他的个人最好成绩不是最快的成绩)”和划线部分下文“Brandon Schutt from Bellevue East High School knew if his time was good enough that day, he still had the potential to qualify for the upcoming state meet.(上周四，来自Bellevue East高中的Brandon Schutt知道，如果那天他的表现足够好，他仍然有可能获得即将到来的州际锦标赛的资格)”可知，Brandon Schutt的成绩不是最快的，他认为如果自己表现好，依然有可能获得州际锦标赛的资格，Although引导的让步状语从句和主句内容有转折、让步关系，故推测此处指“虽然他从首发位置上出来时不太可能成功”，故it was a long shot意为“不可能成功”，故选B。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Rather than risking injury, he slowed to a comfortable pace that would allow him to simply get pleasure from the moment and the day.(与其冒着受伤的风险，他放慢了节奏，让自己从当下和每一天中得到快乐)”可知，Brandon Schutt在一英里后放慢速度是为了享受比赛，故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段“With less than 400 meters to go, Cerveny’s legs cramped up (抽筋), but he didn’t give up. Cerveny rose from the ground and continued on, only to fall again after another 150 meters and again…About 100 meters away from the finish line, he lay curled on the ground. His legs had simply given out.(在距离终点不到400米的时候，Cerveny的腿抽筋了，但他没有放弃。Cerveny从地上站起来，继续跑，但又跑了150米，又一次摔倒……离终点线大约100米的地方，他蜷缩在地上。他的腿完全没有力气了)”可知，Blake Cerveny在腿抽筋后没有放弃，摔倒了也坚持跑，故他是一个有坚定决心的人，故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段“In today’s competitive world, while the emphasis in athletics is so often on breaking records, it is inspiring to see an athlete like Brandon Schutt.(在当今竞争激烈的世界里，虽然体育运动的重点经常是打破记录，但看到像Brandon Schutt这样的运动员还是令人鼓舞的)”可知，文章主要讲述了在高中毕业前的一场内布拉斯加州青少年越野跑中，Brandon Schutt的个人成绩虽然不是最好的，但他帮助受伤的竞争对手Blake Cerveny冲向终点的行为展示了真正的体育精神。C项“真正的体育精神的价值”为最佳标题，故选C。 单元话题7 医疗健康 (2024-2025学年高二上·云南·阶段练习)Artificial intelligence (AI) technology may soon be a useful tool for doctors. It may help them better understand and treat diseases like breast cancer in ways that were never before possible. Rishi Rawat teaches AI at the University of Southern California’s (USC) Clinical Science Center in Los Angeles. He is part of a team of scientists who are researching how AI and machine learning can more easily recognize cancerous growths in the breast. Rawat provides information about cancer cells to a computer. He says, “This data helps the machine learn. You can put the data into machines and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that is important to making decisions.” David Agus is another USC researcher. He believes that machines are not going to take the place of doctors. He says, “Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can’t recognize by itself.” Once a confirmed cancerous growth is removed, doctors still have to treat the patient to reduce the risk of cancer returning. The form of treatment depends on the kind of cancer. Currently, researchers take a thin piece of tissue, put it on a small piece of glass and add color to better see the cells. That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say AI can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns, or structures, and learn how the cells are organized. The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. Agus adds, “All of a sudden, we have the computing power to really do it in real time. We didn’t have the computing power to do this several years ago, but now it’s all changed.” The USC’s researchers are now only studying breast cancer. But doctors predict AI will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer. 1. What is the key to the learning of AI according to the text? A. The input of data. B. The patterns of machines. C. Computers’ recognition ability. D. Scientists’ continuous research. 2. What is the advantage of AI in identifying cancer compared to traditional practices? A. It will cost less money. B. It will become more effective. C. It will relieve patients’ suffering. D. It will correct personal mistakes. 3. What does Agus think of the technology? A. It’s satisfactory. B. It’s worrying. C. It’s complex. D. It’s conventional. 4. Which word can best describe the technology? A. User-friendly. B. Integrated. C. Promising. D. Challenging. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人工智能技术可以通过机器学习帮助医生更快速、准确地识别和治疗癌症，尽管它不会取代医生，但为医疗决策提供了强大的支持，展示了其在癌症治疗中的巨大潜力。 1. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“This data helps the machine learn. You can put the data into machines and they will learn the patterns and the pattern recognition that is important to making decisions. (这些数据有助于机器学习。你可以把数据输入机器，它们会学习模式和模式识别，这对决策很重要)”可知，数据帮助机器识别模式并做出决策。由此可知，人工智能学习的关键在于数据的输入。故选A项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“That process could take days or even longer. Scientists say AI can do something better than just count cells. Through machine learning, it can recognize complex patterns, or structures, and learn how the cells are organized. The hope is that machines will soon be able to make a quick identification of cancer that is free of human mistakes. (这个过程可能需要几天甚至更长时间。科学家表示，人工智能可以做比数细胞更好的事情。通过机器学习，它可以识别复杂的模式或结构，并了解细胞是如何组织的。人们希望，机器很快就能在没有人类错误的情况下快速识别癌症)”可知，人工智能不仅可以计数细胞，还能学习识别复杂的模式，并快速识别癌症，避免人为错误。这表明人工智能在识别癌症方面比传统方法更有效率。故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中Agus所说的话“Computers will not treat patients, but they will help make certain decisions and look for things that the human brain can’t recognize by itself. (计算机不会治疗病人，但它们会帮助做出某些决定，并寻找人类大脑自身无法识别的东西)”和第六段中Agus所说的话“All of a sudden, we have the computing power to really do it in real time. We didn’t have the computing power to do this several years ago, but now it’s all changed. (突然之间，我们就有了实时计算的能力。几年前我们还没有计算能力做到这一点，但现在一切都变了)”可知，Agus承认这项技术可以辅助医生做决策，其计算能力非常强大。这表明他对这项技术是满意的态度。故选A项。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“The USC’s researchers are now only studying breast cancer. But doctors predict AI will one day make a difference in all forms of cancer. (南加州大学的研究人员现在只研究乳腺癌。但医生预测，人工智能总有一天会对所有类型的癌症产生影响)”可知，人工智能技术被描述为能够帮助医生更好地理解和治疗癌症，尤其是在识别癌症方面具有显著优势，研究人员对人工智能在癌症治疗中的未来应用充满希望。因此，这项技术很有前景。故选C项。 单元话题8 科学技术 (2024-2025学年高二上·辽宁·阶段练习)While AI can beat us at chess, drive cars, and even compose music, making us laugh seems to be its final frontier(边界). My musical comedy, Artificially Intelligent, was inspired by the time I asked AI to write me a show based on my life, and it gave me some madly terrible results. I performed some of its materials in the show, and I even made AI write a song for an audience member live on the spot, and it was always funny in its terribleness. It generated songs telling the audience member who is a doctor to hit the eyes of her co-worker who she is always arguing with. However, this wasn’t independent thinking; we had to feed AI as much information as possible to get any results from it. When it comes to actually getting AI to craft jokes on its own, it can’t. The problem with AI and comedy is its lack of human nuance(细微差别) for humor. AI might be able to create a joke structure, but it does not have the ability to pull from personal experience. It lacks a point of view, situational awareness, context, and cultural awareness needed for good comedy. Irony (讽刺), a complex form of human communication, is hard for AI because of its reliance on context, tone, and cultural knowledge. Unlike humans, AI can’t infer meaning beyond clear statements. Irony involves saying one thing but meaning another, relying on shared context, but AI only processes text and can’t pick up audio and visual cues for irony. AI must signal it’s making a joke. As of now, though AI has made impressive progress in some areas, it is absolutely not funny, but in the future theoretically yes. When technology advances to the point where robots are walking around with free will and independent thinking, experiencing life and potentially even emotions, they would theoretically begin to have enough viewpoints to create comedy, or an activity that voices their experience of being an AI. However, this would create its own culture and would only be relatable to other AIs. The truth is that audiences are really enjoying the AI-generated material in my show, even if the joke is bad. But—technically—does that make it funny? 1. Why does the author mention the comedy Artificially Intelligent? A. To introduce a successful AI comedy. B. To confirm the application of AI in music. C. To illustrate AI’s limitation in making jokes. D. To recommend the musical comedy to readers. 2. What does the author try to explain in paragraph 3? A. What AI jokes are made up of. B. Why AI fails to create a good joke actually. C. How AI understands the meaning of irony. D. Whether AI can learn from funny experiences. 3. What does the author think of AI in the future? A. It will relate its culture to humans. B. It will teach itself the theory of comedy. C. It will be free to express others’ feelings. D. It will develop its own culture of humor. 4. What’s the best title for the text? A. Will AI ever be funny? B. Is AI going to learn to laugh? C. Is AI the future of entertainment? D. Will AI be the pioneer in new fields? 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人工智能(AI)在制作幽默内容方面所面临的挑战，尤其是其在理解讽刺、细微差别和文化背景等方面的局限性以及未来的可能性。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My musical comedy, Artificially Intelligent, was inspired by the time I asked AI to write me a show based on my life, and it gave me some madly terrible results.(我的音乐喜剧《人工智能》的灵感来自于我让人工智能根据我的生活为我写一个节目，它给了我一些非常糟糕的结果。)”以及“When it comes to actually getting AI to craft jokes on its own, it can’t.(当真正让AI自己创造笑话时，它做不到。)”可知，作者提到这个喜剧是为了说明人工智能在制作笑话方面的局限性。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“The problem with AI and comedy is its lack of human nuance (细微差别) for humor.(AI和喜剧的问题在于其缺乏人类对幽默的细微差别。)”以及“Irony involves saying one thing but meaning another, relying on shared context, but AI only processes text and can’t pick up audio and visual cues for irony.(讽刺涉及说一件事但意味着另一件事，依赖于共享的上下文，而AI仅处理文本，无法获取音频和视觉信号来理解讽刺。)”可知，本段主要解释了为什么AI实际上无法创造出好的笑话。故选B 3. 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“When technology advances to the point where robots are walking around with free will and independent thinking, experiencing life and potentially even emotions, they would theoretically begin to have enough viewpoints to create comedy, or an activity that voices their experience of being an AI. However, this would create its own culture and would only be relatable to other AIs.(当技术进步到机器人可以自由行走、独立思考、体验生活甚至可能有情感的程度时，理论上它们就会开始有足够的观点来创作喜剧，或者通过一种活动来表达它们作为人工智能的体验。然而，这将创造自己的文化，并且只与其他AI相关。)”可推知，作者认为未来的AI将会发展自身的幽默文化。故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。文章讲述了人工智能(AI)在制作幽默内容方面所面临的挑战，尤其是其在理解讽刺、细微差别和文化背景等方面的局限性以及未来的可能性。最佳标题应为“AI会变得幽默吗？”。故选A。 单元话题1 健康饮食-食物文化 (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏宿迁·期中)With a rising awareness of health and well-being, traditional Chinese medicine cuisine is gaining popularity among young people in China. Like Tong Ren Tang, many leading TCM companies are investing in the food sector, tapping into the potential of a market yet to be fully explored. On the one hand, young people in China joke about themselves being “crispy skin youngsters”, mocking their poor health. In fact, it’s more a complaint about stress and depression from overwork. On the other hand, young Chinese want to stay healthy but feel it’s hard to abandon unhealthy habits such as staying up late and eating junk food. Therefore, products that claim to be able to balance good taste and benefit health are favored, experts said. Shi Jingwen,20, barely drinks milk tea, unlike most women her age, because she said she places a high value on health in terms of diet. But she would like to try a cup of almond tofu and osmanthus tea by Tea of Seasons, a herbal beverage brand created in 2022 by a time-honored Beijing TCM provider. “Their products can provide people with a healthy enjoyment both physically and mentally. For example, products like their mung bean soup introduced in the summer better meet people’s needs for cooling down during the hot season. This can also provide a sense of comfort in one’s healthy diet,” she said. She added that the products also inherit traditional Chinese culture, which is special. However, the use of TCM cuisine should take into consideration one’s age, gender, weight and other factors, as well as the different seasons, Experts said, adding that a small intake each time is preferred. As for whether TCM cuisine can truly benefit health or is just a marketing method, it depends on whether it’s a reasonable matching of ingredients and the amount in each product. You cannot truly count on TCM cuisine to significantly improve health. If you really feel uncomfortable, you’d better go to hospital. Kathy Jiang, a partner expert of global consultancy Roland Berger, said young consumers are increasingly drawn to TCM cuisine due to a heightened health consciousness, cultural pride and its compatibility with modern lifestyles. 1. What is the special about TCM products? A. It can serve as pills. B. It adds delicious ingredients. C. It mixes with junk food. D. It inherits traditional Chinese culture. 2. What is the expert’s suggestion for people suffering from illness? A. Seeing a doctor. B. Burning off calories. C. Having favored dishes. D. Taking TCM products. 3. Why does TCM cuisine gain popularity among young people in China? A. The products save money. B. Young people have unhealthy habits. C. Young people have stress and depression. D. The products meet people’s physical and mental needs. 4. What would be the suitable title for the text? A. TCM Products: Modern Diets for Health-conscious Young people. B. TCM Products: Best Medicines for Health-conscious Young people. C. TCM Products: Practical Welfare for Health-conscious Young people. D. TCM Products: Unique necessities for Health-conscious Young people. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. D 4. A 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述传统中医菜肴在中国年轻人中越来越受欢迎。 1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She added that the products also inherit traditional Chinese culture, which is special.(她补充说，这些产品还继承了中国传统文化，这很特别)”可知，中药产品的特别之处在于它继承了传统的中国文化。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“If you really feel uncomfortable, you’d better go to hospital.(如果你真的感到不舒服，最好去医院)”可知，专家建议如果生病了就去看医生。故选A。 3. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Their products can provide people with a healthy enjoyment both physically and mentally.(他们的产品可以为人们提供身心健康的享受)”可知，中医产品产品满足了人们的身心需求，故中医菜肴受到欢迎。故选D。 4. 主旨大意题。根据全文内容，结合第一段中国“With a rising awareness of health and well-being, traditional Chinese medicine cuisine is gaining popularity among young people in China.(随着人们对健康和幸福的意识不断增强，传统中医菜肴在中国年轻人中越来越受欢迎)”和最后一段“Kathy Jiang, a partner expert of global consultancy Roland Berger, said young consumers are increasingly drawn to TCM cuisine due to a heightened health consciousness, cultural pride and its compatibility with modern lifestyles.(全球咨询公司Roland Berger的合伙人专家Kathy Jiang表示，由于健康意识的增强、文化自豪感以及与现代生活方式的契合，越来越多的年轻消费者被中医美食所吸引)”可知，文章主要讲述传统中医菜肴在中国年轻人中越来越受欢迎，A项“中药产品：关注健康的年轻人的现代饮食”为最佳标题。故选A。 单元话题2 音乐舞蹈 (2024-2025学年高二上·湖南长沙·期中)When Adele released(发行) her 2011 single Someone Like You, this bittersweet song is popular with millions worldwide. More than a decade later, it remains one of her most popular songs. Her artistry, as well as that of many others who have mastered the art of making listeners feel moved with slow and emotional beats, has a way of managing the emotional pain of heartbreak and loss. Listening to favorite songs could also reduce people’s feelings of pain, according to a new study published in the journal Frontiers in Pain Research. And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet and emotional experiences. “It doesn’t take the place of medicine when you have a headache, but music can help reduce your pain,” said Patrick Stroman, a professor at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario. He didn’t join in the study. “Unlike other medications,” he noted, “there is no side effect or risk in listening to music (just keep the volume at a reasonable level).” The small study invited 63 young adults to bring one of their favorite songs. The researchers also had the young adults pick one of seven songs that the team considered relaxing and were unfamiliar to the study participants. All the while, the researchers stuck a hot object — similar to the pain of a boiling hot teacup on the participants’ skin — to their left inner forearms. When rating their experiences, people were more likely to report feeling less pain when listening to their favorite songs compared with hearing the unfamiliar relaxing songs. With millions of songs available, one person’s favorite song is likely not the same as another. After interviewing the participants about the song they brought and their rating of pain, the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with calming or cheerful themes(主题). “It’s a very cool result,” said lead study author Darius Valevicius, a doctoral student of neurosciences at the University of Montreal. “I think it’s why I myself and probably many people choose to listen to bittersweet or even spiritual music.” 1. Why does the author mention Adele in the first paragraph? A. To reach a conclusion. B. To lead in the topic. C. To offer a suggestion. D. To provide the background. 2. What is Stroman’s attitude to the effect of listening to music? A. Doubtful. B. Positive. C. Unclear. D. Unconcerned. 3. How did the people who listened to bittersweet and moving sons feel? A. They felt less pain. B. They felt stressful. C. They felt upset. D. They felt unhappy. 4. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. When Is the Best Time to Listen to Music? B. How Do You Create Popular Songs Quickly? C. The Best Way to Reduce Pain Might Be to Write Music. D. Certain Types of Music Could Help You Feel Less Pain. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. A 4. D 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现——某些类型的音乐能够帮助你减轻痛苦。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段“When Adele released (发行) her 2011 single Someone Like You, this bittersweet song is popular with millions worldwide. More than a decade later, it remains one of her most popular songs. Her artistry, as well as that of many others who have mastered the art of making listeners feel moved with slow and emotional beats, has a way of managing the emotional pain of heartbreak and loss.(当阿黛尔在2011年发行单曲《Someone Like You》时，这首苦乐参半的歌曲受到了全球数百万人的欢迎。十多年后，这首歌仍然是她最受欢迎的歌曲之一。她的艺术，以及其他许多掌握了用缓慢而情绪化的节奏让听众感到感动的艺术的人，有一种管理心碎和失去的情感痛苦的方法)”可推断，作者在第一段提到Adele是为了引出话题，说明她的音乐能够引起听众的情感共鸣，并引出音乐对减轻疼痛的研究。故选B项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段““It doesn’t take the place of medicine when you have a headache, but music can help reduce your pain,” said Patrick Stroman, a professor at Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario. He didn’t join in the study. “Unlike other medications,” he noted, “there is no side effect or risk in listening to music (just keep the volume at a reasonable level).(当你头痛时，音乐不能代替药物，但音乐可以帮助减轻你的疼痛，”安大略省金斯敦皇后大学的教授帕特里克·斯特罗斯曼说。他没有参加这项研究。“与其他药物不同，”他指出，“听音乐没有副作用或风险(只需将音量保持在合理的水平)。”)”可知，Stroman对于听音乐减轻痛苦的效果持积极的态度。故选B项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段“the researchers found people who listened to bittersweet and moving songs felt less pain than when they listened to songs with calming or cheerful themes (主题).(研究人员发现，听苦乐参半且动人的歌曲的人比听平静或欢快主题歌曲的人感觉疼痛更少)”可知，听苦乐参半且动人的歌曲的人比听平静或欢快主题歌曲的人感觉疼痛更少，即他们感觉疼痛减轻了。故选A。 4. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Listening to favorite songs could also reduce people’s feelings of pain, according to a new study published in the journal Frontiers in Pain Research. And the most effective pain relievers were found to be sad songs detailing bittersweet and emotional experiences.(根据发表在《疼痛研究前沿》杂志上的一项新研究，听喜欢的歌曲也可以减少人们的疼痛感。研究发现，最有效的止痛药是描述苦乐参半和情感经历的悲伤歌曲)”可知，某些类型的音乐能够帮助你减轻痛苦。故短文的标题为“某些类型的音乐可以帮助你减轻疼痛”。故选D项。 单元话题3 美术与摄影 (2024-2025学年高二上·山东威海·期中)By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen was well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local art center, displaying his series titled “Dispositions”, which illustrated his own growth during adolescence(青少年). Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his work in a juried(评审) exhibition, where a group of art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That was when he had trouble, discovering in the application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a motivation for creation. “I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, which is now profitable enough to make ends meet by charging a small hanging fee for any displayed work. In turn, Little EGG help promote young talents by displaying their works. Not long after opening, David Griffin, a professor and artist of Ontario College of Art and Design University stepped into the gallery and met Nalin. Griffin regarded him as someone special: “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea — creating a space for showing the natural genius of young people. It was a void(空白) in the art world.” There Nalin asked Griffin to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and five-year-old Jack Gamble won for his abstract painting titled Pokemon. As Nalin is busy with school, life and his own art, Little EGG is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still devoted to growing it with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. 1. What do we know about Nalin from the first two paragraphs? A. He became a working artist at 13. B. Art experts sang high praise for his works. C. He was disqualified for a juried exhibition. D. Teenagers’ growth was the theme of his works. 2. Why did Nalin decide to set up Little EGG Gallery? A. To earn money to support his parents. B. To show artists’ talent through themed shows. C. To form the connection between different galleries. D. To show young artists’ talent by offering them a stage. 3. Which of the following can best describe Nalin’s idea of opening the gallery? A. Pioneering. B. Romantic. C. Popular. D. Incredible. 4. In which column of a magazine is this text most likely to appear? A. Figure. B. Opinion. C. Culture. D. Lifestyle. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了少年艺术家Nalin Kamat在遇到参赛年龄限制后，创建Little EGG Gallery以展示年轻人才艺的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen was well on his way to becoming a working artist.(到13岁时，多伦多的青少年Nalin Kamat已经走在成为职业艺术家的路上)”及第二段“Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his work in a juried exhibition, where a group of art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That was when he had trouble, discovering in the application that the minimum age for submission was 18(然而他想要更多——具体来说，就是开始参加评审展览，在那里一组艺术专家将通过竞争性审查程序评估并选择作品。那时他遇到了困难，在申请中发现提交作品的最低年龄要求是18岁)”可知，Nalin Kamat因为年龄问题而被取消了参加评审展览的资格。故选C。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第三段““I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, which is now profitable enough to make ends meet by charging a small hanging fee for any displayed work. In turn, Little EGG help promote young talents by displaying their works.(“我觉得如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供这样的机会，那会非常酷。”现在15岁的Nalin说道。在父母的支持下，2023年1月，Nalin创办了Little EGG Gallery，如今它已经能够通过收取少量的挂画费用来维持运营。反过来，Little EGG通过展示他们的作品来帮助推广年轻人才)”可知，他创办Little EGG Gallery的目的是为了给年轻艺术家提供一个展示才华的舞台。故选D。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Griffin regarded him as someone special: “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea — creating a space for showing the natural genius of young people. It was a void in the art world.(Griffin认为他是一个特别的人：“一位强大的年轻艺术家，有着非常出色的想法——创造一个空间来展示年轻人的自然天赋。这是艺术界的一片空白”)”可知，Nalin的想法填补了艺术界的一个空白，故他的想法是开创性的。故选A。 4. 推理判断题。通读全篇，文章主要讲述了少年艺术家Nalin Kamat在遇到参赛年龄限制后，创建Little EGG Gallery以展示年轻人才艺的故事，最可能出现在杂志的人物专栏。故选A。 单元话题4 诗歌 (2024-2025学年高二上·福建厦门·期中)Imagine finding yourself in a spoken word event (also known as performance poetry). You’re attracted by the performer on stage as he conveys his deepest thoughts to the room: Today I bought you flowers, How strange meanings can change, What was once a symbol of joy is now one of pain, A universal language for when you don’t know what to say. The crowd is attentive but far from silent. Throughout the performance, you hear clapping and cheers, expressing approval of specific lines. And then the poem ends with thunderous applause and the poet returns to his seat. The performance has ended, but its energy continues to exist throughout the night. Spoken word events are far from your standard poetry reading. Many people today think of poetry as a silent, individual act but it actually started as an oral (口头的) tradition. Before mass literacy, poems and stories were shared verbally and performed to the public. In modern times, mass media provided audiences with alternative means of entertainment and the art of storytelling declined. The recent and increasing popularity of the spoken word is poetry returning to its oral roots. The spoken word helps people achieve healing and emotional balance. It shares many benefits with written poetry, including helping us organize our thoughts, process our emotions and promote self-reflection. However, it’s not just the sharing of poetry that is healing. It’s the connections that form between the audience and the poet. This adds to the degree of social connection, which is central to the essence of spoken word poetry. Poets can be themselves in this safe space, where they avoid being judged and laughed at. The feeling of healing also applies to audience members who relate to the poet’s words. Hearing someone who is going through the same feelings or experiences that you are going through or have experienced in the past can make you feel less alone and more connected to others, knowing that the struggles are shared. The spoken word is an unbelievably accessible art form. There are very few rules, and the form is interpreted fairly broadly. As long as you are performing an original piece which doesn’t include any offensive (冒犯的) content, it will be accepted at a spoken word event. 1. Why is the scene of a performance mentioned in the first paragraph? A. To draw readers’ attention to the spoken word. B. To call on audience to participate in the event. C. To inform the content of a spoken word event. D. To highlight the importance of spoken word poetry. 2. What does the word “verbally” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. In private. B. On stage. C. In spoken words. D. With enthusiasm. 3. What’s the core of spoken word poetry according to the passage? A. The sharing of individual poems among performers. B. The same feelings and experiences connecting people. C. The promotion of self-reflection and emotional balance. D. The extent of relationships between the poets and audience. 4. What is the best title of the passage? A. Reading Aloud in Public B. More Than Poetry Reading C. A New Kind of Spoken Events D. The Popularity of the Spoken Word 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. B 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了口语诗歌的特点、起源以及它对人们的好处。 1. 推理判断题。根据第一段关键句“Imagine finding yourself in a spoken word event (also known as performance poetry). (想象一下，你发现自己处于一个口语诗歌中(也称为表演诗))”可知，第一段介绍了口语诗歌的热烈场面；根据倒数第三段关键句“Spoken word events are far from your standard poetry reading. (口语诗歌远非你的标准诗歌阅读)”和倒数第二段关键句“The spoken word helps people achieve healing and emotional balance. (口语诗歌有助于人们实现治愈和情感平衡)”可知，文章接下来具体介绍了什么是口语诗歌及其好处，由此可知，第一段提到表演的场景是为了吸引读者注意口语诗歌。故选A项。 2. 词句猜测题。根据画线单词上文“Many people today think of poetry as a silent, individual act but it actually started as an oral (口头的) tradition. (今天，许多人认为诗歌是一种无声的、个人的行为，但实际上它最初是一种口头传统)”可知，诗歌最初是一种口头传统，由此可知，画线单词所在句指“以前诗歌是口头分享和向公众表演的”，“In spoken words”意为“口头上”，能够表达画线单词在句中所要表达的意思。故选C项。 3. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段关键句“It’s the connections that form between the audience and the poet. This adds to the degree of social connection, which is central to the essence of spoken word poetry. (这是观众和诗人之间形成的联系。这增加了社会联系的程度，这是口语诗本质的核心)”可知，观众和诗人之间形成的联系的程度是口语诗本质的核心，由此可知，口语诗的核心是诗人和听众之间的关系程度。故选D项。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合倒数第二段关键句“The spoken word helps people achieve healing and emotional balance. It shares many benefits with written poetry, including helping us organize our thoughts, process our emotions and promote self-reflection. However, it’s not just the sharing of poetry that is healing. It’s the connections that form between the audience and the poet. (口语有助于人们实现治愈和情感平衡。它与书面诗歌有很多好处，包括帮助我们组织思想、处理情绪和促进自我反思。然而，治愈的不仅仅是诗歌的分享。这是观众和诗人之间形成的联系)”可知，文章主要介绍了口语诗歌的特点、起源以及对人们的疗愈作用，它不只是简单的诗歌朗读，“More Than Poetry Reading”意为“不仅仅是诗歌朗读”，能够概括文章内容。故选B项。 单元话题5 社交媒体 In this new digital era, farmers are finding ways to keep pace with the times while still holding fast to their traditions. In the quiet and excluded parts of rural China, Xiang Qing, a man born in 1990, leads a life quite unlike the noisy urban existence that defines modernity. His home is Guzhang county, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao autonomous region, which is located deep in western Hunan province. Xiang Qing and his 23-year-old nephew, Xiang Hong, jointly operate a video channel called “Shan Bai”. Through their videos, they showcase handicrafts and rural life in China, fascinating many young urban viewers. “Life here unfolds at its own pace. We grow crops and vegetables and occasionally purchase meat at the market,” Xiang Qing said. “I’ve come across numerous comments from people who watch our videos while lying in bed at night after a busy day of work, finding them truly relaxing and comforting. I think it’s great, and it’s in line with our initial intentions.” Five years ago, Xiang Qing quit his job as a customer service representative in Shanghai and returned to his hometown in Guzhang county, starting a new journey as a video blogger. “Back in 2012, when I was a college student, film-making aroused my passion, and it has continued to be a profound and enduring interest,” he said. Following in his uncle’s footsteps, Xiang Hong made the same life-changing decision. Having graduated from college last year, he also returned to his hometown in April from Changde, a city in Hunan, and ventured into the world of video production alongside his uncle. Now their video channel Shan Bai has attracted more than 59.8 million followers. Xiang Qing designs, films, and edits the videos himself. Xiang Hong serves as the video presenter. Long Lingling, Xiang Qing’s wife, manages the day-to-day operations of the video account, and other family members also contribute to the video production process in different ways. 1. Why do Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong work as video bloggers? A. To pursue personal fame and wealth. B. To promote the business of film-making. C. To financially support their whole family. D. To popularize the lifestyle in their hometown. 2. What can we learn about Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong? A. Xiang Qing influenced Xiang Hong’s career option. B. Xiao Hong quit his first job and switched to video making. C. They reached a decision of returning to hometown together. D. They got involved in each step of the video production process. 3. Which of the following best describes Xiang Qing and Xiang Hong? A. Modest and responsible. B. Diligent and optimistic. C. Devoted and innovative. D. Ambitious and demanding. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了向清和向洪叔侄俩通过制作视频博客，展示中国的手工艺品和乡村生活，吸引了众多年轻城市观众的关注。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Through their videos, they showcase handicrafts and rural life in China, fascinating many young urban viewers.(通过他们的视频，他们展示了中国的手工艺品和乡村生活，吸引了许多年轻的城市观众。)”可知，他们制作视频博客是为了推广家乡的生活方式。故选D项。 2. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Five years ago, Xiang Qing quit his job as a customer service representative in Shanghai and returned to his hometown in Guzhang county, starting a new journey as a video blogger.(五年前，向清辞去了在上海的客服代表工作，回到了家乡古丈县，开始了视频博主的新征程。)”以及倒数第二段“Following in his uncle's footsteps, Xiang Hong made the same life-changing decision. Having graduated from college last year, he also returned to his hometown in April from Changde, a city in Hunan, and ventured into the world of video production alongside his uncle.(追随叔叔的脚步，向洪做出了同样改变人生的决定。去年大学毕业后，他也于今年 4 月从湖南常德回到家乡，与叔叔一起涉足视频制作领域。)”可知，向清影响了向洪的职业选择。故选A项。 3. 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Now their video channel Shan Bai has attracted more than 59.8 million followers. Xiang Qing designs, films, and edits the videos himself. Xiang Hong serves as the video presenter. Long Lingling, Xiang Qing’s wife, manages the day-to-day operations of the video account, and other family members also contribute to the video production process in different ways.(现在，他们的视频频道“山白”已经吸引了超过 5980 万粉丝。向清自己设计、拍摄和编辑视频。向红担任视频主持人。向清的妻子龙玲玲负责视频账号的日常运营，其他家庭成员也以不同的方式为视频制作过程做出贡献。)”可知，向清和向洪是创新的，他们通过视频博客展示了中国的手工艺品和乡村生活，吸引了众多年轻城市观众的关注。再根据文章第四段““Back in 2012, when I was a college student, film-making aroused my passion, and it has continued to be a profound and enduring interest,” he said.(“早在 2012 年，当我还是一名大学生时，视频制作就激发了我的热情，而且它一直是一种深刻而持久的兴趣，”他说。)”可知，向清和向洪是有激情和奉献精神的，他们对视频制作充满热情，并将其转化为制作视频博客的动力。故选C项。 单元话题6 体育奥运 (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏扬州·开学考试)The 2024 Paris Olympic Games concluded on Aug 11, showcasing the impressive talents of China’s Generation Z athletes across various sports. While they embodied the Olympic motto of “Faster, Higher, Stronger — Together”, there has been a shift in perspectives on winning as a recognition of the true essence of the Olympic spirit. Since the beginning of the Paris 2024 Olympic Games, many exciting and unforgettable moments have been shared by athletes and audiences worldwide. We have cheered for victories and comforted those who fell short. But beyond the triumphs and defeats, there is something more to admire. On Aug 4, 21-year-old Zheng Qinwen made history for Chinese tennis by winning the first gold medal in women’s singles for both China and Asia. Just the following day, the young Chinese swimming team ended the US’s decades long unbeaten period in the men’s 4x100m relay, finishing in 3 minutes and 27. 46 seconds. By winning gold medals in events once dominated by Western athletes, these young competitors have demonstrated a remarkable improvement in China’s competitive sports landscape. Equally inspiring is the positive mindset exhibited by these young athletes. They are confident and inclusive, striving for excellence and breakthrough performances. Moreover, they have moved away from the “gold medal only” mentality, embracing a more composed and rational(理性的) approach to sports. From 18-year-old BMX freestyle cyclist Deng Yawen to 26-year-old swimmer Zhang Yufei, many young athletes have attracted global audiences with their self-assured approach to competition. They genuinely enjoy competing. When Zhang, China’s “butterfly queen”, missed out on a gold medal, she said, “I hope this time I can have a relaxed attitude and really enjoy the Olympics.” This shift in mindset and demeanor has moved the public focus away from just winning gold medals to appreciating the respect and glory that athletes and the Olympics truly deserve. Success is the goal, but they remain equally graceful in the face of failure, embodying the deep integration of Chinese values with the Olympic spirit. It’s not just about being faster, higher, stronger, but also about embracing sports with a positive attitude. 1. What does the underlined phrase mean in paragraph 2? A. Fell behind. B. Made outstanding advances. C. Attained success. D. Failed to meet expectations. 2. The 2024 Paris Olympic Games is inspiring, except _________. A. Young athletes made determination to just win gold medals B. Young competitor displayed positive and confident mindset C. Young competitors improved a lot in China’s competitive sports D. Young athletes attracted global audience with confident approach 3. Why does the author mention Zhang Yufei in paragraph 4? A. To emphasize the importance of the Paris Olympic Games. B. To praise athletes’ relaxed mindset in Paris Olympic Games. C. To prove athletes’ good performance in Paris Olympic Games. D. To show Zhang’s regret for losing a gold medal in Paris Olympic Games. 4. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Chinese athletes achieved great success in Paris Olympic Games. B. Chinese athletes embraced Olympic Games with a positive attitude. C. Chinese athletes displayed impressive talents in Paris Olympic Games. D. Chinese athletes embodied the Olympic motto in Paris Olympic Games. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. B 4. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会中国Z世代运动员的表现及奥运精神的转变。 1. 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“Since the beginning of the Paris 2024 Olympic Games, many exciting and unforgettable moments have been shared by athletes and audiences worldwide. We have cheered for victories and comforted those who fell short. But beyond the triumphs and defeats, there is something more to admire.(自2024年巴黎奥运会开幕以来，世界各地的运动员和观众分享了许多令人兴奋和难忘的时刻。我们为胜利欢呼，安慰fell short的人。但在胜利和失败之外，还有更多值得钦佩的东西。)”可知，划线词与前文的comforted构成短语“安慰未能达到预期的人”与前文提到的cheered for victories“为胜利欢呼”相反。故选D。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Equally inspiring is the positive mindset exhibited by these young athletes. They are confident and inclusive, striving for excellence and breakthrough performances. Moreover, they have moved away from the “gold medal only” mentality, embracing a more composed and rational (理性的) approach to sports. From 18-year-old BMX freestyle cyclist Deng Yawen to 26-year-old swimmer Zhang Yufei, many young athletes have attracted global audiences with their self-assured approach to competition. They genuinely enjoy competing. (同样鼓舞人心的是这些年轻运动员所表现出的积极心态。他们自信而包容，追求卓越和突破性的表现。此外，他们已经摆脱了“只拿金牌”的心态，采取了一种更冷静、更理性的体育态度。从18岁的小轮车自由式自行车选手邓亚文到26岁的游泳运动员张雨飞，许多年轻运动员以自信的比赛方式吸引了全球观众。他们真的很享受竞争。)”，可知“年轻运动员展示了积极和自信的心态(B)，年轻竞争者在中国竞技体育方面取得了很大进步(C)，年轻运动员以自信的态度吸引了全球观众(D)”均正确。但是，文章提到他们已经摆脱了“只为金牌”的心态，所以A选项“年轻运动员决心只赢得金牌”是不正确的。故选A。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Equally inspiring is the positive mindset exhibited by these young athletes. They are confident and inclusive, striving for excellence and breakthrough performances. Moreover, they have moved away from the “gold medal only” mentality, embracing a more composed and rational (理性的) approach to sports. From 18-year-old BMX freestyle cyclist Deng Yawen to 26-year-old swimmer Zhang Yufei, many young athletes have attracted global audiences with their self-assured approach to competition. They genuinely enjoy competing. When Zhang, China’s “butterfly queen”, missed out on a gold medal, she said, “I hope this time I can have a relaxed attitude and really enjoy the Olympics.”(同样鼓舞人心的是这些年轻运动员所表现出的积极心态。他们自信而包容，追求卓越和突破性的表现。此外，他们已经摆脱了“只拿金牌”的心态，采取了一种更冷静、更理性的体育态度。从18岁的小轮车自由式自行车选手邓亚文到26岁的游泳运动员张雨飞，许多年轻运动员以自信的比赛方式吸引了全球观众。他们真的很享受竞争。当中国的“蝴蝶女王”张与金牌失之交臂时，她说：“我希望这次我能有一种放松的态度，真正享受奥运会。”)”可知，提到张雨霏是为了表扬运动员在巴黎奥运会上的轻松心态。故选B。 4. 主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是最后一段中的“Success is the goal, but they remain equally graceful in the face of failure, embodying the deep integration of Chinese values with the Olympic spirit. It’s not just about being faster, higher, stronger, but also about embracing sports with a positive attitude.(成功是目标，但面对失败，他们同样保持优雅，体现了中国价值观与奥林匹克精神的深刻融合。这不仅仅是要更快、更高、更强，而是要以积极的态度拥抱运动。)”可知，文章主要讲述了中国运动员以积极的态度迎接奥运会。故选B。 单元话题7 医疗健康 (2024-2025学年高二上·浙江绍兴·期中)Hiao Khanh, 29, is a member of the Community Malaria(疟疾). Action Team in Chư Rcăm commune, Krông pa district, Gia Lai province, which is known for having the highest number of malaria cases in Vietnam. In 2020, more than 200 cases were reported across the district. Hiao Khanh has been working in malaria prevention and control since 2019, after he recovered from malaria. “It was a near-death experience,” said Hiao Khanh. “I had a high fever before getting medical support. After that, I was determined to help reduce sickness and deaths from malaria in my community.” People in this community depend heavily on the forest to earn a living. They go into the forest to work, and sleep there, putting them at high risk of contracting(感染) malaria. When it rains, the community’s various forest settlements are nearly cut off as the dirt roads are flooded. Hiao Khanh and his team need to use motorbikes to reach different parts of the community to help protect people from malaria. The team’s main activities are to raise awareness about malaria prevention, provide protective items, and find out people who might have malaria and then transport them to healthcare facilities for testing. With the right treatment, patients can now be cured in a shorter period of time. However, ensuring individuals stay on track with their treatment remains a challenge. Forest workers, for example, often prefer to return to work as soon as their fever breaks. Part of Hiao Khanh’s work is to find and persuade patients to come back for treatment. Communication is an important aspect of his team’s work. They actively listen to people’s concerns, respond to their questions, and stress the importance of completing the full treatment course. “Just a ‘thank you’ from the people is enough to give me strength to continue this job to reduce malaria in my homeland,” said Hiao Khanh. 1. What led Hiao Khanh to take an active role in malaria prevention and control? A. His suffering from malaria. B. A report about malaria cases in Vietnam. C. His visit to a nearby forest. D. The deaths from malaria in his community. 2. What can be inferred from paragraph 3? A. It often rains in Hiao Khanh’s hometown. B. The community is accessible only by motorbikes. C. Natural disasters frequently hit Hiao Khanh’s hometown. D. Forests add to the difficulty of malaria control. 3. Which of the following is part of the mission of the Community Malaria Action Team? A. Treating patients with malaria. B. Educating people about malaria prevention. C. Transporting villagers to safer places. D. Improving hospitals and healthcare facilities. 4. Which of the following can best describe Hiao Khanh concerning his fight against malaria? A. committed and determined B. innovative and productive C. courageous and ambitious D. outgoing and adaptable 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. A 【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章以Hiao Khanh的个人经历和工作为切入点，详细描述了越南一个疟疾高发地区社区疟疾行动小组的工作情况，包括他们的主要活动、面临的挑战以及他们为减少疟疾所做出的努力。 1. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Hiao Khanh has been working in malaria prevention and control since 2019, after he recovered from malaria. “It was a near-death experience,” said Hiao Khanh.(Hiao Khanh自2019年从疟疾中康复后，便开始从事疟疾的预防和控制工作。“那是一次死里逃生的经历，”Hiao Khanh说)”可知，Hiao Khanh积极参与疟疾预防和控制工作的原因是他自己患过疟疾。故选A。 2. 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“People in this community depend heavily on the forest to earn a living. They go into the forest to work, and sleep there, putting them at high risk of contracting (感染) malaria. When it rains, the community’s various forest settlements are nearly cut off as the dirt roads are flooded. (这个社区的人们在很大程度上依赖森林为生。他们进入森林工作，并在那里睡觉，这使他们处于感染疟疾的高风险之中。下雨时，社区的各个森林定居点几乎都被切断联系，因为泥土道路被洪水淹没)”可知，由于人们需要在森林中工作和睡觉，且下雨时道路会被淹没，这使得疟疾的控制变得更加困难。森林既是他们的工作和居住地，也是疟疾传播的高风险区域，同时恶劣的天气条件还阻碍了有效的防控措施的实施。故选D。 3. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The team’s main activities are to raise awareness about malaria prevention, provide protective items, and find out people who might have malaria and then transport them to healthcare facilities for testing.(团队的主要活动是提高人们对疟疾预防的认识，提供防护用品，以及找出可能患有疟疾的人，然后将他们送往医疗保健设施进行检测)”可知，教育人们预防疟疾是社区疟疾行动小组的使命之一。故选B。 4. 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“After that, I was determined to help reduce sickness and deaths from malaria in my community.(在那之后，我下定决心要帮助减少我们社区因疟疾导致的疾病和死亡)”、第三段“Hiao Khanh and his team need to use motorbikes to reach different parts of the community to help protect people from malaria.(Hiao Khanh和他的团队需要骑摩托车到达社区的不同地方，帮助人们预防疟疾)”以及最后一段““Just a ‘thank you’ from the people is enough to give me strength to continue this job to reduce malaria in my homeland,” said Hiao Khanh.(“只要人们说一句‘谢谢’，就足以给我力量，让我继续这份工作，在我的家乡减少疟疾，”Hiao Khanh说)”可知，Hiao Khanh自从自己患过疟疾后，就开始积极参与疟疾的预防和控制工作。文章提到他“从疟疾中康复后，便开始从事疟疾的预防和控制工作”，并且他“参与了社区的疟疾行动小组，并经常走访村民，教育他们如何预防疟疾”，这些行为表明了他对抗击疟疾的投入和坚定。故选A。 单元话题8 科学技术 (2024-2025学年高二上·江苏徐州·期中)Many factors can influence whether a patient lives or dies. However, in data from different countries, patients seen by female doctors seem to do better than those seen by male ones. In 2017, Yusuke Tsugawa of Harvard Medical School, and his colleagues in Boston analyzed the medical records of around 1.5 million older adults who had been in hospital in America between 2011 and 2014. They found that patients whose treatment had been performed by a female doctor were about 4% less likely to die than those whose treatment doctor was a man. One disadvantage with the study is that it is retrospective, looking back at naturally occurring data rather than random experiments. This could cover any factors which might be really driving the effect, says Gavin Stewart, an expert at Newcastle University. It could be that female doctors tend to be responsible for healthier patients than their male colleagues. In an experiment where patients were randomly distributed among doctors, female doctors seem to do better. Researchers say the next step is to work out why. “I don’ t think it’s the presence or absence of a Y chromosome(染色体),” says Dr Christopher Wallis, “I think it’s a series of behaviours that are linked with gender.” Past research has found that female doctors tend to spend more time with patients, are more likely to provide preventive care and tend to stick more closely to guidelines than their male colleagues do. This could reduce the risk of deaths. Understanding why such difference in care will help all doctors improve their practice. For all things that advanced medical equipment and new drugs can do, a physician’s judgement seems to be as important. 1. In which way was the study in 2017 conducted? A. Theoretical models. B. Statistical methods. C. Practical examples. D. Historical analyses. 2. What does the underlined word “retrospective” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Critical. B. Backtracked. C. Dated. D. Accurate. 3. Which statement would Wallis probably agree with? A. Y chromosome determines gender differences. B. Gender difference in care has different effects. C. Female doctors are always assigned with healthier patients. D. Male doctors could reduce the potential risk of deaths. 4. What can we know from the last paragraph? A. A doctor’s judgement is as important as other factors. B. Gender difference can’t help improve doctors’ treatment. C. We should notice gender difference in doctors’ treatment. D. We could use doctors’ judgement to improve his treatment. 【答案】1. B 2. B 3. B 4. A 【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了研究发现，女医生看的病人似乎比男医生看的病人做得更好。解释了背后的原因。 1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“In 2017, Yusuke Tsugawa of Harvard Medical School, and his colleagues in Boston analyzed the medical records of around 1.5million older adults who had been in hospital in America between 2011 and 2014. They found that patients whose treatment had been performed by a female doctor were about 4% less likely to die than those whose treatment doctor was a man.(2017年，哈佛医学院的津川佑介和他在波士顿的同事分析了2011年至2014年在美国住院的约150万老年人的医疗记录。他们发现，接受女医生治疗的患者的死亡率比接受男医生治疗的患者低4%左右)”可知，2017年的研究是通过统计方法进行的。故选B。 2. 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“looking back at naturally occurring data rather than random experiments(回顾自然发生的数据，而不是随机实验)”可知，这项实验回顾自然发生的数据，而不是随机实验。故划线词意思是“回顾性的”。故选B。 3. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““I don’ t think it’s the presence or absence of a Y chromosome (染色体),” says Dr Christopher Wallis, “I think it’s a series of behaviours that are linked with gender. (克里斯托弗·沃利斯博士说：“我不认为这是Y染色体的存在与否，我认为这是与性别有关的一系列行为。”过去的研究发现，女医生往往花更多的时间与病人在一起，更有可能提供预防性护理，而且往往比男同事更严格地遵守指导方针。这可以降低死亡风险)”推知，沃利斯认为性别差异对护理有不同的影响。故选B。 4. 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Understanding why such difference in care will help all doctors improve their practice. For all things that advanced medical equipment and new drugs can do, a physician’s judgement seems to be as important.(了解这种护理差异的原因将有助于所有医生提高他们的实践水平。对于先进的医疗设备和新药所能做的所有事情，医生的判断似乎同样重要)”可知，医生的判断和其他因素一样重要。故选A。 1 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$