第02讲 Unit 2 No Rules,No Order（知识全梳理&考点精准练）-【寒假自学课】2025年七年级英语寒假提升精品讲义（人教版2024）

第02讲 Unit 2 No Rules,No Order . 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理（吃透教材） 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1．Listening: Conversations and announcement about rules. 2．Speaking: Talk about school rules. 3．Reading: A letter of complaint and advice on rules. 4．Writing: Write a letter to give advice . 5．Grammar: Imperatives; Modal verbs(can, have to ,must). 1、No Rules, No order. 没有规矩，就没有秩序。 【详解】①rule为名词，译为“规则、规章、条例” The school has many rules. 学校有很多规章。 【拓展】rule还可以作动词，译为“统治、支配” I am going to rule this land. 我将统治这片土地。 常见搭配：follow/ keep the rule 遵守规则 The rules of the game 游戏规则 ②order n.点菜；顺序，次序 v.点菜，命令 【中考常考搭配】take one’s order 点菜 in order 有序地 order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 in order整齐；有序；out of order出故障；无序；place an order下订单 。 Please put the books in order on the shelf. 请把书架上的书摆放整齐。 The machine is out of order. 这台机器出故障了。 He placed an order for some new clothes online. 他在网上下了一些新衣服的订单。 2、Don’t be late for school. Arrive on time.上学不要迟到，准时到达。 【详解】①late为形容词，译为“迟的、晚的”。 Look at the time! We’ll be late. 看几点了！我们要迟到了。 【常见搭配】be late for ... 迟到 We’ll be late for the meeting if we stay any longer. 再不走我们开会就要迟到了。 ②arrive v.到达 不及物动词 近义词：get, reach 【辨析】arrive/ get/ reach arrive vi.到达 arrive at+小地方 arrive in+大地方 get vi. 到达 get to+地点 reach vt.到达 reach+地点 【注意】当地点是：here/there/home/abroad/upstairs/downstairs 时，介词省略。 After school, I get/arrive/reach home at 6 o’clock. 3、Wear the school uniform. 穿校服。 【详解】wear为动词，译为“穿、戴”等意。 Eg: She wears a red dress today. 她今天穿着一条红色连衣裙。 The girl wears a pair of glasses. 那个女孩戴了一副眼镜。、 【易混辨析】wear, put on, dress, in区别： put on强调穿衣服的动作 It’s cold outside, please put on your sweater. 外面天气冷，请穿上你的毛衣。 wear强调穿衣服的状态 The girl wears a sweater today. 这个女孩今天穿了一件毛衣。 dress 后面接人，表示给某人穿衣服 The boy is too young to dress himself. 这个小那还太小了不能自己穿衣服。 in 后面常常接颜色表示穿某颜色的衣服 The girl in red is my little sister. 穿红衣服的女孩是我小妹妹。 4、Don't litter, keep your school clean and tidy. 不要乱扔垃圾，保持学校干净整洁。 【详解】① 否定祈使句：Don’t + 动词原形 + 其它. Don’t be late. 别迟到。 ② Keep在此处为动词，译为“保持”，还可译为“保留；持续、饲养” 常见搭配：keep + 形容词 “保持...” Keep sb./sth. + 形容词 “使某人/某物保持某种状态” Keep doing sth. “一直做某事” Please keep quiet.请保持安静！ Please keep your classroom clean .请保持你们的教室干净。 Mr. Wang keeps working day and night. 王先生没日没夜的工作。 5、Be polite and treat everyone with respect. 保持礼貌，对每个人尊敬。 【详解】polite为形容词，译为“有礼貌的”，其反义词为impolite，译为“不礼貌的”。 She is a polite girl.她是一个文雅的姑娘。 【常见搭配】be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌 It's polite of sb to do sth 某人做某事很有礼貌 We should be polite to the elderly.我们应该对老年人有礼貌 It is polite of him to give his seat to my mother.他把座位让给我母亲真有礼貌 【拓展】polite 形容词→ 副词 politely 礼貌地 →反义词 impolitely 无礼地； 6、Put up your hand if you want to ask your teacher a question. 如果你想要问老师问题请举手。 【详解】①Put up one’s hand译为“举手”，其同义词为“raise one’s hand” 【拓展】Put up还可译为“张贴、搭建” We put up the advertisement on the wall. 我们把广告张贴在墙上。 They put up a tent by the fire. 他们在火堆旁搭起帐篷。 【put常见搭配】 put away 放好 put back 放回 put on 穿上 ;上演;增重 put off 推迟，拖延 put down放下，镇压 put out 放出，伸出，熄灭，关（灯） ②if为连词，译为“如果”，常常用来引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则。 If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我就呆在家里。 ③ask为动词，译为“问”。 常见搭配：ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不）做某事 ask some questions 问一些问题 You can ask me for help if you have some questions. 如果你有一些问题，你可以向我寻求帮助。 My mum asked me to finish my homework before dinner. 我妈妈要求我晚饭前完成作业。 7、She has to walk in the hallway. 你不得不在走廊里走。 【详解】have to译为“不得不”，其中have可随时态和人称变化，其否定形式为don’t have to，译为“不必”。 I have to stay at home tonight . 今晚我不得不待在家里。 I don’t have to stay at home tonight.今晚我不必呆在家里。 【拓展】have to和must区别 have to强调客观上的需要，表示由于客观因素而不得不做某事； must 强调主观上的义务或责任，表示说话者认为有必要或有义务去做某事。 I have to go now because I have an appointment. 我必须现在走，因为我有约。 You must study hard to pass the exam. 你必须努力学习才能通过考试。 8、Be on time. Don’t be late for class. 准时，上课不要迟到。 【详解】on time 按时，准时 Remember to hand in your homework on time tomorrow. 记得明天按时上交作业。 【拓展】time相关短语 in time 及时 at times有时 at the same time 同时 from time to time不时 all the time一直 have a good time玩得开心 9、Keep the rules and let’s have fun! 遵守规则，让我们玩得开心。 【详解】①let’s 意为“咱们”=let us ,后接动词原形。 【拓展】let sb do sth 让某人干某事 Please let him open the door .请让他去开门。 【注意】Let’s ...... 的回答：Good idea ; All right ;That sounds good -Let’s play basketball this afternoon .咱们今天下午一起打篮球。-All right .好/行。 ②have fun 玩得开心 【拓展】have fun doing sth做某事玩得开心 have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself I had fun going shopping with my family yesterday. 10、Keeping the rules is good for us. 遵守规则对我们有好处。 【详解】keeping the rules为动名词作主语；动名词作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式。 Running is a good sport. 【拓展】两个或两个以上动词-ing形式做主语时，则谓语动词用复数形式 Swimming and playing basketball are my favourite sports. 11、I can’t find my pencil box. I think it’s in my locker. 我找不到我的铅笔盒了。 我觉得它在我的储物柜里。 【详解】①find和look for 区别 find译为“发现、找到”，强调寻找的结果； look for译为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。 I looked for my book everywhere, but I can’t find it. 我到处找我的书但是我没有找到。 ②“I think it’s in my locker”为宾语从句；其中主句为”I think”，从句为“it’s my locker.” 注意：以I think/believe开头的宾语从句，变为否定句时需否定前移。 I think he is a good boy. 我觉得他是个好孩子。(变否定句） → I don't think he is a good boy. 我觉得他不是一个好孩子。 12、I can lend you my pen. 我可以把我的钢笔借给你。 【详解】lend为动词，译为“借”，常跟介词to； 常见搭配：lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物 辨析：lend/borrow/keep borrow v.借入 borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物 短暂性动作，不与一段时间连用 lend v.借出 后面跟介词to，表示“借给某人”；短暂性动作，不能与一段时间连用 keep v.保存（借用一段时间） 常与一段时间连用 --My bike is broken. Could I borrow yours? -- Sure. You can keep it for two days. She lent me a book. = She lent a book to me. 她借给我一本书。 I borrowed a book from the library. 我从图书馆借了一本书。 13、We have to turn them off and keep them in our lockers. 我们不得不关机然后把它们存在储物柜里。 【详解】turn off 关闭 相当于switch off 当宾语为代词时，放在中间。 The baby is sleeping. Please turn off the television. 拓展：turn相关短语: turn on 打开 turn down 调小；拒绝 turn up 调大；出现 turn...into 转变成... 14、-Thanks for telling me, Anne. 谢谢你告诉我，安妮。 -You’re welcome, Tom.不客气，汤姆。 【详解】Thank you for...意为“为...而感谢你（们）”，相当于thanks for... ；for是介词，表示原因，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 You’re welcome “别客气，不用谢”，用于礼貌地回答别人的感谢。 【拓展】常用的答语还有Not at all. /That’s OK. /That’s all right. / (It’s)my pleasure... 15、Don’t jump the queue. You must wait for your turn. 不要插队。你必须等着轮到你。 【详解】wait为动词，译为“等待”。 【词组】wait for sb 等候某人 wait for sb to do sth 等候某人干某事 can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待干某事 Someone is waiting for you there. 在那儿有人在等候你。 We are waiting for him to go shopping now .现在我们正在等候他一起去购物。 I can’t wait to meet my parents .我迫不及待要见我的父母。 16、But you must tell your teacher about it when you have to be absent from class.但是当你不得不缺课时你必须告诉你的老师。 【详解】①tell 动词 告诉 【词组】tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某东西 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人干某事 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要干某事 Our teacher told us not to play football on the road .我们老师告诉我们不要在道路上踢足球。 ②absent为形容词，译为“缺席的”，其名词形式为absence。 【词组】be absent from... 缺席...... He is often absent from school .他经常缺课。 17、We must keep quiet. We mustn’t make noise. 我们必须保持安静。我们不准制造噪音。 【详解】①quiet为形容词，译为“安静的、宁静的、文静的”，其副词形式为quietly。 常见搭配： be quiet = keep quiet 保持安静。 Be quiet ,my father is sleeping .保持安静，我爸爸正在睡觉。 ②noise为不可数名词，译为“噪音”；其形容词形式为noisy，译为“吵闹的”。 常见搭配：make noise 制造噪音 【拓展】sound, voice与noise区别： sound泛指任何声音，不论其高低、是否悦耳等。 I heard the sound of running water. 我听见流水声。 noise表示噪音、喧闹，指的是人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声。它既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词。There’s a lot of noise here. 这个地方人声嘈杂。 voice用于人时，指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音，也可指发言权。用于其他方面时，常含悦耳之声，如鸟鸣声，乐器声音等。 Please speak in a louder voice. 请大声说。 18、I have to hurry to school because I can’t be late for school. 我必须快点上学因为上学不能迟到。 【详解】hurry为动词，译为“赶紧，匆忙”；hurry也可为名词，译为“赶紧、匆忙”。 【词组】hurry to do sth. 匆忙做某事 hurry to+地方 匆忙去某地 in a hurry 匆忙、急切 hurry up 快点、赶快 I go to school in a hurry without having breakfast.我没有吃早餐就匆忙去上学。 19、I have to finish my homework first. 我必须先完成我的作业。 【详解】finish为动词，译为“完成、结束”。相当于“be over” 常见搭配：finish doing sth. 结束做某事 I finally finished doing my homework. 我最后完成了作业。 20、I can only play basketball after I practise the piano.我练习完钢琴后才能打篮球。 【详解】①play basketball 打篮球 play后接球类或棋牌类时无需加定冠词，后面接乐器时需加定冠词the。play+球/棋类 play the+乐器类 My sister likes playing the piano while I like playing basketball. ②practise v. 练习 其名词 practice 练习 【词组】practise doing sth练习做某事 I practise playing football for one hour after school .我明天放学后训练足球一个小时。 21、I know it’s hard, but rules can help to make the world better. 我知道那很难，但是规则可以帮助让世界变得更好。 【详解】①hard为形容词，译为“难的”，相当于difficult；也可译为“坚固的、结实的”； It’s hard(difficult) for me to work out the problem .对我来说，解决这个问题很难。 【拓展】 hard 与hardly 区别 hard也可为副词，译为“努力地、猛烈地”。 hardly 意思是“几乎不”，表“否定”含义。 It's raining hard now，I hardly go out . 现在正在下大雨,我几乎不能出去。 ②make在此处为动词，译为“使成为”，也可译为“制作” 常见搭配：make a cake 做蛋糕 make sb./sth + 形容词 使某人/某事处于某种状态 make sb. do sth. 使某人某事 The story makes me happy. 这个故事让我快乐。 The story make me cry. 这个故事使我感到流泪。 22、Don’t fight with your classmates.不要和你的同学打架。 【详解】fight v.打架；战斗 ；fight也可作名词，译为“打架” 【词组】fight with sb 和某人打架 fight against sb 和某人作战 fight for...为...而斗争 My grandfather fought against the Fascists in Spain.我的祖父在西班牙与法西斯作战。 They are fighting for the peace. 他们正在为和平而战。 单元语法 祈使句 一、定义 用于表达请求、命令、建议、禁止等的句子叫祈使句。祈使句一般没有主语，实际上是省略了“You”。句末用感叹号或句号,读降调。例如: （1）Go and wash your hands. 去洗你的手。（命令） （2）Be quiet, please. 请安静。（请求） （3）Practice the guitar every day. 每天练习吉他。（劝告） 补充: （1） 有时将主语you表示出来是为了加强语气或表示“不高兴”、“厌烦”、“鄙视”等情绪。 如: You, get out of here! 你，从这里出去！ （2）表示礼貌,常在句首或句末加 please 如：Please stand up. 或 Stand up, please. 请起立。 二、句型 类型 句型结构 示例 Do型 （表示行为的动词原形） 肯定：动词原型＋其他 Open the door! Stand up! Sit down! 否定：Don’t＋动词原型＋其他 Don’t open the door! Don’t eat in classroom! Be型 肯定：Be＋其他 Be quiet! Be careful! 否定：Don’t＋be ＋其他 Don’t be quiet! Don’t be late! let型 肯定：let sb do sth Let me help you. 否定：Don’t let sb do sth/ Let sb not do sth Don’t let him go. Let him not go. 注意：表示禁止，常用于标语的否定祈使句： No ＋doing ! / No ＋可数名词复数／不可数名词！ No smoking! = Don’t smoke! No photos! = Don’t take photos! 情态动词can/must/have to 一、can的用法 can是情态动词，意为＂能；会＂，表示某人或某物具备的能力，还可用来提出请求，没有人称和数的变化，后面直接接动词原形。下面来看一下它的具体用法。 1. 表示有能力做某事，意为＂能；会＂。 I can speak English.我会讲英语。 He can play basketball.他会打篮球。[来 2. 表示许可，意为＂可以＂。 You can sit here.你可以坐在这儿。 3. 情态动词can表示推测，意为＂可能＂，常用语否定句、疑问句中。 It can’t be a cat. It has a short tail. 它不可能是猫，它有一个短尾巴。 二、must的用法 （1）must表示主观义务，意思是＂应该，必须＂，其否定式mustn’t意为＂不应该，不准＂。情态动词不能单独作谓语动词，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。 We must get there before five o’clock. 我们必须在五点钟前赶到那儿。 You mustn’t break the rules. 你不要破坏规定。 He must have seen the film last night. 他昨天晚上肯定看了那场电影。 You must read a book before you watch TV. 在看电视前你必须读书。 对用must所提问题的否定回答，常用needn’t或don’t have to，意思为：不必。 Must I stay here after school? 放学后我还得留在这儿吗？ No, you needn’t / don’t have to. 不了，没有必要。 （2）must表示推测，意思为：一定，必定(只用于肯定句中)。 He must be our headmaster. 他肯定是我们的校长。 （3）must用于否定句时，mustn’t意为＂不允许，禁止＂，而不表示＂不必＂。 You mustn’t be late for school. 你千万不要上学迟到。 （4）以must开头的一般疑问句，若作否定回答，可以用needn’t或don’t have to，不用mustn’t。 —Must I clean all the rooms? 我必须打扫所有的房间吗？ —No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 不，你不必。 3、 have to的用法 表示客观要求，意思为：不得不；必须；除此之外，别无选择。使用have to应注意以下几点： （1）have to后接动词原形，意为＂必须做……；不得不做……＂。 We have no food home, you have to go and get some, Tom. 家里没有食物了，汤姆你得去买一些来。 （2）have to 有人称、数和时态的变化，其第三人称单数形式为has to。 She has to help her mom make dinner. 她不得不帮她妈妈做晚饭。 There’s no bus here, so we had to walk home. 现在这里没有汽车了，我们只好走路回家了。 （3）含有have to, has to的句子需分别借助动词do, does构成疑问句或否定句。 Do they have to go now? 他们得现在回家吗？ You don’t have to go if you don’t want to. 如果你不想去，你就不必去。 辨析：have to可以用于多种时态；而must只用于一般现在时或一般将来时。 The composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night. 作文今天早晨到期，因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。 单元写作 一、写作思路 本单元话题为“规则(Rules)”。要求用情态动词must，can 和have to 以及祈使句介绍学校或家庭中的规章制度。通过学习和写作关于规章制度的文章，理解并遵从旨在维护秩序和保护大多数人利益的各种规定、规则、约定以及制度，从而初步建立规则意识和契约精神，做一名遵纪守法的好公民。 二、写作步骤 第一步：引出话题，说明要写的规章制度。 第二步： 结合具体事例，详细介绍规章制度，区分应该做的和不应该做的事情。 第三步：端正认识，抒发对规章制度的感想。 三、黄金语料 1）开头句 1. Let me tell ... 2. There are too many rules in my family/our school. 3. Can you give me some advice on...? 4. It’s boring to have too many rules. 5. I just can’t stand the rules like... 2）中间句 1. First, I have to ...in the morning. 2. Second, I must ... 3. But why do we have to follow them? 4. I know these rules may be helpful, but... 5. What if I don’t follow...? 6. Can I be myself without these rules? 7. Yes,they are important in life. But for me... 8. Perhaps these rules are necessary for... 3）结尾句 1. All in all, we must follow them ... 2. They are strict, but they are also important for our life ... 3. To make our life better, let’s follow them. 4. Rules are necessary in life and school. 5. I agree that freedom depends on rules. 四、写作任务 最近，为了进一步加强对学生的管理，许多学校制订了新的校规。假如你是李华，请你根据下面表格的内容提示，用英文给你的笔友Mark写一封信，介绍你校的新校规，并谈谈你的看法。 作业 按时完成 手机 禁止进校 睡眠 约9 小时 阅读 一周一本好书 锻炼 一天1 小时 安全 1. 不打架 2. ……(至少补充一点) 你的看法 …… 要求： 1. 内容必须包含所给要点，并适当发挥； 2. 词数70 左右。开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。 Dear Mark, How’s it going? I’m glad to share my new school rules with you.________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What about your school rules? Please write to me soon. Yours, Li Hua 精彩必背范文 Dear Mark, How’s it going? I’m glad to share my new school rules with you. We must finish our homework on time. We can’t bring mobile phones to school. We had better get about 9 hours’ sleep a day. We must read a good book once a week.Doing exercise is also important. We must do exercise an hour a day. We must keep safe . Don’t fight with each other and never go swimming alone. I think these school rules are good for us.We must follow them. What about your school rules? Please write to me soon. Yours, Li Hua 根据对话内容，从选项中选择恰当的句子完成对话，使其完整、通顺。 John: Hi, my name’s John. It’s my first day at school. Alice: Hi, John. I’m Alice. 1 John: Really? 2 Alice: Well, don’t be late for class. This is very important. John: 3 Can we bring music players to school? Alice: No, we can’t. What else? Oh, we can’t fight with our classmates. 4 And we always have to wear the school uniform. John: 5 Alice: Oh, and we also have to be quiet in the library. A．What are some of the rules? B．I see. C．This is a great school, but there are a lot of rules. D．Nice to meet you! E．OK, so we must be on time. F．That makes the teachers really unhappy. 考点1：arrive/ get/ reach区别 1．—Could you tell me when you will ________ Yangzhou? —I’m not sure. When I ________, I will call you. A．arrive; reach B．reach; get to C．get to; arrive D．reach; arrive at 2．—What time will you ______ Shanghai, Mike? —At about 5 p.m., so I should ______ Nanjing Railway Station at 3 p.m. A．get; reach B．get; arrive in C．reach; arrive D．arrive in; get to 考点2：Wear, put on, dress, in区别 1．Don’t ________ your coat again. You ________ too many clothes. A．wear; are wearing B．put on; wear C．wear; put on D．put on; put on 2．Red is my favorite color, so I often ________ red clothes when going out. A．put on B．wear C．in 考点3：polite词性 1．—I think Li Lei is a ________ boy.     —I agree with you. He always speaks to others ________. A．polite; politely B．polite; polite C．politely; politely D．politely; polite 2．Eating something in class is _______. A．polite B．politely C．impolite D．impolitely 考点4：put up用法 1．Could you please ________ your book and help us ________ the tent? A．put up; put on B．put up; put down C．put down; put up 2．Andrew once tried to ________ a brighter light in his bedroom, but he failed in the end. A．put away B．put on C．put in D．put up 考点5：have to 与must 区别 1．—Must he take the pills three times a day? —No, he ________. A．mustn’t B．doesn’t have to C．couldn’t 2．My bike is broken, ________ I ________ buy a new one. A．or; must B．or; have to C．so; must D．so; have to 考点6：lend与borrow区别 1．—Can I ________ your pen, Tom? —Sorry. I’m using it , so I can’t _________ it to you. A．borrow, borrow B．lend, lend C．borrow, lend D．lend, borrow 2．I ________ the storybook from the reading room this morning, and I can ________ it for a week. A．lent; keep B．kept; borrow C．borrowed; keep D．borrowed; lend 考点7：find 与look for区别 1．John is ______ her wallet, but he can’t ______ it. A．looking at; find B．looking for; find C．seeing; looking for 考点8：turn相关词组 1．It’s very hot. Let me ________ the air-conditioner. A．turn off B．to turn off C．to turn on D．turn on 2．—Why did you ________ Jim’s invitation? —Because I had to study for my coming test. I had no time. A．turn down B．turn on C．turn up D．turn off 考点9：hurry用法 1．—You’ re ________. Where are you going? —To the bus station. The bus is leaving very soon. A．in the end B．in fact C．in a hurry D．in public 2．________! Our parents are waiting for us at the school gate. A．Stand up B．Hurry up C．Pick up D．Look up 考点10：finish 用法 1．— Let’s ________ to the movies! — I’m sorry. I must finish ________ my homework first. A．go; do B．going; doing C．go; doing D．going; do 考点11：practise用法 1．There will be a test soon, so the students have to practise _________ basketball more. A．playing B．to play C．play D．plays 考点12：make用法 1．My mum makes me ________ my room at once. A．to clean B．cleaning C．to cleaning D．clean 2．There is a big window in the living room, and it makes the room very ________. A．dark B．bright C．small D．dirty 一、单项选择 1．Don’t ________ wild mushrooms (野生菌) that you don’t know. A．to eat B．eats C．eat D．eating 2．—We need to keep ________ when the movie is on. —That’s right and that can help people enjoy the movie. A．quiet B．clean C．close 3．Jack is ________. He always smiles and says hello to others. A．noisy B．strict C．polite 4．Please be ________. Look! The boy is sleeping. A．quiet B．clean C．close 5．—Mom, I don’t want to go to school with that uniform (校服). —But you ________, honey. It’s a rule, you know that. A．have to B．can C．may 6．—Oh, it’s too _______. I can’t do my homework here. —The next room is quiet. You can go there. A．great B．quick C．funny D．noisy 7．Our Chinese teacher has many good books. We often ________ books from him. A．lend B．keep C．learn D．borrow 8．—Is everyone here? —No. Mr. Smith is absent ________ the meeting because he is ill. A．from B．to C．as 9．Here comes the bus. The children can’t wait _________. A．getting on it B．to get on it C．get on it D．for getting on it 10．As for students, they usually have fun ________ with their friends. A．to hang out B．hang out C．hung out D．hanging out 二、完形填空 My name is Sebina White. I am a student from No. 20 Middle School. We have some 11 at school and at home. We can’t get to 12 late. We have to finish our homework. We can’t stay out 13 school nights. We 14 wear the school uniform at school. Some students think these rules are 15 , and they don’t like them. But I don’t agree (同意) with them. I think these rules can help 16 a lot. If (如果) we don’t follow them, 17 can we do well in our studies? For example, our teachers ask us to clean our classroom after school. If we don’t, the classroom can be very 18 . It is bad for our health, too. If your parents ask you 19 to bed early and you don’t listen to them, you can’t get up 20 next morning. Everyone needs some rules. Do you think so? 11．A．books B．clothes C．rules D．classmates 12．A．school B．home C．hallway D．dining hall 13．A．at B．in C．for D．on 14．A．have to B．has to C．can’t D．mustn’t 15．A．good B．bad C．funny D．easy 16．A．me B．you C．us D．them 17．A．what B．how C．when D．where 18．A．clean B．beautiful C．dirty D．scary 19．A．to be B．to go C．be D．go 20．A．in time B．at a time C．on the time D．on time 三、阅读理解 A Every school has its rules (规则). Here are some school rules in different countries. Japanese school rules Most Japanese schools ask the students to wear uniforms. In many Japanese schools, if the schools don’t know, students can’t go to the cinema, leave home in the evening or play computer games. Different shoes in the USA In some schools, students must wear indoor (室内) shoes at school every day. So the students can’t fall down, and they are safe on the floors. They can keep the school clean, too. Students can’t eat gums (口香糖) , because they’re hard to clean. No strange hair in the UK Students can’t have strange (奇怪的) hair in some British schools. But the students can have certain hairstyle (发型) in the World Cup years. 21．The underlined word “uniforms” means _________. A．书包 B．手套 C．校服 D．通行证 22．The students can’t leave home in the evening in _________ if they don’t tell their schools. A．Japan B．the USA C．the UK D．China 23．Why can’t the students eat gums at school in the USA? A．It is not safe. B．It’s hard to clean. C．They have no time. D．They aren’t cheap. 24．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Students around the world B．Happy school life C．Interesting School Rules D．Different schools B Dear Mike, Thanks for your email. I want the exchange (交流), too! Anyway, about school rules (规章). The school here isn’t strict (严格的) about most things, but there are some things you need to know. First of all—clothes. You can wear what you want, but you can’t wear jeans with holes (洞) in them. You should wear comfortable things. The school is quite strict about phones. You can bring them, but you need to keep them in a place as required (要求) before class. You can’t just put them on silent (静音). And you can bring food to school, but you must eat it outside the classroom. If it’s raining, you can eat in the classroom. In fact, it’s a good school and the teachers are kind. You don’t need to worry about anything here. Hope my advice (建议) is helpful to you. Write again soon, OK? And tell me if there’s anything else you need to know. Yours, Jenny 25．What does Jenny mainly tell Mike in the email? A．After-school clubs. B．School rules. C．What to wear at school. D．Where to eat at school. 26．Where should students put their phones before class? A．In their coats. B．In the library. C．In a place as required. D．Outside the school. 27．Which of the following is True? A．Mike writes this email to Jenny. B．Jenny’s school is strict about everything. C．Jenny gives helpful advice to Mike. D．The teachers in the school are not kind. 28．What may Mike most probably (最有可能) write back in his email? A．Where to have lunch at school. B．His favourite jeans with holes. C．How to put phones on silent in class. D．Things he needs to get ready for the school. C Living in a school dormitory (宿舍) can be a good way to make friends. But students should also learn to follow the rules. Please read the school dormitory rules carefully. ●All student dormitory buildings have electronic locking systems (电子锁系统). Students can open the door with their student ID cards. ●All student rooms have locks. Each student has a key to his or her room. ●Two students share one room. Students should be friendly to each other. ●The student dormitory is a place to study and sleep. Please do not make too much noise. ●Students may have visitors sometimes. All visitors should register (登记) at the gatehouse. Visitors can’t stay in the dormitory overnight. ●Both students should clean the room. ●No pets are allowed (允许) in the school dormitory. 29．The passage is mainly about ___________. A．a school dormitory B．school rules C．school dormitory rules D．library rules 30．How can students open the door of the dormitory building? A．They can use the student ID cards. B．They can use the room key. C．They can call the teacher. D．They can make some noise. 31．What can students do in the dormitory? A．Dance and sing loudly. B．Ask visitors to stay for a night. C．Keep a dog as a pet. D．Do the homework and sleep. 32．You can see this kind of reading most probably ___________. A．in the newspaper B．in a magazine C．in the school D．on the Internet D Dear Li Han, Hi! I’m very happy to be your pen friend. My name is Susan White. I am from New York. 33 Now I am studying in Simon Baruch Middle School and I am in Grade Seven. 34 There are some rules (规则) in my school. For example, we have to wear school uniforms (制服) on school days. We have to do morning exercises every day. We can’t fight with others. We can’t use phones in class, either. These rules are strict (严格的), but I think they are good for us. 35 I want to learn it well because I wish to go to China one day. Mr. Huang is our Chinese teacher. He is very strict. 36 We have to finish our homework on time. We can’t leave it for the next day. I don’t have many rules at home. 37 I can eat in my bedroom. I can read in bed and get up late on Sundays. But I can’t listen to music at night. My parents think it’s too noisy. Are there any rules in your school or home? Please let me know. Yours, Susan A．It’s in the east of America. B．In his class, we must speak Chinese and do spelling exercises. C．Let me tell you something about my school and family. D．Chinese is my favorite subject. E．I love my teachers and classmates. F．I can invite (邀请) my friends to my house on the weekend. 四、任务型阅读 Good morning, everyone! Welcome to our school. Now you are students of the middle school. All the things here are new. The life here is a little different. I think you must know what you can do and what you can’t do. It can help you study well and live happily. There are some rules in our school. You have to come to school from Monday to Friday. You will learn some important subjects, such as Chinese, math, English and science. Classes begin at 8:00. You have four classes in the morning. You have lunch in the school dining hall. You can’t eat in the classroom. Classes are over at 3:30 in the afternoon and then you can join your favorite clubs to have fun. You can’t play balls or run in the classroom or hallways. You mustn’t break these rules. I really hope you will have a happy life here. Thank you. 38．Can you guess who the speaker may be? 39．How many classes do they have in the morning? 40．Where can they have lunch? 41．What is the speaker talking about? 五、短文填空 We have a lot of rules in our school. I think some of 42 (they) are good for us, but others are not so good. We must wear the school uniform. I think it’s good. If we don’t have this rule, some students will wear expensive clothes. They will think more 43 their clothes, but not study. We can’t be late 44 school and we have to listen to the teacher in class. We can’t be 45 (noise) in the library. We must practice 46 (speak) English every morning. All of 47 (this) rules are good for our study and I like them. We can’t bring mobile phones 48 school. Teachers think we may use mobile phones 49 (listen) to music and do many other things. They are not good for our study. I don’t think it’s a good idea. Sometimes our parents are busy and can’t get home 50 time. They need 51 (tell) us about that. If we don’t take phones, how can they call us? We can’t go to the movies on weekends, either. I know we should study hard, but we need to relax a little, too. 六、书面表达 假设你叫李明，你打算向某学生英文网站投稿，介绍你学校的校规。请你根据思维导图内容提示，用英文写一篇短文。 注意： (1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息； (2)不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名； (3)语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 My School Rules Hi, I’m Li Ming. I’d like to introduce my school rules to you._____________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第02讲 Unit 2 No Rules,No Order . 模块一 思维导图串知识 模块二 基础知识全梳理（吃透教材） 模块三 教材习题学解题 模块四 核心考点精准练 模块五 小试牛刀过关测 1．Listening: Conversations and announcement about rules. 2．Speaking: Talk about school rules. 3．Reading: A letter of complaint and advice on rules. 4．Writing: Write a letter to give advice . 5．Grammar: Imperatives; Modal verbs(can, have to ,must). 1、No Rules, No order. 没有规矩，就没有秩序。 【详解】rule为名词，译为“规则、规章、条例” The school has many rules. 学校有很多规章。 【拓展】rule还可以作动词，译为“统治、支配” I am going to rule this land. 我将统治这片土地。 常见搭配：follow/ keep the rule 遵守规则 The rules of the game 游戏规则 order n.点菜；顺序，次序 v.点菜，命令 【中考常考搭配】take one’s order 点菜 in order 有序地 order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 in order整齐；有序；out of order出故障；无序；place an order下订单 。 Please put the books in order on the shelf. 请把书架上的书摆放整齐。 The machine is out of order. 这台机器出故障了。 He placed an order for some new clothes online. 他在网上下了一些新衣服的订单。 2、Don’t be late for school. Arrive on time.上学不要迟到，准时到达。 【详解】late为形容词，译为“迟的、晚的”。 Look at the time! We’ll be late. 看几点了！我们要迟到了。 【常见搭配】be late for ... 迟到 We’ll be late for the meeting if we stay any longer. 再不走我们开会就要迟到了。 arrive v.到达 不及物动词 近义词：get, reach 【辨析】arrive/ get/ reach arrive vi.到达 arrive at+小地方 arrive in+大地方 get vi. 到达 get to+地点 reach vt.到达 reach+地点 【注意】当地点是：here/there/home/abroad/upstairs/downstairs 时，介词省略。 After school, I get/arrive/reach home at 6 o’clock. 3、Wear the school uniform. 穿校服。 【详解】wear为动词，译为“穿、戴”等意。 Eg: She wears a red dress today. 她今天穿着一条红色连衣裙。 The girl wears a pair of glasses. 那个女孩戴了一副眼镜。、 【易混辨析】wear, put on, dress, in区别： put on强调穿衣服的动作 It’s cold outside, please put on your sweater. 外面天气冷，请穿上你的毛衣。 wear强调穿衣服的状态 The girl wears a sweater today. 这个女孩今天穿了一件毛衣。 dress 后面接人，表示给某人穿衣服 The boy is too young to dress himself. 这个小那还太小了不能自己穿衣服。 in 后面常常接颜色表示穿某颜色的衣服 The girl in red is my little sister. 穿红衣服的女孩是我小妹妹。 4、Don't litter, keep your school clean and tidy. 不要乱扔垃圾，保持学校干净整洁。 【详解】① 否定祈使句：Don’t + 动词原形 + 其它. Don’t be late. 别迟到。 ② Keep在此处为动词，译为“保持”，还可译为“保留；持续、饲养” 常见搭配：keep + 形容词 “保持...” Keep sb./sth. + 形容词 “使某人/某物保持某种状态” Keep doing sth. “一直做某事” Please keep quiet.请保持安静！ Please keep your classroom clean .请保持你们的教室干净。 Mr. Wang keeps working day and night. 王先生没日没夜的工作。 5、Be polite and treat everyone with respect. 保持礼貌，对每个人尊敬。 【详解】polite为形容词，译为“有礼貌的”，其反义词为impolite，译为“不礼貌的”。 She is a polite girl.她是一个文雅的姑娘。 【常见搭配】be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌 It's polite of sb to do sth 某人做某事很有礼貌 We should be polite to the elderly.我们应该对老年人有礼貌 It is polite of him to give his seat to my mother.他把座位让给我母亲真有礼貌 【拓展】polite 形容词→ 副词 politely 礼貌地 →反义词 impolitely 无礼地； 6、Put up your hand if you want to ask your teacher a question. 如果你想要问老师问题请举手。 【详解】①Put up one’s hand译为“举手”，其同义词为“raise one’s hand” 【拓展】Put up还可译为“张贴、搭建” We put up the advertisement on the wall. 我们把广告张贴在墙上。 They put up a tent by the fire. 他们在火堆旁搭起帐篷。 【put常见搭配】 put away 放好 put back 放回 put on 穿上 ;上演;增重 put off 推迟，拖延 put down放下，镇压 put out 放出，伸出，熄灭，关（灯） ②if为连词，译为“如果”，常常用来引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则。 If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. 如果明天下雨，我就呆在家里。 ③ask为动词，译为“问”。 常见搭配：ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助 ask sb. (not) to do sth. 要求某人（不）做某事 ask some questions 问一些问题 You can ask me for help if you have some questions. 如果你有一些问题，你可以向我寻求帮助。 My mum asked me to finish my homework before dinner. 我妈妈要求我晚饭前完成作业。 7、She has to walk in the hallway. 你不得不在走廊里走。 【详解】have to译为“不得不”，其中have可随时态和人称变化，其否定形式为don’t have to，译为“不必”。 I have to stay at home tonight . 今晚我不得不待在家里。 I don’t have to stay at home tonight.今晚我不必呆在家里。 【拓展】have to和must区别 have to强调客观上的需要，表示由于客观因素而不得不做某事； must 强调主观上的义务或责任，表示说话者认为有必要或有义务去做某事。 I have to go now because I have an appointment. 我必须现在走，因为我有约。 You must study hard to pass the exam. 你必须努力学习才能通过考试。 8、Be on time. Don’t be late for class. 准时，上课不要迟到。 【详解】on time 按时，准时 Remember to hand in your homework on time tomorrow. 记得明天按时上交作业。 【拓展】time相关短语 in time 及时 at times有时 at the same time 同时 from time to time不时 all the time一直 have a good time玩得开心 9、Keep the rules and let’s have fun! 遵守规则，让我们玩得开心。 【详解】①let’s 意为“咱们”=let us ,后接动词原形。 【拓展】let sb do sth 让某人干某事 Please let him open the door .请让他去开门。 【注意】Let’s ...... 的回答：Good idea ; All right ;That sounds good -Let’s play basketball this afternoon .咱们今天下午一起打篮球。-All right .好/行。 ②have fun 玩得开心 【拓展】have fun doing sth做某事玩得开心 have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself I had fun going shopping with my family yesterday. 10、Keeping the rules is good for us. 遵守规则对我们有好处。 【详解】keeping the rules为动名词作主语；动名词作主语时，谓语动词需用单数形式。 Running is a good sport. 【拓展】两个或两个以上动词-ing形式做主语时，则谓语动词用复数形式 Swimming and playing basketball are my favourite sports. 11、I can’t find my pencil box. I think it’s in my locker. 我找不到我的铅笔盒了。 我觉得它在我的储物柜里。 【详解】①find和look for 区别 find译为“发现、找到”，强调寻找的结果； look for译为“寻找”，强调寻找的过程。 I looked for my book everywhere, but I can’t find it. 我到处找我的书但是我没有找到。 ②“I think it’s in my locker”为宾语从句；其中主句为”I think”，从句为“it’s my locker.” 注意：以I think/believe开头的宾语从句，变为否定句时需否定前移。 I think he is a good boy. 我觉得他是个好孩子。(变否定句） → I don't think he is a good boy. 我觉得他不是一个好孩子。 12、I can lend you my pen. 我可以把我的钢笔借给你。 【详解】lend为动词，译为“借”，常跟介词to； 常见搭配：lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物 辨析：lend/borrow/keep borrow v.借入 borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物 短暂性动作，不与一段时间连用 lend v.借出 后面跟介词to，表示“借给某人”；短暂性动作，不能与一段时间连用 keep v.保存（借用一段时间） 常与一段时间连用 --My bike is broken. Could I borrow yours? -- Sure. You can keep it for two days. She lent me a book. = She lent a book to me. 她借给我一本书。 I borrowed a book from the library. 我从图书馆借了一本书。 13、We have to turn them off and keep them in our lockers. 我们不得不关机然后把它们存在储物柜里。 【详解】turn off 关闭 相当于switch off 当宾语为代词时，放在中间。 The baby is sleeping. Please turn off the television. 拓展：turn相关短语: turn on 打开 turn down 调小；拒绝 turn up 调大；出现 turn...into 转变成... 14、-Thanks for telling me, Anne. 谢谢你告诉我，安妮。 -You’re welcome, Tom.不客气，汤姆。 【详解】Thank you for...意为“为...而感谢你（们）”，相当于thanks for... ；for是介词，表示原因，后接名词、代词或动词-ing形式。 You’re welcome “别客气，不用谢”，用于礼貌地回答别人的感谢。 【拓展】常用的答语还有Not at all. /That’s OK. /That’s all right. / (It’s)my pleasure... 15、Don’t jump the queue. You must wait for your turn. 不要插队。你必须等着轮到你。 【详解】wait为动词，译为“等待”。 【词组】wait for sb 等候某人 wait for sb to do sth 等候某人干某事 can’t wait to do sth 迫不及待干某事 Someone is waiting for you there. 在那儿有人在等候你。 We are waiting for him to go shopping now .现在我们正在等候他一起去购物。 I can’t wait to meet my parents .我迫不及待要见我的父母。 16、But you must tell your teacher about it when you have to be absent from class.但是当你不得不缺课时你必须告诉你的老师。 【详解】①tell 动词 告诉 【词组】tell sb about sth 告诉某人关于某东西 tell sb to do sth 告诉某人干某事 tell sb not to do sth 告诉某人不要干某事 Our teacher told us not to play football on the road .我们老师告诉我们不要在道路上踢足球。 ②absent为形容词，译为“缺席的”，其名词形式为absence。 【词组】be absent from... 缺席...... He is often absent from school .他经常缺课。 17、We must keep quiet. We mustn’t make noise. 我们必须保持安静。我们不准制造噪音。 【详解】①quiet为形容词，译为“安静的、宁静的、文静的”，其副词形式为quietly。 常见搭配： be quiet = keep quiet 保持安静。 Be quiet ,my father is sleeping .保持安静，我爸爸正在睡觉。 ②noise为不可数名词，译为“噪音”；其形容词形式为noisy，译为“吵闹的”。 常见搭配：make noise 制造噪音 【拓展】sound, voice与noise区别： sound泛指任何声音，不论其高低、是否悦耳等。 I heard the sound of running water. 我听见流水声。 noise表示噪音、喧闹，指的是人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声。它既可以作可数名词，也可以作不可数名词。There’s a lot of noise here. 这个地方人声嘈杂。 voice用于人时，指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音，也可指发言权。用于其他方面时，常含悦耳之声，如鸟鸣声，乐器声音等。 Please speak in a louder voice. 请大声说。 18、I have to hurry to school because I can’t be late for school. 我必须快点上学因为上学不能迟到。 【详解】hurry为动词，译为“赶紧，匆忙”；hurry也可为名词，译为“赶紧、匆忙”。 【词组】hurry to do sth. 匆忙做某事 hurry to+地方 匆忙去某地 in a hurry 匆忙、急切 hurry up 快点、赶快 I go to school in a hurry without having breakfast.我没有吃早餐就匆忙去上学。 19、I have to finish my homework first. 我必须先完成我的作业。 【详解】finish为动词，译为“完成、结束”。相当于“be over” 常见搭配：finish doing sth. 结束做某事 I finally finished doing my homework. 我最后完成了作业。 20、I can only play basketball after I practise the piano.我练习完钢琴后才能打篮球。 【详解】①play basketball 打篮球 play后接球类或棋牌类时无需加定冠词，后面接乐器时需加定冠词the。play+球/棋类 play the+乐器类 My sister likes playing the piano while I like playing basketball. ②practise v. 练习 其名词 practice 练习 【词组】practise doing sth练习做某事 I practise playing football for one hour after school .我明天放学后训练足球一个小时。 21、I know it’s hard, but rules can help to make the world better. 我知道那很难，但是规则可以帮助让世界变得更好。 【详解】①hard为形容词，译为“难的”，相当于difficult；也可译为“坚固的、结实的”； It’s hard(difficult) for me to work out the problem .对我来说，解决这个问题很难。 【拓展】 hard 与hardly 区别 hard也可为副词，译为“努力地、猛烈地”。 hardly 意思是“几乎不”，表“否定”含义。 It's raining hard now，I hardly go out . 现在正在下大雨,我几乎不能出去。 ②make在此处为动词，译为“使成为”，也可译为“制作” 常见搭配：make a cake 做蛋糕 make sb./sth + 形容词 使某人/某事处于某种状态 make sb. do sth. 使某人某事 The story makes me happy. 这个故事让我快乐。 The story make me cry. 这个故事使我感到流泪。 22、Don’t fight with your classmates.不要和你的同学打架。 【详解】fight v.打架；战斗 ；fight也可作名词，译为“打架” 【词组】fight with sb 和某人打架 fight against sb 和某人作战 fight for...为...而斗争 My grandfather fought against the Fascists in Spain.我的祖父在西班牙与法西斯作战。 They are fighting for the peace. 他们正在为和平而战。 单元语法 祈使句 一、定义 用于表达请求、命令、建议、禁止等的句子叫祈使句。祈使句一般没有主语，实际上是省略了“You”。句末用感叹号或句号,读降调。例如: （1）Go and wash your hands. 去洗你的手。（命令） （2）Be quiet, please. 请安静。（请求） （3）Practice the guitar every day. 每天练习吉他。（劝告） 补充: （1） 有时将主语you表示出来是为了加强语气或表示“不高兴”、“厌烦”、“鄙视”等情绪。 如: You, get out of here! 你，从这里出去！ （2）表示礼貌,常在句首或句末加 please 如：Please stand up. 或 Stand up, please. 请起立。 二、句型 类型 句型结构 示例 Do型 （表示行为的动词原形） 肯定：动词原型＋其他 Open the door! Stand up! Sit down! 否定：Don’t＋动词原型＋其他 Don’t open the door! Don’t eat in classroom! Be型 肯定：Be＋其他 Be quiet! Be careful! 否定：Don’t＋be ＋其他 Don’t be quiet! Don’t be late! let型 肯定：let sb do sth Let me help you. 否定：Don’t let sb do sth/ Let sb not do sth Don’t let him go. Let him not go. 注意：表示禁止，常用于标语的否定祈使句： No ＋doing ! / No ＋可数名词复数／不可数名词！ No smoking! = Don’t smoke! No photos! = Don’t take photos! 情态动词can/must/have to 一、can的用法 can是情态动词，意为＂能；会＂，表示某人或某物具备的能力，还可用来提出请求，没有人称和数的变化，后面直接接动词原形。下面来看一下它的具体用法。 1. 表示有能力做某事，意为＂能；会＂。 I can speak English.我会讲英语。 He can play basketball.他会打篮球。[来 2. 表示许可，意为＂可以＂。 You can sit here.你可以坐在这儿。 3. 情态动词can表示推测，意为＂可能＂，常用语否定句、疑问句中。 It can’t be a cat. It has a short tail. 它不可能是猫，它有一个短尾巴。 二、must的用法 （1）must表示主观义务，意思是＂应该，必须＂，其否定式mustn’t意为＂不应该，不准＂。情态动词不能单独作谓语动词，必须和动词原形一起构成谓语。 We must get there before five o’clock. 我们必须在五点钟前赶到那儿。 You mustn’t break the rules. 你不要破坏规定。 He must have seen the film last night. 他昨天晚上肯定看了那场电影。 You must read a book before you watch TV. 在看电视前你必须读书。 对用must所提问题的否定回答，常用needn’t或don’t have to，意思为：不必。 Must I stay here after school? 放学后我还得留在这儿吗？ No, you needn’t / don’t have to. 不了，没有必要。 （2）must表示推测，意思为：一定，必定(只用于肯定句中)。 He must be our headmaster. 他肯定是我们的校长。 （3）must用于否定句时，mustn’t意为＂不允许，禁止＂，而不表示＂不必＂。 You mustn’t be late for school. 你千万不要上学迟到。 （4）以must开头的一般疑问句，若作否定回答，可以用needn’t或don’t have to，不用mustn’t。 —Must I clean all the rooms? 我必须打扫所有的房间吗？ —No, you needn’t/don’t have to. 不，你不必。 3、 have to的用法 表示客观要求，意思为：不得不；必须；除此之外，别无选择。使用have to应注意以下几点： （1）have to后接动词原形，意为＂必须做……；不得不做……＂。 We have no food home, you have to go and get some, Tom. 家里没有食物了，汤姆你得去买一些来。 （2）have to 有人称、数和时态的变化，其第三人称单数形式为has to。 She has to help her mom make dinner. 她不得不帮她妈妈做晚饭。 There’s no bus here, so we had to walk home. 现在这里没有汽车了，我们只好走路回家了。 （3）含有have to, has to的句子需分别借助动词do, does构成疑问句或否定句。 Do they have to go now? 他们得现在回家吗？ You don’t have to go if you don’t want to. 如果你不想去，你就不必去。 辨析：have to可以用于多种时态；而must只用于一般现在时或一般将来时。 The composition is due to hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night. 作文今天早晨到期，因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。 单元写作 一、写作思路 本单元话题为“规则(Rules)”。要求用情态动词must，can 和have to 以及祈使句介绍学校或家庭中的规章制度。通过学习和写作关于规章制度的文章，理解并遵从旨在维护秩序和保护大多数人利益的各种规定、规则、约定以及制度，从而初步建立规则意识和契约精神，做一名遵纪守法的好公民。 二、写作步骤 第一步：引出话题，说明要写的规章制度。 第二步： 结合具体事例，详细介绍规章制度，区分应该做的和不应该做的事情。 第三步：端正认识，抒发对规章制度的感想。 三、黄金语料 1）开头句 1. Let me tell ... 2. There are too many rules in my family/our school. 3. Can you give me some advice on...? 4. It’s boring to have too many rules. 5. I just can’t stand the rules like... 2）中间句 1. First, I have to ...in the morning. 2. Second, I must ... 3. But why do we have to follow them? 4. I know these rules may be helpful, but... 5. What if I don’t follow...? 6. Can I be myself without these rules? 7. Yes,they are important in life. But for me... 8. Perhaps these rules are necessary for... 3）结尾句 1. All in all, we must follow them ... 2. They are strict, but they are also important for our life ... 3. To make our life better, let’s follow them. 4. Rules are necessary in life and school. 5. I agree that freedom depends on rules. 四、写作任务 最近，为了进一步加强对学生的管理，许多学校制订了新的校规。假如你是李华，请你根据下面表格的内容提示，用英文给你的笔友Mark写一封信，介绍你校的新校规，并谈谈你的看法。 作业 按时完成 手机 禁止进校 睡眠 约9 小时 阅读 一周一本好书 锻炼 一天1 小时 安全 1. 不打架 2. ……(至少补充一点) 你的看法 …… 要求： 1. 内容必须包含所给要点，并适当发挥； 2. 词数70 左右。开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。 Dear Mark, How’s it going? I’m glad to share my new school rules with you.________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________What about your school rules? Please write to me soon. Yours, Li Hua 精彩必背范文 Dear Mark, How’s it going? I’m glad to share my new school rules with you. We must finish our homework on time. We can’t bring mobile phones to school. We had better get about 9 hours’ sleep a day. We must read a good book once a week.Doing exercise is also important. We must do exercise an hour a day. We must keep safe . Don’t fight with each other and never go swimming alone. I think these school rules are good for us.We must follow them. What about your school rules? Please write to me soon. Yours, Li Hua 根据对话内容，从选项中选择恰当的句子完成对话，使其完整、通顺。 John: Hi, my name’s John. It’s my first day at school. Alice: Hi, John. I’m Alice. 1 John: Really? 2 Alice: Well, don’t be late for class. This is very important. John: 3 Can we bring music players to school? Alice: No, we can’t. What else? Oh, we can’t fight with our classmates. 4 And we always have to wear the school uniform. John: 5 Alice: Oh, and we also have to be quiet in the library. A．What are some of the rules? B．I see. C．This is a great school, but there are a lot of rules. D．Nice to meet you! E．OK, so we must be on time. F．That makes the teachers really unhappy. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．E 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是约翰和爱丽丝之间的对话，爱丽丝向约翰介绍学校的规则。 1．根据下文“Well, don’t be late for class.”可知，此处应为爱丽丝向约翰介绍学校的相关信息，且与“规则”有关；故“这是一所好学校，但是有很多规则。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据上下文“This is a great school, but there are a lot of rules.…Well, don’t be late for class.”可知，爱丽丝说学校有很多规则，所以约翰询问规则是什么；故“有哪些规则？”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据上文“Well, don’t be late for class.”可知，此处应与“上课不要迟到”有关；故“好的，所以我们必须准时。”符合语境。故选E。 4．根据上文“Oh, we can’t fight with our classmates.”可知，此处应与“和同学打架”有关，可能介绍和同学打架的后果；故“那让老师们非常不高兴。”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据上文“Oh, we can’t fight with our classmates. That makes the teachers really unhappy. And we always have to wear the school uniform.”可知，爱丽丝向约翰介绍了几条校规，约翰应对此表示回应；故“我明白了。”符合语境。故选B。 考点1：arrive/ get/ reach区别 1．—Could you tell me when you will ________ Yangzhou? —I’m not sure. When I ________, I will call you. A．arrive; reach B．reach; get to C．get to; arrive D．reach; arrive at 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你什么时候到达扬州吗？——我不确定。我到时给你打电话。 考查动词辨析。get to，reach和arrive表示“到达”。get to和reach是及物动词，后面跟名词或代词；arrive是不及物动词，当接地点名词或代词时，使用介词in(接大地方)或at(接小地方)。Yangzhou是地点名词，故第一个空可填reach，get to 或arrive in；第二句没有宾语，使用不及物动词arrive；故选C。 2．—What time will you ______ Shanghai, Mike? —At about 5 p.m., so I should ______ Nanjing Railway Station at 3 p.m. A．get; reach B．get; arrive in C．reach; arrive D．arrive in; get to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——迈克，你什么时候到上海？——大约下午5点，所以我应该在下午3点到达南京火车站。 考查动词辨析以及动词短语。get得到；get to到达；reach到达，及物动词；arrive in到达；arrive到达，不及物动词。根据语境可知，两个空都表示“到达”，且空后都有宾语，两个空都应用及物动词或及物动词短语，结合选项可知，选项D符合。故选D。 考点2：Wear, put on, dress, in区别 1．Don’t ________ your coat again. You ________ too many clothes. A．wear; are wearing B．put on; wear C．wear; put on D．put on; put on 【答案】B 【详解】句意：不要再穿上你的外套。你穿太多衣服了。 考查动词和动词短语辨析。wear穿着（强调状态）；put on穿上（强调动作）。分析“Don’t...your coat again.”可知，此处表示不要再穿上你的外套，强调动作，应用put on；分析“You...too many clothes.”可知，此处表示穿太多衣服了，强调状态，应用wear。故选B。 2．Red is my favorite color, so I often ________ red clothes when going out. A．put on B．wear C．in 【答案】B 【详解】句意：红色是我最喜欢的颜色，因此我外出时经常穿红色的衣服。 考查及物动词。put on穿上，表动作；wear穿，表状态；in穿，介词。分析句子结构可知此处应用动词作谓语，根据“often”可知此处应用动词wear表示平时的穿着习惯。故选B。 考点3：polite词性 1．—I think Li Lei is a ________ boy.     —I agree with you. He always speaks to others ________. A．polite; politely B．polite; polite C．politely; politely D．politely; polite 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我认为李雷是一个有礼貌的男孩。——我同意你说的。他总是礼貌地和别人说话。 考查形容词和副词。polite礼貌的，形容词；politely有礼貌地，副词。第一空用形容词作定语，第二空用副词修饰动词。故选A。 2．Eating something in class is _______. A．polite B．politely C．impolite D．impolitely 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在课堂上吃东西是不礼貌的。 考查形容词副词辨析。polite礼貌的；politely礼貌地；impolite不礼貌的；impolitely不礼貌地。由常识可知，在课堂上吃东西是不礼貌的；be动词后要用形容词作表语。故选C。 考点4：put up用法 1．Could you please ________ your book and help us ________ the tent? A．put up; put on B．put up; put down C．put down; put up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：请问你能放下你的书，帮我们搭建帐篷吗？ 考查动词短语。put up搭建；put on穿上；put down放下。根据“...your book and help us...the tent”可知，是放下书帮我们搭建帐篷。故选C。 2．Andrew once tried to ________ a brighter light in his bedroom, but he failed in the end. A．put away B．put on C．put in D．put up 【答案】C 【详解】句意：安德鲁曾经试图在他的卧室里装一盏更亮的灯，但他最终失败了。 考查动词短语辨析。put away整理；put on穿上；put in安装；put up张贴。根据“Andrew once tried to...a brighter light in his bedroom”可知，是安装一盏灯，故选C。 考点5：have to 与must 区别 1．—Must he take the pills three times a day? —No, he ________. A．mustn’t B．doesn’t have to C．couldn’t 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——他必须一天吃三次药片吗？——不，他不必。 考查情态动词。mustn’t一定不；doesn’t have to不必；couldn’t不能。根据“Must he take the pills three times a day?”可知，含情态动词的一般疑问句，否定回答应该用don’t have to/needn’t“不必”。故选B。 2．My bike is broken, ________ I ________ buy a new one. A．or; must B．or; have to C．so; must D．so; have to 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我的自行车坏了，所以我不得不买辆新的。 考查连词词义辨析及情态动词。or或者；so所以；must必须，侧重于说话者的主观看法，认为有必要或有义务去做某事；have to必须，则强调客观需要。根据语境可知，此处表示结果，故第一空应用so；根据“My bike is broken”可知，此处强调客观的原因，故第二空应用have to。故选D。 考点6：lend与borrow区别 1．—Can I ________ your pen, Tom? —Sorry. I’m using it , so I can’t _________ it to you. A．borrow, borrow B．lend, lend C．borrow, lend D．lend, borrow 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——汤姆，我能借你的钢笔吗？——抱歉。我正在用它，所以我不能把它借给你。 考查动词辨析。borrow借入；lend借出。根据“Sorry. I’m using it”可知，第一个空，句子表达的是说话者想从汤姆那里借入钢笔，所以用borrow；第二个空，汤姆表示自己正在用，不能把钢笔借给对方，是借出的意思，要用lend。故选C。 2．I ________ the storybook from the reading room this morning, and I can ________ it for a week. A．lent; keep B．kept; borrow C．borrowed; keep D．borrowed; lend 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天早上我从阅览室借了一本故事书，我可以保存一个星期。 考查动词辨析。keep保存，延续性动词；borrow...from从某处借某物；lend...to把某物借给某人。根据“from the reading room”可知，从阅览室借了一本故事书，第一空borrowed符合句意；根据“for a week”可知，第二空需要延续性动词，keep符合句意，故选C。 考点7：find 与look for区别 1．John is ______ her wallet, but he can’t ______ it. A．looking at; find B．looking for; find C．seeing; looking for 【答案】B 【详解】句意：John正在寻找她的钱包，但是他没有找到它。 考查动词及动词短语。look at看见；look for寻找；find发现；see看见。第一空表示正在寻找钱包，用look for，时态为现在进行时，用动词现在分词；第二空表示没有找到，用find表示结果。故选B。 考点8：turn相关词组 1．It’s very hot. Let me ________ the air-conditioner. A．turn off B．to turn off C．to turn on D．turn on 【答案】D 【详解】句意：天气很热。让我把空调打开吧。 考查动词短语辨析。turn off关闭；turn on打开。根据“It’s very hot.”可知此处指打开空调；let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”。故选D。 2．—Why did you ________ Jim’s invitation? —Because I had to study for my coming test. I had no time. A．turn down B．turn on C．turn up D．turn off 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你为什么拒绝了吉姆的邀请？ ——因为我得为即将到来的考试复习。我没有时间。 考查动词短语。turn down拒绝，关小，调低；turn on打开；turn up出现，调高；turn off关掉。根据下文“Because I had to study for my coming test. I had no time.”可知说话者因为忙着准备考试而拒绝了吉姆的邀请。故选A。 考点9：hurry用法 1．—You’ re ________. Where are you going? —To the bus station. The bus is leaving very soon. A．in the end B．in fact C．in a hurry D．in public 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你很匆忙。你要去哪里？——去公交车站。公交车马上就要开了。 考查介词短语。in the end终于，最后；in fact事实上；in a hurry匆忙；in public公开地。根据“To the bus station. The bus is leaving very soon.”可知，车快要开了，所以推断对方很匆忙。故选C。 2．________! Our parents are waiting for us at the school gate. A．Stand up B．Hurry up C．Pick up D．Look up 【答案】B 【详解】句意：快点！我们的父母在学校门口等我们。 考查动词短语辨析。Stand up站起来；Hurry up快点；Pick up捡起来；Look up查询，查找。根据“Our parents are waiting for us at the school gate.”可知，我们的父母正在门口等着呢，因此要快点。故选B。 考点10：finish 用法 1．— Let’s ________ to the movies! — I’m sorry. I must finish ________ my homework first. A．go; do B．going; doing C．go; doing D．going; do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——让我们去看电影！——对不起。我必须先完成作业。 考查非谓语动词。let sb. do sth.“让某人做某事”，第一空用动词原形；finish doing sth.“完成做某事”，第二空用动名词作宾语。故选C。 考点11：practise用法 1．There will be a test soon, so the students have to practise _________ basketball more. A．playing B．to play C．play D．plays 【答案】A 【详解】句意：马上就要考试了，所以学生们必须多练习打篮球。 考查动词短语。“practise doing sth.意为“练习做某事”，“doing sth.”作practise的宾语，其中doing为动名词形式。故选A。 考点12：make用法 1．My mum makes me ________ my room at once. A．to clean B．cleaning C．to cleaning D．clean 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我妈妈让我马上打扫房间。 考查使役动词make和动词短语。to clean动词不定式；cleaning打扫，动名词/ 现在分词；to cleaning（介词to+动名词）；clean打扫，动词。根据“makes me...”可知，make sb. do sth表示 “让某人干某事”，make为使役动词，后接动词原形，clean为动词原形。故选D。 2．There is a big window in the living room, and it makes the room very ________. A．dark B．bright C．small D．dirty 【答案】B 【详解】句意：客厅里有一扇大窗户，它使房间非常明亮。 考查形容词辨析。dark黑暗的；bright明亮的；small小的；dirty脏的。根据“There is a big window in the living room, and it makes the room very...”可知，窗户使得房间明亮。故选B。 一、单项选择 1．Don’t ________ wild mushrooms (野生菌) that you don’t know. A．to eat B．eats C．eat D．eating 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要吃你不认识的野生蘑菇。 考查否定祈使句。本句是祈使句的否定形式，其结构为：Don’t+动词原形。故选C。 2．—We need to keep ________ when the movie is on. —That’s right and that can help people enjoy the movie. A．quiet B．clean C．close 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——看电影时，我们需要保持安静。——没错，这有助于人们欣赏电影。 考查形容词辨析。quiet安静的；clean清洁的；close亲密的。根据“keep ... when the movie is on”和“... that can help people enjoy the movie”可知看电影时应该保持安静。故选A。 3．Jack is ________. He always smiles and says hello to others. A．noisy B．strict C．polite 【答案】C 【详解】句意：杰克很有礼貌。他总是微笑着和别人打招呼。 考查形容词辨析。noisy嘈杂的；strict严格的；polite礼貌的。根据“He always smiles and say hello to others.”可知，杰克常面带微笑地跟人打招呼，可推知他很有礼貌。故选C。 4．Please be ________. Look! The boy is sleeping. A．quiet B．clean C．close 【答案】A 【详解】句意：请保持安静。看！这个男孩正在睡觉。 考查形容词辨析。quiet安静的；clean干净的；close接近的。根据“The boy is sleeping.”可知，男孩正在睡觉，所以要保持安静，故选A。 5．—Mom, I don’t want to go to school with that uniform (校服). —But you ________, honey. It’s a rule, you know that. A．have to B．can C．may 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——-妈妈，我不想穿这身校服去上学。——但你必须这么做，亲爱的。这是规则，你知道的。 考查动词辨析。have to不得不，必须；can可以；may也许。根据“It’s a rule”可知，是规定，必须穿校服，故选A。 6．—Oh, it’s too _______. I can’t do my homework here. —The next room is quiet. You can go there. A．great B．quick C．funny D．noisy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——哦，太吵了。我不能在这里做作业。 ——隔壁房间很安静。你可以去那里。 考查形容词辨析。great美妙的；quick迅速的；funny有趣的；noisy嘈杂的。根据答语“The next room is quiet. You can go there.”可知，此处是指这儿太吵闹了，无法写作业。故选D。 7．Our Chinese teacher has many good books. We often ________ books from him. A．lend B．keep C．learn D．borrow 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的语文老师有许多好书。我们经常向他借书。 考查动词辨析。lend借出；keep保持；learn学习；borrow借入。根据“We often...books from him.”可知，此处是borrow...from...短语，意为“向……借”。故选D。 8．—Is everyone here? —No. Mr. Smith is absent ________ the meeting because he is ill. A．from B．to C．as 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——大家都在这里吗？——不，史密斯先生因病缺席会议。 考查固定搭配。from从；to到；as作为。根据“is absent ...the meeting because he is ill.”可知，此处是考查固定短语be absent from“缺席”。故选A。 9．Here comes the bus. The children can’t wait _________. A．getting on it B．to get on it C．get on it D．for getting on it 【答案】B 【详解】句意：公交车来了。孩子们迫不及待地想要上车。 考查动词短语。根据题干可知，孩子们要迫不及待地想要上公交车，应用短语can’t wait to do sth.，表示“迫不及待做某事”。故选B。 10．As for students, they usually have fun ________ with their friends. A．to hang out B．hang out C．hung out D．hanging out 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对学生来说，他们通常和朋友一起玩得很开心。 考查动名词。hang out“闲逛”，have fun doing sth“很开心做某事”，固定搭配，空处用动名词形式。故选D。 二、完形填空 My name is Sebina White. I am a student from No. 20 Middle School. We have some 11 at school and at home. We can’t get to 12 late. We have to finish our homework. We can’t stay out 13 school nights. We 14 wear the school uniform at school. Some students think these rules are 15 , and they don’t like them. But I don’t agree (同意) with them. I think these rules can help 16 a lot. If (如果) we don’t follow them, 17 can we do well in our studies? For example, our teachers ask us to clean our classroom after school. If we don’t, the classroom can be very 18 . It is bad for our health, too. If your parents ask you 19 to bed early and you don’t listen to them, you can’t get up 20 next morning. Everyone needs some rules. Do you think so? 11．A．books B．clothes C．rules D．classmates 12．A．school B．home C．hallway D．dining hall 13．A．at B．in C．for D．on 14．A．have to B．has to C．can’t D．mustn’t 15．A．good B．bad C．funny D．easy 16．A．me B．you C．us D．them 17．A．what B．how C．when D．where 18．A．clean B．beautiful C．dirty D．scary 19．A．to be B．to go C．be D．go 20．A．in time B．at a time C．on the time D．on time 【答案】 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．B 16．C 17．B 18．C 19．B 20．D 【导语】本文介绍了作者的家规和校规。 11．句意：我们在学校和家里都有一些规定。 books书；clothes衣服；rules规定 ；classmates同学。根据“Some students think these rules are...”可知提到了规定，故选C。 12．句意：我们不能上学迟到。 school学校；home家；hallway走廊；dining hall餐厅。根据“We have to finish our homework”可知是上学不能迟到。故选A。 13．句意：在上学日的晚上，我们不能待在外面。 at在；in在里面；for为了；on在上面。on school nights“在上学日的晚上”，故选D。 14．句意：我们在学校必须穿校服。 have to不得不，动词原形；has to不得不，have to的第三人称单数形式；can’t不能；mustn’t禁止。根据“wear the school uniform at school”可知，在学校必须穿校服，主语we是复数，故选A。 15．句意：有些学生认为这些规则不好。 good好的；bad坏的；funny滑稽的；easy简单的。根据“and they don’t like them”可知，有些学生认为这些规则不好。故选B。 16．句意：我想这些规则可以帮助我们很多。 me我；you你；us我们；them他们。根据“If (如果) we don’t follow them”可知，规则帮助我们很多。故选C。 17．句意：我们怎样才能学好呢？ what什么；how怎样；when什么时候；where哪里。根据“…can we do well in our studies?”可知，如果不遵守规则，我们怎么才能学好，故选B。 18．句意：如果我们不打扫，教室就会很脏。 clean干净的；beautiful美丽的；dirty脏的；scary吓人的。根据“our teachers ask us to clean our classroom after school. If we don’t”可知如果我们不打扫教室，教室会很脏。故选C。 19．句意：如果你的父母让你早睡。 to be是，动词不定式；to go去，动词不定式；be是，动词原形；go去，动词原形。go to bed early“早睡”，ask sb. to do sth“要求某人做某事”。故选B。 20．句意：第二天你不能按时起床。 in time及时；at a time每次；on the time在某个时间；on time准时。根据“you can’t get up”可知如果不早睡，就不能按时起床。故选D。 三、阅读理解 A Every school has its rules (规则). Here are some school rules in different countries. Japanese school rules Most Japanese schools ask the students to wear uniforms. In many Japanese schools, if the schools don’t know, students can’t go to the cinema, leave home in the evening or play computer games. Different shoes in the USA In some schools, students must wear indoor (室内) shoes at school every day. So the students can’t fall down, and they are safe on the floors. They can keep the school clean, too. Students can’t eat gums (口香糖) , because they’re hard to clean. No strange hair in the UK Students can’t have strange (奇怪的) hair in some British schools. But the students can have certain hairstyle (发型) in the World Cup years. 21．The underlined word “uniforms” means _________. A．书包 B．手套 C．校服 D．通行证 22．The students can’t leave home in the evening in _________ if they don’t tell their schools. A．Japan B．the USA C．the UK D．China 23．Why can’t the students eat gums at school in the USA? A．It is not safe. B．It’s hard to clean. C．They have no time. D．They aren’t cheap. 24．Which is the best title for the passage? A．Students around the world B．Happy school life C．Interesting School Rules D．Different schools 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．B 24．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了不同国家的一些校规。 21．词义猜测题。根据“Most Japanese schools ask the students to wear uniforms”可知学校是要求学生穿校服，故此处划线部分意为“校服”。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据“In many Japanese schools, if the schools don’t know, students can’t go to the cinema, leave home in the evening or play computer games.”可知在许多日本学校，如果学校不知道，学生就不能去看电影、晚上离家或玩电脑游戏。故选A。 23．细节理解题。根据“Students can’t eat gums (口香糖) , because they’re hard to clean.”可知学生不能吃口香糖，因为它们很难清理。故选B。 24．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了不同国家的一些校规。故选C。 B Dear Mike, Thanks for your email. I want the exchange (交流), too! Anyway, about school rules (规章). The school here isn’t strict (严格的) about most things, but there are some things you need to know. First of all—clothes. You can wear what you want, but you can’t wear jeans with holes (洞) in them. You should wear comfortable things. The school is quite strict about phones. You can bring them, but you need to keep them in a place as required (要求) before class. You can’t just put them on silent (静音). And you can bring food to school, but you must eat it outside the classroom. If it’s raining, you can eat in the classroom. In fact, it’s a good school and the teachers are kind. You don’t need to worry about anything here. Hope my advice (建议) is helpful to you. Write again soon, OK? And tell me if there’s anything else you need to know. Yours, Jenny 25．What does Jenny mainly tell Mike in the email? A．After-school clubs. B．School rules. C．What to wear at school. D．Where to eat at school. 26．Where should students put their phones before class? A．In their coats. B．In the library. C．In a place as required. D．Outside the school. 27．Which of the following is True? A．Mike writes this email to Jenny. B．Jenny’s school is strict about everything. C．Jenny gives helpful advice to Mike. D．The teachers in the school are not kind. 28．What may Mike most probably (最有可能) write back in his email? A．Where to have lunch at school. B．His favourite jeans with holes. C．How to put phones on silent in class. D．Things he needs to get ready for the school. 【答案】25．B 26．C 27．C 28．D 【导语】本文是Jenny写给Mike的一封邮件，在邮件中Jenny向Mike介绍了学校的一些校规。 25．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Anyway, about school rules (规章)...You can wear what you want, but you can’t wear jeans with holes (洞) in them.”和第三段“The school is quite strict about phones. You can bring them, but you need to keep them in a place as required (要求) before class.”可知，Jenny在邮件中主要告诉Mike校规。故选B。 26．细节理解题。根据第三段“The school is quite strict about phones. You can bring them, but you need to keep them in a place as required (要求) before class.”可知，学生上课前要把手机放在要求的地方。故选C。 27．细节理解题。根据第四段“Hope my advice (建议) is helpful to you.”可知，Jenny给了Mike有益的建议。故选C。 28．推理判断题。根据第一段“I want the exchange (交流), too!”以及第四段“In fact, it’s a good school and the teachers are kind. You don’t need to worry about anything here.”可知，Mike将要来Jenny的学校做交流，由此推知，迈克最有可能在回信中询问他上学需要准备的东西。故选D。 C Living in a school dormitory (宿舍) can be a good way to make friends. But students should also learn to follow the rules. Please read the school dormitory rules carefully. ●All student dormitory buildings have electronic locking systems (电子锁系统). Students can open the door with their student ID cards. ●All student rooms have locks. Each student has a key to his or her room. ●Two students share one room. Students should be friendly to each other. ●The student dormitory is a place to study and sleep. Please do not make too much noise. ●Students may have visitors sometimes. All visitors should register (登记) at the gatehouse. Visitors can’t stay in the dormitory overnight. ●Both students should clean the room. ●No pets are allowed (允许) in the school dormitory. 29．The passage is mainly about ___________. A．a school dormitory B．school rules C．school dormitory rules D．library rules 30．How can students open the door of the dormitory building? A．They can use the student ID cards. B．They can use the room key. C．They can call the teacher. D．They can make some noise. 31．What can students do in the dormitory? A．Dance and sing loudly. B．Ask visitors to stay for a night. C．Keep a dog as a pet. D．Do the homework and sleep. 32．You can see this kind of reading most probably ___________. A．in the newspaper B．in a magazine C．in the school D．on the Internet 【答案】29．C 30．A 31．D 32．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要列举了学校宿舍的一些规则。 29．主旨大意题。根据“Please read the school dormitory rules carefully.”以及全文内容可知，本文主要列举了学校宿舍的一些规则。故选C。 30．细节理解题。根据“Students can open the door with their student ID cards.”可知，学生可以用学生证开宿舍楼的门。故选A。 31．细节理解题。根据“The student dormitory is a place to study and sleep.”可知，宿舍是学习和睡觉的地方，所以在宿舍可以做作业和睡觉。故选D。 32．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了学校宿舍的规则，由此可以推断最有可能在学校看到这篇文章。故选C。 D Dear Li Han, Hi! I’m very happy to be your pen friend. My name is Susan White. I am from New York. 33 Now I am studying in Simon Baruch Middle School and I am in Grade Seven. 34 There are some rules (规则) in my school. For example, we have to wear school uniforms (制服) on school days. We have to do morning exercises every day. We can’t fight with others. We can’t use phones in class, either. These rules are strict (严格的), but I think they are good for us. 35 I want to learn it well because I wish to go to China one day. Mr. Huang is our Chinese teacher. He is very strict. 36 We have to finish our homework on time. We can’t leave it for the next day. I don’t have many rules at home. 37 I can eat in my bedroom. I can read in bed and get up late on Sundays. But I can’t listen to music at night. My parents think it’s too noisy. Are there any rules in your school or home? Please let me know. Yours, Susan A．It’s in the east of America. B．In his class, we must speak Chinese and do spelling exercises. C．Let me tell you something about my school and family. D．Chinese is my favorite subject. E．I love my teachers and classmates. F．I can invite (邀请) my friends to my house on the weekend. 【答案】33．A 34．C 35．D 36．B 37．F 【导语】本文是Susan给Li Han写的一封信，信中提到了她所在的城市、就读的学校和学校规章制度，也提到了父母对她的要求。 33．根据“I am from New York.”可知，此处介绍自己来自的城市，A项“它在美国东部。”符合语境。故选A。 34．根据“Now I am studying in Simon Baruch Middle School and I am in Grade Seven.”和后文内容可知，接下来介绍的是学校和家里的规则，空处承上启下，C项“让我告诉你一些关于我的学校和家庭的事情。”符合语境。故选C。 35．根据“I want to learn it well because I wish to go to China one day.”可知，她想学好汉语，结合选项，D项“汉语是我最喜爱的学科。”符合语境。故选D。 36．根据“He is very strict.”可知，接下来介绍黄老师如何的严格，B项“在他的课上，我们必须说汉语并做拼写练习。”符合语境。故选B。 37．根据“I don’t have many rules at home…I can eat in my bedroom.”可知，这里讲在家可以做的事情，F项“我能在周末邀请朋友来家里。”符合语境。故选F。 四、任务型阅读 Good morning, everyone! Welcome to our school. Now you are students of the middle school. All the things here are new. The life here is a little different. I think you must know what you can do and what you can’t do. It can help you study well and live happily. There are some rules in our school. You have to come to school from Monday to Friday. You will learn some important subjects, such as Chinese, math, English and science. Classes begin at 8:00. You have four classes in the morning. You have lunch in the school dining hall. You can’t eat in the classroom. Classes are over at 3:30 in the afternoon and then you can join your favorite clubs to have fun. You can’t play balls or run in the classroom or hallways. You mustn’t break these rules. I really hope you will have a happy life here. Thank you. 38．Can you guess who the speaker may be? 39．How many classes do they have in the morning? 40．Where can they have lunch? 41．What is the speaker talking about? 【答案】 38．(The speaker may be) a teacher. 39．(They have) four classes in the morning. 40．(They can have lunch) in the dining hall. 41．(The speaker is talking about) school rules\some rules in the school. 【导语】本文主要内容是说话者向新生介绍学校的校规。 38．根据“Good morning, everyone! Welcome to our school”可推断，说话者为该校人员，可能是老师、校长、班长、学长，选一个填写即可。故填(The speaker may be) a teacher. 39．根据“You have four classes in the morning”可知，上午有四堂课。故填(They have) four classes in the morning. 40．根据“You have lunch in the school dining hall”可知，学生在学校食堂吃午饭。故填(They can have lunch) in the dining hall. 41．根据“There are some rules in our school”可知，说话者是在向新生介绍校规。故填(The speaker is talking about) school rules\some rules in the school. 五、短文填空 We have a lot of rules in our school. I think some of 42 (they) are good for us, but others are not so good. We must wear the school uniform. I think it’s good. If we don’t have this rule, some students will wear expensive clothes. They will think more 43 their clothes, but not study. We can’t be late 44 school and we have to listen to the teacher in class. We can’t be 45 (noise) in the library. We must practice 46 (speak) English every morning. All of 47 (this) rules are good for our study and I like them. We can’t bring mobile phones 48 school. Teachers think we may use mobile phones 49 (listen) to music and do many other things. They are not good for our study. I don’t think it’s a good idea. Sometimes our parents are busy and can’t get home 50 time. They need 51 (tell) us about that. If we don’t take phones, how can they call us? We can’t go to the movies on weekends, either. I know we should study hard, but we need to relax a little, too. 【答案】 42．them 43．about 44．for 45．noisy 46．speaking 47．these 48．to 49．to listen 50．on 51．to tell 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学校里的规则。 42．句意：我认为其中一些对我们有好处，但其他的就不那么好了。根据“I think some of...(they) are good for us,”可知，此处需填人称代词的宾格形式。所给词they“它们”的宾格形式为them。故填them。 43．句意：他们会更多地关注他们的衣服，而不是学习。根据“They will think more...their clothes, but not study”可知，此处需填介词。think about“考虑”。故填about。 44．句意：我们上学不能迟到，我们必须在课堂上听老师讲课。根据“We can’t be late...school and we have to listen to the teacher in class.”可知，此处需填介词for，be late for“做某事迟到”。故填for。 45．句意：我们不能在图书馆喧哗。根据“We can’t be...(noise) in the library.”可知，此处需填形容词，作表语。noise“噪音”的形容词为noisy“吵闹的”。故填noisy。 46．句意：我们必须每天早上练习英语口语。根据“We must practice...(speak) English every morning”可知，此处需填动名词speaking。practice doing“练习做某事”。故填speaking。 47．句意：所有这些规则对我们的学习都有好处，我喜欢它们。根据“All of...(this) rules are good for our study and I like them.”可知，rules为复数，需填复数形式these“这些”。故填these。 48．句意：我们不能把手机带到学校。根据“We can’t bring mobile phones...school”可知，此处需填介词to。bring sth to sp“将某物带到某地”。故填to。 49．句意：老师认为我们可以用手机听音乐和做很多其他的事情。根据“Teachers think we may use mobile phones...(listen) to music and do many other things.”可知，此处需填不定式to listen。use sth to do“用某物做某事”。故填to listen。 50．句意：有时我们的父母很忙，不能按时回家。根据“Sometimes our parents are busy and can’t get home...time.”可知，此处需填介词on。on time“准时”。故填on。 51．句意：关于此事，他们需要通知我们。根据“They need...(tell) us about that”可知，此处需填不定式to tell。need to do“需要做某事”。故填to tell。 六、书面表达 假设你叫李明，你打算向某学生英文网站投稿，介绍你学校的校规。请你根据思维导图内容提示，用英文写一篇短文。 注意： (1)可在思维导图内容提示的基础上适当拓展信息； (2)不得在作文中出现真实校名、地名和考生的真实姓名； (3)语句连贯，词数80左右。作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数。 My School Rules Hi, I’m Li Ming. I’d like to introduce my school rules to you._____________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 My School Rules Hi, I’m Li Ming. I’d like to introduce my school rules to you. First, in terms of learning, we must arrive on time for classes and never be late. We need to complete our homework carefully every day. In terms of behavior, wearing the school uniform is a must. This shows our school spirit and keeps us looking neat and tidy. Also, we should be polite and respectful to teachers and classmates. I believe following these rules is very important. They help create a positive and orderly learning environment. By respecting the rules, we can ensure everyone has a chance to succeed. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：根据所给提示完成写作，不能遗漏信息，以第一和第三人称为主。 [写作步骤] 第一步，文章开头已给出； 第二步，介绍学校的校规：从学习方面、行为方面来具体阐述； 第三步，最后表达自己的看法。 [亮点词汇] ①in terms of 就……而言 ②on time按时 ③be polite to对……有礼貌 [高分句型] ①I believe following these rules is very important.（宾语从句） ②By respecting the rules, we can ensure everyone has a chance to succeed.（动词不定式作定语） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$