精品解析：云南省2024-2025学年高二上学期12月期末英语试题

上海新纪元教育集团高二年级第一学期期末统测英语试卷 本试卷共8页，考试结束后，将答题卡交回 注意事项： 1答题前、考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码和座位号填写清楚。 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写、字体工整、笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。 4.保持卡面消油，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Make a plan. B. Continue the work. C. Start a new project. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A Coach and trainee. B. Mother and son. C. Friends. 3. What are the speakers doing? A. Getting on the plane. B. Providing meal service. C. Making an announcement. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Sports. B. Sleeping habits. C. Physical discomfort. 5. How is the man probably feeling? A. Confused. B. Annoyed. C. Happy. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman feel sorry? A. Her group didn’t finish on time. B. Her group didn’t perform very well. C. Her group members didn’t get on well with each other. 7. Who might the man be? A. The woman’s boss. B. The woman’s team member. C. The woman’s business partner. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How many eggs does the man order? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 9. How much will the man pay for his breakfast? A. £6. B. £7. C. £8. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At an office. B. At school. C. At the woman’s house. 11. When will the speakers probably do the work together? A. On Monday B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 12 What will the man bring to the woman’s house? A. Pizza. B. Juice. C. Ice cream. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the woman’s destination? A. Mongolia. B. Russia. C. China. 14. What happened to the woman? A. She lost her ticket. B. She missed her train. C. She got to the wrong platform. 15. What is the man going to fix? A. A bike. B. A car. C. A train. 16. What is the man giving the woman? A. A map. B. Some food. C. Some warm clothes. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker think of the graduating class? A. They are gifted. B. They are experienced. C. They are hard-working. 18. What is the speaker most likely to be good at? A. Modern painting. B. Fashion design. C. Photo taking. 19. Who will probably speak next? A. James Smith. B. Jane Goodman. C. Michael Watts. 20. What is the speaker doing? A. Giving a class. B. Awarding prizes. C. Hosting an exhibition. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Established in 1984 as a growth program for local high school students, the Simons Summer Research Program now attracts applicants from all across the country to the Stony Brook campus: Simons Fellows are matched with Stony Brook study advisors, join a research group or team, and assume responsibility for a project. The Simons Fellows conclude their program by producing a research poster. In addition to learning valuable techniques and experiencing life at a major research university, Simons Fellows attend weekly research talks and take part in special workshops, tours and events. At the closing meeting on posters, students are presented with a cash award. Eligibility (资格) ●Students interested in science who have shown independence, creativity and an ability to do hands-on work are especially encouraged to apply. ●Applicants must be in their junior year (11th grade) of high school at the time of applying and must be at least 16 years old by the start of the program. Housing and pining Dinner Projected summer 24 program costs (residential): $2,680 (includes $600 Meal Plan and $60 Student Health Services Fee) Residential & Commuter (通勤者) Options: Participants may choose to live on campus with other student researchers or to commute. Students who live on campus are typically housed in a double room in a university residence hall, and are responsible for paying their own housing fees before the program start date. Please note that residential students are not allowed to bring a car to campus. 1. What should participants do in the Simons Summer Research Program? A. Visit their dream colleges. B. Design a research poster. C. Decide on their future major. D. Learn about Simons’ history 2. Which of the following is a requirement for the applicants? A. Their age. B. Their hometown location. C. Their scores. D. Their volunteer experiences. 3. How much is the housing fee for a residential applicant? A. $2,680. B. $2,620. C. $2,080. D. $2,020. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇应用文，介绍了西蒙斯暑期研究项目的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Simons Fellows are matched with Stony Brook study advisors, join a research group or team, and assume responsibility for a project. The Simons Fellows conclude their program by producing a research poster.(西蒙斯研究员将与石溪分校的研究顾问配对，加入一个研究小组或团队，并承担一个项目的责任。西蒙斯研究员通过制作研究海报来结束他们的项目)”可知，参与者需要设计一个研究海报。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Eligibility (资格)部分“Applicants must be in their junior year (11th grade) of high school at the time of applying and must be at least 16 years old by the start of the program.(申请者在申请时必须是高中二年级（11年级），并且在项目开始时必须至少16岁)”可知，参与者有年龄要求。故选A。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Housing and pining Dinner部分“Projected summer 24 program costs (residential): $2,680 (includes $600 Meal Plan and $60 Student Health Services Fee)(预计24个夏季项目费用（住宿）：2,680美元（包括600美元的膳食计划和60美元的学生健康服务费用）)”可知，住宿费应除去膳食费用和健康服务费用，即，2,680美元—600美元—60美元=2020美元。故选D。 B By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen was well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local art center, showcasing his series titled “Dispositions”, which illustrated his own growth during adolescence (青少年). Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his work in a juried exhibition, where a group of art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That’s when he hit an obstacle, discovering in the very last line of a multi- page application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a motivation for creation. “I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin rented a storefront and founded Little EGG Gallery, which is now profitable enough to make ends meet by charging a small hanging fee for any displayed work. In turn, Little EGG helps promote young talent by showcasing their work. Not long after opening, David Griffin, a professor and artist of Ontario College of Art and Design University stepped into the gallery and met Nalin. Griffin regards him as someone special: “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea — creating a space for showing the natural genius of young people. It was a void (空白) in the art world.” There Nalin asked Griffin to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and five- year - old Jack Gamble won for his abstract painting titled Pokemon. As Nalin was busy with school, life and his own art, Little EGG is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still committed to growing it with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. 4. What do we know about Nalin Kamat from the first two paragraphs? A. He drew teenagers’ growth in his work. B. He became a working artist when aged 13. C. He was disqualified for a juried exhibition. D. He showed his series at the capital art center. 5. Why did Nalin decide to set up Little EGG Gallery? A. To promote artists by showcasing their work. B. To form the connection between different galleries. C. To expand his own business through themed shows. D. To show young artists’ talent by offering them a stage. 6. Which of the following can best describe Nalin’s idea of opening the gallery? A. Pioneering. B. Short-lived. C. Popular. D. Unpromising. 7. What kind of person is Nalin Kamat according to the text? A. Helpful and cautious. B. Devoted and creative. C. Humorous and intelligent. D. Knowledgeable and ambitious. 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了15岁的多伦多青少年纳林·卡马特因为无法参加评审展览而受挫，但这激发了他为更多年轻艺术家提供展示机会的决心。在父母的支持下，他创办了Little EGG Gallery的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“That’s when he hit an obstacle, discovering in the very last line of a multi- page application that the minimum age for submission was 18.(就在那时，他遇到了一个障碍，在一份多页申请表的最后一行发现提交作品的最低年龄是18岁。)”可知，Nalin Kamat因为年龄问题而被取消了参加评审展览的资格。故选C。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段““I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin rented a storefront and founded Little EGG Gallery, which is now profitable enough to make ends meet by charging a small hanging fee for any displayed work.(“我想，如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太棒了，”现年15岁的纳林说。在父母的支持下，纳林于2023年1月租了一个店面，并创办了Little EGG Gallery，现在这家画廊通过向任何展示的作品收取小额悬挂费，已经足够盈利来维持生计了。)”可知，他创办Little EGG Gallery的目的是为了给年轻艺术家提供一个展示才华的舞台。故选D。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“That rejection became a motivation for creation. “I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin rented a storefront and founded Little EGG Gallery(那次拒绝成为了他创作的动力。“我想，如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太棒了，”现年15岁的纳林说。在父母的支持下，纳林于2023年1月租了一个店面，并创办了Little EGG Gallery。)”根据第四段“a strong young artist with a really excellent idea — creating a space for showing the natural genius of young people. It was a void ( 空白) in the art world.”（一个有着非常优秀想法的强大年轻艺术家——为展示年轻人的天才创造了一个空间。这是艺术界的一个空白）可知，Nalin想要为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，于是他租了一个店面并创办了Little EGG Gallery，这是一个创新的想法，因此可以用pioneering（开创性的）来形容他的想法。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen was well on his way to becoming a working artist.(到纳林·卡马特13岁时，这位多伦多少年已经踏上了成为职业艺术家的道路。)”、根据文章第二段“That’s when he hit an obstacle, discovering in the very last line of a multi- page application that the minimum age for submission was 18.(就在那时，他遇到了一个障碍，在一份多页申请表的最后一行发现提交作品的最低年龄是18岁。)”和文章第三段“That rejection became a motivation for creation. “I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin rented a storefront and founded Little EGG Gallery(那次拒绝成为了他创作的动力。“我想，如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供机会，那就太棒了，”现年15岁的纳林说。在父母的支持下，纳林于2023年1月租了一个店面，并创办了Little EGG Gallery。)”可知，Nalin Kamat在13岁时就举办了自己的画展，并且因为无法参加评审展览而创办了Little EGG Gallery，展示年轻艺术家的作品。这些行为表明他是一个有创造力和奉献精神的人，因此选项B：Devoted and creative(有奉献精神和创造力的)最符合他的特点。故选B。 C Many cities in the United States could grow their own food locally, raising enough crops and cattle to meet the needs of all residents. This is the finding of an interesting new modeling study from Tufts University, which analyzed the potential for local food production in 378 areas across the US and expected food production. The researchers found that cities in the Northwest in the United States had the greatest potential to raise their own food. Cities along the Eastern seaside and in the Southwest had the least potential and would not be able to meet all their own needs of diet, even if every acre of agricultural land was used for food production. This makes sense, as many of the cities are coastal and lack room for agricultural spreading. The study revealed that the United States have extra agricultural land for feeding the domestic population. Currently, some land is used to raise export crops, but a focus on local food production would start a conversation about how that land gets used. In the words of Peters, lead author and associate professor at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts, “It would be important to make sure policies for supporting local or regional food production benefit conservation and create opportunities for farmers to adopt more sustainable (可持续的) practices. Policies should also recognize the ability of the natural resources in a given local or region and consider the supply chain, including ability for food processing and storage.” Although it’s a far cry from the current reality, it is a nice thought to imagine cities surrounded by food production operations that transport freshly harvested food to nearby homes, and then make use of the leftover food to fertilize fields and generate heat for greenhouses. 8. Why do the cities along the Eastern seaside fail to provide enough food? A. Because citizens are unwilling to grow crops. B. Because the methods of food production are wrong. C. Because they don’t have enough land to grow crops. D. Because their climate limits the agricultural production. 9. What will the focus on local food production lead to? A. More job opportunities for citizens. B. Conversations with the local government. C. A discussion on how to make use of land. D. More specific policies about water resources. 10. What does the underlined phrase “a far cry from” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Closely related to. B. Very different from. C. Exactly the same as. D. Slightly different from. 11. What is the best title of this text? A. The US Government Stops Wasting Food B. Cities Learn to Grow Food From the Villages C. Farmers Have More Chances to Be Employed D. Many Cities in the US Can Grow Their Own Food 【答案】8. C 9. C 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。塔夫茨大学一项有趣的新模型研究的发现美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植和养殖足够的庄稼和牲畜，以满足所有居民的需求。 8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Cities along the Eastern seaside and in the Southwest had the least potential and would not be able to meet all their own needs of diet, even if every acre of agricultural land was used for food production. This makes sense, as many of the cities are coastal and lack room for agricultural spreading.(东部沿海城市和西南部城市的潜力最小，即使每英亩农田都用于粮食生产，它们也无法满足自身对饮食的全部需求。这是有道理的，因为许多城市都是沿海城市，缺乏农业扩张的空间)”可知，东部沿海城市无法提供足够的食物是因为他们没有足够的土地种植庄稼。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Currently, some land is used to raise export crops, but a focus on local food production would start a conversation about how that land gets used. (目前，一些土地用于种植出口作物，但关注当地粮食生产将引发有关这些土地如何利用的讨论)”可知，对当地粮食生产的关注将引发对如何利用土地的讨论。故选C项。 【10题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Although it’s a far cry from the current reality, it is a nice thought to imagine cities surrounded by food production operations that transport freshly harvested food to nearby homes, and then make use of the leftover food to fertilize fields and generate heat for greenhouses.(尽管这与当前的现实 ，但想象一下被食品生产企业包围的城市是一个不错的想法，这些企业将新鲜收获的食物运送到附近的家庭，然后利用剩下的食物给田地施肥，为温室供暖)”以及其中but和imagine可知，前面的内容与实际情况是不一样的，所以猜测a far cry from应表示“与……不同的”的意思。故选B项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Many cities in the United States could grow their own food locally, raising enough crops and cattle to meet the needs of all residents. This is the finding of an interesting new modeling study from Tufts University, which analyzed the potential for local food production in 378 areas across the US and expected food production.(美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植足够的作物和牲畜来满足所有居民的需求。这是塔夫茨大学一项有趣的新建模研究的发现，该研究分析了美国378个地区的当地粮食生产潜力和预期粮食生产)”可知，文章主要是讲一项研究发现美国的许多城市可以在当地种植自己的粮食，种植和养殖足够的庄稼和牲畜，以满足所有居民的需求。故D项“Many Cities in the US Can Grow Their Own Food(美国的很多城市可以种植自己的粮食)”可以作为最佳标题。故选D项。 D “Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he’ll be speechless.” This rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove it. Susan Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tone of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime’s research. Virtually everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental subjects, told after a research session that they were being watched for gestures, apologize for not having made any — but were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. A woman born without arms but with “phantom limb syndrome (幻肢综合征)” describes how she uses her phantom arms when she talks — but not when she walks. All this suggests that cognition (认知) is, to some extent, “embodied”; thinking is not all done in your head. In fact, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words — while their hands make a running motion. People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating women’s height; they can be shown to have biases (偏见) of which they may be unaware. In “The Crown”, a historical drama series, Lady Diana is warned that her hands may betray her real emotions, which could be dangerous; they are tied together so she can learn to speak without gesticulating. No one who reads Susan’s book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a complex aid to both. 12. Why does the author mention the old joke in Paragraph 1? A. To present an argument. B. To describe a scene. C. To lead in the topic. D. To clarify a doubt. 13. Which statement will Susan Meadow probably agree with? A. The disabled seldom use gestures. B. Gestures literally embody cognition. C. Thinking only occurs in the brain. D. Gestures are improper in communication. 14. What does the author try to prove in the last two paragraphs? A. Gestures may express what the speaker really thinks. B. People are unaware of the meanings of their gestures. C. Gesturing during speech shows only a lack of control. D. Speakers can lie more easily with the help of gestures. 15. Which of the following is the best summary of the text? A. Speech is a direct channel of information. B. Gestures make a vital form of communication. C Italian’s body language represents a national stereotype. D. “Thinking with Your Hands” is a lifetime’s research for Susan Meadow. 【答案】12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了手势在交流和思考中的重要性，打破了只有意大利人才手势丰富的刻板印象，并通过实验和研究证明了手势是信息的第二渠道，能够真实反映人们的认知和想法。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中“‘Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,’ runs an old joke, ‘and he’ll be speechless.’ This rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove it.(“把意大利人的手绑在背后，”一个老笑话说道，“他就会说不出话来。”这是基于一种国家刻板印象：意大利人健谈且情绪化，所有那些挥舞手臂的动作据说都证明了这一点)”可知，作者在第一段提到这个老笑话是为了引出关于意大利人手势丰富、健谈且情绪化的刻板印象，进而引出下文对于手势在交流和思考中作用的探讨。因此，作者提到这个老笑话是为了引入话题。故选C项。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Susan Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tone of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”.(芝加哥大学的Susan Meadow有不同的看法，情绪以多种方式表现出来：面部表情、姿势、语调等等。但当人们用手势配合言语时，他们就在做不同的事情了。她在她的新书《用手思考》的标题中总结了这一点)”和第三段中“All this suggests that cognition (认知) is, to some extent, ‘embodied’; thinking is not all done in your head.(所有这些都表明，认知在某种程度上是‘具身的’；思考并不完全是在你的头脑中进行的)”可知，Susan Meadow认为人们在使用手势与语言时实际上在做一些不同的事情，并强调手势是思考和交流的一部分，思考并不完全是在头脑中进行，人们用手势配合言语时是在“用手思考”，因此，她可能会同意“手势实际上体现了认知”这一说法。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“In fact, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information.(事实上，伴随言语的手势是信息的第二渠道)”和“People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating women’s height; they can be shown to have biases (偏见) of which they may be unaware.(那些说他们相信性别平等但在谈论女性时手势较低的人，其实并不是在指示女性的身高；这表明他们可能有自己未曾意识到的偏见)”；最后一段中“In ‘The Crown’, a historical drama series, Lady Diana is warned that her hands may betray her real emotions, which could be dangerous; they are tied together so she can learn to speak without gesticulating.(在历史剧《王冠》中，戴安娜王妃被警告说，她的手可能会泄露她的真实情感，这可能是危险的；它们被绑在一起，这样她就可以学习不用手势说话了)”可知，作者通过举例说明了手势能够真实反映人们的想法和偏见，即使人们口头上说的和内心想的不一致。因此，作者在最后两段试图证明手势可能表达出说话者真正的想法。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，尤其结合第四段中“In fact, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information.(事实上，伴随言语的手势是信息的第二渠道)”和最后一段中“No one who reads Susan’s book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a complex aid to both.(读过苏珊这本书的人再也不会认为手势只是缺乏控制的表现。它是关于思考和交流的，是对两者的复杂辅助)”可知，文章主要讲述了手势在交流和思考中的重要性，打破了关于手势的刻板印象，并通过实验和研究证明了手势是信息的第二渠道，能够真实反映人们的认知和想法。因此，“手势是交流的一种重要形式”是文章内容的最佳概括。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Home automation is nothing new. It’s been around for years now. ______16______ And when something is new, people have to be doubtful about it. So, here we are with tons of widespread myths around home automation. Let’s check out what unbelievable myths we encouraged and why you need to stop believing them. Myth 1: Home automation is too expensive The most common misunderstanding is — I can’t afford it! It is not your fault if you think it’s too expensive. ______17______ Actually, home automation devices were quite pricey initially, but things have changed now. Smart home products nowadays are simple and programmable devices that are affordable to many homeowners. Myth 2:_______18_______ Most people think that home automation devices and systems are some devices out of a spy movie. It is a common myth that you must be a techie to use the devices or make changes. However, it is not true. ______19______ Even though it seems like a challenging task, all it takes is a simple touch to control your home. Myth 3: Smart devices will become outdated after a few years of purchase Another common myth is that smart home automation technology will become out of date after some time. Firstly, all efficient home automation devices are futuristically designed. Secondly, most home automation companies provide updates that are easy to install and keep them up-to-date. Smart home automation is a new technology. ______20______ Thus, don’t let the myths and technical terms about home automation scare you! The products that power the smart home are light years away from the myth around them. A. After all, it’s a new technology. B. Home automation needs technical knowledge. C. You don’t have to be a tech-master to live in a smart home. D. This powerful technology has many benefits for homeowners. E. Home automation devices are for every home regardless of its size and shape. F. You can reduce your power consumption, energy wastage and save money in the long run. G. But smart homes with automation systems for efficient lighting, temperature, and security are new fields. 【答案】16. G 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了一些关于家居自动化的三个神话和误解。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Home automation is nothing new. It’s been around for years now.(家庭自动化并不是什么新鲜事。它已经存在好几年了)”以及后文“And when something is new, people have to be doubtful about it. So, here we are with tons of widespread myths around home automation. Let’s check out what unbelievable myths we encouraged and why you need to stop believing them.(当一件新事物出现时，人们不得不对它持怀疑态度。所以，这里我们有很多关于家庭自动化的普遍误解。让我们来看看我们鼓励了哪些令人难以置信的神话，以及为什么你需要停止相信它们)”可知，上文提到了家庭自动化，而后文提到了新事物，可知本句与上文构成转折，介绍一种新的关于家庭自动化的事物。故G选项“但是，拥有高效照明、温度和安全自动化系统的智能家居是新的领域”符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“The most common misunderstanding is — I can’t afford it! It is not your fault if you think it’s too expensive.(最常见的误解是——我买不起！如果你觉得太贵，那不是你的错)”可知，上文提到了觉得太贵不是你的错，本句承接上文说明原因：这是一项新技术，所以昂贵。故A选项“毕竟，这是一项新技术”符合语境，故选A。 【18题详解】 根据本段内容“Most people think that home automation devices and systems are some devices out of a spy movie. It is a common myth that you must be a techie to use the devices or make changes. However, it is not true.(大多数人认为家庭自动化设备和系统是间谍电影中的一些设备。你必须是一个技术人员才能使用这些设备或做出改变，这是一个普遍的误解。然而，事实并非如此)”可知，本段解释的神话主要关于家庭自动化设备需要专业人士才能使用，即自动化需要技术知识。故B选项“家庭自动化需要技术知识”符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Even though it seems like a challenging task, all it takes is a simple touch to control your home.(尽管这看起来是一项具有挑战性的任务，但只需要简单的触摸就可以控制你的家)”可知，后文提到只需要简单的触摸就可以控制你的家，说明不需要成为技术大师也能生活在智能家居中，故C选项“你不需要成为技术大师才能生活在智能家居中”符合语境，故选C。 【20题详解】 根据上文“Smart home automation is a new technology.(智能家居自动化是一项新兴技术)”以及后文“Thus, don’t let the myths and technical terms about home automation scare you! The products that power the smart home are light years away from the myth around them.(因此，不要让关于家庭自动化的神话和技术术语吓到你！为智能家居提供动力的产品离围绕它们的神话还有光年之遥)”可知，上文提到了智能家庭自动化是一项新兴技术，结合文章主要说明了智能家居自动化的一些好处，故D选项“这项强大的技术对房主有很多好处”符合语境，故选D。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele from Virginia stood out as the winner of the 2023 Young Scientist Challenge. Among the ten finalists he ____21____ the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” with his ____22____ creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS), a bar of soap created for the very first time at a low cost to treat melanoma, the most common kind of skin cancer. Rather than a cure, Bekele’s brilliant idea ____23____ the development of a soap that aims to help the patient’s cells stay active while fighting melanoma. He always has endless passion for biology and technology, and the Young Scientist Challenge just ____24____ him with the perfect platform to display his ideas. Reflecting on his ____25____, Bekele shared that his childhood experience had played a crucial role in ____26____ his novel thinking. “Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, I wanted to raise people’s awareness of ____27____ related to constant sun exposure.” “I wanted to make my idea accessible to a broad audience,” Bckele remarked during an interview with the media. Bekelo also passionately expressed his ____28____ of turning the soap into a world where skin cancer treatment is within ____29____ for all. He was grateful that he had received invaluable _____30_____ from a product engineering specialist, who connected him with other scientists to _____31_____ him to reach his ambitious plans. While similar methods are available for skin cancer treatments, his solution is a more _____32_____ option. In the future, Bckele longs to _____33_____ his invention by trial and error and establish a nonprofit organization _____34_____ to providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible, bringing _____35_____ in the battle against skin cancer. 21. A. kept B. desired C. defended D. won 22. A. strict B. instant C. novel D. common 23. A. focuses on B. relies on C. puts on D. agrees on 24. A. armed B. satisfied C. provided D. assisted 25. A. profession B. inspiration C. determination D. imagination 26. A. shaping B. showing C. quitting D. obeying 27. A. risks B. disasters C. challenges D. advantages 28. A. fear B. doubt C. dream D. surprise 29. A. distance B. reach C. limit D. space 30. A. guidance B. welcome C. praise D. invitation 31. A. require B. remind C. press D. aid 32. A. fashionable B. affordable C. adaptable D. capable 33. A. picture B. clear C. control D. perfect 34. A. used B. addicted C. devoted D. opposed 35. A. recognition B. hope C. comfort D. impact 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了14岁的Heman Bekele凭借其创新的皮肤癌治疗肥皂(SCTS)在2023年青年科学家挑战赛中脱颖而出，成为“美国顶尖青年科学家”，并介绍了他的发明灵感、过程及未来愿景。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在十名决赛选手中，他凭借被称为皮肤癌治疗肥皂(SCTS)的创新发明赢得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号。A. kept保持；B. desired渴望；C. defended防御；D. won赢得。根据前文“stood out as the winner”可知，Heman Bekele在比赛中获胜，赢得了“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号。故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. strict严格的；B. instant立即的；C. novel新颖的；D. common普通的。根据后文“a bar of soap created for the very first time”可知，这是首次创造出来的肥皂，因此是“新颖的”发明。故选C项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Bekele的绝妙想法不是治愈，而是专注于开发一种肥皂，旨在帮助患者的细胞在对抗黑色素瘤时保持活跃。A. focuses on专注于；B. relies on依赖；C. puts on穿上；D. agrees on同意。根据前文“Rather than a cure”和后文“the development of a soap that aims to help the patient’s cells stay active while fighting melanoma”可知，Bekele的想法是专注于开发一种特殊的肥皂，而不是治愈皮肤癌。故选A项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他一直对生物学和技术充满热情，而青年科学家挑战赛为他提供了一个展示自己想法的完美平台。A. armed武装；B. satisfied使满意；C. provided提供；D. assisted帮助。根据后文“him with the perfect platform to display his ideas”可知，挑战赛为Heman Bekele提供了一个展示的平台；provide sb. with sth.意为“为某人提供某物”。故选C项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在反思自己的灵感时，Bekele分享说，他的童年经历在塑造他新颖的思维方面发挥了至关重要的作用。A. profession职业；B. inspiration灵感；C. determination决心；D. imagination想象力。根据后文“Bekele shared that his childhood experience had played a crucial role”可知，Bekele在反思自己的灵感来源。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. shaping塑造；B. showing展示；C. quitting放弃；D. obeying遵守。根据前文“his childhood experience had played a crucial role in”可知，童年经历对Heman Bekele的新颖思维产生了重要影响，即“塑造”了他的思维。故选A项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到人们在阳光下不知疲倦地工作，我想提高人们对持续暴露在阳光下所带来的风险的认识。A. risks风险；B. disasters灾难；C. challenges挑战；D. advantages优势。根据前文“Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun”和后文“related to constant sun exposure”可知，持续暴露在阳光下会带来健康风险，如皮肤癌等。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bekelo还热情地表达了他将肥皂变成一个皮肤癌治疗人人可及的方法的梦想。A. fear恐惧；B. doubt怀疑；C. dream梦想；D. surprise惊讶。根据前文“I wanted to make my idea accessible to a broad audience”和后文“of turning the soap into a world where skin cancer treatment is within ____ ”可知，就是让皮肤癌治疗变得普及是Heman Bekele的梦想。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. distance距离；B. reach范围；C. limit限制；D. space空间。根据前文“turning the soap into a world”和后文“for all”可推知，Heman Bekele想让皮肤癌治疗成为人人都能负担得起、可及的事物，即在其“范围”之内。within reach意为“在可及的范围内”。故选B项。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他很感激一位产品工程专家的宝贵指导，这位专家将他与其他科学家联系起来，帮助他实现自己的宏伟计划。A. guidance指导；B. welcome欢迎；C. praise赞扬；D. invitation邀请。根据后文“from a product engineering specialist”和“who connected him with other scientists”可知，这位产品工程专家为Heman Bekele提供了指导和帮助。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. require要求；B. remind提醒；C. press压；D. aid帮助。根据前文“who connected him with other scientists”可知，这位专家将Heman Bekele与其他科学家联系起来，目的是“帮助”他实现计划。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然皮肤癌的治疗方法有很多，但他的解决方案是一个更实惠的选择。A. fashionable时尚的；B. affordable负担得起的，便宜的；C. adaptable可适应的；D. capable有能力的。根据第一段中“a bar of soap created for the very first time at a low cost to treat melanoma”可知，与其他皮肤癌治疗方法相比，Heman Bekele的肥皂是一个更便宜的，更实惠的选择。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：未来，Bekele希望通过反复试验来完善他的发明，并建立一个非营利组织，致力于尽可能多地为人们提供公平的皮肤癌治疗，为抗击皮肤癌带来希望。A. picture想象；B. clear清除；C. control控制；D. perfect完善。根据后文“by trial and error”可知，Heman Bekele希望通过实践来“完善”自己的发明。故选D项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. used使用；B. addicted沉溺；C. devoted致力于；D. opposed反对。根据前文“establish a nonprofit organization”和后文“to providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible”可知，这个非营利组织是“致力于”提供公平的皮肤癌治疗的；be devoted to doing sth.意为“致力于做某事”。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recognition认可；B. hope希望；C. comfort安慰；D. impact影响。根据前文“providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible”和后文“in the battle against skin cancer”可知，Heman Bekele的发明和非营利组织将为抗击皮肤癌带来“希望”。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the proposed Law on National Parks, ____36____ is the first of its kind, the domestic national parks will hopefully get better, more systemic and more sustainable protection. The first five national parks, ____37____ (include) the Sanjiangyuan National Park, were established inOctober2021. The past three years ____38____ (see) the river sources being well protected. Precious experience ____39____ (gain) from managing the national parks helped the proposed law to come into being. It is expected ____40____ (provide) legal support for enforcing the law against animal poaching or destruction of protected plants, and more. More importantly, the commercial activities of the national parks will be more efficiently regulated. ____41____ (global), having a national park doesn’t mean closing parts of it to visitors; ____42____ the contrary, most national parks reserve some core areas under strict protection while other regions are open to tourists to gain knowledge about the role of national parks. It also helps the national park management ____43____ (body) to raise some income of their own. That’s what makes the job of national park management more sustainable, ____44____ such activities need strict standards to avoid harming the ecology. The proposed Law on National Parks will establish a legal framework for this job, so as to protect national parks in ______45______ more sustainable and efficient manner. 【答案】36. which 37. including 38. have seen## has seen 39. gained 40. to provide 41. Globally 42. on 43. bodies 44. but 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕拟议中的《国家公园法》展开，该法律有望使国内国家公园得到更好、更系统和更可持续的保护，介绍了首批国家公园的建立情况以及过去三年在保护方面取得的成果，还提到从国家公园管理中获取的经验促使该法律形成。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：随着拟议中的《国家公园法》的出台，国内国家公园有望得到更好、更系统和更可持续的保护。这里是非限制性定语从句，先行词是the proposed Law on National Parks，关系代词which在从句中作主语，指代前面的法律，故填which。 【37题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：包括三江源国家公园在内的首批五个国家公园于2021年10月成立。这里用现在分词形式作后置定语，修饰The first five national parks，including已转化为介词，表示“包括……在内”。故填including。 【38题详解】 考查现在完成时。句意：过去三年，河流源头得到了很好的保护。The past three years作主语，通常看作一个整体时间段，可看作单数也可看作复数，谓语动词用现在完成时，强调过去的动作对现在的影响。故填have/has seen。 【39题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：从管理国家公园中获得的宝贵经验有助于拟议法律的制定。这里是过去分词作后置定语，修饰Precious experience，experience与gain之间是被动关系，故填gained。 【40题详解】 考查不定式。句意：预计将为执行打击动物偷猎或破坏受保护植物等的法律提供法律支持。be expected to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事”，故填to provide。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：在全球范围内，拥有一个国家公园并不意味着对游客关闭其部分区域；相反，大多数国家公园保留一些核心区域进行严格保护，而其他区域则对游客开放，以便游客了解国家公园的作用。这里用副词形式作状语，修饰整个句子，句首单词首字母大写，故填Globally。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：在全球范围内，拥有一个国家公园并不意味着对游客关闭其部分区域；相反，大多数国家公园保留一些核心区域进行严格保护，而其他区域则对游客开放，以便游客了解国家公园的作用。on the contrary是固定短语，意为“相反”。故填on。 【43题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：它还帮助国家公园管理机构筹集自己的一些收入。前面提到the national park management是复数概念，这里指的是多个国家公园管理机构，故填bodies。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：这就是使国家公园管理工作更具可持续性的原因，但此类活动需要严格的标准以避免损害生态。That’s what makes the job of national park management more sustainable与such activities need strict standards to avoid harming the ecology之间为转折关系，故填but。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：拟议的《国家公园法》将为这项工作建立一个法律框架，以便以更可持续和有效的方式保护国家公园。in a...manner是固定搭配，意为“以一种……的方式”。连接的单词 more发音以辅音开头，故填a。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 人们完成工作的方式通常有两种: 独立完成和合作完成。两种方式各有特点，你支持哪种方式? 请你以 “Working Individually or Working in a Team” 为题，写一篇英语短文, 阐述你的观点和理由。 注意:词数 80 左右，文章的题目和开头已给出(不计词数)。 Working Individually or Working in a Team In my opinion,________ is preferable to________because _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 In my opinion, working in a team is preferable to working individually because I think unity is strength. There are basically two ways to get work done. One is to work individually. In this way, people can decide for themselves when to start work and how to do it. What's more, they will be able to learn how to solve problems on their own. People may also choose to work in a team, where they can learn from each other and help each other. Besides, they may work out better ways to get work done by discussion. Personally, I prefer to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my experiences with them. As the work can be divided among several people, it can be done efficiently. Teamwork is always important. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生就“Working Individually or Working in a Team”阐述自己的观点和理由。 【详解】1.词汇拓展 另外：what's more→ in addition 基本上：basically→ ultimately 独自地：on one's own→ independently 2. 句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：In this way, people can decide for themselves when to start work and how to do it. 倒装句：Only in this way can people decide for themselves when to start work and how to do it. 【点睛】【高分句型1】People may also choose to work in a team, where they can learn from each other and help each other. （where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Personally, I prefer to work in a team, which offers me a chance to learn how to get along with others and to share my experiences with them. （which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Ahmad sat at a table in the school cafeteria. The election for fifth-grade class president was only about two weeks away, and Ahmad knew it was time to begin seriously campaigning. “I think you need a catchy slogan, ” said his friend，twirling(旋转)a pencil as he thought. “How about Authentic and Approachable: Always Ahmad? ”Ahmad beamed. “It’s got a nice ring to it.” “You need something that people will remember. They won’t forget that Olivia was the fourth-grade president last year and they’ll like the fact that she has experience, “his friend added. Ahmad nodded, grinning. “I know, but I think I can bring some fresh ideas. Do you know Olivia’s plans for the campaign?” Olivia, meanwhile, sat at her kitchen table with her twin sister. They were eating cupcakes while discussing what to put on the signs they planned to make. At the center of the table were posterboard in bright colors, markers, pens, colored pencils, and crayons. “Where should we start?” asked her sister brushing the cream from her hands. “What do you want people to know about you?” Olivia raised her head and thought for a moment. “I want them to know I’m a hard worker,“ she said, eyes bright and alert. “I have experience as class president. I also have a lot of ideas of making this a great school year.” “Experience is truly important,” commented her sister. “Dad once told me he would vote for someone who had proven to be the kind of leader he was looking for in his company.” An enormous grin spread across Olivia’s face. “What about Olivia for President-All Original, All Experience,” suggested her sister. “Oh, or Olivia for President, Opportunity for All?“ “I like both of those, ”exclaimed Olivia.“ The first one reminds the voters of my experience. The second one lets them know I will listen to their ideas and work for and with them. ”Her words fell as she took out a fat red marker and began the first poster. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1:Two weeks later on the election, Ms. Pond announced, “Now, we have two candidates with same votes.” _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2:Ahmad went to the front of the room to begin his speech after Olivia. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Two weeks later on the election, Ms. Pond announced, “Now, we have two candidates with same votes.”Now that the two candidates are tied on the ballot, let’s have a further campaign. Olivia went on stage first to give a speech, but surprisingly he was in a wheelchair. “Because of my injury, I have decided to withdraw from the campaign,” he said. “Why is this happening?” Ms. Pond asked. The classmate who pushed the wheelchair beside him said, “He is trying to save a classmate, so he can’t walk because of his foot injury. He needs to rest for a period of time to recover.” All the people present applauded for the former helpful fourth-grade president, including Ahmed. Ahmad went to the front of the room to begin his speech after Olivia.“Olivia is a great class president ,” Ahmed said tearfully. “His behavior deeply touched our hearts. Each of us should learn from his noble spirit of sacrificing oneself to save others.” I want to learn from the best. I suggest that Olivia stay on as fifth-grade president when she gets well again. I’d be happy to be his assistant, if he doesn’t mind. It was a thunderous ovation, and both men deserved it. The two men embraced and smiled in a warm round of applause. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了艾哈迈德和奥利维亚都精心准备竞选学生干部，在俩人选票相同的情况下如何决定最终结果的故事 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容：选举两周后，庞德宣布，“现在，我们有了两个得票率相同的候选人。”可知，第一段可描写选票相同以后的后续情况。 ②由第二段首句内容“在奥利维亚之后，艾哈迈德走到房间前面开始演讲。”可知，第二段可描写奥利维亚的演讲内容和故事最后的结果。 2.续写线索：票数相同——继续竞选——主动退出——了解原因——深受感动——发表感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①做演讲：give a speech/make a speech/give a lecture ②退出： withdraw/give up ③继续保持：stay on/keep on/continue to maintain 情绪类 ①令人惊讶地：surprisingly/amazingly/astonishingly ②感动：touch/move ③高兴的：happy/glad/cheerful 【点睛】【高分句型1】The classmate who pushed the wheelchair beside him said, “He is trying to save a classmate, so he can’t walk because of his foot injury. He needs to rest for a period of time to recover.”(运用了who引导的限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】I suggest that Olivia stay on as fifth-grade president when she gets well again.(运用了虚拟语气和that引导的宾语从句) 听力 1-5BACCB 6-10 BAAAB 11-15ABBCC 16-20AABAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 上海新纪元教育集团高二年级第一学期期末统测英语试卷 本试卷共8页，考试结束后，将答题卡交回 注意事项： 1答题前、考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码和座位号填写清楚。 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写、字体工整、笔迹清楚。 3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。 4.保持卡面消油，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the speakers probably do next? A. Make a plan. B. Continue the work. C. Start a new project. 2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Coach and trainee. B. Mother and son. C. Friends. 3. What are the speakers doing? A. Getting on the plane. B. Providing meal service. C Making an announcement. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Sports. B. Sleeping habits. C. Physical discomfort. 5. How is the man probably feeling? A. Confused. B. Annoyed. C. Happy. 第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why does the woman feel sorry? A. Her group didn’t finish on time. B. Her group didn’t perform very well. C. Her group members didn’t get on well with each other. 7. Who might the man be? A. The woman’s boss. B. The woman’s team member. C. The woman’s business partner. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. How many eggs does the man order? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. 9. How much will the man pay for his breakfast? A. £6. B. £7. C. £8. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At an office. B. At school. C. At the woman’s house. 11. When will the speakers probably do the work together? A. On Monday B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 12. What will the man bring to the woman’s house? A. Pizza. B. Juice. C. Ice cream. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What is the woman’s destination? A. Mongolia. B. Russia. C. China. 14. What happened to the woman? A She lost her ticket. B. She missed her train. C. She got to the wrong platform. 15. What is the man going to fix? A. A bike. B. A car. C. A train. 16. What is the man giving the woman? A. A map. B. Some food. C. Some warm clothes. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What does the speaker think of the graduating class? A. They are gifted. B. They are experienced. C. They are hard-working. 18. What is the speaker most likely to be good at? A. Modern painting. B. Fashion design. C. Photo taking. 19. Who will probably speak next? A. James Smith. B. Jane Goodman. C. Michael Watts. 20. What is the speaker doing? A. Giving a class. B. Awarding prizes. C. Hosting an exhibition. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Established in 1984 as a growth program for local high school students, the Simons Summer Research Program now attracts applicants from all across the country to the Stony Brook campus: Simons Fellows are matched with Stony Brook study advisors, join a research group or team, and assume responsibility for a project. The Simons Fellows conclude their program by producing a research poster. In addition to learning valuable techniques and experiencing life at a major research university, Simons Fellows attend weekly research talks and take part in special workshops, tours and events. At the closing meeting on posters, students are presented with a cash award. Eligibility (资格) ●Students interested in science who have shown independence, creativity and an ability to do hands-on work are especially encouraged to apply. ●Applicants must be in their junior year (11th grade) of high school at the time of applying and must be at least 16 years old by the start of the program. Housing and pining Dinner Projected summer 24 program costs (residential): $2,680 (includes $600 Meal Plan and $60 Student Health Services Fee) Residential & Commuter (通勤者) Options: Participants may choose to live on campus with other student researchers or to commute. Students who live on campus are typically housed in a double room in a university residence hall, and are responsible for paying their own housing fees before the program start date. Please note that residential students are not allowed to bring a car to campus. 1. What should participants do in the Simons Summer Research Program? A. Visit their dream colleges. B. Design a research poster. C. Decide on their future major. D. Learn about Simons’ history 2. Which of the following is a requirement for the applicants? A. Their age. B. Their hometown location. C. Their scores. D. Their volunteer experiences. 3. How much is the housing fee for a residential applicant? A. $2,680. B. $2,620. C. $2,080. D. $2,020. B By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen was well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local art center, showcasing his series titled “Dispositions”, which illustrated his own growth during adolescence (青少年). Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his work in a juried exhibition, where a group of art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That’s when he hit an obstacle, discovering in the very last line of a multi- page application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a motivation for creation. “I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin rented a storefront and founded Little EGG Gallery, which is now profitable enough to make ends meet by charging a small hanging fee for any displayed work. In turn, Little EGG helps promote young talent by showcasing their work. Not long after opening, David Griffin, a professor and artist of Ontario College of Art and Design University stepped into the gallery and met Nalin. Griffin regards him as someone special: “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea — creating a space for showing the natural genius of young people. It was a void (空白) in the art world.” There Nalin asked Griffin to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and five- year - old Jack Gamble won for his abstract painting titled Pokemon. As Nalin was busy with school, life and his own art, Little EGG is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still committed to growing it with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. 4. What do we know about Nalin Kamat from the first two paragraphs? A. He drew teenagers’ growth in his work. B. He became a working artist when aged 13. C. He was disqualified for a juried exhibition. D. He showed his series at the capital art center. 5. Why did Nalin decide to set up Little EGG Gallery? A. To promote artists by showcasing their work. B. To form the connection between different galleries. C. To expand his own business through themed shows. D. To show young artists’ talent by offering them a stage. 6. Which of the following can best describe Nalin’s idea of opening the gallery? A. Pioneering. B. Short-lived. C. Popular. D. Unpromising. 7. What kind of person is Nalin Kamat according to the text? A. Helpful and cautious. B. Devoted and creative. C. Humorous and intelligent. D. Knowledgeable and ambitious. C Many cities in the United States could grow their own food locally, raising enough crops and cattle to meet the needs of all residents. This is the finding of an interesting new modeling study from Tufts University, which analyzed the potential for local food production in 378 areas across the US and expected food production. The researchers found that cities in the Northwest in the United States had the greatest potential to raise their own food. Cities along the Eastern seaside and in the Southwest had the least potential and would not be able to meet all their own needs of diet even if every acre of agricultural land was used for food production. This makes sense, as many of the cities are coastal and lack room for agricultural spreading. The study revealed that the United States have extra agricultural land for feeding the domestic population. Currently, some land is used to raise export crops, but a focus on local food production would start a conversation about how that land gets used. In the words of Peters, lead author and associate professor at the Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy at Tufts, “It would be important to make sure policies for supporting local or regional food production benefit conservation and create opportunities for farmers to adopt more sustainable (可持续的) practices. Policies should also recognize the ability of the natural resources in a given local or region and consider the supply chain, including ability for food processing and storage.” Although it’s a far cry from the current reality, it is a nice thought to imagine cities surrounded by food production operations that transport freshly harvested food to nearby homes, and then make use of the leftover food to fertilize fields and generate heat for greenhouses. 8 Why do the cities along the Eastern seaside fail to provide enough food? A. Because citizens are unwilling to grow crops. B. Because the methods of food production are wrong. C. Because they don’t have enough land to grow crops. D. Because their climate limits the agricultural production. 9. What will the focus on local food production lead to? A. More job opportunities for citizens. B. Conversations with the local government. C. A discussion on how to make use of land. D. More specific policies about water resources. 10. What does the underlined phrase “a far cry from” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A. Closely related to. B. Very different from. C. Exactly the same as. D. Slightly different from. 11. What is the best title of this text? A. The US Government Stops Wasting Food B. Cities Learn to Grow Food From the Villages C. Farmers Have More Chances to Be Employed D. Many Cities in the US Can Grow Their Own Food D “Tie an Italian’s hands behind his back,” runs an old joke, “and he’ll be speechless.” This rests on a national stereotype: Italians are talkative and emotional, and all that arm-waggling supposedly goes to prove it. Susan Meadow of the University of Chicago has a rather different view. Emotions come out in lots of ways: facial expressions, posture, tone of voice and so on. But people are doing something different when they use gestures with speech, which she sums up in the title of her new book, “Thinking with Your Hands”. It is a masterly tour through a lifetime’s research. Virtually everyone gestures, not just Italians. Experimental subjects, told after a research session that they were being watched for gestures, apologize for not having made any — but were doing so the entire time. People born blind gesture when they speak, including to each other. A woman born without arms but with “phantom limb syndrome (幻肢综合征)” describes how she uses her phantom arms when she talks — but not when she walks. All this suggests that cognition (认知) is, to some extent, “embodied”; thinking is not all done in your head. In fact, gestures that accompany speech are a second channel of information. Subjects watch a film in which a cat runs but are told to lie and say it jumped. They do so in words — while their hands make a running motion. People who say they believe in sexual equality but gesture with their hands lower when talking about women are not indicating women’s height; they can be shown to have biases (偏见) of which they may be unaware. In “The Crown”, a historical drama series, Lady Diana is warned that her hands may betray her real emotions, which could be dangerous; they are tied together so she can learn to speak without gesticulating. No one who reads Susan’s book could ever again think that gesturing shows only a lack of control. It is about thinking and communication, and is a complex aid to both. 12. Why does the author mention the old joke in Paragraph 1? A. To present an argument. B. To describe a scene. C. To lead in the topic. D. To clarify a doubt. 13. Which statement will Susan Meadow probably agree with? A. The disabled seldom use gestures. B. Gestures literally embody cognition. C. Thinking only occurs in the brain. D. Gestures are improper in communication. 14. What does the author try to prove in the last two paragraphs? A. Gestures may express what the speaker really thinks. B. People are unaware of the meanings of their gestures. C. Gesturing during speech shows only a lack of control. D. Speakers can lie more easily with the help of gestures. 15. Which of the following is the best summary of the text? A. Speech is a direct channel of information. B. Gestures make a vital form of communication. C. Italian’s body language represents a national stereotype. D. “Thinking with Your Hands” is a lifetime’s research for Susan Meadow. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Home automation is nothing new. It’s been around for years now. ______16______ And when something is new, people have to be doubtful about it. So, here we are with tons of widespread myths around home automation. Let’s check out what unbelievable myths we encouraged and why you need to stop believing them. Myth 1: Home automation is too expensive The most common misunderstanding is — I can’t afford it! It is not your fault if you think it’s too expensive. ______17______ Actually, home automation devices were quite pricey initially, but things have changed now. Smart home products nowadays are simple and programmable devices that are affordable to many homeowners. Myth 2:_______18_______ Most people think that home automation devices and systems are some devices out of a spy movie. It is a common myth that you must be a techie to use the devices or make changes. However, it is not true. ______19______ Even though it seems like a challenging task, all it takes is a simple touch to control your home. Myth 3: Smart devices will become outdated after a few years of purchase Another common myth is that smart home automation technology will become out of date after some time. Firstly, all efficient home automation devices are futuristically designed. Secondly, most home automation companies provide updates that are easy to install and keep them up-to-date. Smart home automation is a new technology. ______20______ Thus, don’t let the myths and technical terms about home automation scare you! The products that power the smart home are light years away from the myth around them. A. After all, it’s a new technology. B. Home automation needs technical knowledge. C. You don’t have to be a tech-master to live in a smart home. D. This powerful technology has many benefits for homeowners. E. Home automation devices are for every home regardless of its size and shape. F. You can reduce your power consumption, energy wastage and save money in the long run. G. But smart homes with automation systems for efficient lighting, temperature, and security are new fields. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At just 14 years old, Heman Bekele from Virginia stood out as the winner of the 2023 Young Scientist Challenge. Among the ten finalists he ____21____ the title of “America’s Top Young Scientist” with his ____22____ creation known as the Skin Cancer Treating Soap (SCTS), a bar of soap created for the very first time at a low cost to treat melanoma, the most common kind of skin cancer. Rather than a cure, Bekele’s brilliant idea ____23____ the development of a soap that aims to help the patient’s cells stay active while fighting melanoma. He always has endless passion for biology and technology, and the Young Scientist Challenge just ____24____ him with the perfect platform to display his ideas. Reflecting on his ____25____, Bekele shared that his childhood experience had played a crucial role in ____26____ his novel thinking. “Having witnessed people work tirelessly under the sun, I wanted to raise people’s awareness of ____27____ related to constant sun exposure.” “I wanted to make my idea accessible to a broad audience,” Bckele remarked during an interview with the media. Bekelo also passionately expressed his ____28____ of turning the soap into a world where skin cancer treatment is within ____29____ for all. He was grateful that he had received invaluable _____30_____ from a product engineering specialist, who connected him with other scientists to _____31_____ him to reach his ambitious plans. While similar methods are available for skin cancer treatments, his solution is a more _____32_____ option. In the future, Bckele longs to _____33_____ his invention by trial and error and establish a nonprofit organization _____34_____ to providing fair skin cancer treatment to as many people as possible, bringing _____35_____ in the battle against skin cancer. 21. A. kept B. desired C. defended D. won 22. A. strict B. instant C. novel D. common 23 A. focuses on B. relies on C. puts on D. agrees on 24. A. armed B. satisfied C. provided D. assisted 25. A. profession B. inspiration C. determination D. imagination 26. A. shaping B. showing C. quitting D. obeying 27. A. risks B. disasters C. challenges D. advantages 28. A. fear B. doubt C. dream D. surprise 29. A. distance B. reach C. limit D. space 30. A. guidance B. welcome C. praise D. invitation 31. A. require B. remind C. press D. aid 32. A. fashionable B. affordable C. adaptable D. capable 33. A. picture B. clear C. control D. perfect 34. A. used B. addicted C. devoted D. opposed 35. A. recognition B. hope C. comfort D. impact 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 With the proposed Law on National Parks, ____36____ is the first of its kind, the domestic national parks will hopefully get better, more systemic and more sustainable protection. The first five national parks, ____37____ (include) the Sanjiangyuan National Park, were established inOctober2021. The past three years ____38____ (see) the river sources being well protected. Precious experience ____39____ (gain) from managing the national parks helped the proposed law to come into being. It is expected ____40____ (provide) legal support for enforcing the law against animal poaching or destruction of protected plants, and more. More importantly, the commercial activities of the national parks will be more efficiently regulated. ____41____ (global), having a national park doesn’t mean closing parts of it to visitors; ____42____ the contrary, most national parks reserve some core areas under strict protection while other regions are open to tourists to gain knowledge about the role of national parks. It also helps the national park management ____43____ (body) to raise some income of their own. That’s what makes the job of national park management more sustainable, ____44____ such activities need strict standards to avoid harming the ecology. The proposed Law on National Parks will establish a legal framework for this job, so as to protect national parks in ______45______ more sustainable and efficient manner. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 人们完成工作的方式通常有两种: 独立完成和合作完成。两种方式各有特点，你支持哪种方式? 请你以 “Working Individually or Working in a Team” 为题，写一篇英语短文, 阐述你的观点和理由。 注意:词数 80 左右，文章的题目和开头已给出(不计词数)。 Working Individually or Working in a Team In my opinion,________ is preferable to________because _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Ahmad sat at a table in the school cafeteria. The election for fifth-grade class president was only about two weeks away, and Ahmad knew it was time to begin seriously campaigning. “I think you need a catchy slogan, ” said his friend，twirling(旋转)a pencil as he thought. “How about Authentic and Approachable: Always Ahmad? ”Ahmad beamed. “It’s got a nice ring to it.” “You need something that people will remember. They won’t forget that Olivia was the fourth-grade president last year and they’ll like the fact that she has experience, “his friend added. Ahmad nodded, grinning. “I know, but I think I can bring some fresh ideas. Do you know Olivia’s plans for the campaign?” Olivia, meanwhile, sat at her kitchen table with her twin sister. They were eating cupcakes while discussing what to put on the signs they planned to make. At the center of the table were posterboard in bright colors, markers, pens, colored pencils, and crayons. “Where should we start?” asked her sister ,brushing the cream from her hands. “What do you want people to know about you?” Olivia raised her head and thought for a moment. “I want them to know I’m a hard worker,“ she said, eyes bright and alert. “I have experience as class president. I also have a lot of ideas of making this a great school year.” “Experience is truly important,” commented her sister. “Dad once told me he would vote for someone who had proven to be the kind of leader he was looking for in his company.” An enormous grin spread across Olivia’s face. “What about Olivia for President-All Original, All Experience,” suggested her sister. “Oh, or Olivia for President, Opportunity for All?“ “I like both of those, ”exclaimed Olivia.“ The first one reminds the voters of my experience. The second one lets them know I will listen to their ideas and work for and with them. ”Her words fell as she took out a fat red marker and began the first poster. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右; 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1:Two weeks later on the election, Ms. Pond announced, “Now, we have two candidates with same votes.” _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2:Ahmad went to the front of the room to begin his speech after Olivia. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力 1-5BACCB 6-10 BAAAB 11-15ABBCC 16-20AABAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $