专题05 情态动词和虚拟语气（练习）-【上好课】2025年高考英语二轮复习讲练测（北京专用）

专题05 情态动词和虚拟语气 (练) 目录 1、 考点过关检测练 2、 考点强化提升练 3、 真题实战演练 一、考点过关检测练 1．Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you always rely just on the Internet for your research. 2．He have finished writing the paper. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes ago. 3．—I honestly don’t think I’m going to be admitted. —Well, you never know! You have made a better impression than you think. 4．There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily, Chinese children not learn all of them for everyday purpose. 5．When I was young, I was told that I not play with fire. 6．The ship would (sink) with all on board but for the captain. 7．One of our rules is that every student wear school uniforms while at school. 8．It used to be that you drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. 9．When we worked in the same firm several years ago, we go to the cinema together every weekend. 10．Your cousin have enjoyed his trip in Jixian County, didn’t he? He looks amazingly different. 11．It’s surprising that James insisted that she (come) downtown to explain this. 12．The doctor advised Vera strongly that she (operate) on at once. （所给词的适当形式填空） 13．If I (take) had taken your advice yesterday, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 14．It is appropriate that some time (devote) to thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission. 15．If I had a million dollars, I (put) it in the bank. 二、考点强化提升练 16．It is essential that the diet (vary) and balanced. 17．But for the rain, we (have) a nice holiday. 18．With the moderate measures, we (build) a harmonious society in the future. 19．We would rather our daughter (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice. 20．The Antarctica is so mysteriously described by some people. If only I (be) there before! 21．The teacher suggests that we remember English words by reading them aloud instead of by just seeing and writing them. 22．I (realize) the experience that I was heading for was anything but boring, had I read the brochure carefully. 23．He is smiling happily as if nothing   (happen). 24．Tom was caught copying others’ homework. He wishes that he (not copy) others’ homework. 25．It is time that we (take) effective measures to stop the situation from going from bad to worse. 26． (be) I a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 27．The workers were not better organized; otherwise they would (accomplish) the task in half the time. 28．The professor warned the students that on no account they use mobile phones in his class. 29．Were it not for the snowy weather, we (be) all right. 30．It is strongly urged that the library (keep) open during the vacation. 三、真题实战演练 1.（2018北京卷）They might have found a better hotel if they _________(drive) a few more kilometers. 2.（2017北京卷）If the new safety system _______(put) to use, the accident would never have happened. 3.（2016北京卷）Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________(tell) me, I could have 4.(2024年1月浙江高考卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 5．(2024·全国甲卷)What should 45 （do）with such a beautiful place? 6.(2023年全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ______ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.  7. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Teachers and chaperones ________ model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times. 8.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students ________ be ready to complete short inclass writings. 9.(2022·全国甲卷)In humans, babies ________ put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. 10．（2023·天津·高考真题）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 3 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题05 情态动词和虚拟语气 (练) 目录 1、 考点过关检测练 2、 考点强化提升练 3、 真题实战演练 一、考点过关检测练 1．Remember, however, that you should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you always rely just on the Internet for your research. 【答案】shouldn’t 【难度】0.65 【知识点】consult、情态动词(not)+动词原形、should的用法 【详解】考查情态动词的否定形式。句意：但是，请记住，您通常应该参考不同类型的资料来源。也就是说，你不应该总是仅仅依赖互联网来做研究。根据前文you should usually consult different types of sources. 可知，后文always rely just on the Internet for your research是对前一句的进一步解释，空处应用should的否定形式shouldn’t表示“不应该”。故填shouldn’t。 2．He have finished writing the paper. He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes ago. 【答案】can’t 【难度】0.65 【知识点】can’t/couldn’t have done的用法 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他不可能写完论文。50分钟前我离开他时，他一个字也没写。分析句子结构可知，空后为动词原形have，由此可知，此处应为情态动词，根据下文中的“He hadn’t written a single word when I left him fifty minutes ago.”可知，50分钟前离开时，他还没有写一个字，由此可知推断，此处表示他“不可能”写完论文。故填can’t。 3．—I honestly don’t think I’m going to be admitted. —Well, you never know! You have made a better impression than you think. 【答案】may/might 【难度】0.65 【知识点】May、might、may/might表示推测、may/might have done的用法 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意：——我真的以为我不会被录取的。——你不知道！你给别人留下的印象可能比你想象的要好。根据“have made a better impression than you think”可知，此处是指你给别人留下的印象可能比你想象的要好，所以应用情态动词may或might表示“可能”，此处是对过去的推测。故填may/might。 4．There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily, Chinese children not learn all of them for everyday purpose. 【答案】need 【难度】0.65 【知识点】need、情态动词(not)+动词原形、need的用法 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：现代汉语有5万多个汉字，但幸运的是，中国孩子不需要学习所有的汉字。根据空后为“not learn”可知，此处应使用情态动词，结合句意以及上文中的“There are over 50,000 characters in modern Chinese but luckily”可知，现代汉语有5万多个汉字，下文讲述的事情对孩子来说是幸运的，由此可知，此处应表示“不需要”学习所有的汉字，所以此处应为need。故填need. 5．When I was young, I was told that I not play with fire. 【答案】must 【难度】0.65 【知识点】must、must表示“必须”“应当” 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：当我年轻的时候，有人告诉我不能玩火。由not play with fire以及句意可知，这里表示“不能”玩火，所以应用情态动词must。故填must。 6．The ship would (sink) with all on board but for the captain. 【答案】have sunk 【难度】0.65 【知识点】sink(sank sunk; sunk sunken)、与过去事实相反的假设、would have done的用法 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是船长，那艘船连同船上所有的人都沉没了。but for：要不是，常用于虚拟语气，表示“与过去的事实相反”，句中谓语为“would have done”，故填have sunk。 7．One of our rules is that every student wear school uniforms while at school. 【答案】shall 【难度】0.65 【知识点】shall、shall的用法 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们的规定之一是每个学生上学时都必须穿校服。根据句意，“每个学生上学时都必须穿校服”是一种必须，用情态动词shall表示“命令或规定”。故填shall。 8．It used to be that you drive for miles here without seeing another person, but now there are houses and people everywhere. 【答案】could/might 【难度】0.65 【知识点】could、might、情态动词(not)+动词原形 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：过去你可能开车数英里看不到一个人，但现在到处都是房子和人。根据句意和语境可知，此处介绍的是过去和现在的对比，表示“有可能”可以用might，也可以表示客观的可能性用could。故填could/might。 9．When we worked in the same firm several years ago, we go to the cinema together every weekend. 【答案】would 【难度】0.65 【知识点】情态动词(not)+动词原形、would的用法 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：几年前我们在同一家公司工作时，每个周末我们都会一起去看电影。分析句子结构可知，空后为动词原形，所以此处应为情态动词，根据句意以及上文中的“When we worked in the same firm several years ago”可知，此处表示“过去总是”一起去看电影，所以此处使用情态动词would。故填would。 10．Your cousin have enjoyed his trip in Jixian County, didn’t he? He looks amazingly different. 【答案】must 【难度】0.65 【知识点】must have done、must have done的用法 【详解】考查must have done用法。句意：你表弟在蓟县的旅行一定很愉快，不是吗？他看起来很不一样。根据He looks amazingly different.可知，此处是对过去肯定的推测，表示“一定做了某事”，使用must have done，故填must。 11．It’s surprising that James insisted that she (come) downtown to explain this. 【答案】come/should come 【难度】0.65 【知识点】come(came come)、表示建议、命令等动词后的宾语从句+(should) do 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：令人惊讶的是，詹姆斯坚持要她到市中心来解释这件事。句中that引导的从句为insisted（坚持要求）后的宾语从句，因此that从句中需使用虚拟语气，即insist +that +should+动词原形，其中should可以省略，主语she与come是主动关系，因此需要使用主动语态，即come或should come。故填come/should come。 12．The doctor advised Vera strongly that she (operate) on at once. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】should be operated/be operated 【难度】0.65 【知识点】表示建议、命令等动词后的宾语从句+(should) do 【详解】考查动词语态和虚拟语气用法。句意：医生强烈建议薇拉马上动手术。分析句子可知，该句为动词advised表示“建议”后接that引导的宾语从句，从句中需用虚拟语气用法，即(should ) do sth；she和operate为被动关系，所以为(should ) be done形式。故填(should ) be operated。 13．If I (take) had taken your advice yesterday, I wouldn’t have made a mistake. 【答案】had taken 【难度】0.65 【知识点】take(took taken)、与过去事实相反的假设 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我按照你的建议去做，我不可能考试不及格。根据下文“I wouldn’t have made a mistake(我不可能考试不及格)”可知本句使用了虚拟语气用法，根据时间状语yesterday可知本句使用的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，从句谓语动词应使用had done的形式。故填had taken。 14．It is appropriate that some time (devote) to thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission. 【答案】should be devoted/be devoted 【难度】0.65 【知识点】devote、含情态动词的被动语态、It be important/necessary…that+(should) do 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：应当花些时间深入研究阿波罗任务的结果，这是恰当的。It is appropriate that... 句型中，that 从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略。time 与 devote 之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，故填 (should) be devoted 。 15．If I had a million dollars, I (put) it in the bank. 【答案】would put 【难度】0.65 【知识点】put(put put)、与现在事实相反的假设 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我有一百万美元，我会把它存进银行。根据语境可知，此处是对现在情况的虚拟，if 从句用一般过去时，主句要用“would + 动词原形”，故填 would put 。 二、考点强化提升练 16．It is essential that the diet (vary) and balanced. 【答案】should be varied/be varied 【难度】0.65 【知识点】vary、含情态动词的被动语态、It be important/necessary…that+(should) do 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：饮食多样化和均衡是很重要的。It is essential that...为固定句型，意为“……是至关重要的”，that引导的主语从句中使用虚拟语气，从句谓语动词使用(should) do；the diet和vary为被动关系，需用被动语态，位于情态动词后面使用动词原形。故填should be varied/be varied。 17．But for the rain, we (have) a nice holiday. 【答案】would have had 【难度】0.65 【知识点】have(举办)、与过去事实相反的假设、含蓄条件句 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为下雨，我们会有一个很好的度假。本句是含蓄条件句，but for表示“如果不是因为……，要不是……”，此句表示与过去事实相反的假设，用虚拟语气，谓语动词用would have done结构。故填would have had。 18．With the moderate measures, we (build) a harmonious society in the future. 【答案】would build 【难度】0.65 【知识点】build、与将来事实相反的假设、含蓄条件句 【详解】考查含蓄虚拟语气。句意：假如采取适度的措施，我们将在未来建设一个和谐社会。根据“With the moderate measures”以及句意可知，本句话使用了含蓄虚拟条件句，即通过名词，连接词，或介词短语等来暗示。本句话中with的介词短语表示虚拟的条件。根据句中的in the future可知，本句话是对将来事实的假设，所以句中用“would +do”的结构。故填would build。 19．We would rather our daughter (stay) at home with us, but it is her choice. 【答案】stayed 【难度】0.65 【知识点】stay、一般过去时、would rather等短语后的宾语从句 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们宁愿女儿留在家里和我们在一起，但这是她的选择。would rather后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，用一般过去时表示与现在或将来相反的事实。故填stayed。 20．The Antarctica is so mysteriously described by some people. If only I (be) there before! 【答案】had been 【难度】0.65 【知识点】if only句型 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：有些人对南极洲的描述如此神秘。要是我以前去过那里就好了！If only引导的条件状语从句，对过去事情的虚拟，故谓语用过去完成时。故填had been。 21．The teacher suggests that we remember English words by reading them aloud instead of by just seeing and writing them. 【答案】should 【难度】0.65 【知识点】表示建议、命令等动词后的宾语从句+(should) do 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：老师建议我们应该通过大声朗读来记住英语单词，而不是仅仅通过看和写来记住。 在suggest后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词使用“(should)+动词原形”，故填should。 22．I (realize) the experience that I was heading for was anything but boring, had I read the brochure carefully. 【答案】would have realized 【难度】0.65 【知识点】realize、与过去事实相反的假设 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我仔细阅读了宣传册，我就会意识到我即将前往的体验一点也不无聊。由句意及 had I read the brochure carefully为if引导的虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，从句时态为过去完成时，此时主句应用would+have done的结构。故答案为would have realized。 23．He is smiling happily as if nothing   (happen). 【答案】had happened 【难度】0.65 【知识点】happen、虚拟语气用于as if/though引导的方式状语从句 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：他开心地笑着，好像什么事也没发生过。在as if 从句中，如果说话人认为句子所述事情不真实或与实际情况不符，需使用虚拟语气，如果所述情况是与过去事实相反，谓语动词用过去完成时态；happen是as if引导的方式状语从句中谓语动词，根据句意可知，说话人认为他只是假装好像什么事也没发生过，但过去的真实情况并非如此，与过去事实相反，应使用虚拟语气，谓语动词happen用过去完成时态had happened。故填had happened。 24．Tom was caught copying others’ homework. He wishes that he (not copy) others’ homework. 【答案】had not copied 【难度】0.65 【知识点】copy、wish后的宾语从句中虚拟语气的用法 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：汤姆抄袭别人的作业被抓住了。他真希望自己没有抄别人的作业。wish 后的宾语从句中常常使用虚拟语气来表达对现在、过去或将来的愿望、假设或想象；表达对过去的愿望或假设时，谓语动词用过去完成时“had done”，结合提示用过去完成时的否定形式had not copied。故填had not copied。 25．It is time that we (take) effective measures to stop the situation from going from bad to worse. 【答案】took/should take 【难度】0.65 【知识点】It be important/necessary…that+(should) do 【详解】考查动词短语和虚拟语气用法。句意：该是我们采取有效措施阻止形势进一步恶化的时候了。分析句子可知，此处为动词短语take measures to do“采取措施做某事”，满足句意要求，结合句子结构可知，该句为It is time that…的虚拟语气固定句型，所以此处应为虚拟语气用法，即谓语动词用一般过去时或者should do形式。故填took/should take。 26． (be) I a teacher, I would be strict with my students. 【答案】Were 【难度】0.65 【知识点】与过去事实相反的假设 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我是一名教师，我会严格要求我的学生。分析句子结构，本句使用了与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，省略了引导词if并进行了主谓倒装，根据虚拟语气的用法，当句子表达与现在的客观事实相反时，从句谓语动词使用一般过去时，系动词be无论主语为单数还是复数都直接变为were，故填Were。 27．The workers were not better organized; otherwise they would (accomplish) the task in half the time. 【答案】have accomplished 【难度】0.65 【知识点】accomplish、与过去事实相反的假设 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：工人们没有被更好地组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完成任务了。accomplish为谓语动词，意为“完成”，根据前半句“The workers were not better organized”和“otherwise”可知，这是对过去情况的含蓄虚拟条件句。otherwise其后的句子表示与过去事实相反的假设，其句子结构为：主语＋should (would, could, might) have done＋其他，设空前已有would。故填have accomplished。 28．The professor warned the students that on no account they use mobile phones in his class. 【答案】should 【难度】0.65 【知识点】should、表示建议、命令等动词后的宾语从句+(should) do 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：教授警告学生在他的课堂任何情况下都不能使用手机。分析句子可知，该句为warn的宾语从句，为虚拟语气的固定句型，从句用should+动词原形。故填should。 29．Were it not for the snowy weather, we (be) all right. 【答案】would be 【难度】0.65 【知识点】be(am/is/are)、与现在事实相反的假设、省略if的条件句 【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有下雪的天气，我们就没事了。根据句意和句中“Were it not for the snowy weather”可知，句子为与现在事实相反的假设，省略了“if”，故应用虚拟语气，主句谓语动词为“would do”，故空格处应填“would be”。故填would be。 30．It is strongly urged that the library (keep) open during the vacation. 【答案】(should) be kept 【难度】0.65 【知识点】keep(kept kept)、It be suggested/desired…that+(should) do 【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：强烈要求图书馆在假期期间保持开放。句中涉及句型“It is urged that…”，It为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句，这时从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”，句中library与keep之间为被动关系，故应用被动语态“(should) be+动词过去分词”，keep的过去分词为kept。故填(should) be kept。 三、真题实战演练 1.（2018北京卷）They might have found a better hotel if they _________(drive) a few more kilometers. 答案：had driven 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if ____ a few more kilometers是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态，故填had driven。 2.（2017北京卷）If the new safety system _______(put) to use, the accident would never have happened. 答案：had been put 解析：句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用had done形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故填had been put。 3.（2016北京卷）Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you ________(tell) me, I could have helped. 答案：had told 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦？如果你告诉我的话，我就可以帮你了。根据第一句可知，这里是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟，if条件句的时态应该用过去完成时，故填had told。 4.(2024年1月浙江高考卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them every day. 【答案】be offered 【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。 5．(2024·全国甲卷)What should 45 （do）with such a beautiful place? 【答案】be done 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：对于这样一个美丽的地方，我们应该做些什么呢？主语what指物，与谓语动词do是被动关系，情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态，故填be done。 6.(2023年全国甲卷) Carson proves that a simple literary form that has been passed down through the ages can still ______ (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.  【答案】be employed 【解析】考查情态动词和动词语态。句意:Carson证明了一种被传承了多年的简单的文学形式依然能在今天被利用以引起人们对重要真理的注意。此处从句的主语是a simple literary form,这里指这种文学形式被利用。又因为空处在情态动词can后面。故填be employed。 7. (2022·新高考Ⅱ卷) Teachers and chaperones ________ model good behavior for the group and remain with students at all times. 【答案】should　 【解析】考查情态动词的用法。句意：指教师和监护人应该要树立良好的行为榜样，并始终与学生在一起。表示“应该”，指义务。故填should。 8.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Class activities will vary from day to day, but students ________ be ready to complete short inclass writings. 【答案】must 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：课堂活动每天都不同，但学生必须准备好在课堂上完成短篇作文。表示“必须”用must。故填must。 9.(2022·全国甲卷)In humans, babies ________ put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical (对称的) shapes. 【答案】can 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：在人类中，婴儿从一岁左右就可以把一个圆形的物品放进一个圆洞里。表示“可以，能够”用can。故填can。 10．（2023·天津·高考真题）We _________bother with details, for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us. A．mustn’t B．daren’t C．needn’t D．can’t 【答案】C 【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我们不必为细节而烦恼，因为我们的队友会尽全力帮助我们。A. mustn’t禁止；B. daren’t不敢；C. needn’t不必；D. can’t不能。根据“for our teammates will do everything in their power to help us”可知，因为我们队友会全力帮助我们，所以我们不必为细节烦恼。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 8 / 10 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$