内容正文:
第(6(
分代词
知识结构导图
you he she it we you they
人称代词
me
you him her it us you them
形容词性物主代词
物主代词
名词性物主代词
代
myself
yourself himself/herself/itself
反身代词
ourselves
yourselves themselves
词
近指
this
these
指示代词
远指
that those
who用于对人的提问
whose用于对人的提问,意为“谁的”
疑问代词
which用于对人或事物的提问
what用于对事物的提问
什么是代词
I am coming.
代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分句和句子的词。代词根据
用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定
代词、关系代词。本书主要讲前五种。
。人称代词
1.什么是人称代词
为了避免重复,用来代替前面提到的人或事物名称的词叫人称代词。
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2.人称代词的形式
数
单数
复数
人称
格
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
1
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
he
him
第三人称
she
her
they
them
it
it
I like to play football with her.我想和她一起踢足球。
He likes you better than me..他喜欢你甚于喜欢我。
经典考题
选择。
Many people know
A.him
B.he
C.she
D.they
解析:因为“know”是实义动词,所以人称代词要用宾格形式。选项中he是主
格,him是宾格,所以选A。
答案:A
3.人称代词的特殊用法
(1)it的特殊用法
lt's going to be snowy tomorrow.(it指天气)明天会下雪。
t's six thirty now.(指时间)现在六点半了。
The baby is lovely..Is it a boy?(指幼儿)这宝宝真可爱,是男孩吗?
t's about ten meters from here to there..(指距离)从这到那大约有十米。
(2)we,you,they的特殊用法
英语中如果出现几个人称代词,则按照“你”,“他/她”,“我”顺序排列,即you,
he/she,l。如果是复数,则按照“我们”,“你们”,“他们”的顺序排列,即we,
you,hey。记住哟,单数并列231,复数并列123。
(This pencil is mine,
物主代词
1.什么是物主代词
表示所有关系的词叫物主代词。
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2.物主代词的分类
词义
她的
它的
我们的
他们的
分类
我的
你(们)的
他的
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
their
物主代词
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
theirs
物主代词
经典考题
选择。
That computer on the desk is
A.my
B.mine
C.her
D.them
解析:形容词性物主代词不能够独立使用,只能做定语,修饰其后的名词。本
题应该填名词性物主代词,相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,所以
选B。
答案:B
知风肆液
名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”形式,有
名词的性质,在句中作主语、宾语、表语。
反身代词
1.什么是反身代词
表示主语和动词的宾语是同一个人或事的代词叫反身代词。
2.反身代词的形式
人称
数
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
myself
yourself
himself/herself/itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
3.反身代词的用法
(1)主语和定语为同一人时,用反身代词。
I can take good care of myself.我能照顾好我自己。
(2)表强调语气时,用反身代词。
She herself can do it.她自己能做。
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识链
知
接
反身代词的数必须和人称保持一致。如:
He teaches Japanese himself.他自学的日语。(himself对应he)
We have to eat up the food ourselves.我们必须自己吃完这些食物。
(ourselves对应we)
指示代词
1.什么是指示代词
表示“这个”“那个”“这些”“那些”等指示人或事物的代词叫指示代词。
2.指示代词的形式
数
指示代词
意义
This is a lion.
this
这个
单数
that
那个
these
这些
复数
those
那些
3.指示代词的用法
(1)指示代词this,that后用单数:these,those后用复数。
This is an English book.这是一本英语书。
These are my shoes.那些是我的鞋。
(2)this,these指空间上较近的事物:that,those指空间上较远的事物。
This is your coat..That is my coat.这是你的衣服。那是我的衣服。
经典考题
填空。
is mine,
is yours.
are theirs,
are
ous.(这个是我的,那个是你的。这些是他们的,那些是我们的。)
解析:本题考查的是指示代词。“his”是“这个”,指代较近的物体,其复数形
式是“these”(这些)。“that”是“那个”,指代较远的物体,其复数形式
是“hose”(那些)。
答案:This,that,These,those
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识链
知
接
指示代词用法歌诀
his,hese靠近我,hal,hose远离我。
his,hat指单数,hese,hose指复数o
疑问代词
1.什么是疑问代词
疑问代词在句中用来构成特殊疑问句,主要用来询问“何人”“何物”“什么”等。常用的疑
问代词有who,whom,what,which和when。
2.常见疑问代词用法
(1)who的用法
wh0用于对人的提问,意为“谁”,既可指单数,也可指复数,在句中作主语、宾语或
表语。
Who is the girl in red coat?穿红衣的女孩是谁?
(2)whose的用法
whose用于对人的提问,意为“谁的”,可置于名词前,也可单独使用。whose既可指单
数,也可指复数。
Whose pencil is this?这是谁的笔?
Whose are those bags?那些是谁的书包?
识链
知接
who与whose区别
who与whose都用于对人的提问,但whose询问所有关系,相
当于一个定语,其后常接名词,who无此用法。
(3)which的用法
which可用于对人或事物的提问,意为“哪一个”。
Which box is heavier,this one or that one?哪个盒子更重,这个还是那个?
(4)what的用法
what用于对事物的提问,意为“什么”。
What's the date today?今天几号?
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经典考题
选择。
book is this?
A.Whose
B.Who
C.Whom
D.Which
解析:Whose是who的所有格形式,根据句意“这是谁的书”可知,空格处应
该填Whose,所以选A。
答案:A
识链
知接
★what,which,who的用法区别。
what泛指“哪一类”,which常在具体范围内选择。
What color does she like?她喜欢什么颜色?
Which color does she like,pink or red?她喜欢什么颜色,粉色
还是红色?
★whal可用来询问职业,who用来询问身份。
What's your mother?你妈妈是做什么的?
Who is that boy?那个男孩是谁?
百过关测试
一、
填写表格。
主格
it
宾格
you
us
名词性
hers
theirs
物主代词
反身代词
himself
二、用代词代替下列单词或词组。
1.Lucy's father
2.her desk
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3.the twins
4.the girl in the picture
5.the cat's legs
6.my dog
三、用正确的疑问代词填空。
1.
is the hospital?-It's cross from the zoo.
2.-
are you going to do?-I'm going to the cinema.
3.-
is your mother's birthday?-It's on the 24th of April.
4.-
colour do you like,red or yellow?-Red.
5.
bag is that?
-Tom's.
6.
are you talking about?-Talking about Mary.
四、单项选择。
)1.Look,your father is over there,Where is
A.mine
B.me
C.I
D.my
(
)2.
sweater is this?
-It's Jack's.
A.Whose
B.What
C.Who's
D.Which
)3.The girls like shopping.
shoes always are in fashion.
A.Hers
B.Their
C.They
D.Them
)4.Can you teach
Chinese?
A.ours
B.us
C.we
D.our
)5.It's a cat.
name is Mimi.
A.It's
B.Its
C.It
D.He
)6.There aren't
cakes on the table.
A.some
B.lot of
C.any
D.a lot of
)7.I can't find my ruler.
Can you give me
A.any
B.ones
C.some
D.one
)8.The doll is funny.
Show
to me,please.
A.one
B.it
C.ones
D.any
(
)9.-Have you got
rain coat?
-Yes,I've got
A.you,me
B.your,me
C.your,mine
D.yourself,myself
()10.
can drive a car.Look,that's
car.
A.I,my
B.Mine,my
C.my,I
D.Me,my
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五、按要求改写句子。
l.I can see a bottle of water on the table.(对画线部分提问)
can you
on the table?
2.Ther are fifty students in the classroom.(对画线部分提问)】
How
are there in the classroom?
3.There are some birds in the picture.(改为一般疑问句)
there
birds in the picture?
4.They often play basketball on the playground.(对画线分提问)
they often
basketball?
5.These strawberries are for you..(改为单数形式)
strawberry
for you.
6.Is that a basketball?(作否定回答)
7.Who are you going to visit tomorrow?(改为同意句)
are you going to visit tomorrow?
8.Which season do you like best?(按实际情况回答)
C小跌门四、1. thirty 2. one hundred and forty 3. one hun-
8. D
dred and twelve 4. nine 5. forty-five
二、1. as well as 2. faster, faster 3. badly,
五、1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. C
worse, worst 4. more carefully 5. good, fast
7. A 8. D
6. friendly 7. really
六、略
第10部分 动词
第6部分 代词
一、1. wanted 2. waiter 3. is 4. have 5. have
一、略
6. dose, get 7. happened 8. see 9. playing
二、1. he 2. it 3. they 4. she/it 5. they
10. Open
6. it
二、1. 开门 2. 画画 3. 开会 4. 修理自行车
三、1. Where 2. What 3. When 4. Which
5. 照相 6. 放风筝 7. water the trees
5. Whose 6. Whom
8. look for 9. come out 10. make kites
四、1. A 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. B 6. C
11. play the violin 12. read a magazine
7. D 8. B 9. C 10. A
13. go hiking 14. wake up
五、1. What, see 2. many, students 3. Are,
三、1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. D
any 4. Where, do, play 5. This, is
7. D
6. No, it isn't. 7. Whom 8. 略
四、1. They are plaving football in the afternoon
第7部分 介词
2. He often goes swimming in summer.
3. I went to sehool at seven o'clock yesterday.
一、1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. A
4. I will have a meeting at five o'clock.
7. D 8. C 9. C 10. A
5. I am watching TV.
二、1. in 2. at 3. by 4. above 5. at 6. on
五、1. was 2. walked 3. studied 4. wen
7. for 8. at, in 9. from, to 10. for
5. flew 6. saw 7. jumped 8. swam
三、1. in 2. at 3. in 4. near 5. near 6. by
9. gave 10. clever
7. beside 8. in front of 9. before 10. in the
front of 11. on 12. over 13: over
第11部分 动词的时态
14. above 15. After 16. behind 17. behind
四、1. in 2. with 3. over 4. on 5. at
一、1. stopped 2. played 3. brushed 4. became
5. ran 6. enjoyed 7. knew 8. met 9. put
6. under
10. read 11. putting 12. having 13. singing
五、1. at→in 2. in→at 3. in→on 4. on→in
5. at→in 6. of→with 7. of→in 8. on→by
14. eating 15. getting 16. playing 17. mak
9. in→on 10. to→at
ing 18. watering 19. studving 20. washin
二、1. do, get 2. take 3. am, don't work
第8部分 形容词
4. wants 5. happened 6. go 7. is 8. have
一、1. taller 2. quicker 3. the biggest 4. younger
9. come 10. Did
5. happy 6. slowly 7. well, better, the best
三、1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. D
8. fast 9. more 10. warmer, warmer
7. A 8. D 9. B 10. C
二、1: longer 2. better 3. more excited 4. taller
四、1. She went to school at seven o'clock
5. earlier 6. shorter 7. higher 8. heavier
2. He often goes swimming in summer.
9. younger 10. fatter 11. lighter
3. I am watching TV.
12. stronger
4. I will get home at seven.
三、1. tall 2. cold 3. short 4. hungry 5. tired
5. They are playing table tennis.
四、1. B 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. D 6. A
第12部分 句法
7. D
五、1. empty/hungry 2. light 3. short 4. black
第一节 陈述句
5. wrong/left 6. old 7. different 8. poor
一、1. A 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B
9. small 10. less
二、1. haven't 2. is 3. shouldn't 4. doesn't
5. didn't 6. must 7. will 8. can
第9部分 副词
三、1. It is Lucy's birthday today.
一、1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C 1
2. They are having English class now.
2