专题10 现在分词和过去分词的构成和用法-【寒假分层作业】2025年八年级英语寒假培优练（冀教版）

寒假作业10 现在分词和过去分词的用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（） 考点一 现在分词和过去分词的构成 考点二 现在分词和过去分词的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 现在分词和过去分词的构成 【知识积累·练前热身】 分词： (1) 现在分词:v.-ing,表示动作正在发生,含有主动意义。 类别 构成 例词 现在 分词 一般在动词原形后加-ing read→reading, cook→cooking 　以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing live→living,  write→writing 　以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写该辅音字母后再加-ing sit→sitting,  shop→shopping,  begin→beginning 　以ie结尾的动词,先变ie为y,再加-ing die→dying,  lie→lying, tie→tying  (2) 过去分词:v.-ed,表示动作已经完成,含有被动意义 变化情况 规则/不规则 例词 规则 变化 在动词原形后加-ed work→worked→worked, stay→stayed→stayed 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先将y变为i再加-ed carry→carried→carried, study→studied→studied 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d live→lived→lived,close→closed→closed 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母后再加-ed stop→stopped→stopped, plan→planned→planned 不规则 变化 AAA型(即原形、过去式与过去分词三式同形) cut→cut→cut, put→put→put, let→let→let ABB型(即过去式与过去分词同形) think→thought→thought,teach→taught→taught ABC型(即原形、过去式与过去分词不同形) ABA型(即原形与过去分词同形) do→did→done, go→went→gone come→came→come,run→ran→run 1．There are too many people ________ in Shanghai. A．live B．are living C．lived D．living 2．Jeff ________ on the bed, with the wind ________ ________ outside. A．lies; blows; strongly B．lain; blew; heavily C．lay; blowing; heavily D．lay; blowing; strongly 3．________ several times, Tony still has no idea of how to do the experiment properly. A．Being shown B．Having shown C．Having been shown D．I’ve shown him 4．Charles often imagines ________ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A．escape to fine B．escaping to fine C．to escape fining D．escaping being fined 5．________ his homework, the boy rushed out to the gym ________ in the 1990s. A．Doing; built B．Having done; being built C．Doing; being built D．Having done; built 6．________, we missed the last train to Toronto. A．Oversleep B．Overslept C．Having overslept D．To oversleep 7．—Will you go to Sally’s birthday party tomorrow? —I’m not sure. I ________ so far. A．am not invited B．wasn’t invited C．haven’t been invited D．won’t be invited 8．—It is reported that two-thirds of the water in this village ________ polluted. —Yeah, I know. Although every means ________ tried to solve the problem, all turn out to be useless. A．are; have been B．is; have been C．is; has been D．are; has been 9．Every day, too much water ________ in our school. We should save it. A．is wasted B．wastes C．was wasted D．wasted 10．An organization was ________ to help the children in poor areas. A．put up B．set up C．setting up D．built 11．More trees _________ down if the government doesn’t take proper action. A．will be cut B．will cut C．are cut D．cut 12．These kinds of pens ________ well. So they ________ out quickly in all the shops. A．are written; are sold B．write; are sold C．are written; sell D．write; sell 13．Pet dogs need _______ often. A．wash B．to wash C．washes D．washing 14．—Have you ever read the novel called Gulliver’s Travels? —Yes. It ________ well. A．is read B．was read C．will read D．reads 15．—I’m thinking whether the dog _________. —It ________ after returning from camping. A．needs washing, is smelt badly B．needs to wash, smells badly C．needs washing, smells bad D．needs to be washed, is smelt bad 现在分词和过去分词的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 功能 用法 例句 作定语 ①单个分词作定语常位于所修饰的词前②分词短语作定语常位于所修饰的词后 The soldier rushed into the burning house. 那个士兵冲进了着火的房子。 Do you know the boy called Yang Lin?你认识那个叫杨林的男孩吗? 作表语 ①现在分词表示主语的性质、特征等 ②过去分词表示某种状态 The book is very interesting. I’m interested in it. 这本书很有趣。我对它感兴趣。 作宾 语补 足语 分词作宾语补足语时,常用于感官动词和使役动词后 ①宾语与宾语补足语之间为主动关系或表示动作正在进行用现在分词 ②宾语与宾语补足语之间为被动关系或表示动作已经完成用过去分词 I heard a girl singing in the next room. 我听见有个女孩正在隔壁房间唱歌。 How beautiful!I want to have some photos taken. 太美了!我想拍几张照片。 作状语 现在分词作伴随状语时,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语 Laughing and talking,they went into the room.他们有说有笑地走进了房间。 1．My hobby is ________ chess. I also enjoy ________ stamps. A．play; collecting B．to play; collect C．playing; to collect D．playing; collecting 2．I’m not ___. I have a fever . A．feel well B．feeling good C．feeling well D．feel good 3．Listen! There must be someone ________ through the jungle. A．trek B．treking C．trekking D．to trek 4．There are lots of new kinds of animals ________ in this zoo. A．live B．to live C．living 5．Look! There are some children ________ kites in the park. They’re having a good time. A．fly B．to fly C．flying 6．Thomas Adams tried ________ something to the rubber that he just put into his mouth, ________ the taste would get better. A．to add; to hope B．adding; to hope C．to add; hoping D．adding; hoping 7．Which one of the following sentences is grammatically CORRECT? A．People often have a big family dinner together in the end of year. B．There are many ways to learn about life, take reading for an example. C．He is always daydreaming about working as an architect in the future. D．The most important thing is we need to focus on what we love. 8．—Do you often see William ________ on the playground? —No. But I saw him ________ Chinese Kong fu in the park at 7:00 this morning. A．run; was playing B．running; playing C．run; play D．run; playing 9．I saw a bag ______ on the floor when I was on my way to school. A．lying B．lays C．lies D．laid 10．It’s a little expensive, ________ to Daming’s T-shirt. A．compare B．to compare C．comparing D．compared 11．________ other good students, the teacher thinks, Hank is ________ student. A．Comparing with, the most satisfied B．Compared to, the most satisfied C．Compared with, the most satisfying D．Comparing to, the most satisfying 12．I have been to New York, also ________ “the Big Apple”, three times. A．called B．call C．calls D．to call 13．You’d better get your hair ________. It’s too long. A．cut B．cutting C．to cut 14．You were late again this morning. Was the head teacher ________ you? He always gets ________with this problem. A．angry with; bored B．get angry with; bored C．angry with; boring D．angry to; boring 15．After hearing the news, all people were ________. A．shocked B．shocking C．shocks D．shock 一、完形填空 通读下面短文。掌握其大意，在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 Last week, students at Rosie Bridge School worked hard to make their English Week a big success. There was an English book fair in the library and a treasure hunt. Some students 1 an English play. 2 students took part in an English singing competition. There was also a speaking competition. The students had to speak on a topic in English 3 two minutes. We spoke to the winner, Henry. “I’m so happy that I won,” he said. “I 4 people to speak slowly. 5 they want to be good public speakers, they’d better speak clearly and confidently.” We also spoke to several other students about English Week. One of them was Amy. “I 6 enjoyed English Week. It gave me a 7 to learn new words. I think every school should have an English Week. It’s well worth 8 ,” she said. 9 the last day of English Week, the head teacher gave a speech to the whole school. He gave students some suggestions on how to improve their English. “You should communicate in English with your friends whenever you can. You should read English books and magazines, and watch English television 10 . Above all, you should enjoy English!” he said. 1．A．put up B．put away C．act as D．put on 2．A．Another B．The other C．Other D．Others 3．A．since B．for C．until D．up to 4．A．suggest B．advise C．discuss D．warn 5．A．Because B．Though C．Unless D．If 6．A．still B．really C．also D．hardly 7．A．change B．prize C．chance D．thought 8．A．doing B．to be done C．do D．to do 9．A．On B．In C．At D．By 10．A．competitions B．topics C．programs D．methods 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Today, roller skating (滑旱冰) is easy and fun. 1 many years ago, it wasn’t easy at all. Before 1750, people never tried skating on wheels. That changed because of a man 2 (name) Hoseph Merlin. Merlin’s work was making instruments. In his free time he liked to play 3 violin. Merlin was a man with many ideas and many dreams. People called him a dreamer. One day Merlin received an invitation to go to an important party. He was very 4 (please) and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think. He wanted to find a way 5 (make) a wonderful entrance at the party. Merlin had an idea. He 6 (think) that he would attract a lot of attention if he could skate into the room. Merlin tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided 7 (put) two wheels under each shoe. These were the 8 (one) roller skate shoes. Merlin was very proud of them. He dreamed of arriving at the party and skating into the room while playing the violin. He was sure that everyone would be very surprised. On the night of the party, Merlin rolled into the room, playing his violin. Everyone was really surprised 9 (see) him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skating. He rolled on, playing the violin. Then, with all eyes on him, Merlin hit into a huge mirror 10 the wall. The mirror broke into many pieces with a very loud noise. But nobody forgot Merlin’s wonderful entrance after that. 三、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据要求完成各题。 Elizabeth lived with her six children in a small house. One winter, there was a big flood(洪水), and quite a few houses were washed away, but Elizabeth’s house was high enough to escape(避开) it. One of the families lost everything. Elizabeth helped it by sharing her home until the family could build a new house. Elizabeth’s friends could not understand her, because she already had so many children to look after. “Well,” Elizabeth explained to her friends, “at the end of World War II, there was a poor woman in a town in England. Her husband had been killed in the war and she had a lot of children, just like me now. On Christmas Eve, this woman said to her children, ‘We won’t be able to have much for Christmas. I’m going to get just one present for us all. Now I’ll go and get it.’ She came back with a little girl who had no parents. The children were more than excited to get such a present. They welcomed the little girl warmly, and she grew up as their sister. I was that Christmas present.” 1．Did the flood wash away Elizabeth’s house? 2．How did Elizabeth help one of the families? 3．Why didn’t her friends understand her? 4．When did the poor woman get a present for her children? 5．What was the Christmas present? 1、 补全对话 通读下列对话，然后根据上下文补全对话内容。 A: Hello, Annie. Do you mind if I ask you some questions of TV programmes? B: Yeah, Jack. 1 . I’m glad to answer them. A: 2 ? B: I love soap operas best. A: I never watch them. 3 ? B: Because I can follow the story and see what will happen next. A: Then, what about the boy classmates in your class? B: In our class, boys like games shows and sports shows best. A: Well, I don’t mind them. In fact, sometimes they are very exciting. B: 4 ! They’re too boring. A: Well, really, my favorite TV shows are the news and talk shows. B: OK, now I know: One man’s meat is another man’s poison（毒药）. A: Yes, quite right. Thanks for answering me. B: 5 . 二、阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，然后根据文章内容简要回答第1至4小题。 Ben Cloud is a 16-year-old high school student. He is also a successful business (商业) owner and a role model for many young people. During his middle school years, Ben took a few business classes. They gave him a lot of ideas for how to start his own business. He started by thinking about things he liked. First, it was clothing. Then coffee. He thought about opening a coffee shop. But both ideas seemed too hard and costly. Some people might give up right then and go back to their normal lives. But Ben kept thinking and came up with the idea of selling his own brand (品牌) of coffee. He started doing research online and finally found someone who sold coffee beans. He learned everything he needed to know about the law (法律) to start a business. Then he set up his company. After that, he tested different kinds of coffee with his friends and family. He listened to their suggestions and improved his product. Since he didn’t have enough money, he asked a designer (设计师) to help him come up with a logo, take product pictures, and design a website. He would give the designer coffee in return for her design skills. After setting up his website, Ben started to sell his coffee at his high school coffee shop, then a restaurant, and then local shops. Ben also decided that he would give some of his money by selling coffee to help others. Ben is now not only growing his business but also teaching other kids how to start their own businesses and giving them ideas on how to do so. He has shared his experiences with local school students. “Never let your age stop you from doing what you want to do, “he says. Setting goals, making a plan, reading business books, and making time to think have all been important to his success. Looking to the future, he is considering going to college, where he can keep running his business and also learn and grow from a college experience. Ben Cloud is a great example of a young person who wants to improve himself and be the best he can be. People can learn a lot from him. 1．What gave Ben Cloud ideas for how to start his own business? 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? 3．What is Ben Cloud’s future plan? 4．What do you think of Ben Cloud? Why do you think so? (List at least two reasons. ) 三、阅读理解 I live in a small town near Xing'an in Guilin. You can't see it on the map of China, because it is too small. The air here is fresh. There are not many tall buildings in our town. The tallest building is in our school. There are four hundred students and twenty­five teachers in our school. In the front of the school, there is a playground. I often play basketball with my classmates on it. There is a little garden behind our school. And we can grow beautiful flowers and plant trees there. Next to the garden, there is an orange orchard(果园). You can hear birds singing everywhere. There is a river not far from our school. In summer, we usually go swimming with our teachers in it. We study Chinese, English, math and other subjects at school. The teachers are very nice. We love our school. 1．The writer lives ________. A．in a small town B．in the city of Guilin C．in Xing'an D．in a tall building 2．How many students are there in the school? A．4，025. B．425. C．245. D．400. 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．There are many tall buildings in the town. B．Behind the school there is a garden. C．There is a river in the school. D．People can hear students singing everywhere. 4．What's the best title of the passage? A．The Garden B．A Small Town C．Our School D．The Best Building 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 寒假作业10 现在分词和过去分词的用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（2大考点） 考点一 现在分词和过去分词的构成 考点二 现在分词和过去分词的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 现在分词和过去分词的构成 【知识积累·练前热身】 分词： (1) 现在分词:v.-ing,表示动作正在发生,含有主动意义。 类别 构成 例词 现在 分词 一般在动词原形后加-ing read→reading, cook→cooking 　以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉e再加-ing live→living,  write→writing 　以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写该辅音字母后再加-ing sit→sitting,  shop→shopping,  begin→beginning 　以ie结尾的动词,先变ie为y,再加-ing die→dying,  lie→lying, tie→tying  (2) 过去分词:v.-ed,表示动作已经完成,含有被动意义 变化情况 规则/不规则 例词 规则 变化 在动词原形后加-ed work→worked→worked, stay→stayed→stayed 以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先将y变为i再加-ed carry→carried→carried, study→studied→studied 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d live→lived→lived,close→closed→closed 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,双写该辅音字母后再加-ed stop→stopped→stopped, plan→planned→planned 不规则 变化 AAA型(即原形、过去式与过去分词三式同形) cut→cut→cut, put→put→put, let→let→let ABB型(即过去式与过去分词同形) think→thought→thought,teach→taught→taught ABC型(即原形、过去式与过去分词不同形) ABA型(即原形与过去分词同形) do→did→done, go→went→gone come→came→come,run→ran→run 1．There are too many people ________ in Shanghai. A．live B．are living C．lived D．living 【答案】D 【解析】句意：有太多人住在上海。 考查非谓语动词形式。根据“There are too many people”可知句中已经有谓语动词，live在句中应用非谓语形式，many people与live之间是主动关系，要用现在分词，live动词，“居住”，现在分词为living，故选D。 2．Jeff ________ on the bed, with the wind ________ ________ outside. A．lies; blows; strongly B．lain; blew; heavily C．lay; blowing; heavily D．lay; blowing; strongly 【答案】D 【解析】句意：杰夫躺在床上，外面的风猛烈地吹着。 考查词汇辨析以及非谓语动词。lies躺，lie的第三人称单数；lain躺，lie的过去分词；lay躺，lie的过去式。heavily大量地；strongly强劲地。句中缺少谓语，不能用过去分词，排除B；with引导的独立主格结构，the wind是是主语，与动词blow之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词blowing，排除A；形容风大，应用strongly，故选D。 3．________ several times, Tony still has no idea of how to do the experiment properly. A．Being shown B．Having shown C．Having been shown D．I’ve shown him 【答案】C 【解析】句意：已经演示了好几次了，托尼仍然不知道如何正确地进行实验。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中没有连词，此空应填非谓语作状语，排除选项D；逻辑主语“Tony”和动词show是被动关系，非谓语应用被动形式，排除选项B；“演示”发生在“不知道如何正确地进行实验”之前，应用现在分词的完成式，结构为having been done。故选C。 4．Charles often imagines ________ whenever he breaks traffic regulations. A．escape to fine B．escaping to fine C．to escape fining D．escaping being fined 【答案】D 【解析】句意：查尔斯经常想象逃避罚款无论何时他违反交通规则。 考查非谓语动词。imagine doing sth.“想着做某事”，强调做事的状态，表示已经做了。根据“often”可知，此处强调做的状态，故填“escaping”，排除A、C选项，escape doing sth.“逃避做某事”，根据“whenever he breaks traffic regulations.”可知，此处表达逃避“被罚款”，用现在分词的被动形式，故填“escaping being fined”。故选D。 5．________ his homework, the boy rushed out to the gym ________ in the 1990s. A．Doing; built B．Having done; being built C．Doing; being built D．Having done; built 【答案】D 【解析】句意：完成作业后，那个男孩冲出去到20世纪90年代建的体育馆。 考查非谓语动词。第一空，do his homework的逻辑主语是the boy，它们之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，且做完作业是在冲出去之前，故用现在分词的完成式，即having done；第二空，体育馆是被建成的，因此用被动语态，又因为体育馆是在20世纪90年代被建成的，因此用built。故选D。 6．________, we missed the last train to Toronto. A．Oversleep B．Overslept C．Having overslept D．To oversleep 【答案】C 【解析】句意：由于睡过头，我们错过了去多伦多的最后一班火车。 考查非谓语动词。此处用非谓语动词的完成时，强调对现在的影响。故选C。 7．—Will you go to Sally’s birthday party tomorrow? —I’m not sure. I ________ so far. A．am not invited B．wasn’t invited C．haven’t been invited D．won’t be invited 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你明天会去莎莉的生日派对吗？——我不确定。到目前为止我还没有被邀请。 考查现在完成时的被动语态。so far常与现在完成时连用；结合题干和选项可知，主语I和动词invite之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以空处应用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构是：have/has+been+动词过去分词。故选C。 8．—It is reported that two-thirds of the water in this village ________ polluted. —Yeah, I know. Although every means ________ tried to solve the problem, all turn out to be useless. A．are; have been B．is; have been C．is; has been D．are; has been 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——据报道，这个村庄三分之二的水受到污染。——是的，我知道。尽管已经尝试了各种方法来解决这个问题，但结果都无济于事。 考查动词。第一空，分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式取决于分数后面的名词，water是不可数名词，be动词用is；第二空，every means‌作为主语时，谓语动词应该使用单数形式，助动词用has。故选C。 9．Every day, too much water ________ in our school. We should save it. A．is wasted B．wastes C．was wasted D．wasted 【答案】A 【解析】句意：每天，我们学校都有太多的水被浪费了。我们应该节约用水。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据“Every day”可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语为too much water，与动词waste之间存在被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是第三人称单数，be动词应用is，waste的过去分词为wasted。故选A。 10．An organization was ________ to help the children in poor areas. A．put up B．set up C．setting up D．built 【答案】B 【解析】句意：成立了一个组织来帮助贫困地区的儿童。 考查动词短语。put up张贴；set up创立，设立（主要用于组织、机构、学校等）；built建造（侧重施工建筑）。根据“An organization was...to help the children in poor areas.”可知，此处指设立或成立一个组织，主语“organization”和动词短语“set up”之间是被动关系，应用被动语态“be done”，空处应是set up。故选B。 11．More trees _________ down if the government doesn’t take proper action. A．will be cut B．will cut C．are cut D．cut 【答案】A 【解析】句意：如果政府不采取适当的行动，更多的树木将被砍伐。 考查时态及语态。此句为if引导的条件状语从句，时态遵循 “主将从现”，主句用一般将来时，主语trees与cut是被动关系，应该用一般将来时的被动语态will be done。故选A。 12．These kinds of pens ________ well. So they ________ out quickly in all the shops. A．are written; are sold B．write; are sold C．are written; sell D．write; sell 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这种钢笔很好用。所以它们很快就在所有的商店里卖光了。 考查语态。第一空强调商品的属性，用主动语态，可排除AC选项；第二空强调客观事实，主语“They”和谓语之间是被动关系，需用被动语态be done。故选B。 13．Pet dogs need _______ often. A．wash B．to wash C．washes D．washing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：宠物狗需要经常清洗。 考查主动表被动。根据“Pet dogs need...”可知宠物狗需要被清洗，用结构need doing sth.，主动表被动。故选D。 14．—Have you ever read the novel called Gulliver’s Travels? —Yes. It ________ well. A．is read B．was read C．will read D．reads 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你读过《格列佛游记》这本小说吗？——是的。它读起来很好。 考查主动表被动的用法。此处read是描述主语的特征的不及物动词，应用主动表被动，表示现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是It，谓语动词用单三。故选D。 15．—I’m thinking whether the dog _________. —It ________ after returning from camping. A．needs washing, is smelt badly B．needs to wash, smells badly C．needs washing, smells bad D．needs to be washed, is smelt bad 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——我在想狗是不是需要洗澡。——露营回来后，它闻起来很不好。 考查被动语态。sth. need doing“某事需要被做”，此处用主动表被动，也可用sth. need to be done表示，排除B；smell为系动词，用主动表被动，排除AD。故选C。 现在分词和过去分词的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 功能 用法 例句 作定语 ①单个分词作定语常位于所修饰的词前②分词短语作定语常位于所修饰的词后 The soldier rushed into the burning house. 那个士兵冲进了着火的房子。 Do you know the boy called Yang Lin?你认识那个叫杨林的男孩吗? 作表语 ①现在分词表示主语的性质、特征等 ②过去分词表示某种状态 The book is very interesting. I’m interested in it. 这本书很有趣。我对它感兴趣。 作宾 语补 足语 分词作宾语补足语时,常用于感官动词和使役动词后 ①宾语与宾语补足语之间为主动关系或表示动作正在进行用现在分词 ②宾语与宾语补足语之间为被动关系或表示动作已经完成用过去分词 I heard a girl singing in the next room. 我听见有个女孩正在隔壁房间唱歌。 How beautiful!I want to have some photos taken. 太美了!我想拍几张照片。 作状语 现在分词作伴随状语时,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语 Laughing and talking,they went into the room.他们有说有笑地走进了房间。 1．My hobby is ________ chess. I also enjoy ________ stamps. A．play; collecting B．to play; collect C．playing; to collect D．playing; collecting 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我的爱好是下棋。我也喜欢集邮。 考查非谓语。第一空前有is，其后动词应用ing形式，作表语；第二空是固定短语enjoy doing sth“喜欢做某事”，故选D。 2．I’m not ___. I have a fever . A．feel well B．feeling good C．feeling well D．feel good 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我感觉不舒服，我发烧了。 本题考查固定短语及现在分词。表示身体舒服用feel well，feel good强调心理上的。根据发烧了可知是身体的不舒服排除B、D选项，前面有be动词所以feel要用分词形式feeling，表示的是“在此时的感觉”，故选C。 3．Listen! There must be someone ________ through the jungle. A．trek B．treking C．trekking D．to trek 【答案】C 【解析】句意：听! 一定有人在徒步穿过丛林。 考查非谓语动词。there be sb doing sth“有人在做某事”，空处用现在分词作定语，trek的现在分词形式是trekking。故选C。 4．There are lots of new kinds of animals ________ in this zoo. A．live B．to live C．living 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个动物园里生活着许多新品种的动物。 考查非谓语动词。句子中有谓语动词，此处animals和live之间是主动关系，故此处用现在分词作定语。故选C。 5．Look! There are some children ________ kites in the park. They’re having a good time. A．fly B．to fly C．flying 【答案】C 【解析】句意：看！公园里有一些孩子在放风筝。他们玩得很开心。 考查非谓语动词。There be+主语+doing sth.表示“有某人或某物正在做某事”，现在分词作后置定语。故选C。 6．Thomas Adams tried ________ something to the rubber that he just put into his mouth, ________ the taste would get better. A．to add; to hope B．adding; to hope C．to add; hoping D．adding; hoping 【答案】D 【解析】句意：托马斯·亚当斯试着在刚放进嘴里的橡胶中加入一些东西，希望味道会更好。 考查非谓语动词。try to do sth“努力做某事”；try doing sth“尝试做某事”。根据“something to the rubber that he just put into his mouth,”可知，此处是指托马斯·亚当斯尝试在橡胶中加入一些东西，用try doing sth，可排除AC选项；第二空是现在分词作状语，表伴随状况。故选D。 7．Which one of the following sentences is grammatically CORRECT? A．People often have a big family dinner together in the end of year. B．There are many ways to learn about life, take reading for an example. C．He is always daydreaming about working as an architect in the future. D．The most important thing is we need to focus on what we love. 【答案】C 【解析】句意：以下哪个句子语法正确？ 考查介词短语、非谓语动词和表语从句。A选项中in the end of应为at the end of“在……末尾”；B选项中are是谓语动词，所以take应是非谓语形式，不能用原形，用taking；D选项中is后是表语从句，连接词that不能省略。故选C。 8．—Do you often see William ________ on the playground? —No. But I saw him ________ Chinese Kong fu in the park at 7:00 this morning. A．run; was playing B．running; playing C．run; play D．run; playing 【答案】D 【解析】句意：——你经常看到威廉在操场上跑步吗？——没有。但是今天早上7点我看见他在公园里打中国功夫。 考查非谓语动词。see sb. do sth.“经常看见某人做某事/看见某人做某事的全过程”；see sb doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”。第一空，根据“Do you often see William”可知，强调经常做某事，应用动词原形，所以填run；第二空，根据“at 7:00 this morning”可知，强调正在做某事，所以填playing。故选D。 9．I saw a bag ______ on the floor when I was on my way to school. A．lying B．lays C．lies D．laid 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当我在上学的路上时，我看到地板上有一个包。 考查非谓语动词。根据“when I was on my way to school”可知，看到地板上有一个包，see sb. doing sth.表示“看见某人或物正在做某事”。故选A。 10．It’s a little expensive, ________ to Daming’s T-shirt. A．compare B．to compare C．comparing D．compared 【答案】D 【解析】句意：与大明的T恤相比，它有点贵。 考查非谓语动词。根据“It’s a little expensive, … to Daming’s T-shirt”可知，这里比较的是两个人T恤的价格，T-shirt与compare之间是被动关系，所以应该用过去分词表达被动含义。故选D。 11．________ other good students, the teacher thinks, Hank is ________ student. A．Comparing with, the most satisfied B．Compared to, the most satisfied C．Compared with, the most satisfying D．Comparing to, the most satisfying 【答案】C 【解析】句意：与其他优秀的学生相比，老师认为汉克是一个更令人满意的学生。 考查非谓语动词和形容词辨析。分析句子可知，the teacher thinks 是插入语，并且词组是compare A to/with B，也就是说compare后面要加宾语的，既然分词部分没有宾语就用过去分词，表示被动关系。其次，satisfying 表示“令人满意的”，satisfied 表示主语“满意于……”，第二空是指“汉克是令人满意的学生”，用satisfying。故选C。 12．I have been to New York, also ________ “the Big Apple”, three times. A．called B．call C．calls D．to call 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我去过被称为“大苹果”的纽约三次。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，“New York”与动词call为被动关系，且句子谓语为“have been to”，所以这里应用过去分词called，“called the Big Apple”作后置定语，修饰“New York”。故选A。 13．You’d better get your hair ________. It’s too long. A．cut B．cutting C．to cut 【答案】A 【解析】句意：你最好让人把你的头发剪一下，它太长了。 考查非谓语动词用法。cut剪，为过去式、过去分词或动词原形；cutting为动名词或现在分词；to cut为动词不定式。get sth done表示“使某物被做”，故空处需过去分词。故选A。 14．You were late again this morning. Was the head teacher ________ you? He always gets ________with this problem. A．angry with; bored B．get angry with; bored C．angry with; boring D．angry to; boring 【答案】A 【解析】句意：今天早上你又迟到了。班主任生你的气了吗？他总是很厌烦这个问题。 考查形容词短语及形容词作表语。angry with sb.生某人的气；get angry with是系表结构的短语，D选项angry to介词不对；boring令人厌烦的，修饰物；bored感到厌烦的，修饰人。第一个空前已有了Was，故B选项不对；第二个空表示He感到厌烦，修饰人，应用bored。故选A。 15．After hearing the news, all people were ________. A．shocked B．shocking C．shocks D．shock 【答案】A 【解析】句意：听到这个消息后，所有的人都很震惊的。 考查非谓语动词。shocked震惊，过去分词，；shocking震惊，动名词，shocks震惊第三人称单数；shock震惊原形。谓语动词是were，后加过去分词作表语，故选A。 一、完形填空 通读下面短文。掌握其大意，在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 Last week, students at Rosie Bridge School worked hard to make their English Week a big success. There was an English book fair in the library and a treasure hunt. Some students 1 an English play. 2 students took part in an English singing competition. There was also a speaking competition. The students had to speak on a topic in English 3 two minutes. We spoke to the winner, Henry. “I’m so happy that I won,” he said. “I 4 people to speak slowly. 5 they want to be good public speakers, they’d better speak clearly and confidently.” We also spoke to several other students about English Week. One of them was Amy. “I 6 enjoyed English Week. It gave me a 7 to learn new words. I think every school should have an English Week. It’s well worth 8 ,” she said. 9 the last day of English Week, the head teacher gave a speech to the whole school. He gave students some suggestions on how to improve their English. “You should communicate in English with your friends whenever you can. You should read English books and magazines, and watch English television 10 . Above all, you should enjoy English!” he said. 1．A．put up B．put away C．act as D．put on 2．A．Another B．The other C．Other D．Others 3．A．since B．for C．until D．up to 4．A．suggest B．advise C．discuss D．warn 5．A．Because B．Though C．Unless D．If 6．A．still B．really C．also D．hardly 7．A．change B．prize C．chance D．thought 8．A．doing B．to be done C．do D．to do 9．A．On B．In C．At D．By 10．A．competitions B．topics C．programmes D．methods 【答案】 1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了Rosie Bridge School英语周的情况。 1．句意：一些学生上演了一部英语戏剧。 put up建造；put away收起；act as担任……角色；put on上演。根据空后的“an English play”可知，此处指上演了一部英语戏剧。故选D。 2．句意：其他学生参加了英语歌唱比赛。 Another另一个；The other另一个；Other其他；Others其他人员。分析句子结构可知，此处为“some…，other+名词复数”结构，表示“一些……，另一些……”。故选C。 3．句意：学生们必须用英语就一个话题讲两分钟。 since自从；for（表示一段时间）达；until直到；up to高达。根据空后的“two minutes”表示一段时间可知，此处用for。故选B。 4．句意：我建议人们说慢点。 suggest建议；advise建议；discuss讨论；warn警告。根据下文“they’d better speak clearly and confidently”可知，此处指建议人们说慢点，advise sb. to do sth.“建议某人做某事”，固定词组。故选B。 5．句意：如果他们想成为优秀的公众演讲者，他们最好说话清楚、自信。 Because因为；Though尽管；Unless除非；If如果。根据“…they want to be good public speakers, they’d better speak clearly and confidently”的句意并结合选项可知，此处表示条件，指如果他们想成为优秀的公众演讲者。故选D。 6．句意：我真地很喜欢英语周。 still仍；really真正地；also也；hardly几乎不。根据下文“I think every school should have an English Week”可知，Amy真地很喜欢英语周。故选B。 7．句意：它给了我一个学习新单词的机会。 change变化；prize奖；chance机会；thought思想。根据“It gave me a…to learn new words.”的句意并结合选项可知，此处指学习新单词的机会。故选C。 8．句意：这很值得做。 doing现在分词或动名词形式；to be done不定式的被动语态；do动词原形；to do不定式。be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，固定词组。故选A。 9．句意：在英语周的最后一天，班主任向全校发表了演讲。 On在（某一天）；In在……期间，表示在某月、季节、年、世纪以及泛指的上、下午、晚上等； At在(某时间或时刻)；By通过。根据空后的“the last day of English Week”可知，此处指在英语周的最后一天，应用介词on。故选A。 10．句意：你应该阅读英语书籍和杂志，观看英语电视节目。 competitions竞赛；topics话题；programmes节目；methods方法。根据空前的“television”可知，此处指电视节目。故选C。 二、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填写一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Today, roller skating (滑旱冰) is easy and fun. 1 many years ago, it wasn’t easy at all. Before 1750, people never tried skating on wheels. That changed because of a man 2 (name) Hoseph Merlin. Merlin’s work was making instruments. In his free time he liked to play 3 violin. Merlin was a man with many ideas and many dreams. People called him a dreamer. One day Merlin received an invitation to go to an important party. He was very 4 (please) and a little excited. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think. He wanted to find a way 5 (make) a wonderful entrance at the party. Merlin had an idea. He 6 (think) that he would attract a lot of attention if he could skate into the room. Merlin tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided 7 (put) two wheels under each shoe. These were the 8 (one) roller skate shoes. Merlin was very proud of them. He dreamed of arriving at the party and skating into the room while playing the violin. He was sure that everyone would be very surprised. On the night of the party, Merlin rolled into the room, playing his violin. Everyone was really surprised 9 (see) him. There was just one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skating. He rolled on, playing the violin. Then, with all eyes on him, Merlin hit into a huge mirror 10 the wall. The mirror broke into many pieces with a very loud noise. But nobody forgot Merlin’s wonderful entrance after that. 【答案】 1．But 2．named 3．the 4．pleased 5．to make 6．thought 7．to put 8．first 9．to see 10．on 【解析】本文讲述了滑旱冰这项体育运动是如何被发明的。 1．句意：但多年前，这根本不容易。根据“many years ago, it wasn’t easy at all.”可知，后句语境发生了转折，but“但是”符合题意。故填But。 2．句意：这种情况因为一个名叫何赛弗·梅林的人而改变了。根据“That changed because of a man”可知，此处需要一个过去分词短语作定语，name的过去分词是named，修饰前面的a man。故填named。 3．句意：在他的空闲时间，他喜欢拉小提琴。根据“violin”可知，此处表示拉小提琴，乐器前要加定冠词the，play the violin“拉小提琴”。故填the。 4．句意：他很高兴还有点兴奋。根据“and a little excited”可知，此处表示“高兴的”，此处作表语，用形容词形式，please的形容词是pleased“高兴的”。故填pleased。 5．句意：他想找一种方法在聚会上制造一个精彩的开场。根据“find a way”可知，此处表示“做某事的方法”，way后接动词不定式作后置定语，to make a wonderful entrance“制造一个精彩的开场”。故填to make。 6．句意：他认为如果他能滑进房间，就会引起很多注意。此处描述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，think的过去式是thought“认为”。故填thought。 7．句意：最后，他决定在每只鞋下放两个轮子。根据“he decided”可知，此处表示“决定做某事”，decide to do sth“决定做某事”，此处填不定式。故填to put。 8．句意：这些是第一批旱冰鞋。根据“roller skate shoes”可知，此处表示“第一批”，用序数词first，表示“第一”。故填first。 9．句意：每个人看到他都很惊讶。根据“Everyone was really surprised”可知，此处表示“看到某人做某事”，be surprised to do sth“做某事很惊讶”，此处用动词不定式。故填to see。 10．句意：然后，在所有人的注视下，梅林撞上了墙上的一面大镜子。根据“a huge mirror”和“the wall”可知，此处表示“在墙上的一面大镜子”，on the wall“在墙上”。故填on。 三、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据要求完成各题。 Elizabeth lived with her six children in a small house. One winter, there was a big flood(洪水), and quite a few houses were washed away, but Elizabeth’s house was high enough to escape(避开) it. One of the families lost everything. Elizabeth helped it by sharing her home until the family could build a new house. Elizabeth’s friends could not understand her, because she already had so many children to look after. “Well,” Elizabeth explained to her friends, “at the end of World War II, there was a poor woman in a town in England. Her husband had been killed in the war and she had a lot of children, just like me now. On Christmas Eve, this woman said to her children, ‘We won’t be able to have much for Christmas. I’m going to get just one present for us all. Now I’ll go and get it.’ She came back with a little girl who had no parents. The children were more than excited to get such a present. They welcomed the little girl warmly, and she grew up as their sister. I was that Christmas present.” 1．Did the flood wash away Elizabeth’s house? 2．How did Elizabeth help one of the families? 3．Why didn’t her friends understand her? 4．When did the poor woman get a present for her children? 5．What was the Christmas present? 【答案】1．No, it didn't. 2．By sharing her home until the family could build a new house. 3．Because she already had so many children to look after. 4．On Christmas Eve. 5．A little girl who had no parents. 【解析】本文主要讲述了伊丽莎白的房子在洪水中幸存了下来，虽然她的条件也很艰苦，但是她还尽可能地帮助别人，并收养了一个失去父母的小女孩。 1．句意：洪水冲走了伊丽莎白的房子吗？ 根据文中“but Elizabeth's house was high enough to escape it.”可知，伊丽莎白的房子足够高避开了洪水，故答案为No, it didn't. 2．句意：伊丽莎白是如何帮助其中一个家庭的？ 根据文中“Elizabeth helped it by sharing her home until the family could build a new house.”可知，伊丽莎白帮助了这家人通过分享自己的房子直到那家人建了一个新房子，故答案为By sharing her home until the family could build a new house. 3．句意：为什么她的朋友不理解她？ 根据文中“Elizabeth's friends could not understand her, because she already had so many children to look after.”可知，朋友不理解是因为她已经有如此多的孩子去照顾了，故答案为Because she already had so many children to look after. 4．句意：这个可怜的女人什么时候给她的孩子们买的礼物？ 根据文中“On Christmas Eve, this woman said to her children, We won't be able to have much for Christmas. I'm going to get just one present for us all.”可知，她是在平安夜买礼物，故答案为On Christmas Eve. 5．句意：圣诞礼物是什么？ 根据文中“She came back with a little girl who had no parents.”可知，伊丽莎白带着一个没有父母的小女孩作为圣诞礼物，故答案为A little girl who had no parents. 1、 补全对话 通读下列对话，然后根据上下文补全对话内容。 A: Hello, Annie. Do you mind if I ask you some questions of TV programmes? B: Yeah, Jack. 1 . I’m glad to answer them. A: 2 ? B: I love soap operas best. A: I never watch them. 3 ? B: Because I can follow the story and see what will happen next. A: Then, what about the boy classmates in your class? B: In our class, boys like games shows and sports shows best. A: Well, I don’t mind them. In fact, sometimes they are very exciting. B: 4 ! They’re too boring. A: Well, really, my favorite TV shows are the news and talk shows. B: OK, now I know: One man’s meat is another man’s poison（毒药）. A: Yes, quite right. Thanks for answering me. B: 5 . 【答案】1．Of course not 2．What kind of TV shows do you like best/What kind of TV programmes do you love best/What would you like best 3．Why do you like them best/Why do you love soap operas best 4．I can’t stand them/But I can’t stand them 5．You’re welcome/It’s my pleasure 【解析】本文为Annie与Annie的对话，两个人讨论了一些关于电视节目的问题。 1．根据“Do you mind if I ask you some questions of TV programmes?”和“I’m glad to answer them.”可知，Jack询问是否介意，Annie表示很乐意回答，设空处应表示“不介意”。故填Of course not。 2．根据“Do you mind if I ask you some questions of TV programmes?”和“I love soap operas best.”可知，此处应为Jack询问Annie最喜欢什么电视节目。故填What kind of TV shows do you like best/What kind of TV programmes do you love best/What would you like best。 3．根据“Because I can follow the story and see what will happen next.”可知，此处应为Jack询问Annie最喜欢肥皂剧的原因。故填Why do you like them best/Why do you love soap operas best。 4．根据“In our class, boys like games shows and sports shows best.”和“They’re too boring.”可知，后文Annie表示游戏和体育节目无聊，此处可以表达Annie无法忍受游戏和体育节目。故填I can’t stand them/But I can’t stand them。 5．根据“Thanks for answering me.”可知，对方说谢谢，应回答不客气。故填You’re welcome/It’s my pleasure。 二、阅读表达 阅读下面的短文，然后根据文章内容简要回答第1至4小题。 Ben Cloud is a 16-year-old high school student. He is also a successful business (商业) owner and a role model for many young people. During his middle school years, Ben took a few business classes. They gave him a lot of ideas for how to start his own business. He started by thinking about things he liked. First, it was clothing. Then coffee. He thought about opening a coffee shop. But both ideas seemed too hard and costly. Some people might give up right then and go back to their normal lives. But Ben kept thinking and came up with the idea of selling his own brand (品牌) of coffee. He started doing research online and finally found someone who sold coffee beans. He learned everything he needed to know about the law (法律) to start a business. Then he set up his company. After that, he tested different kinds of coffee with his friends and family. He listened to their suggestions and improved his product. Since he didn’t have enough money, he asked a designer (设计师) to help him come up with a logo, take product pictures, and design a website. He would give the designer coffee in return for her design skills. After setting up his website, Ben started to sell his coffee at his high school coffee shop, then a restaurant, and then local shops. Ben also decided that he would give some of his money by selling coffee to help others. Ben is now not only growing his business but also teaching other kids how to start their own businesses and giving them ideas on how to do so. He has shared his experiences with local school students. “Never let your age stop you from doing what you want to do, “he says. Setting goals, making a plan, reading business books, and making time to think have all been important to his success. Looking to the future, he is considering going to college, where he can keep running his business and also learn and grow from a college experience. Ben Cloud is a great example of a young person who wants to improve himself and be the best he can be. People can learn a lot from him. 1．What gave Ben Cloud ideas for how to start his own business? 2．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? 3．What is Ben Cloud’s future plan? 4．What do you think of Ben Cloud? Why do you think so? (List at least two reasons. ) 【答案】1．The business classes. 2．How Ben started his business. 3．He is considering going to college, where he can keep running his business and also learn and grow from a college experience. 4．He is hard-working and helpful. Because he learned a lot to start his business. He is also teaching other kids how to start their own businesses now. 【解析】本文主要讲述了一位青少年Ben创建自己品牌咖啡的故事。 1．根据第二段“Ben took a few business classes. They gave him a lot of ideas for how to start his own business.”可知，这些商业课程给了他很多关于如何创业的建议。故填The business classes. 2．根据第三段“He started doing research online and finally found someone who sold coffee beans. He learned everything he needed to know about the law to start a business. Then he set up his company.”可知，Ben学会了创业所需的一切法律知识，即本段主要讲了Ben是如何创业的。故填How Ben started his business. 3．根据倒数第二段“Looking to the future, he is considering going to college, where he can keep running his business and also learn and grow from a college experience.”可知，未来Ben正在考虑上大学，在那里他可以继续经营自己的生意，也可以从大学的经历中学习和成长。故填He is considering going to college, where he can keep running his business and also learn and grow from a college experience. 4．根据第三段“He started doing research online and finally found someone who sold coffee beans. He learned everything he needed to know about the law to start a business. Then he set up his company.”Ben学会了创业所需的一切法律知识及倒数第三段“Ben is now not only growing his business but also teaching other kids how to start their own businesses and giving them ideas on how to do so.” Ben现在不仅在发展自己的生意，还教其他孩子如何创业，并为他们提供创业的建议。可总结出，Ben是一个勤奋的人，也是一个乐于助人的人，为了创业他学习了很多，他现在也教其他孩子创业。故填He is hard-working and helpful. Because he learned a lot to start his business. He is also teaching other kids how to start their own businesses now. 三、阅读理解 I live in a small town near Xing'an in Guilin. You can't see it on the map of China, because it is too small. The air here is fresh. There are not many tall buildings in our town. The tallest building is in our school. There are four hundred students and twenty­five teachers in our school. In the front of the school, there is a playground. I often play basketball with my classmates on it. There is a little garden behind our school. And we can grow beautiful flowers and plant trees there. Next to the garden, there is an orange orchard(果园). You can hear birds singing everywhere. There is a river not far from our school. In summer, we usually go swimming with our teachers in it. We study Chinese, English, math and other subjects at school. The teachers are very nice. We love our school. 1．The writer lives ________. A．in a small town B．in the city of Guilin C．in Xing'an D．in a tall building 2．How many students are there in the school? A．4，025. B．425. C．245. D．400. 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．There are many tall buildings in the town. B．Behind the school there is a garden. C．There is a river in the school. D．People can hear students singing everywhere. 4．What's the best title of the passage? A．The Garden B．A Small Town C．Our School D．The Best Building 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 【解析】这篇短文中作者给我们介绍了他居住的地方以及他的学校。 1．细节理解题。根据短文开头I live in a small town near Xing'an in Guilin.可知，作者住在桂林的一个小镇上。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据短文中There are four hundred students and twenty­five teachers in our school.可知，学校里有400名学生。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据短文中There are not many tall buildings in our town可知，镇上没有太多高楼，故A不对；根据There is a river not far from our school.可知，河在离学校不远的地方，并没有在学校里面，故C不对；根据You can hear birds singing everywhere.可知D不对。根据There is a little garden behind our school.可知，学校后面有一个小花园，B选项符合文意，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据文意可知，短文中作者由他所居住的小镇开始，重点给我们介绍了他的学校，报告学校周围的环境、学生以及老师的数量等。C选项“我们的学校”符合文章主题。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$