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参考答案·河南英语(课标版)
教
材
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专题二 名词
命题点 1 名词的数
【考点精讲】
可数名词单数变复数的规则变化
①ways;years ②boxes;brushes ③parties;stories
④keys;holidays ⑤leaves;knives ⑥tomatoes;heroes;
potatoes;photos;pianos
3.
i;-es 5.
v;-es 6.
-es;-s
可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化
a→e 型:
men;women; firemen;postmen;gentlemen;
policemen;policewomen
oo→ee 型:
feet;teeth
“某国人”或“某洲人”变化口诀:
①Chinese;Japanese
②Englishmen;Frenchmen ③Africans;Americans;Asians;
Australians; Canadians; Europeans; Germans; Indians; Ital-
ians;Russians
单复数同形:
deer;sheep
合成词:
将主体词变为复数:passers-by;toothbrushes
其他:
mice;children
【考点精练】
一、1.
information 2.
teeth 3.
pleasure 4.
countries
5.
spirit 6.
decision 7.
hobbies
二、1.
situation 2.
dancer 3.
hours 4.
body
5.
progress 6.
chance 7.
ears 8.
efforts
命题点 2 名词所有格
1.
singers 2.
kids 3.
Teachers 4.
waiters
5.
farmers 6.
doctors 7.
winners 8.
strangers
专题三 形容词和副词
命题点 形容词和副词的比较等级
【考点精讲】
比较等级的变化规则———规则变化
①deeper;deepest ②longer;longest ③nicer;nicest
④larger;largest ⑤bigger;biggest ⑥hotter;hottest
⑦happier;happiest ⑧healthier;healthiest ⑨more
impor-
tant;the
most
important ⑩more
careful;the
most
careful
比较等级的变化规则———不规则变化
①better;best ②worse;worst ③more;most ④less;least
⑤farther / further;farthest / furthest ⑥older / elder;oldest /
eldest
【考点精练】
一、1.
cleaner 2.
better 3.
fastest 4.
wiser 5.
cold
6.
higher 7.
cheapest 8.
harder 9.
crowded
10.
politely 11.
longest 12.
more 13.
clearly
14.
youngest 15.
colorful 16.
happiest 17.
earlier
18.
quickly
二、1.
heavily
2.
better 3.
warmest 4.
friendlier
5.
harder
6.
highest 7.
more
expensive 8.
more
difficult 9.
early 10.
lucky 11.
worse 12.
colder
13.
best 14.
harder
专题四 代词
命题点 1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
一、1.
mine 2.
They 3.
herself 4.
him 5.
our
6.
your 7.
its
二、1.
his 2.
They 3.
him 4.
you 5.
your 6.
myself
7.
her 8.
Our 9.
mine
命题点 2 不定代词
一、1.
others 2.
either 3.
few 4.
any 5.
much
6.
none 7.
another 8.
the
other
二、1.
B 2.
D 3.
A 4.
C 5.
C 6.
B 7.
A
8.
B
9.
A 10.
C
命题点 3 指示代词
1.
This 2.
That 3.
those 4.
These 5.
one 6.
it
专题五 数词
1.
third 2.
fifth 3.
ninth 4.
second 5.
thirties
6.
Hundreds 7.
thousand 8.
twice 9.
fourths
专题六 介词
一、1.
on 2.
through 3.
near 4.
among 5.
like
6.
in 7.
against 8.
for
二、1.
from 2.
Inside 3.
on 4.
after 5.
about
6.
with 7.
at 8.
for
三、1.
without 2.
to / into 3.
by 4.
of 5.
with
专题七 冠词
一、1.
a 2.
the 3.
the 4.
a 5.
an 6.
a 7.
the
8.
an
二、1.
the 2.
a 3.
the 4.
an 5.
an 6.
the 7.
a
专题八 简单句
命题点 1 疑问句
一、1.
Neither 2.
How
soon 3.
Is 4.
Whose 5.
or
6.
When
二、1.
What 2.
Was 3.
Have 4.
How 5.
how
long
6.
How
many 7.
Who 8.
How
often
命题点 2 祈使句
1.
forget 2.
leave 3.
Remember 4.
find 5.
and
6.
Ask
命题点 3 感叹句
1.
How 2.
What
a 3.
How 4.
What 5.
How
6.
What
an 7.
how 8.
What
命题点 4 There
be句型
1.
are 2.
is 3.
There 4.
is
going
to
be / will
be
5.
were 6.
was;is 7.
Is
there 8.
No,
there
arent
命题点 5 倒装句
1.
Neither 2.
will 3.
So 4.
did 5.
was
6.
Here / There
专题九 并列复合句
一、1.
so 2.
but 3.
and 4.
or 5.
Both;and
6.
either;or 7.
neither;nor
二、1.
and 2.
nor 3.
so 4.
or 5.
but
专题十 主从复合句
命题点 1 宾语从句
一、1.
what 2.
whether 3.
turns 4.
why 5.
where
6.
when 7.
felt
二、1.
how 2.
whether 3.
why 4.
that 5.
what
命题点 2 定语从句
一、1.
which / that 2.
where 3.
when 4.
that
5.
who / that 6.
whose 7.
why
二、1.
when 2.
whose 3.
who 4.
which 5.
where
命题点 3 状语从句
一、1.
before 2.
since 3.
though 4.
keep 5.
unless
6.
As
long
as 7.
so
that 8.
If 9.
until
10.
because 11.
came 12.
Although
二、1.
Although 2.
After 3.
until 4.
Since 5.
because
6.
if 7.
whether
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教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
专题七 冠词
(语篇填空第二节:5 年 5 考)
考点精讲
考向 1
不定冠词 a / an(2022. 67,2020. 68)
1.
基本用法
用法 例句
泛指某人、某物、某类人、
某类事物、某类人或事物
中的任何一个。
An
ant
is
much
smaller
than
an
elephant.
I
want
to
be
a
nurse
when
I
grow
up.
表 示 数 量 “ 一 ”, 相 当
于 one。
I
have
a
ruler,
an
eraser
and
two
pencils.
用于第一次提到的某人或
某物前。
A
little
girl
is
smiling
at
me.
用于表示时间、速度、价格
等意义的名词前,
表示
“每一”。
I
go
skiing
once
a
week.
用于序数词前, 表示 “ 又
一;
再一”。
The
cake
is
delicious,
and
Id
like
a
second
one.
用于可视为一个整体的两
个名词前。
Please
give
me
a
knife
and
fork.
用于物质名词前,表示“一
种”、 “ 一 场 ( 雨、 雪、 风
等)”。
What
a
heavy
rain!
1.
a 与 an 的区别:判断一个单词前用 a 还是 an,
是根据其读音,而不是首字母。 a 用于以辅音
音素开头的单词前,an 用于以元音音素开头的
单词前。 (切记:元音音素≠元音字母,辅音音
素≠辅音字母。)
2.
26 个英文字母中,前面用 an 的字母要特别记:
a,
e,
f,
h,
i,
l,
m,
n,
o,
r,
s,
x。
3.
要注意区别以“u”开头的单词。
(1)当“u”发 / ʌ / 音时,单词前用 an,如:
an
umbrella;
an
unhappy
day。
(2)当“u”发 / juː / 音时,单词前用 a,如:
a
university;
a
useful
book。
2.
含不定冠词的固定搭配
live
a
good
life 过着美好的生活(2022. 67)
a
couple
of 两个;一对;几个
a
few 一些;少数 a
little 一点儿;少量
a
little
bit 有点儿;稍微
a
lot
of / a
number
of 许多
a
piece
of 一片 / 块 / 张
all
of
a
sudden 突然;猛地
as
a
result 结果;因此 come
to
an
end 结束
give
sb.
a
hand 帮助某人
have
a
good
time 玩得愉快
have / take
a
look 看一看
have
a
point 有道理 have
a
rest 休息
take
a
break
休息 have
a
try 试一试
in
a
word 总而言之 in
a
hurry 匆忙地
make
a
decision 做决定
make
a
difference 有影响
make
an
effort 付出努力
make
a
living 谋生
make
a
mess 弄得一团糟
make
a
mistake 犯错 make
a
wish 许愿
once
in
a
while 偶尔;间或
once
upon
a
time 从前 quite
a
few 相当多
ride
a
bike 骑自行车
take
a
message 捎个口信
take
a
risk 冒险 take
a
shower 洗淋浴
take
a
walk 散步
play
a
role / part
in
在……中发挥作用
have
a
cold / fever / headache / stomachache 感冒 /
发烧 / 头疼 / 胃疼
49
教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
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练
考向 2
定冠词 the(5 年 3 考)
1.
基本用法
用法 示例
用在由普通名词构成的专有
名词前。
the
Terracotta
Army
the
Great
Wall
用在上文已提及的人或事
物前。
I
saw
a
film
yesterday.
The
film
was
interesting.
用在谈话双方都知道的人或
事物前。
Can
you
give
me
the
pencil?
用在由限制性定语所修饰的
人或事物前。
The
notebook
on
the
desk
isnt
mine.
用在序数词、形容词或副词
的最高级之前(副词最高级
前的 the 可以省略)。
the
second
floor
the
tallest
boy
用在表示乐器的名词之前。
play
the
piano / violin /
guitar / drums
用在某些形容词前,表示某
一类人或事物。
the
poor
the
rich
用在可数名词单数前,表示
某一类人或事物。
The
elephant
is
my
favorite
animal.
用在世界上独一无二的事物
名词前。
the
sun
用在姓氏的复数形式前,
指
某某一家人或某某夫妇。
the
Browns
用在表示具体的方位、时间
的名词前。
on
the
left
in
the
evening
用在 next,
last,
same,
only
等词前。
the
next
day
in
the
same
class
用在表示世纪、年代、朝代等
的名词前。
in
the
1980s
in
the
eighteenth
century
in
the
Tang
Dynasty
2.
含定冠词的固定搭配 / 专有名词
the
Great
Wall 长城
all
the
time 一直
all
(the)
year
round 一年到头
around
the
world 全世界
at
the
age
of 在……岁时
at
the
beginning
of 在……开始
at
the
end
of 在……的末尾
at
the
same
time 同时
at
the
top
of 在……顶部
by
the
way 顺便说 / 提一下
do
the
dishes 清洗餐具
go
to
the
doctor 去看医生
go
to
the
movies 去看电影
in
the
countryside 在农村
in
the
end 最后
in
the
future 在未来
in
the
middle
of 在……的中间
in
the
morning / in
the
afternoon / in
the
evening
在早上 / 在下午 / 在晚上
in
the
past 在过去
on
the
Internet 在网上
the
day
after
tomorrow 后天
the
day
before
yesterday 前天
the
Olympic
Games 奥林匹克运动会
the
same
as 和……相同
by
the
end
of 到……结束时
get
in
the
way
of 挡……的路;妨碍
in
the
face
of 面对(问题、困难等)
make
the
soccer
team 加入足球队
with
the
help
of 在……的帮助下
on
(the)
one
hand
on
the
other
hand
一方面……另一方面……
the+比较级
the+比较级
越……,就越……
考向 3
零冠词的用法
用法 示例
一日三餐、球类、 棋类、
学 科 和 语 言 前 不 用
冠词。
have
breakfast
play
basketball
play
chess
learn
English
speak
Chinese
by 与交通工具连用时不
用冠词。
by
bike / bus / car / plane / ship /
taxi / train
部分节日、季节、 月份、
星期前不用冠词。
on
Mothers
Day in
summer
in
February
on
Monday
名词前有物主代词、指
示代词、不定代词、疑问
代词或名词所有格修饰
时不用冠词。
her
daughter that
book
both
sweaters which
school
Jasons
computer
不可数名词或名词复数
表示泛指时,其前不用
冠词。
Students
should
study
hard.
头 衔 或 称 呼 前 不 用
冠词。
This
is
Professor
Wu.
某些专有名词 ( 如: 人
名、地名、国名) 前不用
冠词。
Maria
lives
in
London.
I
will
go
to
Canada
next
year.
特例:the
US;
the
UK;
the
UN
“专有名词+普通名词”构
成的街名、路名、山名等词
前不用冠词。
Hainan
Island
Nanjing
Road
59
教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
考点精练
一、用适当的冠词完成句子
1.
It
is
such
a
great
time
that
all
of
us
should
fight
for
better
future
of
China.
2.
We
took
a
tour
by
coach
to
Summer
Palace
last
weekend.
3.
My
brother
loves
music
and
enjoys
playing
violin
in
his
free
time.
4.
Beijing
is
so
amazing
that
I
have
been
there
twice.
If
possible,
I
still
want
to
go
there
third
time.
5.
I
know
about
organization
called
WWF.
It
aims
to
help
protect
wild
animals
in
the
world.
6.
When
I
was
little,
my
mother
always
told
me
to
be
useful
person
to
society.
7.
My
grandpa
is
a
kind
man.
He
always
tries
his
best
to
help
weak.
8.
Students
are
supposed
to
get
at
least
hour
of
physical
activity
every
day.
二、语篇填空第二节———盲填
People
often
think
failure
is
bad.
In
fact,
failure
sometimes
is
a
good
chance
for
you
to
learn
more
and
to
become
more
successful
in
1.
future.
So
remember
that
failure
is
just
2.
normal
part
of
life.
Here
are
some
suggestions
for
you
when
you
fail.
Face
3.
failure
bravely.
Failure
is
a
good
way
of
learning.
If
you
never
fail
in
something,
you
wont
probably
learn
what
life
teaches
you.
So
failure
means
taking
something
bad
away
from
your
life
experience.
Never
give
up
trying.
Trying
or
learning
something
new
is
4.
important
step
to
success.
Maybe
you
get
disappointed
because
of
failure
when
trying
something
new.
But
if
you
give
up,
your
progress
will
come
to
5.
end.
Learn
to
depend
on
yourself.
Nobody
can
be
your
safety
net
all
6.
time
in
your
life.
Become
your
own
best
friend.
Do
everything
that
you
can
possibly
do
for
yourself.
Dont
look
back.
People
often
spend
too
much
time
looking
back.
In
fact,
theres
nothing
back
there
to
see.
Just
spend
10%
of
your
time
looking
forward,
and
youll
be
in
7.
better
position.
专题八 简单句
命题点 1 疑问句
(完形:2020. 51)
考点精讲
考向 1
一般疑问句
一般疑问句:能用 yes 或 no 来回答的疑问句。
形式 答语
Be+主语+其他?
Yes(,主语+be). / No(,主语
+be+not) .
情态动词 +主语 +动词
原形+其他?
Yes(,主语+情态动词). / No
(,主语+情态动词+not) .
助 动 词(Do / Does / Did /
Have / Has / Had)+主语+动
词原形 / 过去分词+其他?
Yes(,主语+助动词). / No (,
主语+助动词+not) .
考向 2
特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句:用特殊疑问词引导的疑问句。 其不
能用 yes 或 no 来回答。
疑问词(组) 含义及用法 答语
what
什么,询问物品、职
业或身份。
who / whom 谁,询问人物。
which
哪一个,询问特定范
围内的人或物。
whose 谁的,询问所属。
根 据 实 际 情 况
作答。
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