第二部分 专题四 命题点2 不定代词&命题点3 指示代词-【一战成名新中考】2025河南中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练
|
2份
|
5页
|
55人阅读
|
1人下载
教辅
内容正文:
参考答案·河南英语(课标版)
教
材
精
讲
练
专题二 名词
命题点 1 名词的数
【考点精讲】
可数名词单数变复数的规则变化
①ways;years ②boxes;brushes ③parties;stories
④keys;holidays ⑤leaves;knives ⑥tomatoes;heroes;
potatoes;photos;pianos
3.
i;-es 5.
v;-es 6.
-es;-s
可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化
a→e 型:
men;women; firemen;postmen;gentlemen;
policemen;policewomen
oo→ee 型:
feet;teeth
“某国人”或“某洲人”变化口诀:
①Chinese;Japanese
②Englishmen;Frenchmen ③Africans;Americans;Asians;
Australians; Canadians; Europeans; Germans; Indians; Ital-
ians;Russians
单复数同形:
deer;sheep
合成词:
将主体词变为复数:passers-by;toothbrushes
其他:
mice;children
【考点精练】
一、1.
information 2.
teeth 3.
pleasure 4.
countries
5.
spirit 6.
decision 7.
hobbies
二、1.
situation 2.
dancer 3.
hours 4.
body
5.
progress 6.
chance 7.
ears 8.
efforts
命题点 2 名词所有格
1.
singers 2.
kids 3.
Teachers 4.
waiters
5.
farmers 6.
doctors 7.
winners 8.
strangers
专题三 形容词和副词
命题点 形容词和副词的比较等级
【考点精讲】
比较等级的变化规则———规则变化
①deeper;deepest ②longer;longest ③nicer;nicest
④larger;largest ⑤bigger;biggest ⑥hotter;hottest
⑦happier;happiest ⑧healthier;healthiest ⑨more
impor-
tant;the
most
important ⑩more
careful;the
most
careful
比较等级的变化规则———不规则变化
①better;best ②worse;worst ③more;most ④less;least
⑤farther / further;farthest / furthest ⑥older / elder;oldest /
eldest
【考点精练】
一、1.
cleaner 2.
better 3.
fastest 4.
wiser 5.
cold
6.
higher 7.
cheapest 8.
harder 9.
crowded
10.
politely 11.
longest 12.
more 13.
clearly
14.
youngest 15.
colorful 16.
happiest 17.
earlier
18.
quickly
二、1.
heavily
2.
better 3.
warmest 4.
friendlier
5.
harder
6.
highest 7.
more
expensive 8.
more
difficult 9.
early 10.
lucky 11.
worse 12.
colder
13.
best 14.
harder
专题四 代词
命题点 1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
一、1.
mine 2.
They 3.
herself 4.
him 5.
our
6.
your 7.
its
二、1.
his 2.
They 3.
him 4.
you 5.
your 6.
myself
7.
her 8.
Our 9.
mine
命题点 2 不定代词
一、1.
others 2.
either 3.
few 4.
any 5.
much
6.
none 7.
another 8.
the
other
二、1.
B 2.
D 3.
A 4.
C 5.
C 6.
B 7.
A
8.
B
9.
A 10.
C
命题点 3 指示代词
1.
This 2.
That 3.
those 4.
These 5.
one 6.
it
专题五 数词
1.
third 2.
fifth 3.
ninth 4.
second 5.
thirties
6.
Hundreds 7.
thousand 8.
twice 9.
fourths
专题六 介词
一、1.
on 2.
through 3.
near 4.
among 5.
like
6.
in 7.
against 8.
for
二、1.
from 2.
Inside 3.
on 4.
after 5.
about
6.
with 7.
at 8.
for
三、1.
without 2.
to / into 3.
by 4.
of 5.
with
专题七 冠词
一、1.
a 2.
the 3.
the 4.
a 5.
an 6.
a 7.
the
8.
an
二、1.
the 2.
a 3.
the 4.
an 5.
an 6.
the 7.
a
专题八 简单句
命题点 1 疑问句
一、1.
Neither 2.
How
soon 3.
Is 4.
Whose 5.
or
6.
When
二、1.
What 2.
Was 3.
Have 4.
How 5.
how
long
6.
How
many 7.
Who 8.
How
often
命题点 2 祈使句
1.
forget 2.
leave 3.
Remember 4.
find 5.
and
6.
Ask
命题点 3 感叹句
1.
How 2.
What
a 3.
How 4.
What 5.
How
6.
What
an 7.
how 8.
What
命题点 4 There
be句型
1.
are 2.
is 3.
There 4.
is
going
to
be / will
be
5.
were 6.
was;is 7.
Is
there 8.
No,
there
arent
命题点 5 倒装句
1.
Neither 2.
will 3.
So 4.
did 5.
was
6.
Here / There
专题九 并列复合句
一、1.
so 2.
but 3.
and 4.
or 5.
Both;and
6.
either;or 7.
neither;nor
二、1.
and 2.
nor 3.
so 4.
or 5.
but
专题十 主从复合句
命题点 1 宾语从句
一、1.
what 2.
whether 3.
turns 4.
why 5.
where
6.
when 7.
felt
二、1.
how 2.
whether 3.
why 4.
that 5.
what
命题点 2 定语从句
一、1.
which / that 2.
where 3.
when 4.
that
5.
who / that 6.
whose 7.
why
二、1.
when 2.
whose 3.
who 4.
which 5.
where
命题点 3 状语从句
一、1.
before 2.
since 3.
though 4.
keep 5.
unless
6.
As
long
as 7.
so
that 8.
If 9.
until
10.
because 11.
came 12.
Although
二、1.
Although 2.
After 3.
until 4.
Since 5.
because
6.
if 7.
whether
71
教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
考点精练
一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子
I we he you she it they
1.
Your
name
is
next
to
on
the
list. We
both
won
the
prize.
2.
Mary
and
Mike
have
the
same
reading
habit.
go
to
the
Reading
Corner
twice
a
week.
3.
I
bought
some
DIY
materials
for
my
sister
yesterday.
She
likes
creating
things
by
.
4.
Mikes
favorite
subject
is
history.
It
makes
know
a
lot
about
the
past.
5.
My
brother
and
I
like
soccer
very
much.
Its
favorite
sport.
6.
I
dont
think
you
can
make
own
decision.
Youd
better
discuss
it
with
your
parents.
7.
Kunming
is
known
as
the
Spring
City
because
of
warm
weather
all
year
round.
二、用适当的代词完成语篇
Einstein
is
one
of
the
greatest
scientists
in
history.
Although
he
was
strict
in
his
research,
he
didnt
pay
much
attention
to
1.
daily
life
and
he
was
rather
friendly
to
others
as
well.
Here
is
a
story
to
prove
it.
One
afternoon,
Einstein
was
walking
home
from
work.
A
12-year-old
girl
was
also
walking
home
from
school.
2.
were
soon
walking
side
by
side.
The
girl
looked
at
3.
curiously(好奇地)
from
time
to
time.
“Pardon
me,”
the
girl
said,
“but
4.
look
just
like
Albert
Einstein. ”
“ Thats
because
I
am
Albert
Einstein!”
Einstein
said.
“ I
dont
believe
you,”
the
girl
said.
“ Everyone
knows
that
Einstein
is
a
talent.
But
youre
wearing
5.
sweater
backwards(倒
着),
so
you
cant
be
very
clever. ”
Einstein
began
to
laugh.
“Youre
the
first
person
to
be
so
honest
with
me,”
he
said
to
the
girl.
“Its
a
pleasure
to
hear
the
truth
about
6.
. ”
After
that
day,
the
girl
often
visited
Einstein.
One
afternoon,
7.
mother
asked
Einstein
why
he
spent
so
much
time
with
her
daughter.
“ 8.
friendship
is
easy
to
explain,”
Einstein
said.
“Your
daughter
tells
me
the
true
look
of
9.
and
brings
me
cookies.
In
return,
I
help
her
with
her
maths
homework. ”
命题点 2 不定代词
(完形:2019. 38,2015. 39;语篇填空第一节:2020. 65)
考点精讲
考向 1
普通不定代词(2020. 65)
初中常见的普通不定代词辨析如下:
1.
some 与 any
相同点
表示“一些”,即不确定的数量,均可指代
或修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。
不同点
some 一般用于肯定句中,也可用于表示建
议或请求的疑问句中,表示说话者希望得
到对方肯定的回答。
any 多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。
用于肯定句时表示“三个或三个以上的人
或物中的任何(一个 / 一些)”。
2.
many 与 much
相同点
都意为“很多”,可单独使用,也可跟 of 短
语,也可与表示程度的副词 so 或 too 连用。
不同点
many 指代或修饰可数名词复数。
much 指代或修饰不可数名词。
3.
a
little,
little,
a
few与 few
肯定含义 否定含义 所跟名词
a
little 一点儿
little
几乎没有
不可数名词
a
few 一些;几个
few
几乎没有
可数名词
复数
48
教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
4.
every 与 each
代词 every each
不同点
修饰名词单数, 不
可单独使用。
既可修饰名词单数也
可单独使用。
指三者或三者以上
的人 或 事 物 中 的
“每一个”。
指两者或两者以上的
人或事物中的“每一
个”。
后不可跟 of 短语。 后可跟 of 短语。
相同点
“every / each +名词单数” 作主语时,谓语动
词要用单数形式。
5.
both,
either,
neither,
all 与 none
代词 含义 谓语形式 短语
both 两者都 复数
both
and
……和……都
both
of
……都
either
两者中的
任意一个
单数
eitheror
或者
……或者……
either
of
两者中
的任意一个……
neither 两者都不 单数
neither
nor
……和……都不
neither
of
……
都不
all
三者或三
者以上都
根 据 它 指
代 或 修 饰
的 名 词 的
数来决定
all
of
……都
none
三者或
三者以
上都不
根据它指代
或修饰的名
词 的 数 来
决定
none
of
……都不
6.
other,
others,
the
other,
the
others与 another
代词 含义 用法
other
其他的;另
外的
常接名词复数,表示除去一部
分以外的另外的部分,但不是
剩下的全部。
others
泛指 别 的
人或物
= other+可数名词复数,表示除
去一部分以外另外的部分,但
不是剩下的全部。
常用搭配:some,
others一
些……,另一些……(剩下的一
部分)
续表
代词 含义 用法
the
other
两 者 中 的
另一个
后接可数名词单数。
常用短语: one ,
the
other
一个……,另一个……
两 部 分 中
的 另 外 一
部分
后接可数名词复数,表示其余
的全部。
the
others
特指其余
的人或物
= the
other+可数名词复数,表
示其余的全部。
常用搭配: some ,
the
others
一些……,另一些……(剩
下的全部)
another
任何一个;
另一个
后接可数名词单数,表示另一
个……
不接名词,指代三者或三者以
上中的另一个。
another
+数词
+可数名词复数
=
数词+
more
+可数名词复数
考向 2
复合不定代词(2019. 38,2015. 39)
1.
初中常见的复合不定代词如下表:
词缀
词根
-one -body -thing
some-
someone
某人
somebody
某人
something
某事 / 物
any-
anyone
任何人
anybody
任何人
anything
任何事
every-
everyone
每人
everybody
每人
everything
每件事 / 物
no-
no
one
没有人
nobody
没有人
nothing
没有事 / 物
2.
复合不定代词的用法
(1)由 some-构成的复合不定代词常用于肯定句
中,也可用于表建议或请求的疑问句中,表示
说话人希望得到肯定的回答;由 any-构成的复
合不定代词多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中,
用于肯定句时,表示“任何人 / 任何事”。
(2)当形容词或 else 修饰复合不定代词时,形容
词或 else 需 后 置。 如: Is
there
anything
interesting
in
this
book?
(3)复合不定代词可作主语、宾语和表语,不能作
定语。 作主语时,
谓语动词通常用单数。
如:Everyone
is
happy
to
hear
the
news.
58
教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
(4)somebody / someone 还可意为“大人物,重要人
物”;nobody 还可意为“小人物,无名小卒”。
3.
含复合不定代词的常用句型
(1)There
is
something / nothing
wrong
with
……
出问题了 / 没有问题。
(2)There
is
nothing
to+动词原形
没有什么
要……
(3) has
something / nothing
to
do
with
……和
……有关 / 无关。
(4)sb.
can
do
nothing
but+动词原形
某人什么
都不能做,只能……
考点精练
一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子
other much the
other either
any none few
another
1.
The
monitor
of
our
class
is
warm-hearted
and
always
ready
to
help
.
2.
Here
are
two
books
about
traditional
Chinese
tea-
making
culture.
Youre
free
to
take
of
them
and
leave
one
for
me.
3.
The
question
that
Mr.
Smith
asked
us
was
too
difficult,
so
students
could
answer
it.
4.
Ive
got
a
few
books
about
Traditional
Chinese
Medicine.
You
can
borrow
book
you
like.
5.
My
aunt
has
worked
as
a
teacher
for
20
years,
so
she
has
experience
in
teaching.
6.
The
police
asked
many
people
about
the
accident,
but
of
them
was
clear
about
it.
7.
We
have
to
wait
for
two
hours
to
get
the
result
of
the
test.
8.
I
have
two
friends.
One
is
from
the
USA,
and
is
from
the
UK.
二、完形填空
Life
is
not
easy,
so
Id
like
to
say
“When
1
happens,
believe
in
yourself. ”
When
I
was
a
young
boy,
I
was
too
shy
to
talk
to
2 .
My
classmates
often
laughed
at
me.
I
was
sad
but
could
do
3 .
Later,
4
happened,
and
it
changed
my
life.
It
was
an
English
speech
contest.
My
mother
asked
me
to
take
part
in
it.
What
a
terrible
idea!
It
meant
I
had
to
speak
in
front
of
all
the
teachers
and
students
of
my
school
and
I
was
sure
that
5
would
laugh
at
me.
“Come
on,
boy.
Believe
in
yourself.
You
are
sure
to
win. ”
Then
my
mother
and
I
talked
6
about
different
topics.
At
last,
I
chose
the
topic
“Believe
in
yourself” .
I
tried
my
best
to
remember
7
about
the
speech
and
practiced
it
over
100
times.
With
my
mothers
support
and
encouragement,
I
did
well
in
the
contest.
I
could
hardly
believe
my
ears
when
the
news
came
that
I
had
won
the
first
place.
8
cheered
for
me.
Those
classmates
who
once
looked
down
on
me,
now
all
said
“Congratulations!”
to
me.
My
mother
hugged
me
and
cried
excitedly. Since
then,
everything
has
changed
for
me.
I
became
confident
and
9
laughed
at
me
anymore.
I
dont
think
10
should
give
up
being
themselves,
no
matter
what
kind
of
personality(性格)
they
have.
1.
( B )A.
something B.
anything
C.
everything D.
nothing
2.
( D )A.
everybody B.
nobody
C.
somebody D.
anybody
3.
( A )A.
nothing B.
something
C.
anything D.
everything
4.
( C )A.
anything B.
everything
C.
something D.
nothing
5.
( C )A.
everyone B.
anyone
C.
someone D.
no
one
6.
( B )A.
anything B.
something
C.
nothing D.
everything
7.
( A
)A.
everything B.
nothing
C.
something D.
anything
8.
( B )A.
Nobody B.
Everybody
C.
Anybody D.
Somebody
9.
( A )A.
no
one B.
someone
C.
anyone D.
everyone
10.
( C )A.
someone B.
no
one
C.
anyone D.
everyone
68
教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
命题点 3 指示代词
考点精讲
初中常见的指示代词的用法如下表:
代词 用法
this
(复数:these)
(1)指代时间或空间上离说话人较近的
人或物,人或物为单数用 this,为复
数用 these;
(2)指代下文要提到的事;
(3)在电话用语中,
常用 this 介绍自己
是谁。
that
(复数:those)
(1)指代时间或空间上离说话人较远的
人或物,人或物为单数用 that,为复
数用 those;
(2)指代前面刚刚提到过的事;
(3)在电话用语中,常用 that 询问对方
是谁;
(4)用于比较级结构中,代替前面提到
的名词,that 指代可数名词单数或
不可数名词, those 指代可数名词
复数。
it 和 one 虽然不是指示代词,但常和 this,that 在
一起考查,所以有必要掌握 it 和 one 作代词的用法。
代词 用法 例句
it
(复数:them)
特指上文提到的同
一 事 物 ( 同 类 同
物)。
I
just
put
my
key
on
the
desk,
but
now
I
cant
find
it.
续表
代词 用法 例句
one
(复数:ones)
泛指上文提到的同
类人或事物中的一
个(同类异物)。
I
dont
like
this
pen.
Please
show
me
a
better
one.
拓展
it 的特殊用法
1.
it 作形式主语时,常用于下列句型中:
(1)Its+adj. ( +for / of
sb. ) +to
do
sth.
做某事(对
某人来说)是…… / (某人)做某事是……的。
(2)Its
time
to
do
sth. / for
sth. / that
是(做)……
的时候了。
(3)Its
ones
turn
to
do
sth.
轮到某人做某事。
(4)It
seems / seemed
that
好像 / 似乎……
(5)Its+adj. +that 从句
做某事是……的。
(6)Its
a
pity
that
遗憾的是……
(7)Its
a
good
habit
to
do
sth.
做某事是个好习惯。
(8)It
takes / took
(sb. )+一段时间+to
do
sth.
做某事
花费(某人)……(多长)时间。
(9) It
is
said / reported / believed
that
据说 / 据报
道 / 人们相信……
(10)Its
a
waste
of
time / money
(in)
doing
sth.
做某事是浪费时间 / 金钱。
2.
it 作形式宾语时,常用于下列句型中:
(1)find / think / make / consider / feel
it+adj. +to
do
sth.
(2)find / think / make / consider / feel
it +adj.+that 从句
考点精练
用方框中所给单词完成句子
one that
these it
this
those
1.
is
Alans
white
pen
and
that
is
Toms
black
pencil.
2.
girl
in
blue
over
there
is
my
classmate
Molly.
We
often
do
homework
together.
3.
Students
who
often
ask
questions
during
or
after
class
can
gain
more
knowledge
than
who
seldom
ask.
4.
are
Emmas
friends.
They
are
from
England.
5.
Sam
thinks
sweeping
robots
are
useful
and
wants
to
buy
for
his
grandma.
6.
My
only
computer
didnt
work
suddenly,
so
I
decided
to
have
repaired
later.
78
资源预览图