内容正文:
教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
专题四 代词
命题点 1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
(完形:10 年 3 考;语篇填空第一节:10 年 9 考;语篇填空第二节:2022. 68)
考点精讲
1.
人称代词、物主代词和反身代词一览表
类别
人称
人称代词 物主代词
主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性
反身代词
第一
人称
单数 I me my mine myself
复数 we us our ours ourselves
第二
人称
单数 you you your yours yourself
复数 you you your yours yourselves
第三
人称
单数
he him his his himself
she her her hers herself
it it its its itself
复数 they them their theirs themselves
2.
人称代词的用法
类别 用法 例句
主格
作主语,用在动词 / 系
动词 / 情态动词之前。
They
all
like
sports.
宾格
作宾语,用在动词 / 介
词之后。
My
mother
will
take
me
to
the
park.
Lets
go
and
look
for
him.
作表语, 用在系动词
之后。
The
boy
in
the
picture
is
me.
3.
物主代词的用法
类别 用法 示例
形容词
性物主
代词
作定语, 用 在 名 词
之前。
This
is
my
pet
cat.
固定搭配中(特例)。
try / do
ones
best
名词性
物主代
词
作主语,用在动词 / 系
动词之前。
Thats
her
eraser.
Mine
is
on
the
desk.
作宾语,用在动词 / 介
词之后。
I
left
my
dictionary
at
home.
Can
you
lend
yours
to
me?
作表语,用在系动词
之后。
This
pencil
is
his.
名词性物主代词相当于形容词性物主代词+
名词, 后不能接名词。 物主代词不能和 this,
that,
some,
a,
an,
the 等词连用。
4.
反身代词的用法
用法 例句
作宾语,用在动词 /
介词之后。
The
little
girl
cant
dress
herself.
Charles
said
to
himself,
“ I
must
work
hard. ”
作表语, 用在系动
词之后。
The
man
in
the
story
was
myself.
作同位语, 用在名
词 / 代 词 之 后 或
句末。
The
boy / He
himself
finished
the
task. = The
boy / He
finished
the
task
himself.
拓展
反身代词的相关短语
动词
之后
help
oneself
(to)自用(食物等)
dress
oneself 自己穿衣服
enjoy
oneself 玩得开心;过得愉快
hurt
oneself 伤到自己
teach
oneself 自学
make
oneself
at
home 无拘束;别客气
behave
oneself 使举止规矩
make
oneself
understood 让他人听懂自己的话
prove
oneself 证明自己
devote
oneself
(to)
献身于
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ïï
介词
之后
by
oneself 单独;独自
come
to
oneself 苏醒
for
oneself 为自己;亲自
look
after / take
care
of
oneself 照顾自己
keep
sth.
to
oneself 保密
learn
by
oneself
自学
lose
oneself
in 沉迷于;专心致志于
say
to
oneself 自言自语
smile
to
oneself 暗笑
ì
î
í
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
ï
38
教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版)
语
法
专
题
精
讲
练
考点精练
一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子
I we he you she it they
1.
Your
name
is
next
to
on
the
list. We
both
won
the
prize.
2.
Mary
and
Mike
have
the
same
reading
habit.
go
to
the
Reading
Corner
twice
a
week.
3.
I
bought
some
DIY
materials
for
my
sister
yesterday.
She
likes
creating
things
by
.
4.
Mikes
favorite
subject
is
history.
It
makes
know
a
lot
about
the
past.
5.
My
brother
and
I
like
soccer
very
much.
Its
favorite
sport.
6.
I
dont
think
you
can
make
own
decision.
Youd
better
discuss
it
with
your
parents.
7.
Kunming
is
known
as
the
Spring
City
because
of
warm
weather
all
year
round.
二、用适当的代词完成语篇
Einstein
is
one
of
the
greatest
scientists
in
history.
Although
he
was
strict
in
his
research,
he
didnt
pay
much
attention
to
1.
daily
life
and
he
was
rather
friendly
to
others
as
well.
Here
is
a
story
to
prove
it.
One
afternoon,
Einstein
was
walking
home
from
work.
A
12-year-old
girl
was
also
walking
home
from
school.
2.
were
soon
walking
side
by
side.
The
girl
looked
at
3.
curiously(好奇地)
from
time
to
time.
“Pardon
me,”
the
girl
said,
“but
4.
look
just
like
Albert
Einstein. ”
“ Thats
because
I
am
Albert
Einstein!”
Einstein
said.
“ I
dont
believe
you,”
the
girl
said.
“ Everyone
knows
that
Einstein
is
a
talent.
But
youre
wearing
5.
sweater
backwards(倒
着),
so
you
cant
be
very
clever. ”
Einstein
began
to
laugh.
“Youre
the
first
person
to
be
so
honest
with
me,”
he
said
to
the
girl.
“Its
a
pleasure
to
hear
the
truth
about
6.
. ”
After
that
day,
the
girl
often
visited
Einstein.
One
afternoon,
7.
mother
asked
Einstein
why
he
spent
so
much
time
with
her
daughter.
“ 8.
friendship
is
easy
to
explain,”
Einstein
said.
“Your
daughter
tells
me
the
true
look
of
9.
and
brings
me
cookies.
In
return,
I
help
her
with
her
maths
homework. ”
命题点 2 不定代词
(完形:2019. 38,2015. 39;语篇填空第一节:2020. 65)
考点精讲
考向 1
普通不定代词(2020. 65)
初中常见的普通不定代词辨析如下:
1.
some 与 any
相同点
表示“一些”,即不确定的数量,均可指代
或修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词。
不同点
some 一般用于肯定句中,也可用于表示建
议或请求的疑问句中,表示说话者希望得
到对方肯定的回答。
any 多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中。
用于肯定句时表示“三个或三个以上的人
或物中的任何(一个 / 一些)”。
2.
many 与 much
相同点
都意为“很多”,可单独使用,也可跟 of 短
语,也可与表示程度的副词 so 或 too 连用。
不同点
many 指代或修饰可数名词复数。
much 指代或修饰不可数名词。
3.
a
little,
little,
a
few与 few
肯定含义 否定含义 所跟名词
a
little 一点儿
little
几乎没有
不可数名词
a
few 一些;几个
few
几乎没有
可数名词
复数
48
参考答案·河南英语(课标版)
教
材
精
讲
练
专题二 名词
命题点 1 名词的数
【考点精讲】
可数名词单数变复数的规则变化
①ways;years ②boxes;brushes ③parties;stories
④keys;holidays ⑤leaves;knives ⑥tomatoes;heroes;
potatoes;photos;pianos
3.
i;-es 5.
v;-es 6.
-es;-s
可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化
a→e 型:
men;women; firemen;postmen;gentlemen;
policemen;policewomen
oo→ee 型:
feet;teeth
“某国人”或“某洲人”变化口诀:
①Chinese;Japanese
②Englishmen;Frenchmen ③Africans;Americans;Asians;
Australians; Canadians; Europeans; Germans; Indians; Ital-
ians;Russians
单复数同形:
deer;sheep
合成词:
将主体词变为复数:passers-by;toothbrushes
其他:
mice;children
【考点精练】
一、1.
information 2.
teeth 3.
pleasure 4.
countries
5.
spirit 6.
decision 7.
hobbies
二、1.
situation 2.
dancer 3.
hours 4.
body
5.
progress 6.
chance 7.
ears 8.
efforts
命题点 2 名词所有格
1.
singers 2.
kids 3.
Teachers 4.
waiters
5.
farmers 6.
doctors 7.
winners 8.
strangers
专题三 形容词和副词
命题点 形容词和副词的比较等级
【考点精讲】
比较等级的变化规则———规则变化
①deeper;deepest ②longer;longest ③nicer;nicest
④larger;largest ⑤bigger;biggest ⑥hotter;hottest
⑦happier;happiest ⑧healthier;healthiest ⑨more
impor-
tant;the
most
important ⑩more
careful;the
most
careful
比较等级的变化规则———不规则变化
①better;best ②worse;worst ③more;most ④less;least
⑤farther / further;farthest / furthest ⑥older / elder;oldest /
eldest
【考点精练】
一、1.
cleaner 2.
better 3.
fastest 4.
wiser 5.
cold
6.
higher 7.
cheapest 8.
harder 9.
crowded
10.
politely 11.
longest 12.
more 13.
clearly
14.
youngest 15.
colorful 16.
happiest 17.
earlier
18.
quickly
二、1.
heavily
2.
better 3.
warmest 4.
friendlier
5.
harder
6.
highest 7.
more
expensive 8.
more
difficult 9.
early 10.
lucky 11.
worse 12.
colder
13.
best 14.
harder
专题四 代词
命题点 1 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词
一、1.
mine 2.
They 3.
herself 4.
him 5.
our
6.
your 7.
its
二、1.
his 2.
They 3.
him 4.
you 5.
your 6.
myself
7.
her 8.
Our 9.
mine
命题点 2 不定代词
一、1.
others 2.
either 3.
few 4.
any 5.
much
6.
none 7.
another 8.
the
other
二、1.
B 2.
D 3.
A 4.
C 5.
C 6.
B 7.
A
8.
B
9.
A 10.
C
命题点 3 指示代词
1.
This 2.
That 3.
those 4.
These 5.
one 6.
it
专题五 数词
1.
third 2.
fifth 3.
ninth 4.
second 5.
thirties
6.
Hundreds 7.
thousand 8.
twice 9.
fourths
专题六 介词
一、1.
on 2.
through 3.
near 4.
among 5.
like
6.
in 7.
against 8.
for
二、1.
from 2.
Inside 3.
on 4.
after 5.
about
6.
with 7.
at 8.
for
三、1.
without 2.
to / into 3.
by 4.
of 5.
with
专题七 冠词
一、1.
a 2.
the 3.
the 4.
a 5.
an 6.
a 7.
the
8.
an
二、1.
the 2.
a 3.
the 4.
an 5.
an 6.
the 7.
a
专题八 简单句
命题点 1 疑问句
一、1.
Neither 2.
How
soon 3.
Is 4.
Whose 5.
or
6.
When
二、1.
What 2.
Was 3.
Have 4.
How 5.
how
long
6.
How
many 7.
Who 8.
How
often
命题点 2 祈使句
1.
forget 2.
leave 3.
Remember 4.
find 5.
and
6.
Ask
命题点 3 感叹句
1.
How 2.
What
a 3.
How 4.
What 5.
How
6.
What
an 7.
how 8.
What
命题点 4 There
be句型
1.
are 2.
is 3.
There 4.
is
going
to
be / will
be
5.
were 6.
was;is 7.
Is
there 8.
No,
there
arent
命题点 5 倒装句
1.
Neither 2.
will 3.
So 4.
did 5.
was
6.
Here / There
专题九 并列复合句
一、1.
so 2.
but 3.
and 4.
or 5.
Both;and
6.
either;or 7.
neither;nor
二、1.
and 2.
nor 3.
so 4.
or 5.
but
专题十 主从复合句
命题点 1 宾语从句
一、1.
what 2.
whether 3.
turns 4.
why 5.
where
6.
when 7.
felt
二、1.
how 2.
whether 3.
why 4.
that 5.
what
命题点 2 定语从句
一、1.
which / that 2.
where 3.
when 4.
that
5.
who / that 6.
whose 7.
why
二、1.
when 2.
whose 3.
who 4.
which 5.
where
命题点 3 状语从句
一、1.
before 2.
since 3.
though 4.
keep 5.
unless
6.
As
long
as 7.
so
that 8.
If 9.
until
10.
because 11.
came 12.
Although
二、1.
Although 2.
After 3.
until 4.
Since 5.
because
6.
if 7.
whether
71