第二部分 专题二 知识必备 名词的位置及其常见的句法功能&命题点1 名词的数-【一战成名新中考】2025河南中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练

2025-01-23
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参考答案·河南英语(课标版) 教 材 精 讲 练 专题二  名词 命题点 1  名词的数 【考点精讲】 可数名词单数变复数的规则变化 ①ways;years  ②boxes;brushes  ③parties;stories ④keys;holidays  ⑤leaves;knives  ⑥tomatoes;heroes; potatoes;photos;pianos 3. i;-es  5. v;-es  6. -es;-s  可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化 a→e 型: men;women; firemen;postmen;gentlemen; policemen;policewomen oo→ee 型: feet;teeth “某国人”或“某洲人”变化口诀: ①Chinese;Japanese ②Englishmen;Frenchmen  ③Africans;Americans;Asians; Australians; Canadians; Europeans; Germans; Indians; Ital- ians;Russians 单复数同形: deer;sheep  合成词: 将主体词变为复数:passers-by;toothbrushes  其他: mice;children 【考点精练】 一、1. information  2. teeth  3. pleasure  4. countries  5. spirit  6. decision  7. hobbies 二、1. situation  2. dancer  3. hours  4. body 5. progress  6. chance  7. ears  8. efforts 命题点 2  名词所有格 1. singer􀆳s  2. kids􀆳  3. Teachers􀆳  4. waiter􀆳s 5. farmers􀆳  6. doctor􀆳s  7. winner􀆳s  8. strangers􀆳 专题三  形容词和副词 命题点  形容词和副词的比较等级 【考点精讲】 比较等级的变化规则———规则变化 ①deeper;deepest  ②longer;longest  ③nicer;nicest ④larger;largest  ⑤bigger;biggest  ⑥hotter;hottest ⑦happier;happiest  ⑧healthier;healthiest  ⑨more impor- tant;the most important  ⑩more careful;the most careful  比较等级的变化规则———不规则变化 ①better;best  ②worse;worst  ③more;most  ④less;least ⑤farther / further;farthest / furthest  ⑥older / elder;oldest / eldest 【考点精练】 一、1. cleaner  2. better  3. fastest  4. wiser  5. cold  6. higher  7. cheapest  8. harder  9. crowded 10. politely  11. longest  12. more  13. clearly 14. youngest  15. colorful  16. happiest  17. earlier 18. quickly 二、1. heavily   2. better  3. warmest  4. friendlier 5. harder   6. highest   7. more expensive   8. more difficult  9. early  10. lucky  11. worse  12. colder 13. best  14. harder 专题四  代词 命题点 1  人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 一、1. mine  2. They  3. herself  4. him  5. our 6. your  7. its 二、1. his  2. They  3. him  4. you  5. your  6. myself 7. her  8. Our  9. mine 命题点 2  不定代词 一、1. others  2. either  3. few  4. any  5. much 6. none  7. another  8. the other 二、1. B  2. D  3. A  4. C  5. C  6. B  7. A   8. B 9. A  10. C 命题点 3  指示代词 1. This  2. That  3. those  4. These  5. one  6. it  专题五  数词 1. third  2. fifth  3. ninth  4. second  5. thirties 6. Hundreds  7. thousand  8. twice  9. fourths 专题六  介词 一、1. on  2. through  3. near  4. among  5. like 6. in  7. against  8. for 二、1. from  2. Inside  3. on  4. after  5. about 6. with  7. at  8. for 三、1. without  2. to / into  3. by  4. of  5. with 专题七  冠词 一、1. a  2. the  3. the  4. a  5. an  6. a  7. the 8. an 二、1. the  2. a  3. the  4. an  5. an  6. the  7. a 专题八  简单句 命题点 1  疑问句 一、1. Neither  2. How soon  3. Is  4. Whose  5. or  6. When 二、1. What  2. Was  3. Have  4. How  5. how long  6. How many  7. Who  8. How often 命题点 2  祈使句 1. forget  2. leave  3. Remember  4. find  5. and 6. Ask  命题点 3  感叹句 1. How  2. What a  3. How  4. What  5. How 6. What an  7. how  8. What  命题点 4  There be􀆺句型 1. are  2. is  3. There  4. is going to be / will be 5. were  6. was;is  7. Is there  8. No, there aren􀆳t  命题点 5  倒装句 1. Neither  2. will  3. So  4. did  5. was 6. Here / There 专题九  并列复合句 一、1. so  2. but  3. and  4. or  5. Both;and 6. either;or  7. neither;nor 二、1. and  2. nor  3. so  4. or  5. but 专题十  主从复合句 命题点 1  宾语从句 一、1. what  2. whether  3. turns  4. why  5. where  6. when  7. felt 二、1. how  2. whether  3. why  4. that  5. what 命题点 2  定语从句 一、1. which / that  2. where  3. when  4. that 5. who / that  6. whose  7. why 二、1. when  2. whose  3. who  4. which  5. where 命题点 3  状语从句 一、1. before  2. since  3. though  4. keep  5. unless  6. As long as  7. so that  8. If  9. until 10. because  11. came  12. Although 二、1. Although  2. After  3. until  4. Since  5. because 6. if  7. whether  􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 71 教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版) 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 took part in many TV programs and performed the Drunken Beauty(《贵妃醉酒》) during a show on CCTV. The magic of Peking Opera is endless. I hope that more young people will enjoy 6.         Peking Opera in the future. Passage 2 write  watch  remember  tell lead  achieve  become  win     As a teenager, you may have many dreams. These dreams can be very big, like 7.         the Nobel Prize, or they can be small. Maybe you just want to 8.         one of the best students in your class. Once you have a dream, what do you do with it? Follow Your Heart 9.         by Australian writer Andrew Mathews tells us that following our dreams is the greatest challenge in life. You may think you are not very good at some school subjects or that it is impossible for you to become a writer. These kinds of thoughts stop you from 10.         your dream, the book says. In fact, everyone can make his dream come true. The first thing you must do is to 11.         what your dream is. Don􀆳t let it leave your heart. Keep 12.         yourself what you want. Do this step by step, and you will realize your dream faster because a big dream is made up of many small dreams. You must also never give up your dream. There will be many difficulties on the road 13.         to your dream. But the biggest difficulty comes from yourself. It􀆳s important to know what is truly important to you. If you choose to study instead of 14.         TV, you may get better grades. As you get much closer to your dream, you are more likely to achieve it. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 专题二  名词 知识必备  名词的位置及其常见的句法功能 句法功能 位置 例句 作主语 句首 English is my favorite subject. 作宾语 介词或动词后 He usually goes to school by bike. She bought a new dress. 作表语 系动词后 He is a great inventor. 作定语 名词前 We are discussing the population problem. 作同位语 名词(短语)或代词后 Mr. Wang, our English teacher, is very knowledgeable. 作宾补 名词(短语)或代词后 She found him a very good pupil. 47 教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版) 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 命题点 1  名词的数 (语篇填空第一节:10 年 18 考) 考点精讲 名词按其所表示的事物的性质可分为可数名词与不可数名词。 1. 判定方法 (1)判定所选名词是可数名词还是不可数名词 可数名词 不可数名词 ①可数名词有单数和复数两种形式,如: a desk, two desks; ②可数名词前面可以被冠词、基数词、序数词、指示代 词、many 等词直接修饰,如:an egg, three girls, these singers; ③只修饰可数名词的修饰语 a / an 一个            this 这个 that 那个 these 这些 those 那些 every / each 每个 another 另一个 many 许多 few 几乎没有 a few 一些;几个 several 一些;几个 any other 其他任何一个 a couple of 两个;几个 a pair of 一双 many a 很多 quite a few 很多 a (great / large) number of 很多 ①不可数名词没有复数形式,如:beef, ice, peace; ②不可数名词不可以被不定冠词(a / an)、基数词、序数词、 指示代词、many 等词直接修饰; ③表示不可数名词的具体数量时,其结构为:数词 / 不定 冠词+表示计量的词+ of +不可数名词,如:a glass of water, a piece of cake, two cups of coffee; 表示不可数名词的大概数量时,可在不可数名词前加 表示大概数量的限定词,如:some water 一些水, much time 很多时间; ④只修饰不可数名词的修饰语 little 很少;几乎没有    a little 有一点儿 much 很多 a bit of 有一点儿 a good / great deal of 很多 a large amount of 大量的 既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的修饰语 some / any 一些            a lot of 很多            lots of 很多              plenty of 充足的 enough 足够的 most 大多数的 hardly any 几乎没有 the rest of 剩下的 有些名词既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词, 但含义不同,常见的有: 名词 可数 不可数 名词 可数 不可数 chicken 小鸡 鸡肉 orange 橙子 橙汁 experience 经历 经验 paper 试卷;论文 纸 exercise 练习题 锻炼 radio 收音机 无线电 glass 玻璃杯 玻璃 room 房间 空间 iron 熨斗 铁 time 次数;倍数 时间 life 生命 生活 wood 树林 木头;木材 light 电灯 光;光线 work 作品 工作 (2)判定可数名词用单数形式还是复数形式 ▶填单数形式的判定方法 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 57 教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版) 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 ▶填复数形式的判定方法 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂          拓展 初中常见的集合名词有两类: 1. 形式为单数,但意义可分为单数和复数。 如: family, team, group, class 等。 当它们作主语 时,若强调整体,谓语用单数;若强调集体中的 成员,谓语用复数。 如: His family is large. / His family are waiting for him. 2. 形式为单数,但意义永远为复数。 如:people, police, 可与 the 连用,谓语动词用复数。 如: The police are asking him something about the event. 2. 变形方法———记背版见《晨读词句篇》P103 (1)可数名词单数变复数的规则变化 例词 规则 ①way→        year→        1. 一般情况在名词后加-s ② box→        brush→        特例:stomach→stomachs 2. 以字母 s,x,sh,ch 结尾 的词加-es ③party→        story→        3. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的 词先变 y 为         , 再加        ④key→        holiday→        4. 以元音字母加 y 结尾的 词加-s 续表 例词 规则 ⑤leaf→        knife→        特例:roof→roofs belief→beliefs 5. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的词变 f 或 fe 为        ,再加         ⑥tomato→        hero→        potato→        photo→        piano→        6. 以 o 结尾有生命的词加         ,无生命的词加         (2)可数名词单数变复数的不规则变化 构成方法 示例 a→e 型 man→        woman→        fireman→        postman→        gentleman→        policeman→        policewoman→        特例:human→humans oo→ee 型 foot→              tooth→        特例:boot→boots “某国人” 或“某洲 人”变化 口诀 ①中日永不变 Chinese→        Japanese→        ②英法 a 变 e Englishman→        Frenchman→        ③其余 s 加后面 African→        American→        Asian→        Australian→        Canadian→        European→        German→        Indian→        Italian→        Russian→        单复数同形 deer→            sheep→        合成词: 将主体词 变为复数 passer-by→        toothbrush→        其他 mouse→            child→        ▶更多名词的数的变化———见《词汇分层练》P135 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 67 教材精讲练·河南英语(课标版) 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 考点精练 一、用方框中所给单词的适当形式完成句子 spirit  tooth  country  decision pleasure  information  hobby 1. Our teacher asked us to look for some         about the earthquake on the Internet. 2. We should develop a good habit of brushing         at least twice a day. 3. She is always ready to help others. Helping others can bring her great         . 4. Traditional Chinese Medicine is becoming popular in different         around the world. 5. No matter how times change, the         of Lei Feng will exist(存在) forever. 6. The government will discuss these problems and make a         as soon as possible. 7. Writing is one of my         and I􀆳ve kept writing for over ten years. 二、语篇填空第一节———方框选词 chance  situation  body  effort hour  progress  ear  dancer     Never give up! This is my guiding principle (准则) in life. Some people say their hobbies are “in their blood”. Others say hobbies come naturally to them. But for me, my 1.         is completely different from theirs. Though I love to dance very much, I􀆳ve never been a talented 2.         . When I started taking dancing lessons as a kid, I had to practice for several 3.         just to do the same moves which the other kids could learn easily. I often felt sad. It seemed that I could not make my 4.         follow my mind. After a few years, I felt bored, so I thought it might be time to give up. I was down those days until my coach called me out one day. To my surprise, I was praised by him for my hard work and great 5.         . He also told me that I got a 6.         for a solo dance(独舞) at our next public show! I couldn􀆳t believe my 7.         at that moment. I realized how far I had come. My life has changed since then. I feel I􀆳m doing better and better in dance. More importantly, I􀆳m becoming much stronger and more confident. Whenever you want to give up, just remember to try your best. All the 8.         you made in the past will never be wasted, but will turn out to be a huge step towards success. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 命题点 2  名词所有格 (语篇填空第一节:2019. 73,2017. 74) 考点精讲     名词所有格表示名词之间的所属关系。 有 三种形式:􀆳s 所有格、of 所有格和双重所有格。 1. 􀆳s 所有格 类别 构成方法 示例 单数名词 加 􀆳s the boy􀆳s book a day􀆳s work China􀆳s capital 复数 名词 以-s 结尾 加 􀆳 your grandparents􀆳 room the girls􀆳 mom 不以-s 结尾 加 􀆳s Children􀆳s Day 续表 类别 构成方法 示例 表示几个人 共同拥有 在最后一 个名词后 加 􀆳s Lucy and Lily􀆳s father The bedroom is tidy and nice. It􀆳s Lucy and Lily􀆳s. 表示每个 人各自拥有 在每个名 词后加 􀆳s Jenny􀆳s and Sara􀆳s teachers Tom􀆳s and Bob􀆳s fathers are firefighters. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 77

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第二部分 专题二 知识必备 名词的位置及其常见的句法功能&命题点1 名词的数-【一战成名新中考】2025河南中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练
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第二部分 专题二 知识必备 名词的位置及其常见的句法功能&命题点1 名词的数-【一战成名新中考】2025河南中考英语(课标版)·一轮复习·教材精讲练
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