专题二 动词-【众相原创·赋能中考】2025年中考英语课堂精讲册(陕西专用)

2025-02-14
| 2份
| 26页
| 43人阅读
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教辅
众相原创文化传播(陕西)有限公司
进店逛逛

内容正文:

  众相原创 赋能中考 14.trees 15.dangerous 16.articles 17.activities  18.fun 19.artists 20.years 21.traditional 22.chance 23.wonderful 24.paintings 25.skils  26.price 专项提升2 名词短语填空———针对完成句子 1.private/personalinformation 2.redcup/glass 3.Englishclub 4.airpolution 5.traditionalculture 6.excitingnews 7.theGreatWal 8.Greatchanges 9.goodluck 10.warmclothes 专题二 动 词 考点1 动词、动词短语辨析 1.B 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.D 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.C 10.D 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.A  16.C 17.A 18.D 19.A 20.A 21.B 考点2 情态动词 1.B 2.D 3.could 4.C 5.B 6.A 7.C 8.A 9.cant 10.must 11.may 12.could 13.couldnt  14.mustnt 考点3 动词的时态 1.D 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.played 8.is 9.got 10.waiting 11.joined 12.practicing 13.developed 14.led 15.making 16.won 17.realized 18.gets 19.do 20.accepted 21.are  22.suggested 23.raining 24.beat 25.leaving 26.C 27.A 28.D 29.B 30.A 31.A 32.C 33.D  34.been 35.watched 36.decided 37.loves 38.making 39.ofered 40.said 41.wants 考点4 动词的语态 1.C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.D 6.C 7.invented 8.taken 9.sold 10.held 11.asked 12.wasted  13.recording 14.sent 15.repaired 16.found 17.clean 18.created 19.feel 20.B 21.C 22.D 23.known 24.caled 25.renamed 26.made  27.seen 考点5 非谓语动词 1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.drinkwater  8.todohousework 9.send 10.use 11.live 12.swimming 13.go 14.tosleep 15.tofinishtheir homework 16.makingshortvideos 17.givingus 18.wastingfood 19.tobehave 20.toread 21.Tosave 22.colect 23.dealing 24.come 25.eating 26.Picking 27.keep 28.changing 29.protect 考点6 主谓一致 1.C 2.D 3.is 4.are 5.is 6.is 7.is 8.play 9.kisses 10.is 11.are 12.live 13.is 14.comes 15.is 16.like 专项提升1 用动词的适当形式 填空———针对短文填空 1.development 2.ofer 3.met 4.seems 5.won 6.has 7.stopped 8.leader 9.found 10.looking  11.remember 12.created 13.asked 14.teaching 15.show 16.has 17.felt 18.making 19.brought  20.read 21.decided 22.find 23.took 24.known  25.holds 26.graduated 27.trying 专项提升2 动词短语填空 ———针对完成句子 1.be/feel/getafraid/scared 2.takethebus 3.easily findtheplace 4.warmlywelcomed 5.runsaway 6.turnof 7.dependon/upon 8.grow/plantvegetables 9.savetime 10.sounds(too)noisy/loud 11.feelrelax ed 12.developingquickly/rapidly 13.eathealthily 14.Lookat 15.havepicnics 16.madeof 17.take somephotos/pictures 18.getlost/loseourway 19.wide lyused 20.pickitup 专题三 形容词和副词 考点1 形容词、副词词义辨析 1.A 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.B 6.B 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.C 12.D 13.B 14.A 15.B  16.C 17.D 18.C 19.B 20.C 21.B 22.A  23.B 考点2 形容词和副词的比较等级 1.C 2.B 3.A 4.(geting/becoming/turning)green erandgreener 5.cheaper 6.most 7.hardest/hard 8.beter 9.thelongest 10.thefresher 11.cheaperand cheaper 12.thefastest 13.studies/worksharder 14.notas/so 15.D 16.B 17.B 18.B 19.A 20.C 21.more 22.simpler 23.later 24.luckiest  25.greatest 专项提升1 用形容词、副词的适当形式 填空———针对短文填空 1.rapidly 2.high 3.easily 4.unlucky 5.widely 6.dificult 7.slowly 8.popular 9.cheaper 10.most 11.beter 12.usualy 13.important 14.biggest 15.beter 16.warm 17.usualy 18.smaler 19.impossible 20.rapidly 21.dificult 专项提升2 形容词(短语)填空 ———针对完成句子 1.daily 2.(geting/becoming)interestedin 3.befriendly 4.excitedabout 5.famousfor/welknown for/knownfor 6.warmerandwarmer 7.unexpected 8.strictwith/hardon 9.necessary 10.harmful 11.be thankful/gratefulto 12.strongerandstronger 专题四 代 词 考点1 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词 1.C 2.C 3.C 4.yourself 5.himself 6.ourselves 7.your 8.me 9.Hers 10.himself 11.his 12.us 13.them 14.myself 15.you 考点2 不定代词 1.B 2.A 3.A 4.B 5.D 6.A 考点3 指示代词 1.those 2.these 3.it 4.that 5.one 6.This 专题五 介 词 考点1 介词的基本用法 1.in 2.as 3.by 4.along 5.without 6.After 7.like 8.on 考点2 介词的固定搭配及介词短语 1.D 2.A 3.A 4.onthephone 5.(al)byyourself/ yourself 6.After(eating/having)dinner/supper 7.in public 8.indanger 9.near/bythewindow 10.behind me 11.on/atweekends 12.A 13.B 14.D 15.C 16.B 17.A 专题六 冠 词 1.A 2.A 3.A 4.C 5.C 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.C 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.C 14.A 15.C                                                                      6 书   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) 专题二 动 词 考点 1 动词、动词短语辨析 (完形第二节:每年2~5道) !"#$%& 011   第二部分 语法知识精讲练   中考解读:陕西近6年动词及动词短语辨析均在完形填空第二节中考查。动词词义辨析有两种 考查形式:①实义动词词义辨析(每年2~4道);②近义动词词义辨析(2018.39)。动词短语辨析有两 种考查形式:①同一动词型(2021.31);②混合型(6年3考)。 解题技巧:解答动词及动词短语辨析类试题时,首先要明确各选项的含义,然后分析语境,找出 关键词或前后的逻辑关系,从而确定正确答案。熟记动词及动词短语的含义是正确解答此类试题的 关键。动词短语与搭配见《教材知识记背册》P93。 考点测验 1.(2024陕西31题节选)TheTurtlewasnotsatisfied withhislife.Hewantedsomuchto     beingaturtle.                 A.continue B.stop C.try D.enjoy 2.(2024陕西33题节选)“Iwanttobeabletoflyin theairlikeaneagle.”HespoketotheEagle aboutit.“Yourenotbuiltfor    ,”the EagletoldtheTurtle.“Youdonthaveany wings.” A.swimming B.running C.flying D.climbing 3.(2023陕西 33题节选)Withgreatpatience,she showedandtaughtyouthattherewasawordto describeeveryobjectandidea.BecauseofMs. Sulivan,yourenowableto     andwrite bytouch. A.dance B.read C.play D.watch 4.(2022陕西 35题节选)Whentheyfinished breakfast,bothofthemwentouttothetreein theirgardenandbegantomeasure(测量). Thentheygotsomeboardsandstartedto      themwithasaw(锯子). A.wash B.cut C.sel D.paint 5.(2024陕西 34题节选)“Dont     that,” answeredtheTurtle.“Ivewatchedhowthe birdsdoitforalongtime.Ivewatchedcarefuly howtheyflyanddothingsintheair.IthinkI realygotit.” A.lookafter B.hearabout C.preparefor D.woryabout 6.(2021陕西 31题节选)Remysmothergotsick beforehewasborn.Shecouldnot     Remy.Soheneededafostermothertotakecare ofhim. A.lookafter B.lookat C.lookfor D.looklike 7.(2020陕西 31题节选)Myfathertoldmethat thereusedtobeaforestnearourtown.Butthe farmerwhoownedtheforest     trees everyyearuntiloneyear,therewerenotrees left. A.cutup B.cutdown C.lookedfor D.lookedafter 完形填空 Cloze1(2024海南改编) ThisisastoryofJoeandFonzie.Joewasa boyandFonziewasadolphin(海豚).Joewas threeyearsoldwhenthestory 8 . WhenJoewasborn,hehadaproblemwithhis heartanddoctorshadtooperate(做手术)onhim. Whenhewasthree,hehadasecond heart operation.Thisoperationdidntgowel.Asa result,hecouldntmovethebacksideofhisbody. Thedoctorsthoughtthathecouldntgetbeter.But Joesmotherdidnt 9 .Shetookhimtodiferent placestoseedoctors.However,itwasntvery successful. Joelikedtostayinwaterandhismumthought swimmingcouldhelphim.Onedaytheywenttoa                                                              111   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) placecaledDolphinPlus,wherepeople 10  withdolphins.JoemetFonziethereandthestory realybegan. JoewenttoseeFonzieeveryday.Heloved  11  Fonzieandfeedingit.Joesmothertoldhim alwaystofeedFonzieusinghislefthand.SoJoe  12  hisleftsidemoreandmore.Slowly,hegot beterandbeter.Atthesametime,JoeandFonzie becamegoodfriends. WhenJoesmothersawthatJoesfriendship withFonziehelpedhimalot,sheandherfamily wantedtohelppeoplelikeJoe.Sotheyworkedhard to 13  aplacecaledIslandDolphinCare.Its openingatracted(吸引)andhelpedmanypeople withhealthproblems. Joesaidinaninterview,“Fonziewasagreat friendtome;wesharedalotofgoodtimes.” (D)8.A.kept B.improved C.stopped D.began (C)9.A.giveaway B.giveout C.giveup D.givein (D)10.A.agreed B.walked C.flew D.swam (C)11.A.stayingup B.lookingup C.playingwith D.dealingwith (B)12.A.borowed B.exercised C.brushed D.changed (A)13.A.open B.visit C.find D.touch Cloze2(2024菏泽改编) Yearsago,myfatherandIwereonasummer roadtripfromDalastoAustin.Onourwayback, thebaterymeter(电池电量计)seemedtoact funny,jumpingupthendroppingdown. Westoppedtobuyanewbateryandreplaced (替换)theoldoneintheparkinglot.Andwe  14  ourtrip.Wegotabout20milesoutsidethe citywhenourcardied.Thenwe 15  itwasnot theproblemofthebatery.Wehadto 16  on thesideoftheroad.Myfather 17  thecarand repaireditonhisown,butitstildidntwork. Wewereabouttocalforhelpwhenatruck stoppedinfrontofourcar.Amangotoutand startedwalkingtowardsus.Heaskeduswhatthe problemwas.Myfather 18  thatourcarwas dead.Themansaidhehadatowchain(拖链)and wouldbeabletotowustoDalas,whichwasabout 200milesaway.Weagreedandthankedhim. Thenmyfather 19  inourcar,andIgot onthetruck.LaterIlearnedthestoryofthetruck driver.Aboutayearago,hewastoldbythedoctor thathehadlungcancer(肺癌),andhisdayswere numbered.Insteadofdoingtreatment(治疗),he decidedtoacceptthefactandspendtherestofhis lifedrivingaloverTexas,and 20  peoplewho wereinneed. Icantrememberhisnameanymore,butIl never 21  himhelpingusthatnight. (B)14.A.puton B.wenton C.ranaway D.camefrom (A)15.A.realized B.regreted C.expected D.minded (C)16.A.mark B.lock C.stop D.act (A)17.A.gotof B.turnedon C.sloweddown D.caredabout (D)18.A.noticed B.learned C.argued D.replied (A)19.A.stayed B.lived C.knew D.sang (A)20.A.helping B.choosing C.greeting D.reporting (B)21.A.forgive B.forget C.invite D.introduce                                                                       211   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 考点 2 情态动词 (完形第一节:2023.23;完形第二节:2022.40;短文填空:2019.70) !"#$%& 中考解读:陕西近6年情态动词在完形填空第一节、第二节中考查词义辨析,在短文填空中考查 情态动词变过去式。 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 殏 殏殏 殏 回答情态动词引导的一般疑问句的特殊情况 1.由may或might引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用may/can;否定回答用cant/mustnt。如: —May/MightIreadthisbook? —Yes,youmay/can./No,youcant/mustnt. 2.由must引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must;否定回答常用neednt/donthaveto/doesnthaveto, 而mustnt意为“禁止,不允许”,不能作为否定答语。如: —MustIgotothatparty? —Yes,youmust./No,youneednt/donthaveto. 311   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 殏 殏殏 殏 3.由need引导的一般疑问句,肯定回答用must;否定回答用neednt。如: —NeedIdotheworkatonce? —Yes,youmust./No,youneednt. 4.回答以could引导的一般疑问句时,用can,不用could。如: —CouldIuseyourmobilephone? —Yes,youcan./No,youcant. 考点测验 1.(2023陕西 23题节选)WhenIfirstlostmy hearing,IwassadthatI     neveragain hearmymothersing.                A.can B.could C.haveto D.hadto 2.(2022陕西 40题节选)Earlythatnight,LiuTao askedhisbrotherifhecouldborowasleeping bag.“Sure,”saidthebrother.“But     Igowithyou?”“Ofcourse,youcan.” A.must B.should C.need D.can can must 3.(2019陕西70题节选)AsIwavedgoodbyetothe oldman,I       seehimstanding therewithathankfulsmile. Ⅰ.完形填空 Bengotanamazingcup.Onarealycold morning,Benwashungryandcold.Helookedat thecupandsaid,“Imsocold,andIwishI 4  haveacupofhotchocolate.”Suddenly,thecup wasfulofhotchocolate.Benwasverysurprised. Hedrankithappily. Thenhelookeddownatthecupagainand said,“I 5  likeahundredbookssothatIcan learnabouttheworld,please.” Suddenly,a hundredbooksfelontheground. Whilehewasreadingthebooks,hisbrothers cameback.Bentoldthem whathadhappened. They 6  waittopickupthecupandsaid, “Cup, 7  yougiveusaroomfulofmoney?” Suddenly,therewasmoneyeverywhere.The brothersbegantofightforthecup.Thenthecup feldownandbroke,andalthemoneyandbooks disappeared. Butthecupcouldntmakealthestoriesabout theworlddisappearfromBenshead.Benlearneda lotandbecameawriterlater.Sowealth 8  disappearbutknowledgenever.Itonlyproves(证 明)thattheresnogainwithoutpain. (C)4.A.must B.need C.could D.may (B)5.A.should B.would C.need D.might (A)6.A.couldnt B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt (C)7.A.must B.should C.can  D.need (A)8.A.might B.would C.must D.shal Ⅱ.选词填空基础题 may could mustnt couldnt cant must 9.—Look!IsthatgirlAlice? —No,it       beher.Sheisonatour inBeijingnow. 10.—You       beverytiredafter finishingalofthosehardjobs.                                                            411   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 —Yes.Iltakeagoodrestandmakemyself comfortable. 11.—Rebecca,haveyoudecidedwhattodothis Saturday? —Notyet.I       volunteeratthe oldpeopleshome. 12.MybrotherStevenisasmartboy.He        readwhenhewasfive. 13.Somepeopledontshowtheirtalentsatthevery beginning.EvenEinstein       read untilhewasseven. 14.—Dad,itstoohot.CanIswimaloneinthe river? —No,you            .Itsquite dangerous.               考点 3 动词的时态 (完形第一节:每年1道;短文填空:每年1~3道) !"#$%& 中考解读:陕西近6年动词的时态在完形填空第一节中每年必考1道,在短文填空中考查填动 词原形、动词原形变单三形式、过去式、现在分词、过去分词。 考点讲解 一般现在时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 1.主语+am/is/are+表语 2.主语+动词原形/动词的单三 形式+宾语 1.表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动作,常与频度副词连用。如: Ialwaysgetupearly. 2.表示主语现在的特征或状态等。如: Shehasagoodsenseofhumor. 3.表示客观真理、客观存在或自然现象。如: Theearthmovesaroundthesun. 511   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) 续表 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 标志词 1.频度副词:always,usualy, often, sometimes, seldom, never,hardlyever 2.频度词组:onceayear,twice amonth,threetimesaday等 3.其他词组:onSundays,at/on weekends,every day/year爥 (every系列) 4.主将从现:一个复合句含有由 when,after,before,until,as soonas,once等引导的时间状语从句或由 if,unless,aslong as等引导的条件状语从句,主句若用一般将来时,从句用一 般现在时表将来。如: Ifyougotothatparty,Iwilgoaswel. 5.表示按计划或安排好的将要发生的动作,用一般现在时表将来, 但仅限于 start,begin,leave,go,come,arive等动词。如: Thetrainleavesatfivethisafternoon. 一般过去时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 1.主语+was/were+表语 2.主语+动词的过去式+宾语 标志词 1.一段时间+ago 2.yesterday及yesterday词组 3.last+时间词 4.justnow, in the past, in 1920等 5.attheageof爥,usedto爥 6.oneday,longlongago, onceuponatime 1.表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态。如: Igotupearlythismorning. 2.表示过去常常或反复发生的动作,常与频度副词连用。如: WhenNancywasalitlegirl,sheoftenplayedgameswithher sister. 3.有些句子没有明确表示过去时间的状语,但实际上是过去发 生的,应用一般过去时。如: —Excuseme,sir.Itsanonsmokingarea. —Sory.Ididntseeit. 4.在since引导的时间状语从句中,主句用现在完成时,从句用 一般过去时。如: IthasbeensevenyearssinceIgotthisbike. 一般将来时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 1.主语+wil/shal+动词原形+ 表语/宾语 2.主语+am/is/aregoingto+动 词原形+表语/宾语 1.表示将来某个时间会发生的动作或存在的状态。如: TheywilleaveforShanghainextweek. 2.表示某种必然的趋势。如: Fishwildiewithoutwater. 3.begoingto+动词原形,表示计划、打算做某事,常指已决定 的、很可能发生的事情,或有某种迹象表明要发生的事 情。如: Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparentsthisweekend.(计划) Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.(客观迹象) 611   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 续表 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 标志词 1.tomorow,soon,someday 2.nextweek/month(next系列) 3.inaweek,in2027,in+一段 时间,inthefuture 4.thisFriday,thisweek 4.“beaboutto+动词原形”或“beto+动词原形”结构也可表示即 将发生的动作。如: Thefootbalmatchisabouttobegin. 现在进行时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 主语+am/is/are+动词的现在分 词+宾语 标志词 1.now 2.atthistime,atthe/thismoment, atpresent 3.when,while 4.Look!/Listen! 1.表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。如: Iamwritinganemailtomycousin. 2.表示现阶段一直在进行的动作,此刻不一定在进行,常用时 间状语有:this/these+表示一段时间的名词。如: Jimispreparingforanimportantpaintingcompetitionthesedays. 3.bedoing表示将来,常用于这种结构的动词有:go,come, leave,stay,start,begin,表示即将发生或安排好要做的事 情。如: MyauntisleavingforGuiyangthisafternoon. 过去进行时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 主语+was/were+动词的现在分词+宾语 标志词 1.then 2.atthattime,attenyesterday,atthis timeyesterday 3.when/while引导的表示过去时间的状 语从句 1.表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作。如: IwaswatchingTVatninelastnight. 2.表示过去某段时间内持续进行的动作。如: WewerewatchingTVfromsixtoeightlastnight. 3.表示一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行,常出现在 when,while,as引导的时间状语从句中。如: Everybodywasdancingwhilethemusicwasplaying. 现在完成时 基本结构及时间标志词 常见用法及例句 结构 主语+has/have+动词的过去分词+表 语/宾语 标志词 1.already,ever,never,just,yet,stil 2.recently,sofar 3.inthepast/last3years/爥 4.since1998,since+一段时间+ago, since+时间状语从句 5.for+一段时间 1.表示过去发生的动作或已经完成的动作对现在造成 的影响。如: Hehasturnedofthelight. 2.表示从过去开始持续到现在的动作或状态,也许还 要持续下去,常和for,since连用,动词应用延续性 动词。如: Mr.Whitehasworkedinthisfactorysinceitopened. 711   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) 拓展:实义动词还可以根据动作是否延续分为:①延续性动词;②非延续性动词。 分类 定义 例词 例句 延续性动词 表示可以持续的动作或状态, 可以和表示一段时间的时间状 语连用 live,stay,study,work, keep,teach Ihavestudiedinthisschool forthreeyears. 非延续性动词 表示在短暂时间内可以完成的 动作,不可以和表示一段时间 的时间状语连用 buy,lend,borow,die, begin,stop,arrive Sheboughtanicewatch.   若句中含有表示一段时间的时间状语,谓语动词应用延续性动词;如果动词是非延续性动词, 则要将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词。常见转化见下表: 非延续性动词(词组) 延续性动词(词组) 非延续性动词(词组) 延续性动词(词组) arivein/at/reach/getto bein begin/start beon borrow/lend keep buy have catchacold haveacold comeback beback die bedead fal/becomeasleep/il beasleep/il join bein/beamemberof leave beaway(from) marry bemaried open beopen   如:Iveleftthisschoolforeightyears.() Ivebeenawayfromthisschoolforeightyears.(√) 考点测验 1.(2024陕西 25题节选)Policedogshavean importantroleinfightingcrime(犯罪活动). Eachdog     withonepoliceoficer. A.hasworked B.wasworking C.worked D.works 2.(2023陕西 21题节选)Attheageofeight, somethingteriblehappenedwhileI     playingnearanoilwel. A.is B.are C.were D.was 3.(2022陕西 27题节选)However,inthepastfew years,things     greatly. A.haschanged B.havechanged C.ischanging D.arechanging 4.(2021陕西21题节选)Oneday,whilethewoman      clothesintheriver,shesawagreat big orange on the water moving slowly towardsher. A.washes B.iswashing C.waswashing D.washed 5.(2020陕西26题节选)Hefinalymadeitandtook homeasilvercupforaspecialactingprize.The moviealso        both nationaland internationalprizes. A.wilwin B.win C.wins D.won 6.(2019陕西 21题节选)OneSundayafternoon, afterrunningasusual,John     togo homeandhavearest. A.decided B.hasdecided C.decides D.wildecide                                 811   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 get wait be play 7.(2024陕 西 70题 节 选)Yet,technologyis developingrapidly,andsomeotherwaysof onlinecommunication,such asWeChatin China,have       amoreimportant partthanemail. 8.(2023陕西 61题节选)Natureiswonderful.It        ourbestteacher.Itteachesusa lotandweareborntolearnfromittosolve problems. 9.(2023陕西66题节选)Engineers       acleveridea.Theychangedthefrontofthe trainstomatchtheshapeofthekingfisher. 10.(2019陕西 61题节选)Atthelastcrossing, whileIwas       forthegreenlight, Isawanoldmanwalkingtowardme. Ⅰ.短文填空基础题 make beat do practice win suggest accept be join leave lead realize rain develop get 11.Judy       thevolunteerprogramtwo yearsago. 12.—Helen,Ididntseeyouintheclassroomat fiveyesterdayafternoon. —Oh,Iwas       singingforthe graduationceremonyatthattime. 13.Sofar,Chinesescientistshave       roboticfishthatcanhelpcleanupplastic polutioninthesea. 14.In1519,Magelan       thefirst voyagetosailaroundtheworld. 15.Look!Judyis       asnowmanover there!Letsgoandhavefuntogether! 16.Itookpartinthelongjumpand       firstplaceatthesportsmeeting. 17.Inthelastfewyears,thecityhas       itsgoalsinenvironmentalprotection. 18.Andyisasweetandsmartchild,andheoften        praisefromhisteachers. 19.Thenewsupermarketwil       two surveysonitsgoodsandservicethisweekend. 20.Iwouldliketogototheconcertwithyou tonight,butIhave       Mikes invitationtohisbirthdayparty. 21.Wildanimals       ourfriends.We shouldntkilthemforfoodorclothes. 22.Tom       makingsomesentences withthesenewwordsjustnow. 23.Imafraidwecantgotohaveapicnictoday.It is       veryhardnow. 24.ThebasketbalteamofClassOne        theotherteamslastweek. 25.Althepassengersarewaitingtoboard.The shipis       soon. Ⅱ.完形填空(2024乐山改编) HaveyoueverheardofZhangXurecently? Recently,avideo 26  popularonline.Inthe video,amanatBeijingsSummerPalace(颐和园)  27  informationabouttheparksbuildingswith visitors.Isthemanatourguide?Whatssospecial abouthim?Wel,infact,heisacleaneratthe SummerPalace. “OnedayIsawafewvisitors.They 28  guidebooks,buttheystilcouldntfindtheright way.SoI 29  themsomehelp,”saysZhang Xu,thecleaner.“Inadditionto(除……以外)our dailycleaningwork,wealsoprovidemoreservices likeansweringquestionsandgivingdirections.” ForZhangXu,theSummerPalaceisaspecial place.Asachild,he 30  heretoplay.Whenhe grewup,hebegantoworkhereandbecameapartof it.ZhangstartedworkingattheSummerPalaceinlate 2021.“EverymorningwhenI 31 hereandbegin mywork,IfeellikeIamoneofthestonesinthe garden,”hesays. ZhangisinterestedintheSummerPalace. Andhewantstoknoweverythingaboutit.Inhis freetime,Zhanglikesreadingbooksaboutitand lookingfortheinformationonline.That 32  him                                                                          911   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) anexpertattheSummerPalace.Heoftenshares informationaboutthebuildingswithvisitors.“Im verygladtohelpmorepeopleenjoythebeautyof theplaceandI 33  helpingpeoplelearnabout theSummerPalace,”hesays. (C)26.A.becomes B.became C.hasbecome D.wilbecome (A)27.A.shares B.shared C.wilshare D.hasshared (D)28.A.read B.haveread C.wasreadingD.werereading (B)29.A.ofers B.ofered C.amofering D.wasofering (A)30.A.came B.hascome C.iscoming D.wilcome (A)31.A.arive B.arives C.havearivedD.hasarived (C)32.A.made B.wilmake C.makes D.ismaking (D)33.A.continue B.continued C.wascontinuing D.wilcontinue Ⅲ.选词填空 decide want make be say love watch ofer JakePinnick,31,fromIlinoisofAmerica, hasbeenworkingonlearningChinesemartialarts (武术)onWudangMountainsfor14yearssince 2010.Heisnowacoachofamartialartscenter. Jakehas34.       interestedin Chinesemartialartssincehewasakid.Heonce 35.       avideoaboutpracticingmartial artsbychance.Atthattime,he36.        tocometoChinatolearntraditionalChinese martialarts.Henotonly37.       Chinesemartialartsbutalsohasadeeplovefor traditionalChineseculture. “IloveHubeisomuch.Themartialartsand peoplehereare38.      mefeellikethis ismyhometown.Ipracticemartialartsandgoout forfunwithmyfriends.Theyalways39.        helptomewhenIstayedhere,”Jakesaid. Now,JakecannotonlyplayWudangkungfu, butalsoplayaninstrument,usechopsticksand speakChinese.Thoughtheyweredificultinthe beginning,Jake40.      ,“Wealface dificultthingsinourlives,andwealcontinueto. Theonlywaytofacethesethingsistobewel preparedandmakeagoodplantofolow.” Jakesayshe41.       toopena martialartscenterintheUS,somorepeoplecould learnmoreaboutWudangkungfuandChinese culture.                                                考点 4 动词的语态 (完形第一节:每年1道;短文填空:6年3考) !"#$%& 021   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 中考解读:陕西近6年动词的语态在完形填空第一节中每年必考1道,在短文填空中考查动词 原形变过去分词。 考点讲解 被动语态的结构 被动语态由“助动词 be+及物动词的过去分 词”构成,助动词 be有人称、时态和数的变化。 常见时态(含情态动词)的被动语态构成如下: 时态 被动语态结构 例句 一般现在时 am/is/are+ done Theclassroomiscleaned byuseveryday. 一般过去时 was/were+ done Theclassroomwascleaned byusyesterdayafternoon. 一般将来时 wil/shal/ begoingto+ be+done Theclassroom wil be cleaned by us this afternoon. 含情态动词 情态动词+ be+done Theclassroomshouldbe cleaned by us this afternoon. 主动语态变被动语态的方法 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 殏 殏殏 殏 主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 主动语态中有些感官动词(如 hear,see, watch,notice等)和使役动词(如 make,let等) 后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语,变为被动 语态时,要把不定式符号to还原。如:   hear/seesb.dosth.→sb.beheard/seento dosth.   makesb.dosth.→sb.bemadetodosth. 主动形式表被动意义的情况 主动形式表被动的情况 例句 某些系动词,如 look,sound, taste,smel,feel等,可用主动形 式表示被动意义 TheTshirtfeels comfortable. 表示主语的特征、状态的动词, 如write,read,sel,clean,cook, burn等,与 wel,easily,quickly 等副词连用时,常用主动形式表 示被动意义 Her new novel selswel. 当open,close,shut,lock,move 等用作不及物动词且表示主语 的某种属性而不强调被执行的 动作时,通常用主动形式表示被 动意义,此类动词通常与 cant, wont等连用 The door cant open. 表 示 “发 生 (take place, happen)”“传播(spread)”“爆发 (breakout)”等不及物动词(词 组),常用主动形式表示被动 Thenewsspread quickly. sth.beworthdoing结构中,doing 表示被动意义 Thisbookisworth reading. “need/require+doing”相当于 “need/require+tobedone”,其中 tobedone是不定式的被动结构 Your car needs washing.=Your carneedstobe washed. 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 殏 殏殏 殏 不能使用被动语态的情况 1.不及物动词(短语)没有被动语态,常见的 有happen,takeplace,belongto等; 2.表示状态的动词没有被动语态,常见的有 have,own,fail,cost,fit,last(持续)等; 3.祈使句一般没有被动语态; 4.反身代词在句中作宾语时,不能用被动 语态; 5.当及物动词leave,enter,reach等的宾语是 表示地点和处所的名词时,不能用被动语 态。                                                                     121   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) 考点测验 1.(2024陕西28题节选)Afterthedog    ,it wiluseitssuperpowerfulnosetohelpthe oficerlookforcriminals,searchforstolen thingsandsnif(嗅)outsomethingdangerous andilegal.                A.trains B.trained C.istrained D.wastrained 2.(2023陕西 30题节选)NowIknowyourfeelings andI     byyourbook.Imgoingtowrite toyouinafewdaystotelyoumore. A.amencouraged B.wilbeencouraged C.encourage D.wilencourage 3.(2022陕西28题节选)Newneighborhoods(社区)      lastyearandtheyearbefore. A.build B.arebuilt C.built D.werebuilt 4.(2021陕西29题节选)Withthehelpofhisthree friends, Bobonaro drove the robbers away successfuly.Heandhisfriendsreturnedhome withthevaluablethingsthat     bythe robbers. A.stole B.werestolen C.steal D.arestolen 5.(2020陕西28题节选)Inhiseighties,hewasstil doingthesamejob.Thatwaswhyhe     bythefilmdirector. A.invites B.invited C.isinvited D.wasinvited 6.(2019陕西29题节选)“Thankstoyourhelp,my mother     wel.”“Yourewelcome.She makesmeremembermymomwhodiedyears ago.Ididwhatasonshoulddo,”saidJohn. A.treats B.istreating C.wastreated D.wilbetreated take sel invent 7.(2024陕西 66题节选)Manypeopletodaydont needtousestamps,envelopesorgotothepost oficesincetheInternetwas      . 8.(2020陕西 66题节选)InMay,hehadbadluck becausehehurthimselfbyaccidentwhilehe waspreparingforthisyearsTokyoWorld Championships.Hewas       tothe hospital. 9.(2019陕西68题节选)Shetoldmethattherewas onlyonesweetpotatoleftandshewouldntgo homeuntilalthesweetpotatoeswere        out. Ⅰ.短文填空基础题  find hold waste send feel repair ask clean record create 10.(2024成都改编)Whatexcitingnews!The2025 WorldGameswilbe            in Chengdu. 11.(2024江西改编)Tedpreferedpopmusicwhen hewas       abouthisfavoritemusic intheinterview. 12.Toomuchwateris       everydayin ourlives.Weshouldtakeactiontosavewater. 13.ThismomentofFanZhendonginParisOlympic Gamesissovaluablethatitiswelworth       . 14.Ilikeshoppingonlinebecausewhenmyorder isready,thethingsIwantwilbe        tomesoon. 15.—Badluck!Mywatchdoesntworkwelnow. —Takeiteasy.Itjustneedstobe       . 16.Moremistakescanbe       and corectedifyougooverthepapercarefulyfor asecondtime. 17.Samwasmadeto       theclassroom foraweekbecausehewaslateforschoolten timesthismonth. 18.Itshardtobelievethatthemodelcarwas        bymybrotherlastyear. 19.Comeandsitdownbythefire.Yourhands        cold. Ⅱ.完形填空 Alzheimers(阿尔茨海默病)patientsforget manythingsintheirlives.Itseemsthatnocompany                                                                          221   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 wantstohirethesepatients.However,someof themreceiveaninvitationtoworkinarestaurant. Andtherestaurant 20  ForgetMeNotCafé. Inthisrestaurant,sixofthewaitersand waitresseshaveAlzheimersdisease.Everymorning beforeworkstarts,they 21  abouthowtotake ordersandservethedishes.Andsomevolunteers markthenameofeachdishwithanumber.Inthis way,theorderscan 22  moreeasily. “Wearerespectedbythecustomersinthis restaurant.Theyareveryniceandkindtous,” saidoneofthem.“Ifeelhappyhere,andIm realyproudofworkingasawaitress!” (B)20.A.names B.isnamed C.named D.wasnamed (C)21.A.tel B.wiltel C.aretold D.wilbetold (D)22.A.remember B.remembered C.wilremember D.beremembered Ⅲ.选词填空 make rename know see cal DoyouknowWuxi?WuxiCityinEastChinas JiangsuProvinceis23.       asthe “Homeoftheerhu”,becauseitisthebirthplaceof manyerhumasters.WalkingaroundWuxi,youcan oftenhearthewonderfulsound oftheerhu. Originaly,theerhuwas24.       huqin, amusicalinstrumentinnorthernChina.Itdates morethanathousandyearsbacktotheTang Dynasty(618~907).Inmoderntimes,withthe developmentofChineseoperas,thehuqinwas 25.       theerhuandlateritspreads throughoutChina. TheerhuplaysaleadroleinmanyChinese folkorchestras(乐团),justastheviolindoesin Westernorchestras.Theerhuandtheviolinalso havesimilarparts.Theyareboth26.        up ofabody, a bridge, stringsand a separatebow. Theplayerusualyholdstheerhuontheleg, holdingtheneckwithhislefthandandpressingthe stringswithhisfingers,whiledrawingthebowwith hisrighthand.Asthebowrunsagainstthestrings andvibrates(使 振 动) them,beautifulmusic leapsout. Theerhuisseenasanorientalfolkinstrument. Today,itcanbe27.       playingonthe samestagewithvariousWesterninstruments,such asthepiano,theviolinandtheguitar,inmany internationalconcerts.Thisnotonlyaddsnew possibilitiesformusiccreation,butalsobrings richerenjoymenttotheaudience(观众).Ifyoure interested,youmightfindapieceoferhumusicand listentoitaswel!                                                考点 5 非谓语动词 (完形第一节:每年1道;完成句子:2023.58,2019.58;短文填空:6年5考) !"#$%& 321   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) 中考解读:陕西近6年非谓语动词在完形填空第一节中每年必考1道,均为动词不定式;在完成 句子中考查动词不定式;在短文填空中考查动词不定式和动名词。 考点讲解 动词不定式(6年12考) 1.动词不定式的基本形式 肯定形式:to+动词原形(to有时可省略) 否定形式:notto+动词原形 2.动词不定式的句法功能 句法功能 用法 例句 作主语 常用 it作形式 主语,而将不定 式后置 Tokeeptheclassroom cleanisimportant.= Itisimportanttokeep theclassroomclean. 作宾语 一般只作某些 动词的宾语 Iwanttokeep the classroomclean. 作表语 常位于 be动词 之后 Mypurposeistokeep theclassroomclean. 作宾语 补足语 位于宾语后,补 充说明宾语的 意义、状态等 Ourteacheradvisesus tokeeptheclassroom clean. 作状语 在句中作目的 状语 Icolectrubbishtokeep theclassroomclean. 在句中作原因 状语 Iamhappytokeepthe classroomclean. 在句中作结果 状语 Iam free enough to cleantheclassroom. 作定语 常放在所修饰 词的后面作后 置定语 Iamnotfreenow.I have many things todo. 3.常见的接动词不定式作宾语的动词/词组(v. +todosth.……做某事) aford负担得起 agree同意 choose选择 decide决定 expect期待 forget忘记 续表 hope/wish希望 learn学习 manage设法 plan计划 prefer更喜欢 prepare准备 promise承诺 refuse拒绝 remember记得 try努力 wait等待 want/wouldlike想要 4.常见的接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词 (v.+sb.+todosth.……某人做某事) advise建议 alow允许 ask要求 expect期望 force强迫 invite邀请 order命令 teach教 tel告诉 want想要 warn警告 wish希望 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 殏 殏殏 殏 一些使役动词和感官动词后接动词不定 式作宾语补足语时,应省略不定式结构中的to, 但在变为被动语态时,要还原to(let除外)。此 类动词常见的有: 一感觉:feel 二听:listento,hear 三看:see,watch,notice 三使:let,make,have 5.“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法 (1)疑问词与动词不定式连用可作主语、宾语 或表语。如: Wheretogoforthecomingholidayhasnt beendecided.(作主语) Ihaventdecidedwheretogoforthe comingholiday.(作宾语) Myquestioniswheretogoforthecoming holiday.(作表语) (2)“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语时可以转化 为宾语从句。如:                                                                      421   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 Canyoutelmehowtomakeaplanforthe comingholiday?=CanyoutelmehowIcan makeaplanforthecomingholiday? 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 殏 殏殏 殏 1.动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语, 真正的主语———动词不定式则被后置。 如:Itisdificultformetolearnmathwel. 2.若动词不定式位于句首作主语,谓语动词 用第三人称单数。如:Tolearnmathwelis dificultforme. 动名词(2021.66) 1.动名词的基本形式 肯定形式:动词原形+ing 否定形式:not+动词原形+ing 2.动名词的句法功能 句法功能 用法 例句 作主语 动名词(短语) 作主语,谓语动 词用单数 Teaching English is interesting. 作宾语 作动词的宾语, 表示习惯性或 经常性动作 She likes teaching English. 作介词的宾语 Sheisgoodatteaching English. 作表语 作表语,动名词 (短语)可转换 为作主语 Her job is teaching English in a middle school. = Teaching English in a middle schoolisherjob. 作定语 位于所修饰词 之前,表明其用 途等 She wants to buy a washingmachine. 3.常见的接动名词作宾语的动词/词组(v.+ doingsth.……做某事) avoid避免 consider考虑 enjoy喜欢 finish完成 续表 imagine想象 keep坚持 mind介意 miss错过 practice练习 stop停止 advise/suggest建议 succeedin成功 lookforwardto期待 canthelp情不自禁 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 殏 殏殏 殏 1.若动名词作主语,谓语动词用第三人称单 数。如:Doingmoreexerciseisgoodforyour health. 2.主语和表语都是非谓语动词时,两者在形 式上应保持一致。如:Toseeistobelieve./ Seeingisbelieving. 3.有一些动词后面既可以接动名词,也可以 接动词不定式,但是意思有区别,常见 的有: forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事(已做) forgettodosth.忘记去做某事(未做){ rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事(已做) remembertodosth.记得去做某事(未做){ regretdoingsth.对做过的事感到后悔(已做) regrettodosth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做){ meandoingsth.意味着做某事 meantodosth.打算做某事{ stopdoingsth.停止做某事(正在做) stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事{ trydoingsth.尝试做某事 trytodosth.设法/努力做某事{ 4.若to为动词不定式符号,后接动词原形;若 to为介词,后接名词、代词或动名词。以下 短语中的to为介词: be/get/becomeusedto习惯于 holdonto坚持;抓住 stickto坚持 leadto导致;引起;通向 turnto求助于 lookforwardto盼望;期待 lookupto敬仰;尊敬 payatentionto注意                                                                          521   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) 分词 1.分词的基本形式 现在分词:动词原形+ing,表示动作正在发 生,有主动、进行之意; 过去分词:动词原形+ed,表示动作已经完成, 有被动、完成之意。 2.分词的句法功能 句法功能 用法 示例 作宾语 补足语 现在分词作宾语补足 语,被补充说明的宾语 是它的逻辑主语,与宾 语之间是逻辑上的主 谓关系(即主动关系) I saw someone closingthedoor. 过去分词作宾语补足 语,被补充说明的宾语 是它的逻辑宾语,与宾 语之间是逻辑上的动 宾关系(即被动关系) Isaw the door closed. 作定语 现在分词作定语,被 修饰的词是其逻辑主 语,单个现在分词作 定语时前置,现在分 词短语作定语时后置 asleepingman Thegirlsitingby mysideismylitle sister. 过去分词作定语,被 修饰的词是其逻辑宾 语,单个过去分词作 定语时前置,过去分 词短语作定语时后置 Please hand in your writen exercises. Thecarstolenlast nightwasfound. 3.现在分词与过去分词的区别 (1)在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去 分词表示被动意义。如: Iheardagirlsingingthesonginthenextroom. Iheardthesongsunginthenextroom. (2)在时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动 作,过去分词表示已完成的动作。如: developingcountry发展中国家 developedcountry发达国家 4.过去分词的常见搭配 (1)主 语 +have/getsth.done“使 …… 被……”。如: Iwanttohave/getthesechairsfixed. (2)Itbe+过去分词+that爥 句型: Itissaidthat爥 据说…… Itisreportedthat爥 据报道…… Itishopedthat爥 人们希望…… Itiswelknownthat爥 众所周知…… Itissuggestedthat爥 有人提议…… Itisrequiredthat爥 人们要求…… 考点测验 1.(2024陕西24题节选)Inthecountryside,people keepdogs     doorsoftheirhouses.                A.watch B.towatch C.see D.tosee 2.(2023陕西 24题节选)WhenIfirstlostmy hearing,IwassadthatIcouldneveragainhear mymothersing.ButnowIputmyeartoher chest     thevibrations(震动)ofher voice. A.feel B.tofeel C.hear D.tohear 3.(2022陕西23题节选)Sheloves     people thebeautifulanimalsthatlivethere. A.show B.toshow C.give D.togive 4.(2021陕西22题节选)Excitedly,shecaughtthe orangeanddecided     ithometoeat. A.take B.totake C.throw D.tothrow 5.(2020陕西27题节选)Jingbecameabarberwhen hewasyoung.Helovedthejob,sohepracticed hard     abeterone. A.be B.act C.tobe D.toact 6.(2019陕西28题节选)Ittooktheoldwomansome time     eating.                                                                          621   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 A.tofinish B.finish C.finishes D.finished 7.(2023陕西58题)喝水对我们的身体有好处。 Itsgoodforusto        . 8.(2019陕西58题)我五岁就会做家务了。 Iwasable         attheageof five. live send swim go use 9.(2024陕西62题节选)Ifyouwantto       emails,youneedtocreateanemailaddressfor yourself. 10.(2024陕西 65题节选改编)Manypeopletoday dontneed to            stamps, envelopesorgotothepostoficesincethe Internetwasinvented. 11.(2022陕西 62题节选)Henotonlyworkshard buthashelpedmanydeafpeople        abeterlifeaswel. 12.(2021陕西 66题节选)Together,theytrytheir besttodothehardtaskintheirlife—inthe running, his father pushes him in his wheelchair;inthe      ,Rickliesin asmalboatandhisfatherswimsandpuls him;inthecycling,Ricksitsinaspecialseat onthefrontofhisfathersbike. 13.(2020陕西70题节选)Irealywantto       .ButImnotsureifmylegwilbeready forthegame.Idohopeitwilbebythen. Ⅰ.完成句子 14.我认为每晚至少睡8个小时很有必要。 Ithinkitsverynecessary         atleast8hourseverynight. 15.对学生而言,按时完成作业是很重要的。 Itsimportantforstudents         ontime. 16.现在许多人通过制作短视频或他们自己的方 式来传播中国文化。 ManypeoplespreadChinesecultureby          ortheirownwaysnow. 17.谢谢你为我们提供了这次从事志愿者的 机会。 Thankyoufor                this volunteeropportunity. 18.政府正在为避免浪费食物而付出更多努力。 Thegovernmentismakingmoreefortstoavoid         . 19.学会在不同的场合如何表现得体是相当重 要的。 Itsquiteimportanttolearnhow          properlyindiferentsituations. 20.对我来说,这本小说读起来太难了,因为里面 有太多的生词。 Thenovelisveryhardforme         becausetherearetoomanynewwordsinit. 21.为了拯救大象,我们不能买象牙制品。          theelephants,wemustnt buythingsmadeofivory. Ⅱ.短文填空(2024湖北改编) pick eat come protect change report hold colect keep deal Doyoubelievepickinguprubbishhasbecome aworldcompetition? InNovemberof2023, thefirstRubbish ColectionWorld Cup washeld in Asia.Its reportedthatteamsfrom21countriestookpartin it.Accordingtotherules,eachteamwilhave60 minutesto22.       rubbishasmuchas possible.Britainfinalywonfirstprize.“Wehope morepeoplearoundtheworldwilpayatentionto 23.       withenvironmentalproblems,” saidaBritishteammember. WhenKen,thefounder(创始人)ofthe competition,wasinterviewed,hetalkedabouthow                                                                          721   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) to24.       upwiththeidea.Several yearsago,hefoundmanyseaanimalsdiedafter 25.       therubbishinthesea.Sohe keptpickinguprubbishonhiswaytothebeach everymorning. “26.       upapieceofrubbishmay saveaturtles(海龟的)life.Itsalsoagoodwayto 27.       thebeachclean.”Inhiseyes, 28.       peoplesthoughtsaboutrubbish wasmoreimportant. “Picking up rubbish is meaningfuland helpful,”addedKen.“Now,Iamgladtohearthat lotsofpeoplepromiseto29.       our environment.”               考点 6 主谓一致 (完形第一节:2024.21,2021.30;短文填空:2022.61,2020.69) 考点讲解 主谓一致指句子的谓语动词与主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。主谓一致要遵循三个基本原 则:语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 语法一致原则(2024.21,2022.61) 语法一致原则指主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致,即主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式; 主语是复数形式,谓语动词用复数形式。 主语 谓语 例句 不可数名词、可数名词单数、人称代词的单数形式 either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词 复合不定代词 动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句 oneof+可数名词复数/复数代词 apairof/akindof等后接可数名词复数 单数 Agirlissingingintheclassroom. Everystudentisreadyfortheexam. Nothingisimpossibleforawilingheart. SpeakingEnglishwithLizhelpsmeimprove myspokenEnglish. Oneoftheboyshasabasketbal. Apairofgoodshoesisnecessaryduringthe trip. 可数名词复数、人称代词复数形式及第二人称单 数形式you and或both爥 and爥 连接的名词及人称代词 复数 Twogirlsaresingingintheclassroom. BothJennyandKatearemyfriends. 主语后面跟有 with,togetherwith,except,but, like,aswelas,ratherthan,including等词 取决于 主语的数 Heaswelashisparentswantstogotothe museumtospendtheirweekend. 分数/百分数+of+名词 alotof/lotsof/plentyof/therestof+名词 取决于 名词的数 80% ofthesebooksarepopularwith students. Lotsofwonderfulsportsgamesareheldin ourschool. 821   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 殏 殏殏 殏 1.由and连接的两个名词指不同的人时,谓语动词用复数形式;指同一个人时,谓语动词用单数形 式。如: JamesandTimhavedecidedtogoclimbingthisweekend.詹姆斯和蒂姆决定这个周末去爬山。 Thesingerandactorispopularamongteenagers.这位歌手兼演员很受青少年的欢迎。 2.由and连接的todo不定式或动名词强调不同的个体时,谓语动词用复数形式;强调整体概念时,谓 语动词用单数形式。如: Lyingandstealingarenotright.撒谎和偷窃是不对的。 Toloveandtobelovedisimportanttome.爱与被爱对我来说很重要。 意义一致原则(2021.30) 意义一致原则指主语和谓语动词的一致关系取决于主语意义上的单复数,而不是语法上的单复 数形式。有时主语是单数,但意义是复数,谓语动词应用复数形式;主语是复数,但意义是单数,谓语 动词应用单数形式。 主语 谓语 例句 集体名词,如 family,class,team, group,public等 若作为一个整体看待,谓语 动词要用单数形式;若强调 其中的成员,谓语动词要用 复数形式 Myfamilyisahappyone. MyfamilyarewatchingTVtogethernow. 集合名词,如people,police等 复数 Thepolicearetryingtheirbesttofindout thetruthoftheaccident. 表示重量、度量、时间、长度、价格 等的词或短语 单数 Twentyminutesisenoughformetofinish thetask. the+姓氏复数/the+姓氏+family, 表示“……一家;……夫妇” the+形容词,表示一类人 复数 TheGreensaregladtoliveinXian. Theyoungareusualygladtohelpothers. 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 檪 殏 殏殏 殏 1.“this/thatkindof+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数;“manykindsof+名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复 数。如: Thiskindofcupsselswel. Manykindsofcupsareshownhere. 2.一些形式为复数,意思为单数的名词,如:trousers,pants,shorts,glasses等作主语时,谓语动词用复 数。如: Theshortsaretoolongforme.Ineedashorterpair. 921   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) 就近一致原则(2020.69) 就近一致原则指当句子有两个或两个以上主语时,谓语动词的形式与距其最近的主语保持 一致。 主语 谓语 例句 由either爥or爥,neither爥 nor爥,notonly爥 but(also)爥,not爥but爥或or连接的两个并 列主语 谓语动词与距其最近的主语 在人称和数上保持一致 NeitherJim norhisparentsare comingtothisparty. Therebe爥和Herebe爥 这两个句式中 be动词与距其最近的主语在 数上保持一致 There isa schooland several restaurantsnearthepark. 考点测验 1.(2024陕西21题节选)Dogs     mansbest friends. A.am B.is C.are D.be 2.(2021陕西30题节选)Althepeopleinthetown      sohappytoseetheirthingsbackthat theycheeredandcaledhimahero. A.is B.was C.are D.were 3.(2022陕西 61题节选改编)InOctober2021,a localnewspapertoldastoryofacommonman, JiaShuangdeng.He      (be)from ShaanxiProvince. 4.(2020陕西69题节选改编)Ilovegreenplantsand flowers.There      (be)manyinmy yard. 用所给词的适当形式填空 5.(2024牡丹江改编)Havinggoodmanners       (be)necessarywhenyouvisitaforeign country. 6.(2024绥化改编)Look!There      (be) someinformationabouttraficrulesinthisbook. 7.(2024鞍山改编)NotonlyTom butalsohis brother      (be)interestedinAI technology. 8.Lindaprefersmusicianswho       (play)diferentkindsofmusic. 9.Thelitlegirl      (kiss)hermom beforeshegoestobed. 10.Thewriterandspeaker      (be) givingaspeechonChinesecultureinher hometownnow. 11.Manythings      (be)againstour wil,butwemustfolowourdreams. 12.Plentyoffish      (live)inthepond nearourschool. 13.100yuan      (be)enoughtobuy severalbooksfromalocalbookstore. 14.Aquarterofthecountrysenergy       (come)fromrenewablesources. 15.Ihavereadtwoofyourarticles,butneitherof them      (be)goodenoughtogeta highmark. 16.Thisbookisinteresting.Bothmyfatherandmy sister      (like)itverymuch.                                                031   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 专项提升 1 用动词的适当形式填空———针对短文填空 (每年4~5道) 中考解读:陕西近6年用动词的适当形式填空在短文填空主要考查六种形式:①填原形(6年8 考);②填单三形式(6年4考);③填过去式(6年4考);④填过去分词(6年6考);⑤填现在分词(2019. 61);⑥填名词(2023.63,2021.66)。 考点讲解 考向1填原形(6年8考) 1.在固定搭配或句型中; 2.位于情态动词后; 3.位于助动词do/does/did/wil后; 4.位于使役动词(let,make等)宾语后; 5.位于不定式符号to后; 6.句子时态为一般现在时,主语为非第三人称单 数; 7.用于祈使句中。 考向2填单三形式(6年4考) 1.不可数名词作主语; 2.“a/an/the+可数名词单数”作主语; 3.第三人称代词he,she,it作主语; 4.单个人名、地名作主语; 5.不定代词(every系列/some系列/any系列/no 系列)作主语; 6.this/that作主语; 7.非谓语动词(动词不定式/动名词)作主语。 考向3填过去式(6年4考) 1.句中有明显表示过去的时间状语; 2.过去式+and/or+过去式; 3.主从复合句中,若从句用一般过去时,主句通 常也用过去的某种时态; 4.上下文的时态为一般过去时。 考向4填过去分词(6年6考) 1.用于现在/过去完成时(have/has/had+done) 结构中; 2.用于各种时态的被动语态(am/is/are/was/ were/wilbe/情态动词+be+done)结构中; 3.用在某些动词后作宾补。 考向5填现在分词(2019.61) 1.用于现在/过去进行时(am/is/are/was/were+ doing)结构中; 2.用在while引导的时间状语从句中。 注:动词的基本形式见P110 考向6填名词(2023.63,2021.66) 1.所填词的前面有名词所有格/形容词性物主代 词/指示代词/不定代词/限定词/冠词/数词/ 形容词作定语修饰; 2.位于动词或介词后作宾语; 3.位于系动词后作表语表示人或物; 4.位于句首作主语。 动词变名词的规则如下: 变化规律 示例 直接+er或 +or(表示 相应动作 的人或职 业) act→actor   colect→colector direct→director help→helper  invent→inventorlisten→listener lead→leader play→player  paint→painter report→reporter sing→singer visit→visitor work→worker 特殊记:begin→beginner run→runner win→winner 以不发音 的字母e结 尾,结尾+r dance→dancer  drive→driver manage→manager write→writer v.+ment achieve→achievement agree→agreement develop→development(2023.63) improve→improvement move→movement                                                                131   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) 续表 变化规律 示例 v.+ing build→building    feel→feeling meet→meeting 特殊记:swim→swimming(2021.66) ski→sking      hike→hiking skate→skating v.+ion act→action      direct→direction discuss→discussion express→expression suggest→suggestion 先去 e再 加ion celebrate→celebration  communicate→communication congratulate→congratulation  educate→education polute→polution v.+ation 或去e 加ation expect→expectation examine→examination invite→invitation prepare→preparation v.+tion或 去e加tion invent→invention connect→connection introduce→introduction produce→production 其他 compete→competition describe→description pronounce→pronunciation decide→decision 更多初中常见动词变名词见《教材知识记背 册》P86 考点测验 seem develop stop meet win have ofer 1.(2023陕西63题节选)Indaysofhighspeedtrain researchand      ,scientistswere oncefacedwithanoiseproblem. 2.(2023陕西 69题节选)Scientistsstudythesmart modelsthatnaturecan      . 3.(2022陕西 66题节选)He       many dificultiesbuthefacedthembravelyandkept onworkinghard. 4.(2021陕西 64题节选)HowcanRickmakeitas hecantswim,bikeorrunandsitsina wheelchair?It            tobean impossibledreamforhimtorealize. 5.(2021陕西 69题节选)Nowthefatherandson have       therespect(尊敬)ofmany people. 6.(2020陕西 63题节选)Rick       won fivegoldmedals(奖牌)inthelastfewyears. 7.(2019陕西62题节选)Atthelastcrossing,while Iwaswaitingforthegreenlight,Isawanold manwalkingtowardme.He       me andIfeltalitlenervous. Passage1 create look have feel teach lead show find ask remember InancientChinesestories,Cangjiecreated characters.Cangjiewassmart,sothe8.        Huangdigavehimthejobofrecordingthings. However,Cangjie9.       thatthejob becamemoredificultasthenumberofthethingsto recordgrew.Hewantedtofindoutawaytosolve theproblem. Oneday,Cangjiewenthuntingwithseveral otherpeople.Henoticedthehunterschosetheir wayby10.            atthediferent footprints(脚印)ofanimals.Afterseeingthis, Cangjiethoughtiftherewerediferentsignsfor diferentthings,hecould11.       al theimportantthingseasily.Throughhardwork,the signsforwritingwere 12.       by Cangjie.HuangdiwashappywithCangjieswork and13.       himtoteachthesignsto others.TheyalthankedCangjie.Overtimehegot proud. Cangjiewas14.       aclassone                                                                          231   第二部分 语法知识精讲练 day.Anoldmankeptlisteningtohimcarefuly. Aftertheclass,theoldmanaskedCangjie,“The signsyoucreatedforthehorseandthedog 15.       theyhavefourlegs.Acowalso 16.       fourlegs.Butwhydoesntthe signforthecowshowthat?” Cangjiefoundhemixedthetwosignsupwhen teaching.He17.       verysoryfor that.Fromthenon,Cangjiewasmorecarefulabout hiswork. Passage2 take hold try bring know find  graduate read make decide TheChengniinkstone(砚)isoneofthe“four famousinkstones”inourcountry.Withahistoryof over1,000years,theskilof18.       it hadoncebeenlostforhundredsofyears.Andit waslater19.       backtolifebyLin XiaolinsgrandfatherLin Yongmao and father LinTao. In1986,LinYongmaoworkedatamuseum. He20.       manybooksaboutthe Chengniinkstonethereand21.       to makeit.Althoughhelearnedfromthehistorical papers,thiswasnotaeasytask.Ittookhimand hissontwoyearsto22.       suitable mud(泥浆)materials.Aftermanyfailures,they finalysucceededinmakingtwoChengniinkstones in1991.It23.       nearlyayearand dozensofstepstomakeaChengniinkstone. LinXiaolin,astheinheritor(继承人)ofthe skilofmakingChengniinkstones,has24.        Chengniinkstonessincehischildhood.In 2011, he went abroad to study modern technologies. “Passing down the skil 25.       thekeytokeepingitalive,” LinXiaolinsaid.HereturnedtoChinaafterhe 26.       fromcolegein2019.Hehoped tomakemuchmoreChengniinkstonesbyusing moderntechnologiesandtraditionaldesigns.And hehasgotmuchsuccess. LinXiaolinis27.       hardto bringmoreenergytotheChengniinkstoneand makeitasymbolofChineseculture.                                        专项提升 2 动词短语填空———针对完成句子 (6年8考) 中考解读:陕西近6年动词短语填空在完成句子中主要考查四种形式:①动词+名词(2024.59、 60);②动词+介词/副词(2022.58,2021.59);③副词+动词/动词+副词(6年 3考);④动词+形容词 (2024.57)。 解题技巧:针对动词短语填空类试题,学生首先需要根据汉语提示判断出应该用哪个动词短语, 然后通过分析句子结构和时态,填出该动词短语的正确形式。 考点讲解 考向1动词+名词(2024.59、60) takethebus乘坐公交车(2024.59) findtheplace找到地方(2024.60) savewater节约水 plantvegetables/growvegetables种菜 makeamistake/makemistakes出错;犯错 考向2动词+介词/副词(2022.58,2021.59) giveup放弃(2022.58) eatup吃完(2021.59) waitfor等待 cheerup使振作起来 lookafter/carefor照顾 setup建立;创建 hearfrom收到……的来信 ariveat/getto到达 考向3副词+动词/动词+副词(6年3考) warmlywelcomed热烈欢迎(2023.60) deeply/greatlyremember/miss深切怀念(2021. 60) drivecarefuly小心开车(2020.58) runfast快速跑 eathealthily吃得健康                     331   众相原创 赋能中考 陕西英语(RJ) livehappily快乐生活 movequickly快速移动 考向4动词+形容词(2024.57) feelscared感到害怕(2024.57) looktired看起来疲惫 getangry生气 soundinteresting听起来有趣 tasteterible味道很差 考点测验 1.(2024陕西57题)如果你有一张地图,迷路时就 不会感到害怕。 Ifyouhaveamap,youwont         whenyougetlost. 2.(2024陕西59题)如果你想乘坐公交车,地图小 程序能告诉你选择哪一路车。 Ifyouwantto        ,mapapps cantelyouwhichonetochoose. 3.(2024陕西60题)有了地图的帮助,你就能轻易 地找到你要去的地方。 Withthehelpofmaps,youcan          thatyouwanttogoto. 4.(2023陕西60题)中国人民热烈欢迎来参加中 国—中亚峰会的客人。 Chinesepeople         theguests toChinaCentralAsiaSummit. 5.当你遇到麻烦时,一个逃离你的朋友不是真正 的朋友。 Whenyouareintrouble,afriendwho          fromyouisnotatrueone. 6.为了过上绿色生活,我们应该记得离开房间时 关掉灯。 Toliveagreenlife,weshouldrememberto          thelightswhenweleavea room. 7.我们最好不要过于依赖父母。 Wedbeternot         ourparents toomuch. 8.去年,我们学校开辟了一个菜园,供学生种植 蔬菜。 Lastyear,agardenwasstartedforstudentsto          inourschool. 9.为了节省时间,他决定坐地铁上班。 Inorderto        ,hedecidedto gotoworkbysubway. 10.音乐听起来太吵了。请调低音量。 Themusic        .Pleaseturnit down. 11.如果你走进一间带有蓝色墙的房间,你会感 到很放松。 Youwil         ifyouwalkintoa roomwithbluewals. 12.由于政府的努力,我们的城市正在快速地 发展。 Thankstotheefortsofourgovernment,our cityis        . 13.为了吃得健康,她亲自做饭,而不去选择一些 快餐。 To        ,shemakesfoodby herselfinsteadofchoosingsomefastfood. 14.看那些乌云。马上就要下雨了。          thedarkclouds.Itis goingtorainsoon. 15.我们在假期有时在公园野餐。 Wesometimes         inthepark duringholidays. 16.多酷的飞机模型啊!但它是由用过的木头和 玻璃做的。 Howcoolthemodelplaneis!Butitis          usedwoodandglass. 17.花很好看。让我拍一些照片给我妈妈看看。 Theflowersarebeautiful.Letme          andshowthemtomymom. 18.在大城市里没有地图很容易迷路。 Itseasyto         inabigcity withoutamap. 19.思维导图在我们的英语课上被广泛使用。 Mindmapsare         inour Englishclass. 20.地上到处都是垃圾。让我们把它捡起来吧。 Thereislitereverywhere.Lets         .                                                                          431

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专题二 动词-【众相原创·赋能中考】2025年中考英语课堂精讲册(陕西专用)
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专题二 动词-【众相原创·赋能中考】2025年中考英语课堂精讲册(陕西专用)
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专题二 动词-【众相原创·赋能中考】2025年中考英语课堂精讲册(陕西专用)
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专题二 动词-【众相原创·赋能中考】2025年中考英语课堂精讲册(陕西专用)
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