专题11 语法填空总归纳- 2025年高考英语二轮热点题型归纳与变式演练（北京专用）

热点题型·语言运用攻略 专题11 语法填空总归纳 高考英语北京卷试题，语法填空部分通常有3个不同体裁的文段，总词数在260词左右，总共设置10道小题，共计15分。主要考查基本语法知识，其中，时态和语态2或3道，非谓语动词2或3道，主从复合句1或2道，介词1道，形容词比较级0或1道，代词0或1道，名词0或1道，构词法0或1道。试题整体难度中等。 针对该部分内容，考生应学会识别考点，对考点做到心中有数。能快速识别考点的考生，10小题能取得80%—100%的正确率，其他题型的正确率也能达到至少75%。考生在做题时，在了解短文大意的基础上，从语篇着手并联系上下文，根据自己掌握的语法知识、词汇知识、生活常识、文化背景等，有逻辑地进行思考，才能得出答案。 1 语境(上下文）；2 语法： 动词（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式）、名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词 固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法、倒装等。 1.阅读/理解语篇的能力 2.分析句子结构的能力 3.熟练运用语法的能力 4.单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力等(对中下层考生来说，难度较大)。 题型01 有提示词填空题的解题技巧 【题型诠释】 有提示词填空题要求使用括号中单词的正确形式填空,主要考查谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级及最高级、词性或词形转化这四种情况。 当设空处后面给出动词原形时,设空处一般会考查动词的时态、几种常见时态的被动语态形式或非谓语动词。 (1)考查时态或语态  第一步:分析句子结构,确定句中是否缺谓语。如缺谓语动词,则考查动词 的时态或语态。 第二步:看主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系,以确定用主动语态还是被动语态,同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。 第三步:要注意主谓一致。 (2)考查非谓语动词 ing 主动、伴随 done 被动、完成 to do 目的、将来 第一步:若句中已有谓语,且设空处不作并列谓语,应考虑该空是否考查非谓语动词。 第二步:根据非谓语动词在句中所作句子成分、句式的特殊要求或某些词语的特殊要求,确定用哪种非谓语动词形式。如作目的状语一般用不定式形式,而作原因、伴随、时间等状语时,需用现在分词、过去分词形式;如作主语或宾语用动名词或不定式;如作动词enjoy,finish等的宾语时,需用动名词;如作动词decide,refuse等的宾语时,需用不定式。如设空前为系动词,需用现在分词或过去分词作表语。 第三步:确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。 第四步:根据非谓语动词的动作与谓语动词的动作发生的先后顺序确定用一般式还是用完成式。 当给出形容词或副词时,往往要求写出形容词或副词的比较级或最高级形式;有时考查形容词与副词之间的转换。 第一步:分析结构,确定设空处在句子中作定语还是状语。 第二步:根据结构、语境或句子意思确定是填比较级还是最高级以及要不要加表示否定或相反意义的前缀或后缀。 词性转化多以派生词变化为主,如:形容词与名词间的相互转化,形容词与动词间的相互转化,动词与名词间的相互转化等。 第一步:分析结构,确定要填的词在句中充当哪种句子成分。比如,修饰动词、形容词或副词或修饰整个句子作状语,用副词;作主语或宾语,用名词;在冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后,用名词。 第二步:根据构词法将括号中的词变成所需要的词类。 注意:有时不但要注意词性转化,而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀,其逻辑意义才通顺;而且要特别注意所填词的正确的拼写形式。 题型02 无提示词填空题的解题技巧 【题型诠释】 无提示词填空题需考生在不给出提示词的情况下填出符合上下文逻辑、词法、句法的单词,主要考查代词、冠词、介词、情态动词、并列连词、主从复合句、特殊句式等。 第一步:分析句子结构。若句子缺主语,则要填代词主格、指示代词、不定代词或it;若动词或介词后面缺宾语,则要填代词的宾格、指示代词、不定代词或it。如果该宾语与主语是同一人(或物),应用反身代词。 第二步:理解句子意思。根据各个代词的意义和用法以及句子的意义,填入合适的代词。  要弄清句子结构,若设空处后为名词,设空处为名词的定语,又无提示词时, 可确定设空处应填冠词(a,an,the)、形容词性物主代词(如:my,your等)或限定词(如:other,another,either,both等)。 第一步:若设空处后是名词、代词、动名词或what从句,且它们不作主语或宾语时,很可能就是填介词。若设空处前是动词且设空处后为名词、动名词,设空处也可能填介词构成动词短语。 第二步:根据具体的语境或空格所在句的意思来确定填哪个介词。 若句子结构较完整,设空处后的谓语动词是原形、have done或be doing等,特别是主谓不一致或谓语动词的时态与上下文时态不一致时,很可能填情态动词或用来强调谓语动词的助动词do,does,did;若构成部分倒装,设空处后需有主语,主语后需为动词原形或过去分词、现在分词,这时需根据需要填do,does,did;have,has;is,am,are或某些情态动词。 并列连词(and,but,or,so等) 主从复合句(含定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句) 定语从句考查关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose,of which,of whom等)或关系副词(when,where,why); 名词性从句考查连接词that,if/whether,which,who,whom,what,when,why,where,how等; 状语从句考查表示原因的从属连词(because,as等)、表让步的从属连词(though,although,as等)、表条件的从属连词(if,unless等)、表时间的从属连词(when,while,as,before,after,until,since等)、表结果的从属连词(so...that...或such...that...等)。 第一步:分析结构,若句中有两个句子(有两个主谓结构),且两句之间没有句号、分号,也没有连接词,设空处必定考查并列连词或主从复合句。 第二步:根据两句之间的意义、逻辑关系或句式结构来确定是并列结构还是某种主从复合句。 第三步:若是主从复合句,要根据从句的特点并结合连接词的意义和作用来确定具体的连接词。 注意:若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词,也可能填并列连词。 强调句：It is +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分 It is in the classroom that  Tom is reading a book. 【高考真题】 （2024·北京·高考真题） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” （2023·北京·高考真题） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest____13____(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ____15____(city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China ____16____(establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention ____17____ global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. （2022·北京·高考真题） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Helen was walking down the street late 11 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 12 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 15 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 17 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 18 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 19 (bad). The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. （2021·北京·高考真题） A 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do we dream? Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse 11 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything 12 happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 13 (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. B 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Sam is an in-real-life streamer(播主), and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 14 a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about 15 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 15 _(safe) wait for the police to take her home. C 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 There 17 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 18 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 19 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 20 (invest) in disaster prevention. （2020·北京·高考真题） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1 (play) a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're 2 (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3 you can join in when it's possible. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 4 (throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years 5 (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 6 countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 7 (country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A piece of stone 8 (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 9 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were 10 （smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise. 【最新模考】 （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 It can be hard not to let negativity go into your day, especially during 81 (stress) periods of life. A bit of optimism makes you become better and emotionally 82 (healthy) in the long term. An optimistic person is always looking for the best in any situation and expecting that good things 83 (happen). But being optimistic doesn’t mean you go into denial and pretend everything is fine when it’s not. It is a particular state of mind 84 you hope for the best but prepare for the worst. （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The horse-face skirt, or mamianqun in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song Dynasty. Traditionally it has two panels 85 (attach) to a single waistband, which overlap in front of the body to form a “skirt door”, like the horse-face defenses on ancient city walls. It primarily 86 (represent) a Chinese philosophical concept that harmonizes strength and gentleness. The skirt has gone beyond time and space to become a fashion item today. It 87 (prefer) by fans of traditional clothing, who have continued to develop it. （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 An elderly couple has become stars in the marathon community. 88 (win) at least 200 medals from sports meetings in the past ten years, they are regarded as role models by many people. Initially, the couple started running just 89 (improve) their health. Later, they decided to challenge themselves and signed up for a marathon. Though neither of them had run a full marathon before, they managed to complete it. They believe no matter 90 age it is, the marathon spirit of fighting to the end is essential. （2024·北京海淀·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Many of our actions are initiated by emotion. Challenging situations will arise in our lives and 91 we handle these situations is a mark of how mature and independent we are. Keeping our emotions 92 dominating our lives is essential because stable emotion brings a sense of contentment and calm. Luckily, there are many 93 (help) techniques to control our emotions, such as meditation, yoga, and breathing exercises. （2024·北京海淀·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Research suggests a connection between deforestation, 94 (result) in poorer air quality, and increased rates of depression and anxiety. It has been revealed that countries with more forested land tend to see 95 (few) cases of mental health disorders. In the 1980s, “forest bathing” was introduced as a therapeutic practice centered around trees to enhance the psychological benefits of outdoor experiences. Up till now, this practice 96 (use) for treating patients. （2024·北京海淀·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nathen 97 (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. Moved by her sad eyes and pitiful meowing, Nathen decided to adopt her and named her Milo. Together, they experienced kindness, 98 (visit) charities, and rescued animals, forming an unbreakable bond. Milo especially liked going to the railway station near their home during rush hour, 99 commuting (通勤) was challenging for most people. Often 100 (find) sitting on a ticket gate, Milo greeted commuters and brought smiles to all she encountered, making the spring morning a little brighter. （2024·北京昌平·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 Released on Aug 30, 2023, a three-episode web series 101 (title) Escape From the British Museum has become popular online for its touching and innovative story. The series follows the journey home of a Chinese jade teapot that has come to life as a girl. She runs away from the British Museum and comes across a Chinese journalist 102 helps the artifact (文物) return to China. The series aims to raise broader awareness of Chinese artifacts that 103   (keep) abroad. （2024·北京昌平·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 Wake up early enough and probably you 104 （hear） a pleasant chorus of birds. This early singing can start as early as 4 a. m. and last for several hours. Birds do it 105 （attract） mates and warn other birds to avoid their place. One theory as to 106 they choose the early morning to communicate these important messages is that the low visibility makes it hard to do other bird activities, like searching for food. Keeping their activity level low, they choose to sing instead. （2024·北京昌平·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 In America, people use both “fall” and “autumn” to describe the 107 (three) season of the year. According to Dictionary. com, these two words were first documented within a few 108 (century). The period between summer and winter was called “harvest” 109 old English. This word has Germanic origins highlighting the act of gathering and preserving crops before winter. In the 1500s, English speakers 110 (begin) referring to the season between cold and warm months as the “fall of the leaf” which later shortened to “fall”. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点题型·语言运用攻略 专题11 语法填空总归纳 高考英语北京卷试题，语法填空部分通常有3个不同体裁的文段，总词数在260词左右，总共设置10道小题，共计15分。主要考查基本语法知识，其中，时态和语态2或3道，非谓语动词2或3道，主从复合句1或2道，介词1道，形容词比较级0或1道，代词0或1道，名词0或1道，构词法0或1道。试题整体难度中等。 针对该部分内容，考生应学会识别考点，对考点做到心中有数。能快速识别考点的考生，10小题能取得80%—100%的正确率，其他题型的正确率也能达到至少75%。考生在做题时，在了解短文大意的基础上，从语篇着手并联系上下文，根据自己掌握的语法知识、词汇知识、生活常识、文化背景等，有逻辑地进行思考，才能得出答案。 （一）语法填空的考查范围： 1 语境(上下文）；2 语法： 动词（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式）、名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词 固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法、倒装等。 （二）语法填空的能力要求： 1.阅读/理解语篇的能力 2.分析句子结构的能力 3.熟练运用语法的能力 4.单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力等(对中下层考生来说，难度较大)。 题型01 有提示词填空题的解题技巧 【题型诠释】 有提示词填空题要求使用括号中单词的正确形式填空,主要考查谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词和副词的比较级及最高级、词性或词形转化这四种情况。 1.给出动词原形 当设空处后面给出动词原形时,设空处一般会考查动词的时态、几种常见时态的被动语态形式或非谓语动词。 (1)考查时态或语态  第一步:分析句子结构,确定句中是否缺谓语。如缺谓语动词,则考查动词 的时态或语态。 第二步:看主语与谓语之间是主动关系还是被动关系,以确定用主动语态还是被动语态,同时还要根据语境考虑用哪种时态。 第三步:要注意主谓一致。 【典例1】 At that time, soda pop was sold in bottles,and they were washed and___________(fill) again. 解析:分析句子结构可知,设空处为谓语动词且与washed并列,主语they与fill为被动关系,但设空前已经有了助动词were,故设空处应填filled。 【典例2】 In Logan,three people___________(take)to a hospital,while others were treated at a local clinic. 解析:根据were treated(一般过去时的被动语态)可知此空需用一般过去时,根据语境可知此空还需用被动语态,又因主语为three people(复数概念),故答案为were taken。 (2)考查非谓语动词 ing 主动、伴随 done 被动、完成 to do 目的、将来 第一步:若句中已有谓语,且设空处不作并列谓语,应考虑该空是否考查非谓语动词。 第二步:根据非谓语动词在句中所作句子成分、句式的特殊要求或某些词语的特殊要求,确定用哪种非谓语动词形式。如作目的状语一般用不定式形式,而作原因、伴随、时间等状语时,需用现在分词、过去分词形式;如作主语或宾语用动名词或不定式;如作动词enjoy,finish等的宾语时,需用动名词;如作动词decide,refuse等的宾语时,需用不定式。如设空前为系动词,需用现在分词或过去分词作表语。 第三步:确定非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系还是被动关系。 第四步:根据非谓语动词的动作与谓语动词的动作发生的先后顺序确定用一般式还是用完成式。 【典例1】 When I was a young boy about 8 years old,my younger sister and I got the idea to buy something for my mother for Mother’s Day.Money was hard___________ (make). 解析:设空处所在的句子为主系表结构,根据句子结构可判断设空处作状语,be+表示难、易、好、坏的形容词,后面需用不定式的主动形式作状语,故答案为to make。 【典例2】 ___________ (complete)the project as planned,  we’ll have to work two more hours a day. 解析:逗号后为一个完整的句子,逗号前既没有并列连词也没有从属连词,故设空处应用非谓语动词作状语。根据语境可知设空处作目的状语,故需用不定式形式。句子主语we与complete为逻辑上的主动关系,又因设空处位于句首,故答案为To complete(首字母 “t ”需大写)。 2.给出形容词或副词 当给出形容词或副词时,往往要求写出形容词或副词的比较级或最高级形式;有时考查形容词与副词之间的转换。 第一步:分析结构,确定设空处在句子中作定语还是状语。 第二步:根据结构、语境或句子意思确定是填比较级还是最高级以及要不要加表示否定或相反意义的前缀或后缀。 【典例1】 Soon Charlie made friends with Patrick and his stepsister Sara and they___________(gradual) became best friends. 解析:第二个and后的分句结构完整,故可判断设空处应为副词作状语,而gradual的副词形式为gradually,故gradually为本题答案。 【典例2】 The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love.Nothing could be__________ (sweet). 解析:用nothing与an act of kindness and love相对比,这里是用比较级的否定形式表示最高级,因此答案是sweeter。 3.词性或词形转化 词性转化多以派生词变化为主,如:形容词与名词间的相互转化,形容词与动词间的相互转化,动词与名词间的相互转化等。 第一步:分析结构,确定要填的词在句中充当哪种句子成分。比如,修饰动词、形容词或副词或修饰整个句子作状语,用副词;作主语或宾语,用名词;在冠词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格后,用名词。 第二步:根据构词法将括号中的词变成所需要的词类。 注意:有时不但要注意词性转化,而且还要考虑用表示相反意义的前缀或后缀,其逻辑意义才通顺;而且要特别注意所填词的正确的拼写形式。 【典例1】 Jane knew from past experience that her__________ (choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 解析:在形容词性物主代词her后,用名词或动名词形式,而空后有of短语作定语,所以填名词choice。 【典例2】 Despite Crabtree professional and family success,those around her had noted her__________(satisfy) with not finishing school. 解析:由空前的her和空后的with可分析出,此处应该用satisfy的名词形式satisfaction,而空后的not finishing school则进一步暗示,Crabtree对此并不满意,故用否定含义的名词dissatisfaction。 题型02 无提示词填空题的解题技巧 【题型诠释】 无提示词填空题需考生在不给出提示词的情况下填出符合上下文逻辑、词法、句法的单词,主要考查代词、冠词、介词、情态动词、并列连词、主从复合句、特殊句式等。 1.代词(不定代词、指示代词、替代词、it的用法、人称代词的主格和宾格、反身代词、名词性物主代词等) 第一步:分析句子结构。若句子缺主语,则要填代词主格、指示代词、不定代词或it;若动词或介词后面缺宾语,则要填代词的宾格、指示代词、不定代词或it。如果该宾语与主语是同一人(或物),应用反身代词。 第二步:理解句子意思。根据各个代词的意义和用法以及句子的意义,填入合适的代词。 【典例1】 When stressors throw your nervous system out of balance,relaxation techniques can bring__________ back into a balanced state. 解析:根据前后语境可知,此处应用it指代上文的your nervous system。 【典例2】 A strong memory depends on the health and vitality(活力)of your brain.Humans are highly social animals,so relationships stimulate(刺激)our brains—in fact,interacting with__________may be the best brain exercise. 解析:由上文的关键信息词social animals和relationships分析可知,与人沟通即与“别人”(others)沟通是对大脑的最好锻炼。 2.冠词、形容词性物主代词或限定词  要弄清句子结构,若设空处后为名词,设空处为名词的定语,又无提示词时, 可确定设空处应填冠词(a,an,the)、形容词性物主代词(如:my,your等)或限定词(如:other,another,either,both等)。 【典例1】 Please spend time with those who make you laugh easily—both at themselves and at life humorous events.Surround yourself with reminders to lighten up. Keep__________toy on your desk or in your car.Put up a funny poster in your office.Choose a computer screensaver that makes you laugh. 解析:本段介绍的是如何使自己心情舒畅。设空处后的toy为单数名词,在本句中表示泛指,故用不定冠词a。 3.介词 第一步:若设空处后是名词、代词、动名词或what从句,且它们不作主语或宾语时,很可能就是填介词。若设空处前是动词且设空处后为名词、动名词,设空处也可能填介词构成动词短语。 第二步:根据具体的语境或空格所在句的意思来确定填哪个介词。 【典例1】 The only reason why a man would sell his house__________a lower price would be that he needed money badly. 解析:名词a lower price在句中不作主语,也不作动词的宾语,应为介词的宾语,根据习惯搭配可知,应用介词at。 【典例2】 ...who should have the honour of receiving me as__________a guest in their house. 解析:由句意可知,他们把我“当作”客人来接待,所以此处填介词as。短语receive sb.as...把某人当作……招待。 4.情态动词和助动词 若句子结构较完整,设空处后的谓语动词是原形、have done或be doing等,特别是主谓不一致或谓语动词的时态与上下文时态不一致时,很可能填情态动词或用来强调谓语动词的助动词do,does,did;若构成部分倒装,设空处后需有主语,主语后需为动词原形或过去分词、现在分词,这时需根据需要填do,does,did;have,has;is,am,are或某些情态动词。 【典例1】 I explained that while I didn’t carry any cash,I__________happen to have a new blanket,and asked him if he could use it. 解析:因谓语动词happen是原形,而前后的谓语动词都是过去式,所以此处应填情态动词或助动词;“虽然我没有带现金,但我的确恰好有一张新毯子”,故填助动词did来对谓语动词进行强调。 5.并列连词或主从复合句 并列连词(and,but,or,so等) 主从复合句(含定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句) 定语从句考查关系代词(that,which,who,whom,whose,of which,of whom等)或关系副词(when,where,why); 名词性从句考查连接词that,if/whether,which,who,whom,what,when,why,where,how等; 状语从句考查表示原因的从属连词(because,as等)、表让步的从属连词(though,although,as等)、表条件的从属连词(if,unless等)、表时间的从属连词(when,while,as,before,after,until,since等)、表结果的从属连词(so...that...或such...that...等)。 第一步:分析结构,若句中有两个句子(有两个主谓结构),且两句之间没有句号、分号,也没有连接词,设空处必定考查并列连词或主从复合句。 第二步:根据两句之间的意义、逻辑关系或句式结构来确定是并列结构还是某种主从复合句。 第三步:若是主从复合句,要根据从句的特点并结合连接词的意义和作用来确定具体的连接词。 注意:若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词,也可能填并列连词。 【典例1】 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days__________I was to return to Guangzhou. 解析:因为I wanted to...是一个句子,I was to return...也是一个句子,且这两个句子之间没有连词,也没有分号或句号,故可判断设空处一定填连词;根据句意和两句之间的逻辑关系可知,“参观这个城市尽可能多的地方”应是在“返回广州”之前,故填before。 6.特殊句式(强调句型、倒装句、there be句型、感叹句、“祈使句+and或or+陈述句”结构、“not only...but also...”结构、“neither...nor...”结构、“either...or...”结构等) 强调句：It is +被强调部分+ that/who +其他部分 It is in the classroom that  Tom is reading a book. 【高考真题】 （2024·北京·高考真题） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of ___12___ (self-aware). When we slow down, we create space to reflect on our thoughts and emotions, which helps us identify important areas of our lives and ___13___ (give) us the opportunity to make right choices. To practise this, we need to establish clear ___14___ (boundary) in our personal and professional life. 【答案】11. to rest 12. self-awareness 13. gives 14. boundaries 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了慢下来对个人成长的重要意义。 11.考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 12.考查名词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。空处作介词of的宾语，应用名词self-awareness，sense of self-awareness表示“自我意识”。故填self-awareness。 13.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：当我们放慢脚步时，我们会创造空间来反思我们的想法和情绪，这有助于我们确定生活中的重要领域，并给我们做出正确选择的机会。which引导的非限制性定语从句中，根据helps可知，从句使用一般现在时，which指代前边的整个句子，所以从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式gives，gives与helps并列，作并列谓语。故填gives。 14.考场名词的数。句意：为了实践这一点，我们需要在个人和职业生活中建立明确的界限。句中boundary是可数名词，表示“界限”，根据空后in our personal and professional life可知，此处表示不止一个界限，名词应用复数形式boundaries。故填boundaries。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ___15___ (name) the world’s oldest living man. And when ___16___ (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度). Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said. 【答案】15. was named 16. asked 17. who 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了世界上最长寿的人John Tinniswood及其长寿秘诀。 15.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：2024年4月5日，约翰·廷尼斯伍德被评为世界上在世最长寿的人。根据时间状语On April 5, 2024可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子应用一般过去时；name与主语John Tinniswood之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语John Tinniswood是单数，be动词使用was。故填was named。 16.考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。 17.考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 One day, I saw a boy walking along George Street with an armful of books. I thought ___18___ myself, “Why would he carry all his books? ” Just then, some kids ran at him, ___19___ (knock) his books out of his arms. His glasses went flying and landed in the grass. My heart went out to him, and I ___20___ (jog) over to him. As I handed him the glasses, he looked at me and said, “Thanks!” 【答案】18. to 19. knocking 20. jogged 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者为一个掉落东西的男孩提供帮助的故事。 18.考查介词。句意：我心想，“他为什么要把所有的书都拿着？”think to oneself为固定搭配，表示“心想，暗想”，符合语境。故填to。 19.考查非谓语动词。句意：就在这时，一些孩子朝他跑来，把他的书从他怀里撞了出来。句中已有谓语ran，空处作非谓语动词，knock与逻辑主语some kids之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式knocking作状语。故填knocking。 20.考查时态。句意：我很同情他，然后朝他慢跑过去。句中and连接并列句，空处作后句谓语，根据句中went可知，此处描述过去发生的事，句子使用一般过去时，动词使用过去式形式jogged。故填jogged。 （2023·北京·高考真题） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every culture is riddled with unwritten rules, such as ones on punctuality (守时). I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time. Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest____13____(arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit. 【答案】11. would throw 12. exactly 13. had arrived 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在瑞士和法国体验到的不同的守时习俗。 【11题详解】 考查时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态应用过去将来时。故填would throw。 【12题详解】 考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。修饰介词短语on time应用副词exactly，故填exactly。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。从句中表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots. When ____14____(see) from afar, the mangrove forests appear more splendid. Mangroves can help soften waves and protect ____15____(city) from coastal winds. For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China ____16____(establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. 【答案】14. seen 15. cities16. has established 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。红树林，生长在陆地和海洋之间，有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭，到目前为止，中国已建立了一批红树林保护区。 14.考查状语从句的省略。句意：从远处看，红树林显得更加壮观。逗号前面是when引导的状语从句的省略，当状语从句和主句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词。在从句中，主语为the mangrove forests，和动词see是被动关系，从句应用一般现在时的被动语态，完整形式为when they are seen from afar，省略主语和be动词，故填seen。 15.考查名词复数。句意：红树林有助于软化海浪，保护城市免受沿海风的侵袭。此处应用名词city作宾语，为可数名词，应用复数形式表泛指，故填cities。 16.考查时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nina has run marathons in 32 countries. All of her runs have a guiding purpose: to call attention ____17____ global water issues. Nina recently finished her year-long series of runs in Chicago, ____18____ thousands were attending a water conference.She called for action ____19____(address)the struggles of people around the world ____20____(face) “too little water or too dirty water”. Her efforts have encouraged others to take part by running through a global campaign called“Run Blue”. 【答案】17. to18. where 19. to address 20. facing 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。尼娜在32个国家跑过马拉松。她所有的跑步活动都有一个目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。她的努力鼓励其他人参与到一场名为“蓝色奔跑”的全球运动中来。 17.考查介词。句意：她所有的跑步活动都有一个指导目的：呼吁人们关注全球水资源问题。表示“关注”短语为call attention to。故填to。 18.考查定语从句。句意：最近，尼娜在芝加哥结束了长达一年的系列跑步活动，数千人在那里参加了一个水会议。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Chicago，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。 19.考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知address在句中作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to address。 20.考查非谓语动词。句意：她呼吁采取行动，解决世界各地面临“水太少或水太脏”的人们的斗争。分析句子结构可知face与逻辑主语people构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语，故填facing。 （2022·北京·高考真题） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Helen was walking down the street late 11 the evening, her arms filled with grocery bags. Focused on balancing the bags, she didn’t notice her wallet falling out of her pocket. As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention 12 (harm) her, Helen started to run. Eventually, the man 13 (catch) up with her, and he was only trying to return her wallet! 【答案】11. in 12. to harm 13caught 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述的是海伦在夜间独行时的一段经历。 11.考查介词。句意：深夜，海伦抱着购物袋走在街上。in the evening意为“在晚上”，固定搭配。故in。 12.考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 13.考查动词时态。句意：最终，那个男人追上了她，他只是想把她的钱包还给她！结合句意空处应填谓语动词的形式，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填caught。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do humans prefer some smells over others? One theory, increasingly 14 (support) by experts, suggests that smell preferences are learned. It’s easy to explain how we determine 15 smells are dangerous or not: we learn. This has been adopted to ensure easier detection of gas leaks. Gas naturally 16 (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger. 【答案】14. supported 15whether 16. has 【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍的是人们更喜欢一些味道而不是其它的味道的一个原因，是因为人们对气味的偏好是习得的，这个理论也是越来越多地被专家支持的。 14.考查非谓语动词。句意：被专家越来越多地支持的一个理论表明气味的偏好是习得的。分析句子结构可知，空格处的动词做非谓语，结合空格后的by experts可判断出该处意为“被专家们支持”，所以空格处应用过去分词表被动。故填supported。 15.考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。 16.考查主谓一致。句意：气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语，本句话是在陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时态，且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称，为不可数名词，所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Since people can’t always eat out or cook for 17 (they), they get takeout or order delivery. More takeout and more food delivery equal more waste, especially plastic waste. That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of 18 are only good for one use. That’s a big problem and it is getting even 19 (bad). The use of those plastics 20 (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues. 【答案】17. themselves 18. which 19. worse 20. has increased 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了人们在点外卖的同时，也增加了塑料产品的使用，造成了环境污染。 17.考查反身代词。句意：因为人们不能总是在外面吃饭或者为他们自己做饭，所以他们叫外卖或者叫外卖。空处在句中作介词for的宾语，当主语和宾语为同一物时，宾语要用反身代词。所以此处要用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 18.考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只有一种用途。分析可知，most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。 19.考查比较级。句意：这是个大问题，而且越来越严重。even“甚至”常置于比较级前，所以此处用worse，故填worse。 20.考查现在完成时。句意：自从2019年，那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019，可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义，助动词用has。故填has increased。 （2021·北京·高考真题） A 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Why do we dream? Scientists aren't completely sure, and they have diverse 11 (idea). Dreams might be a side effect of memory making. When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything 12 happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories. As it 13 (connect) things, your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. 【答案】11. ideas 12. that 13. connects 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章解释了我们为什么会做梦的原因。 【11题详解】考查可数名词的数。句意：科学家们还不能完全确定, 他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的, 多种多样的”, 形容词作定语, 后接可数名词复数；idea想法, 可数名词。故填ideas。 【12题详解】考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时, 你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切, 试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知, 空处需用连接词引导定语从句, 先行词是不定代词everything, 关系词在定语从句中作主语, 所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：当它连接事物时, 你的大脑将它们变成一个故事, 然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词turns可知, 空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态, 主语是第三人称单数it, 所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。 B 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Sam is an in-real-life streamer(播主), and he live streams himself just going about his day. While riding his bike home 14 a cold night, he came across a sad-looking elderly woman wandering the streets by herself. The poor woman wasn't able to give him any information about 15 she lived. Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could 15 _(safe) wait for the police to take her home. 【答案】14. on 15. where 16. safely 【解析】 【分析】本文是记叙文。讲述了生活博主Sam救助一个老妇人的故事。 14.考查介词。句意：在一个寒冷的夜晚, 当他骑着自行车回家时, 他遇到了一个看起来悲伤的老妇人独自在街上游荡。表示“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等, 须用介词on。故填on。15.考查宾语从句。句意：这个可怜的老妇人不能说清楚她住在哪里。介词about后是宾语从句, 根据句意, 此处用where“在哪里；……的地方”符合句意, 从句中作地点状语, 故填where。 16.考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店, 这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语, 故填safely。 C 阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空. 在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 There 17 (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, 18 (cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 19 (result) in USD 2,970 billion in economic loss. Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need 20 (invest) in disaster prevention. 【答案】17. has been 18. caused 19. resulting 20. to invest 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出过去20年里, 极端天气事件的数量急剧增加, 这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的, 引发重大自然灾害, 造成了极大的经济损失, 因此人们急需投资于灾害预防。 17.考查动词时态。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告, 过去20年里, 极端天气事件的数量急剧增加, 这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知, 此处使用现在完成时, a dramatic rise是单数感念, 助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 18.考查非谓语动词。句意同上。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是逻辑动宾关系, 应用过去分词, 表被动。故填caused。 19.考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年, 全球共发生重大自然灾害7348起, 造成经济损失2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系, 且表示一种自然的结果, 应用现在分词, 作结果状语。故填resulting。 20.考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明, 急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知, 此处表示未来的动作, 应用不定式, 作后置定语。故填to invest。 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 （2020·北京·高考真题） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food 1 (play) a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're 2 (luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them 3 you can join in when it's possible. 【答案】 1. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing 2. lucky 3. if/whether 【分析】本文是记叙文，主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。 1.考查时态。句意：他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态，也可以表示从过去一直到现在延续的状态，所以可以用现在时，现在进行时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时。故填plays/has played/is playing/has been playing。 2.考查形容词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词，所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。 3.考查连词。句意：问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句，从句成分完整，但缺“是否”的意思，故填if/whether。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they 4 (throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years 5 (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart 6 countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of 7 (country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. 【答案】4. are thrown 5. to break 6. into/to 7. countries 这是一篇说明文，介绍了一次性塑料袋的危害，应禁止使用。 4.考查时态语态。句意：一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实，应该用一般现在时，主语they（Single-use plastic bags ）和谓语动词throw之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。 5.考查动词不定式。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.（花某人/物多长时间干某事），此处用动词不定式（to do ）作真正主语，It形式主语。故填to break。 6.考查介词。句意：随着时间的推移，这些袋子分解成成无数的小碎片，鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中一些。固定搭配fall apart into/to...（分崩离析成……），介词into/to可表“进入……之中/变成……”。故填into/to。 7.考查名词的数。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这种袋子，以阻止人们使用。lots of修饰可数名词复数，故填countries。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A piece of stone 8 (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals 9 （live）alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it's long been assumed that human ancestors were 10 （smart）than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise. 【答案】8. found 9. lived/had lived/had been living 10. smarter 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。 8.考查非谓语动词。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已经灭绝的人类亲戚尼安德特人比我们之前认为的更聪明。句子的谓语为suggests，设空处在句中作非谓语和逻辑主语之间是逻辑的被动关系。故答案为found。 9.考查动词的时态和语态。句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语，结合句意，此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态；又因动作发生在过去，强调过去发生的动作，也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。 10.考查形容词的比较级。句意：但长期以来，人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。设空处前为were设空处应用形容词，设空处后的than表示比较，应用比较级。故答案为than。 【最新模考】 （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 It can be hard not to let negativity go into your day, especially during 81 (stress) periods of life. A bit of optimism makes you become better and emotionally 82 (healthy) in the long term. An optimistic person is always looking for the best in any situation and expecting that good things 83 (happen). But being optimistic doesn’t mean you go into denial and pretend everything is fine when it’s not. It is a particular state of mind 84 you hope for the best but prepare for the worst. 【答案】81．stressful 82．healthier 83．will happen 84．where 【知识点】哲理感悟 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了从长远来看，一点点乐观会让你变得更好，情绪更健康。一个乐观的人总是在任何情况下寻找最好的，并期待好事会发生。但乐观并不意味着你要否认一切，假装一切都很好，但事实并非如此。这是一种特殊的心态，你抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。 81．考查形容词。句意：不让消极情绪进入你的生活是很难的，尤其是在生活压力很大的时候。修饰名词periods应用形容词stressful。故填stressful。 82．考查比较级。句意：从长远来看，一点点乐观会让你变得更好，情绪更健康。根据上文“become better”可知为比较关系，应用比较级。故填healthier。 83．考查时态。句意：一个乐观的人总是在任何情况下寻找最好的，并期待好事会发生。此处从句表示将来的动作，应用一般将来时。故填will happen。 84．考查定语从句。句意：这是一种特殊的心态，你抱最好的希望，做最坏的打算。定语从句修饰先行词state of mind，在从句作地点状语，故用where。故填where。 （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The horse-face skirt, or mamianqun in Chinese, is a traditional Chinese skirt that dates back to the Song Dynasty. Traditionally it has two panels 85 (attach) to a single waistband, which overlap in front of the body to form a “skirt door”, like the horse-face defenses on ancient city walls. It primarily 86 (represent) a Chinese philosophical concept that harmonizes strength and gentleness. The skirt has gone beyond time and space to become a fashion item today. It 87 (prefer) by fans of traditional clothing, who have continued to develop it. 【答案】85．attached 86．represents 87．is preferred 【知识点】服饰穿戴 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了马面裙的历史以及受欢迎的情况。 85．考查非谓语动词。句意：传统上，它有两个嵌板连接在一条腰带上，它们在身体前面重叠形成一个“裙门”，就像古代城墙上的马面防御一样。此处attach与panels构成被动关系，故用过去分词。故填attached。 86．考查时态。句意：它主要代表了一种中国哲学观念，即和谐的力量和温柔。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语用三单形式。故填represents。 87．考查时态语态。句意：它受到传统服装爱好者的青睐，他们一直在继续发展它。主语It与谓语构成被动关系，根据语境可知陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填is preferred。 （2024·北京朝阳·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 An elderly couple has become stars in the marathon community. 88 (win) at least 200 medals from sports meetings in the past ten years, they are regarded as role models by many people. Initially, the couple started running just 89 (improve) their health. Later, they decided to challenge themselves and signed up for a marathon. Though neither of them had run a full marathon before, they managed to complete it. They believe no matter 90 age it is, the marathon spirit of fighting to the end is essential. 【答案】88．Having won 89．to improve 90．what 【知识点】体育健身 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了一对老夫妇成为了马拉松界的明星。在过去的十年中，他们在运动会中赢得了至少200枚奖牌，被许多人视为榜样。讲述了他们的跑步经历。 88．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的十年中，他们在运动会中赢得了至少200枚奖牌，被许多人视为榜样。此处win在句中应用非谓语动词，且在谓语之前发生，用having done形式，首字母大写。故填Having won。 89．考查非谓语动词。句意：最初，这对夫妇开始跑步只是为了改善他们的健康。此处improve在句中作目的状语，用不定式。故填to improve。 90．考查状语从句。句意：他们相信，无论年龄多大，拼搏到底的马拉松精神都是必不可少的。此处引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用no matter what。故填what。 （2024·北京海淀·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Many of our actions are initiated by emotion. Challenging situations will arise in our lives and 91 we handle these situations is a mark of how mature and independent we are. Keeping our emotions 92 dominating our lives is essential because stable emotion brings a sense of contentment and calm. Luckily, there are many 93 (help) techniques to control our emotions, such as meditation, yoga, and breathing exercises. 【答案】91．how 92．from 93．helpful 【知识点】方法/策略、情绪 【导语】本文的体裁为说明文。作者介绍了控制情绪的重要性以及几种实用的方法。 91．考查连词。 句意：在我们的生活中会出现挑战性的情况，我们如何处理这些情况标志着我们的成熟和独立程度。本空用连接词how“如何”，引导主语语从句，表示方式，说明处理问题的方式。故填how。 92．考查固定短语。 句意：控制情绪不被其主宰我们的生活至关重要，因为稳定的情绪能带来满足感和平静。本空填介词from，keep...from...“阻止……做……，使……免于……”为固定短语。故填from。 93．考查形容词。 句意：幸运的是，有许多有用的技巧来控制我们的情绪，比如冥想、瑜伽和呼吸练习。本空用形容词helpful“有帮助的”，修饰名词techniques，作定语。故填helpful。 （2024·北京海淀·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Research suggests a connection between deforestation, 94 (result) in poorer air quality, and increased rates of depression and anxiety. It has been revealed that countries with more forested land tend to see 95 (few) cases of mental health disorders. In the 1980s, “forest bathing” was introduced as a therapeutic practice centered around trees to enhance the psychological benefits of outdoor experiences. Up till now, this practice 96 (use) for treating patients. 【答案】94．resulting 95．fewer 96．has been used 【知识点】人与动植物 【导语】本文的体裁为说明文。文章解释了森林砍伐与空气质量、心理健康之间的联系，并介绍了一种基于此的治疗方法（森林浴）。 94．考查非谓语动词。句意：研究指出，森林砍伐导致空气质量变差，并且抑郁症和焦虑症的发病率上升。本句谓语为suggests，此处为非谓语动词，本空用result“导致”的现在分词形式，作结果状语。故填resulting。 95．考查形容词比较级。句意：据透露，森林覆盖率较高的国家，精神健康障碍的案例较少。结合句意和more forested land可知，本空用few的比较级fewer“更少的”，修饰名词cases“案例”，作定语。故填fewer。 96．考查动词语态、主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，这种实践已经被用于治疗病人。根据Up till now可知，use“使用”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子应用现在完成时，且this practice与use为被动关系，句子用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been used。 （2024·北京海淀·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Nathen 97 (cycle) along a remote road when he came across an abandoned kitten. Moved by her sad eyes and pitiful meowing, Nathen decided to adopt her and named her Milo. Together, they experienced kindness, 98 (visit) charities, and rescued animals, forming an unbreakable bond. Milo especially liked going to the railway station near their home during rush hour, 99 commuting (通勤) was challenging for most people. Often 100 (find) sitting on a ticket gate, Milo greeted commuters and brought smiles to all she encountered, making the spring morning a little brighter. 【答案】97．was cycling 98．visited 99．when 100．found 【知识点】人与动植物 【导语】本文属于记叙文，Nathen在偏远路上偶遇弃猫，出于怜悯将其收养并取名Milo。他们共同传递爱心、访问慈善机构、拯救动物，建立深厚情谊。Milo尤其喜欢在高峰期到家附近的车站为通勤者带去慰藉，用它的存在点亮人们的清晨。 97．考查固定句型和时态。句意：Nathen在一条偏僻的路上骑自行车时，遇到了一只被遗弃的小猫。cycle“骑自行车”。根据句意和空后的when和came可知，此处为固定句型“was/were doing... when...”，本空用过去进行时，表示过去某个时间正在进行的动作，主语Nathen为第三人称单数，be动词用was。故填was cycling。 98．考查时态。句意：他们一起体验了善意，参观了慈善机构，救助了动物，形成了不可破的纽带。visit“参观”。本空用过去式visited，与experienced和rescued并列，用连词and连接。故填visited。 99．考查定语从句。句意：Milo尤其喜欢在上下班高峰期去家附近的火车站，那时上下班对大多数人来说都是一种挑战。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是rush hour，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 100．考查非谓语动词。句意：Milo经常被发现坐在检票口，向上下班往返的人打招呼，并给她遇到的所有人带来微笑，使春天的早晨变得更加明亮。本句谓语为greeted，此处为非谓语动词，且Milo与find“发现”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，表示被动。故填found。 （2024·北京昌平·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 Released on Aug 30, 2023, a three-episode web series 101 (title) Escape From the British Museum has become popular online for its touching and innovative story. The series follows the journey home of a Chinese jade teapot that has come to life as a girl. She runs away from the British Museum and comes across a Chinese journalist 102 helps the artifact (文物) return to China. The series aims to raise broader awareness of Chinese artifacts that 103   (keep) abroad. 【答案】101．titled 102．who 103．are kept 【知识点】电影与戏剧 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了2023年8月30日发布的网络剧《逃离大英博物馆》。 101．考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年8月30日上映的一部三集网络剧《逃离大英博物馆》因其感人和创新的故事情节而在网络上广受欢迎。“(title) Escape From the British Museum”作后置定语，title(加标题，定题目)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语a three-episode web series之间是被动关系，用过去分词表被动。故填titled。 102．考查定语从句。句意：她逃离了大英博物馆，遇到了一位中国记者，他帮助文物回到了中国。空格处单词引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a Chinese journalist，指人，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。 103．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：该系列旨在提高人们对保存在国外的中国文物的认识。keep(保存)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语that(即先行词Chinese artifacts)之间是被动关系，描述现在的状态，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语是复数名词，谓语动词也应使用复数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，复数形式。故填are kept。 （2024·北京昌平·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 Wake up early enough and probably you 104 （hear） a pleasant chorus of birds. This early singing can start as early as 4 a. m. and last for several hours. Birds do it 105 （attract） mates and warn other birds to avoid their place. One theory as to 106 they choose the early morning to communicate these important messages is that the low visibility makes it hard to do other bird activities, like searching for food. Keeping their activity level low, they choose to sing instead. 【答案】104．will hear 105．to attract 106．why 【知识点】动物、科普知识 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了鸟儿唱歌的原因。 104．考查时态。句意：早起的话，你可能会听到鸟儿欢快的合唱。本句为“祈使句+and+一般将来时”的用法。故填will hear。 105．考查非谓语动词。句意：鸟类这样做是为了吸引配偶，并警告其他鸟类远离它们的地方。动词不定式做目的状语。故填to attract。 106．考查连接词。句意：关于它们为什么选择清晨来传达这些重要信息的一种理论是，低能见度使得鸟类很难进行其他活动，比如寻找食物。To后接宾语从句，表示“为什么”，关系副词用why。故填why。 （2024·北京昌平·二模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号所给词的正确形式填空。 In America, people use both “fall” and “autumn” to describe the 107 (three) season of the year. According to Dictionary. com, these two words were first documented within a few 108 (century). The period between summer and winter was called “harvest” 109 old English. This word has Germanic origins highlighting the act of gathering and preserving crops before winter. In the 1500s, English speakers 110 (begin) referring to the season between cold and warm months as the “fall of the leaf” which later shortened to “fall”. 【答案】107．third 108．centuries 109．in 110．began 【知识点】语言与文化 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了两个词“fall”和“autumn”的相关信息。 107．考查数词。句意：在美国，人们用“fall”和“autumn”来形容一年中的第三个季节。the+序数词，表示第几。本句表示第三。故填third。 108．考查名词。句意：这两个词在几个世纪内首次被记录下来。a few修饰名词复数。故填centuries。 109．考查介词。句意：夏季和冬季之间的时期在古英语中被称为“harvest”。在古英语中用介词in。 故填in。 110．考查时态。句意：16世纪，说英语的人开始把寒冷和温暖月份之间的季节称为“落叶”，后来缩写为“fall”。根据“In the 1500s”可知，本句为一般过去时。故填began。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$