广东省广州市花都区邝维煜纪念中学2024-2025学年高一12月月考英语试题

2024-2025学年]维煜纪念中学第一学期12月月考 高一英语学科 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分,共8页,满分为130分。考试用时120分钟。 注意事项: 1、答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考号填写在答题卡和试卷相应的 位置上,并用2B铅笔将自已的考号填涂在答题卡上. 2、选择题每小题选出答案后,并用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑;如器改动,用。 皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案。 3、非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上作答,答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区 域内的相应位置上,超出指定区域的答案无效;如需改动,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答 案:不准使用铅笔和涂改液、涂改带等。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。 4、考生必须保持答题卡的整洁和平整 第二部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分) 第一节(共15小题:每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项 A Gardeners in the northern hemisphere (北半球) are starting to plan their summer gardens. Most are thinking about how their plants and flowers will look in the bright sunshine in the coming summer But when the summer sun goes down in the evening, and you are sitting outside at home, you may not be able to see many flowers in the yard without artificial(人工的) lighting. With some planning, you can plant a"moon garden That is one you can enjoy by the light of the moon. Leaves and flowers both show well in the moonlight Jessica Damiano wrote about gardening for The Associated Press. She said plants with silver or multi-colored leaves, white or light-colored flowers, or flowers that open only at night are good choices for a moon garden. Another way to enjoy plants in the evening is to choose ones with a pleasing smell Make It last longer You can begin the garden early with early bloomers, like the lily of the valley, daffodil and azalea Make the season last longer into the autumn with late bloomers like the chrysanthemum and clematis Good smells make a pleasant garden If you want good smells to fill your yard in the evening, plant the lilac and jasmine. In very warm places, try planting the ylang-ylang and frangipani to fill your evenings with pleasure Group your plants together For the best visual(视觉的) effect, plant the same kind of plant in groups of three, five or seven. That 1 is a good gardening method in general because it avoids creating a disorganized mixture of plants and flowers. It is more important in a moon garden. You do not want your single plant to get lost in the dark 1. What kind of plant is suitable for a moon garden? A. A plant with silver or multi-colored flowers B. A plant with white or light-colored leaves C. A plant with flowers that open aH the time D. A plant with a pleasing smell 2. Why should yot: group your plants? A. To make your moon garden more beautiful B. To make your moon garden more organized. C. To avoid your moon garden being lost in the dark D. To avoid your moon garden being dull in the appearance 3. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A novel. C. A course plan B. A how-to-do book D. An academic article B In a classroom in rural Kenva's Great Rift Valley, a student, Priscilla Sitierei, takes notes alongside her fellow classmates, She wears the same school uniform. However, there is something different Sitienei is more than 80 years older than them. February 11 was Sitienei's ninety-ninth birthday. "The main reason for my returning to school was that I would like to become a doctor because I used to be a midwife(助产士)."she said. She added that her children supported her decision Back in 2oo3, the government of the East African country began helping to pay for the cost of primary schooling. This has allowed some older members of society, who had missed out on education in their younger days, to go-back to school. This has given Sitienei more than an education. She has become a film star. Sitienei travelled to Paris last year for the launch (发布) of a film about her journey. It is titled Gogo, which means "grandmother" in her native Kalenjin language. She will also be heading to New York City soon for a showing of the film there. Sitienei is in her sixth vear of primary school. She said her aims were far more practical than becoming a movie star. She said, "I also enjoy school activities, including physical education classes. They keep me fit. I get to jump around, even though not as much as they do, but I at least move my body. That is my joy." Sitienei shares her wide: experience and knowledge with the children. Her teachers also use her experience to keep the peace during lessons. Her class teacher, Leonida Talaam, said. "I use Sitienei to help control the class. And it works! When I go outside, the class remains silent." 4. What does Sitienei mainly intend to do by going to school? A. Take up a new career. B. Make herself popular. C. Have more classmates D. Returm to society 5. Why did Sitienei go to Paris last year? A. She wanted to meet her grandma B. She wanted to learn the native language C. Her movie would come out there D. Her new journey plan was to be announced 6. Which of the following best describes Sitienei? B. Creative. C. Honest. A. Dependent D. Energetic. 2 7. What does Sitienei help her teachers do? A. Keep order in class. B. Organize school activities C. Stop the students going out D. Inspire the students to work out C Every 4o days a language dies. This: "catastrophic" loss is being intensified by the climate crisis: according to linguists. If nothing is done, conservative estimates suggest that half of all the 7000 languages currently spoken will be extinct by the end of the century. Speakers of minority languages have experienced a long history of persecution (迫 害), with the result that by the 192os half of all indigenous (士 著 的) languages in Australia, the US. South Africa and Argentina were extinct. The climate crisis is now considered the "final nail in the coffin" for many indigenous languages and the knowledge they represent. "Languages are already endangered." says Anastasia Richl, director of the Strathy language unit at Oueen's University in Kingston, Ontario. Huge factors are globalization and migration, as communities move to regions where their language is not spoken or valued, according to Richl. "It seems particularly cruel." she says, "that most of the world's languages are in parts of the world that are growing unpleasant to people." Vanuatu, a South Paeific island nation measuring 12, 189km?, has 110 languages, the highest density (密度) of languages on the planet. It is also one of the countries most at risk of sea level rise, she says. "!. fany small language communities are on islands and coastlines easily subject to hurricanes and sea level rise." Others live on lands where rising temperature threatens traditional farming and fishing practices, leading to migration In response to the crisis, the UN launched the International Decade of Indigenous Languages in 2022 Promoting and conserving languages of indigenous communities is "not only important for them, but for all humanity", said Csaba Korosi, the UN general assembly president, urging countries to allow access to education in indigenous languages 8. What is the writer mainly concerned abou A. The disappearance of languages. B. The challenge of climate change C. The reaction to the language crisis D. The trend of the speedy globalization 9. Why is Vanuatu mentioned in paragraph 3 A. To explain the main reason for language density B. To show the common features of endangered languages C. To stress the impact of geographical position on migration D. To illustrate the situation of minority language communities 10. What does the International Decade of Indigenous Languages aim to do? A. Support migrants to access local education B. Discourage people from massive migration C. Improve the living conditions of minority groups. D. Preserve the languages of indigenous communities 11. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Faced with Disasters: Communities Have to Leave B. Lost for Words: Rising Seas Bring Threat of Catastrophe C. Upset at Extiriction: UN Urges International Cooperation D. Involved in Action: Experts Seek Solutions to Climate Crisis D Machine ethics(伦理学) is a new field of research that aims to develop moral machines. It's, all about creating machines that can make moral decisions based on computer technology. If artificial intelligence (AD is to be used in the context of machine ethics, then similarly one can all it "Artificial Morality" (AM). While AI's goal is to model people's cognitive abilities, AM is about eauipping artificial systems with the ability for moral judgment and action One field of application for moral machines is the care of the elderly. Systems to be used in this-context face moral choices like "should the system monitor the user around the clock and what should be done with the data collected?" It is about the privacy of the user and the care of the relatives, A second example of the need for moral machines is autonomous driving. Of particular difficulty are the moral dilemmas that may be encountered. such as the need to decide whether to sacrifice (牺牲) a small number of lives to save a larger number if unavoidable. It could be argued. however, that it is not the care system or the autonomous car that make a moral choice in these cases, but the programmers of those devices. But as the advances in artificial intelligence become greater, developers are less able to plan and predict what decisions a system will make in a specific situation. For example, AlphaGo Zero, which first knows only the basic rules of the game Go and then finds the optimal decision-making strategies by playing through a large number of games against itself. In no time, this system beat its predecessor AlphaGo, the first artificial system to defeat some of the world's top human Go players. Therefore, it is necessary to develop machines that have a degree of autonomous moral decision-making though the ethical basis of artificial systems is still not clear. Research groups in academia and in the industry should start thinking about the relevance of ethics and safety in AI 12. Which of the following is true about AM? A. It is a moral decision based on technology B. It aims to imitate people's cognitive abilities C. It enables AI to make moral decisions D. It gives advice to human on making decisions 13. How does the writer illustrate the uses of AM? A. By analyzing cause and effect B. By raising questions C. By mentioning its adyantages D. By giving examples 14. What does the writer say about the programmers behind moral machines? A. They are the one virtually in charge of the machines B. They are incapable of predicting decisions of the system C. They are the ones who advance artificial-intelligence D. They can find the best decision-making strategies 15. What is the best title of the passage? A. Can and should machines act morally? B. How and why machines make moral decisions? C. What AM is and how it is influencing us? D. How AM works and where its future lies? 第二节:根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余 选项。(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分) How to Be a Successful High School Student Being a successful high school student requires both patience and power. There may be many distractions (分心事) during teen years. To become a successful student, you have to say"no" to them. It may be hard, but hard work always pays off. 16 Remember that school is important The truth is that school is important. You need it to get into a good college and later get a good career that will support you for the rest of your life. It's important to have fun and have lots of activities, but school should always be your number one work. Never take homework, and tests lightly! Stay organized. Make sure you have everything you need. 18 A notebook can be used to write down some key words. If your binder (活页 夹) starts to get full. put old papers into another binder to keep at home This way you won't have to put them around. but they will be there when studying for tests Make friends. There's too much going on to worry about: who's friends with whom, who the popular people are 19 Be confident and be yourself. Get into the habit of saying "Hi" to people and not being afraid to talk to new classmates. The more comfortable you become with people, the more people wil like yu. It's easy to forget to stay in shape when the work becomes more, so joining a team makes it easier to keep doing exercise. If you're going for all three seasons, that's great, but make sure you're being practical with your time. Try your hardest at both your sport and your schoolwork and you should be more than great A. Make a plan B Take part in a sport. C. The following are some tips you can try D. If your teacher gives lectures, have a-notebook to help you remember E. Try to be yourself and be an excellent student. F. The best thing to do is be friendly to and with everyone. G. Even if you decide not to go to college, school does help a lot sociallv 第二部分语言知识与运用(满分30分) 完形填空(共15小题:每小题1分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 _ 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 It's most people's terrible dream: surviving a plane crash only to be left in a rainforest with no way of contacting the outside world. But this was 21 for four Colombian children, and in an unbelievable 22 of knowledge and willpower, they survived The children, aged 13, nine and four, as well as an 1l-month-old baby, were 23_with their mother. They were going to visit their father in the capital city. Their plane experienced engine problems and 24 on May 1, 2023. For two weeks, bad weather prevented the army from 25_ the crash site. They found three adults there later, including the children's mother, who were already How did these children survive conditions that would be 27 for most adults? They are members of the Huitoto Indigenous (土 著) group and were 28in the rainforest. As such, they have a complete 29_ of the rainforest. They know which fruits are safe to eat and which plants should be 3o_. They survived on a fruit called juan soco and seeds, and fed the baby water mixed with flour that they found on the plane While the 31 got on with the business of surviving, the Colombian army worked with Indigenous volunteers to find them. And after 40 days of _32_, the army found the children and took them to recover at a military hospital in the city of Bogota Many around the world have taken this survival story to be a 33_, while others point out that it is the result of an ancient and thorough knowledge of the _34__ that has been passed down through Indigenous communities over the generations Indigenous groups have a deep respect for the forest and, 35, their close connection to the rainforest helped the children to survive 21.A.hope C. punishment B. responsibility D. reality B. report 22.A. story C. place D. celebratior B. flying C. exploring 3.A. playing D. resting C. took off B. speedup 24.A. disappeared D.circled 25.A. recording B. choosing C. finding D. rebuilding C. tired 26.A.dead B.late D. asleep B. favorable C. unreasonable 27.A.normal D. unimaginable B. caught. C.protected 28.A. raised D. lost B.map C. knowledge 29.A. control D. view C. planted B. avoided 30. A. studied D. sold B. media C. government 31.A.villagers D. children 32.A.waiting C. recovery B. searching D. practice B. secret C. wonder 33.A.joke D. challenge B. forest 34.A.world C. village D. tradition 35. A. surprisingly B. possibly C. undoubtedly D. unavoidably 第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分) 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Football, also called soccer, is 36(actual) bne of the world's most popular team sports. It is played by people of all ages in more than 2oo countries. __nobody really knows when people began to play football, historians think that some form of the game was first played in ancient cultures like China, Egypt, or Rome. Modern football, however, 38(start) in England. In 1863, the Football Association _3_(found) in England and the first set of rules were made. By the end of the 19th century, the game __40 _(spread) throughout the rest of the world. A football team is made up of 10 field players and a goalkeeper. The goalkeeper is the only one can touch the ball with his hands. It is his job to keep the ball from 42 (gety into his goal. Defenders (防守队员)play in front of the goalkeeper. They must stop the other team 43__scoringa goal. During the match,each team tries to score as many goals as possible. The 44(bigy tootball event in the world is the World Cup. Every four years, national 15(team will gather their best players and compete for the top prize 第三部分:写作(满分50分) 第一节:单词拼写(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分;根据括号内所给中文,写出正确形式的 单词:必须用Book1所学的单词) 46. The (损失) caused by the earthquake added to the difficulties of the local government 47. Unfortunately, only a few people (辛存) in that terrible accident 48. 48.The film is a great success and is popular with the__ (观众)of different ages 49. As the old saying goes._ (失败) is the mother of success 50. Ihave lost (联系) with most of my school friends. 51. One of the k战) he has accepted is to swim across the river 52. You had better allow (额外的) time for your journey 53. Many animal protectors don't like the idea of doing (实验)on animals 54. Try to have a positive __ 态度) to everything and stop complaining 55. Yao Ming is (视为, 看待) as one of the greatest athletes in China. 第二节翻译句子(共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分;使用括号内指定的词或语法进行翻译) 56. 幸存者目击之处无一不是废墟。 57. 我正在和三个孩子一起吃早餐,这时水就开始涌进我的家里来。 58. 我无法在脑子里记住所有的生词,当然也就记不住如何恰当地使用这些词汇。 59. 即使在今天,不论住在哪里,也不论说何种方言,中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。 60. 仿佛世界末日即将来临! 第三节书面表达(满分25分) 学校英文报组织同学们分享自已在英语学习上的心得体会,请你以“HowtoImproveOu ReadingAbility”为题写一篇短文投稿 内容包括:1、阅读的重要性: 2、提出一些阅读的建议。 注意:1、词数100左右 2、可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 xre How to Improve Our Reading Ability