寒假班语法专题之比较级最高级 2024-2025学年人教版八年级英语下册

Do nothing by halves. 凡事不可半途而废。 By Miss Xu 任课教师 徐老师 学生姓名 形容词副词的比较级与最高级 课前小测: 1 You have just read the newspaper. Did you find ______in it? A interesting anything B anything interesting C interesting something 2 Yan Jiashuo, a ________ girl, has won the prize of International Master of Memory. A ten- year-old B ten- years-old C ten years old 3 I can’t believe it. Tony has invented a tree-planting machine. ---Really? He is so _________ A shy B rude C creative D friendly 4 Tom fell off his bike, and his hand was hurt _________. A quietly B carefully C badly D slowly 5 I __________ ride a bike to school. But this morning, I walked to school. A never B hardly C seldom D usually 6 The dining hall is ________ to hold 300 people. A enough big B enough small C small enough D big enough 7 Although he listened to the old man ________, he could ______ understand his words A patiently; hardly B patient; hard C. patiently; hard D patient; hardly 8 The train travelled _______ fast for us to see much outside the window A quite B very C too D so 9. How often do you go skating? ---- ________. I can't skate at all. A. Always B sometimes C Seldom D Never 10 I live in a(n) _______neighborhood. Many people and cars come and go very often. A quiet B empty C noisy D lonely Part one grammar （一） 构成： 1. 规则变化：（略） 2. 不规则变化：（多少；好坏；远老） 原级 比较级 最高级 good/well better best much/many more most bad/badly/ill worse worst little less least far farther/further farthest/furthest old older oldest elder eldest  写出下列形容词与副词的比较级与最高级形式：   long__________  __________  wide _________  ________  fat ________  _________  heavy__________  ___________ slow __________  __________  few_______  _____  bably ________  _________ far__________  __________  happy________  __________  unhappy________  ___________ cheap_________ ___________  clean________ ______ cold_____________ __________  lazy_________ __________ hungry_________ ________ clever___________ _______________ difficult________________ _______________ (二）形容词和副词的原级 （1）very/ too/enough/so/quite等一般修饰原级。 (2)as+原级+as : “----和---一样” He runs as fast as me. I am as tall as Li Mei. 拓展：如果第一个as后的形容词作定语修饰名词，应将该名词及有关修饰语全列在第一个as之后。 Eg: I don’t have as many friends as you do. (3) not as/so+原级+as : “----和---不一样” He doesn’t speak English as well as me. Eg: Mike doesn’t walk as/so fast as Ann. (4) 倍数+ as+原级+as : Our school is three times as big as yours. 即学即练 1. ---How are you getting along with your English study? ---Much better. I don’t feel it was as as before. A. interesting B. much C. difficult D. easy （三）形容词和副词的比较级 (1)两个事物对比，用than连接(I’m older than him. Tom runs faster than I ) (2)much/even/a little/a lot/still/a bit//数词+比较级 (3) the+比较级, the+比较级: 越…， 越…(the more, the better) (4)比较级+and+比较级: 越来越 warmer and warmer more and more carefully (5)the+比较级+of the two表示两个中比较…的一个 (6)less than:“---不如---” (7) 注：比较级+than+any other +单数名词(在同一范围内比较) 比较级+than+any +单数名词（不在同一范围内比较） China is larger than any other country in Asia. China is larger than the other countries in Asia. China is larger than any country in Africa. 即学即练 1. ---It’s cold today. I can’t stand it. I hope tomorrow won’t be so __________. ---I can’t, either. But the radio says it will be even ___________ tomorrow. A. cold, cold B. cold, colder C. colder, colder D. colder, coldest 2. —The stuntman is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane. —What?! I've never heard of idea before. A. a crazier B. the crazier C. a craziest D. the craziest 3. Emma looked after her pet dog ______ of all her friends. A. careful B. most careful C. more carefully D. the most carefully 4．——Lin Danwon the badminton game again. ——Yes. I think no one can do than him. A．well B．better C．best （四）．形容词和副词的最高级： 1. (1) 最高级：用于三者以上的比较，表示在某一范围的某类人或物“最。。。。。” 结构： the +最高级+ in/of /among/of all 例如：（1）：You are the tallest student in /of /among the class. (2): I am the youngest student in /of /among the family. (2)one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词： “最…之一” Beijng is one of the biggest cities in China. (3)the+序数词+形容词最高级+单数名词:“第几大/长/高-----” The Changjiang River is the first longest river in our country. 注意：形容词最高级前面一定加the;副词的最高级前面the可要也可 eg: Jin did worst of all., Who jumped the highest, Li Lei, Wu Peng or Zhang Jun Part two 针对性练习 一、用所给词的正确形式填空：   1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy  ____________ (clever).   2. Gold is ___________ (little) useful than iron(铁).   3. My sister is two years _______ (old ) than I.   4. John’s parents have four daughters, and she is the __________ (young) child.   5. The ___________ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones.   7. The boy is not so ______ (interesting) as his brother.   8. Dick sings _________ (well), she sings ________(well) than John, but Mary sings______(well) in her class.   9. She will be much _________ (happy) in her mew house.   10. The earth is________, the sun is_________than the earth. But the universe is the_____ . (big) 11.Caroline’s mother is very _________ . Jane’s mother is_________than Caroline’s. But Mary’s mother is the________of the three mothers. (fat)  12.Which is___________ (heavy), this box or that one?  13.How________(tall) is Sally?   --She’s 1.55 meters __________ (tall). What about Xiao ling? -- She’s only 1.40 meters _______ (tall). She is much______ (short)  than Sally. She is also the ____  (short) girl in the class. 二，单项选择 1. Li Hua studies English very _____and her English is _____in her class. A. careful, good B. carefully, well C. careful, best D. carefully, the best 2.Li Kai jumped_______in the long jump. He won the game! A．farthest B. highest C. longest 3.—What do you think of the dress? —Wonderful. I don't think I can find a_____ one. A. good B. better C. bad D. worst 4.Of all the subjects, chemistry seems to be for me. A. difficult B. too difficult C. more difficult D. the most difficult 5..For a foreigner like me, the more I learn about Chinese history, ＿＿＿I enjoy living in China. A. the better B. the more C. the best 6.—Do you like the film? —Yes, I do. In fact, I’ve never seen a _________ one. A. good B. better C. worse D. bad 7.Do you think math is _____ than English? A. difficult B. as difficult C. more difficult D. most difficult 8.---How is your father feeling today? ——Much _______. He can’t go to work today. A. bad B. worse C. better 9.Mum, this T-shirt is too small. Would you buy me a one? A. nice B. large C. nicer D. larger 10.【四川成都】— scientific attitude is needed in developing our city. — I agree with you. In this way, we can make mistakes. A. Fewer; less B. Less; more C. More; fewer 11.I’m very proud of that Beijing is one of ______ cities in the world. A. big B. bigger C. biggest D. the biggest 12.—Now, people’s life in Hengyang is than before. —Yes. Many people have their own cars. A. much better B. less better C. more better 13.—Is Lucy or Lily the __________of the twins?     —Lucy. She was born half an hour earlier. A．younger B. youngest C. elder D. eldest 14.Sam and Bill are brothers. But Sam is _than Bill. A. tall B. tallest C. the tallest D. taller 15.—The bread is delicious. —It must taste ＿＿＿ with some jam in it. A. good B. well C. better D. best 16.They have just cleaned the windows, so the room looks ______. A. brightest B. least bright C. less bright D. much brighter 17.Dear students, please read every sentence carefully. The more _____ you are, the______ mistakes you'll make. A. carefully; fewer B. careful; less C. careful; fewer 18. Funtawild Adventure is very popular and ______ tourists visit it year by year. A. more and more B. fewer and fewer C. less and less D. more or less 19.Nanjing isn’t so large __________ Shanghai, however, it’s the second __________ city in East China. A. like; largest B. as; largest C. like; large D. as; large 20. —Steve is good at writing short stories. — So he is. But he writes _______ than us. So he can’t get good grades in writing. A. most carefully B. more carefully C. less carefully D. least carefully 三，改错 每一句有一处错误。 1. Lesson 9 is more easier than Lesson 10. 2. My mother is younger than your. 3. He is one of longest boys in his class. 4. The boy doesn’t draw much well. 5. Betty is the youngest on the three girls. 6. Tom runs faster than any other girls in his class. 7. There is fewer bread in the fridge. 8. Mother is the busiest of my family. 9. Jim is shorter of the two boys. 10. You can jump very higher on the moon than on the earth. 1 much 2 yours 3lonest前加 the 4 better 5 of/among 6 boys 7 less 8 one 9 shorer前加the 10 much Part three 综合能力提升 一，完形填空 1—5 CABBC 6—10 ACCAB Recently, I felt like I tea reached a very low point in life, My relationships weren't good, I wasn't enjoying my classes and I felt like I had nothing to 1_________. My life seemed to be full of endless homework, tests and loneliness Nothing anyone said seemed 2_______ to me. I wasn’t sure what to do about myself. All I want was to be happy again, but I didn't know who or what would 3_______ that. During these days. I had trouble sleeping. I had to take sleeping pills but still woke up in the midnight. I had no 4_____ but lo tell my dad. He 5_______ the book The Secret to me. I immediately bought the e-book online and read the whole thing that night. I'm 6_____ quite a stubborn顽固的) person,, but the 7_______ on my feelings after finishing the book was obvious( 明显的 ). Suddenly, I fell like life was beautiful again. I had never felt such a deep and quick 8_____ in my life before. In fact, the books message was very simple--- think positively( 积极地). The book had many success stories about how people were able to 9_______ wealth, lovers and old friends back into their lives, I started learning to thank everything in my life like them. Little by little, I realized that The Secret could only work10_____ I believed these people's success stories. Now I'm sure l can bring myself happiness. )1 A take care of B come up with C look forward to )2 A helpful B colorful C peaceful )3 A serve B offer C, answer )4 A problem B idea C, need )5 A borrowed B collected C introduced )6 A normally B mainly C, finally )7 A education B opinion C influence )8 A breath B notice C, change )9A bring B control C, imagine )10 A until B when C unless 二，阅读理解 CBBAC Some people think they have an answer to the problems of heavy traffic and pollution in large cities. Their answer is the bicycle, or "bike". In many cities, hundreds of people ride bicycles to work everyday. In New York City, some bike riders have even formed a group called Bike for a Better City. They say that if more people ride bikes to work, there will be fewer cars in the city and therefore less dirty air from cars. For several years this group has been trying to get the city government to help bike riders. For example, they want the city to paint special lanes( 车道) for bikes only-on some of the main streets, because when bike riders must use the same lanes as cars, there may be accidents. Bike for a Better City feels that if there were special lanes, more people would use bikes. But no bike lanes have been painted yet, Not everyone thinks they are a good idea. Taxi drivers don't like the idea-they say it will slow traffic. Some store owners on the main streets don't like the idea ---they say that if there is less traffic, they will have less business. The city government has not yet decided what to do. It wants to keep everyone happy. On weekends, Central Park--the largest open space in New York is closed to cars and the roads may be used by bikes only. But Bike for a Better City says that this is not enough and keeps working hard to get bike lanes m the city. Until that happens, the safest place to bike may be in the park. 1.( ) From the passage, Bike for a Better City wants the government to _______for bike riders. A build more lanes B provide free bikes C. paint special lanes 2( ) Why do some store owners on the main streets disagree with Bike for a Better City? A. They believe that there will be more accidents. B. They are afraid that they will have less business. C. They don't think they will use bikes 3( ). From the passage, the city government______________. A. has agreed to paint special lanes for bike riders B. hasn't decided to paint special lanes for bike riders C, will only allow bikes to use the roads on weekdays 4( ). Bike for a Better City is going to _____________________. A go on working hard to get bike lanes B. ride bikes in Central Park on weekdays C. pant the special lanes by themselves 5( ). Why does the group want people to ride bikes? A To get special attention from the public B To have fun by riding bikes in New York City C To solve the problems of heavy traffic and pollution Part four B卷 I.短文填空 beside loud soft think so though argue answer happen say shout learn A wise man was visiting a village with his students. The students always expected 1________ a lot from their teacher. The wise man found a group of family members 2________ in anger at each other. He turned to his students and asked, "Why do people shout in anger at each other?" His students 3_________ for a while, and one of them said, “because when we lose our calm, we shout.” “But, why should you shout when the other person is just 4________ beside you? You can just as well tell him what you have to say in a soft manner.” Students gave some other 5_________ but none were any good. When two people are angry at each other, their hearts became distant(疏远的),” the wise man explained. “To cover the distance they must shout to be able to hear each other. The angrier they are, the 6________ they will have to shout to hear each other. “What 7________ when two people fall in love? They don't shout at each other but talk 8________ because their hearts are very close.” The wise man said. He looked at his students and said, "So when you have an 9_________, do not let your hearts get distant. Stop 10________ wards that distance you from others. Otherwise, there will come a day when the distance is so great that you will not find the way back. 1 to learn 2 shouting 3 thought 4 beside 5 answers 6 louder 7 happens 8 softly 9 argument 10 saying II， 6选5 Sylvan Goldman, an American supermarket owner, invented the shopping trolley(购物车) in the 1930s. Why did he want to invent such a thing? 1_____________. 2.___________. He put one basket on the seat, and he raised the chair by putting wheels under the legs. So people could shop with them. 3___________. Many shoppers wouldn't like to use the trolleys, because they were afraid they might not be able to control them. However, Goldman didn't give up his idea because he knew that people could be easily influenced. He tried again, and this time his ideas seemed to work. 4________, Their trolleys were full of goods(商品). 5__________. What they did not know was that they were cheated, Goldman paid those people they saw to act as shoppers happily pushing full trolleys. A. Others, after seeing them began to believe that the trolleys were safe after all. B. To create the first trolleys, Goldman used folding chairs C. But he was disappointed to find that business did not improve D. Crowds of people were seen coming from his supermarket with trolleys E. The reasons were not just to help shoppers carry their shopping, but also to encourage them to buy more F. You can't imagine how much time he spent on improving his shopping trolley EBCDA Homework I 单项选择 ( )1. Please read every sentence . The more you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make. A. carefully, carefully B. careful, careful C. carefully, careful ( )2.. ---I have three English dictionaries. ---I have nine. I have three times you. A. as much as B. as many as C. as little as D. less than ( )3. ________, the worse I seem to be. A. The more medicine I take B. More medicine I take C. When I take much more medicine D. Taking more medicine ( )4 . Bob never does his homework _________ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes. A. so careful as B. as carefully as C. carefully as D. as careful as ( )5. China has a larger population than ________ in the world. A. all the countries B. every country C. any country D. any other country ( )6. This box is___ that one.   A. heavy than    B. so heavy than   C. heavier as     D. as heavy as ( )7. How time flies!  --Yes, she looks______ than before.  A. the more older       B. very older       C. much older           D. more older ( )8. It looks like that he is as ______ as you.  --Oh, no. He is _______ than I.  A. tall, a little tall             B. taller, a little tall  C. tall, a little taller            D. taller, a little taller ( )9. Her brother is _______ than she.     A. seven year older          B. seven year older      C. seven years old            D. seven years older ( )10.This pencil is___ than that one.   A. longest   B. long   C. longer   D. as  long  ( )11. My mother is no ___ young.   A. shorter   B. longer   C. little   D. few ( )12.These children are ____ this year than they were last year.   A. more tall   B. more taller   C. very taller   D. much taller  ( )13. It was very hot yesterday, but it is___ today.   A. even hotter    B. more hotter   C. much more hot     D. much hot  ( )14. Do you always get up as________as you brother?  --Not always.  A. earliest          B. earlier          C. the earliest          D. early II. 阅读填表。根据短文内容，补全表格中的信息。 If you want to be happy every day, you must communicate with others. How many people do you communicate with in a day? Probably a lot more than you did years ago. Now we can “talk” to people in many ways, not just face to face or on the phone, but also through the Internet. It is very important for everyone to try and improve their communication skills, so let’s remember the four gold rules of good communication. First, be as clear as you can(尽可能清楚).Misunderstanding (误解)happens if we do not say clearly what we mean. Second, we have to work hard at listening. Pay attention to(关注）what the other person is saying. Third , ask other people what they think. Fourth, give them time to say what they want, and show an interest in what they say. If you follow these rules, you will be a good communicator(交流者). The passage is about 1._________________________________ 2.____________of communication 1) Face to face 2)3.____________________ 3)Through the Internet The four gold 4._____________ of communication 1) Be clear as you can. 2)Pay attention to what the other person is saying. 3)5.____________________________ 4) Give them time to say what they want. 1. how to improve the communication skills 2 ways 3 on the phone 4 rules 5 ask other people what they think Do nothing by halves. 凡事不可半途而废。 By Miss Xu 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$