专题5 代词-【一战成名新中考】2025江西中考英语·一轮复习·教材精讲练(讲册)

2025-01-23
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教材精讲练·江西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 专题五  代 词 命题点 1  人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 (必考:1-2 道) 【考情概述】 完形填空 A)中共考查 9 次人称代词辨析(仅 21 年未考);完形填空 B)中共考查 3 次,涉及变形。 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词一览表     类别 人称    人称代词 物主代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性 反身代词 第一 人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二 人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三 人称 单数 复数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself it it its its itself they them their theirs themselves 考点精讲 考点 1  辨人称(10 年 9 考) 在完形 A)中,代词考查辨人称,即选项为不同人称的同一形式,需要根据题干中的提示词或已 给出的人称来判断空格处相应的人称。 其中第一、二人称比较容易判断,第三人称的区分可参考以 下方法: (1)若所填空指代的是题干中的 mother, aunt, sister, Miss 等代表女性的名词或 Lily, Lucy 等女性名 时, 应用与 she 相关的词[she, her(2022.34), hers, herself]。 (2)若所填空指代的是题干中的 father, uncle, brother, Mr 等代表男性的名词或 Jack, Tom 等男性名 时,应用与 he 相关的词[he, him, his, himself(2024.36)]。 (3)指代 the book, a dog, this flower, friendship 等表示某个物品、某个动植物或抽象概念的名词,应 用与 it 相关的词[it(2 次), its, itself]。 (4)若所填空指代的是题干中的 some people, a group of students 等复数名词时,应用与 they 相关的 词[they(3 次), them(2 次), their, theirs, themselves]。 考点 2  辨形式(10 年 3 考) 在完形 B)中,代词考查辨形式,即选项为同一人称的不同形式。 解答此类试题的关键在于分析 空格处在句中作什么成分。 (1)如作主语,需用人称代词的主格或名词性物主代词。 (2)如作宾语,需用人称代词宾格、名词性物主代词或反身代词。 (3)如作表语,需用人称代词宾格、名词性物主代词或反身代词。 (4)如作定语,需用形容词性物主代词。 031 教材精讲练·江西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 1. 人称代词的用法 类别 位置 例句 主格 用在动词 /系动词 /情态动词之前 Today they are still not sure if there is life on Mars.(作主语) 宾格 用在动词 /介词之后 My mother will take me to the park.(作宾语) Let􀆳s go and look for him.(作宾语) 用在系动词之后 The boy in the picture is me.(作表语) 2. 物主代词的用法 类别 位置 例句 形容词性 物主代词 用在名词之前 The children go inside the bus for their science lessons.(作定语) 名词性物 主代词 用在动词 /系动词之前 That􀆳s her eraser. Mine is on the desk.(作主语) 用在动词 /介词之后 I left my dictionary at home. Can you lend yours to me? (作宾语) 用在系动词之后 This pencil is his.(作表语) 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂􀤂 􀤂 􀦂 􀦂 􀦂􀦂 物主代词不能和 this, that, some, a, an, the 等词连用。 3. 反身代词的用法 用法 例句 用在动词 /介词之后 The little girl can􀆳t dress herself.(作宾语) Charles said to himself, “I must work hard.”(作宾语) 用在系动词之后 The boy in the story was myself.(作表语) 用在名词 /代词之后或句末 The boy / He himself finished the task. = The boy / He finished the task himself.(作同位语) 考点自测 一、完形填空 A) To help people understand how to behave towards others, Confucius taught five virtues (道 德) accepted by all Chinese.   1   are ren (kindness, charity), yi( fairness), li( ceremony, tradition ), zhi ( knowledge ), and xin ( trust ) . Another virtue is xiao. Xiao is the duty a person has to their parents. It means loving, respecting, obeying, and taking care of one􀆳s parents in   2  old age. Xiao forms the base of a peaceful society. And it is the final goal according to Confucius􀆳 thought. It means social peace. Here􀆳s one of his famous sayings, “Do not do to others as   3  do not wish to be done to you.” Another saying of his is “ In the company of two others, I can always find one worthy of being   4  teacher.” It is clear that   5  thought will continue to be a necessary part of Chinese culture. And   6  will continue to do something good to the development of China and even the whole world. ( B )1. A. He B. They C. You D. I ( C )2. A. her B. our C. their D. its ( A )3. A. you B. I C. he D. we ( B )4. A. their B. my 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 131 教材精讲练·江西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 C. your D. his ( A )5. A. his B. your C. their D. her ( C )6. A. he B. they C. it D. she 二、完形填空 B) ours its ourselves they my them I their our     We have lots of after-school activities. For example, we take school trips every school year. Last month, 1.         classmates and I visited one of the most famous museums in Shanghai, the Minhang Museum. As I stepped into the museum, I felt a sense of excitement. When 2.         went into the main hall, I saw many pieces of ancient pottery(陶器) on show. These ancient treasures had lovely designs in different colors. If you looked at 3.         closely, you could even read interesting stories from the patterns(图案) on some of 4.         surfaces! I had a chance to have a look at some traditional instruments in another hall. 5.         were quite different from modern instruments. I noticed that these instruments were of different sizes, big and small. In addition, there were different patterns like orchids (兰花), bamboo, and many other pictures that stand for good meanings in 6.         traditional culture. My classmates and I enjoyed 7.         this time. Many foreigners come here, too. The museum is like a bridge which connects Western culture with 8.         . It shows people 9.         great magic. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 命题点 2  不定代词 (10 年 4 考) 【考情概述】 不定代词分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。 其中普通不定代词在完形填空 B)中考查(2 次); 复合不定代词在单项填空和完形填空 A)中考查(2 次),选项为:①普通不定代词和复合不定代词的 混合辨析;②复合不定代词辨析。 考点精讲 考点 1  普通不定代词 1. other, others, the other, the others 与 another 代词 含义及用法 固定搭配 other 意为“其他的”, 只作定语, 表泛指, 后接 可数名词复数 any other 其他任何一个……, 后接可数名词单数 each other = one another 互相 others( = other+可数 名词复数) 泛指其他的人或物, 表示在一定范围内(三 者或三者以上)除去一部分后的其他一些, 但不是剩余的全部, 其后不接名词 some􀆺 others􀆺 一些……, 另一些…… the other 特指两者中的另一个, 其后可以接名词, 也可以不接名词 one􀆺 the other􀆺 一个……, 另一个…… the others 特指在一定范围内(三者或三者以上)除去一 部分后其余所有的人或物, 其后不接名词 some􀆺 the others􀆺 一些……, 另一些…… another (2 次) 意为“再一个, 另一个”, 泛指三者或三者 以上中的另一个, 后接可数名词 another+数词+名词=数词+more+名词 231 教材精讲练·江西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 2. both, either, neither, all 与 none 代词 含义 用法 both 两者都 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数;“both􀆺 and􀆺 ……和……都”,连接并列 结构作主语时, 谓语动词用复数 either (两者中的)任意一个 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数;“either􀆺 or􀆺 要么……要么……;或者 ……或者……”, 连接并列结构作主语时, 谓语动词遵循“就近原则” neither (两者)都不 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数;“neither􀆺 nor􀆺 ……和……都不”, 连接 并列结构作主语时, 谓语动词遵循“就近原则” all (三者或三者以上)都 表示全部肯定, 作主语时, 若 all 强调个体, 谓语动词用复数;若 all 强 调整体, 谓语动词用单数 none (三者或三者以上)都 不 表示全部否定, 作主语时, 谓语动词的单复数由它所修饰或指代的名 词的单复数决定 3. a little, little, a few与 few 肯定意义 否定意义 所跟名词 a little 一点儿 little 几乎没有 (a) little+不可数名词 a few 一些,几个 few 几乎没有 (a) few+可数名词复数 4. many 与 much 代词 相同点 不同点 many much 都意为“许多”, 可单独使用, 也可跟 of 短语, 也可与表示程 度的副词 so 或 too 连用 修饰或指代可数名词复数 修饰或指代不可数名词 5. some 与 any 代词 相同点 不同点 some any 都意为“一些”, 修饰或指代可数名 词复数或不可数名词;可单独使用, 也可跟 of 短语 一般用于肯定句中, 也可用于表建议或请求的疑问句中, 表示说话人希望得到对方的肯定回答 多用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中, 用于肯定句时, 表示 “任何(一个 /一些)” 6. every 与 each 代词 every each 不同点 修饰名词单数, 不可单独使用 既可修饰名词单数,也可单独使用 指三者或三者以上的人或事物中的“每一个” 指两者或两者以上的人或事物中的“每一个” 后不可跟 of 短语 后可跟 of 短语 相同点 “every / each+名词单数”作主语时, 谓语动词要用单数形式 考点 2  复合不定代词 1. 常见复合不定代词的含义             词缀 词根            -one / -body(指人) -thing(指物) some-(肯定) someone / somebody 某人 something 某事, 某物(2016.37) any-(否定 /肯定) anyone / anybody 任何人 anything 任何事 every-(肯定) everyone / everybody 每个人 everything 每件事, 一切 no-(否定) no one / nobody 没有人(2015.26) nothing 什么都没有 331 教材精讲练·江西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 2. 常见复合不定代词的用法 (1)由 some-和 any-构成的复合不定代词, 其区别同 some 和 any。 someone, somebody, something 通常用于肯定句;anyone, anybody, anything 通常用于否定句、疑问句或条件状语从句。 (2)当形容词或 else 修饰复合不定代词时, 形容词或 else 必须放在复合不定代词之后。 如: There is something interesting in the book. (3)复合不定代词可作主语、宾语和表语, 不能作定语。 作主语时, 谓语动词通常用单数。 如: Somebody is talking in the empty house. (4)somebody 还可译为“大人物;重要人物”;nobody 还可译为“小人物;无名小卒”。 如: I􀆳d like to be somebody. 考点自测 一、单项填空 1. (2024武汉)—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays. —Yeah, that􀆳s because         can give people a big laugh. A. all B. none C. both D. neither 2. (2024 吉林改编)Running is getting popular. It is good for our health and it costs         . A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something 3. ( 2024 牡丹江改编)—Who cooked the hot dry noodles for you? They􀆳re delicious. —        . I learned to cook them by myself on the Internet. A. Everybody B. Somebody C. Nobody D. Anybody 4. —Would you like         pies, Lucy? —No, thanks. I􀆳m full. A. some B. any C. much D. many 5. —Have you got the tickets for the concert tonight? —No. There are some left, but         is for tonight. A. either B. neither C. both D. none 6. —Which of the two T-shirts would you like to choose? —Both. Then I can give one to my brother and leave         to myself. A. another B. the other C. other D. others 7. —There used to be lots of fish in the lake in our neighborhood. —Very         now. The nearby factories often put the waste into the river. A. few B. fewer C. little D. less 8. —There are mainly six kinds of tea in China. Which is your favorite? —Green tea, I guess. I􀆳ve tried black tea, green tea and so on, and         of them have their special tastes. A. all B. both C. none D. neither 二、完形填空 B)基础练 either  both  each  another  neither 1. In the labor education class, the students planted trees on         sides of the main road. 2. Here are two books about Chinese silk culture. You􀆳re free to take         of them and leave one for me. 3. In the Chinese lunar calendar, there are 12 animal signs and         of them stands for a lunar year. 4. I tried to buy the dictionary in two bookstores, but         of them had it. 5. Some animals move from one place to         at certain time of the year. 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 431 教材精讲练·江西英语 语 法 专 题 精 讲 练 命题点 3  指示代词 (2019.53) 考点精讲 1. 常见指示代词的用法 代词 用法 例句 this (复数是 these) (2019.53) 指代时间或空间上离说话人较近的人或物 This is my cousin, Bob. 指代下文将要提到的人或物。 当指代的人 或物为单数时用 this,为复数时用 these Please remember this: No pains, no gains. 在电话用语中, 常用 this 介绍自己是谁 This is Amy speaking. that (复数是 those) 指代时间或空间上离说话人较远的人或物 当指代的人或物为单数时用 that,为复数时 用 those Those children are playing a game under the tree. 常用于比较级结构中,代替前面提到的名词 当前面的名词为可数名词单数或不可数名 词时用 that,为可数名词复数时用 those ①The water in the cup is hotter than that in the cup. ②The values of today􀆳s young people are different from those of their parents. 在电话用语中,常用 that 询问对方是谁 Who􀆳s that? 2. 常考易混代词辨析 it 和 one 不是指示代词, 但是经常和 this, that 在一起考查, 所以也应掌握其用法。 代词 用法 例句 it 指代与上文提到的对象是同一事物(同类同物) I put my dictionary on my desk, but today it is gone. one 泛指上文提及的同类事物中的一个(同类异 物),其复数形式为 ones I don􀆳t like this pen. Could you show me a better one? 考点自测 this  those  it  that  one  these 1. The traffic in this city is a little heavier than         in my hometown. 2. I find         necessary to learn about the customs of a country before you go there. 3. —Peter,         is my brother John and         are my sisters Rose and Tina. —Hello! Nice to meet you all. 4. Sunshine, beaches, coconuts(椰子)—        are why people usually go to Hainan. 5. As for English learning, students who read a lot can do much better than         who don􀆳t. 6. —Molly, my pencil has gone and I can􀆳t find         anywhere. —I have many pencils in my pencil box. Just take         . 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 531 参考答案·江西英语 教 材 精 讲 练 10. B  11. C  12. A 二、1. allowed  2. came  3. join  4. wished  5. save 6. dressed  7. know  8. helped  9. fought  10. return  11. were 命题点 4  动词的语态 考点自测 1. A  2. D  3. A  4. D  5. D  6. C  7. C  8. A  9. D  10. D  11. A 命题点 5  非谓语动词  考点自测 Passage 1  1. to have  2. lifting  3. to check  4. doing 5. To test  6. to take  7. sending  8. to control  9. to find 10. staying  11. share Passage 2  1. to take  2. prepared  3. to act  4. to improve 5. get  6. to sing  7. to perform  8. practicing  9. to watch 10. to smile  11. learn 专项提升  用动词的适当形式填空 考点自测 Passage 1  1. get  2. comes  3. to discover  4. love 5. prepare  6. to express  7. bring  8. forget  9. cheered  10. achieve  11. expect Passage 2  1. to see  2. asked  3. said  4. worked 5. handed  6. live  7. build  8. try  9. caused  10. have  11. made Passage 3  1. comes  2. wanted  3. to bring  4. was 5. passed  6. flew  7. to run  8. happened  9. met 10. carries  11. to show 专题三  形容词和副词 命题点 1  形容词、副词的词义辨析 考点自测 一、1. D  2. B  3. D  4. B  5. C  6. B  7. A  8. B  9. C 10. C  11. C  12. C  13. C  14. C 二、1. B  2. A  3. B  4. B  5. D  6. A  7. A  8. C  9. A 10. C  11. B  12. C  13. B  14. D  15. A 命题点 2  形容词、副词的比较等级 考点自测 1. C  2. C  3. B  4. B  5. C  6. B  7. A  8. A  9. B  10. B  11. B  12. D  13. D  14. A  15. B 专项提升  用形容词、副词的适当形式填空 考点自测 Passage 1  1. special   2. old  3. Chinese  4. youngest   5. usually  6. crowded   7. different   8. alone   9. even   10. together  11. warm  Passage 2  1. easy  2. soon  3. dirty  4. tired  5. enough 6. good  7. little  8. full  9. pleased  10. great 11. healthier  专题四  连词 考点自测 一、1. C  2. A  3. B  4. B  5. C  6. D  7. A  8. D  9. D 10. D  11. D  12. B  13. D  14. B  二、1. because  2. When  3. but  4. so  5. Though 专题五  代词 命题点 1  人称代词、物主代词和反身代词 考点自测 一、1. B  2. C  3. A  4. B  5. A  6. C    二、1. my  2. I  3. them  4. their  5. They  6. our 7. ourselves  8. ours  9. its 命题点 2  不定代词 考点自测 一、1. C  2. A  3. C  4. A  5. D  6. B  7. A  8. A  二、1. both  2. either  3. each  4. neither  5. another 命题点 3  指示代词 考点自测 1. that  2. it  3. this;these  4. These  5. those 6. it;one  专题六  数词 考点自测 一、1. A  2. B  3. A  4. A  5. D 二、1. twice  2. eighth  3. millions  4. forties 专题七  介词 考点自测 一、1. C  2. B  3. C  4. A  5. A  6. A  7. B  8. C  9. A 10. C  11. C  12. B  13. B  14. C  15. C 二、1. on  2. for  3. into  4. of  5. to  6. from  7. as 8. in  9. about  10. by  11. without 专题八  冠词 考点自测 1. A  2. A  3. B  4. C  5. C  6. C  7. D  8. D 专题九  句子种类和简单句 考点自测 一、1. A  2. A  3. C  4. D  5. A  6. D  7. B 二、1. Look  2. use  3. throw  三、1. was  2. are  3. to be  4. is  5. be 专题十  主从复合句 考点自测 一、1. C  2. C  3. B  4. C  5. A  6. A  7. A  8. C  9. C 10. A  11. C  12. B 二、1. that  2. when  3. because  4. what  5. how  6. who 7. If 专题十一  主谓一致 考点自测 1. falls  2. things  3. forget  4. means  5. changes 6. friends  7. realize   8. think   9. relationships   10. is   11. sees  􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 􀪋 42

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专题5 代词-【一战成名新中考】2025江西中考英语·一轮复习·教材精讲练(讲册)
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专题5 代词-【一战成名新中考】2025江西中考英语·一轮复习·教材精讲练(讲册)
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专题5 代词-【一战成名新中考】2025江西中考英语·一轮复习·教材精讲练(讲册)
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