专题11 主动和被动语态及主动表被动的用法 -【寒假分层作业】2025年九年级英语寒假培优练（冀教版）

专题11 主动和被动语态及主动表被动的用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（2大考点） 考点一 主动和被动语态的用法 考点二 主动语态表被动意义的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 主动和被动语态的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句,谓语动词为被动语态的句子叫被动句。同一件事情往往可以通过主动句或被动句来表达,侧重点虽有所不同,但意思基本相同。一般说来,主动语态侧重于行为者,被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。 被动语态的基本结构是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。与主动语态一样,被动语态也有各种时态变化,列表如下(以动词do为例): 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are+done 一般过去时 did was/were+done 一般将来时 will/shall+do或be(am/is/are) going to+do will/shall be+done或be(am/is/are) going to be+done 现在完成时 have/has done have/has been+done　 含情态动词 情态动词+do 情态动词+be+done　 注意：(1)主动语态变被动语态的方法； (2)带双宾语的主动语态改为用其直接宾语(物)作主语的被动语态时,间接宾语(人)前必须加介词to或for。 My father bought me a computer. →A computer was bought for me by my father. 我父亲给我买了一台电脑。 间接宾语前带to的动词有:bring, give, send, show, pass, take, lend, post, teach, write, throw, hand等。间接宾语前带for的动词有:buy, cook, find, set, make, save等。 (3)有些感官动词和使役动词(hear, see, watch, notice, make, have等)在主动语态中作谓语时,其宾语补足语后的动词不定式省略to,但变成被动语态时,必须将to还原。 The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day. →The workers were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.老板让工人们一天工作12个小时。 被动语态的用法： 1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 Rice is grown in the south of China. 中国南方种植水稻。 2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者,而不是强调动作的执行者。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人讲汉语。 3.动作的发出者是某个事物。 Many houses were washed away in the flood. 在洪水中许多房子被冲走了。 4.固定句型中常用的被动语态。 如:It’s said that…(据说……), It’s reported that…(据报道……), It’s well-known that…(众所周知……)等。 1．—Have you finished the paper-cutting? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ another ten minutes. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 2．Breakfast ________ every day for people aged over 60 for free in Shijiazhuang. A．provides B．provided C．is provided D．was provided 3．Modern technologies ________ in the 19th Asian Games in September, 2023. A．are used B．were used C．use D．have used 4．Nobody knows for sure whether humans ________ by robots in the future. A．replaced B．are replaced C．will be replaced 5．—I am reading a blog. It says in the future many jobs ________ by robots. —Really? Like what? In schools, classes will be taught by them? A．should be doing B．will be done C．need to do 6．It was announced that only when the fire was under control ________ to return to their homes. A．the residents would be permitted B．had the residents been permitted C．would the residents be permitted D．the residents had been permitted 7．He told me that many roads in the lonely village ________ in 2021. A．were built B．would be built C．had been built 8．It’s said ________ the biggest Lego theme park is being built in Shenzhen. A．that B．which C．whether 9．While the ice box ________, a lot of defects were found. A．was being examined B．was examined C．was examining D．had been examined 10．Great progress ________ in the research of computers in the past twenty years. A．will be made B．was made C．has been made D．is made 11．—Have you ever been to Jiuzhaigou Valley? —Yes. It’s a very fantastic place. And it ________ as World Natural Heritage. A．lists B．has listed C．has been listed D．is listed 12．—The space is so small that the clothes ________. —OK. I will do it right now. A．are folding B．were folded C．should be folded 主动语态表被动意义的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 主动语态表被动意义： 1.look, smell, feel, taste等系动词用主动形式表被动意义。 The cloth feels soft.这布摸起来很软。 The cake tastes delicious. 这蛋糕尝起来很美味。 2.need/require/want+doing sth. 意为“……需要……”,表被动意义,相当于need/require/want+to be done。 The door needs repairing. =The door needs to be repaired. 这门需要修理。 3.某物+write/open/sell/wash/clean/cut/open+其他。该结构为主动形式,可表被动意义。 These books sell well. 这些书卖得很好。 The shop opens every day. 这家店每天都营业。 1．The novels ________ well in the book store now, and many readers rush to buy them. A．is sold B．sell C．sold 2．—Mum, my bike is broken. It requires ________. —Don’t worry. Your dad will have it ________ soon. A．repairing; repaired B．to be repaired; repairing C．to repair; to repair D．repairing; to be repaired 3．—Do you have Jay’s CDs? —Sorry, they are ________. But we’ll get some more next week because they ________. A．sold well; are on sale B．sold out; sell well C．selling; sell well 4．—The World War II ________ in1939 and ended in 1945. People lived a hard life. —Yes. My grandfather was in ________at that time. A．broke out; twenties B．was broken out; his twenties C．broke out; his twenties D．was broken out; the twenties 5．The meeting ________ next Monday. A．will be happened B．will take place C．will be taken place D．will happen 6．There were lots of people at the street corner when the accident ________. A．was taken place B．has happened C．was happened D．happened 7． The chemicals that make swimming pool water safe can have side effects (副作用). They need ________ at least once a week. A．check B．checked C．checking D．to check 8．—The window is broken and needs ________. —I think so. They can hardly keep out the cold now. A．repairing B．to repair C．repaired D．be repaired 9．— “The Three Body Problem” written by Liu Cixin________well recently. —Yes, it is really popular among teenagers. A．will sell B．sold C．sells D．is sold 10．—Dave, what do you think of the movie The First Slam Dunk (灌篮高手)? —It’s well worth ________ for a second time. A．watching B．to watch C．watches 一、完形填空 通读下面短文。掌握其大意，在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 A diver hits the water flat (平直地) on his stomach. The sound of skin hitting the water is so loud that everyone can hear it and feel sorry for the diver. Why? If you’ve ever belly flopped (腹部着水跳水) into a pool, you must understand it can be quite 1 . In fact, when you land in the water in this manner, the water will feel almost solid (固体的). When you fall and hit solid ground, you can clearly 2 the ground’s reactionary force (反作用力) acting on your body. When you fall from a place that is high enough, this force can easily break bones. Water is 3 the ground. It moves out of your way when you enter it. However, 4 the ground, water also produces a force on your body. This force 5 a number of factors (因素). These 6 the height of your fall, your weigh, and your body’s area of contact (接触) 7 . When you walk into water, the water makes room for you slowly, 8 the force on your body is pretty small. When you jump into water, however, the water has to move out of the way quicker. At standard diving heights, belly flops don’t result in serious injuries. However, when jumping from taller heights 9 of suffering a more serious injury increases. Ideally, when you enter the water, your whole body should 10 an arrow (箭). So if next time you find yourself mid-jump in a belly flop position, try to use your hands or knees to break the water. 1．A．safe B．painful C．dangerous D．comfortable 2．A．see B．touch C．feel D．remember 3．A．close to B．interested in C．the same as D．different from 4．A．as B．for C．like D．with 5．A．finds out B．suffer from C．makes up D．depends on 6．A．show B．need C．include D．influence 7．A．water B．belly C．force D．ground 8．A．or B．so C．but D．because 9．A．risk B．idea C．point D．score 10．A．look like B．give up C．grow up D．compare with 二、短文填空 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入恰当的单词使短文完整。(每空一词或两词） I used to spend long holidays and vacations doing boring things. For example, enjoy playing with my phone, using the Internet and 1 (watch) TV. But this summer, I decided to go through a whole vacation 2 my phone or the Internet. So I went to my grandmother’s village in the countryside. As soon as I 3 (arrive) at my grandmother’s home, I felt relaxed. How 4 (love) and peaceful the village was! The green and yellow plants were 5 (beautiful) than you could possibly imagine. I stood in one field, closing my 6 (eye) and smelling the rice. At the moment, I told 7 (I) it was life, a simple life that I had been dreaming of. From then on, I started living 8 comfortable village life. I went fishing, rode a bicycle everywhere I wanted and ran after the kids. The kites 9 (fly) in the field. 10 there was no phone or Internet, I felt so joyful. My happy stay was all too short. Soon, I had to leave the village and go back to the city. To be honest, I didn’t feel like leaving. I learned that life can be simple, but I can still fully enjoy my life. 三、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据要求完成各题。 In American schools there is something called Homecoming Day. Many high schools and colleges with a football team have a homecoming game. This can be the most important thing of the year except graduation or commencement (颁授学位典礼) day. Students plan Homecoming Day many weeks before the day. Several days before Homecoming, students start to decorate (装饰) the school. There are signs to wish luck to the team, and many other signs to welcome all the students. Many people still come to Homecoming twenty or thirty years after they leave school. During the day people like to look for teachers that they remember from long ago. Often they see old friends and they talk together about those happy years in school. Everyone soon comes to watch the football game. When the game is half over, the band comes onto the field and plays school songs. Another important moment is when the Homecoming Queen or King appears. All the students vote (投票) a most popular student Homecoming Queen or King. It is a great honor to be chosen. Homecoming is not perfect unless the football team wins the game. Even if the team loses, the students still enjoy Homecoming. Some stay at the school to dance, and others go to a party. For everyone it is a day worth remembering. 1．List two important things in high schools in America according to the passage. 2．When do students begin to prepare everything for Homecoming Day? 3．Who can probably become Homecoming Queen or King? 4．What sports do the students usually play on Homecoming Day? 5．What does the writer think of the Homecoming Day? 一、补全对话 根据对话内容，在空白处填上合适的句子补全对话。 A: You know what? Our teacher will take us to the nature reserve (自然保护区). B: Sounds great! 1 ? A: Outside the school gate at 8: 30. B: 2 ? A: Yes, I do. We can take a No. 2 bus there. B: 3 ? A: About 20 minutes. B: 4 ? A: It’s an area that protects lots of different animals. B: Are there a lot of animals living there? A: I’m not really sure. I know there are different kinds of birds there. B: Great! I love birds. 5 . A: That’s a good idea. Then I can take many photos. B: See you. 二、阅读表达 阅读短文，然后根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。 Winter has come. Here are some fun things to do: Why not warm up with a hot pot (火锅)? Hot pot has a history of over 2,000 years in China. It’s one of the most popular dishes. You can have both meat and vegetables during the meal. Harbin Ice and Snow Festival is usually held from December to next February. You can enjoy the world of ice and snow. There are thousands of great ice sculptures (雕塑) of buildings, animals and so on. Remember to wear warm clothes and shoes. China Snow Town is like a wonderland. The snow there can be as deep as 2 meters. You can go horse-or dog-sledding (狗拉雪橇), or building a snowman! The fun is endless. 1．How long has the hot pot been in China? 2．When is Harbin Ice and Snow Festival usually held? 3．What is China Snow Town like? 4．How do you usually spend winter? Write 30 words or more. 3． 阅读理解 There are a large number of search engine apps (搜索引擎应用程序) on the Internet, but some of them are not good for kids. To make a green Internet world for teenagers, Xinhua News Agency and Chinaso made a new search engine app together. It is called Huayang Search. or “Young” in English. “Young” is China’s first search engine app for teenagers. By using it, kids can look for useful information and find answers to their questions online. The app makes sure that kids will get nothing bad from the Internet. Similar to other search engine apps, it has lots of age-appropriate (适龄内容), such as online lessons, educational videos and interesting cartoons. Kids can choose what they like to watch. To protect kids’ eyes, the app has screen time rules. So parents don’t need to worry that their children will look at the screen for a very long time. People started to download (下载) the app before Children’s Day this year. So far, the app has been downloaded more than 10 million times. 1．The app “Young” is made for _________. A．children B．search engines C．parents D．English students 2．What can users do with Huayang Search?   ① Take online classes. ② Look for all kinds of information. ③ Watch educational videos and cartoons. ④Find answers to their questions. A．①②③④ B．①②③ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．Which word can best describe Huayang Search? A．Expensive. B．Popular. C．Similar. D．Interesting. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题11 主动和被动语态及主动表被动的用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（2大考点） 考点一 主动和被动语态的用法 考点二 主动语态表被动意义的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 主动和被动语态的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 语态是动词的一种形式,用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者;被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句,谓语动词为被动语态的句子叫被动句。同一件事情往往可以通过主动句或被动句来表达,侧重点虽有所不同,但意思基本相同。一般说来,主动语态侧重于行为者,被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。 被动语态的基本结构是“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”。与主动语态一样,被动语态也有各种时态变化,列表如下(以动词do为例): 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are+done 一般过去时 did was/were+done 一般将来时 will/shall+do或be(am/is/are) going to+do will/shall be+done或be(am/is/are) going to be+done 现在完成时 have/has done have/has been+done　 含情态动词 情态动词+do 情态动词+be+done　 注意：(1)主动语态变被动语态的方法； (2)带双宾语的主动语态改为用其直接宾语(物)作主语的被动语态时,间接宾语(人)前必须加介词to或for。 My father bought me a computer. →A computer was bought for me by my father. 我父亲给我买了一台电脑。 间接宾语前带to的动词有:bring, give, send, show, pass, take, lend, post, teach, write, throw, hand等。间接宾语前带for的动词有:buy, cook, find, set, make, save等。 (3)有些感官动词和使役动词(hear, see, watch, notice, make, have等)在主动语态中作谓语时,其宾语补足语后的动词不定式省略to,但变成被动语态时,必须将to还原。 The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day. →The workers were made to work 12 hours a day by the boss.老板让工人们一天工作12个小时。 被动语态的用法： 1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。 Rice is grown in the south of China. 中国南方种植水稻。 2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者,而不是强调动作的执行者。 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越来越多的人讲汉语。 3.动作的发出者是某个事物。 Many houses were washed away in the flood. 在洪水中许多房子被冲走了。 4.固定句型中常用的被动语态。 如:It’s said that…(据说……), It’s reported that…(据报道……), It’s well-known that…(众所周知……)等。 1．—Have you finished the paper-cutting? —Not yet. I’ll finish it if I ________ another ten minutes. A．give B．am given C．will give D．will be given 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你完成剪纸了吗？——还没有。如果再给我十分钟，我会完成的。 考查一般现在时的被动语态。分析“I’ll finish it if I...another ten minutes.”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”原则，空处位于从句中，应用一般现在时，结合选项可知，从句主语I和动词give之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，所以空处应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构是：am/is/are+动词过去分词。故选B。 2．Breakfast ________ every day for people aged over 60 for free in Shijiazhuang. A．provides B．provided C．is provided D．was provided 【答案】C 【解析】句意：石家庄每天为60岁以上的老人免费提供早餐。 考查时态和语态。根据“Breakfast...every day for people”可知，主语Breakfast和谓语动词provide之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，应该用被动语态，排除A、B；根据“every day”可知，本句时态为一般现在时，排除D。故选C。 3．Modern technologies ________ in the 19th Asian Games in September, 2023. A．are used B．were used C．use D．have used 【答案】B 【解析】句意：2023年9月的第19届亚运会使用了现代技术。 考查时态及语态。根据“in September, 2023”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；分析句子结构可知，主语“Modern technologies”与动词“use”之间为被动关系，此句应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 4．Nobody knows for sure whether humans ________ by robots in the future. A．replaced B．are replaced C．will be replaced 【答案】C 【解析】句意：没有人确切知道未来人类是否会被机器人取代。 考查时态及语态。根据“in the future”可知，空处所在句的句子时态为一般将来时，分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处所在句的主语“humans”与空处为逻辑上的动宾关系，用被动语态，C项符合。故选C。 5．—I am reading a blog. It says in the future many jobs ________ by robots. —Really? Like what? In schools, classes will be taught by them? A．should be doing B．will be done C．need to do 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——我正在看一个博客。它说在将来，许多工作将会由机器人来完成。——真的吗？比如呢？在学校里，课也会由它们来上吗？ 考查一般将来时的被动语态。根据“in the future”和“by robots”可知句子应用一般将来时的被动语态，其谓语结构为：will be done。故选B。 6．It was announced that only when the fire was under control ________ to return to their homes. A．the residents would be permitted B．had the residents been permitted C．would the residents be permitted D．the residents had been permitted 【答案】C 【解析】句意：据宣布，只有当火势得到控制，居民们才被允许返回自己的家园。 考查过去将来时的被动语态和倒装句。分析“It was announced that only when the fire was under control…to return to their homes.”可知，火势得到控制才可以回家，主句是过去时，所以从句用过去将来时；主语the residents是动作permit的承受者，应使用过去将来时的被动语态；that从句中，“only+状语从句”位于句首，要用倒装语序。故选C。 7．He told me that many roads in the lonely village ________ in 2021. A．were built B．would be built C．had been built 【答案】B 【解析】句意：他告诉我2021年这个偏僻的村子的很多路将被修建。 考查动词的时态和语态。were built动词的一般过去时的被动；would be built动词的过去将来时的被动；had been built动词的过去完成时的被动。根据“he told”可知宾语从句用过去时，“2021”是将来的时间，用过去将来时。roads和build之间是被动关系，用过去将来时的被动。故选B。 8．It’s said ________ the biggest Lego theme park is being built in Shenzhen. A．that B．which C．whether 【答案】A 【解析】句意：据说最大的乐高主题公园正在深圳建造。 考查that引导的主语从句。that在这里是连词，没有实际含义；which“哪一个”；whether“是否”；根据“It is said ... the biggest Lego theme park is being built in Shenzhen.”可知，此处是句型it is said that“据说”。故选A。 9．While the ice box ________, a lot of defects were found. A．was being examined B．was examined C．was examining D．had been examined 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在对冰箱进行检查时，发现了许多缺陷。 考查时态及语态。根据“While the ice box ..., a lot of defects were found.”及结合选项可知，主语the ice box与谓语examine是动宾关系，因此用被动语态；且while引导的状语从句，从句应用进行时，由“were found”可知，是过去进行时。因此空处用过去进行时的被动语态was/were being done，主语是单数，be用was。故选A。 10．Great progress ________ in the research of computers in the past twenty years. A．will be made B．was made C．has been made D．is made 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在过去的二十年里，计算机研究取得了很大进展。 考查现在完成时的被动语态。根据“in the past twenty years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示在过去的时间里已经完成的事对现在有影响，且主语“Great progress”与动词“make”之间是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，其结构为：has/have been + 过去分词。故选C。 11．—Have you ever been to Jiuzhaigou Valley? —Yes. It’s a very fantastic place. And it ________ as World Natural Heritage. A．lists B．has listed C．has been listed D．is listed 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——你去过九寨沟吗？——是的。那是一个非常奇妙的地方。它被列为世界自然遗产。 考查时态和语态。主语it指代九寨沟，与动词list之间是动宾冠词，此处表示过去动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时的被动语态“have/has been+动词过去分词”，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故选C。 12．—The space is so small that the clothes ________. —OK. I will do it right now. A．are folding B．were folded C．should be folded 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——空间太小了，衣服应该叠起来。——好的。我现在就去做。 考查被动语态。主语the clothes和谓语fold之间是被动关系，根据“The space is so small that the clothes”可知此处表示衣服应该叠起来，故此处用含有情态动词should的被动语态should be done。故选C。 主动语态表被动意义的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 主动语态表被动意义： 1.look, smell, feel, taste等系动词用主动形式表被动意义。 The cloth feels soft.这布摸起来很软。 The cake tastes delicious. 这蛋糕尝起来很美味。 2.need/require/want+doing sth. 意为“……需要……”,表被动意义,相当于need/require/want+to be done。 The door needs repairing. =The door needs to be repaired. 这门需要修理。 3.某物+write/open/sell/wash/clean/cut/open+其他。该结构为主动形式,可表被动意义。 These books sell well. 这些书卖得很好。 The shop opens every day. 这家店每天都营业。 1．The novels ________ well in the book store now, and many readers rush to buy them. A．is sold B．sell C．sold 【答案】B 【解析】句意：目前这些小说在书店里的销量很好，很多读者争相购买。 考查主动形式表被动和一般现在时态。is sold被卖，一般现在时态的被动语态；sell卖，一般现在时态，主动形式；sold卖，一般过去时态，主动形式。根据“and many readers rush to buy them”可知，时态为一般现在时；sell后接副词时，用主动形式表被动，sell well意为“卖得好”。故选B。 2．—Mum, my bike is broken. It requires ________. —Don’t worry. Your dad will have it ________ soon. A．repairing; repaired B．to be repaired; repairing C．to repair; to repair D．repairing; to be repaired 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——妈妈，我的自行车坏了，它需要被修理。——不要担心，你爸爸将很快修好它。 考查固定短语。require doing=require to be done，意为 “需要被做” ；have sth done意为 “请某人做某事，使某事被做”。所以第一空答案为repairing/to be repaired，第二空答案为repaired，故选A。 3．—Do you have Jay’s CDs? —Sorry, they are ________. But we’ll get some more next week because they ________. A．sold well; are on sale B．sold out; sell well C．selling; sell well 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你们有Jay的CD吗？——对不起，它们卖完了。但是我们下周会再进一些，因为它们卖得好。 考查一般现在时的被动语态和主动表被动。sold well卖得好；are on sale正在打折；sold out卖完了；sell well卖得好；selling现在分词或动名词；第一空，根据“Sorry, they are …”可知，此处是指Jay的CD卖完了，主语“they”与动词短语sell out之间是被动关系，且空前为“are”，所以这里应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为are done，动词sell的过去分词为sold；第二空，根据“we’ll get some more next week”可知，下周会再进一些，因为它们卖得好；应用“sell well”描述事物本身具有的性质，应用主动语态表示被动含义。故选B。 4．—The World War II ________ in1939 and ended in 1945. People lived a hard life. —Yes. My grandfather was in ________at that time. A．broke out; twenties B．was broken out; his twenties C．broke out; his twenties D．was broken out; the twenties 【答案】C 【解析】句意： ——第二次世界大战于1939年爆发并在1945年结束。人们过着艰难的生活。——是的，我祖父那时二十几岁。 考查主动语态和年龄段表达。broke out表示“爆发”，不用被动语态，排除BD；表示“在某人的几十岁年龄”，常用“in+one’s+整十数的复数形式”，此处是his twenties。故选C。 5．The meeting ________ next Monday. A．will be happened B．will take place C．will be taken place D．will happen 【答案】B 【详解】句意：会议将于下周一举行。 考查动词辨析和无被动语态情况。take place常指(某事)按计划进行或按计划发生；happen常指具体事件的发生，特别指那些偶然的或未能预见的发生。happen和take place均不可用于被动语态，可先排除A、C两项；而此会议的举行是有计划的或预料之中会发生的事情，用take place。故选B。 6．There were lots of people at the street corner when the accident ________. A．was taken place B．has happened C．was happened D．happened 【答案】D 【解析】句意：事故发生时，街角有很多人。 考查一般过去时和动词辨析。happen发生；take place发生。两个动词都不用于被动语态，排除AC；根据“There were lots of people at the street corner”可知，句子是一般过去时，所以动词用过去式。故选D。 7． The chemicals that make swimming pool water safe can have side effects (副作用). They need ________ at least once a week. A．check B．checked C．checking D．to check 【答案】C 【解析】句意：使游泳池水安全的化学物质会有副作用。它们需要每周至少检查一次。 考查非谓语动词。need作为实义动词时，need to do sth.“需要做某事”，表主动，主语通常是人，need doing sth“需要被做某事”，表被动，主语通常是物，物+need+doing =物+need+to be done。根据“The chemicals that make swimming pool water safe can have side effects (副作用). They need”可知，是这些化学物质需要被检查，表被动，故选C。 8．—The window is broken and needs ________. —I think so. They can hardly keep out the cold now. A．repairing B．to repair C．repaired D．be repaired 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——窗户坏了，需要修理。——我想是的。它们现在几乎不能御寒了。 考查非谓语动词。根据sth. need doing = sth. need to be done “某物需要被……”可知，此处可填动名词repairing用主动形式表被动意义，或填不定式的被动式to be repaired。故选A。 9．— “The Three Body Problem” written by Liu Cixin________well recently. —Yes, it is really popular among teenagers. A．will sell B．sold C．sells D．is sold 【答案】C 【解析】句意：——刘慈欣写的《三体》最近卖得很好。——是的，它在青少年中确实很受欢迎。 考查时态和语态。will sell一般将来时；sold一般过去时；sells一般现在时的第三人称单数；is sold一般现在时的被动语态。根据语境可知，此处是在描述《三体》最近的销售情况，所以应该用一般现在时；又因为“sell well”表示“卖得好”，是一个主动意义的短语，通常不用被动语态，所以应该用主动语态。综合以上分析，只有选项C“sells”符合题意。故选C。 10．—Dave, what do you think of the movie The First Slam Dunk (灌篮高手)? —It’s well worth ________ for a second time. A．watching B．to watch C．watches 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——戴夫，你怎么看电影《灌篮第一记》？——很值得再看一遍。 考查非谓语动词。be well worth doing sth.“很值得做某事”，故选A。 一、完形填空 通读下面短文。掌握其大意，在各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出一个最佳选项。 A diver hits the water flat (平直地) on his stomach. The sound of skin hitting the water is so loud that everyone can hear it and feel sorry for the diver. Why? If you’ve ever belly flopped (腹部着水跳水) into a pool, you must understand it can be quite 1 . In fact, when you land in the water in this manner, the water will feel almost solid (固体的). When you fall and hit solid ground, you can clearly 2 the ground’s reactionary force (反作用力) acting on your body. When you fall from a place that is high enough, this force can easily break bones. Water is 3 the ground. It moves out of your way when you enter it. However, 4 the ground, water also produces a force on your body. This force 5 a number of factors (因素). These 6 the height of your fall, your weigh, and your body’s area of contact (接触) 7 . When you walk into water, the water makes room for you slowly, 8 the force on your body is pretty small. When you jump into water, however, the water has to move out of the way quicker. At standard diving heights, belly flops don’t result in serious injuries. However, when jumping from taller heights 9 of suffering a more serious injury increases. Ideally, when you enter the water, your whole body should 10 an arrow (箭). So if next time you find yourself mid-jump in a belly flop position, try to use your hands or knees to break the water. 1．A．safe B．painful C．dangerous D．comfortable 2．A．see B．touch C．feel D．remember 3．A．close to B．interested in C．the same as D．different from 4．A．as B．for C．like D．with 5．A．finds out B．suffer from C．makes up D．depends on 6．A．show B．need C．include D．influence 7．A．water B．belly C．force D．ground 8．A．or B．so C．but D．because 9．A．risk B．idea C．point D．score 10．A．look like B．give up C．grow up D．compare with 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．A 【解析】本文讲述了潜水员腹部着水跳水的姿势。 1．句意：如果您曾经腹部着水跳水进入水池里，您肯定明白这是相当痛的。 safe安全的；painful疼痛的；dangerous危险的；comfortable舒服的。根据“In fact, when you land in the water in this manner, the water will feel almost solid”可知水感觉起来几乎是固体的，因此是疼痛的。故选B。 2．句意：当你摔倒并撞到坚实的地面时，你可以清楚地感觉到地面的反作用力作用在你的身体上。 see看见；touch触摸；feel感觉；remember记得。根据“the ground’s reactionary force (反作用力) acting on your body”可知是指可以清楚地感觉到地面的反作用力作用在你的身体上。故选C。 3．句意：水和地面不一样。 close to靠近；interested in感兴趣；the same as与……一样；different from与……不同。根据“it moves out of your way when you enter it.”可知水和地面不一样。故选D。 4．句意：然而，就像地面一样，水也会对你的身体产生一种力。 as作为；for为了；like像；with和。根据“water also produces a force on your body”可知是指就像地面一样，故选C。 5．句意：这种力量取决于许多因素。 finds out找出；suffer from遭受；makes up构成；depends on取决于。根据“These…the height of your fall, your weigh, and your body’s area of contact”可知是指这种力量取决于许多因素。故选D。 6．句意：这些包括坠落高度、体重以及身体接触水的区域。 show展示；need需要；include包含；influence影响。根据“These…the height of your fall, your weigh, and your body’s area of contact”可知是指这些包括坠落高度、体重以及身体接触水的区域。故选C。 7．句意：这些包括坠落高度、体重以及身体接触水的区域。 water水；belly腹部；force力量；ground地面。根据“water also produces a force on your body”可知是指身体接触水的区域。故选A。 8．句意：当你走进水中时，水会慢慢地为你腾出空间，因此作用在你身上的力很小。 or或者；so因此；but但是；because因为。前后表因果关系，前因后果，故选B。 9．句意：然而，当从更高的高度跳下时，遭受更严重伤害的风险就会增加。 risk风险；idea想法；point指向；score得分。根据“of suffering a more serious injury increases”可知是指遭受更严重伤害的风险就会增加。故选A。 10．句意：理想情况下，当你进入水中时，你的整个身体应该看起来像一支箭。 look like看着像；give up放弃；grow up长大；compare with与……比较。根据“your whole body should…an arrow”可知是指你的整个身体应该看起来像一支箭。故选A。 二、短文填空 根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入恰当的单词使短文完整。(每空一词或两词） I used to spend long holidays and vacations doing boring things. For example, enjoy playing with my phone, using the Internet and 1 (watch) TV. But this summer, I decided to go through a whole vacation 2 my phone or the Internet. So I went to my grandmother’s village in the countryside. As soon as I 3 (arrive) at my grandmother’s home, I felt relaxed. How 4 (love) and peaceful the village was! The green and yellow plants were 5 (beautiful) than you could possibly imagine. I stood in one field, closing my 6 (eye) and smelling the rice. At the moment, I told 7 (I) it was life, a simple life that I had been dreaming of. From then on, I started living 8 comfortable village life. I went fishing, rode a bicycle everywhere I wanted and ran after the kids. The kites 9 (fly) in the field. 10 there was no phone or Internet, I felt so joyful. My happy stay was all too short. Soon, I had to leave the village and go back to the city. To be honest, I didn’t feel like leaving. I learned that life can be simple, but I can still fully enjoy my life. 【答案】 1．watching 2．without 3．arrived 4．lovely 5．more beautiful 6．eyes 7．myself 8．a 9．flew 10．Although/Though 【解析】本文主要介绍了作者体验没有手机和网络的乡村生活的经历。 1．句意：例如，喜欢玩手机、上网和看电视。enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，空格处与“playing”和“using”是并列动作。watch“看”，动词，动名词形式为watching。故填watching。 2．句意：但今年夏天，我决定整个假期都不用手机和互联网。根据“But this summer”和“So I went to my grandmother’s village in the countryside.”可知，此处与前面形成对比，作者决定度过没有手机和网络的夏天。空格处填介词作状语。without“没有”，介词。故填without。 3．句意：一到奶奶家，我的心情就轻松起来。此句为时间状语从句，根据“I felt relaxed”可知，主句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。arrive“到达”，动词，过去式为arrived。故填arrived。 4．句意：这个村庄多么美丽、宁静啊！此处修饰village，要用形容词作定语。love“爱”，名词，其形容词为lovely。故填lovely。 5．句意：绿色和黄色的植物比你想象的还要美丽。根据“than you could possibly imagine.”可知，此处要用比较级。空格处位于be动词后，要用形容词比较级。beautiful“漂亮的”，形容词，其比较级为more beautiful。故填more beautiful。 6．句意：我站在一片田地里，闭上眼睛，闻着稻米的香味。close one’s eyes“闭眼”。故填eyes。 7．句意：此刻，我告诉自己，这就是生活，这就是我梦想的简单的生活。此处位于told后作宾语，且主语为I，此处要用反身代词“我自己”。I“我”，主格，其反身代词为myself。故填myself。 8．句意：从此，我开始了舒适的乡村生活。live a/an+形容词+life“过着一种……生活“，life“生活”，表示具体的生活方式时是可数名词，空各处位于以辅音音素开头的comfortable前，用a修饰。故填a。 9．句意：风筝在田野里飞翔。此处动作发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，动词用过去式。fly“放飞”，动词，其过去式为flew。故填flew。 10．句意：尽管没有电话和网络，但我还是感到很快乐。分析“there was no phone or Internet”和“I felt so joyful”可知，此句为让步状语从句，表示尽管没有网络，作者还是很开心。although和though都可以引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”，位于句首首字母大写。故填Although/Though。 三、阅读表达 阅读下面短文，根据要求完成各题。 In American schools there is something called Homecoming Day. Many high schools and colleges with a football team have a homecoming game. This can be the most important thing of the year except graduation or commencement (颁授学位典礼) day. Students plan Homecoming Day many weeks before the day. Several days before Homecoming, students start to decorate (装饰) the school. There are signs to wish luck to the team, and many other signs to welcome all the students. Many people still come to Homecoming twenty or thirty years after they leave school. During the day people like to look for teachers that they remember from long ago. Often they see old friends and they talk together about those happy years in school. Everyone soon comes to watch the football game. When the game is half over, the band comes onto the field and plays school songs. Another important moment is when the Homecoming Queen or King appears. All the students vote (投票) a most popular student Homecoming Queen or King. It is a great honor to be chosen. Homecoming is not perfect unless the football team wins the game. Even if the team loses, the students still enjoy Homecoming. Some stay at the school to dance, and others go to a party. For everyone it is a day worth remembering. 1．List two important things in high schools in America according to the passage. 2．When do students begin to prepare everything for Homecoming Day? 3．Who can probably become Homecoming Queen or King? 4．What sports do the students usually play on Homecoming Day? 5．What does the writer think of the Homecoming Day? 【答案】1．Homecoming Day and graduation or commencement day. 2．Many weeks before the day. 3．The student who is the/a most popular. 4．They usually play football. 5．It’s a day worth remembering. 【解析】本文介绍了在美国的学校里，有一个叫做返校节的日子，许多高中和大学足球队有返校节比赛。这是一年中除了毕业或颁授学位典礼外最重要的事件。 1．根据“In American schools there is something called Homecoming Day. Many high schools and colleges with a football team have a homecoming game. This can be the most important thing of the year except graduation or commencement (颁授学位典礼) day.”可知，返校节和颁授学位典礼都是美国高中重要的事情。故填Homecoming Day and graduation or commencement day. 2．根据“Students plan Homecoming Day many weeks before the day.”可知，学生们在开学前几周就计划好返校节。故填Many weeks before the day. 3．根据“All the students vote (投票) a most popular student Homecoming Queen or King.”可知，所有的学生投票选出最受欢迎的学生作为返校节皇后或国王。故填The student who is the/a most popular. 4．根据“Everyone soon comes to watch the football game”可知，学生通常踢足球，故填They usually play football. 5．根据“For everyone it is a day worth remembering.”可知，这是值得纪念的日子。故填It’s a day worth remembering. 一、补全对话 根据对话内容，在空白处填上合适的句子补全对话。 A: You know what? Our teacher will take us to the nature reserve (自然保护区). B: Sounds great! 1 ? A: Outside the school gate at 8: 30. B: 2 ? A: Yes, I do. We can take a No. 2 bus there. B: 3 ? A: About 20 minutes. B: 4 ? A: It’s an area that protects lots of different animals. B: Are there a lot of animals living there? A: I’m not really sure. I know there are different kinds of birds there. B: Great! I love birds. 5 . A: That’s a good idea. Then I can take many photos. B: See you. 【答案】1．When and where shall we meet 2．Do you know how to get there 3．How long does it take us there 4．What do you know about the reserve 5．Let’s bring the camera with us 【解析】本文是A、B之间的对话，两人谈论了参观自然保护区的事项。 1．根据“Outside the school gate at 8: 30.”可知，此处询问见面的时间和地点。故“我们何时何地见面”符合语境。故填When and where shall we meet。 2．根据“Yes, I do. We can take a No. 2 bus there.”可知，此处是一般疑问句，询问如何到达自然保护区。故“你知道怎么去那里吗”符合语境。故填Do you know how to get there。 3．根据“About 20 minutes.”可知，此处询问乘坐公交车所需时间。故“我们到那里要多长时间”符合语境。故填How long does it take us there。 4．根据“It’s an area that protects lots of different animals.”可知，此处是疑问句，询问该自然保护区的相关信息。故“你对保护区了解多少”符合语境。故填What do you know about the reserve。 5．根据“That’s a good idea. Then I can take many photos.”可知，此处表提建议，且与“照相机”相关。故“让我们带上照相机吧”符合语境。故填Let’s bring the camera with us。 二、阅读表达 阅读短文，然后根据短文内容，简要回答下列问题。 Winter has come. Here are some fun things to do: Why not warm up with a hot pot (火锅)? Hot pot has a history of over 2,000 years in China. It’s one of the most popular dishes. You can have both meat and vegetables during the meal. Harbin Ice and Snow Festival is usually held from December to next February. You can enjoy the world of ice and snow. There are thousands of great ice sculptures (雕塑) of buildings, animals and so on. Remember to wear warm clothes and shoes. China Snow Town is like a wonderland. The snow there can be as deep as 2 meters. You can go horse-or dog-sledding (狗拉雪橇), or building a snowman! The fun is endless. 1．How long has the hot pot been in China? 2．When is Harbin Ice and Snow Festival usually held? 3．What is China Snow Town like? 4．How do you usually spend winter? Write 30 words or more. 【答案】1．Over 2,000 years. 2．From December to next February. 3．A wonderland. 4．I usually read books on Sunday morning in winter. I sit near the windows and read my favourite books, while drinking a cup of coffee. It makes me feel warm and happy. 【解析】本文介绍了冬天可以做的一些有趣的事情。 1．根据文中“Hot pot has a history of over 2,000 years in China.”可知，火锅在中国已有2000多年的历史，故填Over 2,000 years. 2．根据文中“Harbin Ice and Snow Festival is usually held from December to next February.”可知，哈尔滨冰雪节通常在12月至次年2月举行，故填From December to next February. 3．根据文中“China Snow Town is like a wonderland.”可知，中国雪乡就像一个仙境，故填A wonderland. 4．该题为开放性试题，答案合理即可。故填I usually read books on Sunday morning in winter. I sit near the windows and read my favourite books, while drinking a cup of coffee. It makes me feel warm and happy. 3． 阅读理解 There are a large number of search engine apps (搜索引擎应用程序) on the Internet, but some of them are not good for kids. To make a green Internet world for teenagers, Xinhua News Agency and Chinaso made a new search engine app together. It is called Huayang Search. or “Young” in English. “Young” is China’s first search engine app for teenagers. By using it, kids can look for useful information and find answers to their questions online. The app makes sure that kids will get nothing bad from the Internet. Similar to other search engine apps, it has lots of age-appropriate (适龄内容), such as online lessons, educational videos and interesting cartoons. Kids can choose what they like to watch. To protect kids’ eyes, the app has screen time rules. So parents don’t need to worry that their children will look at the screen for a very long time. People started to download (下载) the app before Children’s Day this year. So far, the app has been downloaded more than 10 million times. 1．The app “Young” is made for _________. A．children B．search engines C．parents D．English students 2．What can users do with Huayang Search?   ① Take online classes. ② Look for all kinds of information. ③ Watch educational videos and cartoons. ④Find answers to their questions. A．①②③④ B．①②③ C．①③④ D．②③④ 3．Which word can best describe Huayang Search? A．Expensive. B．Popular. C．Similar. D．Interesting. 【答案】1. A 2． C 3． B 【解析】本文介绍一款搜索引擎应用程序——Huayang。 1．细节理解题。根据“To make a green Internet world for teenagers, Xinhua News Agency and Chinaso made a new search engine app together.” 为了为青少年打造一个绿色的互联网世界， 新华社和Chinaso共同开发了一款新的搜索引擎应用程序，可知这个搜索引擎是为孩子开发的。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“By using it, kids can look for useful information and find answers to their questions online.”通过使用它，孩子们可以在网上寻找有用的信息并找到问题的答案。以及“Similar to other search engine apps, it has lots of age-appropriate (适龄内容),such as online lessons, educational videos and interesting cartoons.”与其他搜索引擎应用程序类似，它有许多适合年龄的应用程序，如在线课程、教育视频和有趣的卡通，可知可以在线课程、教育视频和有趣的卡通和找问题的答案。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据“So far, the app has been downloaded more than 10 million times.”到目前为止，该应用程序的下载次数已超过1000万次，可知这个APP很受欢迎。故选B。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$