【春考特训课】第10讲：单项选择之句子种类和基本句型部分重点难点-【决胜春考】2025春季高考英语冲刺总复习（重庆专用）

第10讲：单项选择之句子种类和基本句型部分重点难点 知识梳理 演练 【考情链接】 【要点梳理】 近三年以来，重庆春考对于句子种类以及句型特点考察都有所侧重，其中祈使句和并列句是考察重点。 知识点一　祈使句 1. 祈使句用来向对方提出建议、要求、劝告或向对方给出指示、命令等，主语一般是you，通常省略。肯定祈使句以动词原形开头，否定祈使句在动词原形前加Do not(或Don't)，即“Don't＋动词原形”开头。 2. 祈使句的类型 (1)Do型，即“动词原形(＋宾语)＋其他成分”，其否定形式是在句首加Don't。 如： Have a seat here. 请这边坐。 Don't forget me，please! 不要忘记我！ (2)Be型，即“Be＋表语＋其他成分”，其否定形式是在句首加Don't。 如： Be a good one! 要做一个好孩子！ Don't be late for the meeting! 会议不要迟到！ (3)Let型，即“Let＋宾语(第一人称或第三人称)＋动词原形＋其他成分”，其否定形式是在句首加Don't或者Let sb. not do sth.。 如： Let me assist you. 让我来帮你。 Don't let him go right now.＝Let him not go right now. 别让他马上走。 (4)有些可用No开头，用来表示禁止性的祈使句。 如： No smoking! 禁止吸烟！ No fishing! 禁止钓鱼！ (5)对于表达请求、建议、劝告的祈使句，可在句首或句尾加please。句尾加please时，通常有逗号隔开。 如：Please forgive me for the matter. 请原谅我那件事。 Don't stand there, please. 请不要站在那里。 3. 陈述句与祈使句的同义句转换。 (1) 陈述句若含情态动词(must、can、should、had better等)、情态动词否定结构且主语为you 时，可改为同义祈使句。 如：You must study hard in the future. (改为祈使句) You shouldn't be careless. (改为祈使句) Don't be always careless . (2)“主语＋tell/ask/order＋sb.＋(not) to do”结构也可以改为祈使句。 如：Mary asked me to go shopping. (改为祈使句) “Go shopping.” Mary said to me. The teacher told us not to swim in the river during vacation. (改为祈使句) The teacher said to us, “Don't swim in the river during vacation. ” 模拟练习1 1. You should not eat too much at meal. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ too much at meal. 2. You can't cross the street here so fast. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ the street here so fast. 3. You should be honest with your good friends. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ with your good friends. 4. You should be friendly to each other at the moment. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ to each other at the moment. 5. You can come in. (改为祈使句) ________ ________， please. 课堂精练 演练 一、单项选择 (　　)1. ________ noise pollution, and we can live in a quiet environment in the near future. A. Prevent B. Preventing C. Prevented D. To prevent ( )2. ________ wake up your younger sister. She needs a good sleep today. A. Don't B. Doesn't C. Aren't D. Can ( )3. Boys and girls, ________ up your hands if you have any questions in the process. A. putting B. to put C. put D. puts ( )4. Jack, please help me to carry the new books, ________？ A. does he B. will he C. won't you D. will you ( )5. Let's take actions to protect the earth right now, ________？ A. shall we B. will you C. do we D. do you ( )6. Please ________ play on the road with them. It is too dangerous, Tom. A. mustn't B. won't C. can't D. don't ( )7. —Let's go out and enjoy the sunshine. —________. It is boring to stay at home for a whole morning. A. Sounds great B. Not at all C. Forget it D. No way 课后反馈 演练 ( )8. Let us go to her birthday party this Sunday, ________？ A. shall we B. do you C. don't you D. will you ( )9. ________ late for school today. A. Be not B. Don't be C. Be D. Not be ( )10. Please ________ out of the window in my class. A. not look B. don't look C. look D. looking 二、句型转换 11. You can't play computer games for a whole night long. (改为祈使句) Please________ ________ play computer games for a whole night. 12. You'd better not take off your coat now. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ off your coat now. 13. You must be careful next time in the exam. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ next time in the exam. 14. The teacher told the students not to play with fire. (改为祈使句) “________ ________ play with fire.” The teacher said to the students. 15. You mustn't litter everywhere. (改为祈使句) ________ ________ everywhere. 知识点二　感叹句 考点 内容解读 近四年对口高职考试统计(题号、试题关键词) 考试年份 常考题型 句型转换 4. 感叹句：掌握两种形式的改写规则： What＋n.＋主语＋谓语！ How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ 2023年 41. The girl can speak English. (改为一般疑问句) 42. My brother is seven years old. (对画线部分提问) 句型转换 4. 感叹句：掌握两种形式的改写规则： What＋n.＋主语＋谓语！ How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ 2023年 43. Sally wants to visit her grandpa this summer. (改为否定句) 44. I love the car. It is very nice. (改为反义疑问句) 句型转换 4. 感叹句：掌握两种形式的改写规则： What＋n.＋主语＋谓语！ How＋adj./adv.＋主语＋谓语！ 2023年 45. My English teacher is very kind. (改为感叹句) 1. 用来表示强烈的感情的句子叫作感叹句。感叹句句末常用感叹号，句首多用what和how引导强调部分，其余部分与陈述句结构相同。what后的强调部分须含有名词，但名词前常有形容词修饰，how后的强调部分通常是形容词或副词。what引导的感叹句和how引导的感叹句通常可以互换。 2. 感叹句的类型 (1)What＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋主语＋谓语(＋其他)! 如：What a lovely boy he is! 他是一个多么可爱的男孩啊 (2)What＋形容词＋可数名词复数＋主语＋谓语(＋其他)! 如：They are so beautiful flowers. (改为感叹句) What beautiful flowers they are! 多么漂亮的花啊！ (3)What＋形容词＋不可数名词＋主语＋谓语(＋其他)! 如：It is fine weather. (改为感叹句) What fine weather it is! 天气多好啊！ 模拟练习2 把下列句子改为感叹句。 1. It is a useful tool. ________ a ________ tool it is! 2. This is an amazing picture. ________ ________ amazing picture this is! 3. It's hot today. ________ ________ weather it is! 4. We are clever students. ________ clever ________ we are! 5. It is good news. ________ good ________ it is! (4)How＋形容词/副词＋主语＋谓语(＋其他)! 如：He runs very fast. (改为感叹句) How fast he runs! 他跑得好快啊！ (5)How＋形容词(＋a/an)＋名词＋主语＋谓语(＋其他)! 如：He is a very lovely boy. (改为感叹句) How lovely a boy he is! 他是一个多么可爱的男孩啊！ 注 这类感叹句可以换成：What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词＋主语＋谓语(＋其他)！如上句可改为：What a lovely boy he is! (6)How＋主语＋谓语(＋其他)! 如：Time flies. (改为感叹句) How time flies! 时间过得真快啊！ 模拟练习3 把下列句子改为感叹句。 1. The students are listening to the teacher carefully during the break. ________ ________ the students are listening to the teacher during the break! 2. These trees grow much better ________ ________ these trees grow! 3. The old man walked fast before. ________ ________ the old man walked before! 4. The boy is so naughty! ________ ________ the boy is! 5. He works very hard at his work! ________ ________ he works at his work! 6. Mrs. White was kind to her students. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ Mrs. White was to her students! 7. The flowers in my garden are beautiful. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ the flowers in my garden are! 8. Learning a foreign language is important. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ learning a foreign language is! 课堂精练 1.The movie My People, My Hometown is very touching.(改为感叹句) ________ ________ the movie My People, My Hometown is! 2. My English teacher is very kind and helpful. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ and helpful my English teacher is! 一、单项选择 1. ________ interesting book my teacher gave me as an award! A. What a B. What an C. What D. How 2. ________ strong the boy is! A. How B. What a C. What D. How a 3. ________ a wonderful movie it is! I was deeply moved by it. A. How B. What a C. What D. How a 4. ________useful advice she gave you last night! You should listen to her. A. How B. What a C. What an D. What 5. ________ sunny weather we are having these days! A. How B. How an C. What D. What an 课后反馈 演练 6. —________ wonderful TV play it is! —Yes. There are so many viewers who like to watch it. A. What a B. What an C. What D. How 7. ________ bad news it is! We feel very desperate. A. What B. What a C. How D. How a 8. ________ tasty the speciality in Chongqing is! A. How B. How a C. What a D. What 9. ________ it is to travel by air! A. What exciting B. What excited C. How exciting D. How excited 10. ________ it is! It is snowing outside. A. What a freezing B. How freezing C. What freezing D. How a freezing 二、句型转换 11. The teachers here are very kind and nice. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ and nice the teachers here are! 12. John is an honest boy. (改为感叹句) ________ ________honest boy John is! 13. The sky is really clear now. ________ ________the sky is now! 14. Air pollution is very serious in these countries today. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ air pollution is in these countries today! 15. It is fine weather today. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ weather it is today! 知识点三　并列句 考点 内容解读 近四年对口高职考试统计(题号、试题关键词) 考试年份 常考题型 并列句 掌握并列连词与并列句的用法 2020年 —— 2021年 —— 2022年 —— 2023年 —— 并列连词是一种用来连接并列的单词、短语或句子的虚词，主要用于表示两个分句的并列关系、选择关系、转折关系、因果关系等。 知识点一　并列关系 1. 常用的表示并列关系的连词有and(同，和)、both...and...(既……又……)、 not only...but(also)...(不仅……而且……)、 neither...nor...(既不……也不……)等。 如： Zhang Ming and I have been close friends since primary school. 张明和我从小学起就是好朋友。 He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us study English. 他不仅向我们提出很多建议，而且还帮助我们学英语。 2. 当 not only...but (also)...、 neither...nor...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要遵循“就近原则”。 如： Neither he nor I go to Shanghai. 既不是他也不是我去上海。 Neither I nor he goes to Shanghai. 既不是我也不是他去上海 3. not only...but (also)...和both...and...可互换。但前者连接主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式遵循“就近原则”；后者连接主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。 如： Not only he but also I am from China. 不但他而且我都来自中国。 Both he and I are from China. 他和我都来自中国。 4. 表达一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事，可用neither或nor进行简略表述。结构为“Neither/Nor＋三类动词(情态动词/助动词/be动词)＋后者主语”。根据第一句的谓语动词和后者的主语确定三类动词。 如： He isn't a teacher. Neither/Nor am I. 他不是老师，我也不是。 I don't study French. Neither/Nor does Mike. 我不学法语，迈克也没学。 5. 祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝if引导的条件状语从句＋主句。表示如果做到了祈使句表示的事情，就会有后面句子表示的结果。 如： Work hard, and you will have a good result. ＝If you work hard, you will have a good result. 努力学习，你就会有一个好结果。 知识点二　选择关系 1. 常用的表示选择关系的连词有or(或者，否则)、 otherwise(否则)、 or else(否则)、 either...or...(不是……就是……)等。 如： Which jacket do you like better, the yellow one or the blue one? 你更喜欢哪件夹克，黄色的还是蓝色的？ Either his mother or his father will attend the parents' meeting tomorrow. 明天不是他母亲就是他父亲参加家长会。 2. either...or...连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数形式要遵循“就近原则”。 如： Either he or I am wrong. 不是他错了，就是我错了。 Either I or he is wrong. 不是我错了，就是他错了。 3. 祈使句＋or＋陈述句＝if引导的条件状语从句＋主句，表示如果做不到祈使句表示的事情，就会有后面句子表示的结果。 如： Hurry up, or you'll be late for school. ＝If you don't hurry up, you will be late for school. 快点儿，否则你们就要上学迟到了。 知识点三　转折关系 1. 常用的表示转折关系的连词有but(但是，可是)、 while(而，却)、 yet(可是)、 however(然而)等。 however连接两个句子时，通常其前后均有逗号隔开。 如： He is young but very experienced. 他虽然年轻，但很有经验。 I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢喝茶而她喜欢喝咖啡。 The book is expensive, however, it's worth it. 这本书很贵，却很值。 2. but不与although/though连用，但yet、 still可与although/though连用。 如： Although she felt ill, she still went to work. 她虽然感觉不舒服，但她仍然去上班。 知识点四　因果关系 1. 常用的表示因果关系的连词有for(因为)和so(所以， 因此)等。 如： I am thirsty, for it is hot. 我口渴，因为天气太热。 The manager was ill, so I went in her place. 经理病了，所以我代她去。 注 for在意义上与从属连词because、 since和as相同，但because、 since和as引导的是原因状语从句，从句是主句的原因状语，而for连接的是并列句，for后的句子是对其前面一句的解释与说明。其结构为“简单句(结果)＋for＋简单句(原因)”。 2. so不与because连用， 因为because是从属连词，而so是并列连词，用来连接并列句。其结构为“简单句(原因)＋so＋简单句(结果)”。 如： Mr. Li went to his hometown, so Mr. Wang was taking his class instead. 李老师回家乡去了，所以王老师替他上课。 3. 前者做某事，后者也做同样的事的句型结构为 “so＋情态动词/助动词/be动词＋后者主语”。此句型中的情态动词、助动词或be动词根据前一句的谓语决定，而句子的数由后面的主语决定。 如： He is a teacher. So am I. 他是一个老师，我也是。 I like playing basketball. So does Mike. 我喜欢打篮球，迈克也一样。 模拟练习4 1. I need both sugar ________ milk to make this cake. A. as well as B. and C. either D. or 2. Though he is very young, ________ he can play the piano very well. A. but B. / C. and D. so 3. Be quick, ________ you'll miss the early train. A. and B. so C. but D. or 4. The book is so old, ________， it is worth reading again. A. yet B. and C. but D. however 5. She does not speak our language, ________ she seems to understand what we say. A. or B. nor C. yet D. for 课后反馈 演练 6. —Didn't you give gifts to your father on Father's Day? —Oh, not only my father ________ my grandpa got gifts. A. or B. and C. but also D. until 7. —Would you like to go to the party with me? —I'd love to, ________ I can't. I have a lot of homework to do. A. or B. but C. so D. and 8. —Who will come to your birthday party? —________ Tom ________ any of his sisters are coming. A. Both; and B. Not only; but also C. Either; or D. Neither; nor 9. Use your head, ________ you'll have an idea. A. or B. and C. but D. so 10. He didn't finish his work. ________. A. So did his wife B. So was his wife C. Neither did his wife D. Neither was his wife 11. Stop chopping down trees, ________the earth will become worse and worse. A. and B. or C. but D. so 12. ________ human beings ________ animals can live without air and water. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. So; that D. Neither; nor 13. He was as busy as a bee these days, ________， he didn't forget his mother's birthday. A. so B. but C. however D. yet 14. —He is a hardworking boy. —________. A. So is his brother B. So his brother is C. Nor is his brother D. Nor his brother is 15. Although he is young, ________ he knows much more than others. A. so B. but C. for D. / 16. School is over, ________ all the teachers are still working. A. or B. and C. but D. so 17. Make sure it is not too hot, ________ it'll burn your mouth. A. and B. or C. yet D. so 18. He has many good friends in his company, ________ he is an easygoing man. A. or B. so C. for D. but 19. Because it's raining today, ________ we put off our sports meet until next week. A. so B. and C. / D. or 20. ________ Lucy ________Lily have ever been to Shanghai. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also 21. Follow the doctor's advice, ________ you will get better soon. A. or B. and C. then D. so 22. Lucy likes pop music, ________ I like pop music, too. A. but B. and C. so D. either 23. Not only her parents but also she ________ from Chongqing. A. be B. am C. is D. are 24. Both my father and my mother ________going hiking at weekends. A. enjoy B. enjoys C. enjoyed D. enjoying 25. Either you or I ________ going to the village to teach the poor children. A. are B. am C. is D. being 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！第 12 页 共 13 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$