第03讲完形填空提升讲解-【寒假自学课】2025年高二英语寒假提升精品讲义（人教版2019）

第03讲完形填空提升讲解 精讲完形填空 完形填空是高中英语中比较有挑战性的部分，以下是关于提升完形填空能力的详细讲解： 一、题型特点 1、综合性强：它综合考查词汇、语法、阅读理解等多方面的知识和能力。需要考生不仅要理解单个句子的意思，还要把握整篇文章的主旨、逻辑关系和文化背景等诸多因素。 2、上下文关联紧密：文中的每个空白处都不是孤立存在的，其答案往往受到上下文的制约。例如，一个名词的单复数可能由前文提到的数量词决定；一个动词的时态可能和文章的时间线索有关。 二、提升方法 （一）词汇积累 1、扩大词汇量：这是基础。高中阶段要求掌握 3500 个左右的词汇，要熟练掌握这些词汇的拼写、发音、词性、词义以及它们的搭配。例如，“acquire” 这个词，意思是 “获得；学到”，常见搭配有 “acquire knowledge（获取知识）”、“acquire a habit（养成一个习惯）”。 2、词汇辨析：注意近义词、形近词的区别。比如 “affect” 和 “effect”，“affect” 是动词，主要意思是 “影响；使感动”；“effect” 作名词时意思是 “影响；效果”，作动词时意思是 “使发生；引起”。通过例句来理解会更加清晰，“The bad weather affected his mood.（恶劣的天气影响了他的情绪。）”，“The new policy has a great effect on the economy.（新政策对经济有很大的影响。）” （二）语法巩固 1、时态和语态：明确文章的时间背景，正确选择动词的时态。例如，在叙述过去的事情时，一般会使用一般过去时或者过去进行时等相关时态。如果主语是动作的承受者，就需要使用被动语态。 2、从句知识：掌握定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的用法。比如，在定语从句中，关系代词（that, which, who 等）和关系副词（when, where, why 等）的正确选择取决于它们在从句中所充当的成分。 （三）阅读能力培养 1、广泛阅读：增加阅读量可以帮助熟悉不同的文体、话题和语言风格。可以阅读英语报纸（如《21 世纪英文报》）、英语简易读物（如《书虫》系列）等。在阅读过程中，学会把握文章的主旨大意和细节信息。 2、精读训练：对于一些经典的英语文章进行精读。分析文章的结构，如总分、分总、总分总等结构。同时，要注意段落之间的过渡和衔接，比如通过一些过渡词（however, therefore, in addition 等）来实现文章的连贯。 解题技巧训练 1、通读全文：在开始做题前，先快速浏览一遍文章，了解文章的大致内容、体裁（记叙文、说明文、议论文等）和主题。这样可以帮助确定文章的基调，为后续填空提供一个整体的语境。 2、瞻前顾后：在填写每个空时，仔细观察上下文的线索。例如，如果一个空需要填一个形容词，那么可以从后文对这个名词的描述中寻找提示，或者从前文中与之相关的其他形容词来推断。 3、注意固定搭配：很多完形填空会考查一些常见的固定短语和习惯用法。比如 “look forward to（期待）”、“be used to（习惯于）” 等。 4、检查复核：完成填空后，把所选的答案代入原文，通读一遍，检查文章的逻辑是否通顺、语法是否正确、用词是否恰当。 通过系统地积累词汇、巩固语法、提升阅读能力并熟练运用解题技巧，能够有效地提高高中英语完形填空的解题能力。 三、讲解高中英语完形填空的做题技巧 以下是高中英语完形填空做题技巧的详细讲解： （一）解题前的准备工作 1、快速浏览全文 目的：了解文章的主旨、体裁、大致内容和背景信息。这有助于在做题时把握文章的整体方向，避免只见树木不见森林。 方法：以较快的速度阅读文章，重点关注文章的开头、结尾以及每段的首句。这些部分通常会包含文章的主题句或关键线索。例如，记叙文开头可能会介绍事件的背景或主要人物；议论文开头一般会提出论点。 （二）具体解题过程中的技巧 词汇层面 1、利用固定搭配 （1）识别方法：在选项中如果出现一些常见的固定短语，如 “make a difference（有影响）”、“take into account（考虑）” 等，要敏锐地识别出来。同时，注意空格前后的词汇是否能与选项构成固定搭配。 示例：“He is always ready to help others and his kindness makes a deep____on us.” 这里很明显应该填 “impression”，构成 “make a deep impression on sb.（给某人留下深刻印象）” 这个固定搭配。 2、辨析近义词和形近词 （1）区分依据：对于意思相近的词，要根据它们的细微差别、使用语境等来选择。比如 “advice”（不可数名词，意为 “建议”）和 “suggestion”（可数名词，意为 “建议”），如果空格前有 “a piece of”，则应选 “advice”。对于形近词，如 “affect”（动词，意为 “影响”）和 “effect”（名词，意为 “影响；效果”），要仔细辨别它们的词性和用法。 示例：“The bad weather_____ his mood.” 这里需要一个动词，所以应该填 “affected”。 语法层面 1、时态和语态的判断 线索寻找：根据文章中的时间状语、上下文的动词时态以及句子的逻辑关系来确定空格处动词的时态和语态。例如，如果文章整体是过去时态，且空格所在句子描述的动作与其他过去动作同时发生，那么很可能要用一般过去时；如果主语是动作的承受者，就要考虑被动语态。 示例：“The book_____ (write) by a famous author last year.” 根据 “last year” 这个时间状语，可知这里要用一般过去时的被动语态，应填 “was written”。 2、从句引导词的选择 分析从句类型：先确定空格所在的从句是定语从句、状语从句还是名词性从句。对于定语从句，要看先行词在从句中充当的成分来选择关系代词或关系副词；对于状语从句，要根据句子之间的逻辑关系（如因果、条件、让步等）来选择合适的引导词；对于名词性从句，要分析从句在整个句子中充当的成分（主语、宾语、表语等）。 示例：“I will never forget the day_____ we first met.” 这里是定语从句，先行词 “the day” 在从句中作时间状语，所以应填 “when”。 上下文逻辑层面 1、利用上下文线索 指代关系线索：注意文章中的代词（如 it, they, this 等）指代的内容。例如，“The box was very heavy._____ took three of us to lift it.” 这里的空格显然应该填 “It”，指代前面的 “The box”。 因果关系线索：如果空格前后存在因果关系，要选择能体现这种关系的词汇。比如，“He was late for school_____ he missed the bus.” 这里应填 “because”，表示原因。 递进或转折关系线索：关注表示递进（如 moreover, furthermore）或转折（如 however, but）的词汇。例如，“He is rich,_____ he is not happy.” 这里应填 “but”，体现转折关系。 把握文章的情感色彩和态度倾向 1、情感判断：根据文章的用词和描述来判断作者或文中人物的情感。如果文章是在赞美某个人或事物，那么在选择词汇时，要选择具有积极情感色彩的词；反之，如果是在批判，要选择消极情感色彩的词。 示例：“The performance was_____. The audience were all clapping and cheering.” 从观众的反应可以判断表演是精彩的，所以可以填 “wonderful” 之类的具有积极意义的词。 （三）解题后的检查技巧 通读全文检查 1、逻辑检查：把所选的答案代入原文，快速通读一遍文章，检查文章的逻辑是否连贯。看看是否有因某个选项选择不当而导致前后矛盾的地方。 2、语法和词汇检查：检查语法错误，包括时态、语态、主谓一致等方面。同时，检查词汇的拼写、用法是否正确，是否符合上下文的语境。 四、高中英语完形填空的考点 1、词汇考点 实词（名词、动词、形容词、副词） （1）名词： 词义辨析：考查对相似名词含义的区分。例如，“scene”（场景、景色）、“scenery”（风景、景色的总称）、“view”（从某一特定角度看到的景色）和 “sight”（视力；景象；名胜）之间的区别。在描述 “车祸现场” 时用 “scene”；在表达 “欣赏自然风光” 的整体概念时用 “scenery”。 固定搭配：如 “make a decision（做决定）”、“come to a conclusion（得出结论）” 中的 “decision” 和 “conclusion” 就是通过固定搭配来考查的。 （2）动词： 时态和语态：这是常见考点。比如，根据上下文的时间线索确定是用一般过去时、现在完成时还是其他时态。“The book has been_____(write) by a famous author.” 这里需要用现在完成时的被动语态 “written”。 词义辨析和习惯用法：像 “rise”（不及物动词，上升、升起）和 “raise”（及物动词，举起、提高），“He_____ his hand to ask a question.” 应填 “raised”。同时，还有一些习惯用法，如 “keep sb. doing sth.（让某人一直做某事）”。 （3）形容词和副词： 词义辨析：例如 “lonely”（孤独的，强调主观感受）和 “alone”（独自的，强调客观状态）。“He lives_____, but he doesn't feel_____.” 第一个空填 “alone”，第二个空填 “lonely”。 比较级和最高级：考查比较级和最高级的构成和用法。“This building is_____ (tall) than that one.” 应填 “taller”；“He is the_____ (hard - working) student in the class.” 应填 “most hard - working”。 2、虚词（介词、连词、冠词） （1）介词： 固定搭配：如 “be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）”、“look forward to（期待）” 等。“He is looking forward_____ seeing his old friends.” 应填 “to”。 介词含义和用法：如 “across”（从表面穿过）和 “through”（从内部穿过），“The train went_____ the tunnel.” 应填 “through”。 （2）连词： 逻辑关系：考查因果（because、since）、转折（but、however）、并列（and、or）等逻辑关系。“He is rich_____ he is not happy.” 应填 “but”。 从句引导词：在定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句中，连词作为引导词很关键。例如，在定语从句中，“I like the book_____ was written by Lu Xun.” 应填 “that”。 （3）冠词： 不定冠词和定冠词的用法：不定冠词 “a/an” 表示泛指，“an” 用于元音音素开头的单词前；定冠词 “the” 表示特指。“I saw_____ dog in the street._____ dog was very cute.” 第一个空填 “a”，第二个空填 “the”。 3、语法考点 时态和语态： （1）一般时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时）：根据时间状语和上下文确定时态。 “Every day, he_____ (go) to school on foot.” 应填 “goes”（一般现在时）。 （2）进行时态（现在进行时、过去进行时）：强调动作正在进行。“When I called him, he_____ (watch) TV.” 应填 “was watching”（过去进行时）。 (3完成时态（现在完成时、过去完成时）：涉及动作的完成或过去的过去。“I_____ (finish) my homework already.” 应填 “have finished”（现在完成时）。 4、从句： （1）定语从句：考查关系代词（that、which、who 等）和关系副词（when、where、why 等）的用法。“The place_____ we visited last year is very beautiful.” 应填 “that/which”。 （2）状语从句：根据逻辑关系选择引导词。如条件状语从句（if、unless）、时间状语从句（when、while、as）等。“_____ it rains tomorrow, we won't go to the park.” 应填 “If”。 （3）名词性从句：包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。例如，宾语从句中，“He asked me_____ I would come.” 应填 “if/whether”。 主谓一致： 语法一致原则：主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。“The number of students_____ (be) increasing.” 应填 “is”。 意义一致原则：如 “family”“team” 等集合名词，侧重整体时用单数，侧重个体时用复数。“My family_____ (be) a big one.”（强调整体）应填 “is”；“My family_____ (like) watching TV.”（强调个体成员）应填 “like”。 5、语篇考点 上下文逻辑关系： （1）因果关系：通过因果连词或词汇体现。“He got up late,_____ he missed the bus.” 应填 “so”。 （2）转折关系：利用转折词连接。“She is smart,_____ she is a little lazy.” 应填 “but”。 （3）递进关系：像 “Moreover”“Furthermore” 引导递进内容。“He is good at math. Moreover, he_____ (be) excellent in English.” 应填 “is”。 6、文章主旨和语境理解： 主旨把握：要理解文章是关于什么主题的，根据主旨选择合适的词汇。如果是一篇关于友谊的文章，在描述朋友的品质时，会选择像 “loyal”“kind - hearted” 等符合友谊主题的词汇。 语境线索利用：根据空格前后的语境确定词汇。“He was so tired that he could_____ keep his eyes open.” 根据语境应填 “hardly”。 五、完形填空精练试题 评卷人 得分 一、完形填空 （2024·河北沧州·三模）It was late November. Most of the leaves had fallen off the trees, leaving only 1 branches waving in the surrounding mountains. The sky was gray with clouds 2 down a cold, bone-chilling rain. My mood 3 the day. The older I got, the less it seemed I liked the winter months. When I was a boy, they meant playing in the snow, making snowmen, having snowball fights, and then curling up with my dog by the 4 and reading my favorite books. But now they just meant watching the days get 5 driving on dark roads, and feeling the cold wind 6 my face like a slap. I sighed and lay down on my bed. A feeling of 7 settled over my spirit and I wished I could get under the covers and sleep until spring. Just then my little dog 8 onto my bed and looked at me with her big, wet eyes. She looked so sad and 9 that I laughed and petted her. I 10 she often mirrored my moods. I smiled and continued to pet her head 11 she too broke into a happy smile. I snuggled up (依偎) with her, looking up to the gray sky. The little dog 12 me that in life the whole world around us is our mirror. We can either be a 13 of light or a shadow of darkness. We can either give the world our kindness or our 14 . My little pup showed me once again that life is 15 what we make it and that we can reflect our warmth, love, and light even in winter’s darkest days. 1．A．rough B．bare C．dead D．thick 2．A．throwing B．going C．falling D．breaking 3．A．influenced B．attacked C．matched D．lifted 4．A．wall B．river C．snow D．stove 5．A．warmer B．longer C．shorter D．colder 6．A．over B．against C．beneath D．towards 7．A．happiness B．panic C．curiosity D．depression 8．A．jumped up B．held up C．took up D．lifted up 9．A．exhausted B．doubtful C．disappointed D．miserable 10．A．disapproved B．challenged C．complained D．acknowledged 11．A．while B．unless C．until D．after 12．A．reminded B．persuaded C．warned D．stimulated 13．A．temperature B．reflection C．recovery D．shape 14．A．hope B．mood C．anger D．joy 15．A．rarely B．possibly C．partially D．truly 评卷人 得分 二、完形填空 （23-24高二下·湖南·期末）Petros Chrysafis has always had an interest in predators (捕食者), but he never thought he could make a career out of it. Then he helped a friend 16 a chicken-stealing wolf problem. 17 spread. Now he runs a one-man “predator detection and deterrence (威慑)” business in California. His job is a 18 of detective, set designer and negotiator. Typically when he first meets his clients, they are ready to find and kill the predator that’s been 19 their livestock (牲畜). His goal is to offer an 20 : coexistence. His process starts with 21 the local predator. To gather 22 Chrysafis sets his secret weapon: cameras. He walks the land, looking at it and 23 cameras by the clearings and paths where animals are most likely to 24 . The cameras are motion-activated, and store a few thousand nature-focused photos in different periods. The images he gathers often help to put landowners 25 : caught on film, even a mountain lion can seem like a shy neighbor. The images help people 26 the wildlife that they live with. Many of Chrysafis’ deterrence techniques are designed to give the 27 of human activity. The tools he 28 include radios playing voices, motion-activated lights and noise-making equipment. Another effective method is human 29 : Chrysafis presses the sweat out of his own shirt. In the American West’s long history of hunting and trapping, Chrysafis’ approach is a 30 one. He tries to communicate the real value of wildlife to farmers. 16．A．stress B．analyze C．address D．review 17．A．Panic B．Word C．Happiness D．Disease 18．A．combination B．concentration C．collection D．classification 19．A．seeking B．accompanying C．attacking D．noticing 20．A．application B．alternative C．apology D．advertisement 21．A．protecting B．frightening C．identifying D．attracting 22．A．information B．feedback C．resources D．requirements 23．A．observes B．finds C．rents D．places 24．A．settle down B．walk by C．get away D．grow up 25．A．at risk B．at ease C．in line D．in power 26．A．like B．gather C．raise D．assist 27．A．significance B．consequence C．principle D．appearance 28．A．uses B．invents C．repairs D．saves 29．A．taste B．hearing C．sight D．smell 30．A．faster B．softer C．simpler D．closer 评卷人 得分 三、完形填空 （23-24高二下·江苏镇江·期末）When light snow began falling, the principal kept a careful eye on the approaching storm. It soon took on qualities of something more terrible. By midday he called the school buses back so the kids could get home safely 31 it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, and felt 32 to be going home early. Then the buses arrived. 33 , the storm suddenly became heavier and it was quickly clear that nobody was going anywhere any time soon. The original plan 34 . Over 300 children got 35 inside the school. As night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping, we began to feel 36 . What would we feed several hundred children for dinner? Where would they sleep? After every parent was 37 that their children were safe, people who lived close enough to 38 the bad weather were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people 39 to travel through the blinding snow, bringing bags of food and blankets. There wasn’t much food, but everything was shared, nobody got hungry and nobody 40 . When night fell, we worked out sleeping arrangements for the kids. 41 by the tension of the day, most of them fell asleep soon on the carpeted floors. 42 , the next morning we awoke to find the storm had stopped. With the roads now clear of snow, our students were soon safely on their way home, and all the staff breathed a sigh of 43 . What might have been a(n) 44 had instead resulted in strengthened 45 between the community and our school. 31．A．as B．when C．before D．after 32．A．disappointed B．honored C．astonished D．thrilled 33．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Otherwise 34．A．broke down B．broke through C．broke out D．broke in 35．A．engaged B．stuck C．caught D．abandoned 36．A．concerned B．confused C．annoyed D．bored 37．A．convinced B．promised C．informed D．reminded 38．A．avoid B．brave C．escape D．ignore 39．A．attempted B．tended C．managed D．happened 40．A．failed B．waited C．opposed D．complained 41．A．Exhausted B．Frightened C．Threatened D．Challenged 42．A．Surely B．Hopefully C．Thankfully D．Strangely 43．A．impatience B．relief C．regret D．surprise 44．A．accident B．intervention C．disaster D．adventure 45．A．feedbacks B．communications C．frictions D．bonds 评卷人 得分 四、完形填空 （23-24高二下·山东威海·期末）I was lucky enough to have a lot of great teachers, but one in particular 46 the person I am today: Lin Robbins. Miss Robbins’ enthusiasm was infectious. From the first day of class, she was always smiling and had limitless 47 . In her class, she was no taskmaster and there was no tough love, just 48 about what she could teach us. But it never felt like she was teaching, it was as if she wanted to 49 this really cool thing with you. One day Miss Robbins gave me a copy of The Catcher In The Rye. I couldn’t tell what Miss Robbins 50 in me — why I was given extra 51 and care. But looking back, I know it’s 52 that I was the only one. She had a library at the back of her classroom with a(n) 53 policy around borrowing books. She wasn’t shy about sharing her passion for 54 . She just gave it to me and said, “I think you’ll really 55 it.” It turned out that she was 56 . There was something about the leading character of the novel that I immediately connected with. This 57 inspired me to start writing, and I haven’t 58 since. Tough as it is, I know I have to keep writing. And I also know who I’m 59 on any podium (领奖台). Miss Robbins. I’m grateful that she saw whatever it is she saw in me, and that she gave me the 60 I needed to become a writer. 46．A．changed B．shaped C．respected D．trusted 47．A．creativity B．energy C．devotion D．knowledge 48．A．excitement B．confusion C．anxiety D．confidence 49．A．check B．recall C．share D．exchange 50．A．wanted B．built C．saw D．awoke 51．A．attention B．patience C．sympathy D．comfort 52．A．impossible B．unbelievable C．strange D．surprising 53．A．open B．famous C．sound D．informal 54．A．teaching B．writing C．science D．literature 55．A．notice B．deserve C．like D．make 56．A．right B．proud C．honest D．kind 57．A．gift B．love C．story D．connection 58．A．stopped B．won C．tried D．practiced 59．A．missing B．thanking C．helping D．contacting 60．A．nudge B．pressure C．chance D．method 评卷人 得分 五、完形填空 （23-24高二下·河南开封·期末）It’s never easy being the new kid in school, especially when you look a little bit different from everyone else. Aside from the usual 61 about not knowing anyone at Henderson High School in Tennessee, 15-year-old Sergio Peralt 62 that people would laugh at him for his 63 . Sergio’s right hand didn’t form fully at birth. “In the first days of school, I honestly felt like 64 my hand in my sleeve (袖子), ” Sergio admitted. “Like nobody would ever find out.” It turns out that his fellow students were a lot more 65 than he assumed. In fact, when the school’s engineering teacher 66 Sergio’s hand, he suggested the students in his class should 67 him. The school is equipped with online modeling software and a 3 D printer, so the teacher suggested a real-life 68 that would benefit both the students and Sergio. Several engineering students 69 began working on a prosthesis (假肢) for their new classmate. “‘We could build your prosthetic hand’, they 70 me and I never expected it, ” said Sergio. Students worked with Sergio to get the prosthesis right, and when it was finished, it 71 all expectations. Sergio was now able to 72 a baseball using his right hand for the first time in his entire life. Beyond the practicality of having a 73 prosthesis, Sergio felt something even more powerful: He fit in. 74 being teased for his disability, he was celebrated and assisted. “They changed my life,” said the 75 teen. 61．A．curiosity B．guilty C．nervousness D．sympathy 62．A．announced B．worried C．remembered D．admitted 63．A．performance B．ambition C．quality D．difference 64．A．waving B．extending C．hiding D．ignoring 65．A．open-minded B．nature-loving C．absent-minded D．hard-working 66．A．trained B．covered C．treated D．noticed 67．A．follow B．help C．challenge D．join 68．A．application B．appointment C．invitation D．explanation 69．A．temporarily B．hesitantly C．eagerly D．impatiently 70．A．promised B．warned C．advised D．questioned 71．A．set up B．lived up to C．ruled out D．fell short of 72．A．catch B．transform C．select D．replace 73．A．familiar B．safe C．useful D．similar 74．A．Regardless of B．Apart from C．Due to D．Rather than 75．A．brave B．grateful C．generous D．considerate ( 8 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第03讲完形填空提升讲解 精讲完形填空 完形填空是高中英语中比较有挑战性的部分，以下是关于提升完形填空能力的详细讲解： 一、题型特点 1、综合性强：它综合考查词汇、语法、阅读理解等多方面的知识和能力。需要考生不仅要理解单个句子的意思，还要把握整篇文章的主旨、逻辑关系和文化背景等诸多因素。 2、上下文关联紧密：文中的每个空白处都不是孤立存在的，其答案往往受到上下文的制约。例如，一个名词的单复数可能由前文提到的数量词决定；一个动词的时态可能和文章的时间线索有关。 二、提升方法 （一）词汇积累 1、扩大词汇量：这是基础。高中阶段要求掌握 3500 个左右的词汇，要熟练掌握这些词汇的拼写、发音、词性、词义以及它们的搭配。例如，“acquire” 这个词，意思是 “获得；学到”，常见搭配有 “acquire knowledge（获取知识）”、“acquire a habit（养成一个习惯）”。 2、词汇辨析：注意近义词、形近词的区别。比如 “affect” 和 “effect”，“affect” 是动词，主要意思是 “影响；使感动”；“effect” 作名词时意思是 “影响；效果”，作动词时意思是 “使发生；引起”。通过例句来理解会更加清晰，“The bad weather affected his mood.（恶劣的天气影响了他的情绪。）”，“The new policy has a great effect on the economy.（新政策对经济有很大的影响。）” （二）语法巩固 1、时态和语态：明确文章的时间背景，正确选择动词的时态。例如，在叙述过去的事情时，一般会使用一般过去时或者过去进行时等相关时态。如果主语是动作的承受者，就需要使用被动语态。 2、从句知识：掌握定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句的用法。比如，在定语从句中，关系代词（that, which, who 等）和关系副词（when, where, why 等）的正确选择取决于它们在从句中所充当的成分。 （三）阅读能力培养 1、广泛阅读：增加阅读量可以帮助熟悉不同的文体、话题和语言风格。可以阅读英语报纸（如《21 世纪英文报》）、英语简易读物（如《书虫》系列）等。在阅读过程中，学会把握文章的主旨大意和细节信息。 2、精读训练：对于一些经典的英语文章进行精读。分析文章的结构，如总分、分总、总分总等结构。同时，要注意段落之间的过渡和衔接，比如通过一些过渡词（however, therefore, in addition 等）来实现文章的连贯。 解题技巧训练 1、通读全文：在开始做题前，先快速浏览一遍文章，了解文章的大致内容、体裁（记叙文、说明文、议论文等）和主题。这样可以帮助确定文章的基调，为后续填空提供一个整体的语境。 2、瞻前顾后：在填写每个空时，仔细观察上下文的线索。例如，如果一个空需要填一个形容词，那么可以从后文对这个名词的描述中寻找提示，或者从前文中与之相关的其他形容词来推断。 3、注意固定搭配：很多完形填空会考查一些常见的固定短语和习惯用法。比如 “look forward to（期待）”、“be used to（习惯于）” 等。 4、检查复核：完成填空后，把所选的答案代入原文，通读一遍，检查文章的逻辑是否通顺、语法是否正确、用词是否恰当。 通过系统地积累词汇、巩固语法、提升阅读能力并熟练运用解题技巧，能够有效地提高高中英语完形填空的解题能力。 三、讲解高中英语完形填空的做题技巧 以下是高中英语完形填空做题技巧的详细讲解： （一）解题前的准备工作 1、快速浏览全文 目的：了解文章的主旨、体裁、大致内容和背景信息。这有助于在做题时把握文章的整体方向，避免只见树木不见森林。 方法：以较快的速度阅读文章，重点关注文章的开头、结尾以及每段的首句。这些部分通常会包含文章的主题句或关键线索。例如，记叙文开头可能会介绍事件的背景或主要人物；议论文开头一般会提出论点。 （二）具体解题过程中的技巧 词汇层面 1、利用固定搭配 （1）识别方法：在选项中如果出现一些常见的固定短语，如 “make a difference（有影响）”、“take into account（考虑）” 等，要敏锐地识别出来。同时，注意空格前后的词汇是否能与选项构成固定搭配。 示例：“He is always ready to help others and his kindness makes a deep____on us.” 这里很明显应该填 “impression”，构成 “make a deep impression on sb.（给某人留下深刻印象）” 这个固定搭配。 2、辨析近义词和形近词 （1）区分依据：对于意思相近的词，要根据它们的细微差别、使用语境等来选择。比如 “advice”（不可数名词，意为 “建议”）和 “suggestion”（可数名词，意为 “建议”），如果空格前有 “a piece of”，则应选 “advice”。对于形近词，如 “affect”（动词，意为 “影响”）和 “effect”（名词，意为 “影响；效果”），要仔细辨别它们的词性和用法。 示例：“The bad weather_____ his mood.” 这里需要一个动词，所以应该填 “affected”。 语法层面 1、时态和语态的判断 线索寻找：根据文章中的时间状语、上下文的动词时态以及句子的逻辑关系来确定空格处动词的时态和语态。例如，如果文章整体是过去时态，且空格所在句子描述的动作与其他过去动作同时发生，那么很可能要用一般过去时；如果主语是动作的承受者，就要考虑被动语态。 示例：“The book_____ (write) by a famous author last year.” 根据 “last year” 这个时间状语，可知这里要用一般过去时的被动语态，应填 “was written”。 2、从句引导词的选择 分析从句类型：先确定空格所在的从句是定语从句、状语从句还是名词性从句。对于定语从句，要看先行词在从句中充当的成分来选择关系代词或关系副词；对于状语从句，要根据句子之间的逻辑关系（如因果、条件、让步等）来选择合适的引导词；对于名词性从句，要分析从句在整个句子中充当的成分（主语、宾语、表语等）。 示例：“I will never forget the day_____ we first met.” 这里是定语从句，先行词 “the day” 在从句中作时间状语，所以应填 “when”。 上下文逻辑层面 1、利用上下文线索 指代关系线索：注意文章中的代词（如 it, they, this 等）指代的内容。例如，“The box was very heavy._____ took three of us to lift it.” 这里的空格显然应该填 “It”，指代前面的 “The box”。 因果关系线索：如果空格前后存在因果关系，要选择能体现这种关系的词汇。比如，“He was late for school_____ he missed the bus.” 这里应填 “because”，表示原因。 递进或转折关系线索：关注表示递进（如 moreover, furthermore）或转折（如 however, but）的词汇。例如，“He is rich,_____ he is not happy.” 这里应填 “but”，体现转折关系。 把握文章的情感色彩和态度倾向 1、情感判断：根据文章的用词和描述来判断作者或文中人物的情感。如果文章是在赞美某个人或事物，那么在选择词汇时，要选择具有积极情感色彩的词；反之，如果是在批判，要选择消极情感色彩的词。 示例：“The performance was_____. The audience were all clapping and cheering.” 从观众的反应可以判断表演是精彩的，所以可以填 “wonderful” 之类的具有积极意义的词。 （三）解题后的检查技巧 通读全文检查 1、逻辑检查：把所选的答案代入原文，快速通读一遍文章，检查文章的逻辑是否连贯。看看是否有因某个选项选择不当而导致前后矛盾的地方。 2、语法和词汇检查：检查语法错误，包括时态、语态、主谓一致等方面。同时，检查词汇的拼写、用法是否正确，是否符合上下文的语境。 四、高中英语完形填空的考点 1、词汇考点 实词（名词、动词、形容词、副词） （1）名词： 词义辨析：考查对相似名词含义的区分。例如，“scene”（场景、景色）、“scenery”（风景、景色的总称）、“view”（从某一特定角度看到的景色）和 “sight”（视力；景象；名胜）之间的区别。在描述 “车祸现场” 时用 “scene”；在表达 “欣赏自然风光” 的整体概念时用 “scenery”。 固定搭配：如 “make a decision（做决定）”、“come to a conclusion（得出结论）” 中的 “decision” 和 “conclusion” 就是通过固定搭配来考查的。 （2）动词： 时态和语态：这是常见考点。比如，根据上下文的时间线索确定是用一般过去时、现在完成时还是其他时态。“The book has been_____(write) by a famous author.” 这里需要用现在完成时的被动语态 “written”。 词义辨析和习惯用法：像 “rise”（不及物动词，上升、升起）和 “raise”（及物动词，举起、提高），“He_____ his hand to ask a question.” 应填 “raised”。同时，还有一些习惯用法，如 “keep sb. doing sth.（让某人一直做某事）”。 （3）形容词和副词： 词义辨析：例如 “lonely”（孤独的，强调主观感受）和 “alone”（独自的，强调客观状态）。“He lives_____, but he doesn't feel_____.” 第一个空填 “alone”，第二个空填 “lonely”。 比较级和最高级：考查比较级和最高级的构成和用法。“This building is_____ (tall) than that one.” 应填 “taller”；“He is the_____ (hard - working) student in the class.” 应填 “most hard - working”。 2、虚词（介词、连词、冠词） （1）介词： 固定搭配：如 “be interested in（对…… 感兴趣）”、“look forward to（期待）” 等。“He is looking forward_____ seeing his old friends.” 应填 “to”。 介词含义和用法：如 “across”（从表面穿过）和 “through”（从内部穿过），“The train went_____ the tunnel.” 应填 “through”。 （2）连词： 逻辑关系：考查因果（because、since）、转折（but、however）、并列（and、or）等逻辑关系。“He is rich_____ he is not happy.” 应填 “but”。 从句引导词：在定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句中，连词作为引导词很关键。例如，在定语从句中，“I like the book_____ was written by Lu Xun.” 应填 “that”。 （3）冠词： 不定冠词和定冠词的用法：不定冠词 “a/an” 表示泛指，“an” 用于元音音素开头的单词前；定冠词 “the” 表示特指。“I saw_____ dog in the street._____ dog was very cute.” 第一个空填 “a”，第二个空填 “the”。 3、语法考点 时态和语态： （1）一般时态（一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时）：根据时间状语和上下文确定时态。 “Every day, he_____ (go) to school on foot.” 应填 “goes”（一般现在时）。 （2）进行时态（现在进行时、过去进行时）：强调动作正在进行。“When I called him, he_____ (watch) TV.” 应填 “was watching”（过去进行时）。 (3完成时态（现在完成时、过去完成时）：涉及动作的完成或过去的过去。“I_____ (finish) my homework already.” 应填 “have finished”（现在完成时）。 4、从句： （1）定语从句：考查关系代词（that、which、who 等）和关系副词（when、where、why 等）的用法。“The place_____ we visited last year is very beautiful.” 应填 “that/which”。 （2）状语从句：根据逻辑关系选择引导词。如条件状语从句（if、unless）、时间状语从句（when、while、as）等。“_____ it rains tomorrow, we won't go to the park.” 应填 “If”。 （3）名词性从句：包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。例如，宾语从句中，“He asked me_____ I would come.” 应填 “if/whether”。 主谓一致： 语法一致原则：主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复数，谓语动词用复数。“The number of students_____ (be) increasing.” 应填 “is”。 意义一致原则：如 “family”“team” 等集合名词，侧重整体时用单数，侧重个体时用复数。“My family_____ (be) a big one.”（强调整体）应填 “is”；“My family_____ (like) watching TV.”（强调个体成员）应填 “like”。 5、语篇考点 上下文逻辑关系： （1）因果关系：通过因果连词或词汇体现。“He got up late,_____ he missed the bus.” 应填 “so”。 （2）转折关系：利用转折词连接。“She is smart,_____ she is a little lazy.” 应填 “but”。 （3）递进关系：像 “Moreover”“Furthermore” 引导递进内容。“He is good at math. Moreover, he_____ (be) excellent in English.” 应填 “is”。 6、文章主旨和语境理解： 主旨把握：要理解文章是关于什么主题的，根据主旨选择合适的词汇。如果是一篇关于友谊的文章，在描述朋友的品质时，会选择像 “loyal”“kind - hearted” 等符合友谊主题的词汇。 语境线索利用：根据空格前后的语境确定词汇。“He was so tired that he could_____ keep his eyes open.” 根据语境应填 “hardly”。 五、完形填空精练试题 评卷人 得分 一、完形填空 （2024·河北沧州·三模）It was late November. Most of the leaves had fallen off the trees, leaving only 1 branches waving in the surrounding mountains. The sky was gray with clouds 2 down a cold, bone-chilling rain. My mood 3 the day. The older I got, the less it seemed I liked the winter months. When I was a boy, they meant playing in the snow, making snowmen, having snowball fights, and then curling up with my dog by the 4 and reading my favorite books. But now they just meant watching the days get 5 driving on dark roads, and feeling the cold wind 6 my face like a slap. I sighed and lay down on my bed. A feeling of 7 settled over my spirit and I wished I could get under the covers and sleep until spring. Just then my little dog 8 onto my bed and looked at me with her big, wet eyes. She looked so sad and 9 that I laughed and petted her. I 10 she often mirrored my moods. I smiled and continued to pet her head 11 she too broke into a happy smile. I snuggled up (依偎) with her, looking up to the gray sky. The little dog 12 me that in life the whole world around us is our mirror. We can either be a 13 of light or a shadow of darkness. We can either give the world our kindness or our 14 . My little pup showed me once again that life is 15 what we make it and that we can reflect our warmth, love, and light even in winter’s darkest days. 1．A．rough B．bare C．dead D．thick 2．A．throwing B．going C．falling D．breaking 3．A．influenced B．attacked C．matched D．lifted 4．A．wall B．river C．snow D．stove 5．A．warmer B．longer C．shorter D．colder 6．A．over B．against C．beneath D．towards 7．A．happiness B．panic C．curiosity D．depression 8．A．jumped up B．held up C．took up D．lifted up 9．A．exhausted B．doubtful C．disappointed D．miserable 10．A．disapproved B．challenged C．complained D．acknowledged 11．A．while B．unless C．until D．after 12．A．reminded B．persuaded C．warned D．stimulated 13．A．temperature B．reflection C．recovery D．shape 14．A．hope B．mood C．anger D．joy 15．A．rarely B．possibly C．partially D．truly 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．D 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．D 【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要通过自己和狗狗的在一个冬天的经历，体会到生活真的是我们自己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的快乐、爱和光明。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：树上的叶子大多落了，只剩下光秃秃的树枝在周围的群山中摇曳。A. rough粗糙的；B. bare光秃秃的；C. dead死的；D. thick厚的。根据上文“Most of the leaves had fallen off the trees”可知，叶子都掉落了，所以是光秃秃的。故选B项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：天空灰蒙蒙的，乌云密布，下着刺骨的冷雨。A. throwing投；B. going去；C. falling降落；D. breaking打破，折断。根据下文“down a cold, bone-chilling rain”可知，下着刺骨的冷雨。固定搭配throw down rain“下雨”。故选A项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心情与天气相符。A. influenced影响；B. attacked袭击；C. matched匹配；D. lifted提起，举起。根据下文“I sighed and lay down on my bed. A feeling of  　7　　 settled over my spirit and I wished I could get under the covers and sleep until spring.”可知，作者的心情与阴沉的天气相符。故选C项。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，它们意味着在雪地里玩耍，堆雪人，打雪仗，然后和我的狗蜷缩在火炉旁，读我最喜欢的书。A. wall墙；B. river河流；C. snow雪；D. stove炉子。根据下文“reading my favorite books.”可知，是在温暖的炉火旁，享受着读书的快乐。故选D项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但现在，它们只意味着看着白天越来越短，在黑暗的道路上开车，感觉冷风打在我的脸上，就像打了我一巴掌。A. warmer温暖的；B. longer较长的；C. shorter较短的；D. colder较冷的。根据下文“on dark roads”可知，白天越来越短。故选C项。 6．考查介词词义辨析。句意：但现在，它们只意味着看着白天越来越短，在黑暗的道路上开车，感觉冷风打在我的脸上，就像打了我一巴掌。A. over悬在……上面；B. against迎着；C. beneath在……下方；D. towards朝向。根据下文“like a slap”可知，冷风打在作者的脸上。故选B项。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一种沮丧的感觉笼罩着我的精神，我希望我能钻进被窝，睡到春天。A. happiness快乐；B. panic恐慌；C. curiosity好奇；D. depression沮丧。根据上文“I sighed and lay down on my bed”可知，作者是沮丧的。故选D项。 8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的小狗跳上我的床，用她湿漉漉的大眼睛看着我。A. jumped up跳起来；B. held up支撑；C. took up从事；D. lifted up提升。根据下文“onto my bed and looked at me with her big, wet eyes”可知，小狗跳上床。故选A项。 9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她看起来那么悲伤和痛苦，我笑着抚摸着她。A. exhausted筋疲力尽的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. disappointed失望的；D. miserable痛苦的。根据上文“so sad”可知，看起来那么悲伤和痛苦。故选D项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我承认她经常反映我的心情。A. disapproved不同意；B. challenged挑战；C. complained抱怨；D. acknowledged承认。根据下文“she often mirrored my moods.”可知，这是作者承认的内容。故选D项。 11．考查连接词词义辨析。句意：我笑了笑，继续抚摸着她的头，直到她也露出幸福的笑容。A. while然而；B. unless除非；C. until直到；D. after之后。根据句意可知，本句为until引导的时间状语从句。故选C项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：小狗提醒我，在生活中，我们周围的整个世界都是我们的镜子。A. reminded提醒；B. persuaded说服；C. warned警告；D. stimulated刺激。根据上文“she often mirrored my moods.”可知，小狗在提醒作者，周围的整个世界都是我们的镜子。故选A项。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们既可以成为光明的反射，也可以成为黑暗的阴影。A. temperature温度；B. reflection反射；C. recovery恢复；D. shape形状。根据常识及下文“of light or a shadow of darkness”可知，光具有反射性，这里指我们可以是光明的反射，即传递光明和正能量。故选B项。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们可以给世界善意，也可以给世界愤怒。A. hope希望；B. mood心情；C. anger愤怒；D. joy快乐。根据上文“kindness”可知，与善意相对的是愤怒。故选C项。 15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的小狗再一次告诉我，生活真的是我们自己创造的，即使在冬天最黑暗的日子里，我们也能反映出我们的温暖、爱和光明。A. rarely稀少地；B. possibly可能地；C. partially不完全地；D. truly真正地。根据下文“we can reflect our warmth, love, and light even in winter’s darkest days”可知，生活真的是我们自己创造的。故选D项。 评卷人 得分 二、完形填空 （23-24高二下·湖南·期末）Petros Chrysafis has always had an interest in predators (捕食者), but he never thought he could make a career out of it. Then he helped a friend 16 a chicken-stealing wolf problem. 17 spread. Now he runs a one-man “predator detection and deterrence (威慑)” business in California. His job is a 18 of detective, set designer and negotiator. Typically when he first meets his clients, they are ready to find and kill the predator that’s been 19 their livestock (牲畜). His goal is to offer an 20 : coexistence. His process starts with 21 the local predator. To gather 22 Chrysafis sets his secret weapon: cameras. He walks the land, looking at it and 23 cameras by the clearings and paths where animals are most likely to 24 . The cameras are motion-activated, and store a few thousand nature-focused photos in different periods. The images he gathers often help to put landowners 25 : caught on film, even a mountain lion can seem like a shy neighbor. The images help people 26 the wildlife that they live with. Many of Chrysafis’ deterrence techniques are designed to give the 27 of human activity. The tools he 28 include radios playing voices, motion-activated lights and noise-making equipment. Another effective method is human 29 : Chrysafis presses the sweat out of his own shirt. In the American West’s long history of hunting and trapping, Chrysafis’ approach is a 30 one. He tries to communicate the real value of wildlife to farmers. 16．A．stress B．analyze C．address D．review 17．A．Panic B．Word C．Happiness D．Disease 18．A．combination B．concentration C．collection D．classification 19．A．seeking B．accompanying C．attacking D．noticing 20．A．application B．alternative C．apology D．advertisement 21．A．protecting B．frightening C．identifying D．attracting 22．A．information B．feedback C．resources D．requirements 23．A．observes B．finds C．rents D．places 24．A．settle down B．walk by C．get away D．grow up 25．A．at risk B．at ease C．in line D．in power 26．A．like B．gather C．raise D．assist 27．A．significance B．consequence C．principle D．appearance 28．A．uses B．invents C．repairs D．saves 29．A．taste B．hearing C．sight D．smell 30．A．faster B．softer C．simpler D．closer 【答案】 16．C 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B 21．C 22．A 23．D 24．B 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．B 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章介绍了Petros Chrysafis如何将自己对捕食者的兴趣转化为职业，通过一系列的技术和方法，帮助农民与野生动物共存，而不是简单地捕杀它们。 16．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，他帮助一位朋友解决了狼偷鸡的问题。A. stress强调；B. analyze分析；C. address解决；D. review回顾。根据前文的help，以及后文“a chicken-stealing wolf problem.”可知，应是帮助解决问题，符合语境。故选C项。 17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：消息传开了。A. Panic恐慌；B. Word信息；C. Happiness幸福；D. Disease疾病。根据前文“Then he helped a friend 　　　　1　　　　 a chicken-stealing wolf problem.”以及后文“Now he runs a one-man “predator detection and deterrence (威慑)” business in California.”可知，应是Petros Chrysafis帮助解决狼偷鸡问题的消息传开了，大家都找他帮忙，于是他成立了公司。故选B项。 18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的工作集侦探、布景设计师和谈判代表于一身。A. combination结合；B. concentration集中；C. collection收集；D. classification分类。根据后文“detective, set designer and negotiator.”以及后文具体内容可知，Petros Chrysafis的工作是集侦探、布景设计师和谈判代表于一身的。故选A项。 19．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，当他第一次见到他的客户时，他们已经准备好找到并杀死袭击他们牲畜的捕食者。A. seeking寻找；B. accompanying陪伴；C. attacking攻击；D. noticing注意到。根据前文“they are ready to find and kill the predator”可知，客户准备杀死捕食者，推知应是捕食者袭击他们牲畜。故选C项。 20．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的目标是提供另一种选择：共存。A. application应用；B. alternative选择；C. apology道歉；D. advertisement广告。根据前文“Typically when he first meets his clients, they are ready to find and kill the predator”以及后文的“coexistence”可知，他的客户准备杀死袭击他们牲畜的捕食者，而Petros Chrysafis提供另一种共存的选择。故选B项。 21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的流程从识别当地的捕食者开始。A. protecting保护；B. frightening吓唬；C. identifying识别；D. attracting吸引。根据后文“To gather 　　　　7　　　　 Chrysafis sets his secret weapon: cameras.”可知，Chrysafis用摄像机收集信息，目的应是识别当地的捕食者。故选C项。 22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了收集信息，Chrysafis设置了他的秘密武器：摄像机。A. information信息；B. feedback反馈；C. resources资源；D. requirements要求。根据后文“Chrysafis sets his secret weapon: cameras.”根据常识可知，摄像机应是纪录图像，是用来收集信息的。故选A项。 23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在这片土地上行走，观察它，并在动物最可能经过的空地和小路上放置摄像机。A. observes观察；B. finds发现；C. rents租用；D. places放置。根据后文“The cameras are motion-activated, and store a few thousand nature-focused photos in different periods.”可知，摄像机存储了数千张不同时期的自然照片，所以应是在动物最可能出没的空地和小路上放置摄像机，然后开始拍照。故选D项。 24．考查动词短语辨析。句意：他在这片土地上行走，观察它，并在动物最可能经过的空地和小路上放置摄像机。A. settle down定居；B. walk by走过；C. get away离开；D. grow up长大。根据后文“The cameras are motion-activated, and store a few thousand nature-focused photos in different periods.”可知，摄像机存储了数千张不同时期的自然照片，所以应是在动物最可能出没的空地和小路上放置摄像机，然后开始拍照。故选B项。 25．考查介词短语辨析。句意：他收集的图像通常有助于让土地所有者放松：在电影中，即使是美洲狮也可能看起来像一个害羞的邻居。A. at risk有风险；B. at ease放松；C. in line排队；D. in power掌权。根据后文“caught on film, even a mountain lion can seem like a shy neighbor.”可知，美洲狮也可能看起来像一个害羞的邻居，这让土地所有者放松。故选B项。 26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些图像帮助人们喜欢与他们生活在一起的野生动物。A. like喜欢；B. gather聚集；C. raise提高；D. assist协助。根据前文“His goal is to offer an 　　　　5　　　　　: coexistence.”可知，Chrysafis的目的是让动物和人共存，所以这些图像帮助人们喜欢与他们生活在一起的野生动物。故选A项。 27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：Chrysafis的许多威慑技术都是为了制造人类活动的假象。A. significance意义；B. consequence后果；C. principle原则；D. appearance外观。根据后文“include radios playing voices, motion-activated lights and noise-making equipment.”可知，播放声音的收音机、动作激活灯和制造噪音的设备，这些工具都是用来制造人类活动的假象。故选D项。故选D项。 28．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他使用的工具包括播放声音的收音机、动作激活灯和制造噪音的设备。A. uses使用；B. invents发明；C. repairs修理；D. saves节省。根据前文“Many of Chrysafis’ deterrence techniques are designed to give the 　　　　12　　　　 of human activity.”可知，前文讲述Chrysafis的许多威慑技术都是为了制造人类活动的假象，所以此处应是介绍他使用的工具。故选A项。 29．考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一种有效的方法是人的气味：Chrysafis把汗液从自己的衬衫上挤出来。A. taste味道；B. hearing听力；C. sight视力；D. smell气味。根据后文“Chrysafis presses the sweat out of his own shirt.”可知，Chrysafis把汗液从自己的衬衫上挤出来，是为了留下人类活动的气味。故选D项。 30．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在美国西部悠久的狩猎和诱捕历史中，Chrysafis的方法比较温和。A. faster更快；B. softer更软；C. simpler更简单；D. closer更近。根据前文“His goal is to offer an 　　　　5　　　　　: coexistence.”可知，Chrysafis的目标是人和动物共存，所以Chrysafis的方法比较温和。故选B项。 评卷人 得分 三、完形填空 （23-24高二下·江苏镇江·期末）When light snow began falling, the principal kept a careful eye on the approaching storm. It soon took on qualities of something more terrible. By midday he called the school buses back so the kids could get home safely 31 it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, and felt 32 to be going home early. Then the buses arrived. 33 , the storm suddenly became heavier and it was quickly clear that nobody was going anywhere any time soon. The original plan 34 . Over 300 children got 35 inside the school. As night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping, we began to feel 36 . What would we feed several hundred children for dinner? Where would they sleep? After every parent was 37 that their children were safe, people who lived close enough to 38 the bad weather were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people 39 to travel through the blinding snow, bringing bags of food and blankets. There wasn’t much food, but everything was shared, nobody got hungry and nobody 40 . When night fell, we worked out sleeping arrangements for the kids. 41 by the tension of the day, most of them fell asleep soon on the carpeted floors. 42 , the next morning we awoke to find the storm had stopped. With the roads now clear of snow, our students were soon safely on their way home, and all the staff breathed a sigh of 43 . What might have been a(n) 44 had instead resulted in strengthened 45 between the community and our school. 31．A．as B．when C．before D．after 32．A．disappointed B．honored C．astonished D．thrilled 33．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Otherwise 34．A．broke down B．broke through C．broke out D．broke in 35．A．engaged B．stuck C．caught D．abandoned 36．A．concerned B．confused C．annoyed D．bored 37．A．convinced B．promised C．informed D．reminded 38．A．avoid B．brave C．escape D．ignore 39．A．attempted B．tended C．managed D．happened 40．A．failed B．waited C．opposed D．complained 41．A．Exhausted B．Frightened C．Threatened D．Challenged 42．A．Surely B．Hopefully C．Thankfully D．Strangely 43．A．impatience B．relief C．regret D．surprise 44．A．accident B．intervention C．disaster D．adventure 45．A．feedbacks B．communications C．frictions D．bonds 【答案】 31．C 32．D 33．C 34．A 35．B 36．A 37．C 38．B 39．C 40．D 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．C 45．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了学校遭受暴风雪，300名学生被困，住在附近的人们提供了帮助，让他们度过了灾难。 31．考查连词词义辨析。句意：到了中午，他把校车叫回来，这样孩子们就可以在太晚之前安全到家了。A. as当……的时候；B. when当……的时候；C. before在……之前；D. after在……之后。根据上文“get home safely”和下文“it was too late”可知，是让孩子们在太晚之前到家，空格处是“在……之前”。故选C。 32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的学生们收拾好自己的东西，为能早点回家而兴奋不已。A. disappointed失望的；B. honored荣幸的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. thrilled兴奋的。 根据后文“to be going home early”可知，可以早点回家，学生感到兴奋。故选D。 33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，暴雪突然变得更大了，很明显，短期内没有人能去任何地方。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“going home early”和下文“the storm suddenly became heavier”可知，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选C。 34．考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来的计划失败了。A. broke down计划失败；B. broke through突破；C. broke out爆发；D. broke in闯入。根据上文“nobody was going anywhere any time soon”可知，没有人走得了了，所以之前的计划失败了。故选A。 35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：300多名儿童被困在学校里。A. engaged参与；B. stuck被困；C. caught抓住；D. abandoned抛弃。 根据上文“nobody was going anywhere any time soon.”可知，学生是被困在了学校。故选B。 36．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着夜幕降临，暴雪没有停止的迹象，我们开始感到非常担心。A. concerned担心的；B. confused困惑的；C. annoyed生气的；D. bored厌倦的。 根据上文“the storm showed no signs of stopping”可知，暴雪没有停止的迹象，他们开始感到非常担心。故选A。 37．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每个家长都被告知他们的孩子是安全的之后，住得很近可以冒风雪来的人被打电话问他们是否可以帮忙。A. convinced说服；B. promised承诺；C. informed通知；D. reminded提醒。 根据后文“that their children were safe”可知，此处指通知家长孩子是安全的。故选C。 38．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每个家长都被告知他们的孩子是安全的之后，住得很近可以冒风雪来的人被打电话问他们是否可以帮忙。A. avoid避免；B. brave勇敢面对；C. escape逃走；D. ignore忽视。 根据后文“bad weather were called and asked if they could help”可知，是指那些人住得很近，可以冒着风雪来学校提供帮助。故选B。 39．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，一些人带着一袋袋的食物和毯子，设法穿过令人眩目的暴雪。A. attempted企图；B. tended打算；C. managed设法做成；D. happened发生。 根据后文“to travel through the blinding snow, bringing bags of food and blankets”可知，人们提供帮助，带着一袋袋的食物和毯子，设法穿过大雪。故选C。 40．考查动词词义辨析。句意：食物不多，但所有的东西都是共享的，没有人感到饥饿，也没有人抱怨。A. failed失败；B. waited等待；C. opposed反对；D. complained抱怨。 根据上文“There wasn’t much food, but everything was shared, nobody got hungry and nobody”可知，but表示转折，说明食物不多，但所有的东西都是共享的，没有人抱怨。故选D。 41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于一天的紧张疲惫，他们中的大多数人很快就在铺着地毯的地板上睡着了。A. Exhausted使疲惫；B. Frightened使害怕；C. Threatened受到威胁；D. Challenged受到挑战。 根据后文“by the tension of the day, most of them fell asleep soon on the carpeted floors”可知，因为这一天太让人紧张了，所以学生很疲惫，故选A。 42．考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，第二天早上我们醒来时发现暴风雪已经停了。A. Surely当然；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Thankfully感谢地；D. Strangely奇怪地。 根据后文“find the storm had stopped”可知，第二天暴风雪停了，这是值得感谢的。故选C。 43．考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着道路上的积雪清除，我们的学生很快就安全回家了，所有的工作人员都松了一口气。A. impatience不耐烦；B. relief宽慰；C. regret后悔；D. surprise惊喜。根据上文“our students were soon safely on their way home”可知，学生很快就安全回家了，所有的工作人员应该都松了一口气。故选B。 44．考查名词词义辨析。句意：本可能是一场灾难的结果反而加强了社区和我们学校之间的联系。A. accident事故；B. intervention干预；C. disaster灾难；D. adventure冒险。此处指上文“the storm suddenly became heavier”可知，暴风雪是一场灾难，故选C。 45．考查名词词义辨析。句意：本可能是一场灾难的结果反而加强了社区和我们学校之间的联系。A. feedbacks反馈；B. communications沟通；C. frictions摩擦；D. bonds联系。根据下文“between the community and our school”可知，此处是指社区和学校之间的联系。故选D。 评卷人 得分 四、完形填空 （23-24高二下·山东威海·期末）I was lucky enough to have a lot of great teachers, but one in particular 46 the person I am today: Lin Robbins. Miss Robbins’ enthusiasm was infectious. From the first day of class, she was always smiling and had limitless 47 . In her class, she was no taskmaster and there was no tough love, just 48 about what she could teach us. But it never felt like she was teaching, it was as if she wanted to 49 this really cool thing with you. One day Miss Robbins gave me a copy of The Catcher In The Rye. I couldn’t tell what Miss Robbins 50 in me — why I was given extra 51 and care. But looking back, I know it’s 52 that I was the only one. She had a library at the back of her classroom with a(n) 53 policy around borrowing books. She wasn’t shy about sharing her passion for 54 . She just gave it to me and said, “I think you’ll really 55 it.” It turned out that she was 56 . There was something about the leading character of the novel that I immediately connected with. This 57 inspired me to start writing, and I haven’t 58 since. Tough as it is, I know I have to keep writing. And I also know who I’m 59 on any podium (领奖台). Miss Robbins. I’m grateful that she saw whatever it is she saw in me, and that she gave me the 60 I needed to become a writer. 46．A．changed B．shaped C．respected D．trusted 47．A．creativity B．energy C．devotion D．knowledge 48．A．excitement B．confusion C．anxiety D．confidence 49．A．check B．recall C．share D．exchange 50．A．wanted B．built C．saw D．awoke 51．A．attention B．patience C．sympathy D．comfort 52．A．impossible B．unbelievable C．strange D．surprising 53．A．open B．famous C．sound D．informal 54．A．teaching B．writing C．science D．literature 55．A．notice B．deserve C．like D．make 56．A．right B．proud C．honest D．kind 57．A．gift B．love C．story D．connection 58．A．stopped B．won C．tried D．practiced 59．A．missing B．thanking C．helping D．contacting 60．A．nudge B．pressure C．chance D．method 【答案】 46．B 47．B 48．A 49．C 50．C 51．A 52．A 53．A 54．D 55．C 56．A 57．D 58．A 59．B 60．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了自己因受到八年级老师的热情鼓励，最终走上文学之路的故事。 46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很幸运有很多伟大的老师，但有一位特别塑造了今天的我：Lin Robbins。A. changed改变；B. shaped塑造；C. respected尊敬；D. trusted信任。根据下文“the person I am today”可知，老师是塑造了如今的作者自己。故选B。 47．考查名词词义辨析。句意：从第一天上课开始，她就面带微笑，精力充沛。A. creativity创造力；B. energy精力；C. devotion奉献；D. knowledge知识。根据上文“Miss Robbins’ enthusiasm was infectious”可知，Miss Robbins很有热情，所以此处是说她从第一天上课就精力充沛。故选B。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在她的课堂上，她没有严厉的管教，也没有严厉的爱，只是对她能教给我们的东西感到兴奋。A. excitement兴奋；B. confusion困惑；C. anxiety焦虑；D. confidence自信。根据上文“Miss Robbins’ enthusiasm was infectious”和下文“about what she could teach us”可知，Miss Robbins很有热情，所以对能给学生教的东西感到兴奋。故选A。 49．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她从来都不像是在教学，而是想和你分享这个很酷的东西。A. check检查；B. recall回想起；C. share分享；D. exchange交换。根据下文“this really cool thing with you”可知，Miss Robbins和学生分享很酷的东西。故选C。 50．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不知道Miss Robbins看中了我什么——为什么她对我格外关注和照顾。A. wanted想要；B. built修建；C. saw看见；D. awoke唤醒。根据上文“Miss Robbins gave me a copy of The Catcher In The Rye”可知，Miss Robbins对作者有额外的关心，作者不知道老师是在作者身上看到了什么，空格处意为“看见”，最后一段“I’m grateful that she saw whatever it is she saw in me”也是提示。故选C。 51．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不知道Miss Robbins看中了我什么——为什么她对我格外关注和照顾。A. attention关注；B. patience耐心；C. sympathy同情；D. comfort安慰。根据上文“Miss Robbins gave me a copy of The Catcher In The Rye”可知，老师对作者有额外的关注，所以给了作者一本书。故选A。 52．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但回想起来，我知道我不可能是唯一一个。A. impossible不可能的；B. unbelievable难以置信的；C. strange奇怪的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据下文“She had a library at the back of her classroom with a(n) __8___ policy around borrowing books”可知，作者觉得老师有借书的政策，所以自己不是唯一一个得到老师的书的人，因此空格处是“不可能的”。故选A。 53．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的教室后面有一个图书馆，对借书实行开放政策。A. open开放的；B. famous有名的；C. sound健康的；D. informal非正式的。根据上文“She had a library at the back of her classroom”可知，老师在教室后面有个图书馆，所以借书的政策应该是对学生开放的。故选A。 54．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她并勇于分享她对文学的热爱。A. teaching教学工作；B. writing写作；C. science科学；D. literature文学。根据上文“One day Miss Robbins gave me a copy of The Catcher In The Rye”可知，老师是分享自己对文学的热爱。故选D。 55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想你会喜欢的。A. notice注意到；B. deserve值得；C. like喜欢；D. make制造。根据下文“There was something about the leading character of the novel that I immediately connected with”可知，老师猜作者会喜欢这本书。故选C。 56．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果证明她是对的。A. right对的；B. proud骄傲的；C. honest诚实的；D. kind善良的。根据下文“There was something about the leading character of the novel that I immediately connected with.”可知，小说的主人公身上有某种东西让作者立刻产生了共鸣，所以老师对作者喜欢这本书的猜测是对的。故选A。 57．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种联系激发了我开始写作，从那以后我就没有停止过。A. gift礼物；B. love爱；C. story故事；D. connection联系。根据上文“There was something about the leading character of the novel that I immediately connected with”可知，小说的主人公身上有某种东西让作者立刻产生了共鸣，这种共鸣和联系激发了作者开始写作。故选D。 58．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种联系激发了我开始写作，从那以后我就没有停止过。A. stopped停止；B. won赢；C. tried尝试；D. practiced练习。根据下文“keep writing”可知，作者没有停止过。故选A。 59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我也知道在任何讲台上我都要感谢谁。A. missing错过；B. thanking感谢；C. helping帮助；D. contacting联系。根据下文“on any podium”和“I’m grateful that she saw whatever it is she saw in me”可知，作者得奖了，所以在领奖台上知道自己该感谢Miss Robbins。故选B。 60．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很感激她看到了我身上的优点，她给了我成为作家所需的推动力。A. nudge轻推，推进；B. pressure压力；C. chance机会；D. method方法。根据上文“This__12__inspired me to start writing”可知，Miss Robbins给作者的一本书让作者和小说的主人公身上的某种东西产生了联系，正是这种联系激发了作者开始写作，也就是老师对作者开始写作起到了一定的推动的作用，因此空格处是“推动”。故选A。 评卷人 得分 五、完形填空 （23-24高二下·河南开封·期末）It’s never easy being the new kid in school, especially when you look a little bit different from everyone else. Aside from the usual 61 about not knowing anyone at Henderson High School in Tennessee, 15-year-old Sergio Peralt 62 that people would laugh at him for his 63 . Sergio’s right hand didn’t form fully at birth. “In the first days of school, I honestly felt like 64 my hand in my sleeve (袖子), ” Sergio admitted. “Like nobody would ever find out.” It turns out that his fellow students were a lot more 65 than he assumed. In fact, when the school’s engineering teacher 66 Sergio’s hand, he suggested the students in his class should 67 him. The school is equipped with online modeling software and a 3 D printer, so the teacher suggested a real-life 68 that would benefit both the students and Sergio. Several engineering students 69 began working on a prosthesis (假肢) for their new classmate. “‘We could build your prosthetic hand’, they 70 me and I never expected it, ” said Sergio. Students worked with Sergio to get the prosthesis right, and when it was finished, it 71 all expectations. Sergio was now able to 72 a baseball using his right hand for the first time in his entire life. Beyond the practicality of having a 73 prosthesis, Sergio felt something even more powerful: He fit in. 74 being teased for his disability, he was celebrated and assisted. “They changed my life,” said the 75 teen. 61．A．curiosity B．guilty C．nervousness D．sympathy 62．A．announced B．worried C．remembered D．admitted 63．A．performance B．ambition C．quality D．difference 64．A．waving B．extending C．hiding D．ignoring 65．A．open-minded B．nature-loving C．absent-minded D．hard-working 66．A．trained B．covered C．treated D．noticed 67．A．follow B．help C．challenge D．join 68．A．application B．appointment C．invitation D．explanation 69．A．temporarily B．hesitantly C．eagerly D．impatiently 70．A．promised B．warned C．advised D．questioned 71．A．set up B．lived up to C．ruled out D．fell short of 72．A．catch B．transform C．select D．replace 73．A．familiar B．safe C．useful D．similar 74．A．Regardless of B．Apart from C．Due to D．Rather than 75．A．brave B．grateful C．generous D．considerate 【答案】 61．C 62．B 63．D 64．C 65．A 66．D 67．B 68．A 69．C 70．A 71．B 72．A 73．C 74．D 75．B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了15岁的Sergio Peralta手部有残疾，进入新学校后同学为他制作假肢，改变了他的生活。 61．考查名词词义辨析。句意：15岁的Sergio Peralta除了因为在田纳西州亨德森高中不认识任何人而感到紧张之外，还担心人们会因为他的与众不同而嘲笑他。A. curiosity好奇；B. guilty内疚；C. nervousness紧张；D. sympathy同情。根据空后“not knowing anyone at Henderson High School in Tennessee”可知，在学校不认识任何人，Sergio Peralta应是感到有点紧张，故选C。 62．考查动词词义辨析。句意：15岁的Sergio Peralta除了因为在田纳西州亨德森高中不认识任何人而感到紧张之外，还担心人们会因为他的与众不同而嘲笑他。A. announced宣布；B. worried担心；C. remembered记得；D. admitted承认。根据下文“people would laugh at him for his 3 . Sergio’s right hand didn’t form fully at birth.”可知，Sergio的手有残疾，故他担心别人因为他的不同而嘲笑他，故选B。 63．考查名词词义辨析。句意：15岁的Sergio Peralta除了因为在田纳西州亨德森高中不认识任何人而感到紧张之外，还担心人们会因为他的与众不同而嘲笑他。A. performance表现；B. ambition雄心；C. quality质量；D. difference不同。根据下文“Sergio’s right hand didn’t form fully at birth.”可知，Sergio的手有残疾，故他担心别人因为他的不同而嘲笑他，故选D。 64．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sergio承认：“在开学的头几天，我真的想把手藏在袖子里。”A. waving挥手；B. extending延伸；C. hiding隐藏；D. ignoring忽视。根据上文的“Sergio’s right hand didn’t form fully at birth.”和空后“my hand in my sleeve”可知，Sergio想把手藏在袖子里，故选C。 65．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实证明，他的同学们比他想象的要开明得多。A. open-minded开明的；B. nature-loving热爱自然的；C. absent-minded心不在焉的；D. hard-working勤奋的。根据下文“Several engineering students 9 began working on a prosthesis (假肢) for their new classmate.”可知，几个工程系的学生急切地开始为他们的新同学制作假肢，Sergio的同学们比他想象的要开明得多，故选A。 66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：事实上，当学校的工程老师注意到Sergio的手时，他建议班上的学生应该能够帮助他。A. trained训练；B. covered覆盖；C. treated治疗；D. noticed注意到。根据下文“he suggested the students in his class should help him.”可知，老师注意到Sergio的手有残疾，故选D。 67．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. follow跟随；B. help帮助；C. challenge挑战；D. join加入。根据上文的“when the school’s engineering teacher 6 Sergio’s hand, he suggested the students in his class should”可知，老师看到Sergio的手有残疾，建议同学们帮助他，故选B。 68．考查名词词义辨析。句意：学校配备了在线建模软件和3D打印机，所以老师建议在现实生活中应用，这对Sergio和其他学生都有好处。A. application应用；B. appointment约会；C. invitation邀请；D. explanation解释。根据上文的“The school is equipped with online modeling software and a 3 D printer, so the teacher suggested a real-life”和下文“that would benefit both the students and Sergio”可知，老师建议在现实生活中应用这些设备，这对Sergio和其他学生都有好处。故选A。 69．考查副词词义辨析。句意：几个工程系的学生急切地开始为他们的新同学制作假肢。A. temporarily暂时地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. eagerly急切地；D. impatiently不耐烦地。结合空后“began working on a prosthesis”可知，听了老师的建议，同学们应是急切地着手开始为他们的新同学制作假肢，故选C。 70．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“‘我们可以给你做假手’，他们承诺我，但我从没想过，”Sergio说。A. promised承诺；B. warned警告；C. advised建议；D. questioned质疑。根据上文的“We could build your prosthetic hand”可知，同学们承诺为Sergio制作假肢，故选A。 71．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：学生们和Sergio一起完成了假肢，当它完成时，它没有辜负所有人的期望。A. set up建立；B. lived up to不辜负；C. ruled out排除；D. fell short of未达到。根据下文的“Sergio was now able to 12 a baseball using his right hand for the first time in his entire life”可知，Sergio现在可以用右手接住棒球了，假肢非常好，没有辜负所有人的期望，故选B。 72．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Sergio现在可以用右手接住棒球了，这是他一生中的第一次。A. catch接住；B. transform转变；C. select选择；D. replace替换。根据下文的“a baseball using his right hand for the first time in his entire life”可知，Sergio现在可以用右手接住棒球了，故选A。 73．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：除了拥有一个有用的假肢的实用性之外，Sergio还有一种更强大的感觉：他融入了这个群体。A. familiar熟悉的；B. safe安全的；C. useful有用的；D. similar相似的。根据上文“a baseball using his right hand for the first time in his entire life. Beyond the practicality of having a”可知，Sergio有了假肢后能用右手接住棒球，假肢的效果很好，故此处指有用的假肢，故选C。 74．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他得到了赞美和帮助，而不是因为自己的残疾而被嘲笑。A. Regardless of不管；B. Apart from除了；C. Due to由于；D. Rather than而不是。根据下文“he was celebrated and assisted”可知，他得到了赞美和帮助，而不是被嘲笑。故选D。 75．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“他们改变了我的生活，”这位感激的少年说。A. brave勇敢的；B. grateful感激的；C. generous慷慨的；D. considerate体贴的。根据上文的“he was celebrated and assisted”可知，Sergio感激同学们的帮助，故选B。 ( 8 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$