专题14 期末复习之阅读理解20篇（浙江期末真题）-2024-2025学年高一英语上学期期末复习查缺补漏冲刺满分（人教版2019）

期末复习之阅读理解20篇 (浙江期末真题) （23-24高一上·浙江·期末）Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were two young men from Germany who loved a good story. As university students, they became interested in folktales-traditional stories that people memorized and told again and again. They began to collect traditional folktales from storytellers a over Germany in order to record old German poems and to preserve history. Many were similar to stories told in France, Italy, Japan, and other countries. Between 1812 and 1814, the brothers published two books in German. The collections became known in English as Grimm’s Fairy Tales. It includes some 200 stories, most of which were adopted from oral sources. The best-known tales include “Snow White,” “Little Red Riding Hood,” and “Sleeping Beauty”. The Grimm brothers’ tales reflected traditional life and beliefs. For example, forests are common in Germany, and this image often appears in the Grimms’ stories. In the past, many people believed forests were dangerous places. In the Grimms’ stories, a forest is the home of evil witches (女巫), talking animals, and other magical beings. Although most people today think of these stories as fairy tales for children, the brothers first wrote them mainly for adults. Many of their early tales were dark and a little scary. Later, the brothers changed the text of some of the original stories. They “softened” many of the tales and added drawings. Ims made them more appropriate for children. Like the early tales, though, each story still has a moral (道德准则): work hard, be good, and listen to your parents. The Grimms believed that the most natural and pure forms of culture were based in language and history. Their work influenced other collectors, both inspiring them to collect tales and leading them to similarly believe that the fairy tales of a country were particularly typical of it. 1．What can we know about the Grimm brothers’ tales according to the text? A．They were originally intended for children. B．They were rewritten to be brighten and less frightening. C．They were collected from stories around the world. D．They were taken from written books of storytellers. 2．What were displayed in the Grimm brothers’ tales? A．Traditional life and beliefs. B．German language and history. C．Magical forests and animals. D．Famous people and stories. 3．Where is the passage probablv taken from? A．A museum guidebook. B．A social report. C．A book review. D．A culture magazine. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress. On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness. Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes in the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes. We should embrace our heritage through our traditional food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such. 1．What’s the function of food mentioned in the article? A．To show national identity. B．To help motivate homesickness. C．To reflect a country’s history. D．To show a community’s superiority. 2．What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The national culture. B．The specific traditional food. C．A traditional expression of food. D．The old-fashioned taste. 3．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant? A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes. B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil. C．To present their own food culture in a new way. D．To make the dishes popular among customers. 4．What's the author’s attitude towards different food cultures? A．Negative. B．Unfair. C．Positive. D．Opposed. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）SUNSHINE SCHOOL TENNIS LESSONSTerm 4— Grade 1-6 All the tennis lessons will start from October 10th. The cost is $ 136. 00 for 8 lessons. Classes missed because of rain will be made up. All the cost must be paid at the first lesson. ★TENNIS MEETING   A meeting will be held at lunchtime, Tuesday, October 9th, the day before the course begins, on the school tennis courts to let you know the lesson time. Please ask your child to be there. ★FREE TENNIS RACQUET All new students will receive a free tennis racquet when joining for the first time. ★NOTICE The cost can be paid in cash or by card. Let us know the time your child cannot take the lessons. And it's impossible for us to give lessons at your requested time. 1．From the tennis meeting, we can know ________. A．the time to take the lesson B．the number of students to take the lesson C．where to take the lesson D．how to play tennis 2．________ can get a free racquet. A．Students having paid the cost B．Students paying the cost in cash C．Students joining for the first time D．Students having taken the lessons before 3．The passage is written for ________. A．parents B．teachers C．students D．coaches （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Just when you thought you were taking care of your health by eating enough fruit and vegetables every day, new research has come out revealing that you might be swallowing microplastic particles (颗粒) along with all those vitamins, minerals, and fiber. A groundbreaking study published in the journal Environmental Research has found that fruits and vegetables absorb microplastic particles from the soil and move them through vegetal tissues, where they remain until eaten by hungry diners, thus getting transferred to human bodies. The researchers, who are from the University of Catania in Italy, as well as Sousse and Monastir universities in Tunisia, analyzed a variety of common fruits and vegetables —carrots, lettuce, broccoli, potatoes, apples, and pears. These were chosen for the fact that they are frequently consumed, usually one per day, which allowed the researchers to better assess the dietary intakes of MPs (microplastic particles) and NPs (nano-plastics). The samples were purchased from different sources in the city of Catania, including a small fruit vendor and a supermarket. The researchers found that apples, followed by pears, were the most polluted fruit samples, and carrots were the most polluted vegetable. In the study’s discussion section, the authors wrote, “We can assume that the fruits contain more MPs not only because of the very high vascularization (血管化) of the fruit pulp (果肉) but also due to the greater size and complexity of the root system and age of the tree (several years) compared to the vegetables (60-75 days for the carrot).” This study is important because it's the first to detect microplastics in fruits and vegetables. They have been found in other sources before, such as sea salt, beer, water (bottled, in particular), shellfish, sugar, soil, and even air, but never inside fresh produce. It’s an alarming discovery that raises yet another red flag about microplastic pollution in the natural environment. It’s an area that will likely see a lot more attention in coming years, with the study authors calling for further research into the question of microplastic and whether it harms the health of both plants and humans. 1．What is the study mainly about? A．The main cause and influence of soil pollution. B．The microplastic pollution in fruits and vegetables. C．The benefits of daily fruits and vegetables consumption D．The great changes in people's dietary habits. 2．What may cause fruits to contain more MPs according to the authors? A．The age of root system. B．The huge size of fruit tree roots. C．The complex preservation method. D．The large amounts of the fruit pulp. 3．What do the study authors think of the research on microplastic? A．It needs to be further studied. B．It wasted them quite a lot of time. C．It has caused harm to health. D．It has attracted attention to diets. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）A five-year-old dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck. The man, Bob, was alone when he left his Michigan farmhouse on New Year’s Eve to collect firewood. Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns(衬裤), a shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around -4℃. After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow. Fortunately, Kelsey came to his assistance. “I was shouting for help, but my nearest neighbor is about 400 meters away, and it was10:30 pm,” Bob explained. “But my Kelsey came. By the next morning, my voice was gone and I couldn’t yell for help, but Kelsey didn’t stop barking.” Kelsey’s companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to keep him awake. “Kelsey kept barking but never left my side,” Bob recalled. “She kept me warm. I knew I couldn’t give up and that it was my choice to stay alive.” Bob spent 20 hours in the freezing cold. When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob’s neighbor discovered him at 6: 30 pm on New Year’s Day and called the emergency services at once. When Bob arrived in hospital, his body temperature was below 21℃. However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn’t have any frostbite(冻疮). They believed it was because of Kelsey’s determination to keep him warm. Dr. Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, “Animals can help and his dog really saved him… He was very fortunate. Bob said he was “enormously” grateful to both Dr. Colen and his Kelsey. “They saved my life. They are truly heroes!” 1．What happened to Bob on New Year’s Eve? A．He left his dog alone in his farmhouse. B．He was praised for saving a dog owner. C．He heard his neighbor’s shouting for help. D．He broke his neck and couldn’t move. 2．Why did Kelsey keep barking? A．To keep Bob warm. B．To stay alive. C．To keep Bob awake. D．To seek help from others. 3．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Neck-breaking Accident B．The Magic Night in Snow C．Warmth on a Winter’s Night D．Determination to Keep Alive （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末） New big pack from Sierra DesignsThe latest pack from Sierra Designs is the Gigawatt 60L. The pack has an adjustable back system that fits back lengths from 40cm to 53cm. It's made from durable 300D polyester. Features include a zipped top and side access, oversized side and front pockets. The Gigawatt 60L weighs 1. 84kg and costs £130. sierradesigns. com Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale bootsMaestrale Re-Made ski boots are made from Polymer taken from around three tons of leftover materials. Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a "classic" boot from plant-based Pebax Rnew, which emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. The design and manufacturing process behind the Re-Made boot were developed by Scarpa's Green Lab, the production department dedicated to sustainable solutions. A pair costs £500. scarpa. co. uk ellis-brigham. com Vaque Breese gets sustainable updateThe well-established Vasque Breeze hiking boor has been modernised with environmentally friendly materials. It's now made with recycled polyester and is the first boot to have a VasqueDry Waterproof membrane, which is made from 25% recycled materials. The Breeze is also comfortable to wear with its soft footbed. The Brecze weighs 1120 grams and comes in two widths. It costs £140. vasgue. com The North Face launches new ski touring clothingThe Dawn Tum clothing provides a layering system for ski touring designed to keep you warm, dry and freely moving. It includes a shell jacket, midlayers, trousers and accessories. The Dawn Turn 2. 0 jacket won the innovation award at ISPO for its breathable layer. The cost is £350. The Dawn Turn 1. 0 Jacket is made from waterproof DryVent. It features a windproof hood and oversized front pockets, and costs £325. thenorthface. co. uk 1．If you want to buy a pair of Maestrale Re-Made ski boots and a waterproof jacket, what is the total cost? A．£500 B．£825 C．£850 D．£840 2．According to the passage, what information can we get? ①The back system of the Gigawatt 601 can adjust itself to suit any back length. ②The layering system of The Dawn Turn clothing ensures you to be flexible when skiing. ③The Vasque Breeze boots have been updated with high-end material that are environmentally friendly ④The manufacturing process of Maestrale Re-Made ski boots is more sustainable than that of classic ones from plant-based Pebax Rnew. A．②④ B．①② C．②③ D．①④ 3．Where can you probably find the text? A．In an outdoor magazine B．In an official report C．In a science journal D．In a fiction collection （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Imagine if there were a robotic fish that filtered microplastic out of the water as it swam. Well, now there is one, and it’s the physical version of the winning concept in the first-ever Natural Robotics Contest. Announced this May, the University of Surrey’s Natural Robots Contest invited members of the public to give their concepts for animal—or plant-inspired robots capable of performing activities that would help the world. Plans called for experts from various British and European research centers to select what they thought was the best concept, which would then be made into a real robot. Engineers would proceed to further develop the technology. The winning concept turned out to be the plastic-collecting Robo-fish, designed by chemistry student Eleanor Mackintosh—who is a University of Surrey student. Mackintosh said, “Fish’s gills are an incredible mechanism in nature that are specialized to filter oxygen into the bloodstream—so I adapted my design from that, with the purpose of dealing with the plastic pollution in the water.” The robot swims by moving its tail, holding its mouth wide open to-collect water and microplastics in its belly as it does so. Once that cavity is full, the robot closes its mouth, opens its gills, and pushes the water out through. A fine net attached to the gill flaps allows the water to pass through, but captures the microplastic. In its current physical form, the 50-cm-long Robo-fish collects microplastic as small as 2 millimeters. It also uses sensors to monitor underwater environment, plus it tracks its movements within the water. Future robots could capture much smaller particles. Other possible improvements include a faster body shape, a more powerful tail, and the ability to swim autonomously. 1．How do the participants attend the Natural Robotics Contest? A．By handing in real robots. B．By sending the concepts of robots. C．By selecting the best robot concepts. D．By developing the technology of robots. 2．What inspired Mackintosh to design the robot? A．The enthusiasm for robots. B．The function of fish’s gills. C．The body shape of the fish. D．The plastic pollution in the water. 3．What does the author intend to show in paragraph 5? A．How the robotic fish works in water. B．How the robotic fish is further improved. C．Why Mackintosh’s robot won the contest. D．What materials the robotic fish is made of. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．The First Bio-Inspired Robotics Contest B．The One-Size-Fits-All Solution to Plastics C．An Autonomously Operative Robotic Fish D．A Student-Designed Plastic-Collecting Fish （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Welcome to “Cash Poor Points Rich”, a new travel blog devoted to sharing experiences with credit card points and miles to help you get big travel but for small spend. With the right planning and the best use of available resources, traveling as a college student may be easier than you think. Chengdu, China If visiting a place with happy locals is a top choice for you, there’s no better city to hit than Chengdu. It is home to pandas and spicy things. Moreover, the city’s richness of cultural and historical sights, together with its laid-back lifestyle, make itself one of the most attractive and livable large cities too. Past travelers have spent, on average, ¥158 on meals and about a quarter of that on local transportation for one day. Con Dao, Vietnam Tourism-is picking up in Vietnam lately, where you can travel for about ¥100 per day if you play your cards right. Con Dao Island Nation Park, a group of dramatic tiny islands off the southern coast, is a great destination to see sea turtles and other wildlife while exploring the area on foot. Its thick jungle will give you a good chance to uncover a paradise of your own. Zakynthos, Greece If you’re looking for an affordable European summer beach vacation, consider Zakynthos. Food is cheap and mouthwatering. There are plenty of free things to do, although the favorite is spending time on the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water. There are countless options for swimming in the appealing sea, along with charming villages and museums to explore. New Orleans, U.S. New Orleans is an incredibly unique place in the U.S., full of fascinating history, absorbing culture, delicious food, and a constantly buzzing nightlife scene. There are actually a couple of hostels in and near the French Quarter that offer reasonable accommodation rates for students. 1．How much on average might be spent on meals and transportation in Chengdu per day? A．¥185. B．¥160. C．¥158. D．¥200. 2．What do Con Dao and Zakynthos have in common? A．Rich cultures. B．Large museums. C．Impressive sea views. D．Free tourist attractions. 3．What is the advantage of the French Quarter? A．Hostels there are clean and modern. B．It offers unique services for students. C．At has the longest history in New Orleans. D．The price of hostels there is affordable for students. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Chinese state media has praised a viral video series telling the story of a jade teapot coming to life and escaping from the British Museum to make its way back home. The set of three short episodes, entitled Escape from the British Museum, shows the teapot turning into a young woman in a green dress, who then asks a London-based Chinese journalist to help her reunite with her family. The plot line taps into growing Chinese criticism (批评) of the British Museum after reports last month that more than 1, 500 priceless objects were missing, stolen or damaged. In August the state media Global Times called for the return of Chinese artefacts from the museum “free of charge”. “The huge loophole (漏洞) in the management and safety of cultural objects in the British Museum have led to the falling of a long-standing and widely spread claim that ‘foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum’,” it said. It strongly supported the video series for touching on a “powerful message” about the importance of cultural heritage and reflecting “Chinese people’s eagerness for the return of the Chinese cultural relics”. State broadcaster CCTV also gave the short films a glowing review saying: “We are very pleased to see Chinese young people are passionate about history and tradition. We are also looking forward to the early return of Chinese artefacts that have been displaced overseas.” The museum incident made headlines around the world and revived earlier demands by the Chinese media to restore the country’s relics. The new three-part show has set off a wave of nationalism among viewers, with many praising the creative plot that reduced them to tears by showing how the teapot experienced the happiness of returning to China to see pandas and watch a flag-raising ceremony on Tiananmen Square. “May all the cultural relics abroad return home as soon as possible!” said one of tens of thousands of people who commented on social media sites. 1．What can be learned about Escape from the British Museum? A．It is filmed by the state media. B．It consists of three short episodes. C．It is supported by the British Museum. D．It shows how a green princess makes her way home. 2．What do the underlined words “taps into” mean in the third paragraph? A．Goes against. B．Agrees with. C．Makes use of. D．Brings about. 3．What was the attitude of Global Times toward the video series? A．Disapproving. B．Objective. C．Tolerant. D．Supportive. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The reputation of Chinese artefacts worldwide. B．The irresponsibility of the British Museum missing a teapot. C．The influence of Chinese state media on the global viewers. D．The popularity of the series about the return of Chinese relics. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）A popular saying goes, “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” However, that’s not really true. Words have the power to build us up or tear us down. It doesn’t matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves — the positive and negative effects are just as lasting. We all talk to ourselves sometimes. We’re usually too ashamed to admit it, though. In fact, we really shouldn’t be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit. This “self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down. Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. So in order to stay positive, we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves. We should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back. The next time you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying “Good job!” Often, words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have. But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others. For example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clerk will probably answer in a similar manner. Or harsh (刻薄的) and critical language will most likely cause the clerk to be defensive. Words have power because of their lasting effect. Many of us regret something we once said. And we remember unkind words said to us! Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: Is it loving? Is it needed? If what we want to say doesn’t pass this test, then it’s better left unsaid. Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem (自尊) and motivate others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things. Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours. 1．What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A．Words have a great effect on us. B．Encouraging words give us confidence. C．Negative words may let us down. D．Not sticks and stones but words will hurt us. 2．Why is there no need for us to feel ashamed when we talk to ourselves? A．Almost everybody has the habit of talking to themselves. B．Talking to ourselves can have positive effect on us. C．Talking to ourselves always gives us courage. D．It does no harm to have “self-talk” when we are alone. 3．What does the underlined sentence mean? A．Make ourselves relaxed. B．Remind ourselves. C．Praise ourselves. D．Give ourselves happiness. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Encouraging words are sure to lead to kind offers. B．Negative words may inspire us to make more progress. C．It is better to think twice before talking to others. D．People tend to remember friendly words. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Simon James is a super-trail runner (越野跑步者) who encourages people to reconnect with nature in the name of exercise. He has completed Super Trail in the Alps, the Andes and the Himalayas. A late-night bet with a client (客户) got him tied to running. “In 2006, a business client challenged me one evening in a bar to a 36-hour walk across 54 miles of the West Highland Way, and I foolishly said ‘yes’,” James said. “He then rang me the next day to tell me we would be running it.” At the time, James was 20 kilograms overweight and the longest he had run before that was just under 8 miles, but he managed to finish that run and has never looked back. According to a report, two-thirds of adults in the U.K. are overweight, one-fifth suffering from depression (抑郁). The huge influence caused by modern lifestyle has worsened these issues. We are aware of the importance of exercise in everyday life, and no amount of virtual meetings can make up for direct social contact. James said, “Only one thing can fix these problems — trail running.” What is unique about trail running, he explained, is that “it reconnects us to our beautiful nature and connects our physical, mental and spiritual aspects, as well as providing us with an experience which can connect us to other people”. Inspired, he quit his city life of working 16-hour-plus-days as a banker, and spent more time in trails and mountains. James is now in charge of the trail running company Run the Wild. He said every run has been a gift following a physical operation in 2015, even though his doctor told that he could hardly run again. He said, “The outdoors is such a great place for us all to experience.” 1．How did Simon James take part in trail running? A．He was inspired by a friend. B．He tried to deal with his health issue. C．He made a bet with a client. D．He had a passion for workout. 2．What do we know about trail running? A．It focuses largely on overweight British people. B．It has little influence on people’s mental health. C．It connects people through virtual community. D．It helps to build the social connection for people. 3．Which word can best describe Simon? A．Adventurous. B．Sociable. C．Kind-hearted. D．Determined. 4．What can be the best title of this text? A．A Unique Experience B．Running Wonder C．A Trail to Nature D．Depression Disorders （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）It can be really challenging to learn a language well without living in a country full of native speakers! You have to find something captivating! Here’s the solution: TV series. Game of Thrones You should really start watching it. The language is beautiful and easy to follow. Drama, love and good characters mark the show and there are actors from all over the world. You won’t know what’s going to happen at the ending. This is a must-see! Sherlock A British masterpiece. Is there any language learner who has not heard of Sherlock Holmes and his friend John Watson? The writers placed the stories into London in the 21st century, so it’s basically a modern version of the original stories. Here you have everything that an English language leaner could wish for. British accents, good acting, long and interesting conversations with a sense of British humour. Friends Everybody knows Friends, which couldn’t be missed off of this list. With many different accents to be heard and a variety of dialects, this is the perfect show for English learners. The plot is relatively simple to understand. Six friends battle with tough jobs, complicated relationships and life in Manhattan, New York. In parts of the show there are also British accents to listen to and learn. How I Met Your Mother It is one of the most successful situation comedies in the United States, attracting the audience all over the world. It’s about the life of five friends that live in New York, focusing on their work and their favourite leisure time activity: sitting in their favourite bar. You get to know many modern American expressions and can enjoy various dialects that make the show even more engaging. 1．Which of the following has an unexpected ending? A．Game of Thrones. B．Sherlock. C．Friends. D．How I Met Your Mother. 2．What can audience learn from both Sherlock and Friends? A．American dialects. B．American humour. C．British accents. D．Complicated acting. 3．What do we know about How I Met Your Mother? A．It is about five American students’ daily life. B．There are many formal expressions in the show. C．It’s the most successful situation comedy in the US. D．It enjoys popularity among audience around the world. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Thousands of lives have been saved by giving blood-thinning drugs to people with a heart condition that leaves them at risk of a stroke(中风), according to the head of the NHS. Since January 2022 about 460,000 people in England who suffer from atrial fibrillation(AF)- a dangerously irregular heart rate-have begun taking one of four anticoagulant(抗凝血剂) drugs that are proved to reduce stroke risk. Speedy introduction of the drugs has kept 4,000 people alive who would otherwise have died and prevented about 17,000 strokes, according to Amanda Pritchard. Strokes kill about 27,000 people a year in England and lead to about 120,000 being taken to hospital. A drive to encourage take-up of the drugs means 90% of the 1.5 million people in England with AF are using them. That should result in fewer strokes, which are a leading cause of death and disability, given that AF causes about one in five strokes. “The rapid introduction of these drugs is a big step forward in providing the best possible care for patients with heart disease”, Pritchard, the leader of NHS(National Health Service) England, will say in a speech today at the King’s Fund health experts’ yearly conference. The drugs, called direct oral anticoagulants, help stop blood from clotting(凝血), therefore reducing the risk of a clot developing and causing a stroke. In 2021 the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommended that doctors use four anticoagulant drugs. Dr Maeva May, the Stroke Association’s director, thought the widespread use of the drugs as “fantastic news”, because AF accounts for one in five strokes and strokes in people with AF are more likely to result in death or serious disability. NHS England has used its spending power to cut deals with the makers of the four drugs, which has made them much more widely available. The British Heart Foundation praised the NHS’s “great progress towards its goal of reducing stroke deaths”. 1．What is the purpose of listing numbers in paragraph 2? A．To attract the readers’ attention to strokes. B．To introduce the specific information about AF. C．To show the effects of four anticoagulant drugs. D．To summarize the steps towards reducing deaths. 2．What is the main function of anticoagulant drugs? A．To identify signs of strokes. B．To reduce blood pressure. C．To keep heart beating. D．To prevent blood clotting. 3．What can be inferred about NHS England and drug makers from the text? A．They have reached some agreements. B．They have provided free treatment. C．They have established disease funds. D．They have reminded of stroke deaths. 4．Which is the best title for the text? A．Recognising Signs of A Heart Attack B．A Breakthrough in Stroke Prevention C．Exploring Kinds of Anticoagulant Drugs D．NHS England’s Life-Saving Conference （23-24高一上·浙江宁波·期末）On April 18—the International Day for Monuments and Sites, China Daily’s digital employee Yuanxi and Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes’ official virtual carto on figure Jiayao together introduced an interactive digital platform that hosts a virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes’ Library Cave (藏经洞) to the world. The platform was developed jointly by the Dunhuang Academy and the Chinese tech firm Tencent. It uses gaming technologies to show the historical scenes of the Library Cave in the digital world. The Library Cave in Mogao Grottoes was discovered in 1900, with more than 60,000 cultural relics dating from the 4th century to the 11th century unearthed. It was one of the most important archaeological discoveries in the 20th century. On the platform, visitors can role-play and “time travel” to ancient dynasties and talk with eight historical figures. The public can enter the platform through the Digital Dunhuang website and its WeChat mini program. In the digital age, the model of “culture+technology” has been introduced to facilitate the development of Chinese culture. The digitalization rate of China’s precious cultural relics is now over 70 percent, according to the 2022 China Digital Collection Industry Research Report released by iResearch. Institutions such as the Palace Museum have also started online digital services of their own. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology allows the public to view the interior of the buildings through the Palace Museum’s WeChat mini program. The Ministry of Culture and Tourism has also encouraged the development and transformation of cultural intellectual property (知识产权) by digital means. China Central Television has created a series of digital collections with different Dunhuang themes, such as the Dunhuang divine deer (神鹿) Youyou. It was created based on the image of the nine-colored deer from Dunhuang murals (壁画). The public can see the divine deer on CCTV’s own digital platform. Digital collections cater to the consumption habits of young people, who grow up in the information age. They not only protect the intellectual property of the collections but also bring the public closer to China’s “excellent traditional culture”, noted Dunhuang Art Institute. Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy, told Xinhua that more efforts will be made to explore new forms for showing cultural relics and offer the public greater cultural experiences to develop Dunhuang culture. 1．Which of the following statements about the virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes’ Library Cave is true? A．It was developed by the Dunhuang Academy alone. B．The public can have access to it through Wechat mini program. C．It has applied the latest time-traveling and gaming technology. D．It was unearthed in 1900 with more than 60,000 cultural relics. 2．What is the purpose of the model of “culture+technology”? A．To show the latest gaming technologies. B．To help cultural institutions make a profit. C．To promote the development of Chinese culture. D．To encourage people to explore Chinese cultural relics. 3．How does the author introduce the success of digital collections in Paragraph 7? A．By listing figures. B．By making comparisons. C．By giving definitions. D．By giving examples. 4．Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? A．China’s new way in rebuilding Mogao Grottoes’ Library Cave. B．China’s success in promoting the digitization rate of cultural relics. C．China’s interactive digital platform in developing Dunhuang culture. D．China’s latest advances in the development of cultural intellectual property. （23-24高一上·浙江宁波·期末）Learning any language is hard, but learning English can be especially challenging. Why? Because native speakers use the language in ways that textbooks could never describe. In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads. Here’s an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a “wazzock”. But what exactly is a wazzock? This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there’s nothing about it that would help you guess that. There are many strange terms like this in British English — the Oxford English Dictionary would be much smaller without these odd usages filling its pages. How can these odd words be explained? Part of the answer is the British sense of humor. Britons don’t like to take things too seriously, and this is evident through many British words and phrases. For example, to “spend a penny” means to use the bathroom. It refers to the days when people had to pay a penny to use a public toilet. In an interview for the BBC’s website, British linguist David Crystal suggested there may be historical reasons for the large number of odd words and phrases in British English. He thinks that they began in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. This was a great age for the theater, when Shakespear e and other writers worked hard to keep up with the demand for new plays. The theater’s popularity also created an incentive to invent new words. With this in mind, perhaps Shakespeare and his peers are to blame for unusual British words such as “codswallop” and “balderdash” — which both, mean “nonsense”. While these strange words may be confusing to non-native speakers, they certainly make studying English a lot more interesting. 1．According to the text, why may non-native speakers find it more challenging to learn English? A．Dictionaries are too complicated to understand. B．The English vocabulary is too large for them to learn. C．A large number of strange expressions confuse them. D．The English textbooks they use are usually out of date. 2．With the example of “the Oxford English Dictionary” in Paragraph 2, the author intends to . A．stress the large number of strange terms B．explain the origin of the strange phrases C．show British people’s attitude towards odd phrases D．show the usefulness of the Oxford English Dictionary 3．Which of the following words has the similar meaning to the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 4? A．concern B．inspiration C．application D．opinion 4．What is the tone of the author in writing the article? A．Aerious. B．Anxious. C．Indifferent. D．Humorous. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）For adults, communicating in our first language feels easy and natural. Yet learning language is a complex process that is influenced by several factors. When young children are beginning to learn language, some influences, such as the amount of speech a child hears and the amount of time they spend in back-and-forth language interactions with others, have what may appear to be obvious connections to language learning. Perhaps less obvious is that children’s own physical experiences with their environment help them learn new words. In new research in the cognitive (认知的) sciences, we investigated how this Is the case by considering how children learn words that refer to something they can touch, grasp and interact with. We asked parents to rate how easily a child can physically interact with the object, idea or experiences that a word refers to. We found words that refer to objects that are easy for children to interact with are also words that are learned at an earlier age. For instance, a word such as spoon is usually learned earlier than a word such as sky. And this relationship remains even when we consider other things that can affect word learning, such as how common a word is in everyday language. Words such as spoon and sky are both relevant to everyday life, and so children will probably hear those words quite early in their development. One difference between them is that spoon refers to something they can touch, grasp and interact with, whereas sky does not. Our findings agree with those of studies where babies wore small head-mounted body cameras to record their interactions with objects. Those studies show that the children’s own physical experiences helps them learn new words. For instance, in one study researchers found that 18-month-old babies were more likely to learn the-name of a new object when they held that object, and less likely to learn the name if their parent held the new object. Another study found that 15-month-olds who spent more time using new objects had learned more nouns by the time they were 21 months old. 1．What is the aim of the new research? A．To study how a baby interacts with everyday objects. B．To find out what influences a baby’s language learning. C．To investigate how a baby learns names of everyday objects. D．To see if babies’ physical experiences help them learn new words. 2．Which of the following might a baby learn at an earlier age? A．Sky. B．Heart. C．Milk. D．Leaf. 3．What can we infer about the author? A．A parent. B．A professor. C．A researcher. D．A journalist. 4．What is the function of the last paragraph? A．To further support their finding. B．To summarize the research result. C．To point out new research directions. D．To introduce results of other findings. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）I was cutting up lettuce in the kitchen when I suddenly remembered watching a video about soaking the lettuce stub (莴苣残余部分) in water to grow a whole new vegetable. So I took out a wide-mouthed cup and placed the stub into it, gave it a little water, and placed it by the window. On a snowy morning I noticed the first sign. A first small leaf from its heart spread out. A tiny green flag of hope. Beaten, but not defeated. This lettuce was not done living! Within days, it was impossible to see the cuts where I had removed the leaves. The growth was explosive. And when I lifted the blossoming head out of the cup, tiny root threads fell down, seeking for the earth. What is growing here? Lettuce or hope? If I were a lettuce in a similar condition, I’d want to skeptically assess where I found myself before committing to full growth. Yet for this lettuce, my inadequate offering of water and a place by a window was enough for it to decide to reclaim itself again. It grew in a cup of water, in faith. This is the heart of this lettuce: alive, strong and fearless. It deserved a name. I decided to call it Monty. Monty wanted to grow, as we all do. I think I gave him a little love and freedom. Those two were all he needed to return to himself. I see joy in this lettuce. The return to self is always an expression of joy, which is life itself. This is the tendency of all living things. Monty still lives in a cup, but I’m going to transplant him outside. He deserves to become his full self. The only problem I see now is my ability to support Monty. I hope I have enough of a green finger. I’m surprised to find myself where I am. Maybe Monty is, too. I have the same choice as he does: give in or start again. The prospect of starting again is discouraging. But my lettuce-friend, Monty, leads the way. I can only hope to be as brave. 1．Why did the author soak the stub in water? A．To decorate the nice cup. B．To hope that it would grow. C．To make a video in person. D．To remove kitchen rubbish. 2．What can we infer from paragraph two? A．This lettuce showed no sign of recovery. B．This lettuce was still fighting to survive. C．Tiny root thread climbed out of the cup. D．The cuts can still be seen where there used to be leaves. 3．How would the author feel if put in the lettuce’s situation? A．Hesitant. B．Fearless. C．Aimless. D．Annoyed. 4．What can we learn from Monty? A．Never being afraid to restart yourself. B．Believing in yourself when in trouble. C．Enjoying your own life to the fullest. D．Giving freedom to the heart in a way. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）No one likes interruption. We are born to seek balance and order. No matter what it is that you are doing, being interrupted involves a forceful stop midway and then having to re-enter your former state, sometimes with great difficulty. Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break. However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise. The connection between interruption and memory drew her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing memory of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but little memory of the orders that were already completed. Back in her laboratory, she conducted studies in which subjects were required to complete various puzzles. Some of the subjects were interrupted during the tasks. All the subjects were then asked to describe what tasks they had done. It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. To put it another way, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them! In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are highlighted in the mental to-do list our brains draw up for us. Zeigarnik described this finding in the late 1920s, which was later called Zeigarnik effect. One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are longing for them to be completed, in order to regain a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog and give the space to more upcoming tasks. Zeigarnik’s effect can be found everywhere, especially used in media and advertising. Have you ever wondered why cliffhangers work so well or why you just can’t get yourself to stop watching that series on Netflix? Ernest Hemingway once said about writing a novel, “It is the wait until the next day that is hard to get through.” So next time, when you are interrupted, appreciate it and take advantage of it to promote your productivity. 1．What is a common practice to finish a task? A．Working in a focused period. B．Working with uncommon breaks. C．Working with a stop midway. D．Working in an interrupted session. 2．What is the finding of the Zeigarnik’s experiment? A．Interruption recalls details. B．Interruption betters memory. C．Interruption breaks balance. D．Interruption reduces efficiency. 3．What is the possible reason behind Zeigarnik’s effect? A．The physical backlog. B．The desire for balance. C．The outside pressure. D．The upcoming tasks. 4．Which of the following is an example of the application of Zeigarnik’s effect? A．Fashion shows. B．Talk shows. C．Online news. D．TV series. （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）The public nowadays has a misunderstanding of forest fires, believing that fires should be kept out of every type of forest. Many of us can recall Smokey the Bear’s famous warning: “Remember, only YOU can prevent forest fires”. However, that’s not always the case. Under the right conditions, and when conducted safely, fire can create many environmental benefits as well as help prevent larger, uncontrollable wildfires. After a forest fire, many wildlife species will move into recently burned areas to feed on these newly available foods. Some reptiles and amphibians such as the snake prefer forests frequently burned by fire. As Herbert Stoddard put it, “One of the most harmful things modern man has done to birds has been his attempt to exclude fire from fire-type pine (松树) forests. Within a few years most forests choke up with bushes, lose their prairie-like vegetation (草原般植被) and can no longer support birds which depend on periodic burning for their food supply and proper cover.” If you are asked to picture the forest floor, what do you see? Pine needles, cones, leaves, branches might come to mind — all sources of fuel. If these fuel sources build up without any type of removal, the ‘fuel load’ can lead to fires which are huge disasters to forests and people alike. In contrast, prescribed fires can be used by forest professionals every couple of years to keep forest fuels at a proper and manageable level. They can also greatly reduce the spread of pest insects and disease and remove unwanted tree and plant species. Plus, they can create and maintain important wildlife habitats rich in grasses and promote the growth of trees, wildflowers and other various plants. Many organizations work to promote fire on the landscape. Smoky Bear even has an updated warning: “Only YOU can prevent wildfires,” as the Forest Service has over the last few decades developed policies and measures to include prescribed fire as a useful tool, as well as continuing their work to prevent and fight wildfires. 1．What can benefit birds according to Herbert Stoddard? A．Forest bushes. B．Periodic burning. C．Fuel sources. D．Pine forests. 2．What does the underlined word “prescribed” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Frequent. B．Wild. C．Planned. D．Damaging. 3．Why do forest professionals need to conduct fire every couple of years according to the passage? A．To keep the forest in balance. B．To keep the fuel rich in the forest. C．To put out wildfires. D．To remove tree and plant species. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To prevent the use of prescribed fire in the forest. B．To promote the complete exclusion of fire from forests. C．To educate people on positive aspects of controlled fires. D．To encourage the public to remove sources of forest fuels. （23-24高一上·浙江·期末）New York City’s trash is this woman’s treasure, and she’s using her platform to fight our culture of too much waste. Working at a bank in New York City, Anna Sacks was living the life — just not the life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted to do something that felt important. She packed up and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a farming program that focuses on sustainable (可持续的) living. When she returned, it was with a new purpose and a variety of new skills to make her dreams a reality. “One of the things that really stuck with me from Adamah was how little waste they produced and how they handled the waste,” she says. “And I just thought, ‘Why aren’t we doing that here?’ I’d walk around my neighborhood and was shocked at how many bags of waste were piled up. I began to wonder, ‘What is actually in all those bags and recycling bins?’” Instead of getting stuck in a never-ending cycle of climate anxiety, she started a mission. In 2016, she took a master composting course and started working with a food rescue program. She found her calling in 2017. To satisfy her curiosity and to help her get food and household supplies, she began what she calls “trash walking”. During outings around her neighborhood, Sacks picks through garbage to look for reusable items. Surprisingly, she discovered a wide array of really great stuff — like clothing, dinnerware, and food — all of which she documents on Instagram and TikTok. Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained popularity for her educational and funny videos that bring out the problems with consumerism and share information about how to live a more sustainable lifestyle. “The root issue is overproduction, which leads to an immense amount of waste,” she says. Sacks’s main focus is simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy and then throw away. “Once you become conscious of the way you consume, you can see ways you improve,” she says. 1．Why did Anna Sacks attend Adamah? A．To make more money. B．To get used to living in Connecticut. C．To relieve her climate anxiety. D．To live a more meaningful life. 2．How has the program, Adamah, affected Anna Sacks? A．She has developed a strong personality. B．She has got a purpose and new skills. C．She has become a social media expert. D．She has discovered many reusable items. 3．What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Sacks’s suggestions for wasting less goods. B．Sacks’s efforts to fight extra waste. C．Sack’s collection from her trash walking. D．Sack’s call for living a sustainable life. 4．What is the major cause of the culture of too much waste according to Anna Sacks? A．Uncontrolled production. B．Unreasonable lifestyle. C．Increasing income. D．Low level of education. （23-24高一上·浙江·期末）Chips, cookies and ice cream... These tasty foods, which are ultra-processed, may literally make you an “addict”, as shown in a recent report in the British Medical Journal. Simply put, ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are the foods that you can’t re-create in your kitchen, according to the BBC． Produced in factories, they often have long lists of ingredients that you don’t recognize, such as additives (添加剂), and are ready to eat or simply need to be heated. The study’s researchers linked UPFs to addiction which includes behaviors like strong desire and negative experiences when trying to stop eating. They analyzed 281 studies from 36 different countries and regions. The findings showed that 14 percent of adults and 12 percent of children have ultra-processed food addiction. UPFs deliver carbohydrates and fat to the gut (肠) faster. Although nuts are high in fat, the fat can’t be digested (消化) in the early stages. The fat in UPFs, however, is broken down before entering the first part of the small gut, which signals the brain to produce more dopamine-the “happy” chemical. The additives in UPFs also impact the way the gut absorbs calories. To improve the flavor of the food or drink, man-made sugar is widely used in UPFs. However, it may combine with receptors in the gut, which makes it more sensitive to sweet food, eventually increasing the gut’s ability to absorb sugar. By considering that certain UPFs are “addictive”, similar to cigarettes or alcohol, “We may be able to help improve global health,” one of the study’s authors, Ashley Gearhardt, said in a press release. They are also calling for more action to fight against such an addiction. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Additives in UPFs. B．The explanation of UPFs. C．The production process of UPFs. D．Differences between UPFs and natural foods. 2．According to the study, what is the typical behavior of people addicted to UPFs? A．Feelings of guilt when eating them. B．Loss of interest in other types of food. C．Difficulty in fighting the desire to eat them. D．Increased need for carbohydrates and fat. 3．Why are UPFs more likely to lead to addiction? A．They contain more nutrients than eaters’ needs. B．They are lower in carbohydrates and fat digestion. C．They prevent the gut from burning calories and fat. D．They help produce a chemical that makes eaters happy. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Significance of UPF Additives B．The Danger of UPFs C．The Benefits of Factory-Produced Food D．The Global Impact of UPF Addiction 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 期末复习之阅读理解20篇 (浙江期末真题) （23-24高一上·浙江·期末）Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm were two young men from Germany who loved a good story. As university students, they became interested in folktales-traditional stories that people memorized and told again and again. They began to collect traditional folktales from storytellers a over Germany in order to record old German poems and to preserve history. Many were similar to stories told in France, Italy, Japan, and other countries. Between 1812 and 1814, the brothers published two books in German. The collections became known in English as Grimm’s Fairy Tales. It includes some 200 stories, most of which were adopted from oral sources. The best-known tales include “Snow White,” “Little Red Riding Hood,” and “Sleeping Beauty”. The Grimm brothers’ tales reflected traditional life and beliefs. For example, forests are common in Germany, and this image often appears in the Grimms’ stories. In the past, many people believed forests were dangerous places. In the Grimms’ stories, a forest is the home of evil witches (女巫), talking animals, and other magical beings. Although most people today think of these stories as fairy tales for children, the brothers first wrote them mainly for adults. Many of their early tales were dark and a little scary. Later, the brothers changed the text of some of the original stories. They “softened” many of the tales and added drawings. Ims made them more appropriate for children. Like the early tales, though, each story still has a moral (道德准则): work hard, be good, and listen to your parents. The Grimms believed that the most natural and pure forms of culture were based in language and history. Their work influenced other collectors, both inspiring them to collect tales and leading them to similarly believe that the fairy tales of a country were particularly typical of it. 1．What can we know about the Grimm brothers’ tales according to the text? A．They were originally intended for children. B．They were rewritten to be brighten and less frightening. C．They were collected from stories around the world. D．They were taken from written books of storytellers. 2．What were displayed in the Grimm brothers’ tales? A．Traditional life and beliefs. B．German language and history. C．Magical forests and animals. D．Famous people and stories. 3．Where is the passage probablv taken from? A．A museum guidebook. B．A social report. C．A book review. D．A culture magazine. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章详细描述了格林兄弟如何收集这些故事，这些故事的特点，以及它们对后世的影响。 1．细节理解题，根据第三段“Although most people today think of these stories as fairy tales for children, the brothers first wrote them mainly for adults. Many of their early tales were dark and a little scary. Later, the brothers changed the text of some of the original stories. They “softened” many of the tales and added drawings. Ims made them more appropriate for children.(虽然今天大多数人认为这些故事是给孩子们听的童话故事，但兄弟俩最初主要是为成年人写的。他们早期的许多故事都很黑暗，还有点恐怖。后来，兄弟俩修改了一些原始故事的文本。他们“软化”了许多故事，并添加了图画。我让它们更适合儿童)”可知，格林兄弟的故事，刚开始时最初主要是为成年人写的。他们早期的许多故事都很黑暗，还有点恐怖，后来它们被重写得更明亮，不那么可怕。故选B项。 2．细节理解题，根据第二段“The Grimm brothers’ tales reflected traditional life and beliefs.(格林兄弟的故事反映了传统的生活和信仰)”可知，格林兄弟的故事中展示了传统的生活和信仰。故选A项。 3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“The Grimms believed that the most natural and pure forms of culture were based in language and history. Their work influenced other collectors, both inspiring them to collect tales and leading them to similarly believe that the fairy tales of a country were particularly typical of it.(格林兄弟认为，最自然、最纯粹的文化形式是以语言和历史为基础的。他们的工作影响了其他的收藏家，既激励他们收集故事，又使他们同样相信一个国家的童话故事是这个国家的典型)”以及纵观全文可知，本文主要讲述了格林兄弟如何收集这些故事，这些故事的特点，以及它们对后世的影响，所以这篇文章很可能来自于一本文化杂志，因为它涉及了文化和历史的主题。故选D项。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）There is more of a connection between food and culture than you may think. On an individual level, we grow up eating the food of our culture. It becomes a part of who we are. Many associate food from our childhood with warm feelings and good memories and it ties us to our families, holding a special and personal value for us. Food from our family often becomes the comfort food we seek as adults in times of frustration and stress. On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity. Immigrants bring it wherever they go, and it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness. Many immigrants open their own restaurants and serve traditional dishes. However, the food does not remain exactly the same. Some materials needed to make traditional dishes may not be readily available, so the taste and flavor can be different from what they would prepare in their home countries. Additionally, immigrants do not only sell dishes to people from the same countries as them, but to people from different countries. Therefore, they have to make small changes in the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers. Those changes can create new flavors that still keep the cultural significance of the dishes. We should embrace our heritage through our traditional food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such. 1．What’s the function of food mentioned in the article? A．To show national identity. B．To help motivate homesickness. C．To reflect a country’s history. D．To show a community’s superiority. 2．What does the underlined “it” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．The national culture. B．The specific traditional food. C．A traditional expression of food. D．The old-fashioned taste. 3．Why do some immigrants have to change the original dishes in their restaurant? A．To attach cultural importance to their dishes. B．To announce the beginning of their life on foreign soil. C．To present their own food culture in a new way. D．To make the dishes popular among customers. 4．What's the author’s attitude towards different food cultures? A．Negative. B．Unfair. C．Positive. D．Opposed. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了传统食物与文化之间的联系。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“It also operates as an expression of culture identity.”（它也是一种文化认同的表达。）可知，传统食物被当做文化认同的一种表达方式，即传统食物展示了民族认同感。故选A项。 2．词义猜测题。根据第二段前两句“On a large scale, traditional food is an important part of culture. It also operates as an expression of culture identity.”（在很大程度上，传统食物是文化的重要组成部分。它也是一种文化认同的表达。）及最后一句“it is a symbol of pride in their culture and means of coping with homesickness.”（这是他们文化自豪感的象征，也是应对乡愁的一种方式。）可知，移民者无论走到哪里，都会带着它，它是文化自豪感的象征，是缓解乡愁的方式，故推知it指代上文提到的“traditional food”。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句“Therefore, they have to make small changes in the original dishes to cater to a wider range of customers.”（因此，他们不得不在原来的菜肴上做些小的改变，以迎合更广泛的顾客。）可知，移民者对菜品进行调整是为了使这些菜肴更加受欢迎。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“We should embrace our heritage through our traditional food but also become more informed about other cultures by trying their food. It is important to remember that each dish has a special place in the culture to which it belongs, and is special to those who prepare it. Food is a window into culture, and it should be treated as such.”（我们应该通过我们的传统食物来拥抱我们的遗产，但也要通过尝试他们的食物来更多地了解其他文化。重要的是要记住，每一道菜在它所属的文化中都有一个特殊的位置，对烹饪它的人来说也是特别的。食物是文化的窗口，我们应该以正确的方式对待它。）可知，作者认为不同的食物代表不同的文化，我们既要通过我们的传统食物来坚持自己的文化自信，也要尝试不同的食物以了解其他文化。故作者对食物文化持积极肯定的态度。故选C项。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）SUNSHINE SCHOOL TENNIS LESSONSTerm 4— Grade 1-6 All the tennis lessons will start from October 10th. The cost is $ 136. 00 for 8 lessons. Classes missed because of rain will be made up. All the cost must be paid at the first lesson. ★TENNIS MEETING   A meeting will be held at lunchtime, Tuesday, October 9th, the day before the course begins, on the school tennis courts to let you know the lesson time. Please ask your child to be there. ★FREE TENNIS RACQUET All new students will receive a free tennis racquet when joining for the first time. ★NOTICE The cost can be paid in cash or by card. Let us know the time your child cannot take the lessons. And it's impossible for us to give lessons at your requested time. 1．From the tennis meeting, we can know ________. A．the time to take the lesson B．the number of students to take the lesson C．where to take the lesson D．how to play tennis 2．________ can get a free racquet. A．Students having paid the cost B．Students paying the cost in cash C．Students joining for the first time D．Students having taken the lessons before 3．The passage is written for ________. A．parents B．teachers C．students D．coaches 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文，主要介绍了阳光中学网球课的相关信息。 1．细节理解题。根据TENNIS MEETING中“A meeting will be held at lunchtime, Tuesday, October 9th, the day before the course begins, on the school tennis courts to let you know the lesson time.”（10月9日(星期二)，也就是课程开始的前一天，午餐时间将在学校网球场召开会议，通知您上课时间。）可知，从网球会议中我们可以得知网球课的上课时间，故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据FREE TENNIS RACQUET中“All new students will receive a free tennis racquet when joining for the first time.”（所有新生首次加入时将免费获得网球拍一个。）可知，首次加入的学生可以获得一个免费的球拍。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Let us know the time your child cannot take the lessons.”（请告知我们您的孩子什么时间不能上课。）可知，本文是写给学生家长的，故选A项。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Just when you thought you were taking care of your health by eating enough fruit and vegetables every day, new research has come out revealing that you might be swallowing microplastic particles (颗粒) along with all those vitamins, minerals, and fiber. A groundbreaking study published in the journal Environmental Research has found that fruits and vegetables absorb microplastic particles from the soil and move them through vegetal tissues, where they remain until eaten by hungry diners, thus getting transferred to human bodies. The researchers, who are from the University of Catania in Italy, as well as Sousse and Monastir universities in Tunisia, analyzed a variety of common fruits and vegetables —carrots, lettuce, broccoli, potatoes, apples, and pears. These were chosen for the fact that they are frequently consumed, usually one per day, which allowed the researchers to better assess the dietary intakes of MPs (microplastic particles) and NPs (nano-plastics). The samples were purchased from different sources in the city of Catania, including a small fruit vendor and a supermarket. The researchers found that apples, followed by pears, were the most polluted fruit samples, and carrots were the most polluted vegetable. In the study’s discussion section, the authors wrote, “We can assume that the fruits contain more MPs not only because of the very high vascularization (血管化) of the fruit pulp (果肉) but also due to the greater size and complexity of the root system and age of the tree (several years) compared to the vegetables (60-75 days for the carrot).” This study is important because it's the first to detect microplastics in fruits and vegetables. They have been found in other sources before, such as sea salt, beer, water (bottled, in particular), shellfish, sugar, soil, and even air, but never inside fresh produce. It’s an alarming discovery that raises yet another red flag about microplastic pollution in the natural environment. It’s an area that will likely see a lot more attention in coming years, with the study authors calling for further research into the question of microplastic and whether it harms the health of both plants and humans. 1．What is the study mainly about? A．The main cause and influence of soil pollution. B．The microplastic pollution in fruits and vegetables. C．The benefits of daily fruits and vegetables consumption D．The great changes in people's dietary habits. 2．What may cause fruits to contain more MPs according to the authors? A．The age of root system. B．The huge size of fruit tree roots. C．The complex preservation method. D．The large amounts of the fruit pulp. 3．What do the study authors think of the research on microplastic? A．It needs to be further studied. B．It wasted them quite a lot of time. C．It has caused harm to health. D．It has attracted attention to diets. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍新的研究在新鲜的水果和蔬菜中首次检测到微塑料颗粒污染。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“A groundbreaking study published in the journal Environmental Research has found that fruits and vegetables absorb microplastic particles from the soil and move them through vegetal tissues, where they remain until eaten by hungry diners, thus getting transferred to human bodies. (发表在《环境研究》杂志上的一项开创性研究发现，水果和蔬菜从土壤中吸收塑料微粒，并将其通过植物组织转移，直到饥饿的食客食用，从而转移到人体)”可知，这项研究与水果和蔬菜中的微塑料污染有关。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“We can assume that the fruits contain more MPs not only because of the very high vascularization (血管化) of the fruit pulp (果肉) but also due to the greater size and complexity of the root system and age of the tree (several years) compared to the vegetables (60–75 days for the carrot). (我们可以假设，与蔬菜（胡萝卜60-75天）相比，水果含有更多的MPs，不仅是因为果肉的血管化程度非常高，还因为根系的大小和复杂性以及树的年龄（几年）更大)”可知，果树根系的巨大尺寸是导致水果含有更多的微塑料颗粒的原因之一。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“It’s an area that will likely see a lot more attention in coming years, with the study authors calling for further research into the question of microplastic and whether it harms the health of both plants and humans. (这是一个未来几年可能会受到更多关注的领域，该项研究的撰稿人呼吁对微塑料问题及其是否危害植物和人类健康进行进一步研究)”可推知，该项研究的作者认为还需要对微塑料颗粒造成的危害作进一步研究。故选A。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）A five-year-old dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck. The man, Bob, was alone when he left his Michigan farmhouse on New Year’s Eve to collect firewood. Expecting a journey of only several meters, Bob was wearing just long johns(衬裤), a shirt and slippers when he went outside, although the temperature was around -4℃. After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow. Fortunately, Kelsey came to his assistance. “I was shouting for help, but my nearest neighbor is about 400 meters away, and it was10:30 pm,” Bob explained. “But my Kelsey came. By the next morning, my voice was gone and I couldn’t yell for help, but Kelsey didn’t stop barking.” Kelsey’s companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to keep him awake. “Kelsey kept barking but never left my side,” Bob recalled. “She kept me warm. I knew I couldn’t give up and that it was my choice to stay alive.” Bob spent 20 hours in the freezing cold. When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob’s neighbor discovered him at 6: 30 pm on New Year’s Day and called the emergency services at once. When Bob arrived in hospital, his body temperature was below 21℃. However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn’t have any frostbite(冻疮). They believed it was because of Kelsey’s determination to keep him warm. Dr. Chaim Colen, the doctor who treated Bob, said, “Animals can help and his dog really saved him… He was very fortunate. Bob said he was “enormously” grateful to both Dr. Colen and his Kelsey. “They saved my life. They are truly heroes!” 1．What happened to Bob on New Year’s Eve? A．He left his dog alone in his farmhouse. B．He was praised for saving a dog owner. C．He heard his neighbor’s shouting for help. D．He broke his neck and couldn’t move. 2．Why did Kelsey keep barking? A．To keep Bob warm. B．To stay alive. C．To keep Bob awake. D．To seek help from others. 3．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．A Neck-breaking Accident B．The Magic Night in Snow C．Warmth on a Winter’s Night D．Determination to Keep Alive 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一只名叫Kelsey的狗帮助救了在雪地里滑倒并摔断脖子的主人。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“A five-year-old dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.(一只名叫Kelsey的五岁小狗因帮助救了主人的命而被誉为英雄，主人在雪地里滑倒并摔断了脖子。)”、第二段中的“The man, Bob, was alone when he left his Michigan farmhouse on New Year’s Eve to collect firewood.(这名男子名叫Bob，在新年前夕离开密歇根州的农舍去拾柴时，他独自一人。)”和第三段中的“After the accident, he was unable to move in the snow.(事故发生后，他在雪地里动弹不得。)”可知，新年前夕Bob离开农舍去拾柴，他在雪地里滑倒，摔断了脖子，事故发生后，他在雪地里动弹不得。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第四段中Bob的话“I was shouting for help, but my nearest neighbor is about 400 meters away, and it was10:30 pm(我大声呼救，但我最近的邻居在400米外，而且当时是晚上10点30分。)”和“But my Kelsey came. By the next morning, my voice was gone and I couldn’t yell for help, but Kelsey didn’t stop barking.(但我的Kelsey来了。第二天早上，我的声音消失了，我无法大声呼救，但Kelsey没有停止吠叫。)”以及第六段中的“When he finally lost consciousness, his dog kept barking. Finally, hearing the barking, Bob’s neighbor discovered him at 6: 30 pm on New Year’s Day and called the emergency services at once.(当他最终失去意识时，他的狗不停地吠叫。最后，Bob的邻居听到了吠叫声，在新年下午6:30发现了他，并立即拨打了急救电话。)”可推测出，Kelsey一直吠叫是为了寻求帮助。故选D。 3．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A five-year-old dog named Kelsey has been praised as a hero for helping to save the life of her owner who slipped in the snow and broke his neck.(一只名叫Kelsey的五岁小狗因帮助救了主人的命而被誉为英雄，主人在雪地里滑倒并摔断了脖子。)”、第五段中的“Kelsey’s companion kept him warm by lying on top of him. She licked his face and hands to keep him awake.(Kelsey陪伴着他，趴在他身上给他保暖。她舔了舔他的脸和手，让他保持清醒。)”以及最后一段中的“When Bob arrived in hospital, his body temperature was below 21℃. However, doctors were surprised to find that he didn’t have any frostbite(冻疮). They believed it was because of Kelsey’s determination to keep him warm.(然而，医生惊讶地发现他没有冻伤。他们认为这是因为Kelsey决心给他保暖。)”可知，本文主要讲述一只小狗在寒冷的雪地救了主人，她在寒冷的新年前夕给受伤的主人保暖，使得主人免遭不测。由此可推测出，C项“一个冬夜里的温暖”最适合作本文标题。故选C。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末） New big pack from Sierra DesignsThe latest pack from Sierra Designs is the Gigawatt 60L. The pack has an adjustable back system that fits back lengths from 40cm to 53cm. It's made from durable 300D polyester. Features include a zipped top and side access, oversized side and front pockets. The Gigawatt 60L weighs 1. 84kg and costs £130. sierradesigns. com Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale bootsMaestrale Re-Made ski boots are made from Polymer taken from around three tons of leftover materials. Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a "classic" boot from plant-based Pebax Rnew, which emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. The design and manufacturing process behind the Re-Made boot were developed by Scarpa's Green Lab, the production department dedicated to sustainable solutions. A pair costs £500. scarpa. co. uk ellis-brigham. com Vaque Breese gets sustainable updateThe well-established Vasque Breeze hiking boor has been modernised with environmentally friendly materials. It's now made with recycled polyester and is the first boot to have a VasqueDry Waterproof membrane, which is made from 25% recycled materials. The Breeze is also comfortable to wear with its soft footbed. The Brecze weighs 1120 grams and comes in two widths. It costs £140. vasgue. com The North Face launches new ski touring clothingThe Dawn Tum clothing provides a layering system for ski touring designed to keep you warm, dry and freely moving. It includes a shell jacket, midlayers, trousers and accessories. The Dawn Turn 2. 0 jacket won the innovation award at ISPO for its breathable layer. The cost is £350. The Dawn Turn 1. 0 Jacket is made from waterproof DryVent. It features a windproof hood and oversized front pockets, and costs £325. thenorthface. co. uk 1．If you want to buy a pair of Maestrale Re-Made ski boots and a waterproof jacket, what is the total cost? A．£500 B．£825 C．£850 D．£840 2．According to the passage, what information can we get? ①The back system of the Gigawatt 601 can adjust itself to suit any back length. ②The layering system of The Dawn Turn clothing ensures you to be flexible when skiing. ③The Vasque Breeze boots have been updated with high-end material that are environmentally friendly ④The manufacturing process of Maestrale Re-Made ski boots is more sustainable than that of classic ones from plant-based Pebax Rnew. A．②④ B．①② C．②③ D．①④ 3．Where can you probably find the text? A．In an outdoor magazine B．In an official report C．In a science journal D．In a fiction collection 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍4款商品。 1．细节理解题。根据Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale boots部分中“A pair costs £500. (一双售价500英镑)”和The North Face launches new ski touring clothing部分中“The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket is made from waterproof DryVent. It features a windproof hood and oversized front pockets, and costs £325. (Dawn Turn 1.0夹克由防水DryVent制成。它配有防风风帽和超大前口袋，售价325英镑。)”可知，一双Maestrale Re-Made滑雪靴和一件防水夹克，总费用是：500英镑+325英镑=825英镑。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据The North Face launches new ski touring clothing部分中“The Dawn Turn clothing provides a layering system for ski touring designed to keep you warm, dry and freely moving. (Dawn Turn服装为滑雪旅行提供了分层系统，旨在让你保持温暖、干燥和自由活动。)”可知，The Dawn Turn服装的分层系统确保在滑雪时保持灵活性，所以是②正确的。根据Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale boots部分“Maestrale Re-Made ski boots are made from Polymer taken from around three tons of leftover materials. Creating a Re-Made boot from Polymer emits 27% less carbon dioxide than creating a “classic” boot from plant-based Pebax Rnew, which emits 32% less carbon dioxide than Fossil-based Plastics. The design and manufacturing process behind the Re-Made boot were developed by Scarpa’s Green Lab, the production department dedicated to sustainable solutions. (Maestrale Re-Made滑雪靴由聚合物制成，聚合物取自大约三吨的边角料。用聚合物制造一只重新制造的靴子比用植物基Pebax Rnew制造一只“经典”靴子少排放27%的二氧化碳，后者比化石基塑料少排放32%的二氧化碳。Re-Made靴子背后的设计和制造流程由Scarpa的绿色实验室开发，该实验室是致力于可持续解决方案的生产部门。)”可知，Maestrale Re-Made滑雪靴的制造工艺比植物Pebax Rnew的经典滑雪靴更具可持续性，所以是④正确的。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据New big pack from Sierra Designs部分“The Gigawatt 60L weighs 1.84kg and costs £130. (千兆瓦60L重1.84公斤，售价130英镑。)”， Scarpa upgrades its Maestrale boots部分“A pair costs £500. (一双售价500英镑)”， Vasque Breeze gets sustainable update部分“The Breeze weighs 1120 grams and comes in two widths. It costs £140. (微风重1120克，有两种宽度。它的价格是140英镑。)”和The North Face launches new ski touring clothing部分“The Dawn Turn 1.0 Jacket is made from waterproof DryVent. It features a windproof hood and oversized front pockets, and costs £325. (Dawn Turn 1.0夹克由防水DryVent制成。它配有防风风帽和超大前口袋，售价325英镑。)”可知，本文主要介绍4款商品，号召大家购买，所以应该是出现在杂志上。故选A。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Imagine if there were a robotic fish that filtered microplastic out of the water as it swam. Well, now there is one, and it’s the physical version of the winning concept in the first-ever Natural Robotics Contest. Announced this May, the University of Surrey’s Natural Robots Contest invited members of the public to give their concepts for animal—or plant-inspired robots capable of performing activities that would help the world. Plans called for experts from various British and European research centers to select what they thought was the best concept, which would then be made into a real robot. Engineers would proceed to further develop the technology. The winning concept turned out to be the plastic-collecting Robo-fish, designed by chemistry student Eleanor Mackintosh—who is a University of Surrey student. Mackintosh said, “Fish’s gills are an incredible mechanism in nature that are specialized to filter oxygen into the bloodstream—so I adapted my design from that, with the purpose of dealing with the plastic pollution in the water.” The robot swims by moving its tail, holding its mouth wide open to-collect water and microplastics in its belly as it does so. Once that cavity is full, the robot closes its mouth, opens its gills, and pushes the water out through. A fine net attached to the gill flaps allows the water to pass through, but captures the microplastic. In its current physical form, the 50-cm-long Robo-fish collects microplastic as small as 2 millimeters. It also uses sensors to monitor underwater environment, plus it tracks its movements within the water. Future robots could capture much smaller particles. Other possible improvements include a faster body shape, a more powerful tail, and the ability to swim autonomously. 1．How do the participants attend the Natural Robotics Contest? A．By handing in real robots. B．By sending the concepts of robots. C．By selecting the best robot concepts. D．By developing the technology of robots. 2．What inspired Mackintosh to design the robot? A．The enthusiasm for robots. B．The function of fish’s gills. C．The body shape of the fish. D．The plastic pollution in the water. 3．What does the author intend to show in paragraph 5? A．How the robotic fish works in water. B．How the robotic fish is further improved. C．Why Mackintosh’s robot won the contest. D．What materials the robotic fish is made of. 4．What is the best title of the text? A．The First Bio-Inspired Robotics Contest B．The One-Size-Fits-All Solution to Plastics C．An Autonomously Operative Robotic Fish D．A Student-Designed Plastic-Collecting Fish 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要叙述萨里大学自然机器人竞赛中，一名学生设计的塑料收集机器鱼获奖。具体介绍了其运作过程、现状即未来发展。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Announced this May, the University of Surrey’s Natural Robots Contest invited members of the public to give their concepts for animal—or plant-inspired robots capable of performing activities that would help the world.(今年5月，萨里大学举办了自然机器人大赛，邀请公众提出他们的概念，设计以动物或植物为灵感的机器人，这些机器人能够从事帮助世界的活动)”可知，参与者提交机器人创意参加竞赛。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“Mackintosh said, “Fish’s gills are an incredible mechanism in nature that are specialized to filter oxygen into the bloodstream—so I adapted my design from that, with the purpose of dealing with the plastic pollution in the water.”(Mackintosh说：“鱼的鳃是一种令人难以置信的自然机制，专门用于将氧气过滤到血液中，所以我以此为基础进行了设计，目的是处理水中的塑料污染。”)”可知，Mackintosh受到鱼鳃功能的启示而创造了塑料收集机器鱼。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据第五段“The robot swims by moving its tail, holding its mouth wide open to-collect water and microplastics in its belly as it does so. Once that cavity is full, the robot closes its mouth, opens its gills, and pushes the water out through. A fine net attached to the gill flaps allows the water to pass through, but captures the microplastic.(机器人通过移动尾巴来游泳，同时张开嘴巴收集水和腹部的微塑料。一旦这个洞被填满，机器人就会闭上嘴巴，张开鳃，把水挤出去。附着在鳃瓣上的细网允许水通过，但会捕获微塑料)”可知，该段主要介绍机器鱼在水中的工作原理。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Announced this May, the University of Surrey’s Natural Robots Contest invited members of the public to give their concepts for animal—or plant-inspired robots capable of performing activities that would help the world.(今年5月，萨里大学举办了自然机器人大赛，邀请公众提出他们的概念，设计以动物或植物为灵感的机器人，这些机器人能够从事帮助世界的活动)”以及第四段“The winning concept turned out to be the plastic-collecting Robo-fish, designed by chemistry student Eleanor Mackintosh—who is a University of Surrey student.(最终胜出的概念是由萨里大学化学系学生埃莉诺·麦金托什设计的塑料收集机器鱼)”结合文章主要叙述萨里大学自然机器人竞赛中，一名学生设计的塑料收集机器鱼获奖。具体介绍了其运作过程、现状即未来发展。故D选项“学生设计的塑料收集鱼”最符合文章标题。故选D。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Welcome to “Cash Poor Points Rich”, a new travel blog devoted to sharing experiences with credit card points and miles to help you get big travel but for small spend. With the right planning and the best use of available resources, traveling as a college student may be easier than you think. Chengdu, China If visiting a place with happy locals is a top choice for you, there’s no better city to hit than Chengdu. It is home to pandas and spicy things. Moreover, the city’s richness of cultural and historical sights, together with its laid-back lifestyle, make itself one of the most attractive and livable large cities too. Past travelers have spent, on average, ¥158 on meals and about a quarter of that on local transportation for one day. Con Dao, Vietnam Tourism-is picking up in Vietnam lately, where you can travel for about ¥100 per day if you play your cards right. Con Dao Island Nation Park, a group of dramatic tiny islands off the southern coast, is a great destination to see sea turtles and other wildlife while exploring the area on foot. Its thick jungle will give you a good chance to uncover a paradise of your own. Zakynthos, Greece If you’re looking for an affordable European summer beach vacation, consider Zakynthos. Food is cheap and mouthwatering. There are plenty of free things to do, although the favorite is spending time on the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water. There are countless options for swimming in the appealing sea, along with charming villages and museums to explore. New Orleans, U.S. New Orleans is an incredibly unique place in the U.S., full of fascinating history, absorbing culture, delicious food, and a constantly buzzing nightlife scene. There are actually a couple of hostels in and near the French Quarter that offer reasonable accommodation rates for students. 1．How much on average might be spent on meals and transportation in Chengdu per day? A．¥185. B．¥160. C．¥158. D．¥200. 2．What do Con Dao and Zakynthos have in common? A．Rich cultures. B．Large museums. C．Impressive sea views. D．Free tourist attractions. 3．What is the advantage of the French Quarter? A．Hostels there are clean and modern. B．It offers unique services for students. C．At has the longest history in New Orleans. D．The price of hostels there is affordable for students. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了一些价格亲民的旅游地，帮助人们花最少的钱实现旅游。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Past travelers have spent, on average, ¥118 on meals and about a quarter of that on local transportation for one day.(过去的游客平均每天在餐费上花费118元，其中约四分之一用于当地交通)”可知，游客在成都旅行在餐食和交通上平均花费约118+39.1=197.9元，约200元。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“Con Dao Island Nation Park, a group of dramatic tiny islands off the southern coast, is a great destination to see sea turtles and other wildlife while exploring the area on foot.(孔岛国家公园是南部海岸附近的一组引人注目的小岛，是徒步探索该地区时看到海龟和其他野生动物的好去处)”及第四段“There are plenty of free things to do, although the favorite is spending time on the beautiful beaches edged by electric blue water.(这里有很多免费的事情可以做，尽管最受欢迎的是在蔚蓝的海水边美丽的海滩上度过时光)”可知，两地都可以看到迷人的海景。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“There are actually a couple of hostels in and near the French Quarter that offer reasonable accommodation rates for students.(实际上，在法国区及其附近有几家旅馆，为学生提供合理的住宿价格)”可知，对于学生来说，该地有一些价格合理的旅馆。故选D项。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Chinese state media has praised a viral video series telling the story of a jade teapot coming to life and escaping from the British Museum to make its way back home. The set of three short episodes, entitled Escape from the British Museum, shows the teapot turning into a young woman in a green dress, who then asks a London-based Chinese journalist to help her reunite with her family. The plot line taps into growing Chinese criticism (批评) of the British Museum after reports last month that more than 1, 500 priceless objects were missing, stolen or damaged. In August the state media Global Times called for the return of Chinese artefacts from the museum “free of charge”. “The huge loophole (漏洞) in the management and safety of cultural objects in the British Museum have led to the falling of a long-standing and widely spread claim that ‘foreign cultural objects are better protected in the British Museum’,” it said. It strongly supported the video series for touching on a “powerful message” about the importance of cultural heritage and reflecting “Chinese people’s eagerness for the return of the Chinese cultural relics”. State broadcaster CCTV also gave the short films a glowing review saying: “We are very pleased to see Chinese young people are passionate about history and tradition. We are also looking forward to the early return of Chinese artefacts that have been displaced overseas.” The museum incident made headlines around the world and revived earlier demands by the Chinese media to restore the country’s relics. The new three-part show has set off a wave of nationalism among viewers, with many praising the creative plot that reduced them to tears by showing how the teapot experienced the happiness of returning to China to see pandas and watch a flag-raising ceremony on Tiananmen Square. “May all the cultural relics abroad return home as soon as possible!” said one of tens of thousands of people who commented on social media sites. 1．What can be learned about Escape from the British Museum? A．It is filmed by the state media. B．It consists of three short episodes. C．It is supported by the British Museum. D．It shows how a green princess makes her way home. 2．What do the underlined words “taps into” mean in the third paragraph? A．Goes against. B．Agrees with. C．Makes use of. D．Brings about. 3．What was the attitude of Global Times toward the video series? A．Disapproving. B．Objective. C．Tolerant. D．Supportive. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．The reputation of Chinese artefacts worldwide. B．The irresponsibility of the British Museum missing a teapot. C．The influence of Chinese state media on the global viewers. D．The popularity of the series about the return of Chinese relics. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．D 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了中国官方媒体赞扬了一个广为传播的视频系列，该视频讲述了一个玉器茶壶复活并从大英博物馆逃回家的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“The set of three short episodes, entitled Escape from the British Museum, shows the teapot turning into a young woman in a green dress, who then asks a London-based Chinese journalist to help her reunite with her family.”（这部名为《逃离大英博物馆》(Escape from The British Museum)的短片共三集，讲述了茶壶变成了一位身穿绿色连衣裙的年轻女子，然后她请求一位驻伦敦的中国记者帮助她与家人团聚。）可知，《逃离大英博物馆》这部短片共三集。故选B项。 2．词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…after reports last month that more than 1, 500 priceless objects were missing, stolen or damaged.”（上个月有报道称，有1500多件无价之宝丢失、被盗或损坏。）可知，此处为影片的情节利用了中国对大英博物馆日益增长的批评。故可猜测划线短语taps into为“利用”的意思，结合选项C项Makes use of“利用”意思一致。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中“It strongly supported the video series for touching on a “powerful message” about the importance of cultural heritage and reflecting “Chinese people’s eagerness for the return of the Chinese cultural relics”.”（它强烈支持该系列视频，因为它触及了文化遗产重要性的“有力信息”，反映了“中国人民对中国文物回归的渴望”。）可推知，《环球时报》对该系列视频的态度是支持的。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及第一段“Chinese state media has praised a viral video series telling the story of a jade teapot coming to life and escaping from the British Museum to make its way back home.”（中国官方媒体赞扬了一个广为传播的视频系列，该视频讲述了一个玉器茶壶复活并从大英博物馆逃回家的故事。）和最后一段“The new three-part show has set off a wave of nationalism among viewers, with many praising the creative plot that reduced them to tears by showing how the teapot experienced the happiness of returning to China to see pandas and watch a flag-raising ceremony on Tiananmen Square. “May all the cultural relics abroad return home as soon as possible! ” said one of tens of thousands of people who commented on social media sites.”（这部由三集组成的新剧在观众中掀起了一股民族主义浪潮，许多人称赞其富有创意的情节，通过展示茶壶如何经历回到中国看熊猫和观看天安门广场升旗仪式的快乐，让他们流下了眼泪。“愿国外的文物早日归国！”社交媒体网站上成千上万的人评论道。）可知，文章主要讲的是关于中国文物回归的系列节目很受欢迎。故选D项。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）A popular saying goes, “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” However, that’s not really true. Words have the power to build us up or tear us down. It doesn’t matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves — the positive and negative effects are just as lasting. We all talk to ourselves sometimes. We’re usually too ashamed to admit it, though. In fact, we really shouldn’t be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit. This “self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down. Be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. So in order to stay positive, we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves. We should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back. The next time you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying “Good job!” Often, words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have. But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others. For example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. And the clerk will probably answer in a similar manner. Or harsh (刻薄的) and critical language will most likely cause the clerk to be defensive. Words have power because of their lasting effect. Many of us regret something we once said. And we remember unkind words said to us! Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: Is it loving? Is it needed? If what we want to say doesn’t pass this test, then it’s better left unsaid. Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem (自尊) and motivate others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things. Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours. 1．What is the main idea of the first paragraph? A．Words have a great effect on us. B．Encouraging words give us confidence. C．Negative words may let us down. D．Not sticks and stones but words will hurt us. 2．Why is there no need for us to feel ashamed when we talk to ourselves? A．Almost everybody has the habit of talking to themselves. B．Talking to ourselves can have positive effect on us. C．Talking to ourselves always gives us courage. D．It does no harm to have “self-talk” when we are alone. 3．What does the underlined sentence mean? A．Make ourselves relaxed. B．Remind ourselves. C．Praise ourselves. D．Give ourselves happiness. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Encouraging words are sure to lead to kind offers. B．Negative words may inspire us to make more progress. C．It is better to think twice before talking to others. D．People tend to remember friendly words. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章强调了言语的力量，指出无论是对别人的言语还是自言自语，积极和消极的影响都是持久的，因此对自己说话时应及时给予表扬，对他人说话时应意识到自己的言语对他人的影响，三思而后行。 1．主旨大意题。根据第一段“A popular saying goes, “Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” However, that’s not really true. Words have the power to build us up or tear us down. It doesn’t matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves — the positive and negative effects are just as lasting. (俗话说：“棍棒和石头可以打断我的骨头，但言语永远伤害不了我。”然而，事实并非如此。语言的力量可以建立我们，也可以让我们崩溃。不管这些话是别人说的还是我们自己说的，积极和消极的影响都是一样持久的。)”可知，本段主要说明了言语对我们有很大的积极的或消极的影响。故选A项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In fact, we really shouldn’t be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit. (事实上，我们真的不应该害怕，因为越来越多的专家认为大声自言自语是一种健康的习惯。)”和第三段中“This “self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down. (这种“自我对话”可以帮助我们激励自己，记住事情，解决问题，让自己冷静下来。)”可知，当我们自言自语时，我们没有必要感到羞耻，因为这对我们有积极的影响，有益于我们的心理健康。故选B项。 3．词句猜测题。根据画线句的上文“So in order to stay positive, we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves. (因此，为了保持积极，我们应该只对自己说鼓励的话。)”和下文“The next time you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying “Good job!” (下次当你完成一个项目，在考试中取得好成绩，或者终于打扫你的房间时，和我一起说“干得好！”)”可知，此处先提出自言自语的内容应该是鼓励的话，然后举例说明当自己做得好的时候，可以对自己说“干得好！”这样的话。由此推知，画线句应该是建议我们立即给自己一个表扬，即Praise ourselves“表扬自己”。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Often, words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have. But we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others. (通常，话从我们嘴里说出来，我们没有考虑它们会有什么影响。但我们应该意识到，我们的话会引起别人的某些反应。)”、倒数第二段中“Words have power because of their lasting effect. (言语的力量在于它的持久效果。)”和最后一段中“Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem (自尊) and motivate others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things. (言语具有力量：积极的和消极的。当我们积极地说话时，我们周围的人会受到鼓励。我们可以提供希望，建立自尊，激励他人做到最好。消极的话语摧毁了所有这些。)”可知，我们常常在说话时忘记言语的力量，但言语的确有或积极的，或消极的持久影响，深刻地影响他人。由此可知，和别人说话前我们最好三思而后行。故选C项。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Simon James is a super-trail runner (越野跑步者) who encourages people to reconnect with nature in the name of exercise. He has completed Super Trail in the Alps, the Andes and the Himalayas. A late-night bet with a client (客户) got him tied to running. “In 2006, a business client challenged me one evening in a bar to a 36-hour walk across 54 miles of the West Highland Way, and I foolishly said ‘yes’,” James said. “He then rang me the next day to tell me we would be running it.” At the time, James was 20 kilograms overweight and the longest he had run before that was just under 8 miles, but he managed to finish that run and has never looked back. According to a report, two-thirds of adults in the U.K. are overweight, one-fifth suffering from depression (抑郁). The huge influence caused by modern lifestyle has worsened these issues. We are aware of the importance of exercise in everyday life, and no amount of virtual meetings can make up for direct social contact. James said, “Only one thing can fix these problems — trail running.” What is unique about trail running, he explained, is that “it reconnects us to our beautiful nature and connects our physical, mental and spiritual aspects, as well as providing us with an experience which can connect us to other people”. Inspired, he quit his city life of working 16-hour-plus-days as a banker, and spent more time in trails and mountains. James is now in charge of the trail running company Run the Wild. He said every run has been a gift following a physical operation in 2015, even though his doctor told that he could hardly run again. He said, “The outdoors is such a great place for us all to experience.” 1．How did Simon James take part in trail running? A．He was inspired by a friend. B．He tried to deal with his health issue. C．He made a bet with a client. D．He had a passion for workout. 2．What do we know about trail running? A．It focuses largely on overweight British people. B．It has little influence on people’s mental health. C．It connects people through virtual community. D．It helps to build the social connection for people. 3．Which word can best describe Simon? A．Adventurous. B．Sociable. C．Kind-hearted. D．Determined. 4．What can be the best title of this text? A．A Unique Experience B．Running Wonder C．A Trail to Nature D．Depression Disorders 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Simon James从与客户的赌约开始自己的越野跑之旅，之后投入到这项运动中，成为了超级越野跑者，并创办了Run the Wild公司。他感受到这项运动有助于人与自然建立联系，改善身心健康，促进社交联系，因此鼓励人们参与这项运动，重新与自然建立联系。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A late-night bet with a client (客户) got him tied to running. (深夜和客户打赌让他和跑步扯上了关系)”可知，Simon James参与越野跑是因为他和客户打了个赌。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“What is unique about trail running, he explained, is that “it reconnects us to our beautiful nature and connects our physical, mental and spiritual aspects, as well as providing us with an experience which can connect us to other people”. (他解释说，越野跑的独特之处在于，“它将我们与美丽的大自然重新联系起来，将我们的身体、心理和精神方面联系起来，并为我们提供一种将我们与其他人联系起来的体验。”)”可知，越野跑有助于建立人们的社会联系。故选D项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段“At the time, James was 20 kilograms overweight and the longest he had run before that was just under 8 miles, but he managed to finish that run and has never looked back. (当时，James超重20公斤，在那之前他跑过的最长距离不到8英里，但他成功地跑完全程，并且从未回头)”和最后一段中“He said every run has been a gift following a physical operation in 2015, even though his doctor told that he could hardly run again. (他说，自从2015年接受手术后，每次跑步都是一份礼物，尽管他的医生告诉他很难再跑步了)”可知，虽然当时身体状况不理想，但Simon James第一次进行长距离越野跑就成功坚持了下来，而且在接受手术后也一直在跑步。由此可知，他是一个意志坚定的人。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Simon James is a super-trail runner (越野跑步者) who encourages people to reconnect with nature in the name of exercise. (Simon James是一位超级越野跑步者，他鼓励人们以锻炼的名义与大自然重新建立联系)”可知，文章围绕Simon James的越野跑经历展开，他从与客户的赌约开始自己的越野跑之旅，之后投入到这项运动中，成为了超级越野跑者，并创办了Run the Wild公司。他感受到这项运动有助于人与自然建立联系，改善身心健康，促进社交联系，因此鼓励人们参与这项运动，重新与自然建立联系。因此，C项“通往自然的小径”既概括了Simon James个人的越野跑经历，也体现了他对其他人参与越野跑，亲近自然的期待，最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）It can be really challenging to learn a language well without living in a country full of native speakers! You have to find something captivating! Here’s the solution: TV series. Game of Thrones You should really start watching it. The language is beautiful and easy to follow. Drama, love and good characters mark the show and there are actors from all over the world. You won’t know what’s going to happen at the ending. This is a must-see! Sherlock A British masterpiece. Is there any language learner who has not heard of Sherlock Holmes and his friend John Watson? The writers placed the stories into London in the 21st century, so it’s basically a modern version of the original stories. Here you have everything that an English language leaner could wish for. British accents, good acting, long and interesting conversations with a sense of British humour. Friends Everybody knows Friends, which couldn’t be missed off of this list. With many different accents to be heard and a variety of dialects, this is the perfect show for English learners. The plot is relatively simple to understand. Six friends battle with tough jobs, complicated relationships and life in Manhattan, New York. In parts of the show there are also British accents to listen to and learn. How I Met Your Mother It is one of the most successful situation comedies in the United States, attracting the audience all over the world. It’s about the life of five friends that live in New York, focusing on their work and their favourite leisure time activity: sitting in their favourite bar. You get to know many modern American expressions and can enjoy various dialects that make the show even more engaging. 1．Which of the following has an unexpected ending? A．Game of Thrones. B．Sherlock. C．Friends. D．How I Met Your Mother. 2．What can audience learn from both Sherlock and Friends? A．American dialects. B．American humour. C．British accents. D．Complicated acting. 3．What do we know about How I Met Your Mother? A．It is about five American students’ daily life. B．There are many formal expressions in the show. C．It’s the most successful situation comedy in the US. D．It enjoys popularity among audience around the world. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几部电视剧，可以帮助人们学习语言。 1．细节理解题。根据Game of Thrones部分的“You won’t know what’s going to happen at the ending.(你不知道最后会发生什么。)”可知，Game of Thrones的结局无法预料。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据Sherlock部分的“Here you have everything that an English language leaner could wish for. British accents, good acting, long and interesting conversations with a sense of British humour.(在这里，你有英语学习者所希望的一切。英式口音，出色的表演，长而有趣的谈话，带着英式幽默。)”和Friends部分的“In parts of the show there are also British accents to listen to and learn.(在节目的某些部分，还有英国口音可以听和学习。)”可知，在这两部剧里都可以学到英式口音。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“It is one of the most successful situation comedies in the United States, attracting the audience all over the world.(它是美国最成功的情景喜剧之一，吸引了全世界的观众。)”可知，这部电视剧在世界各地的观众中很受欢迎。故选D。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）Thousands of lives have been saved by giving blood-thinning drugs to people with a heart condition that leaves them at risk of a stroke(中风), according to the head of the NHS. Since January 2022 about 460,000 people in England who suffer from atrial fibrillation(AF)- a dangerously irregular heart rate-have begun taking one of four anticoagulant(抗凝血剂) drugs that are proved to reduce stroke risk. Speedy introduction of the drugs has kept 4,000 people alive who would otherwise have died and prevented about 17,000 strokes, according to Amanda Pritchard. Strokes kill about 27,000 people a year in England and lead to about 120,000 being taken to hospital. A drive to encourage take-up of the drugs means 90% of the 1.5 million people in England with AF are using them. That should result in fewer strokes, which are a leading cause of death and disability, given that AF causes about one in five strokes. “The rapid introduction of these drugs is a big step forward in providing the best possible care for patients with heart disease”, Pritchard, the leader of NHS(National Health Service) England, will say in a speech today at the King’s Fund health experts’ yearly conference. The drugs, called direct oral anticoagulants, help stop blood from clotting(凝血), therefore reducing the risk of a clot developing and causing a stroke. In 2021 the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence recommended that doctors use four anticoagulant drugs. Dr Maeva May, the Stroke Association’s director, thought the widespread use of the drugs as “fantastic news”, because AF accounts for one in five strokes and strokes in people with AF are more likely to result in death or serious disability. NHS England has used its spending power to cut deals with the makers of the four drugs, which has made them much more widely available. The British Heart Foundation praised the NHS’s “great progress towards its goal of reducing stroke deaths”. 1．What is the purpose of listing numbers in paragraph 2? A．To attract the readers’ attention to strokes. B．To introduce the specific information about AF. C．To show the effects of four anticoagulant drugs. D．To summarize the steps towards reducing deaths. 2．What is the main function of anticoagulant drugs? A．To identify signs of strokes. B．To reduce blood pressure. C．To keep heart beating. D．To prevent blood clotting. 3．What can be inferred about NHS England and drug makers from the text? A．They have reached some agreements. B．They have provided free treatment. C．They have established disease funds. D．They have reminded of stroke deaths. 4．Which is the best title for the text? A．Recognising Signs of A Heart Attack B．A Breakthrough in Stroke Prevention C．Exploring Kinds of Anticoagulant Drugs D．NHS England’s Life-Saving Conference 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）负责人表示，通过给患有心脏病的人服用血液稀释药物，大大降低了房颤患者的中风可能导致的死亡或严重残疾，数千人的生命得以挽救。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段“Since January 2022 about 460,000 people in England who suffer from atrial fibrillation(AF)- a dangerously irregular heart rate-have begun taking one of four anticoagulant(抗凝血剂) drugs that are proved to reduce stroke risk. Speedy introduction of the drugs has kept 4,000 people alive who would otherwise have died and prevented about 17,000 strokes, according to Amanda Pritchard. Strokes kill about 27,000 people a year in England and lead to about 120,000 being taken to hospital. (自2022年1月以来，英国约有46万患有心房颤动（AF）的人开始服用四种抗凝药物中的一种，这些药物已被证明可以降低中风风险。据Amanda Pritchard称，这些药物的迅速引入使4000人得以存活，否则他们将死亡，并预防了约17000例中风。在英格兰，中风每年造成约2.7万人死亡，约12万人被送往医院。)”可知，这一段利用数字来说明四种抗凝血药物对心房颤动病人的效果。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第五段“The drugs, called direct oral anticoagulants, help stop blood from clotting(凝血), therefore reducing the risk of a clot developing and causing a stroke. (这些药物被称为直接口服抗凝血剂，有助于阻止血液凝固，从而降低血栓形成和导致中风的风险。)”可知，抗凝血药物的主要作用是防止血液凝结。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“NHS England has used its spending power to cut deals with the makers of the four drugs (英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS England）利用其支出能力与这四种药物的制造商达成了协议)”可知，英国国家医疗服务体系和制药商他们已经达成了一些协议。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Thousands of lives have been saved by giving blood-thinning drugs to people with a heart condition that leaves them at risk of a stroke(中风), according to the head of the NHS. (英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）负责人表示，通过给患有心脏病的人服用血液稀释药物，数千人的生命得以挽救，这些心脏病使他们有中风的风险。)”和最后一段“NHS England has used its spending power to cut deals with the makers of the four drugs, which has made them much more widely available. The British Heart Foundation praised the NHS’s “great progress towards its goal of reducing stroke deaths”. (英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS England）利用其支出能力与这四种药物的制造商达成了协议，这使它们的供应范围更加广泛。英国心脏基金会称赞英国国家医疗服务体系“在实现减少中风死亡的目标方面取得了巨大进展”。)”可知，文章主要介绍英国国家医疗服务体系（NHS）负责人表示，通过给患有心脏病的人服用血液稀释药物，大大降低了房颤患者的中风可能导致的死亡或严重残疾，数千人的生命得以挽救。所以B选项“预防中风的突破”和文章意思一致。故选B。 （23-24高一上·浙江宁波·期末）On April 18—the International Day for Monuments and Sites, China Daily’s digital employee Yuanxi and Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes’ official virtual carto on figure Jiayao together introduced an interactive digital platform that hosts a virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes’ Library Cave (藏经洞) to the world. The platform was developed jointly by the Dunhuang Academy and the Chinese tech firm Tencent. It uses gaming technologies to show the historical scenes of the Library Cave in the digital world. The Library Cave in Mogao Grottoes was discovered in 1900, with more than 60,000 cultural relics dating from the 4th century to the 11th century unearthed. It was one of the most important archaeological discoveries in the 20th century. On the platform, visitors can role-play and “time travel” to ancient dynasties and talk with eight historical figures. The public can enter the platform through the Digital Dunhuang website and its WeChat mini program. In the digital age, the model of “culture+technology” has been introduced to facilitate the development of Chinese culture. The digitalization rate of China’s precious cultural relics is now over 70 percent, according to the 2022 China Digital Collection Industry Research Report released by iResearch. Institutions such as the Palace Museum have also started online digital services of their own. Artificial intelligence (AI) technology allows the public to view the interior of the buildings through the Palace Museum’s WeChat mini program. The Ministry of Culture and Tourism has also encouraged the development and transformation of cultural intellectual property (知识产权) by digital means. China Central Television has created a series of digital collections with different Dunhuang themes, such as the Dunhuang divine deer (神鹿) Youyou. It was created based on the image of the nine-colored deer from Dunhuang murals (壁画). The public can see the divine deer on CCTV’s own digital platform. Digital collections cater to the consumption habits of young people, who grow up in the information age. They not only protect the intellectual property of the collections but also bring the public closer to China’s “excellent traditional culture”, noted Dunhuang Art Institute. Su Bomin, director of the Dunhuang Academy, told Xinhua that more efforts will be made to explore new forms for showing cultural relics and offer the public greater cultural experiences to develop Dunhuang culture. 1．Which of the following statements about the virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes’ Library Cave is true? A．It was developed by the Dunhuang Academy alone. B．The public can have access to it through Wechat mini program. C．It has applied the latest time-traveling and gaming technology. D．It was unearthed in 1900 with more than 60,000 cultural relics. 2．What is the purpose of the model of “culture+technology”? A．To show the latest gaming technologies. B．To help cultural institutions make a profit. C．To promote the development of Chinese culture. D．To encourage people to explore Chinese cultural relics. 3．How does the author introduce the success of digital collections in Paragraph 7? A．By listing figures. B．By making comparisons. C．By giving definitions. D．By giving examples. 4．Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? A．China’s new way in rebuilding Mogao Grottoes’ Library Cave. B．China’s success in promoting the digitization rate of cultural relics. C．China’s interactive digital platform in developing Dunhuang culture. D．China’s latest advances in the development of cultural intellectual property. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，文章主要介绍了《中国日报》联手敦煌莫高窟官方虚拟卡通人物“伽瑶”向世人介绍了一个互动数字平台，该平台存有敦煌莫高窟藏经洞的虚拟副本，并讲述了用数字工具弘扬中国文化遗产的作用。 1．细节理解题。第四段第二句提到“The public can enter the platform through the Digital Dunhuang website and its WeChat mini program.”（公众可以通过数字敦煌网站及其微信小程序进入该平台。）由此判断，公众可以通过小程序进入该平台。B项符合文意。故选B。 2．推理判断题。第五段第一句提到“In the digital age, the model of “culture+technology” has been introduced to facilitate the development of Chinese culture.”（在数字时代，“文化+科技”的模式被引入，促进了中国文化的发展）由此判断，该模式的引入是为了促进中国文化的发展。故选C。 3．推理判断题。第七段第二三句提到“China Central Television has created a series of digital collections with different Dunhuang themes, such as the Dunhuang divine deer (神鹿) Youyou. It was created based on the image of the nine-colored deer from Dunhuang murals(壁画). The public can see the divine deer on CCTV’s own digital platform.”（中央电视台制作了一系列不同敦煌主题的数字合集，比如敦煌神鹿。它是根据敦煌壁画中的九色鹿形象创作的。公众可以在央视自己的数字平台上看到神鹿）该段提到了中央电视台也制作了一系列的敦煌主题数字合集，同时举出九色鹿的神鹿形象作为例子。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。第一段提到“On April 18 — the International Day for Monuments and Sites, China Daily’s digital employee Yuanxi and Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes’ official virtual carto on figure Jiayao together introduced an interactive digital platform that hosts a virtual copy of the Mogao Grottoes’ Library Cave(藏经洞) to the world.”（4月18日，国际古迹遗址日，《中国日报》数字员工袁西与敦煌莫高窟官方虚拟人物“伽瑶”共同推出了一个互动数字平台，向世界展示了莫高窟图书馆洞的虚拟副本）由此判断，文章围绕敦煌文化数字平台展开，这一创作方式也拉进历史与公众的距离。C项符合文意，故选C。 （23-24高一上·浙江宁波·期末）Learning any language is hard, but learning English can be especially challenging. Why? Because native speakers use the language in ways that textbooks could never describe. In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads. Here’s an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a “wazzock”. But what exactly is a wazzock? This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there’s nothing about it that would help you guess that. There are many strange terms like this in British English — the Oxford English Dictionary would be much smaller without these odd usages filling its pages. How can these odd words be explained? Part of the answer is the British sense of humor. Britons don’t like to take things too seriously, and this is evident through many British words and phrases. For example, to “spend a penny” means to use the bathroom. It refers to the days when people had to pay a penny to use a public toilet. In an interview for the BBC’s website, British linguist David Crystal suggested there may be historical reasons for the large number of odd words and phrases in British English. He thinks that they began in the late 16th and early 17th centuries. This was a great age for the theater, when Shakespear e and other writers worked hard to keep up with the demand for new plays. The theater’s popularity also created an incentive to invent new words. With this in mind, perhaps Shakespeare and his peers are to blame for unusual British words such as “codswallop” and “balderdash” — which both, mean “nonsense”. While these strange words may be confusing to non-native speakers, they certainly make studying English a lot more interesting. 1．According to the text, why may non-native speakers find it more challenging to learn English? A．Dictionaries are too complicated to understand. B．The English vocabulary is too large for them to learn. C．A large number of strange expressions confuse them. D．The English textbooks they use are usually out of date. 2．With the example of “the Oxford English Dictionary” in Paragraph 2, the author intends to . A．stress the large number of strange terms B．explain the origin of the strange phrases C．show British people’s attitude towards odd phrases D．show the usefulness of the Oxford English Dictionary 3．Which of the following words has the similar meaning to the underlined word “incentive” in Paragraph 4? A．concern B．inspiration C．application D．opinion 4．What is the tone of the author in writing the article? A．Aerious. B．Anxious. C．Indifferent. D．Humorous. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是英国英语中出现大量奇怪单词的原因。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“Because native speakers use the language in ways that textbooks could never describe. In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads.(因为母语为英语的人使用这种语言的方式是教科书无法描述的。特别是，英国人使用的单词会让许多语言专业的学生挠头)”以及第二段“Here’s an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a “wazzock”. But what exactly is a wazzock? This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there’s nothing about it that would help you guess that.(举个例子：你无意中听到一个英国人叫某人“wazzock”。但wazzock到底是什么？事实上，这个词的意思是愚蠢的人，尽管它没有什么能帮助你猜测的)”可推知，母语非英语的人之所以会觉得学习英语很难是因为许多奇怪的词对他们来说毫无意义，会让他们觉得非常的困惑。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段“Here’s an example: You overhear a Briton calling someone a “wazzock”. But what exactly is a wazzock? This word, in fact, means a foolish person, although there’s nothing about it that would help you guess that. There are many strange terms like this in British English — the Oxford English Dictionary would be much smaller without these odd usages filling its pages.(举个例子：你无意中听到一个英国人叫某人“wazzock”。但wazzock到底是什么？事实上，这个词的意思是愚蠢的人，尽管它没有什么能帮助你猜测的。英国英语中有很多奇怪的术语，如果没有这些奇怪的用法，《牛津英语词典》就会小得多)”可知，第二段以《牛津英语字典》为例，是为了强调英语词汇中有大量的奇怪的术语。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“This was a great age for the theater, when Shakespear e and other writers worked hard to keep up with the demand for new plays.(他认为它们始于16世纪末和17世纪初。这对戏剧来说是一个伟大的时代，莎士比亚和其他作家努力满足对新剧的需求) ”以及划线单词句中的“The theater’s popularity (剧院的受欢迎程度)”以及“to invent new words(发明新词)”可知，16世纪末和17世纪初对戏剧来说是一个伟大的时代，剧院也同时受到了大众的欢迎，从而激发了人们发明新词。所以划线单词的意思为“启发，激发”。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段的“In particular, words that British people use cause many language students to scratch their heads.(特别是，英国人使用的单词会让许多语言专业的学生挠头)”，第三段的“For example, to “spend a penny” means to use the bathroom. It refers to the days when people had to pay a penny to use a public toilet.(例如，“花一分钱”的意思是使用卫生间。它指的是人们必须花一分钱才能使用公共厕所的日子)”以及全文可知，作者在文中用了诙谐的单词，举了一些有趣的例子。由此可知，作者写这篇文章的语气是幽默的。故选D。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）For adults, communicating in our first language feels easy and natural. Yet learning language is a complex process that is influenced by several factors. When young children are beginning to learn language, some influences, such as the amount of speech a child hears and the amount of time they spend in back-and-forth language interactions with others, have what may appear to be obvious connections to language learning. Perhaps less obvious is that children’s own physical experiences with their environment help them learn new words. In new research in the cognitive (认知的) sciences, we investigated how this Is the case by considering how children learn words that refer to something they can touch, grasp and interact with. We asked parents to rate how easily a child can physically interact with the object, idea or experiences that a word refers to. We found words that refer to objects that are easy for children to interact with are also words that are learned at an earlier age. For instance, a word such as spoon is usually learned earlier than a word such as sky. And this relationship remains even when we consider other things that can affect word learning, such as how common a word is in everyday language. Words such as spoon and sky are both relevant to everyday life, and so children will probably hear those words quite early in their development. One difference between them is that spoon refers to something they can touch, grasp and interact with, whereas sky does not. Our findings agree with those of studies where babies wore small head-mounted body cameras to record their interactions with objects. Those studies show that the children’s own physical experiences helps them learn new words. For instance, in one study researchers found that 18-month-old babies were more likely to learn the-name of a new object when they held that object, and less likely to learn the name if their parent held the new object. Another study found that 15-month-olds who spent more time using new objects had learned more nouns by the time they were 21 months old. 1．What is the aim of the new research? A．To study how a baby interacts with everyday objects. B．To find out what influences a baby’s language learning. C．To investigate how a baby learns names of everyday objects. D．To see if babies’ physical experiences help them learn new words. 2．Which of the following might a baby learn at an earlier age? A．Sky. B．Heart. C．Milk. D．Leaf. 3．What can we infer about the author? A．A parent. B．A professor. C．A researcher. D．A journalist. 4．What is the function of the last paragraph? A．To further support their finding. B．To summarize the research result. C．To point out new research directions. D．To introduce results of other findings. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文通过一个最新的研究来阐述一个观点——婴幼儿的语言习得快慢和他们与周围物品互动的频率有关。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“In new research in the cognitive(认知的) sciences, we investigated how this Is the case by considering how children learn words that refer to something they can touch, grasp and interact with.”（在认知科学的一项新研究中，我们通过考虑儿童如何学习与他们可以触摸、掌握和互动的东西有关的单词来调查这种情况。）可知，这项新研究的目的是看看婴儿的身体体验是否有助于他们学习新单词。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“In new research in the cognitive(认知的) sciences, we investigated how this Is the case by considering how children learn words that refer to something they can touch, grasp and interact with.”（在认知科学的一项新研究中，我们通过考虑儿童如何学习与他们可以触摸、掌握和互动的东西有关的单词来调查这种情况。）以及第三段中“For instance, a word such as spoon is usually learned earlier than a word such as sky.”（例如，像spoon这样的单词通常比sky这样的单词学习得早。）和本段中“One difference between them is that spoon refers to something they can touch, grasp and interact with, whereas sky does not.”（它们之间的一个区别是，spoon指的是他们可以触摸、抓住和互动的东西，而sky则不是。）可知，幼儿对日常物品名称的习得速度和他们是否能常于这个物品互动有关，幼儿与牛奶的基础和互动行为更高，因此幼儿在早期阶段最有可能先学到的是牛奶。 故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“In new research in the cognitive(认知的) sciences, we investigated how this Is the case by considering how children learn words that refer to something they can touch, grasp and interact with. We asked parents to rate how easily a child can physically interact with the object, idea or experiences that a word refers to. We found words that refer to objects that are easy for children to interact with are also words that are learned at an earlier age.”（在认知科学的新研究中，我们通过考虑儿童如何学习与他们可以触摸、掌握和互动的东西有关的单词来调查这种情况。我们要求家长们对孩子与一个词所指代的物体、想法或经历进行肢体互动的容易程度进行评分。我们发现，孩子们在较早的年龄就学会了那些容易与之互动的物体。）可知，在论述研究的过程中，文章通过使用第一人称，如“We asked parents…”；“We found words…”以及“we investigated…”等进行描述，由此推断作者是研究人员之一。故选C项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Our findings agree with those of studies where babies wore small head-mounted body cameras to record their interactions with objects. Those studies show that the children’s own physical experiences helps them learn new words.”（我们的发现与那些婴儿戴着小型头戴式身体摄像头来记录他们与物体互动的研究结果一致。这些研究表明，孩子们自己的身体经历有助于他们学习新单词。）可知，其他一些研究也有类似的研究结果，因此它的作用是为了支持本文的观点，也就是本文所提到的最新研究的发现。故选A项。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）I was cutting up lettuce in the kitchen when I suddenly remembered watching a video about soaking the lettuce stub (莴苣残余部分) in water to grow a whole new vegetable. So I took out a wide-mouthed cup and placed the stub into it, gave it a little water, and placed it by the window. On a snowy morning I noticed the first sign. A first small leaf from its heart spread out. A tiny green flag of hope. Beaten, but not defeated. This lettuce was not done living! Within days, it was impossible to see the cuts where I had removed the leaves. The growth was explosive. And when I lifted the blossoming head out of the cup, tiny root threads fell down, seeking for the earth. What is growing here? Lettuce or hope? If I were a lettuce in a similar condition, I’d want to skeptically assess where I found myself before committing to full growth. Yet for this lettuce, my inadequate offering of water and a place by a window was enough for it to decide to reclaim itself again. It grew in a cup of water, in faith. This is the heart of this lettuce: alive, strong and fearless. It deserved a name. I decided to call it Monty. Monty wanted to grow, as we all do. I think I gave him a little love and freedom. Those two were all he needed to return to himself. I see joy in this lettuce. The return to self is always an expression of joy, which is life itself. This is the tendency of all living things. Monty still lives in a cup, but I’m going to transplant him outside. He deserves to become his full self. The only problem I see now is my ability to support Monty. I hope I have enough of a green finger. I’m surprised to find myself where I am. Maybe Monty is, too. I have the same choice as he does: give in or start again. The prospect of starting again is discouraging. But my lettuce-friend, Monty, leads the way. I can only hope to be as brave. 1．Why did the author soak the stub in water? A．To decorate the nice cup. B．To hope that it would grow. C．To make a video in person. D．To remove kitchen rubbish. 2．What can we infer from paragraph two? A．This lettuce showed no sign of recovery. B．This lettuce was still fighting to survive. C．Tiny root thread climbed out of the cup. D．The cuts can still be seen where there used to be leaves. 3．How would the author feel if put in the lettuce’s situation? A．Hesitant. B．Fearless. C．Aimless. D．Annoyed. 4．What can we learn from Monty? A．Never being afraid to restart yourself. B．Believing in yourself when in trouble. C．Enjoying your own life to the fullest. D．Giving freedom to the heart in a way. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者在厨房里切莴苣的时候突发奇想，尝试泡水种植莴苣根部，意外地观察到新生命的诞生。通过描述从一片小叶子的萌发到快速生长的过程，作者赋予这棵莴苣一个名字Monty，看到其中的希望和生长的力量。最后，作者从Monty的生长经历中领悟到，应该勇敢面对挑战，敢于重新开始。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“I was cutting up lettuce in the kitchen when I suddenly remembered watching a video about soaking the lettuce stub (莴苣残余部分) in water to grow a whole new vegetable. So I took out a wide-mouthed cup and placed the stub into it, gave it a little water, and placed it by the window. (我正在厨房切莴苣，突然想起看过一个视频，讲的是把莴苣残余部分泡在水里，就会长出一个全新的蔬菜。于是我拿出一个宽口杯子，把残余部分放进去，浇了一点水，然后把它放在窗边)”可知，作者把莴苣残余部分泡在水中是希望能看到它生长。故选B项。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“On a snowy morning I noticed the first sign. A first small leaf from its heart spread out. A tiny green flag of hope. Beaten, but not defeated. This lettuce was not done living! Within days, it was impossible to see the cuts where I had removed the leaves. (在一个下雪的早晨，我注意到了第一个迹象。第一片小叶子从它的芯里伸出来。希望的小绿旗。被打败了，但没有被打败。这莴苣没有放弃生存！几天之内，我就无法看到我切除叶子的伤口了)”可知，这棵莴苣没有放弃生长，真的长出了小叶子，很快就迅速覆盖住原先的伤口。由此可知，这棵莴苣还在挣扎求生。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中“If I were a lettuce in a similar condition, I’d want to skeptically assess where I found myself before committing to full growth. (如果我是一棵处于类似状况的莴苣，我会先怀疑地评估一下自己的状况，然后再开始全面生长)”可知，如果作者处于莴苣的状况之下，他会犹豫不决，在评估好环境后才努力生长。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“I have the same choice as he does: give in or start again. The prospect of starting again is discouraging. But my lettuce-friend, Monty, leads the way. I can only hope to be as brave. (我和他有同样的选择：要么放弃，要么重新开始。重新开始的前景令人沮丧。但是我的莴苣朋友Monty在前面带路。我只希望能像他一样勇敢)”可知，作者认识到自己应该像莴苣朋友Monty一样勇敢，不畏惧重新开始可能遇到的令人沮丧的状况。由此可知，我们应该向Monty学习永远不要害怕重新开始。故选A项。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）No one likes interruption. We are born to seek balance and order. No matter what it is that you are doing, being interrupted involves a forceful stop midway and then having to re-enter your former state, sometimes with great difficulty. Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break. However, a Russian psychologist, Bluma Zeigarnik, might tell you otherwise. The connection between interruption and memory drew her attention when she was dining in a restaurant. She noticed how the waitresses had an amazing memory of the detailed orders yet to be paid for, but little memory of the orders that were already completed. Back in her laboratory, she conducted studies in which subjects were required to complete various puzzles. Some of the subjects were interrupted during the tasks. All the subjects were then asked to describe what tasks they had done. It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. To put it another way, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them! In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are highlighted in the mental to-do list our brains draw up for us. Zeigarnik described this finding in the late 1920s, which was later called Zeigarnik effect. One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are longing for them to be completed, in order to regain a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog and give the space to more upcoming tasks. Zeigarnik’s effect can be found everywhere, especially used in media and advertising. Have you ever wondered why cliffhangers work so well or why you just can’t get yourself to stop watching that series on Netflix? Ernest Hemingway once said about writing a novel, “It is the wait until the next day that is hard to get through.” So next time, when you are interrupted, appreciate it and take advantage of it to promote your productivity. 1．What is a common practice to finish a task? A．Working in a focused period. B．Working with uncommon breaks. C．Working with a stop midway. D．Working in an interrupted session. 2．What is the finding of the Zeigarnik’s experiment? A．Interruption recalls details. B．Interruption betters memory. C．Interruption breaks balance. D．Interruption reduces efficiency. 3．What is the possible reason behind Zeigarnik’s effect? A．The physical backlog. B．The desire for balance. C．The outside pressure. D．The upcoming tasks. 4．Which of the following is an example of the application of Zeigarnik’s effect? A．Fashion shows. B．Talk shows. C．Online news. D．TV series. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Zeigarnik效应，以及出现这种情况的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Popular belief has it that interruption breaks the flow of your thinking and affects productivity negatively, and so it is advisable that you have an uninterrupted session of intensive work before your next break.(人们普遍认为，打断会打断你的思维，对工作效率产生负面影响，所以建议你在下次休息前进行一段不受打扰的高强度工作)”可知，完成一项任务的常见做法是精力集中地工作一段时间。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“It turns out that adults remembered the interrupted tasks 90% better than the completed tasks, and that children were even more likely to recall the uncompleted tasks. To put it another way, uncompleted tasks will stay on your mind until you finish them!(结果表明，成年人对被打断的任务的记忆比完成的任务高出90%，而孩子们甚至更有可能回忆起未完成的任务。换句话说，未完成的任务会一直留在你的脑海里，直到你完成它们！)”可知，Zeigarnik的实验发现“中断”能提高记忆力。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“One possible explanation is that with interrupted tasks, we are longing for them to be completed, in order to regain a sense of balance. Finishing them also means that we can finally clear up the mental backlog and give the space to more upcoming tasks.(一种可能的解释是，对于被打断的任务，我们渴望完成它们，以重新获得平衡感。完成它们也意味着我们最终可以清理心理积压，为更多即将到来的任务腾出空间)”可知，Zeigarnik效应可能的一个原因是渴望平衡。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“In comparison to tasks that were already finished and ones that we haven’t even started, half-done projects are highlighted in the mental to-do list our brains draw up for us.(与已经完成的任务和还没有开始的任务相比，完成了一半的项目会在我们大脑为我们制定的待办事项清单中突出显示)”可推知，看电视连续剧是Zeigarnik效应应用的一个例子，因为电视连续剧的剧集有时间间隔，导致人们被“中断”，以至于时刻想着看剧这件事。故选D。 （23-24高一上·浙江杭州·期末）The public nowadays has a misunderstanding of forest fires, believing that fires should be kept out of every type of forest. Many of us can recall Smokey the Bear’s famous warning: “Remember, only YOU can prevent forest fires”. However, that’s not always the case. Under the right conditions, and when conducted safely, fire can create many environmental benefits as well as help prevent larger, uncontrollable wildfires. After a forest fire, many wildlife species will move into recently burned areas to feed on these newly available foods. Some reptiles and amphibians such as the snake prefer forests frequently burned by fire. As Herbert Stoddard put it, “One of the most harmful things modern man has done to birds has been his attempt to exclude fire from fire-type pine (松树) forests. Within a few years most forests choke up with bushes, lose their prairie-like vegetation (草原般植被) and can no longer support birds which depend on periodic burning for their food supply and proper cover.” If you are asked to picture the forest floor, what do you see? Pine needles, cones, leaves, branches might come to mind — all sources of fuel. If these fuel sources build up without any type of removal, the ‘fuel load’ can lead to fires which are huge disasters to forests and people alike. In contrast, prescribed fires can be used by forest professionals every couple of years to keep forest fuels at a proper and manageable level. They can also greatly reduce the spread of pest insects and disease and remove unwanted tree and plant species. Plus, they can create and maintain important wildlife habitats rich in grasses and promote the growth of trees, wildflowers and other various plants. Many organizations work to promote fire on the landscape. Smoky Bear even has an updated warning: “Only YOU can prevent wildfires,” as the Forest Service has over the last few decades developed policies and measures to include prescribed fire as a useful tool, as well as continuing their work to prevent and fight wildfires. 1．What can benefit birds according to Herbert Stoddard? A．Forest bushes. B．Periodic burning. C．Fuel sources. D．Pine forests. 2．What does the underlined word “prescribed” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Frequent. B．Wild. C．Planned. D．Damaging. 3．Why do forest professionals need to conduct fire every couple of years according to the passage? A．To keep the forest in balance. B．To keep the fuel rich in the forest. C．To put out wildfires. D．To remove tree and plant species. 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To prevent the use of prescribed fire in the forest. B．To promote the complete exclusion of fire from forests. C．To educate people on positive aspects of controlled fires. D．To encourage the public to remove sources of forest fuels. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了公众对森林火灾其实存在误解，适当条件下的火灾对环境有益处，并有助于防止更大规模无法控制的野火。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中Herbert Stoddard所说的话“Within a few years most forests choke up with bushes, lose their prairie-like vegetation (草原般植被) and can no longer support birds which depend on periodic burning for their food supply and proper cover. (不出几年，大多数森林就会被灌木丛堵塞，失去草原般的植被，无法再养活依靠周期性燃烧获得食物供应和适当掩护的鸟类)”可知，对Herbert Stoddard而言，周期性的燃烧对鸟类是有益的，为它们提供食物和适当掩护。故选B项。 2．词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“can be used by forest professionals every couple of years to keep forest fuels at a proper and manageable level (森林专业人员可以每两年使用一次，以使森林燃料保持在适当和可管理的水平)”可知，专业人员使用这种火有固定的频率，目的是更好地管控森林燃料，再结合所给选项可推知，画线词意思应该与Planned“有计划的”相近，这是人为事先计划好的火。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“They can also greatly reduce the spread of pest insects and disease and remove unwanted tree and plant species. Plus, they can create and maintain important wildlife habitats rich in grasses and promote the growth of trees, wildflowers and other various plants. (它们还可以大大减少害虫和疾病的传播，并清除不需要的树木和植物物种。此外，它们可以创造和维持重要的长满草的野生动物栖息地，促进树木、野花和其他各种植物的生长)”可知，这种火灾可以帮助森林生态系统清理有害的、不需要的生物，促进有益的生物的生长。由此可知，森林专业人员这样做是为了保持森林的平衡。故选A项。 4．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“The public nowadays has a misunderstanding of forest fires, believing that fires should be kept out of every type of forest. (现在公众对森林火灾有一种误解，认为任何类型的森林都不应该发生火灾)”和“Under the right conditions, and when conducted safely, fire can create many environmental benefits as well as help prevent larger, uncontrollable wildfires. (在适当的条件下，如果安全进行，火可以创造许多环境效益，并有助于防止更大、无法控制的野火)”可知，作者想破除公众对森林火灾存在的误解，向读者普及正确的理解：适当条件下的火灾对环境有益处，并有助于防止更大规模无法控制的野火。因此，作者的写作目的是教育人们了解受控制的火灾的积极影响。故选C项。 （23-24高一上·浙江·期末）New York City’s trash is this woman’s treasure, and she’s using her platform to fight our culture of too much waste. Working at a bank in New York City, Anna Sacks was living the life — just not the life she wanted. Sure, she was happy. But she wanted to do something that felt important. She packed up and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a farming program that focuses on sustainable (可持续的) living. When she returned, it was with a new purpose and a variety of new skills to make her dreams a reality. “One of the things that really stuck with me from Adamah was how little waste they produced and how they handled the waste,” she says. “And I just thought, ‘Why aren’t we doing that here?’ I’d walk around my neighborhood and was shocked at how many bags of waste were piled up. I began to wonder, ‘What is actually in all those bags and recycling bins?’” Instead of getting stuck in a never-ending cycle of climate anxiety, she started a mission. In 2016, she took a master composting course and started working with a food rescue program. She found her calling in 2017. To satisfy her curiosity and to help her get food and household supplies, she began what she calls “trash walking”. During outings around her neighborhood, Sacks picks through garbage to look for reusable items. Surprisingly, she discovered a wide array of really great stuff — like clothing, dinnerware, and food — all of which she documents on Instagram and TikTok. Under the name The Trash Walker, Sacks quickly gained popularity for her educational and funny videos that bring out the problems with consumerism and share information about how to live a more sustainable lifestyle. “The root issue is overproduction, which leads to an immense amount of waste,” she says. Sacks’s main focus is simply getting people to pay attention to how many unnecessary things they buy and then throw away. “Once you become conscious of the way you consume, you can see ways you improve,” she says. 1．Why did Anna Sacks attend Adamah? A．To make more money. B．To get used to living in Connecticut. C．To relieve her climate anxiety. D．To live a more meaningful life. 2．How has the program, Adamah, affected Anna Sacks? A．She has developed a strong personality. B．She has got a purpose and new skills. C．She has become a social media expert. D．She has discovered many reusable items. 3．What does the underlined word in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Sacks’s suggestions for wasting less goods. B．Sacks’s efforts to fight extra waste. C．Sack’s collection from her trash walking. D．Sack’s call for living a sustainable life. 4．What is the major cause of the culture of too much waste according to Anna Sacks? A．Uncontrolled production. B．Unreasonable lifestyle. C．Increasing income. D．Low level of education. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在银行工作的女孩Anna Sacks为寻求更有意义的生活，参加了一个名为Adamah的项目，受到了那里垃圾处理方式的启发，开始关注垃圾问题并采取行动。她通过参加堆肥硕士课程和食品救援计划，最终找到了自己的使命，开始进行“垃圾行走”行动，在社区垃圾中寻找可重复使用的物品，并分享在Instagram和TikTok上，揭示消费主义的问题，分享如何过上更可持续的生活方式的信息。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But she wanted to do something that felt important. She packed up and moved to Connecticut for three months to participate in Adamah, a farming program that focuses on sustainable (可持续的) living. (但她想做点有意义的事。她收拾好行李，搬到了康涅狄格州，在那里待了三个月，参加了一个专注于可持续生活的农业项目Adamah)”可知，Anna Sacks参加Adamah项目是为了过更有意义的生活。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“When she returned, it was with a new purpose and a variety of new skills to make her dreams a reality. (当她回来的时候，她带着一个新的目标和各种新的技能来实现她的梦想)”可知，参加Adamah项目后，Anna Sacks有了目标和新技能。故选B项。 3．词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“I’d walk around my neighborhood and was shocked at how many bags of waste were piled up. I began to wonder, ‘What is actually in all those bags and recycling bins?’ (我在我家附近走了一圈，被堆积起来的垃圾袋之多震惊了。我开始想，‘那些袋子和回收箱里到底是什么？’)”和下文“In 2016, she took a master composting course and started working with a food rescue program. She found her calling in 2017. To satisfy her curiosity and to help her get food and household supplies, she began what she calls “trash walking”. During outings around her neighborhood, Sacks picks through garbage to look for reusable items. (2016年，她参加了堆肥硕士课程，并开始参与食品救援计划。她在2017年找到了自己的使命。为了满足她的好奇心，并帮助她获得食物和家庭用品，她开始了她所谓的“垃圾行走”。在她的社区附近外出时，Sacks在垃圾中寻找可重复使用的物品)”可知，Sacks一开始想知道附近的垃圾袋中的东西是什么，然后她学习了堆肥和食品救援方面的知识，开始“垃圾行走”行动，从垃圾中寻找可重复使用的物品。由此推知，她开始的这一任务是从“垃圾行走”中收集东西，减少浪费。故选C项。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中Anna Sacks所说的话“The root issue is overproduction, which leads to an immense amount of waste (根本问题是生产过剩，这导致了大量的浪费)”可知，她认为不受控制的生产是造成浪费过多的文化的主要原因。故选A项。 （23-24高一上·浙江·期末）Chips, cookies and ice cream... These tasty foods, which are ultra-processed, may literally make you an “addict”, as shown in a recent report in the British Medical Journal. Simply put, ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are the foods that you can’t re-create in your kitchen, according to the BBC． Produced in factories, they often have long lists of ingredients that you don’t recognize, such as additives (添加剂), and are ready to eat or simply need to be heated. The study’s researchers linked UPFs to addiction which includes behaviors like strong desire and negative experiences when trying to stop eating. They analyzed 281 studies from 36 different countries and regions. The findings showed that 14 percent of adults and 12 percent of children have ultra-processed food addiction. UPFs deliver carbohydrates and fat to the gut (肠) faster. Although nuts are high in fat, the fat can’t be digested (消化) in the early stages. The fat in UPFs, however, is broken down before entering the first part of the small gut, which signals the brain to produce more dopamine-the “happy” chemical. The additives in UPFs also impact the way the gut absorbs calories. To improve the flavor of the food or drink, man-made sugar is widely used in UPFs. However, it may combine with receptors in the gut, which makes it more sensitive to sweet food, eventually increasing the gut’s ability to absorb sugar. By considering that certain UPFs are “addictive”, similar to cigarettes or alcohol, “We may be able to help improve global health,” one of the study’s authors, Ashley Gearhardt, said in a press release. They are also calling for more action to fight against such an addiction. 1．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Additives in UPFs. B．The explanation of UPFs. C．The production process of UPFs. D．Differences between UPFs and natural foods. 2．According to the study, what is the typical behavior of people addicted to UPFs? A．Feelings of guilt when eating them. B．Loss of interest in other types of food. C．Difficulty in fighting the desire to eat them. D．Increased need for carbohydrates and fat. 3．Why are UPFs more likely to lead to addiction? A．They contain more nutrients than eaters’ needs. B．They are lower in carbohydrates and fat digestion. C．They prevent the gut from burning calories and fat. D．They help produce a chemical that makes eaters happy. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Significance of UPF Additives B．The Danger of UPFs C．The Benefits of Factory-Produced Food D．The Global Impact of UPF Addiction 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要对超加工食品（UPFs）进行了介绍，解释了什么是超加工食品，它们的特点以及为何可能对人体健康产生负面影响，特别是与上瘾行为的关联。 1．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Simply put, ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are the foods that you can’t re-create in your kitchen, according to the BBC. Produced in factories, they often have long lists of ingredients that you don’t recognize, such as additives (添加剂), and are ready to eat or simply need to be heated.(简而言之，超加工食品(UPFs) 是你无法在厨房里重新制造的食物，据BBC报道。它们是在工厂生产的，通常有一长串你不认识的成分，比如添加剂，它们是现成的，或者只是需要加热)”可知，本段主要解释了什么是超加工食品（UPFs），即那些无法在家庭厨房里重新制作出来的食品，通常包含很多不认识的成分，如添加剂，可以直接食用或只需加热即可。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The study’s researchers linked UPFs to addiction which includes behaviors like strong desire and negative experiences when trying to stop eating. They analyzed 281 studies from 36 different countries and regions. The findings showed that 14 percent of adults and 12 percent of children have ultra-processed food addiction.(该研究的研究人员将UPFs与成瘾联系起来，成瘾包括强烈的欲望和试图停止进食时的负面经历。他们分析了来自36个不同国家和地区的281项研究。调查结果显示，14%的成年人和12%的儿童对超加工食品上瘾)”可知，成瘾的行为包括强烈的欲望和试图停止食用时的负面体验。因此，根据研究，对超加工食品上瘾的人的典型行为是难以抗拒食用它们的欲望。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“UPFs deliver carbohydrates and fat to the gut (肠) faster. Although nuts are high in fat, the fat can’t be digested (消化) in the early stages. The fat in UPFs, however, is broken down before entering the first part of the small gut, which signals the brain to produce more dopamine-the “happy” chemical.(upf将碳水化合物和脂肪更快地输送到肠道。虽然坚果脂肪含量高，但脂肪在早期无法被消化。然而，upf中的脂肪在进入小肠的第一部分之前就被分解了，这向大脑发出信号，让大脑产生更多的多巴胺——一种“快乐”的化学物质)”可知，超加工食品中的脂肪在进入小肠的第一部分之前就被分解了，这会向大脑发出信号，产生更多的多巴胺——“快乐”的化学物质。因此，超加工食品更容易导致上瘾，因为它们帮助产生了一种让食用者感到快乐的化学物质。故选D项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“By considering that certain UPFs are “addictive”, similar to cigarettes or alcohol, “We may be able to help improve global health,” one of the study’s authors, Ashley Gearhardt, said in a press release. They are also calling for more action to fight against such an addiction.(该研究的作者之一阿什利·吉尔哈特(Ashley Gearhardt)在一份新闻稿中说，考虑到某些UPFs会像香烟或酒精一样“上瘾”，“我们或许能够帮助改善全球健康状况。”他们还呼吁采取更多行动来对抗这种成瘾)”以及纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了超加工食品（UPFs）的危害，特别是它们可能导致上瘾的问题。因此，最好的标题应该是B项“The Danger of UPFs(UPFs的危险)”。故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$