期末复习之阅读理解15篇（上海期末真题）-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津上海版）

期末复习之阅读理解15篇 (上海期末真题) （23-24八年级上·上海金山·期末） One day, I picked up my daughter Eloise from school and went to the supermarket for a few things. I was hoping to be in and out quickly. I found a short line with just one person in front of me. It was an elderly woman, and she was paying for her things with only change. After a long day at work, I was not happy with this woman. But then I watched the young clerk. He helped her count her change, even so gently taking it from her shaking hands. I listened to him repeatedly say to her: “Yes, ma’am.” When she asked if she had enough to buy a bag, he told her she did. Then he went two lines over to get one for her. Never once did this clerk get angry or roll his eyes. He was patient and kind. As I was watching him, I saw Eloise was too. I realized my daughter was learning an important lesson from a complete stranger. When the woman was finished, the clerk began ringing up my things and thanked me for my patience. I paid 33 dollars and thanked him too. I found the manager and told him about the clerk’s kindness and patience. Then we left the supermarket with a full cart, but also with a heart full of thankfulness for such an important lesson. 1．What did the writer hope to do after a long day at work? A．pick up his daughter B．go to the supermarket C．get back home quickly D．meet his friends 2．Which describes the writer’s attitude towards the elderly woman at first? A．kind-hearted B．frightened C．interested D．angry 3．From Paragraph 3, we learn that the elderly woman______________. A．lived a comfortable life B．might not have much money C．was a friend of the clerk’s D．didn’t want to pay for her things 4．How did the young clerk treat the elderly woman? A．He counted her change impatiently B．He interrupted her many times when she asked C．He got annoyed all the time and rolled his eyes D．He went two lines over to get a bag for her. 5．What does the underlined phrase “ringing up” in the story mean? A．putting away B．making a call C．making an order of goods D．recording how much is spent 6．What was the most important lesson the writer referred to? A．Be kind and patient to others B．It’s hard to be a good clerk C．We can learn from strangers D．Don’t look down upon anyone. （23-24八年级上·上海·期末） Cruises are becoming more and more popular, with around 20 million passengers per year now enjoying holidays on board luxury (奢侈的) ships. More people see a cruise as the perfect way to sit back and do nothing, and enjoy time off work. But what is the effect (影响) on the environment of this trend? Although it usually takes less energy for a vehicle to move through water than over land, cruise ships are often very big, with the biggest ones carrying up to 6, 000 passengers. Moving such large vehicles requires huge engines which burn as much as 300, 000 litres of fuel a day. One scientist has calculated that cruise ships produce as much pollution as 5 million cars going over the same distance. Because they are out at sea, they also burn dirtier fuel that isn’t allowed on land. Unfortunately, no government has control over the amount of air pollution out at sea. Cruises also produce huge amounts of rubbish, and cruise ships aren’t usually good at recycling. Waste water from showers and toilets is usually poured directly into the sea—as much per day as from a small town. Waste food from restaurants isn’t put into the sea, but still causes problems when brought back to the land. Cruise ships also cause difficulties in the cities where they stop. Popular destinations can get five or six ships per day, with thousands of tourists at a time. Good for restaurants? No. Restaurant owners complain that the visitors look around for a few hours and then return to their ship to eat. What’s more, the crowds can put off other tourists, who complain that the streets are too busy. Some towns have banned cruise ships or put a limit on the number that can stop at the same time. People who care about the environment worry that as the cruise industry continues to grow, so will the issues for our planet. 1．The underlined word “trend” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _______. A．change B．event C．decision D．problem 2．The biggest cruise can hold about _______ passengers. A．20, 000, 000 B．300, 000 C．6, 000 D．5, 000, 000 3．Cruise ships cause a lot of air pollution because _______. A．they carry large numbers of cars and passengers as well B．they use types of fuel that are not allowed on land C．it takes more energy to move through water than over land D．their engines are not as powerful as those of other vehicles 4．How is waste water dealt with on cruise ships? A．It’s thrown away at sea. B．It’s properly recycled. C．It’s brought into a town. D．It’s stored in the ships. 5．Why are cruise ship passengers not popular in some cities? A．They don’t spend money on meals in the restaurants. B．They fill up the restaurants and make noise. C．They complain when the city is too crowded. D．They are sometimes rude to other tourists. 6．The purpose of the passage is to _______. A．introduce a new way of travelling B．explain some problems cruise ships cause C．advise governments to ban cruise ships D．encourage people to try cruise ships （23-24八年级上·上海普陀·期末）Choose the best answer. (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) 1．The World Poetry Day is on _______. A．March 28th B．March 3rd C．March 21st D．August 28th 2．The purpose of the World Poetry Day is _______. A．to encourage the British to write poems B．to teach children how to read and write poems C．to raise money for the poets from all over the world D．to help people to read, write and teach poems better 3．The rules for the competition include the following EXCEPT ______. A．that poets can write poems in any language B．that poets must use their unpublished poems C．that poems can’t be taken back after the competition D．that poems can’t be written on the subject of violence or drugs 4．Poets can get￡1,000 if _______. A．they win in the group B．their poems are published C．they enter the competition D．their poems are written by themselves 5．Which is the correct order for poets to enter the competition? ①Pay￡5 for each poem. ②Visit the Centre Shop. ③Email their poem(s) to poetrycomp@centre. uk. ④Mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of their document. A．①②③④ B．②①③④ C．②①④③ D．③④②⑦ （23-24八年级上·上海浦东新·期末）According to a new survey, students’ safety has become a big problem. Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about robbery on the way to and from school. Now in main big cities in China, some schools have taught an unusual lesson: self-protection. Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to get away from danger before it really happens. Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No. 25 Middle School, gives young students advice on how to deal with danger. Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all time! 1．Why do students like the self-protection lesson? ①  Because there are no tests. ②  Because the school lessons are boring. ③  Because they can learn how to save lives. ④  Because they can know how to get away from danger before it happens. A．① ② B．② ③ C．① ② ④ D．① ③ ④ 2．If a bicycle hurts us, we should _________. A．remember the bicycle number B．not let the rider go until we call our parents C．let the rider go before we call our parents D．argue with the rider because we don’t know how seriously we are hurt 3．Which of the following statements is true if your house is on fire? A．I should put dry things on my body. B．I should run as quickly as I can and take the lift. C．I should run away and find an exit as quickly as I can. D．I should take everything I have and then run away. 4．The underlined word “drowning” most probably means __________. A．diving underwater B．being killed by being under the water C．playing underwater D．catching fish underwater 5．Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the story? A．Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about the safety problem. B．Remembering what the robber looks like can help the police catch the robber. C．Staying near trees when there is lightning is dangerous. D．Danger is sometimes not as far away as we think, so we don’t need to worry too much. 6．The best title for this passage may be _________. A．Danger B．Self-protection C．An Unusual Lesson D．How to Keep Calm （23-24八年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Choose the best answer (根据文章内容，选择最恰当的答案)： Many young people want to be pop stars. Pop stars are rich. Many people think they are leading a happy and easy life. Is that true? The answer is definitely no. In fact, they have very hard lives. They spend much of their time on travel. Sometimes the travel is interesting, but in most time it is boring to pop stars. The following chart is a day’s life of a pop star. Feb. 9th, 2023 5:00 Woke up and had breakfast in the hotel. Packed bags. Took taxi to the airport. 7:30 Plane took off half an hour later than usual for the bad weather. 8:30 Plane landed. Waited for luggage (行李) for half an hour. Signed for fans at the airport. 9:45 Arrived at the hotel and had a short rest. 10:00 Started out to attend the meeting with fans and give an interview to the local reporters. 11:00 Went to radio station to attend the live show. 12:00 Had lunch with local producer (制片人). 13:00 Went to the theatre and prepared for the night’s show. The lighting of the theatre was good, but the band (乐队) did poorly. 17:00 Back to hotel. Tried to have a rest. Still worried about the band. 18:00 Had supper, but eat little. 18:30 Went to theatre again and got ready for show. 19:00 Sang very well, and audience gave a warm welcome. The band improved a little. 22:00 The show was over. Very tired from it. 23:00 Back to the hotel. Took a bath. Too exited to sleep, so watched TV. 0:00 Fell asleep, with TV on. 1．The pop star went to the hotel _________ on Feb. 9th, 2023. A．once B．twice C．three times D．four times 2．According to the chart, the pop star was good at _________. A．singing B．dancing C．making faces D．playing the piano 3．The pop star felt _________ after the performance. A．tired B．worried C．sad D．warm 4．In the night’s show, the band did _________ in the rehearsal (彩排). A．worse than B．better than C．as poorly as D．as well as 5．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．She got her luggage at about nine at the airport. B．She got back to the theatre to see if the show was well prepared. C．She was hungry so she had a big supper at 18:00. D．She was too tired to watch all the TV programmes that night. 6．This passage mainly tells us that _________. A．pop stars are not rich in fact B．young people had better not be pop stars C．there are many young people wanting to be pop stars D．pop stars don’t have an easy life as they seem to have （22-23八年级上·上海普陀·期末）Read the passage and choose the best answer(根据短文内容, 选择最恰当的答案) What is inside Mars(火星)? Perhaps I may give you the answer in the near future. I am InSight(洞察号).I am a spacecraft. On Nov 27,I arrived on Mara. In fact, I am the eighth spacecraft in my family to successfully land on Mars. But I'm the first to study the things inside it. What do I look like? I have an arm, It is 1.8 metres long. At work, if I need to move the things from my body to the ground, the arm helps me. On my arm, I have my single eye. You are right-it's a camera. I can use it to take pictures of Mars. As for navigation(导航),I will be led to the right place because scientists on the Earth keep telling me about directions. With three legs, I can stand well. And look at my two big “wings". Actually the get lots of power from the sun to make me work. For the next 24 months-about one Martian year, I will stay on this red planet. Unlike brothers or sisters, I don't move a lot when I'm working on Mars. I will Just stay at one place use my heat probe(探热仪)to explore nearly 5 meters deep inside Mars. This way, I can get a lot of information about the inside without damaging the planet. Then I will send the information back to Earth. This may help scientists find out how Mars started. 1．Before InSight,_________ spacecrafts landed on Mars successfully. A．six B．seven C．eight D．nine 2．InSight can ________with the help of the single eye, A．move the things it needs t work B．use its camera to find the way C．stand well on Mars D．take pictures of Mars 3．InSight will stay on Mars for______. A．about one year B．twelve months C．about one Martian year D．twenty-four years 4．From this article, we know________. A．InSight gets its power for work from Mars B．several spacecrafts are studying the inside of Mars C．InSight won't damage Mars because it won't move a lot on the planet D．the scientists' ambition is to find out how Mars started 5．The best title for this article is_______. A．New Lander on Mars B．The Inside of Mars C．A Red Planet-Mars D．Exploring Mars （22-23八年级上·上海·期末）My dream is to be the first woman president (总统) of the United States when I grow up. Why? I want to show that girls can be just as important as boys. I want to be and do what boys are and do. My brother has the same goal (目标). He will be president right after me. One important characteristic it takes to be president is self-discipline (自我约束). Why is self-discipline important? What happens if your parents don't care about your grades? Do you work less hard or push yourself to do more? During my nine years in school I have never been told that 100% is good enough. 100% is good; 110% is better. Better still is 120%. I have got straight A's since I moved to Bedford. The good grades are a reward for my work. My parents are just there to encourage me but it is I who do the real work. Another important characteristic is flexibility (随机应变). I have two sides. One side is gentle and the other is tough (坚强的). These two sides are equally important to me. I have to know when to be hard and gentle at the right time. When a kid does something wrong, you need to be gentle but also harsh (苛刻的) to send the right message. You have to be tough when you are dealing with a bully (欺凌弱小者). I'm the only girl in Kung Fu class but the boys respect (尊重) me because they know I am as tough as any boy. These characteristics will lead me to my goal. I will never give up or do anyone wrong. I will be president when I grow up. 1．What do the writer and her brother want to be after they grow up ? A．Teachers. B．Writers. C．President. D．Parents. 2．What the writer has been told to do is best ? A．100%. B．110%. C．90%. D．120%. 3．Who does the real work at school ? A．The writer herself. B．Her parents. C．Her brother. D．None of them. 4．What are the two sides of the writer ? A．Flexible and gentle. B．Gentle and tough. C．Gentle and harsh. D．Tough and harsh. 5．Why do the boys in Kung Fu class respect the writer ? A．Because they know she is as tough as they. B．Because they know she isn't so tough as they. C．Because they know she is as gentle as they. D．Because they know she is gentler than they. （22-23八年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Choose the best answer.（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案） Now, follow me, and I promise you will find some websites (网址) you’re interested in. Connections Connections is a fashionable site covering all essential things – news, sports, results, advice and articles from all over the world – as well as organizing your life. Lots of links to other sites for ideas about working abroad, sate travel, etc. Our world A site for young people to meet and discuss what interest them – fashion, pop culture, music, problem, careers. Post your questions on the site’s noticeboard and you’ll soon get lots of replies. There’s also advice from professionals, so if you want to talk about health, money and education, you can get some serious answers. Lifelines Lifelines is probably one of the biggest sites on the web. It covers a huge range of subject from package holidays to job opportunities, designer clothes to world sports results and links you to sites which have paid to join their lists. Especially strong on family and home ideas. Marketplace This is an amazing list of shops, both High Street and on-line, regularly updated. Compare price to find the cheapest goods, read reviews of goods tested by experts or send in your own user’s report. Whether you’re looking for clothes, CDs, DVDs, shoes or books, you’ll find them here. 1．Which website provides the buyers’ experience of the goods? A．Connections. B．Our world. C．Lifelines. D．Marketplace. 2．The underlined word “essential” means ________. A．famous B．necessary C．powerful D．unusual 3．________ are interested in Our world. A．Young people B．Children C．The Middle-aged. D．Old women 4．Ken is building a music library of his favourite bands and classic works. Which site will be the best one for him? A．Connections. B．Our world. C．Lifelines. D．Marketplace. 5．On the site of Lifelines, which item CAN’T you get from it? A．Designer clothes. B．Job opportunities. C．Some sites without paying to Lifelines. D．Package holidays. 6．The passage is most probably taken from a/an ________. A．news report B．travel guide C．sports magazine D．advertisement （22-23八年级上·上海长宁·期末）Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案) The Los Angeles River was once a wonderful water source for the people of Los Angeles. But the river system was destroyed in the 1930s. In 1986, poet Lewis MacAdams took the first steps to “repair” it. To further save the river, Friends of the Los Angeles River (FoLAR) was then born. We have worked for more than thirty years to “repair” the river system. —JOIN US NOW— Welcome to Our River Movement! There are more ways than ever to join our River Movement. FoLAR creates chances for every citizen in Los Angeles to save the Los Angeles River. The Great L.A．River Cleanup Each April, FoLAR’s Great L.A．River Cleanup brings volunteers across Los Angeles together to clean up our great river. We began with only ten volunteers. Over the past years, that number has grown to 7,000. In all, we have removed 800 tons of trash from the river system. LEARN MORE AND SIGN UP (Click here) Year-Round Volunteer Events for Individuals (个人) Missed the Cleanup but still want to lend a helping hand? FoLAR runs lots of other volunteer events for individuals. Check out our Events Calendar to find out what’s coming up. VIEW EVENTS CALENDAR (Click here) River Makers River Makers is your chance to bring your company or team to clean the Los Angeles River. FoLAR partners(同……合作) with groups of all sizes. We can’t wait to work with you to plan a great volunteer event! LEARN MORE ABOUT RIVER MAKERS (Click here) Call us at 1323-223-0585 Office hours: 10 am—4 pm, Monday to Friday 1．According to the article, FoLAR is a(an) ________. A．reading club B．public health programme C．environmental organization D．famous publisher of poems 2．When was FoLAR set up? A．In 1986. B．In the 1930s. C．Ten years ago. D．Thirty years ago. 3．The Great L.A．River Cleanup is held ________. A．once a year B．once a month C．thirty times a year D．once every thirty years 4．According to the article, how many volunteers now take part in FoLAR’s Great L.A．River Cleanup? A．About 10. B．About 800. C．About 7,000 D．More than 20,000. 5．Jason wants to clean the Los Angeles River together with his employees this summer. If he wants to do this with the help of FoLAR, he might ________. ①call 1323-223-0585 ②click on “VIEW EVENTS CALENDAR” ③click on “LEARN MORE AND SIGN UP” ④click on “LEARN MORE ABOUT RIVER MAKERS” A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article? A．FoLAR’s River Movement is to all the rivers in the USA． B．FoLAR has volunteer activities for individuals all year round. C．FoLAR partners only with groups of large sizes. D．FoLAR’s events are all organized with the support of the local government. （22-23八年级上·上海长宁·期末）Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案) One day a poor woodman (伐木工人) was cutting a big piece of wood near a wide river. Suddenly his old axe slipped from his hand and fell into a deep water. He sat on the bank and was feeling very sad because he lost his only axe, when suddenly a lovely, bright fairy appeared and asked the woodman what was the matter. “I have lost my axe,” he said. “It fell into the deep water.” The fairy showed him a gold axe and said, “Is this yours?” “No,” said the woodcutter. The fairy then showed him a silver axe and said again in her clear voice, “Is this yours?” “No,” again answered the woodcutter. Then she showed him a common, iron axe with an old, wooden handle. “Yes, that’s mine,” said the happy woodcutter. “I know it well enough,” said the fairy, “I only wanted to see if you would tell me the truth; and now I will give you the gold axe and the silver axe because you are an honest man.” 1．The woodman cut wood in order to ________. A．make a living B．enjoy himself C．spend his time D．make a bridge 2．Here axe means ________. A．a basket B．a straw hat C．a rope D．a tool used to cut 3．The fairy showed the poor man ________ axes in all. A．two B．three C．four D．five 4．The fairy highly praised the woodcutter for his ________. A．bravery B．poverty C．kindness D．honesty 5．The passage is ________. A．a detective story B．science fiction C．a fairy tale D．a report （22-23八年级上·上海宝山·期末）Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示) Are you interested in reading? If you are a book lover, please come with us to see the following 4 newest books which may make you relaxed and joyful as well.   The Rewilders by Lindsay Littleson (Cranachan Publishing) When Emma goes to stay with her grandmother for the weekend, she thinks the weekend will be boring. However, after she arrives, she finds that the “cat” her grandmother saved is in fact a lynx (猞猁). Emma works with some special friends (including the world’s worst guard dog), and they set out on a dangerous task to return the young lynx to his homeland. Ways to Share Joy by Rena Watson Illustrated (配图) by Nina Mata (Bloomsbury Children’s Books) Rita is in the fifth grade in this third book of the Ways to Share Joy series (丛书), and a new baby sister has made her the middle child in the family instead of the youngest. Two friends are competing to be her best friend, which makes her quite worried. She asks for help on the Internet and gets a large number of useful replies. Art for the Heart by Rebecca Pang (Welbeck Kids) Art can be a great way to make you peaceful and quiet, explore your feelings and boost your happiness. This attractive book advises you to put your thoughts and dreams on paper. It helps express your feelings of happiness, sadness or anger and makes your life more enjoyable. While you are colouring the pictures, your bad feelings will slowly become weak or even disappear. Wild City by Ben Hoare Illustrated by Lucy Rose (Macmillan Children’s) There are wild (野生的) living things to be found even in the heart of the world’s biggest cities. This illustrated science book studies some of the animals that share room in the city with people including foxes, bears and kangaroos and shows how they have changed in order to live. For example, it tells the development of cities makes a big difference to their health and eating habits. 1．All of the four newest books are probably written for _________. A．scientists B．children C．artists D．animal lovers 2．Which of the following is true according to The Rewilders? A．Emma saves a lynx on her way to her grandmother’s home. B．Emma is interested in the young lynx and keeps it as a pet. C．The world’s worst guard dog is harmful to Emma and the young lynx. D．Emma helps the young lynx return to his home with some friends. 3．The underlined word “boost” in Art for the Heart probably means _________. A．buy B．raise C．lose D．hide 4．How many books in the Ways to Share Joy series have been published? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4. 5．Which of the following about the above 4 books is NOT true? A．Emma spends a weekend with her grandmother and does something special. B．Putting what you think and dream on paper makes you happy and relaxed. C．Ryan got plenty of useful replies about how to take care of a new baby sister. D．Wild animals like foxes have changed their eating habits in order to live in the city. （21-22八年级上·上海普陀·期末）A reader wrote to say that she was feeling lonely at break because her best friend wasn’t around. Here’s our advice to her—and to all kids who feel lonely sometimes.     It’s hard when a best friend isn’t around—maybe because she moved to a different school or a different class. You may feel lonely at break or lunchtime. You want to have new friends. But how do you make them? Maybe it seems like everybody else already has their friends. But remember, there’s always room for more friends.     Start by looking around your classroom—think about which kids you’d like to play with at break. Look for chances to say Hi to them, smile, and be friendly. Offer to share something or express your appreciation(欣赏) to them. Invite someone to play with you or say “Do you want to sit here?” in the lunchroom. When you’re at break, walk over to the kids you want to play with.     If you have trouble doing this or if you’re feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends. Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends. The best way to make friends is to be a friend. Be kind, be friendly, share, say nice things, offer to help—and pretty soon, you’ll have one, or two, or even more new friends.     You might still miss that special best friend. But when you see each other, you can share something you didn’t have before she/he left: You can introduce her/him to your new friends! 1．This text is written for ________. A．teachers B．parents C．students D．visitors 2．According to the writer, some kids feel lonely at break because they ________. A．have trouble with their studies B．don’t have their best friends around C．need their parents to be with them D．are too young to look after themselves 3．Some kids need help from teachers to make friends because ________. A．they miss their old friends a lot B．they have no time to stay with others C．teachers know who wants a new friend D．they are shy or not good at making friends 4．The best way to make friends is ________. A．to be a friend B．to wait for a friend C．to judge a person D．to criticize a person 5．What can you do when you meet your special best friend again? A．share something you didn’t have before she/he left B．introduce her/him to your new friends C．leave her/him alone D．A&B （21-22八年级上·上海金山·期末）We use the Internet for many things: business, shopping, writing letters, talking to people, finding information and so on. In recent years, a new kind of English has grown on the Internet. There’s no real word for it yet, so we’ll call it e-talk.     People don’t like typing too much. To save time, they turn phrases into a few letters (called acronyms 首字母缩略). Acronyms are often used in chat rooms (聊天室). Some of them are:     People also use many abbreviations (缩写词). They are shortened forms of words. Some common abbreviations are:    We usually don’t see people when we communicate on the Net, so people have new ways to show feelings. Most people use their keyboards to draw “feelings”, such as: These days, many forums (论坛) have picture feelings. For example: There are even whole new words, like “newbies” (someone who is new on a chat board or forum). When you write something bad about someone else, it’s called “flaming” the person.    It takes time for people to get used to e-talk. Also, different groups on the Net have their own special ways of communicating. Newbies sometimes have to ask other people what they mean. As the Internet grows, e-talk will continue to grow and change. 1．Why do people type acronyms? A．To show their feelings. B．To make jokes. C．Because people can type them quickly. D．In this way newbies won’t understand them. 2．What does “BTW, my puter is not working well. :-( ” mean? A．The person is happy about getting a new computer. B．The person has to go away from his computer. C．The person is angry at somebody. D．The person is sad that his computer is having problems. 3．If someone is angry, what may he type? A． B． C．LOL D．BRB． 4．E-talk will probably . A．keep changing B．stay the same C．be used by people on the telephone D．be easy for newbies to understand 5．The best title for this passage is . A．E-talk B．Picture Feelings C．How to Use Abbreviations D．The Changing Internet （21-22八年级上·上海浦东新·期末） More than 60 years after scientists made big discoveries about the structure of DNA, 20 students at US Coretta Scott King Young Women’s Leadership Academy gained insight（了解）into some of the molecular（分子的）mysteries that make them who they are. Last fall, while studying life sciences, the girls sent samples（样本）of their DNA off to Living DNA, a DNA testing company. The test results became known last week and they left a big impression on the students, who were able to make real-world connections to topics they have been studying all semester long, including genotypes（基因型）. “Students were able to maturely（成熟地）look at their results and apply what they learned in science. It’s about bringing learning to life,” said Laura Pena, the STEM program teacher. For most of the girls, the DNA test was their ancestry（血统）. Sitting with her mom, Amariah Caudle, 15, looked with her mouth wide open at the charts showing her results. She was surprised that her European ancestry was only 13 percent. Her mother, Janell Caudle, was surprised it was that high. “I didn’t think a trace（痕迹）would show up in her,” she said. “After many generations, this is still showing up in our bloodline（血统）. I was shocked by the science of it all.” DNA has a power to engage people, said Diahan Southard, Living DNA community manager. Southard believes the program gives students an understanding of DNA at an important moment, when they are still young enough to absorb lessons and change their values. Elianed Guzman, 14, said she knew little about her family except that they were from Mexico. She described in her native Spanish how surprised she was to learn that she shared genetic DNA with people in China, Japan and Korea. As the girls sat in small groups to examine their results, with reactions ranging from confusion to surprise, they began to understand what it all means. “Now I know I have family from everywhere,” said Amariah. 1．Scientists made big discoveries about the structure of DNA possibly________. A．in the 1910s B．in the 1930s C．in the 1950s D．in the 1990s 2．How did the students feel when they found out the DNA test results? A．Anxious. B．Doubtful. C．Impressed. D．Calm. 3．Why was Amariah Caudle’s mother surprised? A．People had the opportunity to test their DNA． B．The European trace showed up in Amariah’s DNA． C．Amariah possibly had European ancestry. D．Amariah shared genetic DNA with people from Asia. 4．What does Southard think of the program? A．It helps students understand their DNAs. B．It has a great power to bring people together. C．It will change their students’ DNAs. D．It should be introduced to more people around the country. 5．What did the students learn from the program? A．People need to accept who they are. B．We should learn more about family history. C．People’s personalities can be explained by their bloodlines. D．People from all over the world are connected with each other. 6．The best title for the passage is ________. A．Our amazing past B．Our amazing present C．Our amazing future D．Our past, present and future （21-22八年级上·上海虹口·期末）Aquatic art protects sea life A fisherman has built an undersea museum to try to stop illegal and harmful trawling（拖网捕鱼）in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Italy. Bottom trawling is a form of fishing in which nets are weighted with chains and dragged across the seabed. It can sweep up any sea life in their way and destroy delicate habitats. Although it is illegal within three miles of the Italian coast, it can be an easy way for fisherman to make money. Paolo Fanciulli has fished the water off Tuscany in northwest Italy ever since he was the age of 13. He has been campaigning against trawling ever since he first began noticing its harmful effects in the 1980s. In 2006, the local government dropped blocks onto the seabed to stop trawling nets in their tracks. However, they were too far apart and the nets passed between them. Fanciulli, however, did not give up. He asked a local marble quarry（采石场）to donate two large stone blocks. When he was offered 100 instead, he appealed to artists around the world to help turn them into sculptures. The blocks have now been dropped in a large circle to form an underwater art museum that can be visited by divers. There are now hopeful signs of marine regeneration（再生）in the area. Meanwhile, the numbers of sea creatures in the area such as turtles and dolphins have also been on the rise. 1．An undersea museum has been built to ________. A．provide a place for visitors B．protect fishermen in Italy C．stop illegal fishing to protect sea life D．make the coast of Italy more beautiful 2．The second paragraph mainly talks about ________. A．the history of bottom trawling B．advantages of bottom trawling C．different opinions on bottom trawling D．general information about bottom trawling 3．According to paragraph 3, the government’s block-dropping method was ________. A．harmful B．effective C．beneficial D．unsuccessful 4．The underlined phrase “appealed to” in the third paragraph most nearly means ________. A．resulted in B．called for C．brought about D．presented with 5．What can we learn about Fanciulli, according to paragraph 3 and 4? A．Fanciulli made money from stone blocks. B．Fanciulli turned large stone blocks into sculptures. C．Fanciulli’s efforts to build the museum have brought benefits to sea creatures. D．Fanciulli learned about the harmful effects of trawling while he was building the museum. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 期末复习之阅读理解15篇 (上海期末真题) （23-24八年级上·上海金山·期末） One day, I picked up my daughter Eloise from school and went to the supermarket for a few things. I was hoping to be in and out quickly. I found a short line with just one person in front of me. It was an elderly woman, and she was paying for her things with only change. After a long day at work, I was not happy with this woman. But then I watched the young clerk. He helped her count her change, even so gently taking it from her shaking hands. I listened to him repeatedly say to her: “Yes, ma’am.” When she asked if she had enough to buy a bag, he told her she did. Then he went two lines over to get one for her. Never once did this clerk get angry or roll his eyes. He was patient and kind. As I was watching him, I saw Eloise was too. I realized my daughter was learning an important lesson from a complete stranger. When the woman was finished, the clerk began ringing up my things and thanked me for my patience. I paid 33 dollars and thanked him too. I found the manager and told him about the clerk’s kindness and patience. Then we left the supermarket with a full cart, but also with a heart full of thankfulness for such an important lesson. 1．What did the writer hope to do after a long day at work? A．pick up his daughter B．go to the supermarket C．get back home quickly D．meet his friends 2．Which describes the writer’s attitude towards the elderly woman at first? A．kind-hearted B．frightened C．interested D．angry 3．From Paragraph 3, we learn that the elderly woman______________. A．lived a comfortable life B．might not have much money C．was a friend of the clerk’s D．didn’t want to pay for her things 4．How did the young clerk treat the elderly woman? A．He counted her change impatiently B．He interrupted her many times when she asked C．He got annoyed all the time and rolled his eyes D．He went two lines over to get a bag for her. 5．What does the underlined phrase “ringing up” in the story mean? A．putting away B．making a call C．making an order of goods D．recording how much is spent 6．What was the most important lesson the writer referred to? A．Be kind and patient to others B．It’s hard to be a good clerk C．We can learn from strangers D．Don’t look down upon anyone. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．A 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文文讲述了作者带着女儿在超市里见到的故事。一位老人全部用零钞在超市购物，作者排在其后，开始很生气。但是超市职员的态度深深地感动了作者及女儿。这件事深深地打动了作者，也给他的女儿上了生动的一课。 1．细节理解题。题干：在漫长的一天工作之后，作者希望做什么？根据第一段One day, I picked up my daughter Eloise from school and went to the supermarket for a few things. I was hoping to be in and out quickly.可知，作者希望很快买完东西，故选C。 2．细节理解题。题干：哪一个词可以描述作者最初对老妇人的态度？A. kind-hearted好心的；B. frightened害怕的；C. interested感兴趣的；    D. angry生气的。根据第二段的After a long day at work, I was not happy with this woman.可知，作者对这个老妇人并不满意。故选D。 3．细节理解题。题干：从第3段，我们了解到老妇人的什么情况？A. lived a comfortable life 过着舒适的生活；B. might not have much money可能没有很多钱；C. was a friend of the clerk’s是售货员的朋友；D. didn’t want to pay for her things不想为她买的东西付钱。根据第三段中老人拿零钱买包可断定老人可能没有很多的钱。故选B。 4．细节理解题。题干：那位年轻的职员如何对待那位老妇人？根据第三段He helped her count her change, even so gently taking it from her shaking hands.和Then he went two lines over to get one for her.可知，收银员不仅他帮老妇人数零钱，还得知老妇人有足够的钱买包的时候，走过两个货架帮她取包。故选D。 5．词意猜测题。题干：故事中带下划线的词组“ringing up”是什么意思？根据语境，当那位老妇人付完账之后，店员开始给我结账了。ring up打电话；把款项记入现金进出记录机。故选D。 6．细节理解题。题干：作者提到的最重要的一课是什么？根据最后一段中的Sometimes just one act of kindness is all it takes to encourage others to do the same. Being kind to others can also make you feel good.可知，本文中的重要一课指对别人的耐心和友好。故选A。 （23-24八年级上·上海·期末） Cruises are becoming more and more popular, with around 20 million passengers per year now enjoying holidays on board luxury (奢侈的) ships. More people see a cruise as the perfect way to sit back and do nothing, and enjoy time off work. But what is the effect (影响) on the environment of this trend? Although it usually takes less energy for a vehicle to move through water than over land, cruise ships are often very big, with the biggest ones carrying up to 6, 000 passengers. Moving such large vehicles requires huge engines which burn as much as 300, 000 litres of fuel a day. One scientist has calculated that cruise ships produce as much pollution as 5 million cars going over the same distance. Because they are out at sea, they also burn dirtier fuel that isn’t allowed on land. Unfortunately, no government has control over the amount of air pollution out at sea. Cruises also produce huge amounts of rubbish, and cruise ships aren’t usually good at recycling. Waste water from showers and toilets is usually poured directly into the sea—as much per day as from a small town. Waste food from restaurants isn’t put into the sea, but still causes problems when brought back to the land. Cruise ships also cause difficulties in the cities where they stop. Popular destinations can get five or six ships per day, with thousands of tourists at a time. Good for restaurants? No. Restaurant owners complain that the visitors look around for a few hours and then return to their ship to eat. What’s more, the crowds can put off other tourists, who complain that the streets are too busy. Some towns have banned cruise ships or put a limit on the number that can stop at the same time. People who care about the environment worry that as the cruise industry continues to grow, so will the issues for our planet. 1．The underlined word “trend” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to _______. A．change B．event C．decision D．problem 2．The biggest cruise can hold about _______ passengers. A．20, 000, 000 B．300, 000 C．6, 000 D．5, 000, 000 3．Cruise ships cause a lot of air pollution because _______. A．they carry large numbers of cars and passengers as well B．they use types of fuel that are not allowed on land C．it takes more energy to move through water than over land D．their engines are not as powerful as those of other vehicles 4．How is waste water dealt with on cruise ships? A．It’s thrown away at sea. B．It’s properly recycled. C．It’s brought into a town. D．It’s stored in the ships. 5．Why are cruise ship passengers not popular in some cities? A．They don’t spend money on meals in the restaurants. B．They fill up the restaurants and make noise. C．They complain when the city is too crowded. D．They are sometimes rude to other tourists. 6．The purpose of the passage is to _______. A．introduce a new way of travelling B．explain some problems cruise ships cause C．advise governments to ban cruise ships D．encourage people to try cruise ships 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了游轮旅行产生的环境污染。 1．词义猜测题。根据“Cruises are becoming more and more popular, with around 20 million passengers per year now enjoying holidays on board luxury (奢侈的) ships.”可知，现在越来越多人享受游轮旅行，已经成为一种趋势，此处trend表示“趋势”，意思和change类似，表示人们生活习惯的一种改变。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“…with the biggest ones carrying up to 6, 000 passengers.”可知，最大的游轮可容纳约6000名乘客。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“…cruise ships produce as much pollution as 5 million cars going over the same distance. Because they are out at sea, they also burn dirtier fuel that isn’t allowed on land.”可知，游轮造成了大量的空气污染，因为它们使用的燃料是陆地上不允许使用的。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Waste water from showers and toilets is usually poured directly into the sea…”可知，游轮上的废水被倒进海里。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“Restaurant owners complain that the visitors look around for a few hours and then return to their ship to eat.”可知，一些乘客并不在当地餐馆吃饭。故选A。 6．主旨大意题。根据“But what is the effect on the environment of this trend?”和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了游轮所产生的环境污染。故选B。 （23-24八年级上·上海普陀·期末）Choose the best answer. (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) 1．The World Poetry Day is on _______. A．March 28th B．March 3rd C．March 21st D．August 28th 2．The purpose of the World Poetry Day is _______. A．to encourage the British to write poems B．to teach children how to read and write poems C．to raise money for the poets from all over the world D．to help people to read, write and teach poems better 3．The rules for the competition include the following EXCEPT ______. A．that poets can write poems in any language B．that poets must use their unpublished poems C．that poems can’t be taken back after the competition D．that poems can’t be written on the subject of violence or drugs 4．Poets can get￡1,000 if _______. A．they win in the group B．their poems are published C．they enter the competition D．their poems are written by themselves 5．Which is the correct order for poets to enter the competition? ①Pay￡5 for each poem. ②Visit the Centre Shop. ③Email their poem(s) to poetrycomp@centre. uk. ④Mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of their document. A．①②③④ B．②①③④ C．②①④③ D．③④②⑦ 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了国际诗歌比赛的相关情况，介绍了它的目的，比赛规则等。 1．细节理解题。根据“World Poetry Day is celebrated on 21 March”可知，在3月21日庆祝国际诗歌日。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Its purpose is to improve people’s ability to read, write, and teach poems all over the world”可知，国际诗歌日的目的是提高全世界人们读诗、写诗和教诗的能力。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“The poem(s) must be in English”可知，诗歌必须用英语写。故选项A“诗人可以用任何语言写诗”表达错误。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“The winners of each group will receive￡1,000”可知，每组的优胜者将获得1000英镑。故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“To enter the competition, please visit the Centre Shop to pay￡5 for each poem. Once the payment is made, please email the poem(s) to poetrycomp@center.uk. Remember to mark Open or ESL in the top right-hand corner of the document to show which group to enter before emailing your poem(s)”可知，要参加比赛，请访问中心商店，为每首诗支付5英镑。付款后，请将诗歌发邮件至poetrycomp@center.uk。记得在邮件发送诗歌之前，在文档的右上角标记Open或ESL，以显示要进入哪个组。故正确顺序为②①④③。故选C。 （23-24八年级上·上海浦东新·期末）According to a new survey, students’ safety has become a big problem. Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about robbery on the way to and from school. Now in main big cities in China, some schools have taught an unusual lesson: self-protection. Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to get away from danger before it really happens. Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No. 25 Middle School, gives young students advice on how to deal with danger. Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all time! 1．Why do students like the self-protection lesson? ①  Because there are no tests. ②  Because the school lessons are boring. ③  Because they can learn how to save lives. ④  Because they can know how to get away from danger before it happens. A．① ② B．② ③ C．① ② ④ D．① ③ ④ 2．If a bicycle hurts us, we should _________. A．remember the bicycle number B．not let the rider go until we call our parents C．let the rider go before we call our parents D．argue with the rider because we don’t know how seriously we are hurt 3．Which of the following statements is true if your house is on fire? A．I should put dry things on my body. B．I should run as quickly as I can and take the lift. C．I should run away and find an exit as quickly as I can. D．I should take everything I have and then run away. 4．The underlined word “drowning” most probably means __________. A．diving underwater B．being killed by being under the water C．playing underwater D．catching fish underwater 5．Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the story? A．Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about the safety problem. B．Remembering what the robber looks like can help the police catch the robber. C．Staying near trees when there is lightning is dangerous. D．Danger is sometimes not as far away as we think, so we don’t need to worry too much. 6．The best title for this passage may be _________. A．Danger B．Self-protection C．An Unusual Lesson D．How to Keep Calm 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．B 【导语】本文主要告诉我们在遇到紧急危险情况下如何自救，进行自我保护。 1．细节理解题。根据文中“Students like this lesson because there are no exams or boring classes. And they can learn how to save lives and know how to get away from danger before it really happens.”可知，学生们喜欢这个课，因为这里没有考试，也没有枯燥的课程，他们可以学会如何拯救生命，知道如何在危险真正发生之前逃离危险，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文中“If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go.”可知，如果是自行车，在让骑车人离开之前，尽量给父母打电话，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文中“If there is a fire  Get away as fast as you can. Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. Do not take the lift.”可知，如果发生火灾，请尽快离开，把湿的东西放在身上，试着找到一个出口，不要乘坐电梯，故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“If you can’t swim, don’t get into the water. Cry out for help.”可知，drowning应意为“溺水”，与“being killed by being under the water”同义，故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据文中“Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all time!”可知，危险从来没有你想象的那么遥远，时刻要照顾好自己，选项D表达错误，故选D。 6．最佳标题题。本文主要告诉我们在遇到紧急危险情况下如何自救，进行自我保护，所以选项B“自我保护”是最佳题目，故选B。 （23-24八年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Choose the best answer (根据文章内容，选择最恰当的答案)： Many young people want to be pop stars. Pop stars are rich. Many people think they are leading a happy and easy life. Is that true? The answer is definitely no. In fact, they have very hard lives. They spend much of their time on travel. Sometimes the travel is interesting, but in most time it is boring to pop stars. The following chart is a day’s life of a pop star. Feb. 9th, 2023 5:00 Woke up and had breakfast in the hotel. Packed bags. Took taxi to the airport. 7:30 Plane took off half an hour later than usual for the bad weather. 8:30 Plane landed. Waited for luggage (行李) for half an hour. Signed for fans at the airport. 9:45 Arrived at the hotel and had a short rest. 10:00 Started out to attend the meeting with fans and give an interview to the local reporters. 11:00 Went to radio station to attend the live show. 12:00 Had lunch with local producer (制片人). 13:00 Went to the theatre and prepared for the night’s show. The lighting of the theatre was good, but the band (乐队) did poorly. 17:00 Back to hotel. Tried to have a rest. Still worried about the band. 18:00 Had supper, but eat little. 18:30 Went to theatre again and got ready for show. 19:00 Sang very well, and audience gave a warm welcome. The band improved a little. 22:00 The show was over. Very tired from it. 23:00 Back to the hotel. Took a bath. Too exited to sleep, so watched TV. 0:00 Fell asleep, with TV on. 1．The pop star went to the hotel _________ on Feb. 9th, 2023. A．once B．twice C．three times D．four times 2．According to the chart, the pop star was good at _________. A．singing B．dancing C．making faces D．playing the piano 3．The pop star felt _________ after the performance. A．tired B．worried C．sad D．warm 4．In the night’s show, the band did _________ in the rehearsal (彩排). A．worse than B．better than C．as poorly as D．as well as 5．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．She got her luggage at about nine at the airport. B．She got back to the theatre to see if the show was well prepared. C．She was hungry so she had a big supper at 18:00. D．She was too tired to watch all the TV programmes that night. 6．This passage mainly tells us that _________. A．pop stars are not rich in fact B．young people had better not be pop stars C．there are many young people wanting to be pop stars D．pop stars don’t have an easy life as they seem to have 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 【导语】本文介绍了一个明星一天的行程，告诉大家明星的生活并不总是如大家想象的那样美好。 1．细节理解题。根据“9:45 Arrived at the hotel and had a short rest.”、“17:00 Back to hotel.”、“23:00 Back to the hotel.”可知，是一天去了三次宾馆。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Sang very well, and audience gave a warm welcome.”可知，唱歌唱地好，所以是擅长唱歌。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“The show was over. Very tired from it.”可知，演出结束后感觉很累。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“The lighting of the theatre was good, but the band (乐队) did poorly.”以及“The band improved a little.”可知，乐队演出时比彩排时要好。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“18:00 Had supper, but eat little.”可知，晚饭吃了很少，并不是很饿吃了顿大餐。故选C。 6．主旨大意题。本文介绍了一个明星一天的行程，告诉大家明星的生活并不总是如大家想象的那样美好。故选D。 （22-23八年级上·上海普陀·期末）Read the passage and choose the best answer(根据短文内容, 选择最恰当的答案) What is inside Mars(火星)? Perhaps I may give you the answer in the near future. I am InSight(洞察号).I am a spacecraft. On Nov 27,I arrived on Mara. In fact, I am the eighth spacecraft in my family to successfully land on Mars. But I'm the first to study the things inside it. What do I look like? I have an arm, It is 1.8 metres long. At work, if I need to move the things from my body to the ground, the arm helps me. On my arm, I have my single eye. You are right-it's a camera. I can use it to take pictures of Mars. As for navigation(导航),I will be led to the right place because scientists on the Earth keep telling me about directions. With three legs, I can stand well. And look at my two big “wings". Actually the get lots of power from the sun to make me work. For the next 24 months-about one Martian year, I will stay on this red planet. Unlike brothers or sisters, I don't move a lot when I'm working on Mars. I will Just stay at one place use my heat probe(探热仪)to explore nearly 5 meters deep inside Mars. This way, I can get a lot of information about the inside without damaging the planet. Then I will send the information back to Earth. This may help scientists find out how Mars started. 1．Before InSight,_________ spacecrafts landed on Mars successfully. A．six B．seven C．eight D．nine 2．InSight can ________with the help of the single eye, A．move the things it needs t work B．use its camera to find the way C．stand well on Mars D．take pictures of Mars 3．InSight will stay on Mars for______. A．about one year B．twelve months C．about one Martian year D．twenty-four years 4．From this article, we know________. A．InSight gets its power for work from Mars B．several spacecrafts are studying the inside of Mars C．InSight won't damage Mars because it won't move a lot on the planet D．the scientists' ambition is to find out how Mars started 5．The best title for this article is_______. A．New Lander on Mars B．The Inside of Mars C．A Red Planet-Mars D．Exploring Mars 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．A 【分析】短文大意：本文是科普类阅读，以自述的形式介绍了第八代火星探测器——洞察号。 1．题意：在洞察号之前，七艘宇宙飞船成功登陆火星。考查细节理解。根据In fact, I am the eighth spacecraft in my family to successfully land on Mars.可知此前有七艘宇宙飞船成功登陆火星，故选B。 2．题意：洞察号能在单只眼睛的帮助下拍摄火星照片。考查细节理解。根据On my arm, I have my single eye. You are right-it's a camera. I can use it to take pictures of Mars.可知用它来拍火星的照片，故选D。 3．题意：洞察号将在火星上停留大约一年。考查细节理解。根据For the next 24 months-about one Martian year, I will stay on this red planet.可知火星上一年是24个月，相当于地球上两年；about one Martian year符合题意，故选C。 4．题意：在这篇文章中，我们知道科学家的目标是找出火星是如何开始的。考查细节理解。根据最后This may help scientists find out how Mars started.可知科学家们想找到火星的起源，the scientists' ambition is to find out how Mars started符合题意，故选D。 5．题意：这篇文章最好的标题是《火星上的新登陆者》。考查标题归纳。根据第一段I am InSight…I am the eighth spacecraft in my family to successfully land on Mars. But I'm the first to study the things inside it.结合短文内容，可知介绍的是第八代火星探测器——洞察号，New Lander on Mars符合文意，故选A。 【点睛】本文是科普类阅读，篇幅较长，介绍了第八代火星探测器——洞察号，难度适中，各个小题都能在文中找到适当依据。只要认真阅读短文，注意前后联系，就能顺利完成阅读。主要考查细节理解，做题关键是找出原文的根据，认真核查小题和原文的异同。 （22-23八年级上·上海·期末）My dream is to be the first woman president (总统) of the United States when I grow up. Why? I want to show that girls can be just as important as boys. I want to be and do what boys are and do. My brother has the same goal (目标). He will be president right after me. One important characteristic it takes to be president is self-discipline (自我约束). Why is self-discipline important? What happens if your parents don't care about your grades? Do you work less hard or push yourself to do more? During my nine years in school I have never been told that 100% is good enough. 100% is good; 110% is better. Better still is 120%. I have got straight A's since I moved to Bedford. The good grades are a reward for my work. My parents are just there to encourage me but it is I who do the real work. Another important characteristic is flexibility (随机应变). I have two sides. One side is gentle and the other is tough (坚强的). These two sides are equally important to me. I have to know when to be hard and gentle at the right time. When a kid does something wrong, you need to be gentle but also harsh (苛刻的) to send the right message. You have to be tough when you are dealing with a bully (欺凌弱小者). I'm the only girl in Kung Fu class but the boys respect (尊重) me because they know I am as tough as any boy. These characteristics will lead me to my goal. I will never give up or do anyone wrong. I will be president when I grow up. 1．What do the writer and her brother want to be after they grow up ? A．Teachers. B．Writers. C．President. D．Parents. 2．What the writer has been told to do is best ? A．100%. B．110%. C．90%. D．120%. 3．Who does the real work at school ? A．The writer herself. B．Her parents. C．Her brother. D．None of them. 4．What are the two sides of the writer ? A．Flexible and gentle. B．Gentle and tough. C．Gentle and harsh. D．Tough and harsh. 5．Why do the boys in Kung Fu class respect the writer ? A．Because they know she is as tough as they. B．Because they know she isn't so tough as they. C．Because they know she is as gentle as they. D．Because they know she is gentler than they. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述作者想要成为一名女总统，而且在她的成长路上，一直刻苦努力为了实现她的目标，自我约束和随机应变。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句及最后一句My dream is to be the first woman president (总统) of the United States when I grow up. My brother has the same goal (目标). He will be president right after me.可知“我的梦想是长大后成为美国第一位女总统，我的哥哥也有同样的目标。”故答案选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句During my nine years in school I have never been told that 100% is good enough. 100% is good; 110% is better. Better still is 120%.可知“在我九年的学校生活中，从来没有人告诉我100%就足够了。100%是好的，110%更好。最好还是120%。”，故答案选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句My parents are just there to encourage me but it is I who do the real work.意为“我父母只是来鼓励我，但真正的工作是我做的。”，故答案选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句One side is gentle and the other is tough (坚强的).可知，是温柔的和坚强的，故答案选B。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后一句I'm the only girl in Kung Fu class but the boys respect (尊重) me because they know I am as tough as any boy.“我是功夫班唯一的女生，但男生们尊重我，因为他们知道我和男生一样坚强。”，故答案选A。 【点睛】阅读理解中的细节理解题，首先找出问句中的关键词，然后根据关键词定位到文章具体位置，然后选出答案即可。 例如题目4中，关键词是two sides of the writer，可定位到文章第三段第二句One side is gentle and the other is tough (坚强的).可知，是温柔的和坚强的，故答案选B。 （22-23八年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Choose the best answer.（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案） Now, follow me, and I promise you will find some websites (网址) you’re interested in. Connections Connections is a fashionable site covering all essential things – news, sports, results, advice and articles from all over the world – as well as organizing your life. Lots of links to other sites for ideas about working abroad, sate travel, etc. Our world A site for young people to meet and discuss what interest them – fashion, pop culture, music, problem, careers. Post your questions on the site’s noticeboard and you’ll soon get lots of replies. There’s also advice from professionals, so if you want to talk about health, money and education, you can get some serious answers. Lifelines Lifelines is probably one of the biggest sites on the web. It covers a huge range of subject from package holidays to job opportunities, designer clothes to world sports results and links you to sites which have paid to join their lists. Especially strong on family and home ideas. Marketplace This is an amazing list of shops, both High Street and on-line, regularly updated. Compare price to find the cheapest goods, read reviews of goods tested by experts or send in your own user’s report. Whether you’re looking for clothes, CDs, DVDs, shoes or books, you’ll find them here. 1．Which website provides the buyers’ experience of the goods? A．Connections. B．Our world. C．Lifelines. D．Marketplace. 2．The underlined word “essential” means ________. A．famous B．necessary C．powerful D．unusual 3．________ are interested in Our world. A．Young people B．Children C．The Middle-aged. D．Old women 4．Ken is building a music library of his favourite bands and classic works. Which site will be the best one for him? A．Connections. B．Our world. C．Lifelines. D．Marketplace. 5．On the site of Lifelines, which item CAN’T you get from it? A．Designer clothes. B．Job opportunities. C．Some sites without paying to Lifelines. D．Package holidays. 6．The passage is most probably taken from a/an ________. A．news report B．travel guide C．sports magazine D．advertisement 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 【分析】本文是一则小广告，介绍了4个你可能感兴趣的网站。 1．细节理解题。根据…read reviews of goods tested by experts or send in your own user’s report.这个网站提供商品的专家适用观点和发表用户体验。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据Connections is a fashionable site covering all essential things – news, sports, results, advice and articles from all over the world可知这个网站提供全世界的新闻、体育、结果、建议和文章，非常的全面，因此此词应该是“必备的”含义。famous著名的；necessary必须的；必备的；powerful有力量的；unusual不寻常的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据A site for young people to meet and discuss what interest them…可知这个网站是为年轻人准备的。young people年轻人；children孩子们；the middle-aged中年人；old women老年妇女。故选A。 4．推理判断题。问题句意为“Ken想组建自己最喜欢乐队和经典作品的音乐图书馆，哪个网站最适合他？” 根据A site for young people to meet and discuss what interest them – fashion, pop culture, music, problem, careers.可知our world是一个提供音乐的网址。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据…from package holidays to job opportunities, designer clothes to world sports results…可知lifelines提供的内容包括A、B和D项。故选C。 6．推理判断题。news report新闻报道；travel guide旅游指导；sports magazine体育杂志；advertisement广告。根据…I promise you will find some websites (网址) you’re interested in.可知本文是介绍几个你感兴趣的网址，因此只有可能出现在广告上。故选D。 （22-23八年级上·上海长宁·期末）Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案) The Los Angeles River was once a wonderful water source for the people of Los Angeles. But the river system was destroyed in the 1930s. In 1986, poet Lewis MacAdams took the first steps to “repair” it. To further save the river, Friends of the Los Angeles River (FoLAR) was then born. We have worked for more than thirty years to “repair” the river system. —JOIN US NOW— Welcome to Our River Movement! There are more ways than ever to join our River Movement. FoLAR creates chances for every citizen in Los Angeles to save the Los Angeles River. The Great L.A．River Cleanup Each April, FoLAR’s Great L.A．River Cleanup brings volunteers across Los Angeles together to clean up our great river. We began with only ten volunteers. Over the past years, that number has grown to 7,000. In all, we have removed 800 tons of trash from the river system. LEARN MORE AND SIGN UP (Click here) Year-Round Volunteer Events for Individuals (个人) Missed the Cleanup but still want to lend a helping hand? FoLAR runs lots of other volunteer events for individuals. Check out our Events Calendar to find out what’s coming up. VIEW EVENTS CALENDAR (Click here) River Makers River Makers is your chance to bring your company or team to clean the Los Angeles River. FoLAR partners(同……合作) with groups of all sizes. We can’t wait to work with you to plan a great volunteer event! LEARN MORE ABOUT RIVER MAKERS (Click here) Call us at 1323-223-0585 Office hours: 10 am—4 pm, Monday to Friday 1．According to the article, FoLAR is a(an) ________. A．reading club B．public health programme C．environmental organization D．famous publisher of poems 2．When was FoLAR set up? A．In 1986. B．In the 1930s. C．Ten years ago. D．Thirty years ago. 3．The Great L.A．River Cleanup is held ________. A．once a year B．once a month C．thirty times a year D．once every thirty years 4．According to the article, how many volunteers now take part in FoLAR’s Great L.A．River Cleanup? A．About 10. B．About 800. C．About 7,000 D．More than 20,000. 5．Jason wants to clean the Los Angeles River together with his employees this summer. If he wants to do this with the help of FoLAR, he might ________. ①call 1323-223-0585 ②click on “VIEW EVENTS CALENDAR” ③click on “LEARN MORE AND SIGN UP” ④click on “LEARN MORE ABOUT RIVER MAKERS” A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article? A．FoLAR’s River Movement is to all the rivers in the USA． B．FoLAR has volunteer activities for individuals all year round. C．FoLAR partners only with groups of large sizes. D．FoLAR’s events are all organized with the support of the local government. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 【导语】本文介绍了FoLAR组织，并呼吁大家加入FoLAR来保护河流。 1．推理判断题。根据“Friends of the Los Angeles River (FoLAR) was then born. We have worked for more than thirty years to “repair” the river system.”可知，这是一个环保组织。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“We have worked for more than thirty years to ‘repair’ the river system.”可知，这个组织已经花了三十多年的时间来“修复”河流系统。说明它成立于三十多年前，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Each April, FoLAR’s Great L.A. River Cleanup brings volunteers across Los Angeles together to clean up our great river.”可知，洛杉矶河流大清理是每年四月举行一次。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“We began with only ten volunteers. Over the past years, that number has grown to 7,000.”可知，目前志愿者增长到了7000人。故选C。 5．细节理解题。题干说明杰森想和他的员工一起清理洛杉矶河流，而不是个人，所以根据“River Makers is your chance to bring your company or team to clean the Los Angeles River...LEARN MORE ABOUT RIVER MAKERS (Click here)”和“Call us at 1323-223-0585”可知，他可以拨打1323-223-0585或点击“LEARN MORE ABOUT RIVER MAKERS”。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据“Year-Round Volunteer Events for Individuals (个人)”可知，FoLAR全年都有个人志愿者活动。故选B。 （22-23八年级上·上海长宁·期末）Choose the best answer (根据以下内容，选择最恰当的答案) One day a poor woodman (伐木工人) was cutting a big piece of wood near a wide river. Suddenly his old axe slipped from his hand and fell into a deep water. He sat on the bank and was feeling very sad because he lost his only axe, when suddenly a lovely, bright fairy appeared and asked the woodman what was the matter. “I have lost my axe,” he said. “It fell into the deep water.” The fairy showed him a gold axe and said, “Is this yours?” “No,” said the woodcutter. The fairy then showed him a silver axe and said again in her clear voice, “Is this yours?” “No,” again answered the woodcutter. Then she showed him a common, iron axe with an old, wooden handle. “Yes, that’s mine,” said the happy woodcutter. “I know it well enough,” said the fairy, “I only wanted to see if you would tell me the truth; and now I will give you the gold axe and the silver axe because you are an honest man.” 1．The woodman cut wood in order to ________. A．make a living B．enjoy himself C．spend his time D．make a bridge 2．Here axe means ________. A．a basket B．a straw hat C．a rope D．a tool used to cut 3．The fairy showed the poor man ________ axes in all. A．two B．three C．four D．five 4．The fairy highly praised the woodcutter for his ________. A．bravery B．poverty C．kindness D．honesty 5．The passage is ________. A．a detective story B．science fiction C．a fairy tale D．a report 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．D 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了一个伐木工人的斧子掉到了河里面，一位仙女为他提供了一把金斧子和银斧子来考验他是否诚实。这个人面对金斧子和银斧子不动心，只想要自己的旧斧子，可见他是个诚实的人。最后仙女把金斧子和银斧子也给了他。 1．推理判断题。根据“One day a poor woodman (伐木工人) was cutting a big piece of wood near a wide river. ”可知，伐木工人很贫穷，所以他砍木头是为了谋生，故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“One day a poor woodman (伐木工人) was cutting a big piece of wood near a wide river. ”可知，axe是一个用来砍树的工具，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据全文可知，仙女一开始给伐木工看的是金斧头，然后是银斧头，最后给他看的是普通的铁斧，所以仙女给这个贫穷的人看了总共三把斧头。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“because you are an honest man”可知，仙女高度赞扬了伐木工人的诚实。故选D。 5．推理判断题。文章讲述了一个伐木工人的斧子掉到了河里面，一位仙女为他提供了一把金斧子和银斧子来考验他是否诚实。这个人面对金斧子和银斧子不动心，只想要自己的旧斧子，可见他是个诚实的人。最后仙女把金斧子和银斧子也给了他。所以文章是一个童话故事。故选C。 （22-23八年级上·上海宝山·期末）Choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表示) Are you interested in reading? If you are a book lover, please come with us to see the following 4 newest books which may make you relaxed and joyful as well.   The Rewilders by Lindsay Littleson (Cranachan Publishing) When Emma goes to stay with her grandmother for the weekend, she thinks the weekend will be boring. However, after she arrives, she finds that the “cat” her grandmother saved is in fact a lynx (猞猁). Emma works with some special friends (including the world’s worst guard dog), and they set out on a dangerous task to return the young lynx to his homeland. Ways to Share Joy by Rena Watson Illustrated (配图) by Nina Mata (Bloomsbury Children’s Books) Rita is in the fifth grade in this third book of the Ways to Share Joy series (丛书), and a new baby sister has made her the middle child in the family instead of the youngest. Two friends are competing to be her best friend, which makes her quite worried. She asks for help on the Internet and gets a large number of useful replies. Art for the Heart by Rebecca Pang (Welbeck Kids) Art can be a great way to make you peaceful and quiet, explore your feelings and boost your happiness. This attractive book advises you to put your thoughts and dreams on paper. It helps express your feelings of happiness, sadness or anger and makes your life more enjoyable. While you are colouring the pictures, your bad feelings will slowly become weak or even disappear. Wild City by Ben Hoare Illustrated by Lucy Rose (Macmillan Children’s) There are wild (野生的) living things to be found even in the heart of the world’s biggest cities. This illustrated science book studies some of the animals that share room in the city with people including foxes, bears and kangaroos and shows how they have changed in order to live. For example, it tells the development of cities makes a big difference to their health and eating habits. 1．All of the four newest books are probably written for _________. A．scientists B．children C．artists D．animal lovers 2．Which of the following is true according to The Rewilders? A．Emma saves a lynx on her way to her grandmother’s home. B．Emma is interested in the young lynx and keeps it as a pet. C．The world’s worst guard dog is harmful to Emma and the young lynx. D．Emma helps the young lynx return to his home with some friends. 3．The underlined word “boost” in Art for the Heart probably means _________. A．buy B．raise C．lose D．hide 4．How many books in the Ways to Share Joy series have been published? A．1. B．2. C．3. D．4. 5．Which of the following about the above 4 books is NOT true? A．Emma spends a weekend with her grandmother and does something special. B．Putting what you think and dream on paper makes you happy and relaxed. C．Ryan got plenty of useful replies about how to take care of a new baby sister. D．Wild animals like foxes have changed their eating habits in order to live in the city. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了四本新书的内容。 1．推理判断题。根据“Welbeck Kids”，“Bloomsbury Children’s Books”和“Macmillan Children’s”推知，四本书都是写给孩子的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Emma works with some special friends ..., and they set out on a dangerous task to return the young lynx to his homeland.”可知，艾玛和一些朋友帮助小猞猁回家了。故选D。 3．词句猜测题。根据“Art can be a great way to make you peaceful and quiet, explore your feelings and boost your happiness.”可知，艺术可以使你平和以及安静，探索你的感受，提高你的幸福。因此，“boost”的含义为“提高”。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Rita is in the fifth grade in this third book of the Ways to Share Joy series (丛书),”可知，该系列丛书已经出版三本。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“Two friends are competing to be her best friend, which makes her quite worried. She asks for help on the Internet and gets a large number of useful replies.”可知，两个朋友在竞争成为Rita最好的朋友，这让她很担心，于是她在网上寻求帮助，得到了大量有用的回复。选项C表述有误。故选C。 （21-22八年级上·上海普陀·期末）A reader wrote to say that she was feeling lonely at break because her best friend wasn’t around. Here’s our advice to her—and to all kids who feel lonely sometimes.     It’s hard when a best friend isn’t around—maybe because she moved to a different school or a different class. You may feel lonely at break or lunchtime. You want to have new friends. But how do you make them? Maybe it seems like everybody else already has their friends. But remember, there’s always room for more friends.     Start by looking around your classroom—think about which kids you’d like to play with at break. Look for chances to say Hi to them, smile, and be friendly. Offer to share something or express your appreciation(欣赏) to them. Invite someone to play with you or say “Do you want to sit here?” in the lunchroom. When you’re at break, walk over to the kids you want to play with.     If you have trouble doing this or if you’re feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends. Teachers are usually pretty good at matching up friends. The best way to make friends is to be a friend. Be kind, be friendly, share, say nice things, offer to help—and pretty soon, you’ll have one, or two, or even more new friends.     You might still miss that special best friend. But when you see each other, you can share something you didn’t have before she/he left: You can introduce her/him to your new friends! 1．This text is written for ________. A．teachers B．parents C．students D．visitors 2．According to the writer, some kids feel lonely at break because they ________. A．have trouble with their studies B．don’t have their best friends around C．need their parents to be with them D．are too young to look after themselves 3．Some kids need help from teachers to make friends because ________. A．they miss their old friends a lot B．they have no time to stay with others C．teachers know who wants a new friend D．they are shy or not good at making friends 4．The best way to make friends is ________. A．to be a friend B．to wait for a friend C．to judge a person D．to criticize a person 5．What can you do when you meet your special best friend again? A．share something you didn’t have before she/he left B．introduce her/him to your new friends C．leave her/him alone D．A&B 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文讲述的是给有时感到孤独的孩子的一些交新朋友的建议。 1．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“maybe because she moved to a different school or a different class.”可知，也许是因为她搬到了另一所学校或另一个班级。因此这篇文章应当是为学生写的。故C项正确，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“A reader wrote to say that she was feeling lonely at break because her best friend wasn’t around.”可知有些孩子在休息时感到孤独，因为他们没有最好的朋友在身边。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“If you have trouble doing this or if you’re feeling shy, ask your teacher to help you make new friends.”可知有些孩子因为害羞或者不善于交朋友而需要老师的帮助。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“The best way to make friends is to be a friend”可知最好的办法是成为一个朋友，故选A。 5．细节理解题。根据“You might still miss that special best friend. But when you see each other, you can share something you didn’t have before she/he left: You can introduce her/him to your new friends!”你可能仍然会想念那个特别的好朋友。但当你见到对方时，你可以分享她/他离开之前你没有的东西：你可以把她/他介绍给你的新朋友！可知，当你再次遇到你的特别好朋友时，你能分享她/他离开之前你没有的东西和把她/他介绍给你的新朋友。故选D。 （21-22八年级上·上海金山·期末）We use the Internet for many things: business, shopping, writing letters, talking to people, finding information and so on. In recent years, a new kind of English has grown on the Internet. There’s no real word for it yet, so we’ll call it e-talk.     People don’t like typing too much. To save time, they turn phrases into a few letters (called acronyms 首字母缩略). Acronyms are often used in chat rooms (聊天室). Some of them are:     People also use many abbreviations (缩写词). They are shortened forms of words. Some common abbreviations are:    We usually don’t see people when we communicate on the Net, so people have new ways to show feelings. Most people use their keyboards to draw “feelings”, such as: These days, many forums (论坛) have picture feelings. For example: There are even whole new words, like “newbies” (someone who is new on a chat board or forum). When you write something bad about someone else, it’s called “flaming” the person.    It takes time for people to get used to e-talk. Also, different groups on the Net have their own special ways of communicating. Newbies sometimes have to ask other people what they mean. As the Internet grows, e-talk will continue to grow and change. 1．Why do people type acronyms? A．To show their feelings. B．To make jokes. C．Because people can type them quickly. D．In this way newbies won’t understand them. 2．What does “BTW, my puter is not working well. :-( ” mean? A．The person is happy about getting a new computer. B．The person has to go away from his computer. C．The person is angry at somebody. D．The person is sad that his computer is having problems. 3．If someone is angry, what may he type? A． B． C．LOL D．BRB． 4．E-talk will probably . A．keep changing B．stay the same C．be used by people on the telephone D．be easy for newbies to understand 5．The best title for this passage is . A．E-talk B．Picture Feelings C．How to Use Abbreviations D．The Changing Internet 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了用来在网上聊天或交流的电子会谈—— e-talk。 1．推理判断题。根据“ People don’t like typing too much. To save time, they turn phrases into a few letters (called acronyms ).”可知人们不喜欢打太多字，为了省时，他们把短语缩写成几个字母。故选C。 2．词句猜测提。根据“Some common abbreviations are:”中图里的“puter(computer)”和“Most people use their keyboards to draw “feelings”, such as:”中图里的“:-( (sad)”可知，电脑出了问题人们很伤心。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“These days, many forums have picture feelings. For example:”中的图标可知，人们打字时的生气图标，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“As the Internet grows, e-talk will continue to grow and change.”可知，电子交谈随着互联网的发展在不断的增长和变化。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据本文通篇介绍了电子交谈的内容。故选A。 （21-22八年级上·上海浦东新·期末） More than 60 years after scientists made big discoveries about the structure of DNA, 20 students at US Coretta Scott King Young Women’s Leadership Academy gained insight（了解）into some of the molecular（分子的）mysteries that make them who they are. Last fall, while studying life sciences, the girls sent samples（样本）of their DNA off to Living DNA, a DNA testing company. The test results became known last week and they left a big impression on the students, who were able to make real-world connections to topics they have been studying all semester long, including genotypes（基因型）. “Students were able to maturely（成熟地）look at their results and apply what they learned in science. It’s about bringing learning to life,” said Laura Pena, the STEM program teacher. For most of the girls, the DNA test was their ancestry（血统）. Sitting with her mom, Amariah Caudle, 15, looked with her mouth wide open at the charts showing her results. She was surprised that her European ancestry was only 13 percent. Her mother, Janell Caudle, was surprised it was that high. “I didn’t think a trace（痕迹）would show up in her,” she said. “After many generations, this is still showing up in our bloodline（血统）. I was shocked by the science of it all.” DNA has a power to engage people, said Diahan Southard, Living DNA community manager. Southard believes the program gives students an understanding of DNA at an important moment, when they are still young enough to absorb lessons and change their values. Elianed Guzman, 14, said she knew little about her family except that they were from Mexico. She described in her native Spanish how surprised she was to learn that she shared genetic DNA with people in China, Japan and Korea. As the girls sat in small groups to examine their results, with reactions ranging from confusion to surprise, they began to understand what it all means. “Now I know I have family from everywhere,” said Amariah. 1．Scientists made big discoveries about the structure of DNA possibly________. A．in the 1910s B．in the 1930s C．in the 1950s D．in the 1990s 2．How did the students feel when they found out the DNA test results? A．Anxious. B．Doubtful. C．Impressed. D．Calm. 3．Why was Amariah Caudle’s mother surprised? A．People had the opportunity to test their DNA． B．The European trace showed up in Amariah’s DNA． C．Amariah possibly had European ancestry. D．Amariah shared genetic DNA with people from Asia. 4．What does Southard think of the program? A．It helps students understand their DNAs. B．It has a great power to bring people together. C．It will change their students’ DNAs. D．It should be introduced to more people around the country. 5．What did the students learn from the program? A．People need to accept who they are. B．We should learn more about family history. C．People’s personalities can be explained by their bloodlines. D．People from all over the world are connected with each other. 6．The best title for the passage is ________. A．Our amazing past B．Our amazing present C．Our amazing future D．Our past, present and future 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文讲述了美国科雷塔·斯科特·金青年女子领导力学院的20名学生从她们的DNA检测中了解到自己的血统从而认识到世界人民是相互联系的。 1．推理判断题。根据“More than 60 years after scientists made big discoveries about the structure of DNA, 20 students at US Coretta Scott King Young Women’s Leadership Academy gained insight（了解）into some of the molecular（分子的）mysteries that make them who they are.”可知，在科学家对DNA结构做出重大发现60多年后，美国科雷塔·斯科特·金青年女子领导力学院的20名学生了解一些分子的奥秘。以现在的时间往前推60年，则科学家对DNA的结构有了重大发现的时间可能是在20世纪50年代左右。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The test results became known last week and they left a big impression on the students, who were able to make real-world connections to topics they have been studying all semester long, including genotypes（基因型）.”可知，测试结果于上周公布，给学生们留下了深刻的印象，他们能够将自己整个学期所学的主题（包括基因型）与现实世界联系起来。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“She was surprised that her European ancestry was only 13 percent. Her mother, Janell Caudle, was surprised it was that high.”可知，她很惊讶自己的欧洲血统只有13%。她的母亲珍妮尔·考德尔惊讶地发现它竟然这么高。再根据“‘I didn’t think a trace（痕迹）would show up in her,’ she said.”可知，她的母亲以为欧洲血统在她女儿身上并没有显露出来，而检测结果却有。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“Southard believes the program gives students an understanding of DNA at an important moment, when they are still young enough to absorb lessons and change their values.”可知，索萨德认为，这个项目让学生在一个重要的时刻了解DNA，这时他们还足够年轻，可以吸取教训，改变自己的价值观。故选A。 5．推理判断题。根据“Now I know I have family from everywhere”可知，学生们通过基因检测了解到了世界各地的人民在血缘上都相互联系着。故选D。 6．最佳标题题。根据“For most of the girls, the DNA test was their ancestry（血统）.”可知，学生们参与的DNA检测是关于她们的血统的，且从其检测结果让学生们了解自己的血统来源，从而让她们意识到世界是相互联系的。因此选项A“我们惊人的过去”作为标题最为合适。故选A。 （21-22八年级上·上海虹口·期末）Aquatic art protects sea life A fisherman has built an undersea museum to try to stop illegal and harmful trawling（拖网捕鱼）in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Italy. Bottom trawling is a form of fishing in which nets are weighted with chains and dragged across the seabed. It can sweep up any sea life in their way and destroy delicate habitats. Although it is illegal within three miles of the Italian coast, it can be an easy way for fisherman to make money. Paolo Fanciulli has fished the water off Tuscany in northwest Italy ever since he was the age of 13. He has been campaigning against trawling ever since he first began noticing its harmful effects in the 1980s. In 2006, the local government dropped blocks onto the seabed to stop trawling nets in their tracks. However, they were too far apart and the nets passed between them. Fanciulli, however, did not give up. He asked a local marble quarry（采石场）to donate two large stone blocks. When he was offered 100 instead, he appealed to artists around the world to help turn them into sculptures. The blocks have now been dropped in a large circle to form an underwater art museum that can be visited by divers. There are now hopeful signs of marine regeneration（再生）in the area. Meanwhile, the numbers of sea creatures in the area such as turtles and dolphins have also been on the rise. 1．An undersea museum has been built to ________. A．provide a place for visitors B．protect fishermen in Italy C．stop illegal fishing to protect sea life D．make the coast of Italy more beautiful 2．The second paragraph mainly talks about ________. A．the history of bottom trawling B．advantages of bottom trawling C．different opinions on bottom trawling D．general information about bottom trawling 3．According to paragraph 3, the government’s block-dropping method was ________. A．harmful B．effective C．beneficial D．unsuccessful 4．The underlined phrase “appealed to” in the third paragraph most nearly means ________. A．resulted in B．called for C．brought about D．presented with 5．What can we learn about Fanciulli, according to paragraph 3 and 4? A．Fanciulli made money from stone blocks. B．Fanciulli turned large stone blocks into sculptures. C．Fanciulli’s efforts to build the museum have brought benefits to sea creatures. D．Fanciulli learned about the harmful effects of trawling while he was building the museum. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一名渔民建造了一座海底博物馆，试图阻止在意大利海岸外的地中海非法和有害的拖网捕鱼。 1．细节理解题。根据“A fisherman has built an undersea museum to try to stop illegal and harmful trawling”可知一名渔民建造了一座海底博物馆，试图阻止在意大利海岸外的地中海非法和有害的拖网捕鱼。故选C。 2．主旨大意题。根据“Bottom trawling is a form of fishing in which nets are weighted with chains and dragged across the seabed...”并结合本段内容可知本段主要介绍了拖网捕鱼的基本信息。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“However, they were too far apart and the nets passed between them”可知当地政府在海床上放置了木块，以阻止拖网在其轨道上移动，然而，他们相距太远，网从他们中间穿过，可见他们的方法没有成功。故选D。 4．词义猜测题。根据“When he was offered 100 instead, he appealed to artists around the world to help turn them into sculptures.”可知他呼吁世界各地的艺术家帮助将其转化为雕塑。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据“There are now hopeful signs of marine regeneration in the area. Meanwhile, the numbers of sea creatures in the area such as turtles and dolphins have also been on the rise”可知该地区现在有海洋再生的希望迹象，该地区海龟和海豚等海洋生物的数量也在上升，所以Fanciulli建造博物馆的努力为海洋生物带来了好处。故选C。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$