期末复习之完形填空15篇（上海期末真题）-2024-2025学年八年级英语上册单元重难点易错题精练（牛津上海版）

期末复习之完形填空15篇 (上海期末真题) （23-24八年级上·上海金山·期末）When you sit before a piano or take up your guitar, do you think about why you play music? The students at Belding Middle school in Michigan, US, think that you do it to express yourself. They learned about this from a professional guitarist Joel Mabus. The school invited Mabus to give a 1 to more than 50 seventh-grade students on March 27. The students have 2 taken or are taking a guitar class at the school. Mabus performed a number of short pieces. He also taught the students several skills for playing the guitar. But more 3 , his show taught students that playing the guitar can “take you anywhere you can imagine,” said the school’s guitar class teacher George Rousseau. “Sometimes students get upset...They don’t see 4 we do certain things in the class, and then they see Mr Mabus perform and know that the work will pay off,” Rousseau told The Daily News. Mabus began playing at around the same age as the students. “To have an outlet(发泄方法）, after a bad day or good day, is always nice,” he said. “Music gives you a way to show your 5 .” Seventh-grader Cooper Hewitt, 12, has been playing the guitar for several years. He said Mabus 6 him. “ I really enjoyed the folk music(民间音乐). Most of my family enjoys old music like that,” he said. “I will try to use music to express myself.” 1．A．walk B．hand C．show D．speech 2．A．neither B．either C．both D．never 3．A．possibly B．terribly C．importantly D．fiercely 4．A．why B．what C．when D．how 5．A．talents(天赋) B．feelings C．skills D．stories 6．A．developed B．invited C．played D．changed （23-24八年级上·上海·期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文） Name a Star Are you tired of shopping for presents? What can you get someone who has everything? How about surprising them with a star: Every star is unique (独一无二的), and so is your loved one. Name a star for your loved ones! Stars have been around since the universe (宇宙) began. Everyone has written about them, from ancient people to modern scientists. Some kings and queens believed that stars were 1 . They made decisions by looking to the skies, Some people believe that stars influent our dreams. Since 1975, we have named stars 2 presidents, famous actors and singers. For only seventy dollars, you can go online at “Be a Star” and get a beautiful certificate (证书) with 3 of your star. While you can’t visit a star, you can find it using its location, a map and telescope! With your gift, you will also get information on famous stars like Polaris, the North Star and Sirius, the Dog Star, which is the brightest star in the sky. Some stars are part of groups like Orion and the Big Dipper. Others come in many 4 -white, orange, yellow and even red! White stars are usually the hottest and brightest, but some red stars are closer to the Earth, so they 5 bigger and brighter. If you like, we can send you a photograph of the star for $30.00. If you want it framed (有外框的), that will cost $15.00. If the person receiving the star likes to dress up, we have 6 a star necklace. It costs $50.00 and is made of silver. Also, we have prepared a book about stars. It is $40.00. We can send your gift anywhere in the world! Even if you move countries, you can always find your star 7 ! Just visit our website, “Be a Star”! 1．A．harmful B．beautiful C．meaningful D．powerful 2．A．before B．with C．after D．around 3．A．details B．questions C．books D．pictures 4．A．names B．sizes C．locations D．colors 5．A．are B．seem C．get D．become 6．A．found B．painted C．finished D．designed 7．A．in the sky B．on TV C．at night D．every day （23-24八年级上·上海·期末）Choose the best words and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词完成短文) Hello, everyone, welcome to our Chitchat. In last week’s Chitchat, we asked our readers if they could re-select their major—the main subject of study in college, which one they would pick. Here are some of their ideas. If I got do-over (重来), I will make a change. @Jim Zhang If I got do-over, I would choose 1 . I’m really fond of teaching kids, I had no idea about what I wanted to do or what I really liked even after graduation. Three years later, I realized that it was a great loss of time to think too much about what I should do, because what I really need is doing it with all heart and keeping on. Unfortunately, I was too young to realize that at that time. If I got do-over, I will 2 . @Agatha If I can get do-over, I would choose my original major. For me, majoring in mathematics was 3 . Proving mathematical theories (理论) in words was crazy. However, it is mathematics that makes me have strong logical thinking. The biggest pity about my major is that I didn’t try as hard as I should. In a word, I don’t regret choosing mathematics as my major but I regret not learning it better and further. Do-over is not in my list @tina 4 , I don’t regret my choice. As an English teacher, sometimes it’s hard to improve students’ English level. But when I see great progress that students have made, I feel really satisfied. Anyway, every field needs 5 . For students, being good at English is not the only way to succeed. I’m really pleased with their progress, even not in English learning. Then why should I choose my major again? @SEEF I majored in geography science which needs outgoing study and research in the original environment where hasn’t been explored at all. Excitement, danger, coldness, hotness as well as uncertainty, always surround us. However, it’s also unforgettable (难忘的) and we met the things others would 6 do. 1．A．advertisement B．economy C．medicine D．education 2．A．speak louder B．work harder C．wait longer D．think deeper 3．A．amusing B．different C．difficult D．necessary 4．A．In fact B．After all C．What’s more D．By the way 5．A．conclusions B．resources C．advantages D．talents 6．A．never B．also C．always D．recently （23-24八年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) Skimming and scanning (略读和浏览) is a good method when you don’t have enough 1 , such as when you are taking an exam, but, today, many people skim and scan everything and they have lost the ability to enjoy reading. In response to this, something called the “slow reading movement” has become popular. The idea is that people should 2 their computers and mobile phones for half an hour or forty-five minutes each day and enjoy the pleasures of reading a good book—slowly and quietly! Researchers have found that reading slowly, especially of fictions, helps people relax and think about 3 they are reading. It also helps people get to understand the characters’ emotions and to see the world through the characters’ eyes. Reading, of course, isn’t easy. You have to sit still for one thing. And it can seem 4 when compared (比较) to the excitement of playing video games. But, for me, reading has always been a pleasure in my life. From the age of ten, when I got my first library card, I’ve enjoyed the company (陪伴) of heroes and clever detectives, of thousands of interesting people I would have never met 5 . Reading provided me with escape (逃离), but it also enabled me to understand the world around me. It was an education in a classroom that had no walls. In your classroom, you have learned to read “fast”. 6 , outside of the classroom, you should try to learn to read “slow”. You may be surprised at how much you enjoy it. 1．A．confidence B．time C．homework D．support 2．A．take off B．put off C．turn off D．show off 3．A．what B．if C．why D．when 4．A．strange B．interesting C．boring D．attractive 5．A．in the book B．on the Internet C．at school D．in real life 6．A．What’s more B．For example C．However D．Finally （23-24八年级上·上海浦东新·期末）On that day, in the hospital, I asked the doctor if he could test Jim again. The doctor did so. To my sadness, it was the score, 90. Later that evening, I told Frank the bad news. After talking it over, we agreed that our son was much better than an IQ test. We thought that Jim’s score must have been a 1 and we should treat him as usual. We moved to Indiana in 1962, and Jim studied in Concordia High School in the same year. He got good grades in the school, 2 in biology and chemistry. We were very happy. Jim went to Indiana University in 1965 as a pre-medical student. Soon after that, his teacher asked him to take more courses. In 1968, he started to 3 in the School of Medicine, Yale University. On graduation day in 1972, Frank and I went to the ceremony (仪式) at Yale. After that, we told Jim about the 4 IQ score he got when he was six. Since that day, he sometimes looked at us and said with a smile, “My dear mom and dad never told me that I couldn’t be a doctor. They didn’t tell me until I graduated from medical school”. It is his special way of 5 us for the faith (信念) we had in him. A few days later, Jim 6 another IQ test. We went to the same hospital. He had received the test there eighteen years before. This time he scored 126. The result seemed to be impossible. Children often do as well as their parents or teachers expect of them. That is, if you tell a child he is “stupid”, he may play the role of a foolish child. 1．A．joke B．mistake C．hope D．truth 2．A．wonderfully B．luckily C．really D．especially 3．A．study B．teach C．work D．play 4．A．high B．same C．low D．different 5．A．telling B．thanking C．showing D．asking 6．A．looked for B．waited for C．asked for D．gave up （22-23八年级上·上海青浦·期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) A beautiful smile When I was thirteen years old, a girl gave me an important gift. It was a smile. It was the early autumn of my first year at a new school. No one knew me. I was very lonely, and 1 to make friends with anyone. Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt even more lonely. I could not talk to anyone about my 2 , and I did not want my parents to worry about me. One day, my classmates were talking with their friends, but I sat in silence. At that moment, a girl entered the classroom. I did not know who she was. She passed me and then 3 . She looked at me and, without a word, smiled. 4 , I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. It made me feel happy, lively and warm. It was like a hidden treasure. That smile 5 my life. I started to talk with the other students. Day by day, I learnt to trust people, and they included me in their circle of friends. The girl with the bright smile has become my best friend now, and we stick together like glue. One day, I asked her why she smiled at me that day. She said she could not remember! Now I believe that the world is what you think it is. If you think you are lonely, you might always be alone. My 6 is: smile at the world and it will smile back. 1．A．similar B．afraid C．surprised D．excited 2．A．dream B．interest C．feeling D．problem 3．A．turned back B．turn over C．looked out D．looked up 4．A．Luckily B．Suddenly C．Hopefully D．Slowly 5．A．continued B．created C．broke D．changed 6．A．suggestion B．ambition C．argument D．instruction （22-23八年级上·上海长宁·期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语完成短文) What do you think of when someone says the word inventor? Maybe you think of a woman dressing in a white coat, surrounded (被……围绕) by test tubes and working 1 into the night. Perhaps you think of a gray-haired doctor making strange machines. Whatever you think of, the truth is that inventors are just real people. They come from all walks of life (各行各业), and from all over the world. They are of all ages. Some might 2 be younger than you! Brandon Whale was eight years old when he knew the PaceMate, which helps people who have pacemakers (心脏起搏器) for their hearts, like Brandon’s mother. When patients are 3 , they can send data about their heart through an electronic bracelet (手镯) to doctors in the hospital without stepping out of the door. However, this bracelet was too big for his mother, so Brandon found a way to make it smaller and more conductive (更具导电性), so it could send information better. Just like other inventors, Brandon Whale saw a need and found out 4 to fill it. That is exactly what inventing is. Someone works out a problem by putting things together in a whole new way. Inventing is not new. It is part of being human. In fact, humans have used tools they 5 for thousands of years. It is unlikely that people will ever stop inventing. From making the first wheel and using fire to creating fuel-cell cars and visiting space, there seems to be no 6 to human creatively. 1．A．hardly B．late C．happily D．later 2．A．still B．also C．probably D．even 3．A．in hospital B．at home C．in the street D．in the store 4．A．how B．what C．whether D．when 5．A．kept B．collected C．invented D．expected 6．A．need B．end C．time D．way （22-23八年级上·上海宝山·期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语，完成短文) Your brain is a fantastic control centre. It controls every single thing you do. It is so 1 that a famous scientist once called it “the most complex (复杂) thing we have yet discovered”. Your brain is faster and 2 than a super computer. For example, your cat is on the kitchen table. She’s about to step onto a hot stove (炉子). You have only seconds to act. When you see her doing so, your brain quickly calculates when, where and at what speed you will need to stop her. Then it orders your body to move. Your timing is perfect and she’s safe. No computer can come close to your brain’s magic ability to process the information. Your brain changes when you 3 . Riding a bike seems impossible at first. But soon you can do it very well. How? As you practise, your brain sends “bike riding” messages over again and again. Those messages make new connections in your brain. In fact, your brain not only changes every time you practise something new, but also when you have a new idea or memory (记忆). Exercise helps make you stronger. It is well known that any exercise that makes your heart beat faster, like running or playing basketball, is great for your body and can 4 make you happy. Scientists have recently found that for a little time after you’ve exercised, your body produces (生产) something that makes your brain learn more quickly. 5 if you can’t work out a difficult problem, go out and play for a little while, and then try the problem again. You may just find that you’re able to work it out. 1．A．serious B．private C．important D．amazing 2．A．simpler B．more powerful C．cheaper D．more modern 3．A．learn B．work C．sleep D．play 4．A．seldom B．still C．even D．only 5．A．Yet B．So C．But D．Or （22-23八年级上·上海奉贤·期末）What happens when you mix fiction (based on the imagination) and science (based on 1 )? The result is “Science fiction”. Science-based books and movies often take place in the future.Writers imagine what life will be many years from now. In science fiction, there is life on other 2 , compete with aliens and monsters. People travel in spaceships, and there is lots of advanced technology around. Science fiction has many types of plots (情节), characters, and settings. Some of the first science fiction stories were about 3 aliens who try to take over the Earth and bring down the human race. Others were about people travelling in spaceships looking for 4 planets or keeping peace in the universe. The “science” was not very believable. Usually, the technology in science fiction movies and books are ahead of its time. But sometimes, this technology is just too good to stay within the pages of a book. For example, robots appeared in science fiction before they existed in 5 life. The 1960s Star Trek TV shows and later movies are full of more examples. The giant view screen aboard the starship Enterprise looks very much like the flat TV screens of today. The crew used ạ small device to talk to each other on the ship. It even worked from the ship to Earth. This hand-held device was very much like the future mobile phone. The small touch-screen the captain and crew 6 around was similar to a 21st century tablet or iPad. Today, science fiction is closer to scientific reality than ever before. 1．A．things B．facts C．events D．thoughts 2．A．planets B．places C．parts D．paths 3．A．tiring B．boring C．worrying D．frightening 4．A．unusual B．uncertain C．unexplored D．unlucky 5．A．easy B．right C．modern D．real 6．A．looked B．showed C．designed D．carried （22-23八年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) There are robots all round us, making our lives easier. Some of them, like the pocket calculator, can work much more quickly than human beings can. And they 1 make mistakes. 2 some ways, robots are better than people. They do not get bored doing the same job over and over again. And they never get tired. So robots are very useful in factories. They can be taught to do many different jobs. First, their electronic brains must be shown 3 the job is done. A person moves the robot’s arms and hands through each part of the job. The robot’s brain remembers each 4 . When the robot is put to work on its own, its brain 5 the rods, heels and motors which moves its arms. When the robot is needed for a new job, its electronic memory is “wiped clean”. Then it is taught how to do its new task. If the robot’s hand stopped working, or if something gets in the way, it can not do the next part of the job. So it stops and signals for help. Then a human engineer attends to the fault. Robots are also used for doing jobs that are 6 . They can move objects which are too hot or too heavy for people to 7 . 1．A．sometimes B．never C．rarely D．usually 2．A．In B．On C．To D．With 3．A．what B．how C．when D．which 4．A．job B．person C．move D．hand 5．A．catches B．controls C．offers D．responds 6．A．dangerous B．interesting C．boring D．important 7．A．find out B．pick up C．operate on D．deal with （22-23八年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Creativity is the key to a bright future. Here is 1 schools and parents can help their children to develop their creativity. Drew worked for a company in 1925. At work he invented a kind of material strong enough to hold things together. But his boss told him 2 more about the idea. Drew didn’t stop and finally, using his own time, made a kind of tape, which now is used everywhere by many people. And his company learned from its 3 . Now the company asks its workers to spend 15 percent of their work time just 4 and developing new ideas. Creativity is not something one is just born with. A person with high intelligence does not mean that he uses it creatively. Creativity is the matter of 5 your intelligence to think of new ideas that are good for something. We know that many schools have tried to develop students creativity, but some teachers only want to develop students’ reading, writing and math skills, and have to 6 creativity for correct answers. Children from such schools can give correct answers, but they are unable to use 7 to work out problems. It is important to give children 8 . From the earliest age, children should learn to make decisions and understand their result. Even though it’s choosing between two kinds of food 9 lunch, decision-making helps thinking skills. As children grow older, parents should let their children decide how to use their time or spend their money, but not help too much if they make the wrong decision. The child may have a 10 time, but that is all right. 1．A．what B．when C．how D．where 2．A．think B．to think C．not think D．not to think 3．A．effect B．thought C．suggestion D．mistake 4．A．looking for B．finding C．thinking about D．picking up 5．A．finding B．using C． taking D．improving 6．A．grow up B．catch up C．give up D．hurry up 7．A．it B．them C．that D．ones 8．A．decisions B．choices C．notices D．signs 9．A．with B．to C．of D．for 10．A．hard B．lucky C．happy D．mad （22-23八年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Memory > Television > Changes My name is Terry and I am a middle-aged man from Newcastle. I remember how television has changed over the last fifty years and perhaps 1 , how television has changed our lives. The one thing I remember really clearly from my childhood, is watching the coronation(加冕典礼) of the Queen of England on television in 1952. My family did not have a television at that time because they were so expensive. In fact, 2 in our street had one, so everyone got together to watch the television in the local working men’s club. It was quite difficult to see because the television 3 was so small and the picture was in black and white. Even though I can remember the day very clearly, I remember that the picture was not very clear at all! It was also difficult to hear because the speakers were small and not very powerful. Everyone was cheering for the Queen while we were watching. I remember how 4 we were—you must remember that this was an amazing thing for us, to be able to see the Queen even though she was hundreds of miles away in London. In 5 , I watched the Queen’s golden jubilee on my colour television. A golden jubilee celebrates someone being a king or queen for fifty years. It was wonderful to see all the flags, horses and soldiers in their colourful uniforms. My television is really big and the sound quality is great. It has surround sound. It 6 that I can hear sounds of the TV programme coming from all directions while I’m watching television. Everyone in my family has a television. We have a small television in the kitchen, the smallest ones in all the bedrooms and a super-size one in the living room. How things have changed! 1．A．having no choice B．for the time being C．from side to side D．more importantly 2．A．someone B．no one C．everyone D．anyone 3．A．speaker B．main unit C．screen D．drive 4．A．relaxed B．amused C．excited D．disappointed 5．A．1962 B．1982 C．2002 D．2010 6．A．means B．looks C．sounds D．says （21-22八年级上·上海浦东新·期末） Time to “Learn” Math WHY DO SO MANY STUDENTS hate or fear math? In my opinion, this has something to do with students’ role in Math classes. Students rarely think they are in the classroom to 1 the beauty of math. Instead, they think they are there to perform. From an early age, students realize math is different from other subjects. In many schools, math is more about answering questions than it is about 2 . Educators (教育学家) know how to improve the situation. In perfect math-learning environments, students work on difficult but interesting problems. They try a new idea, 3 and then try another new idea. They receive positive messages about their unlimited potential. Students with a “growth” mindset (观念模式) believe their ability is not “fixed”. They know failure is a natural part of learning. These students perform at higher levels in math and in life. 4 , most students today don’t get the chance to see math as a “growth subject”. They have to work on closed questions. There is no room for failure. Many students finally say to themselves, “I’m not a math person”. Furthermore, math looks more like a speed race than any other subject. Teachers usually take 5 from the first student who raises his or her hand. Math tests are timed. No wonder students who think slowly and deeply often hate or fear math. Schools should encourage teachers to open up math. In this way, math becomes a learning subject, instead of a performance subject. Teachers should ask questions that have many 6 instead of closed questions. They should give students the chance to discuss different ideas. They should also encourage students to ask questions that have never been asked. When teachers set students free, the beauty of math follows. More children will fall in love with this subject. 1．A．destroy B．discover C．draw D．say 2．A．travelling B．playing C．learning D．wondering 3．A．fail B．succeed C．cry D．laugh 4．A．Importantly B．Personally C．Carefully D．Unfortunately 5．A．books B．answers C．pens D．schoolbags 6．A．difficulties B．differences C．entrances D．solutions （21-22八年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Choose the best words or expressions and complete the passage. （选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文） Dotan is my penfriend. He lives in the small Italian city, Siena. The city sits on top of a hill. It makes for beautiful views. But if one is trying to get a piano to the top, it means a lot of work. Dotan, however, wasn’t 1 the work. For him, pushing a piano from place to place is a regular task. In the past five years, Dotan has traveled to more than 300 cities in 21 countries with his piano. He has 2 his love of music with people from the United States, Mexico, Canada and a number of European countries. After Dotan left college, he 3 changed jobs. He never had interest in his jobs at all, and he wanted to travel around the world in his life. Finally, in 2010, Dotan left his own city of New York and began working 4 a traveling pianist.     This “job” is not easy. Moving a piano is very hard. Dotan once had his piano fall on his hand. The 5 broke two of his fingers. While he was in Mexico, a group of thieves broke into his van. But 6 of these difficulties stopped Dotan from getting to the next destination. He loves meeting people from all walks of life (各行各业的人). All through these years, he has been made more than 1,200 friends. Now, Dotan is quite busy because he’s planning to travel to Asia and Australia. I hope to meet him in Shanghai soon. 1．A．afraid of B．keen on C．good at D．responsible for 2．A．showed B．shared C．said D．suggested 3．A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．often 4．A．for B．to C．as D．with 5．A．job B．accident C．adventure D．damage 6．A．none B．all C．one D．any （21-22八年级上·上海虹口·期末）For billions of years, life on our planet has evolved to the natural rhythms of night and day caused by the rotation of the earth. For humans, the sun gives us essential vitamins and the light we need to function. When the sun goes 1 and darkness sets in, the melatonin (褪黑素) in our brains make us 2 . Around us, other creatures awaken and use the darkness to hide or to hunt, to travel, and to communicate. Twinkling lighting bugs flash in the dark to communicate. Prey uses the shadows to hide and predators use the shielding darkness to hunt. 3 , over the last hundred years or so, our night sky has been fighting a losing battle against humans’ artificial light. Migrating birds 4 buildings, and newly hatched sea turtles mistake the glow of streets for the shimmer of the moon on the ocean. We even face more direct 5 risks from artificial light. Artificial light emitted from our screens, lamps, and streetlights 6 our normal sleep rhythms and decrease our melatonin production, which can cause adverse effects to our health. The 7 use of artificial light at night can have unintended effects on amphibians, birds, mammals, insects, plants, and even our own bodies natural cycles. 8 , the solution could be as easy as flipping a switch. The IDA (International Dark-Sky Association) has found ways that each one of us can help 9 light pollution and fight for the night. Solving this issue could be as easy as being sure to shut off all 10 lights at night, or investing in quality outdoor lighting that shines towards the ground. 1．A．up B．down C．east D．west 2．A．excited B．tired C．sleepy D．happy 3．A．However B．Meanwhile C．Therefore D．Afterwards 4．A．fly into B．crash into C．live in D．move into 5．A．heart B．health C．eye D．sleep 6．A．increase B．reduce C．disrupt D．improve 7．A．right B．suitable C．direct D．inappropriate 8．A．Seriously B．Unfortunately C．Fortunately D．Overwhelmingly 9．A．strengthen B．reduce C．increase D．stop 10．A．unnecessary B．necessary C．important D．useful 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 期末复习之完形填空15篇 (上海期末真题) （23-24八年级上·上海金山·期末）When you sit before a piano or take up your guitar, do you think about why you play music? The students at Belding Middle school in Michigan, US, think that you do it to express yourself. They learned about this from a professional guitarist Joel Mabus. The school invited Mabus to give a 1 to more than 50 seventh-grade students on March 27. The students have 2 taken or are taking a guitar class at the school. Mabus performed a number of short pieces. He also taught the students several skills for playing the guitar. But more 3 , his show taught students that playing the guitar can “take you anywhere you can imagine,” said the school’s guitar class teacher George Rousseau. “Sometimes students get upset...They don’t see 4 we do certain things in the class, and then they see Mr Mabus perform and know that the work will pay off,” Rousseau told The Daily News. Mabus began playing at around the same age as the students. “To have an outlet(发泄方法）, after a bad day or good day, is always nice,” he said. “Music gives you a way to show your 5 .” Seventh-grader Cooper Hewitt, 12, has been playing the guitar for several years. He said Mabus 6 him. “ I really enjoyed the folk music(民间音乐). Most of my family enjoys old music like that,” he said. “I will try to use music to express myself.” 1．A．walk B．hand C．show D．speech 2．A．neither B．either C．both D．never 3．A．possibly B．terribly C．importantly D．fiercely 4．A．why B．what C．when D．how 5．A．talents(天赋) B．feelings C．skills D．stories 6．A．developed B．invited C．played D．changed 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．D 【分析】文章讲述的是为什么要演奏音乐？美国密歇根州贝尔丁中学的学生从专业吉他手Joel Mabus那里学到，演奏音乐是为了表达自己。 1．句意：3月27日，学校邀请Mabus为50多名七年级学生做了一场表演。 考查名词辨析。A. walk步行；散布；B. hand手；C. show节目，表演；D. speech演讲。根据上一段最后一句话a professional guitarist Joel Mabus可知Joel Mabus是一位专业吉他手，因此邀请他给学生做一场表演，故选C。 2．句意：学生们要么在学校上吉他课，要么正在上吉他课。 考查连词辨析。A. neither两者都不，和nor搭配；B. either    （两者中的）任何一个；和or搭配；C. both    两个都；和and搭配；D. never从不，绝不。根据关键词or可知，either…or…要么…要么…，故选B。 3．句意：但更重要的是，该校吉他课老师乔治·卢梭(George Rousseau)说，他的节目告诉学生弹吉可以“把你带到你能想到的任何地方”。 考查副词辨析。A. possibly可能地；也许；大概；B. terribly    非常；可怕地；极度地；C. importantly重要地，重要的是；D. fiercely猛烈地；厉害地。前文说道He also taught the students several skills for playing the guitar.（他还教学生几种弹吉他的技巧），这里说更重要的是他带给学生们一种理念，importantly符合语境，故选C。 4．句意：有时候学生们会感到不安……他们不明白为什么我们在课堂上做某些事情。 考查特殊疑问词辨析。A. why为什么；B. what什么；C. when什么时候；D. how怎样。根据前文的upset可知，学生们不知道为什么要做某些事情，why符合语境，故选A。 5．句意：音乐给了你一种表达感情的方式。 考查名词辨析。A. talents天赋；B. feelings情感；C. skills技巧；D. stories故事。根据前文的“To have an outlet, after a bad day or good day, is always nice,”（有一种发泄方法，在一个糟糕的一天或美好的一天，总是不错的。）可知，音乐是表达情感的一种方式。feelings符合语境，故选B。 6．句意：他说马布斯改变了他。 考查动词辨析。A. developed发展；B. invited邀请；C. played玩；D. changed改变。根据最后一句话I will try to use music to express myself.可知，他接受老师的理念，老师改变了他。changed符合语境，故选D。 （23-24八年级上·上海·期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语，完成短文） Name a Star Are you tired of shopping for presents? What can you get someone who has everything? How about surprising them with a star: Every star is unique (独一无二的), and so is your loved one. Name a star for your loved ones! Stars have been around since the universe (宇宙) began. Everyone has written about them, from ancient people to modern scientists. Some kings and queens believed that stars were 1 . They made decisions by looking to the skies, Some people believe that stars influent our dreams. Since 1975, we have named stars 2 presidents, famous actors and singers. For only seventy dollars, you can go online at “Be a Star” and get a beautiful certificate (证书) with 3 of your star. While you can’t visit a star, you can find it using its location, a map and telescope! With your gift, you will also get information on famous stars like Polaris, the North Star and Sirius, the Dog Star, which is the brightest star in the sky. Some stars are part of groups like Orion and the Big Dipper. Others come in many 4 -white, orange, yellow and even red! White stars are usually the hottest and brightest, but some red stars are closer to the Earth, so they 5 bigger and brighter. If you like, we can send you a photograph of the star for $30.00. If you want it framed (有外框的), that will cost $15.00. If the person receiving the star likes to dress up, we have 6 a star necklace. It costs $50.00 and is made of silver. Also, we have prepared a book about stars. It is $40.00. We can send your gift anywhere in the world! Even if you move countries, you can always find your star 7 ! Just visit our website, “Be a Star”! 1．A．harmful B．beautiful C．meaningful D．powerful 2．A．before B．with C．after D．around 3．A．details B．questions C．books D．pictures 4．A．names B．sizes C．locations D．colors 5．A．are B．seem C．get D．become 6．A．found B．painted C．finished D．designed 7．A．in the sky B．on TV C．at night D．every day 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．C 【分析】文章讲述的是给星星命名，通过一家网站你可以购买星星，可以自己命名，有证书的图片等，不管你搬到哪里，都可以在天空看到你自己的星星。 1．句意：一些国王和王后认为星星是很强大的。 本题考查的是形容词的辨析，A. harmful有害的；    B. beautiful漂亮的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. powerful强大的，根据后面的句子They made decisions by looking to the skies可知，应该是强大的，故答案选D。 2．句意：自从1975年，我们就可以用总统、著名的演员和歌手来命名星星。 A. before在…之前；B. with用；C. after    在…之后；D. around在…周围，根据句子意思及选项单词的意思可知，应该是用他们来命名，故答案选B。 3．句意：你可以上去登陆be a star，然后得到一份证书，上面有你的星星的照片。 本题考查的是名词辨析，A. details细节；B. questions问题；C. books    书；D. pictures图片，根据句子意思可知，证书上有的应该是星星的图片，不是其他东西。故答案选D。 4．句意：其他星星是以不同的颜色出现的。 本题考查的是名词辨析，A. names名字；B. sizes    大小；C. locations位置；D. colors颜色，根据后面的句子white, orange, yellow and even red可知，应该是颜色，故答案选D。 5．句意：但是一些红色的星星靠近地球，所以它们看起来更大、更明亮。 本题考查的是动词的辨析，A. are是；B. seem似乎；C. get    渐渐变得，后面加形容词的比较级；D. become变得，这些星星之所以是红色的，是因为离地球更近，远小近大，所以是看起来更大，应该用seem，故答案选B。 6．句意：我们设计了一个星星项链。 本题考查的是动词的辨析，A. found    发现；B. painted粉刷；C. finished结束；D. designed设计，根据前面的句子. If the person receiving the star likes to dress up，如果收到星星的人喜欢打扮的话，我们“设计”了一个项链比较符合，故答案选D。 7．句意：即使你搬到了另一个国家，你也可以在晚上找到你的星星。 本题考查的是词组辨析，A. in the sky在天空上；B. on TV在电视上；C. at night在晚上；D. every day每天，根据句子意思以及词组辨析，不是24小时都能在天上找到星星的，应该是在晚上，故答案选C。 （23-24八年级上·上海·期末）Choose the best words and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词完成短文) Hello, everyone, welcome to our Chitchat. In last week’s Chitchat, we asked our readers if they could re-select their major—the main subject of study in college, which one they would pick. Here are some of their ideas. If I got do-over (重来), I will make a change. @Jim Zhang If I got do-over, I would choose 1 . I’m really fond of teaching kids, I had no idea about what I wanted to do or what I really liked even after graduation. Three years later, I realized that it was a great loss of time to think too much about what I should do, because what I really need is doing it with all heart and keeping on. Unfortunately, I was too young to realize that at that time. If I got do-over, I will 2 . @Agatha If I can get do-over, I would choose my original major. For me, majoring in mathematics was 3 . Proving mathematical theories (理论) in words was crazy. However, it is mathematics that makes me have strong logical thinking. The biggest pity about my major is that I didn’t try as hard as I should. In a word, I don’t regret choosing mathematics as my major but I regret not learning it better and further. Do-over is not in my list @tina 4 , I don’t regret my choice. As an English teacher, sometimes it’s hard to improve students’ English level. But when I see great progress that students have made, I feel really satisfied. Anyway, every field needs 5 . For students, being good at English is not the only way to succeed. I’m really pleased with their progress, even not in English learning. Then why should I choose my major again? @SEEF I majored in geography science which needs outgoing study and research in the original environment where hasn’t been explored at all. Excitement, danger, coldness, hotness as well as uncertainty, always surround us. However, it’s also unforgettable (难忘的) and we met the things others would 6 do. 1．A．advertisement B．economy C．medicine D．education 2．A．speak louder B．work harder C．wait longer D．think deeper 3．A．amusing B．different C．difficult D．necessary 4．A．In fact B．After all C．What’s more D．By the way 5．A．conclusions B．resources C．advantages D．talents 6．A．never B．also C．always D．recently 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文是一个闲聊节目，节目主题为“如果能重来，你是否会重新选择你的专业？”文中有四位嘉宾对这一话题发表了自己的观点。 1． 句意：如果我能重来，我会选择教育专业。 advertisement广告；economy经济；medicine药物；education教育。根据“I’m really fond of teaching kids.”可知，Jim想要选择教育专业，故选D。 2．句意：如果我能重来，我将会更加努力。 speaker louder说话更大声；work harder工作更加努力；wait longer等待更久；think deeper思考更加深入。根据下文所说“In a word, I don’t regret choosing mathematics as my major but I regret not learning it better and further.”可知，Agatha不后悔自己选择的专业，而是后悔没有把它学得更好更深入，所以如果重来，Agatha会更努力。故选B。 3．句意：对我来说，主修数学是很难的。 amusing有趣的，好笑的；different不同的；difficult困难的；necessary必要的。根据“Proving mathematical theories (理论) in words was crazy.”可知，用语言证明数学理论令人疯狂，由此可见，数学是非常难的，故选C。 4． 句意：实际上，我不后悔我的选择。 in fact实际上；after all毕竟；what’s more而且，更重要的是；by the way顺便一提。根据“I’m really pleased with their progress, even not in English learning. Then why should I choose my major again?”可知，Tina实际上不后悔目前所选的专业，故选A。 5． 句意：总之，每个领域都需要人才。 conclusions结论；resources资源；advantages优点，优势；talents天赋，人才。根据“For students, being good at English is not the only way to succeed. I’m really pleased with their progress, even not in English learning. ”可知，这里说的是每个领域都需要选择人才，学好英语不是成功的唯一途径，故选D。 6．句意：然而，这同样是难以忘记的，并且我们会遇见其他人从来没有见过的东西。 never从不，绝不；also也；always总是；recently最近。根据“Excitement, danger, coldness, hotness as well as uncertainty, always surround us. However, it’s also unforgettable (难忘的)”可知，地理专业需要接触很多东西，危险、寒冷、炎热等等，而有很多东西，是其他人从未接触过的，故选A。 （23-24八年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage（选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) Skimming and scanning (略读和浏览) is a good method when you don’t have enough 1 , such as when you are taking an exam, but, today, many people skim and scan everything and they have lost the ability to enjoy reading. In response to this, something called the “slow reading movement” has become popular. The idea is that people should 2 their computers and mobile phones for half an hour or forty-five minutes each day and enjoy the pleasures of reading a good book—slowly and quietly! Researchers have found that reading slowly, especially of fictions, helps people relax and think about 3 they are reading. It also helps people get to understand the characters’ emotions and to see the world through the characters’ eyes. Reading, of course, isn’t easy. You have to sit still for one thing. And it can seem 4 when compared (比较) to the excitement of playing video games. But, for me, reading has always been a pleasure in my life. From the age of ten, when I got my first library card, I’ve enjoyed the company (陪伴) of heroes and clever detectives, of thousands of interesting people I would have never met 5 . Reading provided me with escape (逃离), but it also enabled me to understand the world around me. It was an education in a classroom that had no walls. In your classroom, you have learned to read “fast”. 6 , outside of the classroom, you should try to learn to read “slow”. You may be surprised at how much you enjoy it. 1．A．confidence B．time C．homework D．support 2．A．take off B．put off C．turn off D．show off 3．A．what B．if C．why D．when 4．A．strange B．interesting C．boring D．attractive 5．A．in the book B．on the Internet C．at school D．in real life 6．A．What’s more B．For example C．However D．Finally 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了慢读的好处。 1．句意：当你没有足够的时间时，略读和浏览是一个好方法。 confidence自信；time时间；homework作业；support支持。根据“when you don’t have enough”可知当没有足够的时间时，可以略读和浏览。故选B。 2．句意：这个想法是，人们应该每天关掉电脑和手机半小时或四十五分钟，慢慢地、安静地享受读一本好书的乐趣！ take off 起飞；put off推迟；turn off关闭；show off炫耀。根据“their computers and mobile phones for half an hour or forty-five minutes each day and enjoy the pleasures of reading a good book”可知是关闭电脑和手机，去读书。故选C。 3．句意：研究人员发现，慢慢阅读，尤其是小说，有助于人们放松并思考自己在读什么。 what什么；if是否；why为什么；when什么时候。此处作reading的宾语用what引导宾语从句。故选A。 4．句意：与玩电子游戏的兴奋相比，这似乎很无聊。 strange奇怪的；interesting有趣的；boring无聊的；attractive有吸引力的。根据“when compared (比较) to the excitement of playing video games”可知玩电子游戏很兴奋，故此处表示坐下来阅读是很无聊的。故选C。 5．句意：从十岁起，当我拿到第一张图书馆卡时，我就喜欢与英雄和聪明的侦探们在一起，与成千上万我在现实生活中从未见过的有趣的人在一起。 in the book 在这本书中；on the Internet在网上；at school 在学校；in real life在现实生活中。根据“But, for me, reading has always been a pleasure in my life.”和“Reading provided me with escape (逃离), but it also enabled me to understand the world around me.”可知，让我了解了我周围的世界，说明在书上遇到的英雄等人物是我在现实生活中没见过的人。故选D。 6．句意：然而，在课堂之外，你应该试着学会“慢”阅读。 What’s more而且；For example例如；However然而；Finally最后。此处和前句是转折关系，用however连接。故选C。 （23-24八年级上·上海浦东新·期末）On that day, in the hospital, I asked the doctor if he could test Jim again. The doctor did so. To my sadness, it was the score, 90. Later that evening, I told Frank the bad news. After talking it over, we agreed that our son was much better than an IQ test. We thought that Jim’s score must have been a 1 and we should treat him as usual. We moved to Indiana in 1962, and Jim studied in Concordia High School in the same year. He got good grades in the school, 2 in biology and chemistry. We were very happy. Jim went to Indiana University in 1965 as a pre-medical student. Soon after that, his teacher asked him to take more courses. In 1968, he started to 3 in the School of Medicine, Yale University. On graduation day in 1972, Frank and I went to the ceremony (仪式) at Yale. After that, we told Jim about the 4 IQ score he got when he was six. Since that day, he sometimes looked at us and said with a smile, “My dear mom and dad never told me that I couldn’t be a doctor. They didn’t tell me until I graduated from medical school”. It is his special way of 5 us for the faith (信念) we had in him. A few days later, Jim 6 another IQ test. We went to the same hospital. He had received the test there eighteen years before. This time he scored 126. The result seemed to be impossible. Children often do as well as their parents or teachers expect of them. That is, if you tell a child he is “stupid”, he may play the role of a foolish child. 1．A．joke B．mistake C．hope D．truth 2．A．wonderfully B．luckily C．really D．especially 3．A．study B．teach C．work D．play 4．A．high B．same C．low D．different 5．A．telling B．thanking C．showing D．asking 6．A．looked for B．waited for C．asked for D．gave up 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了儿子IQ测试值的故事。 1．句意：我们认为吉姆的得分一定是个错误，我们应该像往常一样对待他。 joke玩笑；mistake错误；hope希望；truth真相。根据文中“After talking it over, we agreed that our son was much better than an IQ test.”可知，这里指认为吉姆的得分一定是个错误，故选B。 2．句意：他在学校取得了好成绩，尤其是在生物和化学方面。 wonderfully美好地；luckily幸运地；really真地；especially特别地。根据“He got good grades in the school”可知，这里指尤其是在生物和化学方面，故选D。 3．句意：1968年，他开始在耶鲁大学医学院学习。 study学习；teach教；work工作；play玩。根据“On graduation day in 1972, Frank and I went to the ceremony (仪式) at Yale.”可知，是指在耶鲁大学医学院学习，故选A。 4．句意：在那之后，我们告诉了吉姆他六岁时的低智商分数。 high高的；same相同的；low低的；different不同的。根据前文“ To my sadness, it was the score, 90.”可知，这里指告诉了吉姆他六岁时的低智商分数，故选C。 5．句意：这是他感谢我们对他的信任的特殊方式。 telling告诉；thanking感谢；showing展示；asking问。根据“My dear mom and dad never told me that I couldn’t be a doctor. They didn’t tell me until I graduated from medical school”可知，这里指感谢我们对他的信任，故选B。 6．句意：几天后，吉姆要求再做一次智商测试。 looked for寻找；waited for等候；asked for请求；gave up放弃。根据“another IQ test”可知，这里指要求再做一次智商测试，故选C。 （22-23八年级上·上海青浦·期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage. (选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文) A beautiful smile When I was thirteen years old, a girl gave me an important gift. It was a smile. It was the early autumn of my first year at a new school. No one knew me. I was very lonely, and 1 to make friends with anyone. Every time I heard the other students talking and laughing, I felt even more lonely. I could not talk to anyone about my 2 , and I did not want my parents to worry about me. One day, my classmates were talking with their friends, but I sat in silence. At that moment, a girl entered the classroom. I did not know who she was. She passed me and then 3 . She looked at me and, without a word, smiled. 4 , I felt the touch of something bright and friendly. It made me feel happy, lively and warm. It was like a hidden treasure. That smile 5 my life. I started to talk with the other students. Day by day, I learnt to trust people, and they included me in their circle of friends. The girl with the bright smile has become my best friend now, and we stick together like glue. One day, I asked her why she smiled at me that day. She said she could not remember! Now I believe that the world is what you think it is. If you think you are lonely, you might always be alone. My 6 is: smile at the world and it will smile back. 1．A．similar B．afraid C．surprised D．excited 2．A．dream B．interest C．feeling D．problem 3．A．turned back B．turn over C．looked out D．looked up 4．A．Luckily B．Suddenly C．Hopefully D．Slowly 5．A．continued B．created C．broke D．changed 6．A．suggestion B．ambition C．argument D．instruction 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者13岁时来到一所新学校，没有朋友，作者感到很孤独，一次一个微笑改变了作者的生活，从而使作者明白：对世界微笑，世界也会对你微笑的道理。 1．句意：我很孤独，害怕和任何人交朋友。 similar相似的；afraid害怕的；surprised惊讶的；excited兴奋的。根据“I was very lonely”可知，作者很孤独，害怕和任何人交朋友。故选B。 2．句意：我不能告诉任何人我的问题，我不想我的父母担心我。 dream梦想；interest兴趣；feeling感觉；problem问题。根据“and I did not want my parents to worry about me.”可知，因为不想让父母担心我，所以是不能告诉任何人我的问题。故选D。 3．句意：她从我身边走过，然后又转过身来。 turned back转回，转身；turn over翻身，移交；looked out小心；looked up查阅。根据“She passed me and then ... She looked at me and, without a word, smiled”可知，是指她从我身边经过，然后又转身向我微笑。故选A。 4．句意：突然，我感觉到了某种欢快而友好的东西触动了我。 Luckily幸运地；Suddenly突然；Hopefully有希望地；Slowly慢慢地。根据“She looked at me and, without a word, smiled.”及“I felt the touch of something bright and friendly.”可知，女孩向作者微笑，让作者感到很突然。故选B。 5．句意：那个微笑改变了我的生活。 continued继续；created创造；broke打破；changed改变。根据“I started to talk with the other students.”可知，作者做出了改变。故选D。 6．句意：我的建议是：对世界微笑，世界也会对你微笑。 suggestion建议；ambition雄心；argument争论；instruction指示。根据“smile at the world and it will smile back.”可知，这是作者的建议。故选A。 （22-23八年级上·上海长宁·期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语完成短文) What do you think of when someone says the word inventor? Maybe you think of a woman dressing in a white coat, surrounded (被……围绕) by test tubes and working 1 into the night. Perhaps you think of a gray-haired doctor making strange machines. Whatever you think of, the truth is that inventors are just real people. They come from all walks of life (各行各业), and from all over the world. They are of all ages. Some might 2 be younger than you! Brandon Whale was eight years old when he knew the PaceMate, which helps people who have pacemakers (心脏起搏器) for their hearts, like Brandon’s mother. When patients are 3 , they can send data about their heart through an electronic bracelet (手镯) to doctors in the hospital without stepping out of the door. However, this bracelet was too big for his mother, so Brandon found a way to make it smaller and more conductive (更具导电性), so it could send information better. Just like other inventors, Brandon Whale saw a need and found out 4 to fill it. That is exactly what inventing is. Someone works out a problem by putting things together in a whole new way. Inventing is not new. It is part of being human. In fact, humans have used tools they 5 for thousands of years. It is unlikely that people will ever stop inventing. From making the first wheel and using fire to creating fuel-cell cars and visiting space, there seems to be no 6 to human creatively. 1．A．hardly B．late C．happily D．later 2．A．still B．also C．probably D．even 3．A．in hospital B．at home C．in the street D．in the store 4．A．how B．what C．whether D．when 5．A．kept B．collected C．invented D．expected 6．A．need B．end C．time D．way 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了擅长发明的人是怎么发明出东西的。 1．句意：也许你会想到一个穿着白大褂的女人，被试管包围，工作到深夜。 hardly几乎不；late晚；happily开心地；later后来。根据前文“What do you think of when someone says the word inventor?”可知，一想到发明家，可能会想到一个人被试管包围，工作到很晚，故选B。 2．句意：有些人甚至可能比你还年轻！ still仍然；also也；probably可能；even甚至。根据“Some might...be younger than you!”结合感叹语气可知，有些发明家甚至非常年轻，故选D。 3．句意：当患者在家时，他们无需出门就可以通过电子手环将心脏数据发送给医院的医生。 in hospital住院；at home在家；in the street在街上；in the store在店里。根据“without stepping out of the door.”可知，指的是待在家里，故选B。 4．句意：就像其他发明家一样，布兰登·威尔看到了需求，并找到了满足需求的方法。 how如何；what什么；whether是否；when什么时候。根据“Just like other inventors, Brandon Whale saw a need and found out...to fill it.”可知，这个人找到了如何如何满足这个需求的方法，应用how+动词不定式作found out的宾语，故选A。 5．句意：事实上，人类已经使用他们发明的工具几千年了。 kept保持；collected收集；invented发明；expected期待。根据“In fact, humans have used tools they...for thousands of years”可知，人们使用的是人们自己发明的工具，故选C。 6．句意：从制造第一个轮子、使用火到制造燃料电池汽车、访问太空，人类的创造力似乎永无止境。 need需要；end结束；time时间；way方式。根据“to human creatively”可知，人类的创造力永无止境。故选B。 （22-23八年级上·上海宝山·期末）Choose the words or expressions and complete the passage (选择最恰当的单词或短语，完成短文) Your brain is a fantastic control centre. It controls every single thing you do. It is so 1 that a famous scientist once called it “the most complex (复杂) thing we have yet discovered”. Your brain is faster and 2 than a super computer. For example, your cat is on the kitchen table. She’s about to step onto a hot stove (炉子). You have only seconds to act. When you see her doing so, your brain quickly calculates when, where and at what speed you will need to stop her. Then it orders your body to move. Your timing is perfect and she’s safe. No computer can come close to your brain’s magic ability to process the information. Your brain changes when you 3 . Riding a bike seems impossible at first. But soon you can do it very well. How? As you practise, your brain sends “bike riding” messages over again and again. Those messages make new connections in your brain. In fact, your brain not only changes every time you practise something new, but also when you have a new idea or memory (记忆). Exercise helps make you stronger. It is well known that any exercise that makes your heart beat faster, like running or playing basketball, is great for your body and can 4 make you happy. Scientists have recently found that for a little time after you’ve exercised, your body produces (生产) something that makes your brain learn more quickly. 5 if you can’t work out a difficult problem, go out and play for a little while, and then try the problem again. You may just find that you’re able to work it out. 1．A．serious B．private C．important D．amazing 2．A．simpler B．more powerful C．cheaper D．more modern 3．A．learn B．work C．sleep D．play 4．A．seldom B．still C．even D．only 5．A．Yet B．So C．But D．Or 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍大脑的重要性。 1．句意：它是如此神奇，以至于一位著名的科学家曾经称它为“我们所发现的最复杂的东西”。 serious严肃的；private私人的；important重要的；amazing惊人的，令人大为惊奇的。根据“a famous scientist once called it ‘the most complex (复杂) thing we have yet discovered’”可知，一位著名的科学家曾称大脑是“我们所发现的最复杂的东西”，所以很神奇，故选D。 2．句意：你的大脑比超级计算机更快更强大。 simpler更简单的；more powerful更强大的；cheaper更便宜的；more modern更现代的。根据“No computer can come close to your brain’s magic ability to process the information.”可知，任何电脑都无法与人脑处理信息的神奇能力相媲美，所以大脑比超级计算机更强大，故选B。 3．句意：当你学习的时候，你的大脑会发生变化。 learn学习；work工作；sleep睡觉；play玩。根据“In fact, your brain not only changes every time you practise something new, but also when you have a new idea or memory (记忆).”可知，你的大脑不仅在每次练习新东西时都会发生变化，而且当你有新的想法或记忆时也会发生变化，所以当你学习的时候，你的大脑会发生变化。故选A。 4．句意：众所周知，任何能让你的心跳加快的运动，比如跑步或打篮球，对你的身体都有好处，甚至能让你快乐。 seldom很少；still仍然；even甚至；only只。根据“It is well known that any exercise that makes your heart beat faster, like running or playing basketball, is great for your body and can...make you happy.”可知，运动对你的身体都有好处，甚至能让你快乐，此处强调程度，故选C。 5．句意：所以如果你解不出一道难题，那就出去玩一会儿，然后再试一遍。 Yet还；So所以；But但是；Or或者。分析前后两句，构成因果关系，前因后果，故选B。 （22-23八年级上·上海奉贤·期末）What happens when you mix fiction (based on the imagination) and science (based on 1 )? The result is “Science fiction”. Science-based books and movies often take place in the future.Writers imagine what life will be many years from now. In science fiction, there is life on other 2 , compete with aliens and monsters. People travel in spaceships, and there is lots of advanced technology around. Science fiction has many types of plots (情节), characters, and settings. Some of the first science fiction stories were about 3 aliens who try to take over the Earth and bring down the human race. Others were about people travelling in spaceships looking for 4 planets or keeping peace in the universe. The “science” was not very believable. Usually, the technology in science fiction movies and books are ahead of its time. But sometimes, this technology is just too good to stay within the pages of a book. For example, robots appeared in science fiction before they existed in 5 life. The 1960s Star Trek TV shows and later movies are full of more examples. The giant view screen aboard the starship Enterprise looks very much like the flat TV screens of today. The crew used ạ small device to talk to each other on the ship. It even worked from the ship to Earth. This hand-held device was very much like the future mobile phone. The small touch-screen the captain and crew 6 around was similar to a 21st century tablet or iPad. Today, science fiction is closer to scientific reality than ever before. 1．A．things B．facts C．events D．thoughts 2．A．planets B．places C．parts D．paths 3．A．tiring B．boring C．worrying D．frightening 4．A．unusual B．uncertain C．unexplored D．unlucky 5．A．easy B．right C．modern D．real 6．A．looked B．showed C．designed D．carried 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科幻小说有很多不同的情节。 1．句意：当你把小说（以想象为基础）和科学（以事实为基础）混合会发生什么？ things事情；facts事实；events时件；thoughts想法。结合实际可知，科学已事实为基础，故选B。 2．句意：在科幻小说中，在其他星球上有生命存在。 planets星球；places地方；parts部分；paths小路。根据下文“compete with aliens and monsters”可知，此处表示其他星球上有生物，故选A。 3．句意：一些最早的科幻小说关于可怕的外星人，他们企图占领地球，并且消灭人类。 tiring累人的；boring无聊的；worrying令人担忧的；frightening可怕的。根据“who try to take over the Earth and bring down the human race”可知，此处表示外星人很可怕，故选D。 4．句意：其他一些科幻小说关于人们乘太空飞船寻找无人涉足的星球或维护宇宙和平。 unusual不同寻常的；uncertain不确定的；unexplored无人涉足的；unlucky不幸的。根据“travelling in spaceships”可知，此处表示乘太空飞船寻找无人涉足的星球，故选C。 5．句意：例如，机器人在现实生活中存在之前就已经出现在科幻小说中了。 easy简单的；right正确的；modern现代的；real真实的。根据“Usually, the technology in science fiction movies and books are ahead of its time.”可知，通常高科技先存在于科幻小说中，再出现在现实生活中，故选D。 6．句意：那个船长和船员们拿着的小小的可触屏和21世纪的平板或iPad相似。 looked看；showed展示；designed设计；carried拿。根据“The small touch-screen the captain and crew...around was similar to a 21st century tablet or iPad.”可知，船长和船员应该是拿着这个和平板相似的可触屏，故选D。 （22-23八年级上·上海浦东新·期末）Choose the best answer and complete the passage (选择最恰当的选项完成短文) There are robots all round us, making our lives easier. Some of them, like the pocket calculator, can work much more quickly than human beings can. And they 1 make mistakes. 2 some ways, robots are better than people. They do not get bored doing the same job over and over again. And they never get tired. So robots are very useful in factories. They can be taught to do many different jobs. First, their electronic brains must be shown 3 the job is done. A person moves the robot’s arms and hands through each part of the job. The robot’s brain remembers each 4 . When the robot is put to work on its own, its brain 5 the rods, heels and motors which moves its arms. When the robot is needed for a new job, its electronic memory is “wiped clean”. Then it is taught how to do its new task. If the robot’s hand stopped working, or if something gets in the way, it can not do the next part of the job. So it stops and signals for help. Then a human engineer attends to the fault. Robots are also used for doing jobs that are 6 . They can move objects which are too hot or too heavy for people to 7 . 1．A．sometimes B．never C．rarely D．usually 2．A．In B．On C．To D．With 3．A．what B．how C．when D．which 4．A．job B．person C．move D．hand 5．A．catches B．controls C．offers D．responds 6．A．dangerous B．interesting C．boring D．important 7．A．find out B．pick up C．operate on D．deal with 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了机器人的用处。 1．句意：它们从不犯错。 sometimes有时；never从不；rarely很少；usually通常。根据“Some of them, like the pocket calculator, can work much more quickly than human beings can. And they...make mistakes”可知机器人从不犯错。故选B。 2．句意：在一些方面，机器人比人更好。 in在里面；on在上面；to到；with和。in some ways“在一些方面”。故选A。 3．句意：首先，必须向它们的电子大脑展示工作是如何完成的。 what什么；how如何；when什么时候；which哪一个。根据“their electronic brains must be shown...the job is done”可知是工作是如何完成的。故选B。 4．句意：机器人的大脑会记住每一个动作。 job工作；person人；move动作；hand手。根据“A person moves the robot’s arms and hands through each part of the job”可知一个人移动机器人的手臂和手完成工作的每个部分，而机器人会记住每一个动作。故选C。 5．句意：当机器人独立工作时，它的大脑控制着杆、脚跟和移动手臂的马达。 catches抓住；controls控制；offers提供；responds回应。根据“its brain...the rods, heels and motors which moves its arms”可知机器人的大脑会控制这些部件。故选B。 6．句意：机器人也被用来做危险的工作。 dangerous危险的；interesting有趣的；boring无聊的；important重要的。根据“They can move objects which are too hot or too heavy for people to ”可知移动太热或太重的物体，这些工作都很危险。故选A。 7．句意：它们可以移动人们无法处理的太热或太重的物体。 find out查明；pick up捡起；operate on给……做手术；deal with处理。根据“They can move objects which are too hot or too heavy for people to ”可知是处理太热或太重的物体。故选D。 （22-23八年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Creativity is the key to a bright future. Here is 1 schools and parents can help their children to develop their creativity. Drew worked for a company in 1925. At work he invented a kind of material strong enough to hold things together. But his boss told him 2 more about the idea. Drew didn’t stop and finally, using his own time, made a kind of tape, which now is used everywhere by many people. And his company learned from its 3 . Now the company asks its workers to spend 15 percent of their work time just 4 and developing new ideas. Creativity is not something one is just born with. A person with high intelligence does not mean that he uses it creatively. Creativity is the matter of 5 your intelligence to think of new ideas that are good for something. We know that many schools have tried to develop students creativity, but some teachers only want to develop students’ reading, writing and math skills, and have to 6 creativity for correct answers. Children from such schools can give correct answers, but they are unable to use 7 to work out problems. It is important to give children 8 . From the earliest age, children should learn to make decisions and understand their result. Even though it’s choosing between two kinds of food 9 lunch, decision-making helps thinking skills. As children grow older, parents should let their children decide how to use their time or spend their money, but not help too much if they make the wrong decision. The child may have a 10 time, but that is all right. 1．A．what B．when C．how D．where 2．A．think B．to think C．not think D．not to think 3．A．effect B．thought C．suggestion D．mistake 4．A．looking for B．finding C．thinking about D．picking up 5．A．finding B．using C． taking D．improving 6．A．grow up B．catch up C．give up D．hurry up 7．A．it B．them C．that D．ones 8．A．decisions B．choices C．notices D．signs 9．A．with B．to C．of D．for 10．A．hard B．lucky C．happy D．mad 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．D 10．A 【导语】本文主要是对学校和家长如何努力帮孩子发展创造力给予的一些建议。 1．句意：以下是学校和家长如何帮助孩子发展创造力。 what什么；when什么时候；how怎样；where在哪里。根据下面几段的介绍可知，本文主要是对学校和家长如何努力帮孩子发展创造力给予的一些建议，故选C。 2．句意：但是他的老板告诉他不要再考虑这个想法了。 think认为；to think动词不定式；not think否定式；not to think不定式的否定。根据“At work he invented a kind of material strong enough to hold things together. ”可知，在工作中，他发明了一种足够坚固的材料来把东西粘在一起，结合But可知，应该是他的老板告诉他不要再考虑这个想法了，tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”，故选D。 3．句意：他的公司从错误中吸取了教训。 effect影响；thought想法；suggestion建议；mistake错误。根据“And his company learned from its”和“15 percent of their work time just...and developing new ideas”可知，公司从错误中吸取了教训，故选D。 4．句意：现在，该公司要求员工花15%的工作时间来思考和发展新想法。 looking for寻找；finding找到；thinking about考虑；picking up捡起。根据后文“Creativity is the matter of...your intelligence to think of new ideas that are good for something.”可知，这里是指花时间思考，故选C。 5．句意：创造力是利用你的智慧去思考对某事有益的新想法。 finding找到；using使用；taking带走；improving改善。根据“your intelligence to think of new ideas that are good for something”可知，此处指使用智慧去思考，故选B。 6．句意：我们知道，许多学校都试图培养学生的创造力，但一些教师只想培养学生的阅读、写作和数学技能，为了正确的答案，不得不放弃创造力。 grow up长大；catch up赶上；give up放弃；hurry up快点。根据“We know that many schools have tried to develop students creativity, but some teachers only want to develop students’ reading, writing and math skills, and have to”可知，学生为了正确答案，不得不需要放弃创造力，故选C。 7．句意：这些学校的孩子可以给出正确的答案，但他们不能用这些答案来解决问题。 it它；them它们；that那个；ones是复数代词。根据“Children from such schools can give correct answers”可知，此处用them代指“correct answers”，故选B。 8．句意：给孩子选择是很重要的。 decisions决定；choices选择；notices通知；signs标志。根据“From the earliest age, children should learn to make decisions and understand their result.”可知，从很小的时候起，孩子们就应该学会做决定并理解他们的结果，以及“Even though it’s choosing”可知，给孩子选择权很重要，故选B。 9．句意：即使是选择两种食物作为午餐，决策也有助于思维技能。 with带有；to到；of……的；for为了。一日三餐前常与介词for连用，表示“三餐吃……”，故选D。 10．句意：孩子可能会有困难时期，但这没关系。 hard困难的；lucky幸运的；happy开心的；mad疯狂的。根据“As children grow older, parents should let their children decide how to use their time or spend their money, but not help too much if they make the wrong decision”可知，此处指孩子可能会有困难时期，故选A。 （22-23八年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Memory > Television > Changes My name is Terry and I am a middle-aged man from Newcastle. I remember how television has changed over the last fifty years and perhaps 1 , how television has changed our lives. The one thing I remember really clearly from my childhood, is watching the coronation(加冕典礼) of the Queen of England on television in 1952. My family did not have a television at that time because they were so expensive. In fact, 2 in our street had one, so everyone got together to watch the television in the local working men’s club. It was quite difficult to see because the television 3 was so small and the picture was in black and white. Even though I can remember the day very clearly, I remember that the picture was not very clear at all! It was also difficult to hear because the speakers were small and not very powerful. Everyone was cheering for the Queen while we were watching. I remember how 4 we were—you must remember that this was an amazing thing for us, to be able to see the Queen even though she was hundreds of miles away in London. In 5 , I watched the Queen’s golden jubilee on my colour television. A golden jubilee celebrates someone being a king or queen for fifty years. It was wonderful to see all the flags, horses and soldiers in their colourful uniforms. My television is really big and the sound quality is great. It has surround sound. It 6 that I can hear sounds of the TV programme coming from all directions while I’m watching television. Everyone in my family has a television. We have a small television in the kitchen, the smallest ones in all the bedrooms and a super-size one in the living room. How things have changed! 1．A．having no choice B．for the time being C．from side to side D．more importantly 2．A．someone B．no one C．everyone D．anyone 3．A．speaker B．main unit C．screen D．drive 4．A．relaxed B．amused C．excited D．disappointed 5．A．1962 B．1982 C．2002 D．2010 6．A．means B．looks C．sounds D．says 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 5．C 6．A 【导语】本文作者通过对看的不同电视的描绘，展现了人们生活的巨大变化。 1．句意：我记得电视在过去50年里发生了怎样的变化，也许更重要的是，电视如何改变了我们的生活。 having no choice没有选择；for the time being暂时；from side to side从一边到另一边； more importantly更重要的是。根据“I remember how television has changed over the last fifty years”以及“how television has changed our lives.”可知，此处表示强调，更重要不是电视发生了怎样的变化，而是如何改变了我们的生活。故选D。 2．句意：事实上，我们这条街上没有人有电视，所以大家都聚在一起在当地的工人俱乐部看电视。 someone某人；no one没有人；everyone每个人；anyone任何人。根据“so everyone got together to watch the television in the local working men’s club.”可知，没有人有电视，故选B。 3．句意：因为电视屏幕很小，而且画面是黑白的，所以很难看清。 speaker说话者；main unit主件；screen屏幕；drive驾驶。根据“was so small and the picture was in black and white.”可知，是指电视屏幕，故选C。 4．句意：我记得我们当时有多兴奋——你一定记得，能见到远在数百英里之外的伦敦女王，对我们来说是件了不起的事。 relaxed放松的；amused觉得好笑的；excited激动的；disappointed失望的。根据“you must remember that this was an amazing thing for us, to be able to see the Queen even though she was hundreds of miles away in London.”可知，可以见到远在数百英里之外的伦敦女王，这是很激动的事情，故选C。 5．句意：2002年，我在彩电上观看了女王的金禧庆典。 根据上文“The one thing I remember really clearly from my childhood, is watching the coronation(加冕典礼) of the Queen of England on television in 1952. ”以及“A golden jubilee celebrates someone being a king or queen for fifty years.”可知，女王在1952年加冕登基，50年后观看了女王的金禧庆典，所以时间是2002年，故选C。 6．句意：这意味着当我看电视的时候，我可以听到来自四面八方的电视节目的声音。 means意味着；looks看起来；sounds听起来；says说。根据“My television is really big and the sound quality is great. It has surround sound.”可知，作者的的电视很大，音质也很好，它有环绕立体声。这意味着自己看电视的时候，可以听到来自四面八方的电视节目的声音。故选A。 （21-22八年级上·上海浦东新·期末） Time to “Learn” Math WHY DO SO MANY STUDENTS hate or fear math? In my opinion, this has something to do with students’ role in Math classes. Students rarely think they are in the classroom to 1 the beauty of math. Instead, they think they are there to perform. From an early age, students realize math is different from other subjects. In many schools, math is more about answering questions than it is about 2 . Educators (教育学家) know how to improve the situation. In perfect math-learning environments, students work on difficult but interesting problems. They try a new idea, 3 and then try another new idea. They receive positive messages about their unlimited potential. Students with a “growth” mindset (观念模式) believe their ability is not “fixed”. They know failure is a natural part of learning. These students perform at higher levels in math and in life. 4 , most students today don’t get the chance to see math as a “growth subject”. They have to work on closed questions. There is no room for failure. Many students finally say to themselves, “I’m not a math person”. Furthermore, math looks more like a speed race than any other subject. Teachers usually take 5 from the first student who raises his or her hand. Math tests are timed. No wonder students who think slowly and deeply often hate or fear math. Schools should encourage teachers to open up math. In this way, math becomes a learning subject, instead of a performance subject. Teachers should ask questions that have many 6 instead of closed questions. They should give students the chance to discuss different ideas. They should also encourage students to ask questions that have never been asked. When teachers set students free, the beauty of math follows. More children will fall in love with this subject. 1．A．destroy B．discover C．draw D．say 2．A．travelling B．playing C．learning D．wondering 3．A．fail B．succeed C．cry D．laugh 4．A．Importantly B．Personally C．Carefully D．Unfortunately 5．A．books B．answers C．pens D．schoolbags 6．A．difficulties B．differences C．entrances D．solutions 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 【导语】本文介绍了学生讨厌数学的原因以及如何让学生对数学感兴趣，而不是惧怕和讨厌数学。 1．句意：学生们很少认为自己在课堂上是为了发现数学的美。 destroy破坏；discover发现；draw画画；say说。根据“Instead, they think they are there to perform.（相反，他们认为自己是来表演的。）”可知说的是发现数学之美。故选B。 2．句意：在许多学校，数学更多的是回答问题，而不是学习。 travelling旅行；playing玩；learning学习；wondering想知道。根据“From an early age, students realize math is different from other subjects.”可知说的是对数学的看法，在学校里数学更多是回答问题，而不是学习。故选C。 3．句意：他们尝试一个新的想法，失败了，然后尝试另一个新想法。 fail失败；succeed成功；cry哭泣；laugh笑。根据“then try another new idea.”可知失败了，然后尝试另一个新想法。故选A。 4．句意：不幸的是，现在的大多数学生没有机会将数学视为一门“成长学科”。 Importantly重要地；Personally个人地；Carefully小心地；Unfortunately不幸地。根据“most students today don’t get the chance to see math as a ‘growth subject’（现在的大多数学生没有机会将数学视为一门“成长学科”。）”可知这是不幸地。故选D。 5．句意：老师通常从第一个举手的学生那里得到答案。 books书；answers答案；pens钢笔；schoolbags书包。根据“Furthermore, math looks more like a speed race than any other subject.（此外，数学比任何其他学科都更像是一场速度竞赛。）”可知说的是得到答案。故选B。 6．句意：教师应该提出有许多解决方案的问题，而不是封闭的问题。 difficulties困难；differences差异；entrances入口；solutions解决方案。根据“instead of closed questions.”可知老师应该问有很多答案的问题。故选D。 （21-22八年级上·上海徐汇·期末）Choose the best words or expressions and complete the passage. （选择最恰当的单词或词语完成短文） Dotan is my penfriend. He lives in the small Italian city, Siena. The city sits on top of a hill. It makes for beautiful views. But if one is trying to get a piano to the top, it means a lot of work. Dotan, however, wasn’t 1 the work. For him, pushing a piano from place to place is a regular task. In the past five years, Dotan has traveled to more than 300 cities in 21 countries with his piano. He has 2 his love of music with people from the United States, Mexico, Canada and a number of European countries. After Dotan left college, he 3 changed jobs. He never had interest in his jobs at all, and he wanted to travel around the world in his life. Finally, in 2010, Dotan left his own city of New York and began working 4 a traveling pianist.     This “job” is not easy. Moving a piano is very hard. Dotan once had his piano fall on his hand. The 5 broke two of his fingers. While he was in Mexico, a group of thieves broke into his van. But 6 of these difficulties stopped Dotan from getting to the next destination. He loves meeting people from all walks of life (各行各业的人). All through these years, he has been made more than 1,200 friends. Now, Dotan is quite busy because he’s planning to travel to Asia and Australia. I hope to meet him in Shanghai soon. 1．A．afraid of B．keen on C．good at D．responsible for 2．A．showed B．shared C．said D．suggested 3．A．never B．seldom C．sometimes D．often 4．A．for B．to C．as D．with 5．A．job B．accident C．adventure D．damage 6．A．none B．all C．one D．any 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者的朋友Dotan热爱钢琴，不惧困难的事情。 1．句意：然而，Dotan却并不害怕这项工作。 be afraid of害怕……；be keen on喜爱；be good at擅长；be responsible for对……负责。根据“But if one is trying to get a piano to the top, it means a lot of work.”可知，第一段说移动钢琴需要很多工作 , 下一段用however表示转折，说明Dotan并不惧怕这些工作。故选A。 2．句意：他与来自美国、墨西哥、加拿大和一些欧洲国家的人分享了他对音乐的热爱。 showed展示；shared分享；said说；suggested建议。根据“He has...his love of music with people”可知，表示与别人分享他对音乐的热爱，share...with“与……分享”，固定词组。故选B。 3．句意：Dotan从大学毕业后，他经常换工作。 never从不；seldom很少；sometimes有时；often经常。根据“He never had interest in his jobs at all”可知，他对他的工作不感兴趣，说明他经常换工作。故选D。 4．句意：最后，Dotan在2010年离开了他自己的城市纽约，开始作为一名旅行钢琴家工作。 for为了；to向；as作为；with和。根据“a traveling pianist”可知，这是一个职业，as有“作为”的意思。故选C。 5．句意：那次事故使他的两根手指断了。 job工作；accident事故；adventure冒险；damage损坏。根据“Dotan once had his piano fall on his hand.”可知，是这次事故使他的两根手指断了。故选B。 6．句意：但这些困难都没有阻止Dotan到达下一个目的地。 none没有；all所有；one一；any任何。此处是固定搭搭配，none of“（三个或以上）都不；没有一个”。故选A。 （21-22八年级上·上海虹口·期末）For billions of years, life on our planet has evolved to the natural rhythms of night and day caused by the rotation of the earth. For humans, the sun gives us essential vitamins and the light we need to function. When the sun goes 1 and darkness sets in, the melatonin (褪黑素) in our brains make us 2 . Around us, other creatures awaken and use the darkness to hide or to hunt, to travel, and to communicate. Twinkling lighting bugs flash in the dark to communicate. Prey uses the shadows to hide and predators use the shielding darkness to hunt. 3 , over the last hundred years or so, our night sky has been fighting a losing battle against humans’ artificial light. Migrating birds 4 buildings, and newly hatched sea turtles mistake the glow of streets for the shimmer of the moon on the ocean. We even face more direct 5 risks from artificial light. Artificial light emitted from our screens, lamps, and streetlights 6 our normal sleep rhythms and decrease our melatonin production, which can cause adverse effects to our health. The 7 use of artificial light at night can have unintended effects on amphibians, birds, mammals, insects, plants, and even our own bodies natural cycles. 8 , the solution could be as easy as flipping a switch. The IDA (International Dark-Sky Association) has found ways that each one of us can help 9 light pollution and fight for the night. Solving this issue could be as easy as being sure to shut off all 10 lights at night, or investing in quality outdoor lighting that shines towards the ground. 1．A．up B．down C．east D．west 2．A．excited B．tired C．sleepy D．happy 3．A．However B．Meanwhile C．Therefore D．Afterwards 4．A．fly into B．crash into C．live in D．move into 5．A．heart B．health C．eye D．sleep 6．A．increase B．reduce C．disrupt D．improve 7．A．right B．suitable C．direct D．inappropriate 8．A．Seriously B．Unfortunately C．Fortunately D．Overwhelmingly 9．A．strengthen B．reduce C．increase D．stop 10．A．unnecessary B．necessary C．important D．useful 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了现在太多的光对人类的健康造成了不利的影响，并建议人们关闭不必要的灯。 1．句意：当太阳下山，黑暗降临时，我们大脑中的褪黑素会让我们昏昏欲睡。 up向上；down向下；east向东；west向西。根据“darkness sets in”可知太阳下山，黑暗降临。故选B。 2．句意：当太阳下山，黑暗降临时，我们大脑中的褪黑素会让我们昏昏欲睡。 excited兴奋的；tired劳累的；sleepy困倦的；happy开心的。根据“the melatonin (褪黑素) in our brains make us”可知黑夜来临时，褪黑素会让我们困倦。故选C。 3．句意：然而，在过去一百年左右的时间里，我们的夜空一直在与人类人造光进行一场失败的战斗。 however然而；meanwhile同时；therefore因此；afterwards后来。根据“over the last hundred years or so, our night sky has been fighting a losing battle against humans’ artificial light”以及上文内容可知，前后是转折关系，用however连接。故选A。 4．句意：候鸟撞上建筑物里，新孵化的海龟把街道的光辉误认为是海洋上月亮的微光。 fly into突然陷入；crash into撞上；live in住在；move into搬进。根据“Migrating birds...buildings”可知光会让鸟会撞上建筑物。故选B。 5．句意：我们甚至面临人造光带来的更直接的健康风险。 heart心脏；health健康；eye眼睛；sleep睡觉。根据“which can cause adverse effects to our health”可知人造光会对健康有危害。故选B。 6．句意：屏幕、灯具和路灯发出的人造光扰乱了我们的正常睡眠节奏，降低了褪黑素的产生，这可能对我们的健康造成不利影响。 increase增加；reduce减少；disrupt扰乱；improve改善。根据“our normal sleep rhythms”可知人造光会扰乱正常的睡眠节奏。故选C。 7．句意：夜间不适当地使用人造光可能会对两栖动物、鸟类、哺乳动物、昆虫、植物，甚至我们自己的身体自然周期产生意外影响。 right正确的；suitable合适的；direct直接的；inappropriate不恰当的。根据“The...use of artificial light at night can have unintended effects”可知人造光的不恰当使用会有意外影响。故选D。 8．句意：幸运的是，解决方案可以像拨动开关一样简单。 seriously严肃地；unfortunately不幸地；fortunately幸运地；Overwhelmingly压倒性地。根据“the solution could be as easy as flipping a switch”可知人造光对健康有危害，但是幸运的是，解决方案很简单。故选C。 9．句意：国际黑暗天空协会（IDA）已经找到了方法，我们每个人都可以帮助减少光污染，为夜晚而战。 strengthen加强；reduce减少；increase增加；stop停止。根据“light pollution and fight for the night”可知他们找到了减少光污染的方法。故选B。 10．句意：解决这个问题可能很容易，就像确保在晚上关掉所有不必要的灯，或者投资于高质量的户外照明，使其照向地面。 unnecessary不必要的；necessary必要的；important重要的；useful有用的。根据“shut off all...lights at night”可知是关掉不必要的灯。故选A。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$