命题点5 动词的语态-【一战成名新中考】2025广西中考英语（译林版）·一轮复习·精讲册优质课件PPT（讲册）

英语 1 第二部分 语法专题精讲练 专题一 动词 命题点5 动词的语态 （单项选择： 2020.40；选词填空： 2024.82,2023.78） 2 考点精讲 1.主动语态变被动语态的方法 口诀：宾变主, 主变宾, 谓语动词用被动。 3 注意 常见主动语态变被动语态的特殊情况 主动语态中有些感官动词（如hear, see, watch, notice等）和使役动词 （如make, let等）后用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语, 变为被动语态时, 要 把不定式符号to加上。如： hear/see sb. do sth.→sb. be heard/seen to do sth. make sb. do sth.→sb. be made to do sth. 4 2.被动语态的结构 时态 被动语态的结构 例句 一般现 在时 am/is/are+done My homework is always finished on time. 我 的作业总是按时完成。 一般过 去时 was/were+done The breakfast was cooked by Linda. 早饭是琳 达做的。 5 时态 被动语态的结构 例句 一般将 来时 will/shall/be going to +be+done Jim's room will be cleaned tonight. 吉姆的房 间今晚将被打扫。 含情态 动词 情态动词 +be+done The flower should（not） be watered every day. 这个花（不）应该被每天浇水。 6 3.使用被动语态的情况 （1）不知道动作的执行者是谁。如： This watch was made in China. 这块手表是中国制造的。 （2）没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如： Smoking isn't allowed here. 这里不允许吸烟。 7 （3）需要强调或突出动作的承受者时。如： Chinese is now spoken all around the world. 现在世界各地都在说汉语。 （4）出于礼貌而不说出动作的执行者。如： My glass was broken this morning. 我的玻璃杯今天早上被摔碎了。 （5）动作的发出者不是人。如： Many houses were washed away by the flood. 很多房屋被洪水冲走了。 8 4.主动结构表被动意义的情况 （1）open, lock, write, read, sell, wash, clean, watch, cut, burn, drive 等 作不及物动词时, 它们的主语为物, 可用主动结构表被动意义。如： This kind of pen writes very smoothly. 这种笔很好写。 （2）look, sound, taste, smell 等系动词用主动结构表被动意义。如： The fish tastes delicious. 鱼肉尝起来很美味。 （3）be worth doing “值得做”, 用主动结构表被动意义。如： This book is worth reading. 这本书值得一读。 9 （4）“need/require+doing”相当于“need/require+to be done”, to be done是 不定式的被动结构。如： Your car needs washing.=Your car needs to be washed. 你的车需要洗一 下。 （5）be +adj. +to do结构中, 当不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语时, 不定 式的主动形式表示被动意义。如： This food isn't easy to keep fresh. 这种食物不易保鲜。 10 注意 不能使用被动语态的情况 1.不及物动词（短语）没有被动语态, 常见的有 happen, take place, belong to等； 2.表示状态的动词没有被动语态, 常见的有 have, own, fail, cost, fit, last （持续）等; 3.反身代词在句中作宾语时, 不能用被动语态; 4.当及物动词 leave, enter, reach 等的宾语是表示地点和处所名词时, 不能 用被动语态。 11 考点精练 一、单项选择 1.[2020北部湾经济区40题改编]—Have you heard the news about the 2020 Olympic Games? —Yes. Maybe it ___ next year if everything goes well. A. will be held B. was held C. is held 2.[2020北部湾经济区Ⅱ卷39题改编]In 1958, pinyin ___ by Chinese linguist（语言学家）Zhou Youguang and his team. A. was designed B. designed C. is designed √ √ 12 3.[2024 乐山]—There has been less and less pollution in Leshan these years. —The government has made a great effort on it. I'm sure this problem___one day in the future. A. was solved B. solves C. will be solved 4.[2024福建]The photos are beautiful. I wonder where they ___. A. will be taken B. are taking C. were taken 5.[2024云南改编]Chinese ___ by more and more people in the world these days. A. speak B. spoke C. is spoken √ √ √ 13 6.—The traffic is more convenient than before. —Yes. Another bridge ___ over this river last year. A. is built B. was built C. will be built 7.The park is getting more and more beautiful because more kinds of flowers ___ every year. A. are planted B. were planted C. plant 8.Some new airports ___ in the west of our country. It will save our time to go there. A. build B. will build C. will be built √ √ √ 14 9.Rainbows ___ when sunlight passes through small drops of water in the sky. A. produce B. were produced C. are produced 10.The Monkey King is a traditional Chinese character. It ___ by people of all ages. A. is loved B. was loved C. love √ √ 15 11.The villagers expect that the building of the bridge ___ before the rainy season comes. A. is completed B. was completed C. will be completed 12.—Hanfu lovers ___ walking down the street in many cities. —Well, wearing hanfu helps to understand the Chinese culture. A. can be found B. can find C. must be found √ √ 16 二、选词填空 use solve try expect collect call A project has been started by a team of scientists at Greenwich University since 2016 in London. They are 1._______ to find ways to make food on Mars（火星） in the future. The project is 2._______ Feeding Mars. It tries to use water, fish and fish waste to grow fruit and vegetables on Mars. trying called 17 Farming on Mars, however, will be very hard. There's plenty of water that could be 3._________ from ice just below the surface, but the land on Mars is missing the nutrients（养分） that living things need. The team says that the problem will be 4._______ by growing plants and fish together. Fish waste can then be 5.______ to provide nutrients for plants. “It is 6._________ that you can grow lots of food, such as vegetables, salads, teas and medicinal plants on Mars, ” said Dr. Benz Kotzen, who leads the project. “You can even harvest（捕获） fish for food then.” collected solved used expected $$