第05讲Unit5Poems重点单词+词组+重点句型讲练(选择性必修三)-【寒假自学课】2025年高二英语寒假提升精品讲义（人教版2019）)

第05讲Unit5 Poems重点单词+词组+重点句型 精讲精练(选择性必修三) 一、精讲X3 U5 重点单词+词组 1. drama n.戏；剧；戏剧艺术 dramatic adj.戏剧的；给人印象深刻的；巨大而突然的；急剧的 dramatically adv.戏剧性地；明显地，剧烈地 dramatist n. 剧作家，编剧 a drama class 戏剧课 2. sorrow n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事vi.感到悲伤 sorrowful adj. 悲伤的 sorrowfully adv. 悲哀地；悔恨地 to one's sorrow 让某人悲伤的是 swallow one’s sorrow 忍气吞声 share happiness and sorrow同甘共苦 drown one's sorrows in wine借酒浇愁 sorrow at/for/over sth.对某事感到悲伤 3. imagery n.形象的描述；意象；像 image n.图片,形象,印象 imagine vt.想象;猜想 imagine sb doing sth imagination n.想象;幻想；想象中的事物 imaginative adj. 富于想象力的 vivid imagery 生动的形象 4. literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的 literature n.文学；文献；著作 literate adj. 有读写能力的 illiterate adj. 不识字的，文盲的 literacy n. 识字，读写能力 literary criticism文学批评 a literary man/woman 文人 literary works 文学作品 5. nursery adj.幼儿教育的 nursery school n.幼儿园 a nursery school teacher 幼儿园老师 6、nursery rhyme 童谣；儿歌 rhyme n.押韵；押韵词; vi. & vt. (使)押韵 rhythm n.节奏；韵律；规律 sing nursery rhymes 唱儿歌 nursery adj.幼儿教育的 nurse n.护士;v.看护，照料 7. diamond n.钻石；金刚石；菱形 Diamonds n.钻石（复数） a diamond ring 钻戒 8. folk adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的 folklore n.民俗学；民间传说 folk music 民间音乐. folk art民间艺术 folks n.人们=people ，伙计们=guys 9. recite vt.背诵；吟诵；列举 recital n.朗诵；独奏会 recitation n.背诵 recite sth. to sb. 向某人背诵/吟诵/列举某物 cite v 引用，援引；引证 repay偿还，回报 recycle回收利用，再利用 recover n.恢复，重新获得=regain reunite团聚 recall回想起;召回 review回顾,仔细研究 reread重读，再读 resign辞职 redefine 重新定义 repeat重复 rewrite 改写，重写 return归还，带回 retire 退职，（使）退休 remove 移除 拿开；除去，废除 recite a poem 吟诵一首诗 10. dewdrop n.露珠；水珠 dew n.露水 drop n./v.掉落；水滴 raindrop n.雨滴 teardrop 泪珠 shelter me from all drops of rain为我遮风挡雨 dewdrops on the grass 草上的露珠 11. dawn n.黎明；开端；萌芽 at dawn 在黎明时分 the dawn of a new era 新时代的开端 12. lawn n.草坪；草地 lawns n.草坪（复数） mow the lawn修剪草坪 grassland 草地，牧场 a well-kept lawn 修剪整齐的草坪 13. amateur n.业余爱好者 amateurish adj.业余的 professional adj.&n 职业的，专业的 an amateur painter 业余画家 14. format n.格式；总体安排；版式 formatted adj.格式化的 form n.表格 form/develop a habit of 养成…的习惯 change the format 改变格式 15. respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为 respective adj. 分别的；各自的 16. blossom n.花朵；花簇 blossomed adj.开花的 a cherry blossom 樱花 be in full blossom 鲜花盛开 blossom/develop into发展成… 17. delicate adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的 delicately adv.精细地 a delicate flower 一朵精致的花 delicacy n.脆弱 ；美味，佳肴 18. await vt.等候；期待；将发生在 awaiting adj.等待的 await sb = wait for sb.等待 awaiting your arrival 期待你的到来 19. revolve vi.旋转；环绕；转动 revolving adj.旋转的，轮转式的，循环的 resolve-resolution evolve-evolution arrive -arrival survive -survival involve -involvement forgive-forgiveness prove-proof believe-belief improve-improvement the revolving door 旋转门 20. utter vt. 出声；说；讲 uttered adj. 发出的 utterly adv.完全地；彻底地 utter her inner sorrow 说出她内心的悲伤 utter a cry 发出一声喊叫 21. comprehension n.理解力；领悟力；理解练习 reading comprehension阅读理解 comprehend v.理解,领悟 = make sense of / understand comprehensive adj.综合的,全面的=overall，有理解力的 have a comprehensive understanding of有全面的了解 a test of comprehension 理解力测试 22. shelf n. (pl. shelves ) 架子；搁板 shelves n.架子 a bookshelf 书架 23. core n. 核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿 cored adj.去核的 the core of the issue 问题的核心 24. cherry n.樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 pl: cherries cherry blossom 櫻花 a bowl of cherries 一碗樱桃 25. blank adj. 空白的；无图画（或韵律、装饰）的；没表情的 blankly adv.茫然地 go blank一片空白 a blank look茫然的表情；面无表情 a blank page 一张白纸 26、civilian n.平民；老百姓 civilians n.平民（复数） civil adj.民间的;民用的,文明的;国民的;国内的 civilize v.使文明，教化,熏陶,改善 civilization n. 文明 civilian life 市民生活 27. sympathetic adj. 同情的；有同情心的；赞同的 sympathize vi. 同情 be sympathetic to...赞同......；同情..... sympathetically adv. 同情地 sympathy n.同情；赞同 with sympathy同情地=sympathetically out of sympathy with不赞成某事 in sympathy with...赞同;支持 have (no) sympathy for sb.(不)同情某人 28、sympathy n.同情；赞同 sympathetic adj.有同情心的 an expression of sympathy 表达同情 29. version n.版本；(从不同角度的)说法 versions n.版本（复数) become a better version of myself 成为更好的自己 the latest version 最新版本 30. innocence n.天真；单纯；无罪 innocent adj.天真无邪的 in all innocence 完全没有恶意 childlike/naive ；无辜的；无恶意的 be innocent of 没有…罪 a look of innocence 一个无辜的表情 31. innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的 innocence n.无辜 an innocent mistake 一个无辜的错误 32. correspondence n.来往信件；通信联系 correspond vi.通信;相一致;符合;相当于 in correspondence with...和…一致 =in consistence with; 与……有通信联系 correspond to相当于；符合；相似 correspond with ...与……通信；与……相一致 a long correspondence 长期的通信 33. sow vt. & vi. ( sowed, sown or sowed ) 播种；种 sown adj.播种的 sow seeds 播种 34. seed n.种子；起源；萌芽 seeds n. 种子（复数） a packet of seeds 一包种子 35. dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的 dominance n.支配；优势 dominate vt.控制；支配 dominate the competition比赛占优势 domination n.控制，统治 dominate-dominant -domination tolerate-tolerant -tolerance ignore -ignorant -ignorance the dominant force 主导力量 36. deadline n.最后期限；截止日期 deadlines n.最后期限（复数） meet the deadline 满足最后期限 37、contest n.比赛；竞赛；竞争 contested adj.有争议的 a cooking contest 厨艺比赛 38. polish vt.修改；润色；抛光 polished adj.磨光的，擦亮的，完美的， polish a manuscript 修改手稿 39、string n.细绳；线；一串 vt. ( strung ,strung )悬挂；系 strings n.线（复数） a string of accidents 一连串的事故 40. wherever conj.在任何地方；在所有……的情况下 wherever adv.究竟在（到）哪里 41、barren adj.贫瘠的；不结果实的 barrenness n.贫瘠 bare adj.光秃秃的，赤裸的，荒芜的 barren land 贫瘠的土地 42. grief n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 grieving adj. 悲伤的 grieve v.使伤心，悲痛 a time of grief 悲伤的时期 43. complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的 complicate vt. 使复杂；使恶化 complication n.复杂化的困难/难题 complicated instructions 复杂的指示 44. variation n.变化；变体；变奏曲； vary vi.& vt.　不同；变化；变更 variety n. 多样性 various adj. 各种各样的；多种(类型)的；不同的 = diverse vary in functions... 在功能方面不同 vary with season随季节变化 vary from...to...从……到……不等 a wide variety of = varieties of各种各样的 = a diversity of a variation of the theme 主题的变化 45、racial adj.种族的；人种的 race n.种族 n.赛跑，速度竞赛；竞争，角逐；人种，种族 racism n.种族主义；种族偏见 racialist n. 种族主义者 n.- adj. race - racial face - facial finance - financial influence-influential practice-practical benefit - beneficial 46. prejudice n.偏见；成见 Prejudiced adj.有偏见的 overcome prejudice 克服偏见 47. prejudice vt.使怀有（或形成）偏见 prejudiced adj.怀有偏见的 have a prejudice against... 对…有偏见 race prejudice 种族偏见 prejudice sb. against sth. 使某人对某事产生偏见 Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》 48.mockingbird n.嘲鸫 叫) mock v.嘲笑,嘲弄,使显得徒劳，使显得可笑； a mock exam 一场模拟考试 49、brass n.黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器 bronze n.青铜；青铜色；青铜艺术品；铜牌 50.billy goat n.公山羊 ox公牛 cattle牛(总称) cow奶牛 51、bee n.蜜蜂 beehive 蜂窝；蜂箱 bee-keeper 养蜂人 52、clover n.三叶草 Four Leaf Clover幸运草（四叶草） 53.butterfly n.蝴蝶 pl: butterflies a social butterfly 交际花 54.mood n.情绪；心情；语气 in a good/bad mood心情好/不好 in high/low spirits情绪高昂/低落 be in the mood for sth./ to do (do)sth.有做某事的心情 be in no mood for sth./to do sth.没有心情做某事 moody adj.情绪不好的 55.tease vi. & vt.取笑 =make fun of tease sb. about sth. 就某事取笑某人 laugh at sb.嘲笑某人 play jokes on sb.开某人的玩笑 play tricks on sb.捉弄某人 二、精讲X3 U5 重点短语： 1.to the point 切题；中肯 The explanation in this dictionary is concise and to the point. The letter was short and to the point. 知识拓展： （1）beside/off the point 离题；跑题 （2）There is no point in doing sth.做某事毫无意义。 Keep your answers short and don't wander off the point. There is no point in complaining,for you are no match for him.  2.make sense 有意义；讲得通 To me，this all just seems to make sense and I think it's readable. What she referred to was so confusing that they could hardly make sense of it. 知识拓展： （1）make sense of ...理解，弄懂 （2）in a sense 在某种意义上 （3）in no sense 决不(位于句首时句子用倒装语序) （4）There's no sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。 It makes no sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. There is no sense in arguing about the problem with him.   3.be made up of由……组成(构成) My diet is made up of rice and vegetables.  The medical team is made up of three doctors and five nurses. 知识拓展： （1）make up 构成，组成；补上；编造；化妆 （2）make up for...弥补,理解 （3）make out 辨认出 I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him. You must make up for all the lost time. 表示“包括”和“组成”的其他表达： （1）consist of...包括 （2）be composed of...由...组成 4.tease vi.& vt.取笑(某人)；招惹；逗弄；揶揄 He teased me mercilessly about going Hollywood. She is always teasing her mother for money. 知识拓展： 1、tease sb.about...取笑某人的…… I remember being teased a lot about my local accent. (2)表示“嘲笑”的其他表达: make fun of...取笑 laugh at...取笑；嘲笑 make a fool of... 嘲笑 play a trick/tricks on...捉弄；戏弄 play a joke/jokes on...取笑；戏弄   5.consist of...由……组成；由……构成 What will life consist of on other planets? 知识拓展 (1)consist in...在于；存在于 consist with...与……一致 The beauty of air travel consists in its speed and ease.  Her story consists with the fact. (2)be made up of... ＝be composed of...由……组成  6.arrangement n. 安排; 筹备 make arrangements for 为……做好安排 特别提醒： make arrangements (for sth./for sb. to do sth.)中的 arrangement 常用复数形式。 arrange v. 筹备；安排；整理；布置；排列；改编 arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange for ... to do sth. 安排……做某事 特别提醒：表示“安排某人做某事”用 arrange for sb. to do sth.，而不用 arrange sb. to do sth.。 三、精讲X3 U5 重点句型： 1.“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句型 they are easy to learn and recite 是“主语＋be＋adj.＋ to do”句型。 该句型中不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但不定式用主动形式表达被动意义。 Tom was easy to talk to.  知识拓展 (1) 能用于“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构中的形容词有：easy， hard/difficult，comfortable， interesting，pleasant，safe，dangerous， impossible 等，说明的是不定式的性质。 (2)“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构中，不定式中的动词若是不及 物动词，其后要加上相应的介词。 The picture is pleasant to look at． The mountain is challenging to climb . The double bed is quite comfortable to lie in. 2.while 作连词的并列句 while 作并列连词，表示 前后两者的对比，意为“而；然而”。 He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music. 知识拓展 (1) while 用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间， 当……的时候”。 从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。 (2)while 用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”， 相当于 though。 (3)while 用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，相 当于 as long as。 Please don't talk so loudly while others are working. While she respected her maths teacher，she didn't like him.  X3 U5 精练试题： 一．英汉互译 1、_________________ n.情绪;心情;语气 2、_________________v.取笑(某人);揶揄;逗弄 3、_________________ n.音节 4、_________________ n.格式;总体安排 vt.格式化 5、_________________平民;老百姓 6、_________________ n.散文 7、_________________vt.等候;期待;将发生在 8、_________________vt.出声;说;讲 a.完全的 9、_________________ n.理解力;领悟力;理解练习 10、_________________ n.架子;搁板 11、_________________ a.空白的;无图画 n.空白 12、_________________ad.分别;各自;依次为 13、_________________ a.分别的;各自的 14、_________________a.精美的;精致的;脆弱的 15、_________________n.诗;韵文;诗节 16、core_________________ 17、cherry_________________ 18、revolve_________________ 19、blossom _________________ 二．词汇拓展 1．_________________ a.分别的;各自的 _________________ ad.分别;各自;依次为 2. _________________ a.精美的;精致的;脆弱的 _______________ n精致 3. _________________ v.理解________________ n.理解力; _________________adj.全面的 4. _________________ n.架子;搁板_________________复数 5. ______________adj.市民的___________________n平民;老百姓 三．词汇运用 1.We could put up some pictures on the b_________________ wall over there 2.The librarian put the books in order on several s___________________ in the library. 3. The couple have two sons who are three and six______________(respective) 4. The managers’ behavior was completely beyond _____________(comprehend)， so everyone present felt confused. 四． 语法填空 （一） As a combination of “sound” and “sense", poetry usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page. So, how to understand poetry easily and 1_____________ (utter)? Firstly, follow your ears. When beginning to read a poem aloud, it is better 2 _____________ (ask)“How does it sound?” Focus 3 _____________its rhythm, repeated words or other special effects, 4 __________will help you have better comprehension of the poem in the end. Secondly, approach the poem as if you were 5_____________explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic 6_____________ (question) about the poem. As you slowly explore your surroundings,you 7_____________ (dig) up clues that give you a better understanding of the poem. Thirdly,if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem, even with much painstaking effort,just have a little bit 8_____________ (patient).Generally speaking, a poem cannot 9_____________ (understand)if you only read it once. Finally, remember that you don’t have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it. You might need to abandon 10_____________ (it) true inner beauty. As long as the journey to poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it is worth your effort. （二） He,Pablo Neruda (1904-1973)， was once referred to as the Picasso of poetry. Beloved by Chileans of all classes, he is one of the most 1_____poets in history. 2_____ with the name Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto, he was a tall boy,who was shy and lonely. He loved to 3_____ and started to write poetry when he was ten. The American poet Walt Whitman, whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table, had a major 4 _____on his works. However, his father did not like the idea of his son being a poet and tried to 5_____him from writing. To 6_____ the publication of his first poem,he took the pen name Pablo Neruda. In 1924 Neruda 7 _____fame with his most widely read work Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair. Yet his 8_____ experience as a diplomat(外交官)and exile(流亡者)made him go beyond the theme of 9 _____. His work also reflected the 10_____ struggle of the Left(左派)and development of South America. He was 11_____ the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1971. Neruda loved the sea which he saw as 12 _____, destructive and forever moving. He found 13______in the power of the waves and the freedom of the seabirds on the coast. “I need the sea because it teaches me,” he wrote.“I move in the universe of the 14______ ” He loved how the sea forever 15______ itself , a renewal echoed in his works 1.A. disturbed B.injured C.respected D.absorbed 2.A.Born B.Met C.Hated D.Broken 3.A.perform B.read C.imagine D. dream 4.A.feature B.relationship C.awareness D.influence 5.A. persuade B.protect C.advise D.discourage 6.A.cover up B.dig up C.give up D.pick up 7.A.blamed B.deleted C.gained D.implied 8.A.rich B.powerful C.harmful D.logical 9.A.reality B.love C.belief D.patience 10.A.personal B.popular C.political D.complicated 11.A.arrested B.punished C.cheated D.awarded 12.A.creative B.sympathetic C.humorous D.disappointed 13.A.trust B.honor C.inspiration D.ideal 14.A.storms B. waves C.sadness D.shock 15.A.grasped B.destroyed C.recovered D.renewed X3 U5精练试题详解答案 一、英汉互译 1、mood 2、tease 3、syllable 4、format 5、the common people 6、prose 7、await 8、utter (2) comprehension (3) shelf (4) blank (5) respectively (6) respective (7) delicate (8) poem (9) 核心；果心 (10) 樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 (11) 旋转；环绕；转动 (12) （植物）开花；发展；成长 二、词汇拓展 1、respective；respectively 2、delicate；delicacy 3、understand；comprehension；comprehensive 4、shelf；shelves 5、civil；the common people 三、词汇运用 1、blank 2、shelves 3、respectively 4、comprehension 四、语法填空 （一） 1、utterly（此处考查副词修饰动词 understand，utter 变为副词形式） 2、to ask（it is better to do sth. 是固定句型，表示 “最好做某事”） 3、on（focus on 是固定短语，意为 “集中注意力于……”） 4、which（引导非限定性定语从句，指代前面整个句子内容） 5、an（explorer 是可数名词单数，此处表示 “一个探索者”，用不定冠词，且 explorer 以元音音素开头，用 an） 6、questions（question 是可数名词，前面有 some 修饰，用复数形式） 7、will dig（此处考查主将从现，as 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时） 8、patience（a little bit 后接名词，patient 变为名词 patience） 9、be understood（poem 和 understand 之间是被动关系，用被动语态，情态动词后用 be + 过去分词形式） 10、its（修饰后面的名词短语 true inner beauty，用形容词性物主代词 its） （二） 1、C（respected 表示 “受尊敬的”，根据上下文语境，他深受各阶层智利人的喜爱，是历史上最受尊敬的诗人之一，符合语境） 2、A（be born with 表示 “生来具有……”，此处说明他生来的名字情况，用 Born） 3、B（根据后面 started to write poetry 以及常理推断，应该是喜欢阅读然后开始写诗，read 符合语境） 4、D（have an influence on 是固定短语，意为 “对…… 有影响”，此处指美国诗人对他的作品有重大影响） 5、D（discourage sb. from doing sth. 表示 “劝阻某人做某事”，他父亲不喜欢他当诗人的想法，所以试图劝阻他写作） 6、A（cover up 有 “掩盖，隐藏” 之意，这里指为了隐藏他第一首诗的出版情况，用了笔名） 7、C（gain fame 表示 “获得声誉”，符合他凭借作品获得声誉的语境） 8、A（rich experience 表示 “丰富的经历”，他丰富的外交和流亡经历让他的创作主题有了拓展） 9、B（前面提到他凭借《二十首情诗和一首绝望的歌》获得声誉，这里说他后来超越了爱情这个主题，用 love） 10、C（根据后面提到左派的斗争以及南美洲的发展等，可知是反映政治方面的内容，用 political） 11、D（be awarded the Nobel Prize 表示 “被授予诺贝尔奖”，符合语境） 12、A（creative 表示 “有创造性的”，此处形容大海富有创造力等特点，符合他对大海的认知） 13、C（find inspiration 表示 “找到灵感”，他从海浪的力量和海鸟的自由中找到灵感，符合语境） 14、B（根据前面提到的大海、海浪等，此处说自己在海浪的宇宙中移动，用 waves） 15、D（renew 有 “更新，使再生” 之意，大海不断自我更新，这种更新也在他的作品中有所体现） ( 4 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 第05讲Unit5 Poems重点单词+词组+重点句型 精讲精练(选择性必修三) 一、精讲X3 U5 重点单词+词组 1. drama n.戏；剧；戏剧艺术 dramatic adj.戏剧的；给人印象深刻的；巨大而突然的；急剧的 dramatically adv.戏剧性地；明显地，剧烈地 dramatist n. 剧作家，编剧 a drama class 戏剧课 2. sorrow n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事vi.感到悲伤 sorrowful adj. 悲伤的 sorrowfully adv. 悲哀地；悔恨地 to one's sorrow 让某人悲伤的是 swallow one’s sorrow 忍气吞声 share happiness and sorrow同甘共苦 drown one's sorrows in wine借酒浇愁 sorrow at/for/over sth.对某事感到悲伤 3. imagery n.形象的描述；意象；像 image n.图片,形象,印象 imagine vt.想象;猜想 imagine sb doing sth imagination n.想象;幻想；想象中的事物 imaginative adj. 富于想象力的 vivid imagery 生动的形象 4. literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的 literature n.文学；文献；著作 literate adj. 有读写能力的 illiterate adj. 不识字的，文盲的 literacy n. 识字，读写能力 literary criticism文学批评 a literary man/woman 文人 literary works 文学作品 5. nursery adj.幼儿教育的 nursery school n.幼儿园 a nursery school teacher 幼儿园老师 6、nursery rhyme 童谣；儿歌 rhyme n.押韵；押韵词; vi. & vt. (使)押韵 rhythm n.节奏；韵律；规律 sing nursery rhymes 唱儿歌 nursery adj.幼儿教育的 nurse n.护士;v.看护，照料 7. diamond n.钻石；金刚石；菱形 Diamonds n.钻石（复数） a diamond ring 钻戒 8. folk adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的 folklore n.民俗学；民间传说 folk music 民间音乐. folk art民间艺术 folks n.人们=people ，伙计们=guys 9. recite vt.背诵；吟诵；列举 recital n.朗诵；独奏会 recitation n.背诵 recite sth. to sb. 向某人背诵/吟诵/列举某物 cite v 引用，援引；引证 repay偿还，回报 recycle回收利用，再利用 recover n.恢复，重新获得=regain reunite团聚 recall回想起;召回 review回顾,仔细研究 reread重读，再读 resign辞职 redefine 重新定义 repeat重复 rewrite 改写，重写 return归还，带回 retire 退职，（使）退休 remove 移除 拿开；除去，废除 recite a poem 吟诵一首诗 10. dewdrop n.露珠；水珠 dew n.露水 drop n./v.掉落；水滴 raindrop n.雨滴 teardrop 泪珠 shelter me from all drops of rain为我遮风挡雨 dewdrops on the grass 草上的露珠 11. dawn n.黎明；开端；萌芽 at dawn 在黎明时分 the dawn of a new era 新时代的开端 12. lawn n.草坪；草地 lawns n.草坪（复数） mow the lawn修剪草坪 grassland 草地，牧场 a well-kept lawn 修剪整齐的草坪 13. amateur n.业余爱好者 amateurish adj.业余的 professional adj.&n 职业的，专业的 an amateur painter 业余画家 14. format n.格式；总体安排；版式 formatted adj.格式化的 form n.表格 form/develop a habit of 养成…的习惯 change the format 改变格式 15. respectively adv.分别；各自；依次为 respective adj. 分别的；各自的 16. blossom n.花朵；花簇 blossomed adj.开花的 a cherry blossom 樱花 be in full blossom 鲜花盛开 blossom/develop into发展成… 17. delicate adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的 delicately adv.精细地 a delicate flower 一朵精致的花 delicacy n.脆弱 ；美味，佳肴 18. await vt.等候；期待；将发生在 awaiting adj.等待的 await sb = wait for sb.等待 awaiting your arrival 期待你的到来 19. revolve vi.旋转；环绕；转动 revolving adj.旋转的，轮转式的，循环的 resolve-resolution evolve-evolution arrive -arrival survive -survival involve -involvement forgive-forgiveness prove-proof believe-belief improve-improvement the revolving door 旋转门 20. utter vt. 出声；说；讲 uttered adj. 发出的 utterly adv.完全地；彻底地 utter her inner sorrow 说出她内心的悲伤 utter a cry 发出一声喊叫 21. comprehension n.理解力；领悟力；理解练习 reading comprehension阅读理解 comprehend v.理解,领悟 = make sense of / understand comprehensive adj.综合的,全面的=overall，有理解力的 have a comprehensive understanding of有全面的了解 a test of comprehension 理解力测试 22. shelf n. (pl. shelves ) 架子；搁板 shelves n.架子 a bookshelf 书架 23. core n. 核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿 cored adj.去核的 the core of the issue 问题的核心 24. cherry n.樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 pl: cherries cherry blossom 櫻花 a bowl of cherries 一碗樱桃 25. blank adj. 空白的；无图画（或韵律、装饰）的；没表情的 blankly adv.茫然地 go blank一片空白 a blank look茫然的表情；面无表情 a blank page 一张白纸 26、civilian n.平民；老百姓 civilians n.平民（复数） civil adj.民间的;民用的,文明的;国民的;国内的 civilize v.使文明，教化,熏陶,改善 civilization n. 文明 civilian life 市民生活 27. sympathetic adj. 同情的；有同情心的；赞同的 sympathize vi. 同情 be sympathetic to...赞同......；同情..... sympathetically adv. 同情地 sympathy n.同情；赞同 with sympathy同情地=sympathetically out of sympathy with不赞成某事 in sympathy with...赞同;支持 have (no) sympathy for sb.(不)同情某人 28、sympathy n.同情；赞同 sympathetic adj.有同情心的 an expression of sympathy 表达同情 29. version n.版本；(从不同角度的)说法 versions n.版本（复数) become a better version of myself 成为更好的自己 the latest version 最新版本 30. innocence n.天真；单纯；无罪 innocent adj.天真无邪的 in all innocence 完全没有恶意 childlike/naive ；无辜的；无恶意的 be innocent of 没有…罪 a look of innocence 一个无辜的表情 31. innocent adj.天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的 innocence n.无辜 an innocent mistake 一个无辜的错误 32. correspondence n.来往信件；通信联系 correspond vi.通信;相一致;符合;相当于 in correspondence with...和…一致 =in consistence with; 与……有通信联系 correspond to相当于；符合；相似 correspond with ...与……通信；与……相一致 a long correspondence 长期的通信 33. sow vt. & vi. ( sowed, sown or sowed ) 播种；种 sown adj.播种的 sow seeds 播种 34. seed n.种子；起源；萌芽 seeds n. 种子（复数） a packet of seeds 一包种子 35. dominant adj.首要的；占支配地位的；显著的 dominance n.支配；优势 dominate vt.控制；支配 dominate the competition比赛占优势 domination n.控制，统治 dominate-dominant -domination tolerate-tolerant -tolerance ignore -ignorant -ignorance the dominant force 主导力量 36. deadline n.最后期限；截止日期 deadlines n.最后期限（复数） meet the deadline 满足最后期限 37、contest n.比赛；竞赛；竞争 contested adj.有争议的 a cooking contest 厨艺比赛 38. polish vt.修改；润色；抛光 polished adj.磨光的，擦亮的，完美的， polish a manuscript 修改手稿 39、string n.细绳；线；一串 vt. ( strung ,strung )悬挂；系 strings n.线（复数） a string of accidents 一连串的事故 40. wherever conj.在任何地方；在所有……的情况下 wherever adv.究竟在（到）哪里 41、barren adj.贫瘠的；不结果实的 barrenness n.贫瘠 bare adj.光秃秃的，赤裸的，荒芜的 barren land 贫瘠的土地 42. grief n.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 grieving adj. 悲伤的 grieve v.使伤心，悲痛 a time of grief 悲伤的时期 43. complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的 complicate vt. 使复杂；使恶化 complication n.复杂化的困难/难题 complicated instructions 复杂的指示 44. variation n.变化；变体；变奏曲； vary vi.& vt.　不同；变化；变更 variety n. 多样性 various adj. 各种各样的；多种(类型)的；不同的 = diverse vary in functions... 在功能方面不同 vary with season随季节变化 vary from...to...从……到……不等 a wide variety of = varieties of各种各样的 = a diversity of a variation of the theme 主题的变化 45、racial adj.种族的；人种的 race n.种族 n.赛跑，速度竞赛；竞争，角逐；人种，种族 racism n.种族主义；种族偏见 racialist n. 种族主义者 n.- adj. race - racial face - facial finance - financial influence-influential practice-practical benefit - beneficial 46. prejudice n.偏见；成见 Prejudiced adj.有偏见的 overcome prejudice 克服偏见 47. prejudice vt.使怀有（或形成）偏见 prejudiced adj.怀有偏见的 have a prejudice against... 对…有偏见 race prejudice 种族偏见 prejudice sb. against sth. 使某人对某事产生偏见 Pride and Prejudice《傲慢与偏见》 48.mockingbird n.嘲鸫 叫) mock v.嘲笑,嘲弄,使显得徒劳，使显得可笑； a mock exam 一场模拟考试 49、brass n.黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器 bronze n.青铜；青铜色；青铜艺术品；铜牌 50.billy goat n.公山羊 ox公牛 cattle牛(总称) cow奶牛 51、bee n.蜜蜂 beehive 蜂窝；蜂箱 bee-keeper 养蜂人 52、clover n.三叶草 Four Leaf Clover幸运草（四叶草） 53.butterfly n.蝴蝶 pl: butterflies a social butterfly 交际花 54.mood n.情绪；心情；语气 in a good/bad mood心情好/不好 in high/low spirits情绪高昂/低落 be in the mood for sth./ to do (do)sth.有做某事的心情 be in no mood for sth./to do sth.没有心情做某事 moody adj.情绪不好的 55.tease vi. & vt.取笑 =make fun of tease sb. about sth. 就某事取笑某人 laugh at sb.嘲笑某人 play jokes on sb.开某人的玩笑 play tricks on sb.捉弄某人 二、精讲X3 U5 重点短语： 1.to the point 切题；中肯 The explanation in this dictionary is concise and to the point. The letter was short and to the point. 知识拓展： （1）beside/off the point 离题；跑题 （2）There is no point in doing sth.做某事毫无意义。 Keep your answers short and don't wander off the point. There is no point in complaining,for you are no match for him.  2.make sense 有意义；讲得通 To me，this all just seems to make sense and I think it's readable. What she referred to was so confusing that they could hardly make sense of it. 知识拓展： （1）make sense of ...理解，弄懂 （2）in a sense 在某种意义上 （3）in no sense 决不(位于句首时句子用倒装语序) （4）There's no sense in doing sth.做某事没有意义。 It makes no sense to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good. There is no sense in arguing about the problem with him.   3.be made up of由……组成(构成) My diet is made up of rice and vegetables.  The medical team is made up of three doctors and five nurses. 知识拓展： （1）make up 构成，组成；补上；编造；化妆 （2）make up for...弥补,理解 （3）make out 辨认出 I think it's very unkind of you to make up stories about him. You must make up for all the lost time. 表示“包括”和“组成”的其他表达： （1）consist of...包括 （2）be composed of...由...组成 4.tease vi.& vt.取笑(某人)；招惹；逗弄；揶揄 He teased me mercilessly about going Hollywood. She is always teasing her mother for money. 知识拓展： 1、tease sb.about...取笑某人的…… I remember being teased a lot about my local accent. (2)表示“嘲笑”的其他表达: make fun of...取笑 laugh at...取笑；嘲笑 make a fool of... 嘲笑 play a trick/tricks on...捉弄；戏弄 play a joke/jokes on...取笑；戏弄   5.consist of...由……组成；由……构成 What will life consist of on other planets? 知识拓展 (1)consist in...在于；存在于 consist with...与……一致 The beauty of air travel consists in its speed and ease.  Her story consists with the fact. (2)be made up of... ＝be composed of...由……组成  6.arrangement n. 安排; 筹备 make arrangements for 为……做好安排 特别提醒： make arrangements (for sth./for sb. to do sth.)中的 arrangement 常用复数形式。 arrange v. 筹备；安排；整理；布置；排列；改编 arrange sth. for sb. 为某人安排某事 arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 arrange for ... to do sth. 安排……做某事 特别提醒：表示“安排某人做某事”用 arrange for sb. to do sth.，而不用 arrange sb. to do sth.。 三、精讲X3 U5 重点句型： 1.“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”句型 they are easy to learn and recite 是“主语＋be＋adj.＋ to do”句型。 该句型中不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，但不定式用主动形式表达被动意义。 Tom was easy to talk to.  知识拓展 (1) 能用于“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构中的形容词有：easy， hard/difficult，comfortable， interesting，pleasant，safe，dangerous， impossible 等，说明的是不定式的性质。 (2)“主语＋be＋adj.＋to do”结构中，不定式中的动词若是不及 物动词，其后要加上相应的介词。 The picture is pleasant to look at． The mountain is challenging to climb . The double bed is quite comfortable to lie in. 2.while 作连词的并列句 while 作并列连词，表示 前后两者的对比，意为“而；然而”。 He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music. 知识拓展 (1) while 用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间， 当……的时候”。 从句中的谓语动词通常是延续性动词。 (2)while 用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”， 相当于 though。 (3)while 用作从属连词，引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，相 当于 as long as。 Please don't talk so loudly while others are working. While she respected her maths teacher，she didn't like him.  XB3U5词汇变形、短语和精练题： 一．英汉互译 1、_________________ n.情绪;心情;语气 2、_________________v.取笑(某人);揶揄;逗弄 3、_________________ n.音节 4、_________________ n.格式;总体安排 vt.格式化 5、_________________平民;老百姓 6、_________________ n.散文 7、_________________vt.等候;期待;将发生在 8、_________________vt.出声;说;讲 a.完全的 9、_________________ n.理解力;领悟力;理解练习 10、_________________ n.架子;搁板 11、_________________ a.空白的;无图画 n.空白 12、_________________ad.分别;各自;依次为 13、_________________ a.分别的;各自的 14、_________________a.精美的;精致的;脆弱的 15、_________________n.诗;韵文;诗节 16、core_________________ 17、cherry_________________ 18、revolve_________________ 19、blossom _________________ 二．词汇拓展 1．_________________ a.分别的;各自的 _________________ ad.分别;各自;依次为 2. _________________ a.精美的;精致的;脆弱的 _______________ n精致 3. _________________ v.理解________________ n.理解力; _________________adj.全面的 4. _________________ n.架子;搁板_________________复数 5. ______________adj.市民的___________________n平民;老百姓 三．词汇运用 1.We could put up some pictures on the b_________________ wall over there 2.The librarian put the books in order on several s___________________ in the library. 3. The couple have two sons who are three and six______________(respective) 4. The managers’ behavior was completely beyond _____________(comprehend)， so everyone present felt confused. 4． 语法填空 （一） As a combination of “sound” and “sense", poetry usually implies a deeper meaning beyond the words on the page. So, how to understand poetry easily and 1_____________ (utter)? Firstly, follow your ears. When beginning to read a poem aloud, it is better 2 _____________ (ask)“How does it sound?” Focus 3 _____________its rhythm, repeated words or other special effects, 4 __________will help you have better comprehension of the poem in the end. Secondly, approach the poem as if you were 5_____________explorer in an unfamiliar landscape. Ask some basic 6_____________ (question) about the poem. As you slowly explore your surroundings,you 7_____________ (dig) up clues that give you a better understanding of the poem. Thirdly,if you are still struggling to interpret the meaning of a poem, even with much painstaking effort,just have a little bit 8_____________ (patient).Generally speaking, a poem cannot 9_____________ (understand)if you only read it once. Finally, remember that you don’t have to fully understand a poem to appreciate it. You might need to abandon 10_____________ (it) true inner beauty. As long as the journey to poetry reading makes you feel something or lets you perceive another level of meaning, it is worth your effort. （二） He,Pablo Neruda (1904-1973)， was once referred to as the Picasso of poetry. Beloved by Chileans of all classes, he is one of the most 1_____poets in history. 2_____ with the name Ricardo Eliécer Neftalí Reyes Basoalto, he was a tall boy,who was shy and lonely. He loved to 3_____ and started to write poetry when he was ten. The American poet Walt Whitman, whose framed picture Neruda later kept on his table, had a major 4 _____on his works. However, his father did not like the idea of his son being a poet and tried to 5_____him from writing. To 6_____ the publication of his first poem,he took the pen name Pablo Neruda. In 1924 Neruda 7 _____fame with his most widely read work Twenty Love Poems and a Song of Despair. Yet his 8_____ experience as a diplomat(外交官)and exile(流亡者)made him go beyond the theme of 9 _____. His work also reflected the 10_____ struggle of the Left(左派)and development of South America. He was 11_____ the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1971. Neruda loved the sea which he saw as 12 _____, destructive and forever moving. He found 13______in the power of the waves and the freedom of the seabirds on the coast. “I need the sea because it teaches me,” he wrote.“I move in the universe of the 14______ ” He loved how the sea forever 15______ itself , a renewal echoed in his works 1.A. disturbed B.injured C.respected D.absorbed 2.A.Born B.Met C.Hated D.Broken 3.A.perform B.read C.imagine D. dream 4.A.feature B.relationship C.awareness D.influence 5.A. persuade B.protect C.advise D.discourage 6.A.cover up B.dig up C.give up D.pick up 7.A.blamed B.deleted C.gained D.implied 8.A.rich B.powerful C.harmful D.logical 9.A.reality B.love C.belief D.patience 10.A.personal B.popular C.political D.complicated 11.A.arrested B.punished C.cheated D.awarded 12.A.creative B.sympathetic C.humorous D.disappointed 13.A.trust B.honor C.inspiration D.ideal 14.A.storms B. waves C.sadness D.shock 15.A.grasped B.destroyed C.recovered D.renewed ( 4 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$