Unit 1 People of Achievement 必背单词和词块清单+小测卷-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册

U1 选择性必修一 限时训练1 姓名： 班级： 座号： 分数： 本卷总分100分 一．单词拼写（10*2=20分） 1.Artemisinin(青蒿素) is a _______(至关重要的) new treatment for malaria. 2.Tu Youyou, a ___________(尽心尽力的) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo,China. 3.I am going to attend a ___________(学术的) meeting this afternoon. 4.Her team examined over 2000 old medical texts, and ________(评估) 28000 plant for their medical properties. 5.A team of scientists with the _______(目标) of discovering a new treatment for malaria. 6.They discovered and tested 380 ________(有区别的) ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise against malaria. 7.He did not _______(承认) his mistakes. 8.Tu Youyou would not admit _______(失败). 9.Artemisinin has become a v_____ part of treatment for malaria. 10.He ________(获得) a car by working hard for three months. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4._______________ 5. _______________ 6. _______________ 7._______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10. _______________ 二、课文填空（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分） 根据前后文语境，选择适合的词进行填空，答案必须和课文原文一样，否则不给分。 crucial saved became research recovered value spread extract tested medicine objective evaluated obtained stuck concluded TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE 6 October 2015 This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a 1 new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has 2 hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600,000 die from it. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the 3 of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and 4 280,000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu’s team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid 5 from this to treat malaria, but this did not work, either. Their project got 6 . However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat . She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. She 7 that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom 8 . This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great 9 of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be 10 around the world.” 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4._______________ 5. _______________ 6. _______________ 7._______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10. _______________ 三．单项选择 (10*2=20分) 请把答案填在下列表格里 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1.Understanding history is _______ to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. A. useless B. selfless C.vital D. slow 2.The old chairman of the company has acknowledged his elder son _________ his successor.  A.as B. that C.to be D. A&C 3.She insisted that the man who had stolen her wallet to the police station. A.sending B.to be sent C.be sent D. being send 4.She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit. A. which B. who C. as D. that 5. My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A. that B. whose C. his D. who 6. I had told the manager the reason,______I didn’t attend the meeting. A. why B. for which C. that D. which 7.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ____________ it used to charge. A. that B. which C. what D. how 8.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 9. It is ________ that he has made great progress. A. apparent B.kind C.afraid D. nervous 10. As is reported, it has been 100 years since Tsinghua University ___________. A. was found B. found C.founded D. was founded 四、 阅读理解。（每小题10分*3=30分） The Nobel Prize（诺贝尔奖） Winners in Literature(文学) Rabindranath Tagore (1913) Prize motivation： “because of his deep sensitive（文学感受力强的）， fresh and beautiful poetry， with perfect skill， he has made his poetic thought， expressed in his own English words， a part of the literature of the West” William Faulkner (1949) Prize motivation：“for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel” Ernest Miller Hemingway (1954) Prize motivation：“for his mastery of the art of narrative， most recently demonstrated in The Old Man and the Sea. John Steinbeck(1962) Prize motivation： “for his realistic and imaginative writings， combining as they do sympathetic humour and keen social perception” Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill(1953) Prize motivation：“for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant speech skills in defending noble human values” Claude Simon (1985) Prize motivation：“who in his novel combines the poet's and the painter's creativeness with a deepened awareness of time in the description of the human condition” Mo Yan (2012) Prize motivation：“he， with dreamlike realism， combines folk tales， history and the contemporary” Bob Dylan (2016) Prize motivation：“for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition” 1. Which writer won Nobel Prize for his poetry? A. William Faulkner. 　 B. Bob Dylan. 　 C. Rabindranath Tagore. 　 D. Claude Simon. 2. Which writer won Noble Prize for his specific work instead of his lifelong achievements? A. Ernest Hemingway. B. John Steinbeck. C. William Faulkner. D. Winston Churchill. 3. Whose works will you turn to if you are interested in a song writing Nobel Prize winner? A. Mo Yan's. B. Bob Dylan's. C. Claude Simon's. D. Rabindranath Tagore's. 请把答案填在下列表格里 1 2 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ U1 选择性必修一 限时训练1 姓名： 班级： 座号： 分数： 本卷总分100分 一．单词拼写（10*2=20分） 1.Artemisinin(青蒿素) is a _______(至关重要的) new treatment for malaria. 2.Tu Youyou, a ___________(尽心尽力的) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo,China. 3.I am going to attend a ___________(学术的) meeting this afternoon. 4.Her team examined over 2000 old medical texts, and ________(评估) 28000 plant for their medical properties. 5.A team of scientists with the _______(目标) of discovering a new treatment for malaria. 6.They discovered and tested 380 ________(有区别的) ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise against malaria. 7.He did not _______(承认) his mistakes. 8.Tu Youyou would not admit _______(失败). 9.Artemisinin has become a v_____ part of treatment for malaria. 10. Yesterday,he ________(获得) a car by working hard for three months. 1. crucial 2.committed 3.academic 4.evaluated 5.objective 6.distinct 7.acknowledge 8.defeat 9.vital 10.obtained 二、课文填空（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分） 根据前后文语境，选择适合的词进行填空，答案必须和课文原文一样，否则不给分。 crucial saved became research recovered value spread extract tested medicine objective evaluated obtained stuck concluded TU YOUYOU AWARDED NOBEL PRIZE 6 October 2015 This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of artemisinin, a 1 new treatment for malaria. Artemisinin has 2 hundreds of thousands of lives, and has led to improved health for millions of people. Over 200 million people around the world get malaria each year, and about 600,000 die from it. Artemisinin has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria, and is thought to save 100,000 lives a year in Africa alone. Tu Youyou, a committed and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China, on 30 December 1930, and graduated from Peking University Medical School in 1955. After she graduated, she worked at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Beijing. In 1967, the Chinese government formed a team of scientists with the 3 of discovering a new treatment for malaria, and Tu Youyou was among the first researchers chosen. In the beginning, Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients. In 1969, she became the head of the project in Beijing, and decided to review ancient Chinese medical texts to find traditional botanical treatments for the disease. Her team examined over 2, 000 old medical texts, and 4 280,000 plants for their medical properties. From their research, they discovered and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments that showed promise in the fight against malaria. One medical text from the fourth century suggested using the extract from sweet wormwood to treat a fever. Tu’s team tested a collection of dried wormwood leaves but found no effect. They then tried boiling fresh wormwood, and using the liquid 5 from this to treat malaria, but this did not work, either. Their project got 6 . However, Tu Youyou would not acknowledge defeat . She analysed the medical texts again, and by chance, she found one sentence suggesting a different way to treat the wormwood. She 7 that boiling the sweet wormwood apparently destroyed its medical properties. Using a lower temperature to draw out the extract, she found a substance that worked. After failing more than 190 times, the team finally succeeded in 1971. Tu Youyou and her team members even insisted on testing the medicine on themselves to make sure that it was safe. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom 8 . This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a standard treatment for malaria. According to Tu Youyou, the discovery of artemisinin was a team effort. Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize, she said, “The honour is not just mine. There is a team behind me, and all the people of my country. This success proves the great 9 of traditional Chinese medicine. It is indeed an honour for China’s scientific research and Chinese medicine to be 10 around the world.” 1. crucial 2.saved 3.objective 4.evaluated 5.obtained 6.stuck 7.concluded 8.recovered 9.value 10.spread 三．单项选择 (10*2=20分) 请把答案填在下列表格里 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C D C A B B B C A D 1.Understanding history is _______ to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. A. useless B. selfless C.vital D. slow 2.The old chairman of the company has acknowledged his elder son _________ his successor.  A.as B. that C.to be D. A&C 3.She insisted that the man who had stolen her wallet to the police station. A.sending B.to be sent C.be sent D. being send 4.She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit. A. which B. who C. as D. that 5. My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A. that B. whose C. his D. who 6. I had told the manager the reason,______I didn’t attend the meeting. A. why B. for which C. that D. which 7.We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of ____________ it used to charge. A. that B. which C. what D. how 8.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 9. It is ________ that he has made great progress. A. apparent B.kind C.afraid D. nervous 10. As is reported, it has been 100 years since Tsinghua University ___________. A. was found B. found C.founded D. was founded 四、 阅读理解。（每小题10分*3=30分） The Nobel Prize（诺贝尔奖） Winners in Literature(文学) Rabindranath Tagore (1913) Prize motivation： “because of his deep sensitive， fresh and beautiful poetry， with perfect skill， he has made his poetic thought， expressed in his own English words， a part of the literature of the West” William Faulkner (1949) Prize motivation：“for his powerful and artistically unique contribution to the modern American novel” Ernest Miller Hemingway (1954) Prize motivation：“for his mastery of the art of narrative， most recently demonstrated in The Old Man and the Sea. John Steinbeck(1962) Prize motivation： “for his realistic and imaginative writings， combining as they do sympathetic humour and keen social perception” Sir Winston Leonard Spencer Churchill(1953) Prize motivation：“for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant speech skills in defending noble human values” Claude Simon (1985) Prize motivation：“who in his novel combines the poet's and the painter's creativeness with a deepened awareness of time in the description of the human condition” Mo Yan (2012) Prize motivation：“he， with dreamlike realism， combines folk tales， history and the contemporary” Bob Dylan (2016) Prize motivation：“for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition” 1. Which writer won Nobel Prize for his poetry? A. William Faulkner. 　 B. Bob Dylan. 　 C. Rabindranath Tagore. 　 D. Claude Simon. 2. Which writer won Noble Prize for his specific work instead of his lifelong achievements? A. Ernest Hemingway. B. John Steinbeck. C. William Faulkner. D. Winston Churchill. 3. Whose works will you turn to if you are interested in a song writing Nobel Prize winner? A. Mo Yan's. B. Bob Dylan's. C. Claude Simon's. D. Rabindranath Tagore's. 请把答案填在下列表格里 1 2 3 C A B 语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——文学 语篇导读：本文介绍了几位诺贝尔文学奖获得者获奖的原因。 (　　)1. Which writer won Nobel Prize for his poetry? A. William Faulkner. 　 B. Bob Dylan. 　 C. Rabindranath Tagore. 　 D. Claude Simon. 解析C　细节理解题。根据第一位诺贝尔奖获得者部分描述可知，Rabindranath Tagore是因为他的诗歌而获得诺贝尔奖的，故选C项。 (　　)2. Which writer won Noble Prize for his specific work instead of his lifelong achievements? A. Ernest Hemingway. B. John Steinbeck. C. William Faulkner. D. Winston Churchill. 解析A　细节理解题。根据第三位诺贝尔奖获得者部分描述可知，Ernest Miller Hemingway因其具体的作品而不是毕生的成就而获得诺贝尔奖，故选A项。 (　　)3. Whose works will you turn to if you are interested in a song writing Nobel Prize winner? A. Mo Yan's. B. Bob Dylan's. C. Claude Simon's. D. Rabindranath Tagore's. 解析B　细节理解题。根据最后一位诺贝尔奖获得者部分描述可知，如果你对一位诺贝尔奖获得者的歌曲创作感兴趣，你将转向Bob Dylan的作品，故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ U1 选择性必修一 限时训练2 姓名： 班级： 座号： 分数： 本卷总分100分 1． 单词拼写（10*2=20分） 1. The general t______ of relatively and the famous formula E=mc². 2. Albert Einstein is not only a g______; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. 3. We should be kind and _____(温柔的)to people. 4. John is a who is full of ________(热情) and kind-hearted. 5. His method of solving math problems is _________(不一般的). 6. He _______(逐渐地) become famous throughout the world as the new Issac Newton. 7. As a c___________, he had to flee Germany. 8. Einstein often __________(遇到) people on the street who ask him to help explain things. 9. After graduation from college， he took up a _________(任职) as a sales manager. 10. Many __________(教授) gather in the classroom to discuss a difficult question. 1. theory 2. genius 3. gentle 4.passion 5. extraordinary 6. gradually 7.consequence 8. encountered 9. position 10. professors 2、 单项选择 (10*2=20分) 请把答案填在下列表格里 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 A C B A A D B A C D 1. In 2004, I moved to New York to_________ a position at The New Yorker. A. take up B. took up C. make up D. catch up 2.When Hitler__________, many people were forced to leave their country. A. come to power B. take into power C. came to power D. being in power 3.Both sides ______________ settle the problem peacefully. A. Committed to B. committed themselves to C. commit themselves to D.make a commit to 4. I will always remember the first lesson ______________was given by Miss Liu. A. that B. which C. what D. how 5.I don’t know the reason ______________he said so. A.why B. which C. what D. how 6.He has three sons, none of ___________is an engineer. A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 7. Opposite is a park, ___________you can hear some lovely music. A. which B.where C. whose D. whom 8.The number of smokers, ___________is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A.as B. which C.who D. that 9.The books on the desk, ___________covers are shiny, are prizes for us. A. which B.where C. whose D. whom 10.The famous basketball star, _____tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where　 B which　 C. whose D. who 三、语法填空（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. He made 1 (number)contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc². Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, despite 2 (obtain) exceptional scores in maths and physics. After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of 3 strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, 4 was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university. In 1922, he was 5 (award) the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic 6 (institution) closed to him. As a consequence, he had to feel Germany. After spending time in Europe, he 7 (final) took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following that, he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics. To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric 8 (shocked). Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends’ birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbors. There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. In fact, Einstein often 9 (encounter)people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such occasions, he finally started saying, “ Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am 10 (mistake)for Professor Einstein!” On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 1.numerous 2.obtaining 3. a 4.which 5. awarded 6.institutions 7.finally 8. shock 9. encountered 10. mistaken 四、 阅读七选五。（每小题6分*5=30分） Johannes Gutenberg was chosen to be the most important figure(人物) of the past millennium(千年) by the media. You may not be familiar with him. 1. Gutenberg is praised for having invented the printing press（印刷机） and therefore preparing the way for printing books. He was born into a wealthy family in the city of Mainz， Germany. In 1428， he moved to Strasbourg and lived there for almost 20 years. 2. Gutenberg used his skills in metalwork for the mass production of books. 3. That means that each copy of the Catholic Bible（天主教圣经） and all of its 73 books were painstakingly handwritten by penmen. Gutenberg fashioned a font(字体) of over 300 characters， far larger than the fonts of today. To make this possible， he invented the variable-width mold(模具) and perfected the mixture of materials used by type factories. 4. Between 1450 and 1455， while preparing to produce a large Latin Bible（拉丁文圣经）， Gutenberg is thought to have printed a number of smaller books， a calendar， and so on. The Bible of 42 Lines， the oldest surviving printed book in the Western world， was completed by August 15，1456. The invention of the modern printing press changed the way information was delivered. 5. Even today in the computer age， we rely heavily on the printed word or text for instruction， information， and for the pleasure of reading literature. A. Gutenberg made the world a much richer place. B. But he has certainly influenced your life in some ways. C. Gutenberg's idea was one of the greatest of all mankind. D. By 1450， Gutenberg was back in Mainz at work on a printing press. 请把答案填在下列表格里 1 2 3 4 5 B G F D E 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物 语篇导读：本文讲述了德国印刷机的发明者约翰内斯·谷登堡对世界的影响。 1. 解析B　转折关系。上文说约翰内斯·谷登堡被媒体选为过去千年中最重要的人物。空处承上启下，下一句说明谷登堡是一个对国家乃至国际都作出了巨大贡献的人，所以他一定在某些方面影响了我们的生活，influenced your life呼应the most important figure，故选B项。 2. 解析G　顺承关系。联系上下文，可以推理得出大概是在斯特拉斯堡，他第一次尝试活字印刷的实验。in Strasbourg呼应moved to Strasbourg，with moveable type呼应the mass production of books，故选G项。 3. 解析F　解释关系。下一句说明在谷登堡思想传播之前，文学主要是手写的。handwritten呼应handwritten by penmen，故选F项。 4. 解析D　顺承关系。根据下一句可知，该空讲述了谷登堡在1450前的所做的事情。By 1450呼应Between 1450 and 1455。at work on a printing press呼应a number of smaller books， a calendar， and so on，故选D项。 5. 解析E　并列关系。联系上下文可知，空处讲的是现代印刷机对全世界带来的影响，故选E项(这项发明对全世界的大众教育起到积极作用)。it指代的是The invention of the modern printing press。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ U1 X1重点词块 (一)背阅读单词——会认就行　 1．physiology n.生理学；生理机能 2．property n.性质；特征；财产 3．extract n. 提取物；摘录 vt.提取；提炼；摘录；(用力)拔出 4．liquid n. 液体 adj.液体的；液态的 5．substance n. 物质；物品；事实根据 6．flow n. 流；流动；流畅；供应 vi. 流；流动 7．chart n. 图表 vt.记录；制订计划 8．politician n.从政者；政治家；政客 9．numerous adj.众多的；许多的 10．formula n. 公式；方程式；配方 11．genius n.天才；天资；天赋 12．doctorate n.博士学位 13．extraordinary adj.不一般的；非凡的；意想不到的 14．photoelectric adj. 光电的 15．institution n. 社会公共机构；制度；习俗 16．institute n.(教育、专业等)机构；机构建筑 17．moustache n.上唇的胡子；髭 18．peculiarity n.个性；特点；怪异的性质 19．mourn vt.&vi.哀悼；忧伤 20．device n. 方法；技巧；装置；仪器 21．draft n.草稿；草案 vt.起草；草拟 (二)背重点单词——写对才行　 1.vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 2．boil vt. & vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n.沸腾；沸点 3．obtain vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在；流行 4．defeat n.失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜 5．mostly adv. 主要地；一般地 6．flee vi.&vt.迅速离开；逃跑 7．circumstance n.条件；环境；状况 8．found vt.创建；建立；把……建立在 9．infer vt.推断；推定 10．theory n.理论；学说 11．patent n. 专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj. 有专利的；受专利保护的 12．passion n. 酷爱；激情 13．encounter vt. 偶然碰到；遇到 n.邂逅；遭遇 14．professor n.教授 15．remarkable adj.非凡的；显著的 16．sum vi. 总结；概括 n.金额；款项；总数；总和 (三)背拓展单词——用准才行　 1．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的→crucially adv.关键地；至关重要地 2．commit vt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→ committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→commitment n．承诺；保证；投入；奉献 3．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→academic adj.学业的；学术的 4．object n．目标；物体；宾语vt.提出……作为反对的理由vi.反对；拒绝→objective n．目标；目的adj.客观的 5．botany n．植物学→botanical adj.植物学的 6．evaluate vt.评价；评估→evaluation n．评估；评价 7．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→distinction n．区别；差别；特性 8．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→acknowledgement n．承认；感谢 9．analyse vt.分析→analysis n．分析；分析结果 10．apparent adj.明显的；显而易见的→apparently adv.显而易见；看来；显然 11．science n．科学→scientific adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→scientist n．科学家 12．conclude vt.推断；结束，终止→conclusion n. 结论；推论 13．novel n．(长篇)小说→novelist n．小说家 14．relative adj.相对的 n．亲属→ relativity n．相对论；相对性→relatively adv.相对地 15．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→gently adv.轻柔地；温柔地 16．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地 17．consequence n. 结果；后果→consequent adj.随之发生的→consequently adv.因此，所以 [语境活用] 1．Professor Zhang, a committed scientist, committed himself to go on helping more students in his last speech. His commitment was praised by people.(commit) 2．He insisted on respecting objective reality, so he objected to doing things only by guessing.(object) 3．He acknowledged that Tom had helped him a lot so he wrote a letter in acknowledgement of his help.(acknowledge) 4．It is apparent that he is curious what the liquid is. Apparently, he didn't know it was really poisonous.(apparent) 5．As a child, he showed great interest in science and wanted to be a scientist. Now he is committed to doing scientific researches. (science) 6．He concluded that Tom's injury led to his team's defeat in the game. His conclusion was the same as others'.(conclude) 7．Recovery from the disease is very gradual.But as long as you insist on taking medicine, you will gradually pick up.(gradual) 8．People try to prevent the global warming and its consequent damage to the earth. Consequently, people should take action quickly to avoid serious consequences. (consequence) (四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行 1．lead to　 致使；使得；导致 2．die from 死于 3．commit oneself to (sth./doingsth./do sth.)承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) 4．insist on 坚决要求 5．make sure 确保 6．wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 7．draw out 取出；拟订 8．flow chart 流程图 9．make contributions to 对……做贡献 10．due to 由于 11．come to power (开始)掌权；上台 12．take up a position 担任；任职 13．make great achievements 取得巨大的成就 14．pass away 去世 15．base on 以……为基础/根据 16．put forward 提出；拨快；提前 17．in particular 特别；尤其 18．make a living 谋生 19．open up 开发；开放；开拓 20．sum up 总结；概括 21．by chance 偶然；碰巧 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ U1 选择性必修一 限时训练2 姓名： 班级： 座号： 分数： 本卷总分100分 1． 单词拼写（10*2=20分） 1. The general t______ of relatively and the famous formula E=mc². 2. Albert Einstein is not only a g______; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. 3. We should be kind and _____(温柔的)to people. 4. John is a who is full of ________(热情) and kind-hearted. 5. His method of solving math problems is _________(不一般的). 6. He _______(逐渐地) become famous throughout the world as the new Issac Newton. 7. As a c___________, he had to flee Germany. 8. Einstein often __________(遇到) people on the street who ask him to help explain things. 9. After graduation from college， he took up a _________(任职) as a sales manager. 10. Many __________(professor) gather in the classroom to discuss a difficult question. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4._______________ 5. _______________ 6. _______________ 7._______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10. _______________ 2、 单项选择 (10*2=20分) 请把答案填在下列表格里 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1. In 2004, I moved to New York to_________ a position at The New Yorker. A. take up B. took up C. make up D. catch up 2.When Hitler__________, many people were forced to leave their country. A. come to power B. take into power C. came to power D. being in power 3.Both sides ______________ settle the problem peacefully. A. Committed to B. committed themselves to C. commit themselves to D.make a commit to 4. I will always remember the first lesson ______________was given by Miss Liu. A. that B. which C. what D. how 5.I don’t know the reason ______________he said so. A.why B. which C. what D. how 6.He has three sons, none of ___________is an engineer. A. which B. its C. whose D. whom 7. Opposite is a park, ___________you can hear some lovely music. A. which B.where C. whose D. whom 8.The number of smokers, ___________is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year. A.as B. which C.who D. that 9.The books on the desk, ___________covers are shiny, are prizes for us. A. which B.where C. whose D. whom 10.The famous basketball star, _____tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. where　 B which　 C. whose D. who 三、语法填空（共10小题；每小题3分，满分30分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Albert Einstein, who is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. He made 1 (number)contributions to the world, the most well-known being the general theory of relativity and the famous formula E=mc². Einstein was not only a genius; he was a courageous and kind figure loved by many people. This gentle genius was born in Germany on 14 March 1879. When he was 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam, despite 2 (obtain) exceptional scores in maths and physics. After studying for another year, he managed to pass the exam, entering university in 1896 and graduating in 1900. After two years of looking for work as a teacher, Einstein took a job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of 3 strong passion for knowledge, he continued to study, earning a doctorate in physics in 1905. That same year, 4 was later recorded as a miracle year in science, he published four extraordinary physics papers. Following this, he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. After four years, he was able to quit his job at the patent office and enter research full-time at a university. In 1922, he was 5 (award) the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his explanation of the photoelectric effect. Circumstances changed in 1933, when Hitler came to power in Germany. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic 6 (institution) closed to him. As a consequence, he had to feel Germany. After spending time in Europe, he 7 (final) took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA. Following that, he continued to make great achievements in physics and mathematics. To the public, he was seen as a slightly odd-looking but kind and funny man. He had a thick moustache and long white hair, which sometimes stood on end as though he had just received an electric 8 (shocked). Although he was a genius, he sometimes forgot things, like his friends’ birthdays. But despite his peculiarities, he was loved by his friends and neighbors. There is even a story about how he helped a little girl who knocked on his door and asked for help with her homework. In fact, Einstein often 9 (encounter)people on the street who would stop him and ask him to help explain things. After many such occasions, he finally started saying, “ Pardon me! Sorry! Always I am 10 (mistake)for Professor Einstein!” On 18 April 1955, it was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 1._______________ 2. _______________ 3. _______________ 4._______________ 5. _______________ 6. _______________ 7._______________ 8. _______________ 9. _______________ 10. _______________ 四、 阅读七选五。（每小题6分*5=30分） Johannes Gutenberg was chosen to be the most important figure(人物) of the past millennium(千年) by the media. You may not be familiar with him. 1. Gutenberg is praised for having invented the printing press（印刷机） and therefore preparing the way for printing books. He was born into a wealthy family in the city of Mainz， Germany. In 1428， he moved to Strasbourg and lived there for almost 20 years. 2. Gutenberg used his skills in metalwork for the mass production of books. 3. That means that each copy of the Catholic Bible（天主教圣经） and all of its 73 books were painstakingly handwritten by penmen. Gutenberg fashioned a font(字体) of over 300 characters， far larger than the fonts of today. To make this possible， he invented the variable-width mold(模具) and perfected the mixture of materials used by type factories. 4. Between 1450 and 1455， while preparing to produce a large Latin Bible（拉丁文圣经）， Gutenberg is thought to have printed a number of smaller books， a calendar， and so on. The Bible of 42 Lines， the oldest surviving printed book in the Western world， was completed by August 15，1456. The invention of the modern printing press changed the way information was delivered. 5. Even today in the computer age， we rely heavily on the printed word or text for instruction， information， and for the pleasure of reading literature. A. Gutenberg made the world a much richer place. B. But he has certainly influenced your life in some ways. C. Gutenberg's idea was one of the greatest of all mankind. D. By 1450， Gutenberg was back in Mainz at work on a printing press. 请把答案填在下列表格里 1 2 3 4 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ U1 X1重点词块 (一)背阅读单词——会认就行　 1．physiology 2．property 3．extract 4．liquid 5．substance 6．flow 7．chart 8．politician 9．numerous 10．formula 11．genius 12．doctorate 13．extraordinary 14．photoelectric 15．institution 16．institute 17．moustache 18．peculiarity 19．mourn 20．device 21．draft (二)背重点单词——写对才行　 1. adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 2． vt. & vi.(使)沸腾；煮开；烧开 n.沸腾；沸点 3． vt. (尤指经努力)获得；赢得 vi. (规章、习俗等)存在；流行 4． n.失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜 5． adv. 主要地；一般地 6． vi.&vt.迅速离开；逃跑 7． n.条件；环境；状况 8． vt.创建；建立；把……建立在 9． vt.推断；推定 10. n.理论；学说 11． n. 专利；专利证书；获得专利 adj. 有专利的；受专利保护的 12． n. 酷爱；激情 13． vt. 偶然碰到；遇到 n.邂逅；遭遇 14． n.教授 15． adj.非凡的；显著的 16． vi. 总结；概括 n.金额；款项；总数；总和 (三)背拓展单词——用准才行　 1．crucial adj.至关重要的；关键性的→ adv.关键地；至关重要地 2．commit vt.承诺；保证vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等)→ adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的；坚信的→ n．承诺；保证；投入；奉献 3．academy n．(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院；学会；专科院校→ adj.学业的；学术的 4．object n．目标；物体；宾语vt.提出……作为反对的理由vi.反对；拒绝 → n．目标；目的adj.客观的 5．botany n．植物学→ adj.植物学的 6．evaluate vt.评价；评估→ n．评估；评价 7．distinct adj.清晰的；清楚的；有区别的→ n．区别；差别；特性 8．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢→ n．承认；感谢 9．analyse vt.分析→ n．分析；分析结果 10．apparent adj.明显的；显而易见的→ adv.显而易见；看来；显然 11．science n．科学→ adj.科学(上)的；关于科学的→ n．科学家 12．conclude vt.推断；结束，终止→ n. 结论；推论 13．novel n．(长篇)小说→ n．小说家 14．relative adj.相对的 n．亲属→ n．相对论；相对性→ adv.相对地 15．gentle adj.温柔的；文静的→ adv.轻柔地；温柔地 16．gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→ adv.逐渐地；逐步地 17．consequence n. 结果；后果→ adj.随之发生的→ adv.因此，所以 [语境活用] 1．Professor Zhang, a scientist, himself to go on helping more students in his last speech. His commitment was praised by people.(commit) 2．He insisted on respecting reality, so he to doing things only by guessing.(object) 3．He that Tom had helped him a lot so he wrote a letter in of his help.(acknowledge) 4．It is that he is curious what the liquid is. , he didn't know it was really poisonous.(apparent) 5．As a child, he showed great interest in science and wanted to be a . Now he is committed to doing researches. (science) 6．He that Tom's injury led to his team's defeat in the game. His was the same as others'.(conclude) 7．Recovery from the disease is very .But as long as you insist on taking medicine, you will pick up.(gradual) 8．People try to prevent the global warming and its damage to the earth. , people should take action quickly to avoid serious . (consequence) (四)背高频单词——先“记牢”再“用活”，不背绝对不行 1． 致使；使得；导致 2． 死于 3． 承诺；保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) 4． 坚决要求 5． 确保 6． (正常使用造成的)磨损；损耗 7． 取出；拟订 8． 流程图 9． 对……做贡献 10． 由于 11． (开始)掌权；上台 12． 担任；任职 13． 取得巨大的成就 14． 去世 15． 以……为基础/根据 16． 提出；拨快；提前 17． 特别；尤其 18． 谋生 19． 开发；开放；开拓 20． 总结；概括 21． 偶然；碰巧 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$