Unit 1 Science and Scientists 基础过关小卷-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

XB2 U1 Science and Scientists I. 词性转换 1. severe adj.十分严重的;严厉的→___________adv.严重地;严厉地→severity n.严重;严厉 2. frustrated adj. 懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的→____________ vt.使懊恼;使沮丧→___________ adj.令人懊恼的;令人沮丧的→_____________ n. 沮丧;受挫 3. ______________ adj.相互矛盾的;对立的;不一致的→contradict vt.与……抵触;与……矛盾 4. ______________ n.感染;传染→infect vt.使感染;传染→ ______________ adj.受感染的→ ______________ adj.传染的；有感染力的 5. ______________ vi.认购(股份);定期订购;定期交纳（会费）→subscriber n.订阅者;用户→ ______________ n.订阅（费） 6.____________ n.证据；证明；检验→prove v.证明 7. ____________ adj.数量多的;多种多样的→multiply v.乘;(使)倍增;繁殖→multiplication n.乘法;倍增 8. suspect  v. 怀疑;不信任 n.嫌疑人;可疑对象→ suspicion n.怀疑→___________ adj.可疑的 9._____________ n.介入;出面;干涉→intervene  v.介入;出面;干涉 10. pure adj.干净的;纯的;纯粹的→purity n.纯洁;纯净;纯粹→ ___________ vt.净化;使纯净 11. ____________ vt. 使改观;使改变形态 vi. 改变;转变→transformation  n.改观;转变;改革 12. finding n.发现；调查结果；(法律）判决→____________vt.发现；找到 13. initial adj. 最初的；开始的；第一的→_____________ adv. 最初；开始 14. theory n. 理论;原理→ ____________adj. 理论（上）的→theoretically adv.理论地;理论上地 15. patriotic adj.爱国的→ ____________adv.→____________n.爱国者→patriotism n.爱国主义 16. __________adj.机械的;发动机的→mechanic n.机械师;机械修理工→____________n.力学;机械学 17. defend vt.保卫;防守;辩解→___________n.保卫;防守;辩解→defensive adj.防御的;戒备的18. assistant n.助理；助手→assist v.帮助；协助→___________n.帮助；援助 19. ____________n.领导;领导地位/才能→lead v.带领;引领→leader n.领导者→mislead v.误导 20. ____________adj. 有天赋的；有天才的；天资聪慧的→gift n. 礼物；天赋 21. ____________ n. 天文学家→ astronomy n. 天文学 22. brilliant adj.聪颖的；绝妙的；明亮的→______________ n.明亮；才华 23. vivid adj.生动的；鲜明的；丰富的→_____________ adv.生动地；鲜明地 24. ___________ adj.稳定的；平稳的；稳步的→steadily adv.稳定地；平稳地 25.think v.认为；觉得→_____________ n.思想;思维;见解 II. 单词拼写 1. Exercising is essential to everybody because it makes you more awake and ready to h__________ whatever is ahead of you for the day. 2. He said he had not discussed the matter with her. F___________, he had not even contacted her. 3. The sun shone through the leaves, throwing s____________ on the lawn. 4. Sometimes it may be helpful to use examples to explain a__________ concepts. 5. The drama course gives students a s_____________ grounding in the  basic techniques of acting. 6. Being addicted to online shopping for too long will greatly ____________ (减少） people’s desire to take part in social activities. 7. Media attention has ____________ (转移) recently onto environmental issues. 8.The first draft of his novel needed a _____________ (大量的） amount of rewriting. 9. Over the last two decades, _____________ (家庭) water consumption per head in  London has increased by 22%. 10. Scientists collected more ___________(数据） than expected to prove the theory. 11. It is very difficult to define the ___________ (概念) of beauty, since different  people have different ideas about it. 12. The building has a flexible__________(框架) so that it can survive an earthquake. III. 单句语法填空 1. I've never subscribed to the view ________ either sex is superior ______ the other. 2. _________ (obvious), there is _________ direct link between the disease and diet. 3. The rain came _________ (pour) down , so the football game_________ (cancel). 4. There are concerns _________ a new civil war may break out if no _________ (solve) is found. 5. __________ is known to all, white blood cells enable us_________(defend) the  body against __________ (infect). 6. ____________(initial), most of the players in the team were unwilling _________ (accept) the defeat. 7. In the absence of _________(prove), the police couldn't take action against the man. 8. I know you are ___________ , but here is no need to vent (发泄) your __________ on me. (frustrate)  9. This _________ device is out of order you'd better call in a_________. (mechanic) 10. The reason why he failed was ___________ he hadn't studied hard. 11. He looks ___________ he was ill so my advice is that he ___________ (see) the  doctor right away. 12. You are saying that everyone should be the same and this is_________ I disagree. 13.  What puzzles lily's friends is  __________ she always has so many crazy ideas 14.  My problem is  ____________ coat is suitable for me. 15.  The key is ____________ we can strike a balance between work and life. IV. 短语填空 suspect...of... be/get infected with be to blame for in charge (of) get down to subscribe to get a better understanding of as a result of be linked to/with conduct research into be of critical importance trace back to attend to come down thanks to be likely to have sth done above all be gifted in  on the decrease  under one's leadership 1.Taking physical exercise regularly is an effective way to avoid ____________the flu. 2.The rich man is said _____________ a large amount of money _____________ the  collection for the hospital last week. 3. The man with a bag _____________ carrying drugs, so the police went through  his bag, but found nothing. 4. Not only you but also Tom _____________ the traffic accident. 5. Instead of _____________ a new task as I had expected, he examined the previous work again. 6. I'll take the blame for the failure of the project because I was _______________ it. 7. It is ____________ for us students to build up confidence and make intense efforts. 8. It is commonly known that certain diseases __________occupations like coal miner. 9._______________ a heavy fall of rain, all our plans fell through. 10. Only by reading more books, will you _______________ the world. 11. The history of paper-cutting can ________________ 1,500 years ago. 12. Medical workers ________________the patients carefully who were infected with  the deadly germs. V. 翻译句子 1. 我是如此的懊恼，以至于泪水像洪水一样顺着脸颊流下来。 (用倒装句）____________________________________________________________________. 2.李四光1889年10月26日出生于湖北黄冈，被认为是“中国地质学之父”。 ___________________________________________________________________. 3.你头疼得厉害，那是因为你太累了。（一句多译） ___________________________________________________________________. 4. 她看起来很伤心，似乎已经知道了真相。（一句多译） ___________________________________________________________________. 5. 通过John不懈的努力，他终于实现了他的梦想，成为了家喻户晓的名人。 ____________________________________________________________________. 6. 许多科学家都赞同是人类活动造成了全球变暖这一观点。 ___________________________________________________________________. 7. 一个运动员在他活跃的时候为人所知，而在他运动生活结束后很快被人忘记，这是很正常。 ____________________________________________________________________. 8.使他成为如此杰出而有创造力的科学家的原因可能是他对音乐和绘画的强烈爱好。 ____________________________________________________________________. XB1 U5答案 I. 词性转换 1.  severely  2. frustrate；frustrating; frustration  3. contradictory 4.  infection; infected ; infectious 5. subscribe; subscription  6. proof  8.  multiple 8. suspicious 9. intervention 10.purify 11. transform 12. find  13.  initially  14. theoretical 15. patriotically; patriot  16. mechanical mechanics  17. defence  18. assistance 19. leadership  20. gifted  21. astronomer  22. brilliance 23. vividly24. steady 25. thinking II. 单词拼写 1. handle 2. furthermore 3. shadows 4. abstract 5. solid 6.decrease 7. shifted 8. substantial 9. household 10.statistics 11. concept 12.framework III. 单句语法填空 1. that, to 2. Obviously, a 3. pouring, was canceled 4. that, solution 5. As, to defend, infection 6. Initially; to accept 7. proof 8.frustrated; frustration 9.mechanical ; mechanic 10. that 11.as if ; (should) see 12. where 13.why 14.  which/what  15.  whether/ how IV. 短语填空 1. being/getting infected with 2. to subscribe, to 3. was suspected of 4. are to blame for 5. getting down to 6. in charge of 7. of critical importance 8. are linked to 9. As a result of 10. get a better understanding of 11. be traced back to 12. attended to V. 翻译句子 1. I was so frustrated that tears poured down my cheeks like a flood. 2. Born on October 26, 1889 in Huanggang, Hubei Province, Li Siguang is considered the Father of Geology in China. 3. The reason why you’ve had a bad headache is that you are too tired. =You’ve had a bad headache. That’s because you are too tired. 4. She looked sad and seemed to have known the truth =She looked sad and it seemed that she had known the truth. =Looking sad, she seemed to have known the truth. 4. Through John’s tireless efforts, he eventually fulfilled his dream, becoming a household name. 5. Many scientists subscribe to the view that it is human activity that has  caused global warming. 7. It's not unusual for an athlete to be well known while he is active， and  quickly forgotten when his athletic career is over. 8. What might have made him such an outstanding and creative scientist  was probably his strong interest in music and drawing. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$