寒假作业11 语法填空特训 -【寒假分层作业】2025年九年级英语寒假培优练（人教版）

专题11 语法填空特训 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练 语法填空解题技巧 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 （1）考点分布一般比较均匀，除动词外，考点一般不重复。 【分配：名词 + 动词*2 + 形容词 + 副词 + 冠词 + 介词 + 连词 + 连接词 + 代词】 （2）有提示词均需要变形，且变形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案时可以根据考点依次带入排除。（比如四个无提示词的填空已经填入了冠词、介词、连词，则剩下的大概率是三大从句的连接词或者疑问词） 考点1：名词 名词的形式变化主要有可数名词单数复数、名词所有格、词性转变、固定搭配。 1、 名词单复数（依据：横线前有表示复数的词如a few，lots of，these，those，或者数量词等，或者there be句型中be动词为复数are或were形式） 2、 名词所有格（依据：横线后又是名词且提示词的名词对后面的名词不形成修饰关系，而形成从属关系） 3、 名词词性变化（依据：根据前后文词性判断名词是否要变化成相应的形容词、副词、动词等） 4、 固定搭配[*无提示型]（固定词组与表达方式，如pay___to首先想到attention） 【例1】There are many tall (build) in our city. 解析：根据其前的many可知其后用名词复数形式, build 的名词为building,故填写buildings,意为“建筑物，房子”。 【例2】Can you tell me some (different) between the two new words? 解析： 根据其前的some可知此处用different的名词difference的复数形式differences,意为“差别,差异”。 【例3】Home rules should be special to your __________ (family) needs. 解析： 根据其前的your可知后面必须是名词，而needs已经是名词形式了，所以此时只需要考虑family这个词与needs之间的关系不是修饰而是从属，所以为family’s。 考点2：动词【两大方向：谓语动词与非谓语动词】 1、 时态 + 语态 （依据1：前后文的时态和形式，或者时间状语； 依据2：特殊句型； 依据3：前后文的被动关系） 2、 非谓语动词的三种形式 [doing,，done，to do]（根据固定的搭配形式来改变动词形式，如want to do就要把do变to do，finish doing就要把do变doing） 【注意】实义动词与实义动词是不可能以两个动词原形的形式直接衔接在一起的，后面一个一定会变形。 比如实义动词want，play，practice在一起，可以形成want play（错），want to play（对），practice to play（错），practice playing（对） 因此，当做到动词题的时候一定要往前一个词看，找是否有实义动词，如果有，则横线上填写的动词肯定是非谓语动词的三种形式之一。【…动词 ______(动词)】 如果横线与前一个动词之间还夹着别的成分，那需要按着语法来判断。【…动词 + 代词/名词 + ______(动词)】 【用to do的其他形式】 1、后置定语（动词不定式在句中作定语时一般都要放在所修饰名词或代词的后面） 如： 1、a chance to do sth 做某事的一个机会 2、the way to do sth 做某事的办法 3、the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间 4、something to eat 一些吃的东西 5、something to drink 一些喝的东西 6、a lot of work to do 许多要做的工作 7、get / have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会 2、It’s+形容词（adj.）+for(of) +sb +to do sth对某人来说做某事怎么样 【分析】形容词（adj.）修饰文中的事情既to do sth时，人前的介词用for ； 但是如果形容词（adj.）修饰文中的人既sb时，人前面的介词用of. ①It’s hard for me to learn English well.（句子 hard 是修饰动词不定式to learn English well，意为学好英语难，所以用的介词是for sb.） ②It’s kind of you to help me.（句中kind“善良的”修饰you(人) 意为你善良，所以介词用of sb.） 3、It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考） 4、It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了 【例1】I (do) my homework at home last Sunday. 解析：根据时间状语last Sunday可知为一般过去时态,故填写do 的过去式did。 【例2】Lucy usually (watch) television on Friday morning! 解析：根据时间状语on Friday morning和频率副词usually可知为一般现在时态，且主语Lucy是第三人称单数，故填写watch 的第三人称单数形式watches。 【例3】In five years’ time,1 (become) a university student. 解析：根据时间状语In five years’ time可知用一般将来时态，故填写will become。 考点3：形容词与副词 1、 形容词比较级与最高级（依据1：比较级看句子中是否有than，最高级看形容词前面是否有the或后面有没有in/of+范围的形式。依据2：横线前有even，much、a little/bit等后面需要用比较级的词） 2、 固定句型（常见的为比较级的相关句型：the more…the more…，more and more。表示建议的句型：had better do sth。表示状态的句型：主语+ be + adj + to do） 3、 形容词副词化（依据：提示词为形容词，空格后有谓语动词或者形容词；或者空格位于句首，用逗号隔开） 4、 动词的ing与ed形式（依据：横线前有be动词或是后面有名词，则用ing形式；横线前有人称代词或人名，则用ed形式） 5、 否定变化（如happy变成unhappy）】 注意：形容词是修饰名词的，而副词是修饰动词、形容词与副词本身的。 【例1】Home is the (warm) place wherever you go. 解析：根据句意“无论你走到哪里，家是最温暖的地方”和定冠词the可知此处用形容词warm的最高级warmest。 【例2】Jim studies better than Tom，but Tom is (friendly) and he has more friends. 解析：句意：吉姆比汤姆学习成绩更好，但是汤姆(对人)更友好，他有更多的朋友。由句中的studies better以及more friends可知，要用形容词friendly 的比较级friendlier，意为“更友好的”。 【例3】We had a football match yesterday. Our fans cheered us on (loud) and we felt more confident. 解析：句意：昨天我们进行了一场足球赛。我们的粉丝们为我们大声地加油，我们感到更加有信心。表示“大声地”应用loudly。 考点4：代词 1、 宾格（横线在谓语动词后面） 2、 形容词性物主代词（横线后面有名词） 3、 名词性物主代词（横线后面没有名词，前面有of或者前面有be动词等动词） 4、 反身代词（横线前有和括号里同一类的且做主语成分的代词，此时把括号内的代词改为反身代词） 5、 不定代词（一般以some/ever/any + thing为主，其次是others，another） 【例1】Do you have (something)to say? 解析： something通常用于肯定句，在疑问句中用anything。故填anything。 【例2】Would you like (every) coffee? 解析：虽然any用于疑问句，但some可以用于表示请求或建议的疑问句中，尤其是some用于向对方请求得到某物。根据句意及语气填写some。 【例3】I bought something for my parents，but nothing for (I). 解析：根据句意“我为我父母买了些东西，但我没有为我自己买什么”可知填写myself。 考点5：数量词考点 1、 基数词变序数词（横线前一般有the） 2、 基数词变次数（一般只考once，twice） 3、 单位词变复数（主要是百-hundred，千-thousand，百万-million，十亿-billion的用法） 注意： 300名学生——three hundred students（此时hundred后无s） 成百上千名学生——hundreds of students（hundred后有了of则要加s） 成百上千名学生——hundreds upon hundreds of students 【例1】I am to know that (hundred) of people lost their lives in the earthquake. 解析：hundred意为“百”，表示大概数字时用复数且和 of连用。故填写hundreds。 【例2】How many (time) did you go to Beijing last year? 解析：times指“次数，倍数”。 考点6：介词 1、 单一介词（即介词表示某种具体的含义，如方向或时间，能够根据上下文含义推理出来） 2、 动词、形容词、介词词组中的固定搭配，例如：come/be from，fall in love with…… 注意：介词的判断依据除了看有没有词组，还可以依靠横线后的词性，因为介词后面只能接名词性质的词，所以后面要么是名词和代词，要么是动词ing形式。 【例1】It’s great to hear you. I’ll write to you soon. 解析：根据下文I’ll write to you soon.“我将很快写信给你”可知考查固定短语hear from sb.，意为“收到某人来信”。故填写from。 【例2】The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing common. 解析：根据句意“事实是,快乐和幸福是没有共同点的”可知用介词in。in common意为“……相同”。 考点7：连词考点 1、 根据词性判断（空格两边词性或结构一致，大概率是并列连词；一个长句被逗号或横线隔开，左右两边结构完整，有可能是连词构成的复合句） 2、 根据逻辑判断（并列连词都是有很强的逻辑性的，可以根据上下文的意思来判断） 第一看横线前后的词性结构是否一致，如It makes us smart and healthy。此时smart和healthy就属于词性结构一致。 第二看横线前后是否有完整的主谓（宾）结构，如I don't like her because she smokes too much。 左边主谓宾完整，右边主谓完整。 最后看逻辑关系，如果满足第一或第二，只需要把平常常考的连词代入去想就可以了。 【连词总结】 and（常与both组合出现），or（常与either组合出现），but（常与also组合出现，形成not only…but also…），nor（常与neither组合出现），because，so等 注意：however是副词，常用作连词使用，出现的形式是单独在句首，用逗号与后文隔开：however，后句。也可能是放在中间，左右都用逗号隔开：前句，however，后句 考点8：冠词 1、 冠词分类：定冠词（the），不定冠词（a/an），零冠词（一般不考） [空格后面一定有名词，或是被形容词修饰的名词。所以做题一定要注意往横线后面一直看，看有没有名词出现。] 2、 定冠词与不定冠词的区分：the用于特指，第二次出现，形容词最高级。a/an用于泛指，第一次出现，固定搭配。[根据元音音素来判断用a还是an，【特殊例子特殊记】an + hour / honor / honesty；a + useful / university] 3、固定词组与搭配：take a walk，have a fever中的a就是固定的，by the way中the也是固定搭配 【例1】It’s unlucky day for me.I lost my new bike this morning. 解析：此处表泛指，故用a或an。根据可数名词day 和空格后的形容词unlucky音标的第一个音素为元音音素，可知应填写冠词an。 【例2】Who is tallest girl in your class? 解析：形容词最高级tallest前用定冠词the。 考点9：句子引导词关系词等【常考的：that / whether / if与各类疑问词等】 【例1】I don’t know often you see your parents.Once a week or once a month? 解析：根据“Once a week or once a month?”可知询问频率，应用how often。how often意为“隔多久”,在此表示频率。故填写how。 【例2】 city do you like better,Beijing or Shanghai? 解析：根据其后的两地比较可知填写Which，意为“哪一个”。 【巩固练习】 A The Chinese character Fu is a necessity in Spring Festival celebrations. It 1 (express) people’s best wishes for the coming new year. The tradition of pasting the character Fu on walls and doors 2 (be) around for a long time. It’s recorded that this tradition has started since Song Dynasty. The character Fu can be pasted either 3 (normal) or upside down, because in Chinese, the “reversed Fư” and “Fu arrives” sound similar, both being pronounced as “Fu dao le”. There is a story about pasting the “reversed Fư”. Zhu Yuanzhang, the 4 (one) emperor of the Ming Dynasty, once used the character Fu as a secret signal to kill a family for insulting (侮辱) his wife—Empress Ma. 5 (avoid) the disaster, the kind-hearted Empress Ma ordered every family to paste the character Fu in front of 6 (they) own doors before the sun rose the next day. But one family pasted the character upside down, because they couldn’t read or write. The next day, when the emperor ordered his soldiers to check, they found the character Fu everywhere, Including the upside-down one. The emperor said angrily to the soldiers. “I 7 (kill) the family who pasted the character differently.” But Empress Ma said to the emperor, “that family pasted the character upside down on purpose. It has the same 8 (mean) as ‘Fu arrives’.” After 9 (hear) this, the emperor immediately 10 (set) the family free. From then on, people began to paste the character Fu upside down for the purpose of hoping for luck and honoring Empress Ma. B On the day after Thanksgiving, Anson and her husband, Alfred, made the 11 (decide) to go to Big Bear Lake for a camping trip. Anson and Alfred picked a camping place. Suddenly, they heard a man’s voice asking 12 help. They 13 (follow) the sound to the bottom of the hill and found a man named Eric. “We end up 14 (find) him.”Anson said. He couldn’t walk. His 15 (foot) were hurt. Anson and Alfred learned that Eric set out from 16 (he) home two weeks ago. No one knew where he was. He didn’t own a phone, either. Anson used her phone to call 911. After Eric was 17 (save), Anson and Alfred continued on their camping trip as planned. That man was so lucky that this couple went 18 (camp) that day. This story is 19 important notice to everyone: Always tell someone 20 you’re going whenever you’re going on a journey! C Parkour (跑酷) is my favorite outdoor sport. I love using my body to move freely and to jump objects in public 21 (place) with only my body and my skill. I also climb and run. Parkour can be 22 hobby, an extreme sport, or an art. In Parkour, you use your body to get 23 one point to another without stopping. Parkour is an excellent exercise because it helps you to keep 24 (health) and fit. It also 25 (make) you brave and confident. Another good thing about Parkour is that it’s very cheap. You 26 (suppose) to be in good physical condition, and you need a good pair of 27 (run) shoes. And that’s all! However, Parkour can be dangerous. If you’re new to Parkour, you need to know and understand the different basic moves. You also need to train a lot so you don’t get hurt 28 (easy). It can take a long time 29 (become) good at Parkour and you can sometimes hurt yourself, but I think it is a perfect way to exercise and discover your 30 (body) potential (潜能). Try it! You feel as if you are flying. 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文、从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was in the first grade of high school when I began to be depressed (忧郁). I didn’t have friends. I could never share my problems. Soon I 1 to go to school for days. I became sensitive (敏感的) and angry. I would even 2 myself in my room for hours. The exams were coming but I simply didn’t care. My parents and teachers were shocked at my bad performance. One morning after my Dad gave me a 3 , I stood at the school gate (大门). As the other students 4 their classrooms, our English teacher found me. Wondering 5 I’d done, she took me to her office. The next 45 minutes was the most 6 time in my life. She said she had noticed a big change in me. She wanted to know why I was so unhappy and why I always didn’t go to school. She took my hand in hers and listened 7 as I spoke out my worries. She then 8 me in her arms as I cried out. No one had tried to understand what the real problem was, but my teacher had done it! Listening to me with such 9 and care. She promised to be my best friend. From then on, I often went to her office and we discussed my problems, hobbies and 10 on my mind. I 11 school every day. 12 the exams came again, I studied hard. When the 13 came out, everybody was pleased. 14 the happiest of all was my English teacher. With tears (眼泪) of 15 she gave me a pen as a prize. Today I have become a happy writer thanks to her. 1．A．agreed B．fought C．refused D．regretted 2．A．keep B．cheer C．educate D．support 3．A．report B．chance C．lesson D．suggestion 4．A．sent B．pushed C．divided D．entered 5．A．what B．when C．who D．where 6．A．interesting B．important C．comfortable D．humorous 7．A．sadly B．hardly C．politely D．patiently 8．A．hit B．hugged C．lifted D．punished 9．A．pride B．request C．process D．attention 10．A．everyone B．everything C．someone D．something 11．A．put up with B．took pride in C．looked up to D．looked forward to 12．A．After B．As C．If D．Although 13．A．causes B．studies C．results D．actions 14．A．Or B．So C．And D．But 15．A．joy B．pain C．kindness D．excitement 二、阅读理解 Jane, a reporter, is collecting information for the local newspaper. She is interested in the following things introduced in a magazine. Smart Schoolbag Forget to pack the books you need into your schoolbag in the morning rush? A schoolboy aged 11 has invented a schoolbag. It tells you which books to pack. A small computer and a scanner (扫描装置) are fixed in the beg. As each book is put into the bag, it is checked by the scanner. If any book is missing, a message will be shown on the computer screen to remind you. Weather Sweets Can you eat weather? A university makes that happen. It uses a 3D printer to create sweets based on the weather information of a certain day. The shapes of the sweets are affected (影响) by wind speed. The colors of the sweets are decided by temperature. The sweets act as a weather record of the day when they are made. Sunrise Bed It’s hard for you to get up in the morning, isn’t it? To help you get up, a company has created a “tool”—a sun rise bed. It wakes you up gently as a sunrise does. Lights built into the bed turn on and start to get brighter and brighter. When the lights are fully on, soft music will begin to play. It will be louder and louder until you turn it off. The company explains, “The gentle light tells your body that it is morning, so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep.” 16．The smart schoolbag has been invented by _________. A．a university B．a schoolboy C．a company D．a reporter 17．________ affect(s) the shapes of the weather sweets. A．Colors B．Temperature C．3D printers D．Wind speed 18．Which of the following shows how a sun rise bed wakes you up? A．lights on→music on→lights brighter→music louder B．music on→music louder→lights on→lights brighter C．lights on→lights brighter→music on→music louder D．music on→lights on→music louder→lights brighter 19．What does the underlined word “it” in Sunrise Bed refer to? A．The light. B．Your body. C．The bed. D．Your room. 三、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根报短文内容，回答下列问题。 If you want to help protect the environment and save the planet, we’ve got some easy ways of going green. ·Avoid food waste Go green and know the important of finishing your meals to avoid food waste. Do your bit to save the planet as well by planning your meals for the week, so you only buy what you need. ·Use reusable bottles Earth Day is a great time for you to drink from reusable water bottles when you’re out and about. You should form good water-saving habits around the house, too. ·Try more plant-based meals Try to eat less meat. It’s a surprisingly simple way we can all use to help save the planet. Try with one day a week to get you start, and then expand to more days when possible. ·Cut down on the air conditioner（空调） Whenever you can, go green and open the window for some natural air. If you can’t live without your air conditioner, set in at between 25℃ and 27℃ for the most energy-efficient（节能的）temperature. ·Wise up to（意识到）recycling You don’t need us to tell you how important it is to reduce, reuse and recycle. Becoming a less “throw away” society is a great message to pass on. Don’t throw away perfectly good things just because you are sick of them, or no longer use them. Instead, give them to others or list them on a free collection site online. ·Know more about nature There’s no better way to know about the environment than by getting yourself outdoors and into nature! Whether it’s raining or sunny, you can know about the environment. 20．How many ways of going green are there in the text? 21．According to the writer, what can we do to avoid food waste? 22．To save energy, what is the right way to use the air conditioner? 23．Do you think it is necessary for us to get ourselves outdoors and into nature? Why? 24．Why did the writer write this text? 25．According to the text, how green are you in your daily life? （一）（2024·四川德阳·中考真题） Mi was born in Sichuan Province. He is a street 1 (art). He has been making clay figurines (泥塑) for 15 years. In 2003, Mi 2 (lose) his hands in an accident. However, he didn’t lose hope for life and he learned to eat and get 3 (dress) on his own. He had to take care 4 his family, so he thought that he must find a way to make money by 5 (him). One day Mi saw 6 old man making clay figurines on the street. Mi was interested in it and decided to learn from him. “The old man didn’t want to teach me 7 I didn’t give up. Finally he agreed 8 (teach) me how to make clay figurines,” Mi said. Learning clay figurines was difficult. However, he never thought of giving up halfway. Now Mi can make a living by making clay figurines. Whenever he sits on the ground to make clay figurines, many people will 9 (quick) come to watch him. 10 (price) are not set for his figurines. People can pay as they like. In this way, each figurine is sold for about 20 yuan. Mi is full of hope for a better future because he knows his hard work is worth it. （二）（2023·湖南娄底·中考真题） When I was in primary school, I seldom helped my parents at home. I thought I should spend my time 11 schoolwork to get good grades. My parents did all the 12 （chore）. I used to make a mess and throw my things everywhere. One day, when my mother went home after work and 13 （find）a lot of rubbish in our house, she got so mad at me. She said to me 14 （serious）, “You must do some housework every day from now on.” I talked back loudly, “It is the parents’ job 15 （provide）a clean and comfortable environment at home.” Now I’m 16 15-year-old middle school student. I have a labor（劳动）class at school every week. The teacher 17 （teach）us how to make food, tidy the room, grow some vegetables and so on. I understand that 18 （do）housework is more difficult than I used to imagine. Thinking back those old days, I regret 19 I have done before. I begin to do more housework, so my parents can have a good rest when they come back from work. They are also proud of my change. In my opinion, we children should be independent and take care of 20 （we）. Because it not only helps us learn many basic skills, but also helps us develop good habits. （三）（2023·贵州·中考真题） Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away water 21 (bottle) or other plastic. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind 22 rain can move garbage from land to sea. Plastic takes a very long time to break down. It can remain in the oceans 23 hundreds of years. Plastic pieces are very 24 (danger) to sea animals. One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea 25 (tell) people about the problems in the oceans. First, they take the garbage from 26 beach. Then, they clean and sort it. 27 (final), they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art. The artwork is mostly of sea creatures (生物). Washed Ashore has 28 (create) more than seventy of these works of art. Some of 29 (they) are now traveling in a show all over the world. Each piece shows the effects of trash. In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. They think the plastic 30 (be) food, eat it, and get very sick or even die. This would not happen if people used less plastic and did not litter. The plastic would not end up in the ocean. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题11 语法填空特训 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练 语法填空解题技巧 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 （1）考点分布一般比较均匀，除动词外，考点一般不重复。 【分配：名词 + 动词*2 + 形容词 + 副词 + 冠词 + 介词 + 连词 + 连接词 + 代词】 （2）有提示词均需要变形，且变形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案时可以根据考点依次带入排除。（比如四个无提示词的填空已经填入了冠词、介词、连词，则剩下的大概率是三大从句的连接词或者疑问词） 考点1：名词 名词的形式变化主要有可数名词单数复数、名词所有格、词性转变、固定搭配。 1、 名词单复数（依据：横线前有表示复数的词如a few，lots of，these，those，或者数量词等，或者there be句型中be动词为复数are或were形式） 2、 名词所有格（依据：横线后又是名词且提示词的名词对后面的名词不形成修饰关系，而形成从属关系） 3、 名词词性变化（依据：根据前后文词性判断名词是否要变化成相应的形容词、副词、动词等） 4、 固定搭配[*无提示型]（固定词组与表达方式，如pay___to首先想到attention） 【例1】There are many tall (build) in our city. 解析：根据其前的many可知其后用名词复数形式, build 的名词为building,故填写buildings,意为“建筑物，房子”。 【例2】Can you tell me some (different) between the two new words? 解析： 根据其前的some可知此处用different的名词difference的复数形式differences,意为“差别,差异”。 【例3】Home rules should be special to your __________ (family) needs. 解析： 根据其前的your可知后面必须是名词，而needs已经是名词形式了，所以此时只需要考虑family这个词与needs之间的关系不是修饰而是从属，所以为family’s。 考点2：动词【两大方向：谓语动词与非谓语动词】 1、 时态 + 语态 （依据1：前后文的时态和形式，或者时间状语； 依据2：特殊句型； 依据3：前后文的被动关系） 2、 非谓语动词的三种形式 [doing,，done，to do]（根据固定的搭配形式来改变动词形式，如want to do就要把do变to do，finish doing就要把do变doing） 【注意】实义动词与实义动词是不可能以两个动词原形的形式直接衔接在一起的，后面一个一定会变形。 比如实义动词want，play，practice在一起，可以形成want play（错），want to play（对），practice to play（错），practice playing（对） 因此，当做到动词题的时候一定要往前一个词看，找是否有实义动词，如果有，则横线上填写的动词肯定是非谓语动词的三种形式之一。【…动词 ______(动词)】 如果横线与前一个动词之间还夹着别的成分，那需要按着语法来判断。【…动词 + 代词/名词 + ______(动词)】 【用to do的其他形式】 1、后置定语（动词不定式在句中作定语时一般都要放在所修饰名词或代词的后面） 如： 1、a chance to do sth 做某事的一个机会 2、the way to do sth 做某事的办法 3、the best time to do sth 做某事的最佳时间 4、something to eat 一些吃的东西 5、something to drink 一些喝的东西 6、a lot of work to do 许多要做的工作 7、get / have a chance to do sth. 得到一个做某事的机会 2、It’s+形容词（adj.）+for(of) +sb +to do sth对某人来说做某事怎么样 【分析】形容词（adj.）修饰文中的事情既to do sth时，人前的介词用for ； 但是如果形容词（adj.）修饰文中的人既sb时，人前面的介词用of. ①It’s hard for me to learn English well.（句子 hard 是修饰动词不定式to learn English well，意为学好英语难，所以用的介词是for sb.） ②It’s kind of you to help me.（句中kind“善良的”修饰you(人) 意为你善良，所以介词用of sb.） 3、It takes sb. some time/money to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事（常考） 4、It’s time for sb. to do sth. 是某人做某事的时候了 【例1】I (do) my homework at home last Sunday. 解析：根据时间状语last Sunday可知为一般过去时态,故填写do 的过去式did。 【例2】Lucy usually (watch) television on Friday morning! 解析：根据时间状语on Friday morning和频率副词usually可知为一般现在时态，且主语Lucy是第三人称单数，故填写watch 的第三人称单数形式watches。 【例3】In five years’ time,1 (become) a university student. 解析：根据时间状语In five years’ time可知用一般将来时态，故填写will become。 考点3：形容词与副词 1、 形容词比较级与最高级（依据1：比较级看句子中是否有than，最高级看形容词前面是否有the或后面有没有in/of+范围的形式。依据2：横线前有even，much、a little/bit等后面需要用比较级的词） 2、 固定句型（常见的为比较级的相关句型：the more…the more…，more and more。表示建议的句型：had better do sth。表示状态的句型：主语+ be + adj + to do） 3、 形容词副词化（依据：提示词为形容词，空格后有谓语动词或者形容词；或者空格位于句首，用逗号隔开） 4、 动词的ing与ed形式（依据：横线前有be动词或是后面有名词，则用ing形式；横线前有人称代词或人名，则用ed形式） 5、 否定变化（如happy变成unhappy）】 注意：形容词是修饰名词的，而副词是修饰动词、形容词与副词本身的。 【例1】Home is the (warm) place wherever you go. 解析：根据句意“无论你走到哪里，家是最温暖的地方”和定冠词the可知此处用形容词warm的最高级warmest。 【例2】Jim studies better than Tom，but Tom is (friendly) and he has more friends. 解析：句意：吉姆比汤姆学习成绩更好，但是汤姆(对人)更友好，他有更多的朋友。由句中的studies better以及more friends可知，要用形容词friendly 的比较级friendlier，意为“更友好的”。 【例3】We had a football match yesterday. Our fans cheered us on (loud) and we felt more confident. 解析：句意：昨天我们进行了一场足球赛。我们的粉丝们为我们大声地加油，我们感到更加有信心。表示“大声地”应用loudly。 考点4：代词 1、 宾格（横线在谓语动词后面） 2、 形容词性物主代词（横线后面有名词） 3、 名词性物主代词（横线后面没有名词，前面有of或者前面有be动词等动词） 4、 反身代词（横线前有和括号里同一类的且做主语成分的代词，此时把括号内的代词改为反身代词） 5、 不定代词（一般以some/ever/any + thing为主，其次是others，another） 【例1】Do you have (something)to say? 解析： something通常用于肯定句，在疑问句中用anything。故填anything。 【例2】Would you like (every) coffee? 解析：虽然any用于疑问句，但some可以用于表示请求或建议的疑问句中，尤其是some用于向对方请求得到某物。根据句意及语气填写some。 【例3】I bought something for my parents，but nothing for (I). 解析：根据句意“我为我父母买了些东西，但我没有为我自己买什么”可知填写myself。 考点5：数量词考点 1、 基数词变序数词（横线前一般有the） 2、 基数词变次数（一般只考once，twice） 3、 单位词变复数（主要是百-hundred，千-thousand，百万-million，十亿-billion的用法） 注意： 300名学生——three hundred students（此时hundred后无s） 成百上千名学生——hundreds of students（hundred后有了of则要加s） 成百上千名学生——hundreds upon hundreds of students 【例1】I am to know that (hundred) of people lost their lives in the earthquake. 解析：hundred意为“百”，表示大概数字时用复数且和 of连用。故填写hundreds。 【例2】How many (time) did you go to Beijing last year? 解析：times指“次数，倍数”。 考点6：介词 1、 单一介词（即介词表示某种具体的含义，如方向或时间，能够根据上下文含义推理出来） 2、 动词、形容词、介词词组中的固定搭配，例如：come/be from，fall in love with…… 注意：介词的判断依据除了看有没有词组，还可以依靠横线后的词性，因为介词后面只能接名词性质的词，所以后面要么是名词和代词，要么是动词ing形式。 【例1】It’s great to hear you. I’ll write to you soon. 解析：根据下文I’ll write to you soon.“我将很快写信给你”可知考查固定短语hear from sb.，意为“收到某人来信”。故填写from。 【例2】The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing common. 解析：根据句意“事实是,快乐和幸福是没有共同点的”可知用介词in。in common意为“……相同”。 考点7：连词考点 1、 根据词性判断（空格两边词性或结构一致，大概率是并列连词；一个长句被逗号或横线隔开，左右两边结构完整，有可能是连词构成的复合句） 2、 根据逻辑判断（并列连词都是有很强的逻辑性的，可以根据上下文的意思来判断） 第一看横线前后的词性结构是否一致，如It makes us smart and healthy。此时smart和healthy就属于词性结构一致。 第二看横线前后是否有完整的主谓（宾）结构，如I don't like her because she smokes too much。 左边主谓宾完整，右边主谓完整。 最后看逻辑关系，如果满足第一或第二，只需要把平常常考的连词代入去想就可以了。 【连词总结】 and（常与both组合出现），or（常与either组合出现），but（常与also组合出现，形成not only…but also…），nor（常与neither组合出现），because，so等 注意：however是副词，常用作连词使用，出现的形式是单独在句首，用逗号与后文隔开：however，后句。也可能是放在中间，左右都用逗号隔开：前句，however，后句 考点8：冠词 1、 冠词分类：定冠词（the），不定冠词（a/an），零冠词（一般不考） [空格后面一定有名词，或是被形容词修饰的名词。所以做题一定要注意往横线后面一直看，看有没有名词出现。] 2、 定冠词与不定冠词的区分：the用于特指，第二次出现，形容词最高级。a/an用于泛指，第一次出现，固定搭配。[根据元音音素来判断用a还是an，【特殊例子特殊记】an + hour / honor / honesty；a + useful / university] 3、固定词组与搭配：take a walk，have a fever中的a就是固定的，by the way中the也是固定搭配 【例1】It’s unlucky day for me.I lost my new bike this morning. 解析：此处表泛指，故用a或an。根据可数名词day 和空格后的形容词unlucky音标的第一个音素为元音音素，可知应填写冠词an。 【例2】Who is tallest girl in your class? 解析：形容词最高级tallest前用定冠词the。 考点9：句子引导词关系词等【常考的：that / whether / if与各类疑问词等】 【例1】I don’t know often you see your parents.Once a week or once a month? 解析：根据“Once a week or once a month?”可知询问频率，应用how often。how often意为“隔多久”,在此表示频率。故填写how。 【例2】 city do you like better,Beijing or Shanghai? 解析：根据其后的两地比较可知填写Which，意为“哪一个”。 【巩固练习】 A The Chinese character Fu is a necessity in Spring Festival celebrations. It 1 (express) people’s best wishes for the coming new year. The tradition of pasting the character Fu on walls and doors 2 (be) around for a long time. It’s recorded that this tradition has started since Song Dynasty. The character Fu can be pasted either 3 (normal) or upside down, because in Chinese, the “reversed Fư” and “Fu arrives” sound similar, both being pronounced as “Fu dao le”. There is a story about pasting the “reversed Fư”. Zhu Yuanzhang, the 4 (one) emperor of the Ming Dynasty, once used the character Fu as a secret signal to kill a family for insulting (侮辱) his wife—Empress Ma. 5 (avoid) the disaster, the kind-hearted Empress Ma ordered every family to paste the character Fu in front of 6 (they) own doors before the sun rose the next day. But one family pasted the character upside down, because they couldn’t read or write. The next day, when the emperor ordered his soldiers to check, they found the character Fu everywhere, Including the upside-down one. The emperor said angrily to the soldiers. “I 7 (kill) the family who pasted the character differently.” But Empress Ma said to the emperor, “that family pasted the character upside down on purpose. It has the same 8 (mean) as ‘Fu arrives’.” After 9 (hear) this, the emperor immediately 10 (set) the family free. From then on, people began to paste the character Fu upside down for the purpose of hoping for luck and honoring Empress Ma. 【答案】 1．expresses 2．has been 3．normally 4．first 5．To avoid 6． their 7．will kill 8．meaning 9．hearing 10．set 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了“福”字的历史。 1．句意：它表达了人们对即将到来的新年最美好的祝愿。本句是一般现在时，主语是it，此处的谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填expresses。 2． 句意：在墙上和门上贴“福”字的传统由来已久。本句的主语是tradition，是名词单数，for a long time是现在完成时的标志词。故填has been。 3． 句意：福”字既可以正常粘贴，也可以上下颠倒，因为在汉语中，“福倒”和“福到”发音相似，都读作“福到”。此处修饰动词can be pasted，用副词，normally“正常地”。故填normally。 4． 句意：明朝第一位皇帝朱元璋曾经用“福”字作为暗号，杀死了一个侮辱他妻子马皇后的家庭。此处表示第一个皇帝，first“第一个”。故填first。 5．句意：为了避免灾难，善良的马皇后命令每家每户在第二天太阳升起之前在自家门前贴上“福”字。此处表示目的，to do表示“目的”，为了避免灾难，句首首字母大写。故填To avoid。 6．句意：为了避免灾难，善良的马皇后命令每家每户在第二天太阳升起之前在自家门前贴上“福”字。此处修饰名词own doors，表示“他们自己的门”，their“他们的”。故填their。 7．句意：我将要杀了那个贴错字的人。此处表示“将要去杀”，此处用一般将来时。故填will kill。 8． 句意：它的含义与“福来了”相同。根据“the same”可知，空处填名词，mean的名词形式是meaning“意思”。故填meaning。 9．句意：皇帝听到后，立即释放了这家人。after后接动名词。故填hearing。 10． 句意：皇帝听到后，立即释放了这家人。此处用一般过去时，表示皇帝释放了这家人。故填set。 B On the day after Thanksgiving, Anson and her husband, Alfred, made the 11 (decide) to go to Big Bear Lake for a camping trip. Anson and Alfred picked a camping place. Suddenly, they heard a man’s voice asking 12 help. They 13 (follow) the sound to the bottom of the hill and found a man named Eric. “We end up 14 (find) him.”Anson said. He couldn’t walk. His 15 (foot) were hurt. Anson and Alfred learned that Eric set out from 16 (he) home two weeks ago. No one knew where he was. He didn’t own a phone, either. Anson used her phone to call 911. After Eric was 17 (save), Anson and Alfred continued on their camping trip as planned. That man was so lucky that this couple went 18 (camp) that day. This story is 19 important notice to everyone: Always tell someone 20 you’re going whenever you’re going on a journey! 【答案】 11．decision 12．for 13．followed 14．finding 15．feet 16．his 17．saved 18．camping 19．an 20．where 【导语】本文主要讲述了感恩节过后艾莉森和丈夫决定到山中露营，而他们这次露营的决定挽救了一个人的生命。 11．句意：感恩节后的一天，安森和她的丈夫阿尔弗雷德决定去大熊湖野营。根据“…made the…to go to…”及提示词可知，此处表达“决定去”，定冠词the后面接名词，decide“决定”，动词，名词为decision。故填decision。 12．句意：突然，他们听到一个男人的声音在求救。根据“Suddenly, they heard a man’s voice asking…help.”及提示词可知，ask for help“向某人求救”，动词短语。故填for。 13．句意：他们循着声音来到山脚，发现了一个名叫埃里克的人。根据“They…the sound to the bottom of the hill and found a man named Eric.”及提示词可知，句子为一般过去时，空处应用动词过去式；follow“跟随”，动词过去式为followed。故填followed。 14．句意：我们最终找到了他。根据“We end up…him.”及提示词可知，end up doing sth.“以做……而告终”，动词短语；find“发现”，动词。故填finding。 15．句意：他的脚受伤了。根据“His…were hurt.”及提示词可知，主语应用名词的复数形式；foot“脚”，复数为feet。故填feet。 16．句意：安森和阿尔弗雷德得知埃里克两周前从他家出发了。根据“Anson and Alfred learned that Eric set out from…home two weeks ago.”及提示词可知，此处表达“从他家出发”，空出应用形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰名词home；he“他”，形容词性物主代词为his。故填his。 17．句意：埃里克获救后，安森和阿尔弗雷德按计划继续他们的野营旅行。根据“After Eric was…Anson and Alfred continued on their camping trip as planned.”及提示词可知，Eric是被这对夫妻所救，应用被动语态，结构为“be done”，因此空出应用save的过去分词形式saved。故填saved。 18．句意：那个人太幸运了，这对夫妇那天去露营了。根据“That man was so lucky that this couple went…that day.”及提示词可知，go camping“去露营”，动词短语。故填camping。 19．句意：这个故事对每个人来说都是一个重要的通知：无论何时你要去旅行，都要告诉别人你要去哪里！根据“This story is…important notice to everyone”及提示词可知，空处应用不定冠词修饰后面的名词notice，并且important为元音因素开头的形容词，应用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。 20．句意：这个故事对每个人来说都是一个重要的通知：无论何时你要去旅行，都要告诉别人你要去哪里！根据“ Always tell someone…you’re going whenever you’re going on a journey!”及提示词可知，此处表示告诉别人你要去哪里，where符合语境。故填where。 C Parkour (跑酷) is my favorite outdoor sport. I love using my body to move freely and to jump objects in public 21 (place) with only my body and my skill. I also climb and run. Parkour can be 22 hobby, an extreme sport, or an art. In Parkour, you use your body to get 23 one point to another without stopping. Parkour is an excellent exercise because it helps you to keep 24 (health) and fit. It also 25 (make) you brave and confident. Another good thing about Parkour is that it’s very cheap. You 26 (suppose) to be in good physical condition, and you need a good pair of 27 (run) shoes. And that’s all! However, Parkour can be dangerous. If you’re new to Parkour, you need to know and understand the different basic moves. You also need to train a lot so you don’t get hurt 28 (easy). It can take a long time 29 (become) good at Parkour and you can sometimes hurt yourself, but I think it is a perfect way to exercise and discover your 30 (body) potential (潜能). Try it! You feel as if you are flying. 【答案】 21．places 22．a 23．from 24．healthy 25．makes 26．are supposed 27．running 28．easily 29．to become 30．body’s 【导语】本文主要介绍了跑酷运动，跑酷能锻炼身体、培养自信，但也需要了解基本技巧，并面对潜在的危险。 21．句意：我喜欢用自己的身体自由移动，在公共场所仅凭身体和技巧跳跃物体。public places意为“公共场所”，此处应用名词复数形式。故填places。 22．句意：跑酷可以是一种爱好，一种极限运动，也可以是一门艺术。根据“an extreme sport, or an art”可知，此处泛指一种爱好，且hobby为辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 23．句意：在跑酷运动中，你用身体不停地从一点跑到另一点。短语from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，符合语境。故填from。 24．句意：跑酷是一项很好的运动，因为它能帮助你保持健康。keep healthy“保持健康”为固定搭配，形容词作表语。故填healthy。 25．句意：它还能让你变得勇敢和自信。根据前后文可知，该句为一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词make“让”应变为三单形式makes。故填makes。 26．句意：你需要有良好的身体条件，还需要一双好的跑鞋。此处是短语be supposed to do“应该做某事”，时态为一般现在时，主语是第二人称you，be动词用are。故填are supposed。 27．句意：你需要有良好的身体条件，还需要一双好的跑鞋。running shoes“跑鞋”。故填running。 28．句意：你还需要进行大量训练，这样才不会轻易受伤。修饰动词用副词，easy的副词形式为easily“容易地，轻易地”。故填easily。 29．句意：要练好跑酷需要很长时间，有时还会受伤，但我认为这是锻炼身体、发掘你身体潜能的绝佳方式。此处是结构It takes sb. some time to do sth.“做某事花费某人一段时间”。故填to become。 30．句意：要练好跑酷需要很长时间，有时还会受伤，但我认为这是锻炼身体、发掘你身体潜能的绝佳方式。修饰空后的名词，用名词所有格body’s“身体的”。故填body’s。 一、完形填空 阅读下面短文、从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was in the first grade of high school when I began to be depressed (忧郁). I didn’t have friends. I could never share my problems. Soon I 1 to go to school for days. I became sensitive (敏感的) and angry. I would even 2 myself in my room for hours. The exams were coming but I simply didn’t care. My parents and teachers were shocked at my bad performance. One morning after my Dad gave me a 3 , I stood at the school gate (大门). As the other students 4 their classrooms, our English teacher found me. Wondering 5 I’d done, she took me to her office. The next 45 minutes was the most 6 time in my life. She said she had noticed a big change in me. She wanted to know why I was so unhappy and why I always didn’t go to school. She took my hand in hers and listened 7 as I spoke out my worries. She then 8 me in her arms as I cried out. No one had tried to understand what the real problem was, but my teacher had done it! Listening to me with such 9 and care. She promised to be my best friend. From then on, I often went to her office and we discussed my problems, hobbies and 10 on my mind. I 11 school every day. 12 the exams came again, I studied hard. When the 13 came out, everybody was pleased. 14 the happiest of all was my English teacher. With tears (眼泪) of 15 she gave me a pen as a prize. Today I have become a happy writer thanks to her. 1．A．agreed B．fought C．refused D．regretted 2．A．keep B．cheer C．educate D．support 3．A．report B．chance C．lesson D．suggestion 4．A．sent B．pushed C．divided D．entered 5．A．what B．when C．who D．where 6．A．interesting B．important C．comfortable D．humorous 7．A．sadly B．hardly C．politely D．patiently 8．A．hit B．hugged C．lifted D．punished 9．A．pride B．request C．process D．attention 10．A．everyone B．everything C．someone D．something 11．A．put up with B．took pride in C．looked up to D．looked forward to 12．A．After B．As C．If D．Although 13．A．causes B．studies C．results D．actions 14．A．Or B．So C．And D．But 15．A．joy B．pain C．kindness D．excitement 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文主要讲述作者上学时，没有朋友，无法和他人倾诉自己的抑郁问题。后来在英语老师的关注和帮助下，作者的悲伤和孤独不复存在，如今成了一个快乐的作家，作者非常感激老师。 1．句意：不久，我好几天都拒绝上学了。 agreed同意；fought打架；refused拒绝；regretted懊悔。根据“I didn’t have friends. I could never share my problems.”可知，作者没有朋友，无法和他人倾诉自己的抑郁问题，因此作者应是好几天都拒绝上学。故选C。 2．句意：我甚至会在房间里呆上几个小时。 keep留下；cheer欢呼，鼓励；educate教育；support支持。根据“Soon I…to go to school for days. I became sensitive (敏感的) and angry.”可知，作者好几天都拒绝上学，也变得敏感而易怒。因此他应是会在房间里呆上几个小时。故选A。 3． 句意：一天早上，在爸爸教训我后，我站在学校门口。 report报告；chance机会；lesson教训；suggestion建议。根据“My parents and teachers were shocked at my bad performance.”可知，作者的父母和老师都对作者糟糕的表现感到震惊，因此此处指的应是作者的爸爸教训了他，give sb a lesson“给某人一次教训”。故选C。 4．句意：当其他学生进入教室时，我们的英语老师发现了我。 sent发送；pushed推；divided分开，划分；entered进入。根据“I stood at the school gate (大门). As the other students…their classrooms, our English teacher found me.”可知，此处指的应是其他学生进入教室时，作者的英语老师发现了他。故选D。 5． 句意：她想知道我做了什么，就带我去了她的办公室。 what什么；when什么时候，当时，何时；who谁；where哪里，在哪里。根据“I stood at the school gate (大门). As the other students…their classrooms, our English teacher found me.”可知，作者站在学校门口，英语老师发现了他。因此她应是想知作者做了什么。故选A。 6．句意：接下来的45分钟是我生命中最重要的时刻。 interesting有趣的；important重要的；comfortable舒服的；humorous幽默的。根据“She wanted to know why I was so unhappy and why I always didn’t go to school. She took my hand in hers and listened…as I spoke out my worries…”可知，老师握住作者的手，听他倾诉他的担忧，因此这45分钟应是作者生命中最重要的时刻。故选B。 7．句意：她握住我的手，耐心的听我倾诉我的担忧。 sadly伤心地，悲伤地；hardly几乎不；politely礼貌地；patiently耐心地。根据“She took my hand in hers…”可知，此处指的应是她握住作者的手，耐心地听着作者倾诉他的忧虑。故选D。 8．句意：然后，当我放声哭泣时，她把我抱在怀里。 hit打，打击；hugged拥抱；lifted举起；punished惩罚。根据“She then…me in her arms as I cried out.”可知，当作者放声哭泣时。老师应是把他抱在怀里。故选B。 9．句意：如此专注和关心地听我说话。 pride自豪，骄傲；request请求；process过程，处理；attention专注。根据“Listening to me with such…and care.”可知，老师如此……和关心地听作者说话，和“关心”并列，attention“专注”符合语境。故选D。 10．句意：从那时起，我经常去她的办公室，我们讨论我的问题，爱好和我脑海中的一切。 everyone每个人；everything每件事物，一切；someone某人；something某物，某事。根据“From then on, I often went to her office and we discussed my problems, hobbies and…on my mind.”可知，老师应是会和作者讨论他的问题、爱好和思想上一切。故选B。 11．句意：我每天盼望着上学。 put up with忍受，忍耐；took pride in对……感到自豪；looked up to欣赏，仰慕；looked forward to期待。根据“From then on, I often went to her office and we discussed my problems, hobbies and…on my mind”可知，作者经常去老师的办公室，讨论他的问题、爱好和思想上的一切。因此作者应是会期待着去上学。故选D。 12．句意：当考试考试再次来临时，我努力学习。 After在……之后；As作为，当……时，随着；If是否，如果；Although虽然，尽管。根据“…the exams came again, I studied hard.”可知，此处应是as引导的时间状语从句。故选B。 13．句意：当结果出来时，大家都很高兴。 causes原因，事业；studies学习，研究；results结果；actions行为，措施。根据“…the exams came again, I studied hard”可知，当考试考试再次来临时，作者努力学习，因此此处指的应是考试结果出来时，大家都很高兴。故选C。 14．句意：但最高兴的是我的英语老师。 Or或者；So因此；And和，且；But但是。根据“everybody was pleased…the happiest of all was my English teacher.”可知，空处前后句为转折关系，应用连词but连接。故选D。 15．句意：她喜极而泣，给我一支钢笔作为奖励。 joy快乐；pain痛苦，疼痛；kindness善良；excitement兴奋。根据“When the…came out, everybody was pleased…the happiest of all was my English teacher.”可知，当结果出来时，大家都很高兴，但最高兴的是我的英语老师，此处指的应是老师喜极而泣。故选A。 二、阅读理解 Jane, a reporter, is collecting information for the local newspaper. She is interested in the following things introduced in a magazine. Smart Schoolbag Forget to pack the books you need into your schoolbag in the morning rush? A schoolboy aged 11 has invented a schoolbag. It tells you which books to pack. A small computer and a scanner (扫描装置) are fixed in the beg. As each book is put into the bag, it is checked by the scanner. If any book is missing, a message will be shown on the computer screen to remind you. Weather Sweets Can you eat weather? A university makes that happen. It uses a 3D printer to create sweets based on the weather information of a certain day. The shapes of the sweets are affected (影响) by wind speed. The colors of the sweets are decided by temperature. The sweets act as a weather record of the day when they are made. Sunrise Bed It’s hard for you to get up in the morning, isn’t it? To help you get up, a company has created a “tool”—a sun rise bed. It wakes you up gently as a sunrise does. Lights built into the bed turn on and start to get brighter and brighter. When the lights are fully on, soft music will begin to play. It will be louder and louder until you turn it off. The company explains, “The gentle light tells your body that it is morning, so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep.” 16．The smart schoolbag has been invented by _________. A．a university B．a schoolboy C．a company D．a reporter 17．________ affect(s) the shapes of the weather sweets. A．Colors B．Temperature C．3D printers D．Wind speed 18．Which of the following shows how a sun rise bed wakes you up? A．lights on→music on→lights brighter→music louder B．music on→music louder→lights on→lights brighter C．lights on→lights brighter→music on→music louder D．music on→lights on→music louder→lights brighter 19．What does the underlined word “it” in Sunrise Bed refer to? A．The light. B．Your body. C．The bed. D．Your room. 【答案】16．B 17．D 18．C 19．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了三种令人惊叹的发明：智能书包、天气糖果和日出床，分别解决了学生忘记带书、记录天气和早晨起床困难的问题。 16．细节理解题。根据“A schoolboy aged 11 has invented a schoolbag.”可知，智能书包是一名11岁的学龄男生发明的，故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据“The shapes of the sweets are affected (影响) by wind speed.”可知，天气糖果的形状受风速影响，故选D。 18．细节理解题。根据“It wakes you up gently as a sunrise does. Lights built into the bed turn on and start to get brighter and brighter. When the lights are fully on, soft music will begin to play. It will be louder and louder until you turn it off.”可知，日出床唤醒的顺序为在灯亮后逐渐变亮，然后音乐开始播放并逐渐变响，故选C。 19．词义猜测题。根据“The gentle light tells your body that it is morning, so it stops producing a chemical that helps you sleep.”中“it stops producing”可知，划线词后提到了会产生一种帮助你入睡的化学物质，这里的“it”指代“your body”，即你的身体，故选B。 三、任务型阅读 阅读下面短文，根报短文内容，回答下列问题。 If you want to help protect the environment and save the planet, we’ve got some easy ways of going green. ·Avoid food waste Go green and know the important of finishing your meals to avoid food waste. Do your bit to save the planet as well by planning your meals for the week, so you only buy what you need. ·Use reusable bottles Earth Day is a great time for you to drink from reusable water bottles when you’re out and about. You should form good water-saving habits around the house, too. ·Try more plant-based meals Try to eat less meat. It’s a surprisingly simple way we can all use to help save the planet. Try with one day a week to get you start, and then expand to more days when possible. ·Cut down on the air conditioner（空调） Whenever you can, go green and open the window for some natural air. If you can’t live without your air conditioner, set in at between 25℃ and 27℃ for the most energy-efficient（节能的）temperature. ·Wise up to（意识到）recycling You don’t need us to tell you how important it is to reduce, reuse and recycle. Becoming a less “throw away” society is a great message to pass on. Don’t throw away perfectly good things just because you are sick of them, or no longer use them. Instead, give them to others or list them on a free collection site online. ·Know more about nature There’s no better way to know about the environment than by getting yourself outdoors and into nature! Whether it’s raining or sunny, you can know about the environment. 20．How many ways of going green are there in the text? 21．According to the writer, what can we do to avoid food waste? 22．To save energy, what is the right way to use the air conditioner? 23．Do you think it is necessary for us to get ourselves outdoors and into nature? Why? 24．Why did the writer write this text? 25．According to the text, how green are you in your daily life? 【答案】 20．Six/ 6. 21．We can finish our meals and buy what we need to avoid food waste. 22．To set it at between 25℃ and 27℃. 23．Yes, because we can know more about the environment. 24．To tell us some easy ways of going green. 25．I ride my bike to school every day, and every time I go shopping with my mother, we carry our cloth shopping bags.（答案不唯一） 【导语】本文提出了几种如何保护环境的方法。 20．根据“·Avoid food waste”，“·Use reusable bottles”，“·Try more plant-based meals”，“·Cut down on the air conditioner（空调）”，“·Wise up to（意识到）recycling”，“·Know more about nature”可知，文章一共提出了6种方法，故填Six/ 6. 21．根据“Go green and know the important of finishing your meals to avoid food waste. Do your bit to save the planet as well by planning your meals for the week, so you only buy what you need.”可知，通过“吃完每顿饭，计划一周的饮食，只买需要的东西”的方式避免食物浪费，故填We can finish our meals and buy what we need to avoid food waste. 22．根据“If you can’t live without your air conditioner, set in at between 25℃ and 27℃ for the most energy-efficient（节能的）temperature.”可知，把空调设置在25℃到27℃之间，因为这是最节能的温度，故填To set it at between 25℃ and 27℃. 23．根据“There’s no better way to know about the environment than by getting yourself outdoors and into nature! Whether it’s raining or sunny, you can know about the environment.”可知，到户外去亲近大自然是更好的了解环境的方式，故填Yes, because we can know more about the environment. 24．根据“If you want to help protect the environment and save the planet, we’ve got some easy ways of going green.”可知，作者写本文的目的是为了介绍一些简单的环保方法，让我们更好地保护环境、保护地球，故填To tell us some easy ways of going green. 25．主观题，符合题意即可。参考答案：I ride my bike to school every day, and every time I go shopping with my mother, we carry our cloth shopping bags.（答案不唯一） （一）（2024·四川德阳·中考真题） Mi was born in Sichuan Province. He is a street 1 (art). He has been making clay figurines (泥塑) for 15 years. In 2003, Mi 2 (lose) his hands in an accident. However, he didn’t lose hope for life and he learned to eat and get 3 (dress) on his own. He had to take care 4 his family, so he thought that he must find a way to make money by 5 (him). One day Mi saw 6 old man making clay figurines on the street. Mi was interested in it and decided to learn from him. “The old man didn’t want to teach me 7 I didn’t give up. Finally he agreed 8 (teach) me how to make clay figurines,” Mi said. Learning clay figurines was difficult. However, he never thought of giving up halfway. Now Mi can make a living by making clay figurines. Whenever he sits on the ground to make clay figurines, many people will 9 (quick) come to watch him. 10 (price) are not set for his figurines. People can pay as they like. In this way, each figurine is sold for about 20 yuan. Mi is full of hope for a better future because he knows his hard work is worth it. 【答案】 1．artist 2．lost 3．dressed 4．of 5．himself 6．an 7．but 8．to teach 9．quickly 10．Prices 【导语】本文讲述了身残志坚的米先生通过努力，能够熟练捏出泥人儿从而走红的故事。 1．句意：他是个街头艺术家。根据“He is a street ”可知，是个街头艺术家，artist“艺术家”，根据a可知，此空应填单数形式，故填artist。 2．句意：2003年，米在一次事故中失去了双手。根据“In 2003”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填lost。 3．句意：然而，他并没有失去对生活的希望，他学会了自己吃饭和穿衣服。get dressed“穿衣服”，固定搭配，故填dressed。 4．句意：他必须照顾他的家庭，所以他认为他必须找到自己赚钱的方法。take care of“照顾”，固定搭配，故填of。 5．句意：他必须照顾他的家庭，所以他认为他必须找到自己赚钱的方法。by oneself“独自”，此空应填反身代词himself，故填himself。 6．句意：一天，米在街上看到一位老人在做泥人。此处表示泛指，且old是以元音音素开头的，故填an。 7．句意：老人不想教我，但我没有放弃。空格前后是转折关系，应填but，故填but。 8．句意：最后他同意教我如何制作泥人。agree to do sth“同意做某事”，此空应填动词不定式，故填to teach。 9．句意：每当他坐在地上做泥人的时候，许多人都会很快地过来看他。此空修饰动词come，应填副词quickly“快速地”，故填quickly。 10．句意：他的雕像没有定价。根据“are”可知，此空应填复数形式，故填Prices。 （二）（2023·湖南娄底·中考真题） When I was in primary school, I seldom helped my parents at home. I thought I should spend my time 11 schoolwork to get good grades. My parents did all the 12 （chore）. I used to make a mess and throw my things everywhere. One day, when my mother went home after work and 13 （find）a lot of rubbish in our house, she got so mad at me. She said to me 14 （serious）, “You must do some housework every day from now on.” I talked back loudly, “It is the parents’ job 15 （provide）a clean and comfortable environment at home.” Now I’m 16 15-year-old middle school student. I have a labor（劳动）class at school every week. The teacher 17 （teach）us how to make food, tidy the room, grow some vegetables and so on. I understand that 18 （do）housework is more difficult than I used to imagine. Thinking back those old days, I regret 19 I have done before. I begin to do more housework, so my parents can have a good rest when they come back from work. They are also proud of my change. In my opinion, we children should be independent and take care of 20 （we）. Because it not only helps us learn many basic skills, but also helps us develop good habits. 【答案】 11．on 12．chores 13．found 14．seriously 15．to provide 16．a 17．teaches 18．doing 19．what 20．ourselves 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者小时候很少帮父母做家务，长大了之后理解了做家务的重要性。 11．句意：我想我应该把时间花在功课上以取得好成绩。spend time on sth.“花费时间在某物上”。故填on。 12．句意：我父母做所有的家务。all后加名词复数chores“家务”。故填chores。 13．句意：有一天，我妈妈下班回家，发现我们家里有很多垃圾，她对我很生气。根据“went home...”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式found“发现”。故填found。 14．句意：她严肃地对我说。此处修饰动词said用副词seriously“严肃地”。故填seriously。 15．句意：在家里提供一个干净舒适的环境是父母的工作。provide“提供”，it is one’s job to do sth.“做某事是某人的工作”。故填to provide。 16．句意：现在我是一名15岁的中学生。此处泛指“一名学生”，15以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。 17．句意：老师教我们如何做饭、整理房间、种一些蔬菜等等。此处时态为一般现在时，主语是the teacher，谓语动词用单三teaches“教”。故填teaches。 18．句意：我明白做家务比我以前想象的要困难。此处作主语用动名词。故填doing。 19．句意：回想过去，我后悔以前的所作所为。句子是宾语从句，从句缺少done的宾语，用what引导宾语从句。故填what。 20．句意：在我看来，我们这些孩子应该独立，照顾好自己。根据“we children should be independent and take care of”可知是我们应该学会照顾好我们自己，用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 （三）（2023·贵州·中考真题） Each year, billions of pounds of garbage end up in the oceans. Sometimes people throw away water 21 (bottle) or other plastic. They do not recycle their garbage. People may not know that wind 22 rain can move garbage from land to sea. Plastic takes a very long time to break down. It can remain in the oceans 23 hundreds of years. Plastic pieces are very 24 (danger) to sea animals. One group, Washed Ashore, came up with a new idea 25 (tell) people about the problems in the oceans. First, they take the garbage from 26 beach. Then, they clean and sort it. 27 (final), they work with the plastic pieces to make huge works of art. The artwork is mostly of sea creatures (生物). Washed Ashore has 28 (create) more than seventy of these works of art. Some of 29 (they) are now traveling in a show all over the world. Each piece shows the effects of trash. In one show, people learn how plastic fools fish and other sea animals. They think the plastic 30 (be) food, eat it, and get very sick or even die. This would not happen if people used less plastic and did not litter. The plastic would not end up in the ocean. 【答案】 21．bottles 22．and 23．for 24．dangerous 25．to tell 26．a 27．Finally 28．created 29．them 30．is 【导语】本文介绍海洋垃圾的问题，呼吁人们少用塑料，不乱扔垃圾。 21．句意：有时人们会扔掉水瓶或其他塑料制品。此处表示复数含义，使用名词复数形式，故填bottles。 22．句意：人们可能不知道，风和雨可以把垃圾从陆地带到海洋。wind和rain构成并列关系，用and连接，故填and。 23．句意：它可以在海洋中存留数百年。“hundreds of years”是时间段，此处表示持续多长时间，故填for。 24．句意：塑料碎片对海洋动物非常危险。此处在句中作表语，用形容词形式，故填dangerous。 25．句意：一个名为“冲上岸”的组织提出了一个新想法，向人们讲述海洋中的问题。此处在句中表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故填to tell。 26．句意：首先，他们从海滩上捡垃圾。此处泛指一个海滩，beach首字母发辅音音素，故填a。 27．句意：最后，他们用塑料片制作出巨大的艺术品。此处在句中修饰整个句子，用副词finally，句首需大写首字母。故填Finally。 28．句意：“冲上岸”已经创作了70多件这样的艺术作品。时态是现在完成时，动词用过去分词形式，故填created。 29．句意：他们中的一些人现在正在世界各地进行展览。介词后用宾格作宾语，故填them。 30．句意：他们认为塑料是食物，吃了它，就会生病甚至死亡。本句时态是一般现在时，主语是不可数名词，故填is。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$