寒假作业06 定语从句 -【寒假分层作业】2025年九年级英语寒假培优练（人教版）

专题06 定语从句的用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（6大考点） 考点一 that/ which/who引导的定语从句 考点二 只能用that的情况 考点三 只用which的情况 考点四 考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句 考点五 对“关系代词whose”的考查 考点六 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词确定 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 that/ which/who引导的定语从句 【知识积累·练前热身】 先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用that不用which。 1）当先行词是不定代词a11，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时。 2）先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11，any，every，each，few，little，no，some， the only．the very．the last等修饰时。 3）如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。 【考例】Without friendship, one can't be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days __ I spent with my dearest friend. A. that B. when C. who D. which [答案]A。[解析]在定语从句中，引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。由先行词the days作spent的宾语可判定用that引导。 【巩固练习】 1．—What kind of music do you like, Cindy? —Well, I prefer music ________ has great lyrics. A．what B．who C．how D．that 2．I will remember the important people ________ helped me a lot in my life. A．that B．where C．which 3．The expressions ________ good speakers use depends on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other. A．which B．who C．what 4．Have you ever heard of the news ______ is about the Strawberry Concert? A．who B．when C．what D．which 5．Mike is a friendly boy ________ likes to go out and meet new people all the time. A．who B．which C．what D．when 只能用that的情况 【知识积累·练前热身】 先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用that不用which。 1）当先行词是不定代词a11，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时。 2）先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11，any，every，each，few，little，no，some， the only．the very．the last等修饰时。 3）如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。 【考例】Without friendship, one can't be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days __ I spent with my dearest friend. A. that B. when C. who D. which [答案]A。[解析]在定语从句中，引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。由先行词the days作spent的宾语可判定用that引导。 【巩固练习】 1．In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one ________ is well worth ________. A．what; to read B．that; read C．that; reading D．who; reading 2．—Your father’s birthday is coming soon, Liu Tao. What’s your surprise for your father? —The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for him. A．who B．where C．whose D．that 3．They like the biggest tree ________ can keep us cool under it. A．that B．which C．who 4．I like the second shirt ________ we bought last week. A．which B．that C．who 5．You should do all ______________ is helpful to improve your English. A．what B．that C．it D．which 只用which的情况 【知识积累·练前热身】 先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用which不用that。 1).关系代词前有介词时，关系词只能用which 。 This is the building in which he lives . 2).先行词本身是that时，关系词只能用which 。 The clock is that which tells the time . 3).引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开），关系词用which。 His book , which was lost last week , has been found now. 【巩固练习】 1．Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 2．This is the man with _______ I talked just now. A．who B．that C．which D．whom 3．Xi’an is an ancient city, ________ is full of places of interest and it is very popular this year. A．which B．where C．who D．what 4．—Do you like the red car ________ is made in Tianjin? —Sure, it looks terrific. A．where B．who C．which D．when 5．The book is about a true story ________ happened in my hometown. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句 【知识积累·练前热身】 考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句 它们相当于“介词+which"，其中where=in／at +which；when=at／in／during +which；why=for +which。 (1) 关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。 (2) 关系副词when引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。 (3)关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必 须是表示原因的名词。 【巩固练习】 1．October 1, 1949 was the day ______________ the People’s Republic of China was founded. A．which B．when C．where D．in which 2．Have you visited the house ______________ the famous scientist was born? A．where B．in that C．that D．which 3．I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday. A．why B．where C．when D．who 4．I like places ________ people are nice and friendly such as Xi’an. A．where B．that C．what D．who 5．I can never forget the day_________ we worked together and the day______ we spent together. A．when: which B．which: when C．what: that D．on which: when 对关系词“Whose”的考查 【知识积累·练前热身】 考查以who，whom与whose引导的定语从句 (1)如果先行词是指人的不定代词anyone，anybody，everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，nobody，one，ones，those，all(指人)等作先行词，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。who而不用which。 (2)在非限制性定语从句中，指人作主语用who，作宾语用whom，who。 (3)在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词只能用whose. 【巩固练习】 1．This is the man ______________ son died in a traffic accident. A．whose B．whom C．who D．that 2．A teacher is the person ________ work is to teach students carefully. A．who B．which C．where D．whose 3．Do you know the book ________ cover has a beautiful picture is Mary’s? A．which B．that C．who D．whose 4．Lily is a beautiful girl ________ dream is to be a scientist in the future. A．who B．whose C．which D．that 5．I love singers ________ songs are written by themselves. They are creative. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 关系代词在定语从句中作主语，定语从句谓语动词的确定 【知识积累·练前热身】 that、who、which在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。 I loves singers who write their own songs . She is one of the girls who studies hard . 【巩固练习】 1．Li Ming says he loves singers ______ their own music. A．which write B．that writes C．who write D．who writes 2．I prefer movies __________ me something to think about. A．which gives B．that gives C．that give D．who give 3．I like teachers ________ friendly to students. A．who is B．who are C．that is D．whom are 4．I like food ________ sweet. A．that are B．who are C．that is D．who is 5．According to the recent survey, many students prefer music ________ full of energy. A．that are B．which are C．what is D．that is 一、完形填空 A professor (教授) was holding a cup of milk in his hand before class. Then he asked the students, “Can you 1 what this cup weighs?” “Fifty grams!” “One hundred grams!”… the students answered. Then the professor said, “What happens if I hold it up like this for a few 2 ?” “Nothing,” the students answered together. “All right. What about an hour?” the professor 3 . “Your arm will feel 4 ,” one student replied. “You’re right. What if I hold it for a day?” the professor smiled. “Your arm will be sore and numb (麻木),” 5 student shouted and all the students laughed. “Very well. But has the 6 of the cup changed?” asked the professor, turning 7 . “No,” answered all together. “So what makes the arm ache and numb? What should I do 8 my arm starts to hurt?” The students were 9 . “Put the cup on the table!” said one of the students. “Yes,” said the professor. “In fact, life’s 10 are sometimes like this glass of milk in my hand. It doesn’t 11 if you hold it for a few minutes. But if you hold it too 12 , it can eat your heart, mind and soul, making you a slave (奴隶) to it.” “It’s true that we should pay attention 13 problems in our life, but we should not always think about them. Or it will make you under too much pressure. When we 14 the cup, we want the milk. But if we always hold it and refuse to let it go, then we will 15 become its slaves.” 1．A．accept B．guess C．spread D．protect 2．A．days B．weeks C．minutes D．months 3．A．continued B．encouraged C．stopped D．offered 4．A．untidy B．unhappy C．uncomfortable D．unhealthy 5．A．either B．else C．other D．another 6．A．size B．height C．weight D．shape 7．A．funny B．excited C．red D．serious 8．A．because B．before C．though D．since 9．A．surprised B．excited C．moved D．puzzled 10．A．excuses B．problems C．examples D．subjects 11．A．matter B．trouble C．seem D．care 12．A．high B．short C．long D．low 13．A．at B．to C．on D．with 14．A．take down B．put off C．pick up D．run out 15．A．lately B．gradually C．quickly D．differently 二、阅读理解 Walk or drive to work? Which way is lower in carbon? To be friendly to the environment, you may choose to walk. Have you ever tried to live a low-carbon life through your diet? A new study from the University of Oxford has looked into the health and environmental influences of 15 foods common in western diets. Among these, plant-based foods included fruits, vegetables, nuts and potatoes. It also studied animal-based foods, including red meat, chicken, milk products, eggs and fish. According to the study’s lead researcher, Michael Clark, “Choosing better and greener diets is one of the main ways people can improve their health and protect the environment.” That is to say, plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment. To get this result, researchers compared the influence of eating another portion (一份) of each food with the increased risk of a few illnesses. They also find out the environmental harm for each animal-based food and each plant-based food. By using this method, the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods to the environment. Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane (甲烷) that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2. As well as making the earth warmer, eating too much red meat is known to increase the risk of a few illnesses, such as heart trouble. Plant-based diets can give us the same health benefits (好处) in a much greener way. According to the study, without eating or using meat and milk products, global farmland use could be cut down by more than 75% and still feed the world. Speaking to the Guardian (《卫报》), Tim Benton of Chatham House said, “If we can give people reasonable official advice of what a healthy and green diet is, the world and its people would be in a much better place.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 16．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By giving an example. B．By asking questions. C．By making a comparison. D．By making a survey. 17．Which one is animal-based food? A． B． C． D． 18．What’s the result of this study? A．Many people choose to walk to work. B．Plant-based diets are healthier and greener. C．The more we eat, the better the environment is. D．15 foods common in western diets are not healthy. 19．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．The harm of CO2. B．The risk of heart trouble. C．A reason for keeping animals. D．Two disadvantages of red meats. 20．What will this study probably be used for? A．Teaching farmers to plant vegetables correctly. B．Offering doctors new methods to treat patients. C．Guiding people to lose weight by doing exercise. D．Giving official advice on health and environment. 三、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 love    how    lift    bright    I    for    angry    when    the    keep Mr. Happy always woke up with a sunny smile. He was one of the most cheerful men in the world. His smile was even 21 than the sun. However, he had one secret that made him sad, but nobody knew about it. Then one day, while going out 22 a walk, Mr. Happy met Miss Beautiful. Mr. Happy smiled as usual and Miss Beautiful smiled back. But then she stopped and looked at Mr. Happy 23 . “ 24 impolite!” She shouted. “Young man, don’t you know that you should take off your hat 25 you meet a lady!” For 26 first time in his life, Mr. Happy lost his smile. “I’m sorry, Miss Beautiful,” replied Mr. Happy. “But without 27 hat on, I’m not very good-looking and that makes me sad.” “Really? ” asked Miss Beautiful. “Well, let me see. I promise to 28 the secret.” Mr. Happy 29 his hat. He had the total of only three hairs on his head! “Is that all you’re worried about?” asked Miss Beautiful. “Why? Your bright sunny smile 30 by everybody, not how many hairs you have!” Miss Beautiful smiled. Ever since that day, Mr. Happy hasn’t stopped smiling. He is always quick to lift his hat to everyone he meets. 1．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young. A．who B．when C．where D．which 2．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 3．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 4．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days. A．who B．which C．whose 5．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. A．where B．when C．which D．who 6．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. A．when B．who C．that 7．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—I feel so nervous. What should I do? —You’d better listen to music that ________. A．helps you relax B．you can dance C．makes you sad 8．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 9．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music. A．play B．plays C．was playing D．is playing 10．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. A．what B．which C．who D．/ 11．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 12．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the best story ________ I have ever read. A．who B．where C．that 13．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 14．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Su Bingtian is a player ________ runs fastest in China at present. A．which B．who C．what D．where 15．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）The woman astronaut ________ gave us a lesson on space is Liu Yang. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 16．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Who is the hero in your mind? —Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great progress in deep-sea exploration (勘探). A．where B．which C．who 17．（2023·青海·中考真题）A best friend is a person _________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” A．whom B．whose C．who 18．（2023·湖北十堰·中考真题）I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life. A．which B．whose C．whom D．who 19．（2023·新疆·中考真题）Lots of Chinese young people ___________ were born after 1995 use door-to-door cooking to save time. A．that B．those C．which D．/ 20．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved. A．who B．that C．whom 21．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating. A．which B．who C．what D．whom 22．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year has become a new tourist attraction. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 23．（2023·吉林·中考真题）The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days. A．who B．where C．which 24．（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help? — We could help them with their study online on weekends. A．which B．who C．whom 25．（2023·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class lively. A．which B．whose C．who 26．（2023·四川乐山·中考真题）Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world. A．which B．whom C．who 27．（2023·湖南株洲·中考真题）Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to its national character. A．what B．who C．that 28．（2023·湖南郴州·中考真题）Tea is the leaf of a plant ________ grows widely in China, Japan and other countries. A．what B．who C．that 29．（2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Lei Feng is a great person ________ sets a good example to us. A．who B．which C．whose 30．（2023·四川成都·中考真题）He showed me the photos ________ he took at his graduation ceremony. A．that B．who C．what 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题06 定语从句的用法 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练（6大考点） 考点一 that/ which/who引导的定语从句 考点二 只能用that的情况 考点三 只用which的情况 考点四 考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句 考点五 对“关系代词whose”的考查 考点六 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词确定 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 that/ which/who引导的定语从句 【知识积累·练前热身】 先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用that不用which。 1）当先行词是不定代词a11，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时。 2）先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11，any，every，each，few，little，no，some， the only．the very．the last等修饰时。 3）如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。 【考例】Without friendship, one can't be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days __ I spent with my dearest friend. A. that B. when C. who D. which [答案]A。[解析]在定语从句中，引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。由先行词the days作spent的宾语可判定用that引导。 【巩固练习】 1．—What kind of music do you like, Cindy? —Well, I prefer music ________ has great lyrics. A．what B．who C．how D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——Cindy，你喜欢什么类型的音乐？——嗯，我更喜欢歌词优美的音乐。 考查定语从句引导词。根据“I prefer music ... has great lyrics.”可知，本句是定语从句，先行词是music，且在从句中作主语，用that/which引导定语从句。故选D。 2．I will remember the important people ________ helped me a lot in my life. A．that B．where C．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我会记住那些在我生命中帮助了我很多的重要人物。 考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。此句是定语从句，这里需要填入一个关系词来引导定语从句，修饰先行词the important people。that用作关系代词，指代先行词“people”，并在从句中作主语；where用作关系副词，表示地点，不能用来指代“people”；which用作关系代词，指物，不指人，不能用来指代“people”。故选A。 3．The expressions ________ good speakers use depends on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other. A．which B．who C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：好的演讲者使用的表达取决于他们在和谁说话或者他们彼此了解的程度。 考查定语从句的关系词。which哪一个；who谁；what什么。根据“The expressions ... good speakers use depends on whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other.”可知，先行词指物，且在从句中作宾语，故关系词应用which。故选A。 4．Have you ever heard of the news ______ is about the Strawberry Concert? A．who B．when C．what D．which 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你听说了那则关于草莓音乐会的新闻了吗？ 考查定语从句的关系词。who谁；when什么时候；what什么；which哪一个。本题先行词是news，且定语从句缺少主语，因此只能选用关系代词，只有which符合题意。故选D。 5．Mike is a friendly boy ________ likes to go out and meet new people all the time. A．who B．which C．what D．when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：Mike是一个友好的男孩，总是喜欢出去认识新朋友。 考查定语从句关系词。who关系代词，指代人，在从句中作主语；which关系代词，指代物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不能引导定语从句；when关系副词，指代时间，在从句中作状语。句子先行词是“boy”，指代人，且在从句中作主语，应用who引导定语从句，故选A。 只能用that的情况 【知识积累·练前热身】 先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用that不用which。 1）当先行词是不定代词a11，few，little，much，something，anything，nothing，everything等时。 2）先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级以及被a11，any，every，each，few，little，no，some， the only．the very．the last等修饰时。 3）如果先行词既指人又指物，应用关系代词that。 【考例】Without friendship, one can't be happy although he is rich enough. As for me, I will never forget the days __ I spent with my dearest friend. A. that B. when C. who D. which [答案]A。[解析]在定语从句中，引导词who(指人)which(指物)that(指人或物)。由先行词the days作spent的宾语可判定用that引导。 【巩固练习】 1．In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one ________ is well worth ________. A．what; to read B．that; read C．that; reading D．who; reading 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在我看来，在所有的书中，这是唯一一本值得一读的书。 考查定语从句关系词和形容词短语。what什么；that那个；who谁；read读书，动词原形；reading为read的现在分词或动名词；to read为read的不定式。根据“In my opinion, of all the books, this is the only one…is well worth…”可知，第一个空处考查定语从句，先行词是“the only one”，关系代词用that；第二个空处为形容词短语，be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”，固定词组。故选C。 2．—Your father’s birthday is coming soon, Liu Tao. What’s your surprise for your father? —The first thing ________ I will do is to make a card for him. A．who B．where C．whose D．that 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——刘涛，你父亲的生日快到了。你打算给父亲什么惊喜？——我要做的第一件事就是为他做一张卡片。 考查定语从句的关系词。who关系代词，代指人；where关系代词，代指地点；whose关系代词，谁的；that关系代词，代指人或物。根据“The first thing”可知，先行词被序数词修饰，在从句中作宾语，所以关系代词用that。故选D。 3．They like the biggest tree ________ can keep us cool under it. A．that B．which C．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他们喜欢那棵最大的树，它能让我们在下面保持凉爽。 考查定语从句。that在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语，先行词是人或物；which在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语，先行词是物；who在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语，先行词是人。本句中的先行词是tree，表示物，被形容词最高级修饰时，用that引导。故选A。 4．I like the second shirt ________ we bought last week. A．which B．that C．who 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢我们上周买的第二件衬衫。 考查关系代词。分析句子，该句是定语从句，先行词“shirt”表示物，且被序数词“the second”修饰，关系代词填that。故选B。 5．You should do all ______________ is helpful to improve your English. A．what B．that C．it D．which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你应该做一切有助于提高你英语水平的事情。 考查定语从句。what不引导定语从句；that引导定语从句，先行词指人或指物；it它，人称代词，不引导从句；which引导定语从句，先行词指物。分析句子可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是all，是不定代词，从句中缺主语，关系代词只能用that不能用which。故选B。 只用which的情况 【知识积累·练前热身】 先行词是物时，一般情况既可用that也可用which.但下列情况下，只能用which不用that。 1).关系代词前有介词时，关系词只能用which 。 This is the building in which he lives . 2).先行词本身是that时，关系词只能用which 。 The clock is that which tells the time . 3).引导非限定性的定语从句（先行词是物且先行词与关系词用逗号隔开），关系词用which。 His book , which was lost last week , has been found now. 【巩固练习】 1．Chengdu is a big city in ________ we can learn ancient Shu culture and enjoy modern life. A．which B．who C．that D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：成都是一座大城市，我们可以在这里学习古蜀文化，享受现代生活。 考查定语从句。which先行词为物；who先行词为人；that先行词为物/人；whom先行词为人。此处先行词是city，指物，且结合介词in，可知此处是“介词+which”引导的定语从句。故选A。 2．This is the man with _______ I talked just now. A．who B．that C．which D．whom 【答案】D 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是刚刚和我说话的人。先行词为the man，引导词用whom,在从句中作宾语，短语：和某人谈话 talk with sb,所以此空应填with whom，选D。 3．Xi’an is an ancient city, ________ is full of places of interest and it is very popular this year. A．which B．where C．who D．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：西安是一座古老的城市，那里有很多名胜古迹，今年很受欢迎。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是物“an ancient city”，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选A。 4．—Do you like the red car ________ is made in Tianjin? —Sure, it looks terrific. A．where B．who C．which D．when 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢天津制造的那辆红色的轿车吗？——当然，它看起来棒极了。 考查定语从句关系词。where/when关系副词；who关系代词，修饰人；which关系代词，修饰物。先行词为“the red car”，为物，且在从句中做主语，故用关系代词which。故选C。 5．The book is about a true story ________ happened in my hometown. A．which B．who C．whom D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这本书讲的是发生在我家乡的一个真实故事。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空后部分为定语从句，修饰先行词“story”，为物，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导该从句。故选A。 考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句 【知识积累·练前热身】 考查关系副词where、when与why引导的定语从句 它们相当于“介词+which"，其中where=in／at +which；when=at／in／during +which；why=for +which。 (1) 关系副词where引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。 (2) 关系副词when引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。 (3)关系副词why引导定语从句时，只能在定语从句中作原因状语，其修饰的名词必 须是表示原因的名词。 【巩固练习】 1．October 1, 1949 was the day ______________ the People’s Republic of China was founded. A．which B．when C．where D．in which 【答案】B 【详解】句意：1949年10月1日是中华人民共和国成立的日子。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是the day，表示时间，在从句中作状语，应用关系副词when来引导定语从句。故选B。 2．Have you visited the house ______________ the famous scientist was born? A．where B．in that C．that D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你参观过那位著名科学家出生的房子吗？ 考查定语从句。where关系副词，在定语从句中作状语；in that不用于定语从句；that关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子，该句是定语从句，先行词是“the house”，从句部分缺少的是状语，应该表达为the famous scientist was born in the house，从句需要补一个介词in才能完整，所以in the house可以用关系副词where代替。故选A。 3．I wonder the reason ________ you were late for school yesterday. A．why B．where C．when D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我想知道你昨天上学迟到的原因。 考查定语从句的关系词。why为什么；where在哪里；when当…时；who谁。根据句意和句子结构可知，此空应填关系副词why，引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词reason，并在从句中作状语，表示原因。故选A。 4．I like places ________ people are nice and friendly such as Xi’an. A．where B．that C．what D．who 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我喜欢人们友好和善的地方，比如西安。 考查定语从句。先行词是places，表示地点，在从句中作状语，应用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选A。 5．I can never forget the day_________ we worked together and the day______ we spent together. A．when: which B．which: when C．what: that D．on which: when 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我永远忘不了我们一起工作的那一天和一起度过的那一天。 考查定语从句的关系词。先行词the day指时间，再根据句子结构可知，关系词在第一个从句中作状语，则第一个空应用关系副词when；而关系词在第二个从句中作宾语，则第二个空应用关系代词which或that。故选A。 对关系词“Whose”的考查 【知识积累·练前热身】 考查以who，whom与whose引导的定语从句 (1)如果先行词是指人的不定代词anyone，anybody，everyone，everybody，someone，somebody，nobody，one，ones，those，all(指人)等作先行词，作主语用who，作宾语用whom。who而不用which。 (2)在非限制性定语从句中，指人作主语用who，作宾语用whom，who。 (3)在定语从句中，作定语的关系代词只能用whose. 【巩固练习】 1．This is the man ______________ son died in a traffic accident. A．whose B．whom C．who D．that 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这就是儿子在车祸中丧生的那个人。 考查定语从句。在定语从句中，关系代词who（whom）和that都可指人和物（whom只作宾语，不作主语），在一般情况下，可以互换使用；whose是who的所有格，在从句中作定语，当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系，表达“……的”意思时，用关系代词whose引导定语从句，它既可以修饰人也可以修饰物。根据句意和句子结构可知，此句是定语从句。先行词the man和从句中的son存在所属关系，所以，关系代词要用whose。此处用whose符合题意。故选A。 2．A teacher is the person ________ work is to teach students carefully. A．who B．which C．where D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：老师的工作就是认真地教导学生。 考查关系代词。who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；where在定语从句中作状语；whose在定语从句中作定语。分析句子结构，该句是定语从句，先行词是“the person”，设空处后为名词“work”，指的是“the person”的工作，填whose修饰“work”。故选D。 3．Do you know the book ________ cover has a beautiful picture is Mary’s? A．which B．that C．who D．whose 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你知道那本封面有美丽图画的书是玛丽的吗？ 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是the book，关系词在从句中作定语，修饰名词cover，用whose引导定语从句。故选D。 4．Lily is a beautiful girl ________ dream is to be a scientist in the future. A．who B．whose C．which D．that 【答案】B 【详解】句意：莉莉是一个美丽的女孩，她的梦想是将来成为一名科学家。 考查关系代词。who关系代词,指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，指人或物的，在定语从句中作定语；which关系代词，指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；that关系代词，指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。分析题干可知，句子为含定语从句的复合句，先行词girl和dream之间是所属关系，而且关系代词在定语从句中作定语，应用whose来引导从句。故选B。 5．I love singers ________ songs are written by themselves. They are creative. A．who B．which C．whose D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我喜欢自己写歌的歌手。他们很有创造力。 考查定语从句的引导词。who的先行词指人，在从句中作主语和宾语；which的先行词指物，在从句中作主语和宾语；whose的先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语；whom的先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。分析题干可知，空格处是定语从句的引导词，引导词在句中作定语修饰名词songs“歌曲”，故选C。 关系代词在定语从句中作主语，定语从句谓语动词的确定 【知识积累·练前热身】 that、who、which在定语从句中作主语时，定语从句的谓语动词应与先行词保持一致。 I loves singers who write their own songs . She is one of the girls who studies hard . 【巩固练习】 1．Li Ming says he loves singers ______ their own music. A．which write B．that writes C．who write D．who writes 【答案】C 【详解】句意：李明说他喜欢自己创作音乐的歌手。 考查定语从句和主谓一致。分析句子可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是singers，关系词在从句中作主语，用who/that引导定语从句，此处关系词指代singers，在从句中作主语，谓语动词用原形。故选C。 2．I prefer movies __________ me something to think about. A．which gives B．that gives C．that give D．who give 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我更喜欢能让我思考的电影。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，句子是定语从句，先行词是movies，指物，在从句中作主语，应该用关系代词that或者which引导定语从句，排除D选项；主语是movies，谓语动词用复数形式give。故选C。 3．I like teachers ________ friendly to students. A．who is B．who are C．that is D．whom are 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我喜欢对学生友好的老师。 考查定语从句。分析句子，可知此句为定语从句，先行词“teachers”，指人，且为名词复数，故be动词用are；关系词在句中作主语，不能用whom。故选B。 4．I like food ________ sweet. A．that are B．who are C．that is D．who is 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我喜欢甜的食物。 考查定语从句。根据“I like food ... sweet.”可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句；先行词“food”指物，用关系代词that引导，其中that在从句中作主语，从句的谓语动词用单数is。故选C。 5．According to the recent survey, many students prefer music ________ full of energy. A．that are B．which are C．what is D．that is 【答案】D 【详解】句意：根据最近的一项调查，许多学生喜欢充满活力的音乐。 考查定语从句。根据“ music”可知，先行词是music，关系代词用which/that，且先行词是不可数名词，因此从句的谓语动词用is，故选D。 一、完形填空 A professor (教授) was holding a cup of milk in his hand before class. Then he asked the students, “Can you 1 what this cup weighs?” “Fifty grams!” “One hundred grams!”… the students answered. Then the professor said, “What happens if I hold it up like this for a few 2 ?” “Nothing,” the students answered together. “All right. What about an hour?” the professor 3 . “Your arm will feel 4 ,” one student replied. “You’re right. What if I hold it for a day?” the professor smiled. “Your arm will be sore and numb (麻木),” 5 student shouted and all the students laughed. “Very well. But has the 6 of the cup changed?” asked the professor, turning 7 . “No,” answered all together. “So what makes the arm ache and numb? What should I do 8 my arm starts to hurt?” The students were 9 . “Put the cup on the table!” said one of the students. “Yes,” said the professor. “In fact, life’s 10 are sometimes like this glass of milk in my hand. It doesn’t 11 if you hold it for a few minutes. But if you hold it too 12 , it can eat your heart, mind and soul, making you a slave (奴隶) to it.” “It’s true that we should pay attention 13 problems in our life, but we should not always think about them. Or it will make you under too much pressure. When we 14 the cup, we want the milk. But if we always hold it and refuse to let it go, then we will 15 become its slaves.” 1．A．accept B．guess C．spread D．protect 2．A．days B．weeks C．minutes D．months 3．A．continued B．encouraged C．stopped D．offered 4．A．untidy B．unhappy C．uncomfortable D．unhealthy 5．A．either B．else C．other D．another 6．A．size B．height C．weight D．shape 7．A．funny B．excited C．red D．serious 8．A．because B．before C．though D．since 9．A．surprised B．excited C．moved D．puzzled 10．A．excuses B．problems C．examples D．subjects 11．A．matter B．trouble C．seem D．care 12．A．high B．short C．long D．low 13．A．at B．to C．on D．with 14．A．take down B．put off C．pick up D．run out 15．A．lately B．gradually C．quickly D．differently 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了教授通过一个实验：杯子举得时间越长，你会越累，告诉我们一个人应该学会把东西放下。 1．句意：然后他问学生们：“你能猜出这个杯子的重量吗？” accept接受；guess猜；spread传播；protect保护。根据“‘Fifty grams!’ ‘One hundred grams!’… the students answered.”可知，是让同学们猜重量。故选B。 2．句意：然后教授说：“如果我这样拿着它几分钟会怎么样？” days天；weeks星期；minutes分钟；months月。根据“Nothing,”可知，应该是拿几分钟。故选C。 3．句意：“好吧。一个小时怎么样？”教授继续说。 continued继续；encouraged鼓励；stopped停止；offered提供。根据“What about an hour?”可知，教授是继续问道。故选A。 4．句意：“你的手臂会感到不舒服，”一名学生回答。 untidy不整洁的；unhappy不高兴的；uncomfortable不舒服的；unhealthy不健康的。根据“Your arm will be sore and numb (麻木)”可知，是说你的胳膊会不舒服。故选C。 5．句意：“你的手臂会酸痛麻木的，”另一名学生喊道，所有的学生都笑了。 either两者中任意一个；else其它的；other别的；another另一个。根据“one student replied.”可知，此处是指另一个学生喊道。故选D。 6．句意：“很好。但是杯子的重量变了吗？”教授严肃地转过身来问。 size尺寸；height长度；weight重量；shape形状。根据“what this cup weighs.”可知，教授一直问的是重量。故选C。 7．句意：“很好。但是杯子的重量变了吗？”教授严肃地转过身来问。 funny有趣的；excited兴奋的；red红的；serious严肃的。根据“student shouted and all the students laughed”及“turning”可知，学生们在笑，教授变得严肃起来。故选D。 8．句意：在我的手臂开始疼之前，我该怎么办？ because因为；before在……之前；though尽管；since自从。根据“Put the cup on the table!”可知，是在手臂疼之前把杯子放在桌子上。故选B。 9．句意：学生们感到困惑。 surprised吃惊的；excited兴奋的；moved感动的；puzzled迷惑的。根据“What should I do before my arm starts to hurt?”可知，学生们是对这个问题感到困惑。故选D。 10．句意：事实上，生活中的问题有时就像我手中的这杯牛奶。 excuses借口；problems问题；examples例子；subjects科目。根据“problems in our life”可知，是指生活中的问题。故选B。 11．句意：你拿着它几分钟没关系。 matter关系；trouble麻烦；seem看来；care关心。根据“if you hold it for a few minutes.”及前面同学们回答的“Nothing”可知，是拿几分钟没有关系。故选A。 12．句意：但如果你拿得太久，它会吃掉你的心、思想和灵魂，让你成为它的奴隶。 high高；short短的；long长的；low低的。根据“if you hold it for a few minutes.”及But可知，此处与前面几分钟对比，应该是如果你拿的太久。故选C。 13．句意：我们确实应该关注生活中的问题，但我们不应该总是想着它们。 at在；to到；on在……上面；with和。pay attention to“注意”，固定搭配。故选B。 14．句意：当我们拿起杯子时，我们想要牛奶。 take down取下；put off推迟；pick up拿起；run out用完。根据“we want the milk.”可知，是当我们拿起杯子时。故选C。 15．句意：但如果我们总是持有它，拒绝放手，那么我们就会逐渐成为它的奴隶。 lately最近；gradually逐渐；quickly迅速地；differently不同。根据“But if we always hold it and refuse to let it go”可知，应表达如果我们总是不放手，那么我们就会逐渐成为它的奴隶。故选B。 二、阅读理解 Walk or drive to work? Which way is lower in carbon? To be friendly to the environment, you may choose to walk. Have you ever tried to live a low-carbon life through your diet? A new study from the University of Oxford has looked into the health and environmental influences of 15 foods common in western diets. Among these, plant-based foods included fruits, vegetables, nuts and potatoes. It also studied animal-based foods, including red meat, chicken, milk products, eggs and fish. According to the study’s lead researcher, Michael Clark, “Choosing better and greener diets is one of the main ways people can improve their health and protect the environment.” That is to say, plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment. To get this result, researchers compared the influence of eating another portion (一份) of each food with the increased risk of a few illnesses. They also find out the environmental harm for each animal-based food and each plant-based food. By using this method, the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods to the environment. Keeping farm animals produces a large number of methane (甲烷) that keeps 30 times more heat than CO2. As well as making the earth warmer, eating too much red meat is known to increase the risk of a few illnesses, such as heart trouble. Plant-based diets can give us the same health benefits (好处) in a much greener way. According to the study, without eating or using meat and milk products, global farmland use could be cut down by more than 75% and still feed the world. Speaking to the Guardian (《卫报》), Tim Benton of Chatham House said, “If we can give people reasonable official advice of what a healthy and green diet is, the world and its people would be in a much better place.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 16．How does the writer lead into the topic in Paragraph 1? A．By giving an example. B．By asking questions. C．By making a comparison. D．By making a survey. 17．Which one is animal-based food? A． B． C． D． 18．What’s the result of this study? A．Many people choose to walk to work. B．Plant-based diets are healthier and greener. C．The more we eat, the better the environment is. D．15 foods common in western diets are not healthy. 19．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．The harm of CO2. B．The risk of heart trouble. C．A reason for keeping animals. D．Two disadvantages of red meats. 20．What will this study probably be used for? A．Teaching farmers to plant vegetables correctly. B．Offering doctors new methods to treat patients. C．Guiding people to lose weight by doing exercise. D．Giving official advice on health and environment. 【答案】16．B 17．A 18．B 19．D 20．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了低碳饮食的相关内容。 16．推理判断题。根据“Walk or drive to work? Which way is lower in carbon?”可知，第一段通过一些问题引出文章的主题。故选B。 17．细节理解题。根据“It also studied animal-based foods, including red meat, chicken, milk products, eggs and fish.”可知，奶制品属于动物性食物。故选A. 18．细节理解题。根据“That is to say, plant-based diets are much healthier for us and kinder to the environment.”可知，植物性饮食更健康更环保。故选B。 19．主旨大意题。根据“By using this method, the study found that red meats were the most unfriendly foods to the environment.”及通读本段内容可知，本段只要介绍了红肉的两个缺点。故选D。 20．推理判断题。根据“Speaking to the Guardian (《卫报》), Tim Benton of Chatham House said, ‘If we can give people reasonable official advice of what a healthy and green diet is, the world and its people would be in a much better place.’”可推知，这个研究可以用于提供健康和环境方面的官方建议。故选D。 三、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 love    how    lift    bright    I    for    angry    when    the    keep Mr. Happy always woke up with a sunny smile. He was one of the most cheerful men in the world. His smile was even 21 than the sun. However, he had one secret that made him sad, but nobody knew about it. Then one day, while going out 22 a walk, Mr. Happy met Miss Beautiful. Mr. Happy smiled as usual and Miss Beautiful smiled back. But then she stopped and looked at Mr. Happy 23 . “ 24 impolite!” She shouted. “Young man, don’t you know that you should take off your hat 25 you meet a lady!” For 26 first time in his life, Mr. Happy lost his smile. “I’m sorry, Miss Beautiful,” replied Mr. Happy. “But without 27 hat on, I’m not very good-looking and that makes me sad.” “Really? ” asked Miss Beautiful. “Well, let me see. I promise to 28 the secret.” Mr. Happy 29 his hat. He had the total of only three hairs on his head! “Is that all you’re worried about?” asked Miss Beautiful. “Why? Your bright sunny smile 30 by everybody, not how many hairs you have!” Miss Beautiful smiled. Ever since that day, Mr. Happy hasn’t stopped smiling. He is always quick to lift his hat to everyone he meets. 【答案】 21．brighter 22．for 23．angrily 24．How 25．when 26．the 27．my 28．keep 29．lifted 30．is loved 【导语】本文主要讲述了快乐先生总是带着灿烂的微笑醒来，他是世界上最快乐的人之一，然而，他有一个秘密，使他难过，后来在美丽小姐的开导下，他终于释怀了，从那天起，快乐先生就没有停止过微笑。 21．句意：他的笑容比太阳还要灿烂。根据“than the sun”及所给单词可知，此处是指他的笑容比太阳还要灿烂，用bright的比较级brighter。故填brighter。 22．句意：然后有一天，在外出散步时，快乐先生遇到了美丽的小姐。根据“while going out...a walk”可知，是外出散步，用介词for表示目的。故填for。 23．句意：但后来她停了下来，愤怒地看着快乐先生。根据“How impolite!”可知，她是愤怒地看着快乐先生，用angry的副词形式angrily修饰动词look。故填angrily。 24．句意：“太不礼貌了！”根据“...impolite!”可知，此句为感叹句，修饰形容词，用how引导，句首字母大写。故填How。 25．句意：“年轻人，难道你不知道当你遇到一位女士时应该摘下帽子吗？”根据“don’t you know that you should take off your hat...you meet a lady!”可知，此处应为when引导的时间状语从句。故填when。 26．句意：快乐先生生平第一次失去了笑容。空处修饰序数词first用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 27．句意：“但不戴帽子，我长得不好看，这让我很难过。”空处修饰名词hat，用所给单词I的形容词性物主代词my“我的”。故填my。 28．句意：我保证保守秘密。根据“the secret”及所给单词可知，应表达保守秘密，keep“保持”，promise to do sth“承诺做某事”，空处用动词原形。故填keep。 29．句意：快乐先生举起帽子。根据“He had the total of only three hairs on his head!”可知，他是举起了帽子，lift“举起”，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填lifted。 30．句意：你阳光灿烂的笑容被大家喜爱，而不是你有多少头发！根据“by everybody”及所给单词可知，应表达被大家喜爱，被动语态，直接引语中，时态用一般现在时，smile作主语，be动词用is，love的过去分词为loved。故填is loved 1．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young. A．who B．when C．where D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：虽然我的祖父已经90多岁了，但他仍然记得他年轻时遇到的那些人。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，先行词是“the people”，从句中缺少主语，指人，应用who引导定语从句。故选A。 2．（2024·内蒙古·中考真题）In difficult times, there are always national heroes ________ step up and bring people hope. A．whom B．who C．which D．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在困难时期，总是会有挺身而出、给人们带来希望的国家英雄。 考查定语从句的关系词。whom先行词为人，在从句中充当宾语；who先行词为人，在从句中充当主语；which先行词为物；whose先行词为人，在从句中充当定语。此处引导定语从句，修饰先行词heroes，是人；根据先行词在从句中充当主语，所以用who引导。故选B。 3．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work. A．who B．whose C．which D．whom 【答案】A 【详解】句意：有些人认为成功只属于那些有天赋的人或那些成长在合适的家庭的人，而另一些人则认为成功主要取决于努力工作。 考查定语从句。who先行词是人，在句中作主语/宾语；whose谁的；which先行词是物，在句中作主语/宾语；whom先行词是人，在句中作宾语。本句是定语从句，先行词是those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用who。故选A。 4．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days. A．who B．which C．whose 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“科目三”是最近很受欢迎的引人注目的舞蹈表演。 考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词dance performance指物，在从句中作主语，关系词用which，故选B。 5．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky. A．where B．when C．which D．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：作为一个科学爱好者，我希望我能发明一辆能在空中飞行的自行车。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a bike，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。 6．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer. —Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun. A．when B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。——我也是。这三天是有意义的，充满了乐趣。 考查定语从句。when先行词为时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词为人，在从句中作主语/宾语；that先行词为人/物。根据“experiences”可知，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导。故选C。 7．（2024·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—I feel so nervous. What should I do? —You’d better listen to music that ________. A．helps you relax B．you can dance C．makes you sad 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我感到很紧张，我该怎么办？——你最好听听能帮助你放松的音乐。 考查定语从句和情景交际。helps you relax帮你放松；you can dance你能跳舞；makes you sad让你伤心。分析句子可知，that后是定语从句，修饰名词music，B项语法上错误，应是you can dance to；结合“I feel so nervous, what should I do?”可知，空处给出的建议应是帮助对方消除紧张，所以A项符合语境，故选A。 8．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble. A．who B．whom C．whose D．which 【答案】A 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是在你困难的时候能帮助你的人。 考查定语从句引导词。who指人，在句中作主语/宾语；whom指人，在句中作宾语；whose在句中作定语；which在句中指物。空格所在句为定语从句，修饰名词person，指人，并且在句中作主语，用引导词who。故选A。 9．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）Linda prefers musicians who ________ different kinds of music. A．play B．plays C．was playing D．is playing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：琳达更喜欢能演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。 考查动词时态。根据“Linda prefers musicians who…”可知，时态为一般现在时；关系代词who代替先行词musicians，在从句中作主语，谓语动词应使用动词原形。故选A。 10．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best? —I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed. A．what B．which C．who D．/ 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪种电影？——我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词the movies指物，且连接词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，且不可省略。故选B。 11．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears. A．what B．which C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：真正的朋友是一个永远会与你分享欢笑和泪水的人。 考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which哪一个，先行词指物；who谁，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词a person指人，且连接词在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选C。 12．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the best story ________ I have ever read. A．who B．where C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：《愚公移山》是我读过的最好的故事。 考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是story，关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。 13．（2023·辽宁朝阳·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ reaches for your hand and touches your heart. A．who B．whom C．which D．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：一个真正的朋友是一个可以援手帮助并感动你心扉的人。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。 14．（2023·西藏·中考真题）Su Bingtian is a player ________ runs fastest in China at present. A．which B．who C．what D．where 【答案】B 【详解】句意：苏炳添是目前中国跑得最快的运动员。 考查定语从句。根据语境，题干设空后是一个定语从句，先行词指人，空处作主语，因此应用who作关系词。故选B。 15．（2023·辽宁阜新·中考真题）The woman astronaut ________ gave us a lesson on space is Liu Yang. A．which B．whose C．who D．whom 【答案】C 【详解】句意：给我们在太空上上了一课的女宇航员叫刘洋。 考查定语从句。先行词是The woman astronaut，是人，且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。 16．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—Who is the hero in your mind? —Huang Danian. He is a scientist ________ has helped China make great progress in deep-sea exploration (勘探). A．where B．which C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你心目中的英雄是谁？——黄大年。他是一位帮助中国在深海勘探方面取得巨大进展的科学家。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 17．（2023·青海·中考真题）A best friend is a person _________ is always there when you need him or her. As the saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.” A．whom B．whose C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：最好的朋友是当你需要他或她时总是在那里的人。俗话说：“患难见真情。” 考查定语从句关系词。根据“a person ... is always there when you need him or her”可知此处是定语从句，先行词指人且在从句中作主语，用who引导定语从句。故选C。 18．（2023·湖北十堰·中考真题）I will remember the important people ________ helped and supported me in my life. A．which B．whose C．whom D．who 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我将记住在我的生活中帮助和支持我的重要的人。 考查定语从句。which哪一个；whose谁的；whom谁；who谁。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词people是指人，在从句中作主语，用关系词who引导定语从句，故选D。 19．（2023·新疆·中考真题）Lots of Chinese young people ___________ were born after 1995 use door-to-door cooking to save time. A．that B．those C．which D．/ 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了节省时间，很多95后的中国年轻人都采用上门做饭的方式。 考查定语从句引导词。that引导定语从句时，先行词是人/物，在句中作主语或宾语；those那些，指示代词；which引导定语从句时，先行词是物，在句中作主语或宾语；/不填。空后“...were born after 1995”在句中作定语修饰名词，先行词Chinese young people，指人，且空处在句中作主语，所以用who引导，故选A。 20．（2023·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）If we study hard with big dreams, there is nothing ________ can’t be achieved. A．who B．that C．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果我们怀着远大的梦想努力学习，没有什么是不能实现的。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是nothing，引导词在从句中作主语，只能用that引导。故选B。 21．（2023·四川遂宁·中考真题）Miss Xiang is a great teacher _________always makes her classes lively and fascinating. A．which B．who C．what D．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：向老师是一位优秀的老师，她总是使她的课生动有趣。 考查who引导的限制性定语从句。which（……的）那个；who谁；what什么；whom谁，who的宾格。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为a great teacher，因此空白处应填入指人的关系代词，在定语从句中作主语指人应用who来引导定语从句。故选B。 22．（2023·辽宁营口·中考真题）The Aerospace Square ________ was completed last year has become a new tourist attraction. A．which B．who C．whom D．where 【答案】A 【详解】句意：去年竣工的航天广场已成为一个新的旅游景点。 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，“...was completed last year”是作定语修饰The Aerospace Square，所以是定语从句，先行词是物，空处在句中作主语，所以用关系词which引导。故选A。 23．（2023·吉林·中考真题）The students are reading books ________ are full of the “red spirit” these days. A．who B．where C．which 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些天，学生们正在读充满“红色精神”的书。 考查定语从句。who谁；where哪儿；which哪个。本句含定语从句，先行词books指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 24．（2023·黑龙江·中考真题）— What can we do for the left-home children ________ need help? — We could help them with their study online on weekends. A．which B．who C．whom 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我们能为需要帮助的留守儿童做些什么？——我们可以在周末帮助他们在线学习。 考查定语从句。which先行词指物；who先行词指人，在从句中作主语；whom先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。本句先行词是the left-home children，指人，且空格处在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选B。 25．（2023·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）Mrs. Wang is an English teacher ________ makes her class lively. A．which B．whose C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：王老师是一位英语老师，她使她的课堂生动活泼。 考查定语从句。句子含定语从句，先行词是teacher，指人，从句缺主语，用关系代词who引导从句。故选C。 26．（2023·四川乐山·中考真题）Guo Moruo is a famous Chinese writer ________ is popular around the world. A．which B．whom C．who 【答案】C 【详解】句意：郭沫若是一位著名的中国作家，在世界各地都很受欢迎。 考查定语从句。which指物，从句作主语，宾语；whom指人，从句作宾语；who指人，从句中作主语，宾语。根据语义及句子结构可知，前后为两个句子，且空后句子为定语从句，修饰先行词writer“作家”，指人，且在定语从句中充当主语，用关系词who。故选C。 27．（2023·湖南株洲·中考真题）Today’s China is a country ________ keeps to its national character. A．what B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：今天的中国是一个保持民族性的国家。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是“a country”，指物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。 28．（2023·湖南郴州·中考真题）Tea is the leaf of a plant ________ grows widely in China, Japan and other countries. A．what B．who C．that 【答案】C 【详解】句意：茶是一种广泛生长在中国、日本和其他国家的植物的叶子。 考查定语从句。分析题干可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词“a plant”为物，空处在定语从句中作主语，应用that/which引导，故选C。 29．（2023·湖南岳阳·中考真题）Lei Feng is a great person ________ sets a good example to us. A．who B．which C．whose 【答案】A 【详解】句意：雷锋是一个伟大的人，他给我们树立了好榜样。 考查定语从句。此处是定语从句，先行词是人，引导词在从句中作主语，故选A。 30．（2023·四川成都·中考真题）He showed me the photos ________ he took at his graduation ceremony. A．that B．who C．what 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他给我看了他在毕业典礼上拍的照片。 考查定语从句。that引导定语从句，先行词是人/物；who引导定语从句，先行词是人；what不引导定语从句。本句中先行词“the photos”是物，且在句中作宾语，用引导词that。故选A。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$