重难点03 语法填空之非谓语动词-2025年高考英语【热点•重点•难点】专练（新高考通用）

重难点03 语法填空之非谓语动词 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1考查动词不定式短语作目的状语 （5年11考） 2024新课标I卷—to give; 2024浙江1月卷—to benefit; 2023全国甲卷—to teach; 2022新课标I卷—to increase; 2022新课标II卷—to see; 2022新课标I卷--To strengthen; 2021新课标II卷—to educate; 2021浙江卷—to plant; 2020全国I卷—to find; 2020全国III卷--to find; 2020·浙江卷—to change。 1. 考查动词不定式短语作目的状语，不定式多放在句首，后边多用逗号。 2.考查动词不定式短语作定语，名词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。 3.考查动词不定式短语作主语，多用于It takes time to do sth句型。 4.考查动词不定式短语作宾语，需要牢记aim, threaten, agree, decide等动词常接动词不定式作宾语。 5.考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语用于allow, encourage, persuade等动词用于“动词+sb to do sth.”。 6.考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义，常用于“be+形容词+不定式”结构。 7.考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义，常用于“be to blame”结构。 考点2考查动词不定式短语作定语 （5年4考） 2022全国甲卷—to journey; 2022北京卷—to harm; 2022北京卷—to invest; 2019·全国II卷--to retire。 考点3考查动词不定式短语作主语 （5年2考） 2021全国甲卷—to walk; 2020北京卷—to break。 考点4考查动词不定式短语作宾语 （5年5考） 2024全国甲卷—to catch; 2023新课标I卷—to bite; 2022新课标II卷—how to thank; 2022浙江1月卷—plan to continue; 2021全国乙卷—aim to have。 考点5考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语或原因状语 （5年3考） 2024新课标II卷—to find; 2022浙江卷—to do; 2020浙江1月卷--to increase。 考点6考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义 （5年1考） 2020全国II卷—to care。 考点一：考查动词不定式短语作目的状语，不定式多放在句首，后边多用逗号。 1.（2024新课标I卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 2.（2024九省联考卷）He knows that computers are here (stay) and that they will not disappear. 3.（2024浙江1月卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 4.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 5.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority __________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 6.（2022新课标II卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up __________ (see) them. 7.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 8.（2021新课标II卷）I decided to do something __________ (educate) people about this problem. 9.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over __________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. 10.（2020全国I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 __________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 11.（2020全国III卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out __________ (find) the well-known painter. 12.(2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology __________ (change)lives. 考点二：考查动词不定式短语作定语，名词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。 13.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 14.（2022北京卷）As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention __________ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 15.（2021北京卷）Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need (invest) in disaster prevention. 16. (2019·全国II卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans __________(retire) from her 36-year-old business. 考点三：考查动词不定式短语作主语，多用于It takes time to do sth句型。 17.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 18.（2020北京卷）It takes them hundreds of years __________ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. 考点四：考查动词不定式短语作宾语，牢记aim, threaten, agree, decide等动词常接动词不定式作宾语。 19.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____________ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 20.（2023新课标I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 21.（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 22.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________to thank him.” 23.（2022浙江1月卷）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans __________ (continue) the practice. 24.（2021全国乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim __________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 考点五：考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语，用于allow, persuade等动词用于“动词+sb to do sth.”。 25.（2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed __________ (find) the connection between the two great writers. 26.（2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do). 27.（2020浙江1月卷）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected __________ (increase)to 42 by 2050. 考点六：考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义，常用于“be+形容词+不定式”结构。 28.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy__________ (care) for and make great presents. （建议用时：40分钟） 【提升练一：非谓语（不定式、动名词）作动词或介词宾语微练】 1．（24-25高二上•江苏扬州•阶段练习）The famous singer wears sunglasses so he can go shopping without ____________ (recognize). 2. I spend hours every day ______________(edit) my selfies, posting them and eagerly checking my phone a hundred times for comments. 3．（24-25高一上•河北秦皇岛•期中）The bad weather made it impossible for us ____________ (finish) the task on time. 4．（24-25高二上•山东济宁•期中）After studying for another year, he managed ____________ (pass) the exam, entering a key university. 5. Bishop says since robots have great difficulty ________ (understand) humor, she feels like it gives her better job safety as a comedy performer. 6. That does not necessarily mean ______ (employ) fewer staff. Rather, more of them will be in roles where they can directly help customers. 7．（24-25高二上•山东济宁•期中）Apply the oil to your skin, which can prevent your skin from ____________ (hurt). 8．（22-23高二上•重庆•阶段练习）It is obvious that teenagers can’t resist ____________ (persuade) to do something silly. 9．（24-25高一上•广东阳江•阶段练习）He would prefer ____________ (stay) home rather than go out on such a rainy day. 10．（24-25高一上•江西鹰潭•阶段练习）I knew he saw me, but he just pretended ____________ (admire) the flowers in the garden. 【提升练二：不定式或动名词作句首主语或形式主语微练】 1．For example, it usually takes me 20 minutes ___________ (get) home by bus. 2．___________ (stop) smoking is good for your health, so I hope you give up smoking as soon as possible. 3．It is really hard for the public ___________ (convince) of the necessity and immediacy of social reforms. 4．（24-25高一上•江苏盐城•期中）Jennifer thought that ___________ (skip) meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight. 5．（24-25高一上•重庆•期中）___________ (recognize) in public at the grocery store was an unexpected surprise for the former athlete. 【提升练三：非谓语（不定式、动名词、分词）作表语微练】 1．An important step for developing countries towards developed ones is ______(wipe) out poverty. 2．Instead, the aim is ________ (permit) us to make informed choices as to how we use our time. 3．She told us that her only wish here was ________ (get) information about her old friends. 4．The purpose of this activity is ________(encourage) the students to speak English. 5．Vehicles go faster than ever, but they remain ____________(trap) in traffic jams. 【提升练四：动词不定式短语多作目的和结果状语，强调与句子主语之间的主动关系微练。】 1. Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York and Boston could all see winds up to 30 to 40 mph on Monday evening, which are strong enough ____________ (cause) power outages. 2.After school, we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only ____________ (find) that it was being decorated. 3. ____________ (improve) the employees’ working efficiency, the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee break. 4.She hurried to the cinema, only _________(tell) that the tickets had been sold out. 5._______ (earn) enough money, they finally could move from their two-bedroom home to a seven-bedroom home in a rich neighborhood. 【提升练五：现在分词短语多作目的、结果、伴随、时间状语，强调与句子主语之间的主动关系微练。】 1. Dequina studies the area carefully,________(figure) out where the eggs have been buried. 2.________ (rescue) the drowning boy to the bank, he left without being noticed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3. ____________ (concentrate) deeply on his work, the engineer ignored what was happening out in the streets. 4._________(receive) the letter from her best friend, Lucy ran towards home excitedly. 5._______ (judge) from his cheerful manner, he must have enjoyed his meal. 【提升练六：过去分词短语多作结果、伴随、时间或条件状语，强调与句子主语之间的被动关系微练。】 1. He is a man of few words. He never speaks unless ________ (speak) to. 2．________ (select) from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. 3.___________(found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. 4.________ (dress) in a full body suit of ice, a symbol of purity and strength, the panda wears a helmet with colored halo (光环)． 5.________( compare) with other sports, basketball features more continuous action. 【提升练七：动词不定式作enable, warn等动词的宾语补足语微练。】 1．I suppose I can get a good mark which will enable me ________(enter) my ideal college. 2．Large factories were being built and people were made ________ (work) long hours. 3. The plan is designed to motivate more people ___________(take) actions to protect the environment. 4．He is said ________(write) a new book about migrant workers, which is well received among readers. 5．Students are encouraged ________ (develop) critical thinking instead of accepting opinions without questioning them. 【提升练八：现在分词作keep, see等动词的宾语补足语表示与宾语之间的主动行为微练。】 1．The question kept me ______(wonder) for the rest of the night. 2．When she looked around, she noticed a man ________ (put) his hand into a passenger’s pocket. She rushed to stop it in time. 3．Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang ________ (run) away from the scene. 4．I found Janet ________ (sit) on a bench in the backyard alone, watching the bright moon. 5．The boy was caught ________(cheat) in the examination last week. 【提升练九：过去分词作see, find等动词的宾语补足语表示与宾语之间的被动关系微练。】 1．The monitor likes to keep the tables and stools _____ (polish)and everything arranged in perfect order. 2．After the ambulance arrived, they instantly had the injured ________ (send) to the hospital. 3．The foreigner tried to make himself ___________(understand), but failed. 4．When Snow White came to herself, she found herself_________ (surround) by seven dwarfs. 5．Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother ________ (take) good care of at home. 【提升练十：用于“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构或“宾语+宾语补足语”构成的独立主格结构微练。上述结构中to do表示“将要发生”，-ing强调主动含义，-ed强调被动含义。】 1．With new technologies _________ (apply) to the production process, the output has increased by 40%. 2．I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __________(follow) in a year. 3．The party will be held in the garden, weather ________ (permit)． 4．The guide ________ (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 5．So many problems ________ (remain) to be settled, I’m in a tight corner. 【提升练十一：语法填空语篇训练】【年轻一代采用运动员们的“轻食”来保持理想体重】 （24-25高三上·浙江·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese idiomatic term tieqiubiao, or “putting on autumn fat”, means gaining a little weight in early autumn by eating meals rich 1 protein and fat, including stewed meats, dumplings and nuts. Since ancient times, people 2 (measure) their weight at lixia, one of the 24 solar terms that marks the beginning of summer, and compared it to their weight at liqiu, the beginning of autumn. This 3 (compare) helps them figure out how much weight they’ve lost during the hot months, hoping to gain sufficient weight 4 (weather) the upcoming cold season. This autumn, however, many are choosing to depart from tradition and instead shaking off the extra weight by eating what 5 (refer) to as qingshi, or literally, “light food.” “I think it’s 6 post-Olympic phenomenon. After you spent the summer 7 (watch) those well-shaped athletes on TV, you tend to reflect on your diet at midnight,” Li Xinwei, a college student in Beijing, told Beijing Review. Li’s words reflect a broader trend 8 (influence) by the recent Paris Olympic Games, 9 has encouraged interest in athletes’ light food diets on social media platforms. This shift highlights a growing awareness of nutrition and body image among younger generations in China. As young people 10 (active) favor lighter foods, they are also contributing to the growth of the healthy food economy. ( 7 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点03 语法填空之非谓语动词 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1考查动词不定式短语作目的状语 （5年11考） 2024新课标I卷—to give; 2024浙江1月卷—to benefit; 2023全国甲卷—to teach; 2022新课标I卷—to increase; 2022新课标II卷—to see; 2022新课标I卷--To strengthen; 2021新课标II卷—to educate; 2021浙江卷—to plant; 2020全国I卷—to find; 2020全国III卷--to find; 2020·浙江卷—to change。 1. 考查动词不定式短语作目的状语，不定式多放在句首，后边多用逗号。 2.考查动词不定式短语作定语，名词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。 3.考查动词不定式短语作主语，多用于It takes time to do sth句型。 4.考查动词不定式短语作宾语，需要牢记aim, threaten, agree, decide等动词常接动词不定式作宾语。 5.考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语用于allow, encourage, persuade等动词用于“动词+sb to do sth.”。 6.考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义，常用于“be+形容词+不定式”结构。 7.考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义，常用于“be to blame”结构。 考点2考查动词不定式短语作定语 （5年4考） 2022全国甲卷—to journey; 2022北京卷—to harm; 2022北京卷—to invest; 2019·全国II卷--to retire。 考点3考查动词不定式短语作主语 （5年2考） 2021全国甲卷—to walk; 2020北京卷—to break。 考点4考查动词不定式短语作宾语 （5年5考） 2024全国甲卷—to catch; 2023新课标I卷—to bite; 2022新课标II卷—how to thank; 2022浙江1月卷—plan to continue; 2021全国乙卷—aim to have。 考点5考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语或原因状语 （5年3考） 2024新课标II卷—to find; 2022浙江卷—to do; 2020浙江1月卷--to increase。 考点6考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义 （5年1考） 2020全国II卷—to care。 考点一：考查动词不定式短语作目的状语，不定式多放在句首，后边多用逗号。 1.（2024新课标I卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 答案：to give 考查非谓语动词。句意：温室在温暖的日子里开放，利用液压系统为内部植物提供阳光和通风。use sth. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“使用某物去做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to give。 2.（2024九省联考卷）He knows that computers are here (stay) and that they will not disappear. 答案: to stay 解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：他知道电脑会一直存在，不会消失。be here to stay是一个固定短语，表示“固定下来; 普遍认可; 成为风尚”。故填to stay。 3.（2024浙江1月卷）The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 答案: to benefit 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 4.（2023全国甲卷）For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) __________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom. 答案：to teach 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 5.（2022新课标I卷）The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority __________ (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 答案: to increase 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。 6.（2022新课标II卷）Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up __________ (see) them. 答案: to see 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 7.（2022全国乙卷）__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 答案: To strengthen 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的49名茶叶专业人士进行56小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 8.（2021新课标II卷）I decided to do something __________ (educate) people about this problem. 答案: to educate 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我决定做一些事情来教育人们这个问题。分析句子结构，__________ (educate) people about this problem.用作目的状语，用不定式，所以填to educate。 9.（2021浙江卷）Mary’s sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over __________ (plant) flowers in the front yard. 答案: to plant 【解析】考查非谓语动词。考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝•托德•华莱士经常来前院种花。分析句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示；提示词plant的不定式形式为to plant。故填to plant。 10.（2020全国I卷）Chinese researchers hope to use the instruments onboard Chang’e-4 66 __________ (find) and study areas of the South Pole-Aitken basin. 答案: to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国的研究者希望使用嫦娥四号上的设备来发现和研究南极艾特肯盆地。此处表示目的，应使用不定式作目的状语。故填to find。 11.（2020全国III卷）The next morning he hired a boat and set out __________ (find) the well-known painter. 答案: to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示“出发去做某事”短语为set out to do sth.，后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。 12.(2020·浙江卷) Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology __________ (change)lives. 答案: to change 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：农业让人们第一次体验到技术改变生活的力量。分析句子，简单句中已有动词gave故提示词部分需用非谓语动词。分析句意，此处需用不定式作定语。故填to change。 考点二：考查动词不定式短语作定语，名词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰。 13.（2022全国甲卷）A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step __________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 答案: to journey 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。 14.（2022北京卷）As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention __________ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 答案: to harm 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 15.（2021北京卷）Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need (invest) in disaster prevention. 答案: to invest 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明, 急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知, 此处表示未来的动作, 应用不定式, 作后置定语。故填to invest。 16. (2019·全国II卷)Picking up her “Lifetime Achievement” award, proud Irene declared she had no plans __________(retire) from her 36-year-old business. 答案: to retire 【解析】考查不定式作定语。此处用to do sth.作后置定语，用来修饰前面的名词plan，表示“……的计划”，故填to retire。 考点三：考查动词不定式短语作主语，多用于It takes time to do sth句型。 17.（2021全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 答案: to walk 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 18.（2020北京卷）It takes them hundreds of years __________ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. 答案: to break 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.（花某人/物多长时间干某事），此处用动词不定式（to do ）作真正主语，It形式主语。故填to break。 考点四：考查动词不定式短语作宾语，牢记aim, threaten, agree, decide等动词常接动词不定式作宾语。 19.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____________ (catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 答案: to catch 考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 20.（2023新课标I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 答案: to bite 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。 21.（2023新课标I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ___________ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 答案：to be lifted 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 22.（2022新课标II卷）He saved my son’s life," said Mrs. Brown. "I don't know __________to thank him.” 答案: how 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我不知道如何去感谢他。根据句子结构，设空处填写的是特殊疑问词+to do不定式结构作宾语。根据句意，how意为“如何”，符合句意。故填how。 23.（2022浙江1月卷）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans __________ (continue) the practice. 答案: to continue 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。 24.（2021全国乙卷）Komodo National Park, officially recognized in 1980, is popular for ecotourism because of its unique biodiversity. Activities there range from whale watching to hiking (远足) and accommodations aim __________ (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 答案: to have 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。固定短语aim to do译为“旨在，目的是”。故填to have。 考点五：考查动词不定式短语作宾语补足语，用于allow, persuade等动词用于“动词+sb to do sth.”。 25.（2024新课标II卷）Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed __________ (find) the connection between the two great writers. 答案: to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 26.（2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do). 答案: to do 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 27.（2020浙江1月卷）Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中位数的)age of an American in 1950 was 30; today it is 41 and is expected __________ (increase)to 42 by 2050. 答案: to increase 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意同上。根据短语be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”后跟不定式，故填to increase。 考点六：考查动词不定式主动形式被动意义，常用于“be+形容词+不定式”结构。 28.（2020全国II卷）Bamboo plants are associated with health, abundance and a happy home. They are easy__________ (care) for and make great presents. 答案: to care 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：它们很容易照顾，也很适合作为礼物。这里考查“be +形容词 + to do”结构。故填to care。 （建议用时：40分钟） 【提升练一：非谓语（不定式、动名词）作动词或介词宾语微练】 1．（24-25高二上•江苏扬州•阶段练习）The famous singer wears sunglasses so he can go shopping without ____________ (recognize). 【答案】being recognized 【详解】考查动名词和被动语态。句意：这位著名的歌手戴着太阳镜，这样他去购物时就不会被人认出来。without是介词，其后跟动名词作宾语，歌手是被认出来，因此空格处用动名词的被动语态being recognized。故填being recognized。 2. I spend hours every day ______________(edit) my selfies, posting them and eagerly checking my phone a hundred times for comments. 【答案】editing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我每天花几个小时编辑我的自拍，发布它们，并急切地查看手机一百次去看评论。spend time (in) doing sth.为固定短语，表示“花费时间做某事”，短语中的介词in可以省略，所以空处应用动名词形式作宾语。故填editing。 3．（24-25高一上•河北秦皇岛•期中）The bad weather made it impossible for us ____________ (finish) the task on time. 【答案】to finish 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：恶劣的天气使我们不可能按时完成任务。it是形式宾语，空处使用动词不定式作真正的宾语，故填to finish。 4．（24-25高二上•山东济宁•期中）After studying for another year, he managed ____________ (pass) the exam, entering a key university. 【答案】to pass 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：又学习了一年之后，他终于通过了考试，进入了一所重点大学。短语manage to do sth.表示“设法做某事”，pass用不定式形式。故填to pass。 5. Bishop says since robots have great difficulty ________ (understand) humor, she feels like it gives her better job safety as a comedy performer. 【答案】understanding 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：Bishop说，由于机器人很难理解幽默，她觉得这让作为喜剧演员的她拥有更好的工作安全感。分析句子可知，这里考查have difficulty (in) doing sth 表“做某事有困难”，所以这里应填动名词作宾语。故填understanding。 6. That does not necessarily mean ______ (employ) fewer staff. Rather, more of them will be in roles where they can directly help customers. 【答案】employing 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这并不一定意味着雇佣更少的员工。相反，他们中的更多人将担任可以直接帮助客户的角色。结合句意可知，表示“意味着做某事”可知短语为mean doing sth.动名词作宾语。故填employing。 7．（24-25高二上•山东济宁•期中）Apply the oil to your skin, which can prevent your skin from ____________ (hurt). 【答案】being hurt 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：把油涂在皮肤上，可以防止皮肤受伤。prevent...from doing sth.阻止……做某事。名词your skin 与hurt之间为被动关系，所以用动名词的被动语态。故填being hurt。 8．（22-23高二上•重庆•阶段练习）It is obvious that teenagers can’t resist ____________ (persuade) to do something silly. 【答案】being persuaded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：很明显，青少年无法抗拒被说服去做一些愚蠢的事情。动词resist后面用动名词形式作宾语，动词persuade与teenagers之间是被动关系，所以用动名词的被动语态作宾语。故填being persuaded。 9．（24-25高一上•广东阳江•阶段练习）He would prefer ____________ (stay) home rather than go out on such a rainy day. 【答案】to stay 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：在这样的下雨天，我宁愿呆在家里也不愿出去。根据句意可知，句中考查了固定搭配prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.,意为“宁愿……而不愿……”，其中动词不定式充当的是prefer的宾语。故填to stay。 10．（24-25高一上•江西鹰潭•阶段练习）I knew he saw me, but he just pretended ____________ (admire) the flowers in the garden. 【答案】to be admiring 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：我知道他看见我了，但他假装在欣赏花园里的花。分析句子可知，这里考查pretend to do，表“假装做某事”，为固定搭配，且由句意可知，这表示“假装正在做某事”，所以应用不定式的进行时，表达正在进行的动作或状态。故填to be admiring。 【提升练二：不定式或动名词作句首主语或形式主语微练】 1．For example, it usually takes me 20 minutes ___________ (get) home by bus. 【答案】to get 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，我通常需要20分钟乘公共汽车回家。本句谓语为takes，此处为非谓语动词，“it takes sb+时间+to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“某人花费多少时间做某事”，it为形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，本空用get“到达”的不定式，作主语。故填to get。 2．___________ (stop) smoking is good for your health, so I hope you give up smoking as soon as possible. 【答案】To stop/Stopping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：戒烟对你的健康有好处，所以我希望你尽快戒烟。空格处作主语，可以用不定式to stop，也可以用动名词stopping。故填To stop/Stopping。 3．It is really hard for the public ___________ (convince) of the necessity and immediacy of social reforms. 【答案】to be convinced 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：让公众信服社会改革的必要性和紧迫性确实很难。句子是It is adj for sb to do的结构，含义为“对某人来说做某事是怎样的”，空处用动词convince的不定式形式作真主语。convince为及物动词，使信服。“the public”和动词“convince”构成被动关系，应用不定式的被动语态，表示“使公众信服”。故填to be convinced。 4．（24-25高一上•江苏盐城•期中）Jennifer thought that ___________ (skip) meals would be a simple way to reach her target weight. 【答案】skipping 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Jennifer认为不吃饭是达到目标体重的一个简单方法。空格处用动名词作主语，skip的动名词是skipping。故填skipping。 5．（24-25高一上•重庆•期中）___________ (recognize) in public at the grocery store was an unexpected surprise for the former athlete. 【答案】Being recognized 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：对于这位前运动员来说，在杂货店公开被认出来是一个意外的惊喜。分析句子可知，这此空应用动名词作主语，且逻辑主语the former athlete与recognize为被动关系，所以这里应用动名词被动形式，且句首时首字母应大写。故填Being recognized。 【提升练三：非谓语（不定式、动名词、分词）作表语微练】 1．An important step for developing countries towards developed ones is ______(wipe) out poverty. 【答案】to wipe 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：发展中国家走向发达国家的一个重要步骤是消除贫困。根据句意可知，消除贫困这一动作还未发生，所以此处应用不定式作表语说明主语的内容，故填to wipe。 2．Instead, the aim is ________ (permit) us to make informed choices as to how we use our time. 【答案】to permit 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：相反，其目的是让我们在如何利用时间方面做出明智的选择。此处作表语，表目的和将来的动作，应用动词不定式。故填to permit。 3．She told us that her only wish here was ________ (get) information about her old friends. 【答案】 to get 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：她告诉我们，她在这里唯一的愿望就是得到她老朋友的消息。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作表语，结合句意，此处表示“她唯一的愿望”，所以表语部分的动作还未发生，应使用不定式形式表将来，且表主动意义。故填to get。 4．The purpose of this activity is ________(encourage) the students to speak English. 【答案】to encourage 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这个活动的目的是鼓励学生说英语。分析可知，“________ (encourage) the students to speak English”为表语，用动词不定式来表示目的。故填to encourage。 5．Vehicles go faster than ever, but they remain ____________(trap) in traffic jams. 【答案】trapped 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：车辆的速度比以往任何时候都快，但它们仍然困在交通堵塞中。分析句子可知，空处作remain的表语，they（Vehicles）和trap之间为被动关系，应用trap的过去分词形式trapped，构成remain trapped，表示“仍然被困”。故填trapped。 【提升练四：动词不定式短语多作目的和结果状语，强调与句子主语之间的主动关系微练。】 1. Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York and Boston could all see winds up to 30 to 40 mph on Monday evening, which are strong enough ____________ (cause) power outages. 【答案】to cause 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意:巴尔的摩、费城、纽约和波士顿周一晚上的风速可能达到每小时30到40英里，足以导致停电。分析句子结构可知此处为sth/sb +be +adj.+enough to do sth的结构，应用动词不定式作结果状语。故填to cause。 2.After school, we went to the reading-room to do some reading, only ____________ (find) that it was being decorated. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：放学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果发现阅览室正在装修。分析句子可知，设空处充当句子结果状语， 表示意外的结果应使用only+不定式，故填to find。 3. ____________ (improve) the employees’ working efficiency, the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee break. 【答案】To improve 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了提高员工的工作效率，主管会允许他们休息喝杯咖啡。improve在句中作目的状语，故用不定式，句首单词首字母要大写。故填To improve。 4.She hurried to the cinema, only _________(tell) that the tickets had been sold out. 【答案】to be told 【详解】考查不定式和被动语态。句意：她匆匆赶到电影院，却被告知电影票已经卖完了。根据句意可知，空格处用“only+不定式”表示出乎意料的结果，她是被告知，因此空格处用不定式的被动语态，即to be done，故填to be told。 5._______ (earn) enough money, they finally could move from their two-bedroom home to a seven-bedroom home in a rich neighborhood. 【答案】To earn 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了赚足够的钱，他们终于可以从两居室搬到富人区的七居室了。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示目的意为“为了”，所以应使用动词不定式形式，earn与句子主语之间为主动关系，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To earn。 【提升练五：现在分词短语多作目的、结果、伴随、时间状语，强调与句子主语之间的主动关系微练。】 1. Dequina studies the area carefully,________(figure) out where the eggs have been buried. 【答案】figuring 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：德奎娜仔细研究了这个地区，找出了这些卵被埋的地方。分析句子结构可知figure与逻辑主语Dequina 构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填figuring。 2.________ (rescue) the drowning boy to the bank, he left without being noticed. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Having rescued 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他把溺水的男孩救到岸边后，就悄悄离开了。分析句子结构可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，rescue与句子主语之间为主动关系，且发生在谓语动词left之前，所以应使用现在分词的完成式having rescued，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Having rescued。 3. ____________ (concentrate) deeply on his work, the engineer ignored what was happening out in the streets. 【答案】Concentrating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位工程师全神贯注地工作，没有理会街上发生的事情。concentrate与逻辑主语the engineer构成主动关系，故用现在分词作原因状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Concentrating。 4._________(receive) the letter from her best friend, Lucy ran towards home excitedly. 【答案】Having received 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：收到她最好的朋友的信后，露西兴奋地朝家跑去。分析句子可知，“(receive) the letter from her best friend”作时间状语，receive(收到)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Lucy之间是主动关系，且“收到”这一动作发生在谓语动词之前，应用现在分词的完成式表示主动和完成；句首单词首字母大写。故填Having received。 5._______ (judge) from his cheerful manner, he must have enjoyed his meal. 【答案】Judging 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从他那愉快的态度来看，他这顿饭一定吃得很愉快。judging from从……判断，为独立结构，不考虑与逻辑主语的主被动关系。根据句意，故填Judging。 【提升练六：过去分词短语多作结果、伴随、时间或条件状语，强调与句子主语之间的被动关系微练。】 1. He is a man of few words. He never speaks unless ________ (speak) to. 【答案】spoken 【详解】考查非谓语动词以及状语从句的省略。句意：他是个沉默寡言的人。除非和他说话，否则他从不说话。分析句子可知，设空处是句子的条件状语，和逻辑主语he是被动关系，应使用过去分词speaken；从另一方面解析，此处应当是条件状语从句的谓语部分，完整的条件状语从句是：unless he is spoken to，根据状语从句省略原则可以省略从句中的主语和助动词be，故填spoken。 2．________ (select) from collections throughout the world, it is the first major exhibition of his work to be held in over forty years. 【答案】Selected 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从世界各地的收藏品中挑选出来，这是他40多年来第一次大型作品展览。select与逻辑主语it之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Selected。 3.___________(found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s. 【答案】 Founded 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1905年革命后，该公司在莫斯科成立，最终于20世纪20年代末落户特拉维夫。分析句子可知，“(found) in Moscow after the 1905 revolution”作状语，found(成立)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语the company之间是被动关系，且“found”这一动作已经完成，应用过去分词表示被动和完成；句首单词首字母大写。故填Founded。 4.________ (dress) in a full body suit of ice, a symbol of purity and strength, the panda wears a helmet with colored halo (光环)． 【答案】Dressed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：熊猫穿着象征纯洁和力量的全套冰衣，戴着带彩色光环的头盔。固定搭配be dressed in“穿着”，省去be动词，使用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Dressed。 5.________( compare) with other sports, basketball features more continuous action. 【答案】Compared 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：与其他运动相比，篮球运动具有更连续的动作特点。features为谓语动词，空格处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语basketball和compare之间是被动关系，应用过去分词形式。故填Compared。 【提升练七：动词不定式作enable, warn等动词的宾语补足语微练。】 1．I suppose I can get a good mark which will enable me ________(enter) my ideal college. 【答案】to enter 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我想我能取得一个好成绩，这将使我能够进入我理想的大学。enable sb. to do 为固定短语，意为“使某人做某事”，空格处应用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to enter。 2．Large factories were being built and people were made ________ (work) long hours. 【答案】 to work 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当时正在兴建大型工厂，人们被迫长时间工作。短语sb. be made to do sth.表示“某人被迫做某事”。故填to work。 3. The plan is designed to motivate more people ___________(take) actions to protect the environment. 【答案】to take 【详解】考查不定式。句意：这个计划是为了激励更多人采取行动来保护环境。此处考查固定短语motivate somebody to do something“激励某人做某事”，不定式作宾语。故填to take。 4．He is said ________(write) a new book about migrant workers, which is well received among readers. 【答案】to have written 【详解】考查不定式。句意：据说他写了一本关于农民工的新书，深受读者欢迎。分析句子可知，此处为固定句型“据说某人.....”应用sb be said to do/to be doing/to have done的结构，由句意可知此处表示动作已经完成，应用不定式的完成时。故填to have written。 5．Students are encouraged ________ (develop) critical thinking instead of accepting opinions without questioning them. 【答案】to develop 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：要鼓励学生培养批判性思维，而非不加质疑地接受各种观点。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，encourage变为被动后不影响动词不定式，故填to develop。 【提升练八：现在分词作keep, see等动词的宾语补足语表示与宾语之间的主动行为微练。】 1．The question kept me ______(wonder) for the rest of the night. 【答案】wondering 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个问题让我整晚都在想。keep sb doing sth“使某人一直做某事”是固定句型，且和逻辑主语me是主动关系，故现在分词作宾语补足语。故填wondering。 2．When she looked around, she noticed a man ________ (put) his hand into a passenger’s pocket. She rushed to stop it in time. 【答案】putting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当她环顾四周时，她注意到一个男人正把手伸进一位乘客的口袋里。她冲过去及时制止了它。分析句子，句中notice sb doing为固定短语，意为“看到某人做某事”，此处使用现在分词宾补结构。故填putting。 3．Suddenly he saw his friend Li Chang ________ (run) away from the scene. 【答案】running 【详解】考查现在分词。句意：突然，他看到自己的朋友李昌正从现场跑开。see sb. doing sth. “看见某人正在做某事”，且逻辑主语Li Chang和run之间是主动关系，故用现在分词表主动和进行。故填running。 4．I found Janet ________ (sit) on a bench in the backyard alone, watching the bright moon. 【答案】sitting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我发现珍妮特一个人坐在后院的长椅上，看着明亮的月亮。find sb doing sth是固定句型，现在分词作宾语补足语，和宾语之间是主动进行的关系。故填sitting。 5．The boy was caught ________(cheat) in the examination last week. 【答案】cheating 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个男孩上周考试作弊被抓住了。catch sb. doing sth.固定搭配，意为“抓住某人正在做某事”，此处是被动语态，sb. be caught doing sth.意为“某人被抓住正在做某事”，所以应用现在分词作主语补足语。故填cheating。 【提升练九：过去分词作see, find等动词的宾语补足语表示与宾语之间的被动关系微练。】 1．The monitor likes to keep the tables and stools _____ (polish)and everything arranged in perfect order. 【答案】polished 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：班长喜欢把桌凳擦得亮亮的，一切都安排得井井有条。此处为“keep sth. done”结构，表示“使某事被做”，polish与the tables and stools之间为被动关系。故用过去分词作宾语补足语。故填polished。 2．After the ambulance arrived, they instantly had the injured ________ (send) to the hospital. 【答案】sent 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：救护车到达后，他们立即把伤者送往医院。句子分析可知，设空处为非谓语动词，动词send与其逻辑主语the injured之间为动宾关系，设空处填过去分词表被动。故填sent。 3．The foreigner tried to make himself ___________(understand), but failed. 【答案】understood 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：那个外国人试图让别人听懂他的话，但没有成功。句子的主语为tried。设空处应用非谓语动词，understand与逻辑主语himself之间为动宾关系，应用过去分词，作宾补。故填understood。 4．When Snow White came to herself, she found herself_________ (surround) by seven dwarfs. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：当白雪公主醒过来的时候，她发现自己被七个小矮人围着。空处应填非谓语动词，由空前的she found herself可知空处在句中作宾语补足语，herself与动词surround之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表被动，作宾语补足语。故填surrounded。 5．Back from his two-year medical service in Africa, Dr. Lee was very happy to see his mother ________ (take) good care of at home. 【答案】taken 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从非洲两年的医疗服务回来后，李医生很高兴看到他的母亲在家里得到了很好的照顾。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语补足语，应使用非谓语动词形式，因与其逻辑主语his mother之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词形式，故填taken。 【提升练十：用于“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构或“宾语+宾语补足语”构成的独立主格结构微练。上述结构中to do表示“将要发生”，-ing强调主动含义，-ed强调被动含义。】 1．With new technologies _________ (apply) to the production process, the output has increased by 40%. 【答案】applied 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：随着新技术应用于生产过程，产量增加了40%。在with的复合结构中，technologies与apply之间存在被动关系，应使用过去分词作宾语补足语，故填applied。 2．I send you 100 dollars today, the rest __________(follow) in a year. 【答案】to follow 【详解】考查独立主格。句意：我今天给你100美元，其余的一年后再给你。本句是独立主格结构，由句意可知，follow(跟着)和the rest是主动关系，且由in a year可知，follow这一动作还未发生，应用不定式。故填to follow。 3．The party will be held in the garden, weather ________ (permit)． 【答案】permitting 【详解】考查独立主格结构。句意：如果天气允许，聚会将在花园里举行。此处考查独立主格结构，permit与逻辑主语weather之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词，weather permitting意为“如果天气好”，作条件状语。故填permitting。 4．The guide ________ (lead) the way, we had no trouble getting out of the forest. 【答案】leading 【详解】考查独立主格。句意：有向导带路，我们毫不费力地走出了森林。分析句子结构，该句中有一个谓语动词had，没有连词，所以此处应为非谓语动词，其前有名词the guide，所以此处应为独立主格结构，lead与其前面的名词the guide之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填leading。 5．So many problems ________ (remain) to be settled, I’m in a tight corner. 【答案】remaining 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有这么多问题有待解决，我处境艰难。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词remain是被修饰的名词problems主动发出的动作，所以用现在分词形式，构成独立主格结构。故填remaining。 【提升练十一：语法填空语篇微练】【年轻一代采用运动员们的“轻食”来保持理想体重】 （24-25高三上·浙江·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Chinese idiomatic term tieqiubiao, or “putting on autumn fat”, means gaining a little weight in early autumn by eating meals rich 1 protein and fat, including stewed meats, dumplings and nuts. Since ancient times, people 2 (measure) their weight at lixia, one of the 24 solar terms that marks the beginning of summer, and compared it to their weight at liqiu, the beginning of autumn. This 3 (compare) helps them figure out how much weight they’ve lost during the hot months, hoping to gain sufficient weight 4 (weather) the upcoming cold season. This autumn, however, many are choosing to depart from tradition and instead shaking off the extra weight by eating what 5 (refer) to as qingshi, or literally, “light food.” “I think it’s 6 post-Olympic phenomenon. After you spent the summer 7 (watch) those well-shaped athletes on TV, you tend to reflect on your diet at midnight,” Li Xinwei, a college student in Beijing, told Beijing Review. Li’s words reflect a broader trend 8 (influence) by the recent Paris Olympic Games, 9 has encouraged interest in athletes’ light food diets on social media platforms. This shift highlights a growing awareness of nutrition and body image among younger generations in China. As young people 10 (active) favor lighter foods, they are also contributing to the growth of the healthy food economy. 【参考答案】 1．in 2．have measured 3．comparison 4．to weather 5．is referred 6．a 7．watching 8．influenced 9．which 10．actively 【导语】本文是篇说明文。文章主要讲述了当前中国的年轻人受到近期巴黎奥运会的影响，在进入秋季后开始采用运动员们的“轻食”来保持理想体重，凸显了中国年轻一代对营养和身体的意识日益增强。 1．考查介词。句意：中国成语“贴秋膘”是指在初秋通过吃富含蛋白质和脂肪的食物，包括炖肉、饺子和坚果，来增加一点体重。空处应用介词，后接宾语“protein and fat”；固定短语rich in表示“富含”。故填in。 2．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：自古以来，人们就会在立夏（标志着夏天开始的24节气之一）测量体重，并将其与立秋（秋天开始）的体重进行比较。空处为谓语动词，由“Since ancient times”可知，该句为现在完成时，动词measure表示“测量、衡量”，与主语“people”之间为主动关系，表示“人们测量体重”，谓语为复数形式。故填have measured。 3．考查名词。句意：这种比较可以帮助他们计算出他们在炎热的月份减掉了多少体重，希望增加足够的体重来平安度过即将到来的寒冷季节。空处应为名词，作主语；comparison为名词，表示“对比、比较”，符合句意。故填comparison。 4．考查动词不定式。句意：这种比较可以帮助他们计算出他们在炎热的月份减掉了多少体重，希望增加足够的体重来平安度过即将到来的寒冷季节。weather可作动词，表示“平安度过（困境）”，由句中谓语动词“helps”可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，作目的状语，表示获得足够的体重是为了平安度过即将到来的寒冷季节，故应用动词不定式。故填to weather。 5．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：然而，今年秋天，许多人选择打破传统，通过吃所谓的轻食，或字面意思就是“清淡食物”来甩掉多余的体重。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句中的“are choosing”和句意可知，从句为一般现在时，表示客观事实；动词短语refer to...as...表示“把……称作”，与主语“what”之间应为被动关系，表示“被称作轻食的东西”，谓语为单数。故填is referred。 6．考查冠词。句意：我认为这是一种后奥运时代的现象。空处应用冠词，修饰名词短语post-Olympic phenomenon，表示“一种后奥运时代现象”，故应用不定冠词，post以辅音音素开始发音，不定冠词用a，表示泛指。故填a。 7．考查动名词。句意：在你整个夏天都在电视上看那些身材匀称的运动员之后，你往往会在午夜反思你的饮食。动词短语spend time (in) doing sth表示“花费时间做某事”。故填watching。 8．考查过去分词。句意：李的言论反映了最近巴黎奥运会影响的更广泛的趋势，这激发了社交媒体平台上对运动员清淡饮食的兴趣。根据句中谓语动词“reflect”可知，空处应用动词influence的非谓语动词形式，与“trend”之间为被动关系，表示“被影响的趋势”，故应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填influenced。 9．考查定语从句。句意：李的言论反映了最近巴黎奥运会影响的更广泛的趋势，这激发了社交媒体平台上对运动员清淡饮食的兴趣。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“trend”，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which。故填which。 10．考查副词。句意：由于年轻人积极地喜欢更清淡的食物，他们也为健康食品经济的增长做出了贡献。空处应用副词，修饰动词“favor”，作状语；actively为副词，表示“积极地、主动地”。故填actively。 ( 17 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$