Unit2 Bridging cultures Discover useful structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

Discovering useful structure 名词性从句 31. _____________n.顾问 32. _____________adj.有道理的，合情理的 33. _____________；n.期望，预期，期待 34. _____________n.申请人 35. _____________；n.adj.公司,商行,事务所│结实的,牢固的， 坚定的 36. _____________n.接触，体验，暴露，揭露 37. _____________vt.使接触，使体验;显露;使暴露于(险境) 38. _____________n.洞察力，眼光 39. _____________n.离开，启程，出发 Vocabulary advisor/adviser reasonable expectation applicant firm exposure expose insight departure III. Translate the following phrases into Chinese （P16-17）. 1. suit a new situation 2. overcome culture shock 3. step out of the comfort zone    4. suffer from homesickness    5. become more motivated 6. keep a balance between ... and ... 7. stick to 8. give sb insights into        适应新环境 克服文化冲击 走出舒适区 患思乡病 变得更有动力 保持...和...之间的平衡 坚持 让某人洞察到 Lead in Read the following sentences and decide what part of the underlined part serves as. 1. Whether he will come here or not is unimportant to me. ( ) 2. I don’t know what he means. ( ) 3. That was because he was ill. ( ) 4.The news that he got killed in the race surprised us all. Subject Object Predicative Apposition 一、名词性从句的定义 由连接词引导，在复合句中起____作用的从句叫名词从句（Noun Clauses)。它在复合句中能充当_____、_____、_____、_____等，因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能，名词从句又可分别称为______________、______________、______________和______________。 二、位置及概念 1.主语从句在复合句中充当____语； 2.表语从句在复合句中充当____语，一般在______ 后； 3.宾语从句在复合句中充当____语，且一般在  ______或____ 后。 4.同位语从句一般在_____后，解释或补充说明该名词的内容。 名词 主语 宾语 表语 同位语 主语从句 主 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 表 系动词 宾 及物动词 介词 名词 三、连接词 从属连词 that, whether/ if, 不充当从句的任何成分。 连接代词 what(ever), who(ever)，whom(ever), which(ever)，whose 充当从句的_____、_____、_____、定语。 连接副词 when, where, how, why充当从句的_____。 主， 宾， 表， 状语 三、名词性从句的分类 1. 主语从句，在复合句中充当____语。 (1) ________ he will succeed is certain. (2) ________he will go there is still unknown. (3) ________he said is true. (4)_________he hid the money is to be found out. it作形式主语的句型: 主 That Whether What Where 基本句型结构 常用词语 It is＋名词＋that从句 a fact，a shame，a pity，no wonder等。 It is＋形容词＋that从句 necessary，strange，important，possible等。 It is＋过去分词＋that从句 said，reported，decided，believed，suggested等。 It＋动词(短语)＋that从句 seem，happen，turn out，occur to等。 2. 宾语从句，在复合句中充当____语。 (1) I don’t know____________they are saying. (2) It all depends on___________they will support us. (3) He made it clear to us_____________he did an great job. 虚拟语气的用法： (1)“一坚持”：____________   (2)“二命令”： _____________ (3)“三建议”：________________________   (4)“四要求”：__________________ what whether that insist 宾 order, command advise, suggest, recommand ask, require, request,demmand 2. 表语从句，在复合句中充当____语。 (1) The question is___________we can depend on him. (2) That’s__________we spent our holiday last summer. (3) That’s___________he was late. 特殊句式： (1)“.....的原因是.....”：_______________ (2)“这/那是因为......”： _______________________ (3)“这/那就是......的原因”：______________________ as if/though虚拟语气的用法： 表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用___________________； 表示与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用________________； 表示与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用__________________。 表 whether where why The reason why/for which ...is that... This/That is because.... This/That is why.... 一般过去式（be动词用were） had + 过去分词 would/could/might+动词原形 2. 同位语从句，一般跟在_____后，解释或补充说明该名词的内容。 (1) We all know the truth ______ the moon goes round the earth. (2) I have no idea _______ he worked ten years ago. (3) The question ______ will go abroad hasn’t been decided yet. 名词 that where who 一、“易错”引导词的区别 1. that和what的选用 (1) I don’t know ____ will happen next.    (2)______ he wants is a book. (3) He is no longer ________he used to be.   (4) ______ he wants to go there is obvious. Summary: that和what 都可引导所有的名词性从句。但是，______除起连接作用外，还在名词性从句中充当成分，可作从句的_____、______或______。而_____在名词性从句中不充当任何成分，只起_______作用。 what What what That what 主语 宾语 表语 that 连接 2. because / why / that (1) The reason _____ he was absent was ____he was ill. (2) From the space, the earth looks blue. This is _____ about 70 percent of its surface is covered by water. (3) About 70 percent of the earth’s surface is covered by water. That is _______ it looks blue. Summary: 常考的表语从句句型 That /This/It is why+表语从句     那就是……的原因 That /This/It is because +表语从句     那是因为…… The reason why …is that+表语从句   ……的原因是…… why that because why 3. if和whether (1) ________ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. (2) I don’t know ________ or not he is well. Summary: whether可与or not连用，但if________；whether从句可位于________，而if 不能引导位于句首的主语从句。 注：不能使用if 的情况：主语、表语、同位语从句；介词后的宾语从句；与or not连在一起引导宾语从句;后面直接跟动词不定式当宾语。 Whether Whether 不能 句首 二、it作形式主语和形式宾语 当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句______，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。it 也可作形式宾语。  Eg: It is well known that reading aloud is beneficial to English learning. 三、时态问题 1. He said that he __________ (will) go to the station. 2. Our physics teacher once told us that light __________ (travel) faster than sound. 3. Tom says that Mary ____ (go) abroad last year and_________ (be) there for nearly 5 months. Summary: 主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用______的某种时态；主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用__________；主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态。 置后 would travels went has been 过去 一般现在时 四、主谓一致问题 1. When the meeting will begin _______ (have) not been decided yet . 2. When they will start and where they will go _______ (be) still unknown.  3. When and where the meeting will begin _____ (have) not been decided yet . Summary:单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_____形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_____形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_____形式。 注意：What 引导主语从句时,主句谓语动词的单复数由表语的单复数决定。 1. What he wants ______(be) these books. What he wants ______(be) some water. has are has 单数 复数 单数 are is V. Consolidation  A. 用适当的连接词填空   1. To start with, ________I intend to stress is that we are about to start our next lesson in  Classroom 8 of the Teaching Building at 10 a.m. next Friday. 2．________ cars will be parked in the future is a question. 3．________we will have a picnic depends on the weather. 4．________ fails in the exam shall not lose heart. 5．It has not been decided ________ will attend the meeting. 6．It is reported ________ a new film will be put on in the cinema. 7．________ Mike didn't turn up at the meeting yesterday made the chairman of the meeting unhappy. 8．________ the President will attend the party or not is kept a secret. 9．It is necessary ________ he should learn about the whole matter. 10. ________ they suddenly disappeared remains a mystery now. what Where Whether Whoever who that That Whether that Why 11. Is he the man _________ wants to see you? 12. The place _________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace. 13. George Orwell, _________ real name was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. 14. The most important thing _________ should be done now is how to stop him from going on. 15. The English play _________ _________ my students acted at the New Year’s party was a great success. 16. Those successful deaf dances think that dancing is an activity _________ sight matters more than hearing. 17. I often think of the days _________ I stayed with the experts, _________ has a great effect on my job. 18. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel____________the coach picks up tourists. 19. It was when we were returning home______I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. 20. It was the culture, rather than the language,________made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. who which/that whose that in which where when which that that that B. 语法填空. An English proverb says 1.________ time is money. But I doubt 2.________ it is really true or not. In my opinion, time is even 3._______ precious than money. Why? 4.________when money is spent, we can earn it back. However, when time is 5._______(go), it will never return. 6._______ is known to all that the time we can use is limited. Therefore my suggestion is that  we 7._______ (make) full use of our time to study hard so as to serve our country in the future. But   it is a pity 8._______there are a lot of people who do not realize time is of great value and 9._______wasting time is equal to wasting their life. They spend their precious time smoking, drinking and playing. In a word, we should form the good habit of saving time. Do not put off 10._______ can be done today until tomorrow. that whether more Because gone It make that that what Study the sentences below and mark the noun clauses. What is the function of each noun clause in the sentences? 1. What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to Xie Lei. as the subject of the sentence 2. What surprised Xie Lei was that she found herself speaking up in class after just a few weeks. 3. It’s important that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her studies and her social life. as the subject of the sentence as the predictive of the sentence as the subject of the sentence Combine each pair of sentences using the words in brackets. 1. The advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations (期望，预期) when studying abroad. His words were quite helpful to May. (what) What the advisor talked about maintaining reasonable expectations when studying abroad was quite helpful to May. 谈论… talk sth vt.说了... 合并2个句子成一个句子的方法/步骤： ①找共同； ②确定主句； ③确定从句的位置； ④用什么连词。 T: 先以第一题为例，给学生讲合并的过程/方法（2个句子的共同部分：即找出代词、名词的指代），不能直接公布答案，很可能大家都还不会简单句/复合句合并成复合句。→全部一起完成第2,3题→第4-6题布置成课后作业，写在作业本上交上来。 22 2. Students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework. This was not something that Chen Hao was ready for. (that) That students have to write countless research papers as part of their coursework was not something that Chen Hao was ready for. adj.无数的，数不尽的 研究论文 n. 作业 3. Who will be the successful applicant (申请人) for the summer job at the law firm (事务所)? This is the question. (who) Who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm is the question. The question is who will be the successful applicant for the summer job at the law firm. 在律师事务所 T: 前提是名词The question is ，如，从句放在前、后都无所谓。 24 4. Exposure (接触、体验) to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights (洞察力、眼光) into the world. This is an advantage of studying abroad. (that) That exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world is an advantage of studying abroad. An advantage of studying abroad is that exposure to another culture and its people can give exchange students great insights into the world. 对世界的洞察力 5. Schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds. This impressed Liu Yang( It … that) It impressed Liu Yang that schools in the States are quite multicultural, with students and teachers from many different ethnic backgrounds 6. Should she, stick to her own way of life or follow the American way? This is her confusion. (whether) Whether she should stick to her own way of life or follow the American way is her confusion. Complete the table to summarise what you have learnt about noun clauses. 名词性从句 (noun clauses) 类型 功能 语序 it 引导词 that省略 主语从句 充当______ ______ 语序 作______ ______ 表语从句 充当______ \ ______ 宾语从句 充当______ 作______ ______ 主语 表语 宾语 陈述 形式主语 形式宾语 连词 连接代词 连接副词 不省 不省 可省 Complete the passage with A – D from the box. What other things do you think might attract international students to China? A that he enjoys being with Chinese people B How he can learn to appreciate it more deeply C What impressed him first D that people can eat almost everything with chopsticks 喜欢和…待在一起 n.筷子 吸引…到… T: 对本单元的写作话题有用，积累短语。 28 After just a few months in China, Leon, an exchange student from Germany, says that he has fallen in love with Chinese culture. ______ was the Chinese food. He couldn’t believe how many different kinds of Chinese food there are! Something else he found impressive was ______. Then there’s China’s colourful culture, from art to music, and from calligraphy to literature. C C What impressed him first 逻辑纽带 多彩的文化 n.书法 D T: 对本单元的写作话题有用，积累短语。 29 ______ remains an important goal for him, as he is truly fascinated by it. Leon is also amazed by the convenience of cashless payments in China. He can go outside without any need for cash — all he needs is his mobile phone! The biggest reason why he loves China, however, is ______. He has made great friends here — friends that he will still remember long after his departure (离开). B A 语法纽带 A that he enjoys being with Chinese people D that people can eat almost everything with chopsticks 词汇纽带 语法纽带 词汇纽带 B How he can learn to appreciate it more deeply D that people can eat almost everything with chopsticks 被…吸引 对…感到惊讶 出门无需带现金 手机 在他离开很久之后 出门无需带现金 Work in pairs and take turns to talk about Xie Lei’s experience by completing the following sentences with your own words. 1 That ... made Xie Lei confused at first. 2 It surprised Xie Lei that ... 3 What Xie Lei’s tutor wanted to say was that … 4 The motivation for Xie Lei to study abroad was that … 轮流做… 某人做…的动机/目的是… Thank you $$