重难点02 语法填空之名词的数-2025年高考英语【热点•重点•难点】专练（新高考通用）

重难点02 语法填空之名词的数 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1语法填空考查名词单数变复数 （5年9考） 2024新课标I卷--favourites; 2024新课标II卷--themes; 2024全国甲卷--treasures; 2023新课标II卷--interviews; 2023全国乙卷--wonders; 2022新课标I卷--populations; 2021新课标I卷--humans; 2021全国甲卷--watchtowers; 2021全国乙卷--Activities 1.名词单数变复数几乎每年必考，属于复习重点。 2.既要掌握名词单数变复数一般规则，还要注意不规则变化，如humans。 3.注意掌握名词单数变复数限定词或主谓一致。 4.注意区分可数和不可数名词。 考点2短文改错考查名词单数变复数 （5年5考） 2023全国甲卷--butterfly改为butterflies; 2022全国乙卷--bicycle改为bicycles 2021全国乙卷--dish改为dishes; 2020新课标I卷--chopstick改为chopsticks; 2020新课标II卷--vacations改为vacation。 考点3短文改错考查不可数名词 （5年0考） 考点一：语法填空考查名词单数变复数，且有明确的限定词或语境暗示。 1.（2024新课标I卷）These plants included modern Western 62 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 2.（2024新课标II卷）Although they could never have met, there are common ___57___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. 3.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 62 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). 4.（2023新课标II卷）They also need to be ready to give (interview) in English with international journalists. 5.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 6.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___________ (population)and homes of giant pandas, 7.（2023浙江1月卷）Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic (event). 8.（2021新课标I卷）The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we_________(human) are. 9.（2021全国甲卷） Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and __________ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people 10.（2021全国乙卷）___________(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) 11.（2021北京卷）Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse _____________ (idea). 12.（2020年北京卷）Now, lots of ______________ (country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. 13.（2020浙江卷）Later，they learned to work with the __________ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields. 15.（2020浙江卷1月）For Japan, the__________(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. 考点二：短文改错考查名词单数变复数，且有明确的限定词或语境暗示。 16.（2023全国甲卷）The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautiful on the stamps. 17.（2022全国乙卷）Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle. 18.（2021全国甲卷）Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other. 19.（2021全国乙卷）I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. 20.（2020新课标I卷）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. 21.（2020新课标II卷）Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. 考点三：短文改错考查不可数名词没有复数的用法。 22. (2017全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. 22.(2016全国II卷)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. 23. (2016四川卷)Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. 24.(2015全国I卷)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. 25. (2011全国I卷）It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. （建议用时：40分钟） 【提升练一：给出下列各组单词的复数形式】 1. glass bus box church brush 2. breath path ox mouth stomach 3. family factory city country baby 4. valley chimney monkey holiday boy 5. potato tomato hero Negro volcano 6. kilo piano photo radio kangaroo 7. knife leaf wolf life thief 8. gulf roof belief proof chef 9. tooth goose mouse 10. child man woman policeman Frenchman 11. Roman German human 12. phenomenon quiz crisis analysis emphasis 13. grown-up passer-by looker-on stand-by editor-in-chief 14. deer sheep series fish species 15. works means aircraft Chinese Japanese 16. boy friend girl student man teacher woman scientist 【提升练二：单句填空】 1. Two_________ (month) ago, three _________ (hero) caught four _________ (thief). They made them plant some _________ (potato) and _________ (tomato) in two _________ (zoo). They also made their ________ (wife) return the four big _________ (box) with some precious _________ (photo) and _________ (brush) in them. 2. On __________(teacher) Day, two _________(editor-in-chief), three ________________(man teacher) and five _________ (woman doctor), together with their _________ (child), went to the farm in the countryside. There they were lucky to see two _________(sheep), three _________ (deer), four _________ (ox), five _________ (goose) and six white _________ (mouse) with three _________ (foot) and six _________ (tooth). 【提升练三：在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。】 1. Some people say that Mozart is one of Europe’s greatest _____________ (composer). 2. She failed to live up to her parents’ _____________ (expect). 3. Their _____________ (remark) about the plan were taken into consideration. 4.（24-25高一上•广东东莞•期中）There are several possible _____________ (solution) to this problem, but we must carefully consider each one. 5.（24-25高二上•广东东莞•期中）The stories and traditions of our ancestors have been passed down through _____________ (generation). 6. Two days later, the fighting between the two countries left the area in ____________ (ruin).. 7. _____________ such as the ancient pyramids and the Great Wall are not only important for navigation in an unfamiliar city but also serve as remarkable testaments to human history and civilization. (landmark) 8. My friend will help you move your_____________ (belong) to your new house. 9. So charming are the _____________ (sight) of Jiuzhaigou that they leave a deep impression on visitors from home and abroad. 10.（24-25高一上•江苏南通•期中）In the long term, there are _____________ ( benefit) to both approaches. 11. _____________ (million) of people die from car accidents every year in the world. 12.（24-25高二上•四川内江•期中）You will have _____________ (mass) of time to make arrangements before the opera begins. 13.（24-25高二上•广东东莞•期中）The workers worked hard enough to successfully meet their _____________ (objective) for the year. 14. As we know, everyone has _____________ (strength) and weaknesses, so don’t look down upon yourself. 15. He quickly assessed what _____________ (alternative) were open to him. 16.（24-25高一上•江苏宿迁•期中）As we live in social groups, there are many _____________ (benefit) of friendship that we can enjoy. 17.（24-25高一上•广东东莞•期中）Don’t worry for we’ve made all the _____________ (arrangement) for you. 18. The footballer scored three _____________ (goal) and his team finally won the match. 19.（24-25高一上•山东日照•期中）We have many good _____________ (approach) to teaching languages. 20.（24-25高一上•吉林•期中）There are many _____________ (vary) of flowers in the garden. 21.（24-25高一上•四川成都•期中）We are making efforts to alleviate poverty and build a prosperous society in all (respect). 22.（23-24高二下•广东汕尾•期中）One of the _____________ (highlight) of the trip was seeing the Taj Mahal. 23.（24-25高一上•福建福州•期中）A team of _____________ (architect) worked closely with the engineers to ensure the structural stability of the bridge. 24.（24-25高一上•黑龙江哈尔滨•期中）Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the traditional _____________ (festival) in China. 25.（24-25高一上•广东广州•期中）One of the _____________ (survive) was knocked unconscious when the helicopter ditched (紧急降落). 【提升练四：语法填空语篇训练】【中国第一位女航天飞行工程师王浩泽】 （24-25高三上·黑龙江·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wang Haoze, a crew member of the Shenzhou XIX mission, is China’s first female spaceflight engineer. During her college years, she was outstanding 1 (academic), ranking at the top of her class. Additionally, she represented her school in sports competitions. “ 2 was my postgraduate mentor who led me to a career in the space industry. Professor Gu Fan is very interested in spaceflight 3 often discussed relevant topics with us. He also encouraged his postgraduate students to apply 4 jobs in the space industry,” Wang Haoze recalled, explaining that the professor was so 5   (influence) to her that she decided to join the spacecraft research community. As her graduation approached, Wang 6 (submit) her resume to the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute, China’s major research body of liquid-propellant rocket engines. At the institute, Wang was part of the research and development of new models of rocket engines, a new field 7 she had never been involved. 8 (face) with new challenges and knowledge, she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties, which appeared as an attractive game to her. On October 30, 2024, she embarked on a space journey aboard Shenzhou-19. Her 9 (responsibility) include space experiments, material management, and station affairs. Wang Haoze is 10 inspiration, demonstrating courage, perseverance, and a passion for space exploration. ( 3 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 重难点02 语法填空之名词的数 考点 五年考情（2020-2024） 命题趋势 考点1语法填空考查名词单数变复数 （5年9考） 2024新课标I卷--favourites; 2024新课标II卷--themes; 2024全国甲卷--treasures; 2023新课标II卷--interviews; 2023全国乙卷--wonders; 2022新课标I卷--populations; 2021新课标I卷--humans; 2021全国甲卷--watchtowers; 2021全国乙卷--Activities 1.名词单数变复数几乎每年必考，属于复习重点。 2.既要掌握名词单数变复数一般规则，还要注意不规则变化，如humans。 3.注意掌握名词单数变复数限定词或主谓一致。 4.注意区分可数和不可数名词。 考点2短文改错考查名词单数变复数 （5年5考） 2023全国甲卷--butterfly改为butterflies; 2022全国乙卷--bicycle改为bicycles 2021全国乙卷--dish改为dishes; 2020新课标I卷--chopstick改为chopsticks; 2020新课标II卷--vacations改为vacation。 考点3短文改错考查不可数名词 （5年0考） 考点一：语法填空考查名词单数变复数，且有明确的限定词或语境暗示。 1.（2024新课标I卷）These plants included modern Western 62 (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. 1. favorites。 解析：考查名词的数。句意：这些植物包括现代西方最受喜爱的迷迭香、薰衣草和茴香。favorite是可数名词，意为“特别受喜爱的东西”，根据空后such as rosemary, lavender and fennel可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填favorites。 场合 用法 示例 一般情况下 在词尾直接加-s mouth→mouths, house→houses 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词 在词尾加-es glass→glasses, box→boxes, church→churches, brush→brushes 以辅音字母+-y结尾的名词 变y为i再加-es country→countries, factory→factories 以元音字母+-y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加-s holiday→holidays, monkey→monkeys 以辅音字母+-o结尾的名词 直接加-es hero→heroes, potato→potatoes 以元音字母+-o结尾的名词 直接加-s zoo→zoos, zero→zeros 以元音字母+-o结尾的名词 特殊直接加-s photo→photos, kilo→kilos, piano→pianos 以-f,-fe结尾的名词 变f或fe为 -ves wife→wilves, wolf→wolves 以-f,-fe结尾的名词 直接加-s gulf→gulfs, roof→roofs, belief→beliefs, safe→safes 单复数同形的名词 单复数同形 deer, sheep, Chinese, means, series, species 特殊记忆的名词 单独记忆 man→men, woman→women, child→children, tooth→teeth, foot→feet, mouse→mice 合成名词的复数 主体名词变复数 passer-by→passers-by, looker-on→lookers-on 合成名词的复数 无名词最后加-s grown-up→grown-ups, go-between→go-betweens 2.（2024新课标II卷）Although they could never have met, there are common ___57___ (theme)in their works, said Paul Edmondson, head of research for the Shakespeare Birthplace Trust. 2. themes。 解析：考查名词的数。句意：莎士比亚故居信托基金会的研究主管Paul Edmondson说，尽管他们从未见过面，但他们的作品中都有共同的主题。本句为“there be”句型，为倒装句，根据谓语动词“are”可判断，本句主语为名词的复数形式。故填themes。 3.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend to catch our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 62 (treasure) of American heritage (遗产). 3. treasures。 解析：考查名词。句意：它们是美国传统的瑰宝。treasure表示“宝藏”，为可数名词，结合前文they are，应用复数形式，故填treasures。 4.（2023新课标II卷）They also need to be ready to give (interview) in English with international journalists. 4. interviews。 解析：考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。 5.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place that welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 5. wonders。 解析：考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。 6.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___________ (population)and homes of giant pandas, 6. populations。 解析：考查名词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词population (种群)的复数的形式。故填populations。 7.（2023浙江1月卷）Thanks to Beijing’s long history as capital of China, almost every hutong has its stories, and some are even associated with historic (event). 7. events。 解析：考查名词的数。句意：感谢北京作为中国首都的悠久的历史，同时每一条胡同都有自己的故事，甚至有一些还跟历史事件有关。根据空格前的形容词historic可知，空格处需要填名词，且event为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填events。 8.（2021新课标I卷）The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we_________(human) are. 8. humans。 解析：考查名词。句意为：一旦你到达山顶,你所看到的滚滚云海将提醒你我们人类是多么渺小。表示"人类",常用复数名词humans,此处作同位语,故填humans. 9.（2021全国甲卷） Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and __________ (watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people 9. watchtowers。 解析：考查名词复数。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。 10.（2021全国乙卷）___________(activity)there range from whale watching to hiking(远足) 10. Activities。 解析：考查名词。句意：那里的活动从观鲸到徒步旅行并且住宿宗旨是对自然环境影响达到很小。根据谓语动词range可知，空格处应填用可数名词activity的复数形式作主语。故填Activities。 11.（2021北京卷）Why do we dream？Scientists aren't completely sure,and they have diverse _____________ (idea). 11. ideas。 解析：考查可数名词的数。句意：科学家们还不能完全确定，他们有不同的想法。diverse“不同的，多种多样的”，形容词作定语，后接可数名词复数；idea想法，可数名词。故填ideas。 12.（2020年北京卷）Now, lots of ______________ (country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. 12．countries。 解析：考查名词的数。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售这种袋子，以阻止人们使用。lots of修饰可数名词复数，故填countries。 13.（2020浙江卷）Later，they learned to work with the __________ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， making use of annual floods to irrigate (灌溉) their fields. 14. seasons。 解析：考查名词复数。句意：后来，他们学会了因地制宜，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子，提示词的词性为为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。 15.（2020浙江卷1月）For Japan, the__________(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050. 15. numbers。 解析：考查名词的数。句意：对日本来说，这个数字更加惊人——1950年是22岁，今天是46岁，2050年是53岁。number为可数名词表示“数字”，且根据下文are可知主语应用复数形式，故填numbers。 考点二：短文改错考查名词单数变复数，且有明确的限定词或语境暗示。 16.（2023全国甲卷）The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautiful on the stamps. 16. butterfly改为butterflies。 解析：考查名词的数。蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。句意：根据上文The bees可知，此处应用复数形式。故butterfly改为butterflies。 17.（2022全国乙卷）Our cities will be better places if we replace cars with bicycle. 17. bicycle改为bicycles。 解析：考查名词。句意：如果用自行车代替汽车，我们的城市将变得更好。bicycle为可数名词，由句中的cars和句意可知，此处应用复数形式。故将bicycle改为bicycles。 18.（2021全国甲卷）Here are the results. Many students say they will talk to their friend or classmates because they're of the same age and can understand each other. 18. friend改为friends。 解析：句意：许多同学说他们会和他们的朋友说或同学讲，因为他们是同龄人，能彼此理解。friend“朋友”为可数名词，结合句中their，所以此处要用复数。故friend改为friends。 19.（2021全国乙卷）I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dish after meals. 19. dish改为dishes。 解析：考查名词单复数。句意：饭后我总是帮助父母洗碗。固定短语“do the dishes”译为“洗餐具”。故将dish改为dishes。 20.（2020新课标I卷）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick. 20. chopstick改为chopsticks。 解析：句意：下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”，通常以复数形式出现，故将chopstick改为chopsticks。 21.（2020新课标II卷）Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations. 21. vacations改为vacation。 解析：vacation译为“假期”是个不可数名词，后面不可加s表示复数。Summer vacation 译为“暑期”是固定搭配。故将vacations改为vacation。 考点三：短文改错考查不可数名词没有复数的用法。 22. (2017全国Ⅱ卷) Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. 用法 示例 1.不可数名词没有复数形式。 2.前边不能有冠词a或an。 1.常见不可数名词有fun趣味, furniture家具, luggage行李, information信息, progress进步, advice建议, air空气, knowledge知识, news消息, equipment设备, work工作, homework作业, housework家务。 2.这些名词取首字母可以妙记为flipaknew(飞来品，牛)。 22.(2016全国II卷)If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. 23. (2016四川卷)Mom has a full-time job, so she has to do most of the houseworks. 24.(2015全国I卷)The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. 25. (2011全国I卷）It felt very strange to travel without any luggages. 【答案】 21.informations改为information 解析：information为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将informations改为information。 22.knowledges改为knowledge 解析：knowledge作“知识”讲是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将knowledges改为knowledge。 23.houseworks改为housework 解析：housework作“家务活”讲是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将houseworks改为housework。 24.airs改为air 解析：air作“空气”讲是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将airs改为air。 25.luggages改为luggage 解析：luggage作“行李”讲是不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将luggages改为luggage。 （建议用时：40分钟） 【提升练一：给出下列各组单词的复数形式】 1. glass bus box church brush 2. breath path ox mouth stomach 3. family factory city country baby 4. valley chimney monkey holiday boy 5. potato tomato hero Negro volcano 6. kilo piano photo radio kangaroo 7. knife leaf wolf life thief 8. gulf roof belief proof chef 9. tooth goose mouse 10. child man woman policeman Frenchman 11. Roman German human 12. phenomenon quiz crisis analysis emphasis 13. grown-up passer-by looker-on stand-by editor-in-chief 14. deer sheep series fish species 15. works means aircraft Chinese Japanese 16. boy friend girl student man teacher woman scientist 【参考答案】 1. glasses, buses, boxes, churches, brushes 2. breaths, paths, oxen, mouths, stomachs 3. families, factories, cities, countries, babies 4. valleys, chimneys, monkeys, holidays, boys 5. potatoes, tomatoes, heroes, Negroes, volcanoes 6. kilos, pianos, photos, radios, kangaroos 7. knives, leaves, wolves, lives, thieves 8. gulfs, roofs, beliefs, proofs, chefs 9. teeth, geese, mice 10. children, men, women, policemen, Frenchmen 11. Romans, Germans, humans 12. phenomena, quizzes, crises, analyses, emphases 13. grown-ups, passers-by, lookers-on, stand-bys, editors-in-chief 14. deer, sheep, series, fish, species 15. works, means, aircraft, Chinese, Japanese 16. boy classmates, girl students, men teachers, women scientists 【提升练二：单句填空】 1. Two_________ (month) ago, three _________ (hero) caught four _________ (thief). They made them plant some _________ (potato) and _________ (tomato) in two _________ (zoo). They also made their ________ (wife) return the four big _________ (box) with some precious _________ (photo) and _________ (brush) in them. 2. On __________(teacher) Day, two _________(editor-in-chief), three ________________(man teacher) and five _________ (woman doctor), together with their _________ (child), went to the farm in the countryside. There they were lucky to see two _________(sheep), three _________ (deer), four _________ (ox), five _________ (goose) and six white _________ (mouse) with three _________ (foot) and six _________ (tooth). 【参考答案】 1. months, heroes, thieves, potatoes, tomatoes, zoos; wives; boxes, photos, brushes 2. Teachers’, editors-in-chief, men teachers, women doctors, children; sheep, deer, oxen, geese, mice, feet, teeth 【提升练三：在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。】 1. Some people say that Mozart is one of Europe’s greatest _____________ (composer). 【答案】composers 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：有人说莫扎特是欧洲最伟大的作曲家之一。此处为one of+最高级+名词复数。故填composers。 2. She failed to live up to her parents’ _____________ (expect). 【答案】expectations 【详解】考查名词。句意：她辜负了父母的期望。根据空格前的live up to可知，空格处应该用名词expectation作宾语。expectation当“期望；盼望”讲时多用复数形式。故填expectations。 3. Their _____________ (remark) about the plan were taken into consideration. 【答案】remarks 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：他们对这个计划的评论被考虑进去了。根据空格前的代词Their可知，空格处应填名词作主语，remark为可数名词，由were可知此处应用复数形式。故填remarks。 4.（24-25高一上•广东东莞•期中）There are several possible _____________ (solution) to this problem, but we must carefully consider each one. 【答案】solutions 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：这个问题有几种可能的解决办法，但我们必须仔细考虑每一个。根据several可知应用名词复数形式，作there be句型的主语，故填solutions。 5.（24-25高二上•广东东莞•期中）The stories and traditions of our ancestors have been passed down through _____________ (generation). 【答案】generations 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：我们祖先的故事和传统代代相传。generation“一代”，可数名词，此处表示“代代相传”，应用名词复数形式，作宾语，故填generations。 6. Two days later, the fighting between the two countries left the area in ____________ (ruin).. 【答案】ruins 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：两天后，两国之间的战斗使该地区成为一片废墟。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“in ruins”，意为“一片废墟”，故空格处应用“ruins”。故填ruins。 7. _____________ such as the ancient pyramids and the Great Wall are not only important for navigation in an unfamiliar city but also serve as remarkable testaments to human history and civilization. (landmark) 【答案】Landmarks 【详解】考查名词。句意：古金字塔和长城等地标不仅对陌生城市的导航很重要，也是人类历史和文明的杰出见证。分析句子可知，空格处应用名词，作主语，“landmark”意为“地标”，为可数名词，根据“such as the ancient pyramids and the Great Wall”可知，空格处应用“landmark”的复数形式，句首单词首字母大写。故填Landmarks。 8. My friend will help you move your_____________ (belong) to your new house. 【答案】belongings 【详解】考查名词。句意：我的朋友会帮你把东西搬到你的新家。所给词belong是动词，意思是“属于”，根据空前形容词性物主代词your可知，空处应该填入其名词形式belongings，意为“财物，所有物”，通常用复数形式，故填belongings。 9. So charming are the _____________ (sight) of Jiuzhaigou that they leave a deep impression on visitors from home and abroad. 【答案】sights 【详解】考查名词。句意：九寨沟的景色如此迷人，给国内外游客留下了深刻的印象。设空处为名词作主语，本句把表语So charming提前进行了倒装，主语和are保持一致，应用复数形式，故填sights。 10.（24-25高一上•江苏南通•期中）In the long term, there are _____________ ( benefit) to both approaches. 【答案】benefits 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：从长远来看，这两种方法都有益处。benefit是个名词，根据系动词are来判断，应该使用复数形式做主语。故答案是benefits。 11. _____________ (million) of people die from car accidents every year in the world. 【答案】Millions 【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：世界上每年有数百万人死于车祸。millions of是固定短语，意为“数百万”，因此空格处是millions，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Millions。 12.（24-25高二上•四川内江•期中）You will have _____________ (mass) of time to make arrangements before the opera begins. 【答案】masses 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：在歌剧开始前，你将有大量的时间来安排。根据句意和空格后的介词of可知，空格处应该用复数名词masses，构成短语masses of“大量的，许多的”。故填masses。 13.（24-25高二上•广东东莞•期中）The workers worked hard enough to successfully meet their _____________ (objective) for the year. 【答案】objectives 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：工人们努力工作，以便成功地实现他们今年的目标。objective意为“目标”，为可数名词，其前有their修饰，所以应用名词复数作宾语。故填objectives。 14. As we know, everyone has _____________ (strength) and weaknesses, so don’t look down upon yourself. 【答案】strengths 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：众所周知，每个人都有长处和短处，所以不要轻视自己。可数名词strength(长处)与名词weaknesses构成并列关系，用名词形式作宾语；结合常识和句意可知，每个人的长处不止一项，用复数形式strengths。故填strengths。 15. He quickly assessed what _____________ (alternative) were open to him. 【答案】alternatives 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：他很快评估了自己有哪些选择。alternative是可数名词，根据were可知，此处要用复数形式，在what引导的宾语从句中作主语，故填alternatives。 16.（24-25高一上•江苏宿迁•期中）As we live in social groups, there are many _____________ (benefit) of friendship that we can enjoy. 【答案】benefits 【详解】考查名词。句意：由于我们生活在社会群体中，所以我们可以享受到友谊的许多好处。可数名词benefit作主语，意为“好处”，前面有many修饰，用复数形式。故填benefits。 17.（24-25高一上•广东东莞•期中）Don’t worry for we’ve made all the _____________ (arrangement) for you. 【答案】arrangements 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：别担心，我们已经为你安排好了。arrangement“安排”是可数名词，根据上文all可知，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填arrangements。 18. The footballer scored three _____________ (goal) and his team finally won the match. 【答案】goals 【详解】考查名词。句意：这位足球运动员进了三个球，他的球队最终赢得了比赛。根据空前的three可知，空处用名词goal“进球得分”的复数形式，作scored的宾语。故填goals。 19.（24-25高一上•山东日照•期中）We have many good _____________ (approach) to teaching languages. 【答案】approaches 【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：我们有很多教授语言的好方法。approach表示 “方法”，为可数名词，前面有many修饰，用复数形式。故填 approaches。 20.（24-25高一上•吉林•期中）There are many _____________ (vary) of flowers in the garden. 【答案】varieties 【详解】考查名词。句意：花园里有很多种花。根据空前的many和空后的of flowers可知，这里指花的种类有许多种，应用名词variety，意为“变种”，为可数名词，空前有many修饰，应用名词复数。故填varieties。 21.（24-25高一上•四川成都•期中）We are making efforts to alleviate poverty and build a prosperous society in all (respect). 【答案】respects 【详解】考查名词的数。句意：我们正在努力消除贫困，全面建设小康社会。句中用名词作宾语。in all respects在各个方面；无论从哪一点来看。根据句意，故填respects。 22.（23-24高二下•广东汕尾•期中）One of the _____________ (highlight) of the trip was seeing the Taj Mahal. 【答案】highlights 【详解】考查名词。句意：这次旅行的亮点之一是参观泰姬陵。设空处为名词的形式做介词宾语，one of +名词复数表示“……之一”。故填highlights。 23.（24-25高一上•福建福州•期中）A team of _____________ (architect) worked closely with the engineers to ensure the structural stability of the bridge. 【答案】architects 【详解】考查名词复数。句意：一组建筑师与工程师密切合作，以确保桥梁的结构稳定性。由A team of可知，此空应填名词复数作主语。故填architects。 24.（24-25高一上•黑龙江哈尔滨•期中）Tomb-Sweeping Day is one of the traditional _____________ (festival) in China. 【答案】festivals 【详解】考查名词。句意：清明节是中国的传统节日之一。设空处使用名复数与前文构成one of+形容词+名词复数的结构，意为“传统节日之一”。故填festivals。 25.（24-25高一上•广东广州•期中）One of the _____________ (survive) was knocked unconscious when the helicopter ditched (紧急降落). 【答案】survivors 【详解】考查名词。句意：一名幸存者在直升机迫降时被击昏。分析句式结构可知，空格处应该用提示词的名词形式；再根据空格前的One of the可知，此处应该用名词复数形式。故填survivors。 【类型四：语法填空语篇训练】【中国第一位女航天飞行工程师王浩泽】 （24-25高三上·黑龙江·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Wang Haoze, a crew member of the Shenzhou XIX mission, is China’s first female spaceflight engineer. During her college years, she was outstanding 1 (academic), ranking at the top of her class. Additionally, she represented her school in sports competitions. “ 2 was my postgraduate mentor who led me to a career in the space industry. Professor Gu Fan is very interested in spaceflight 3 often discussed relevant topics with us. He also encouraged his postgraduate students to apply 4 jobs in the space industry,” Wang Haoze recalled, explaining that the professor was so 5   (influence) to her that she decided to join the spacecraft research community. As her graduation approached, Wang 6 (submit) her resume to the Beijing Aerospace Propulsion Institute, China’s major research body of liquid-propellant rocket engines. At the institute, Wang was part of the research and development of new models of rocket engines, a new field 7 she had never been involved. 8 (face) with new challenges and knowledge, she enjoyed learning and overcoming difficulties, which appeared as an attractive game to her. On October 30, 2024, she embarked on a space journey aboard Shenzhou-19. Her 9 (responsibility) include space experiments, material management, and station affairs. Wang Haoze is 10 inspiration, demonstrating courage, perseverance, and a passion for space exploration. 【答案】 1．academically 2．It 3．and 4．for 5．influential 6．submitted 7．where 8．Faced 9．responsibilities 10．an 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍中国第一位女航天飞行工程师王浩泽。 1．考查副词。句意：在大学期间，她学习成绩优异，在班上名列前茅。修饰上文的形容词outstanding，作状语，应该用副词academically。故填academically。 2．考查代词。句意：“是我的研究生导师带领我进入航天行业的。顾凡教授对航天非常感兴趣，经常和我们讨论相关的话题。他还鼓励他的研究生申请航天行业的工作，”王浩泽回忆说，并解释说，这位教授对她的影响很大，她决定加入航天器研究界。根据句意和下文的was以及who可知，此处是强调句型“It was+被强调部分+who/that+其它部分”，强调句子的主语my postgraduate mentor。故填It。 3．考查连词。句意：“是我的研究生导师带领我进入航天行业的。顾凡教授对航天非常感兴趣，经常和我们讨论相关的话题。他还鼓励他的研究生申请航天行业的工作，”王浩泽回忆说，并解释说，这位教授对她的影响很大，她决定加入航天器研究界。空格后的discussed和上文is very interested in是并列谓语部分，应该用and连接。故填and。 4．考查介词。句意：“是我的研究生导师带领我进入航天行业的。顾凡教授对航天非常感兴趣，经常和我们讨论相关的话题。他还鼓励他的研究生申请航天行业的工作，”王浩泽回忆说，并解释说，这位教授对她的影响很大，她决定加入航天器研究界。apply for“申请”是固定搭配。故填for。 5．考查形容词。句意：“是我的研究生导师带领我进入航天行业的。顾凡教授对航天非常感兴趣，经常和我们讨论相关的话题。他还鼓励他的研究生申请航天行业的工作，”王浩泽回忆说，并解释说，这位教授对她的影响很大，她决定加入航天器研究界。根据句意和空格前的was可知，空格处应该用形容词influential作表语。故填influential。 6．考查时态。句意：随着毕业的临近，她向中国液体火箭发动机的主要研究机构——北京航天推进研究院递交了简历。空格处是谓语动词，描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填submitted。 7．考查定语从句。句意：在该研究所，王参与了新型火箭发动机的研究和开发，这是一个她从未参与过的新领域。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词field进行限定说明，先行词在从句中作地点状语，应该用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：面对新的挑战和知识，她喜欢学习和克服困难，这对她来说是一种有吸引力的游戏。be faced with“面对”是固定搭配，此处是非谓语动词作状语，动词face与句子的主语she之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作状语。故填Faced。 9．考查名词复数。句意：她的职责包括空间实验、材料管理和空间站事务。根据下文列举的多种职责可知，此处应该用复数名词responsibilities作主语。故填responsibilities。 10．考查冠词。句意：王浩泽是一个鼓舞人心的人，他展现了勇气、毅力和对太空探索的热情。根据句意和空格后的单数名词inspiration可知，空格处应该用不定冠词表示“一”，inspiration的发音是元音音素开头，所以用an。故填an。 ( 13 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$