精品解析：黑龙江省哈尔滨市第十一中学校2024-2025学年高二上学期11月月考英语试题

哈尔滨市第十一中学校高二学年上学期11月月考 英语试题 分数：120分 时间：90分钟 第一部分 单项选择(每小题1分，满分25分) 1. --What do you think of the book? --Oh, excellent. It's worth ______ a second time. What's more, the ideas in the book are worthy ______. A. to read; discussing B. to be read; to discuss C. reading; of being discussed D. being read; of discussing 2. Will it suit your _________ that we meet at 7.00 o'clock this evening? A. satisfaction B. appointment C. delight D. convenience 3. — Will Mr. Black go to the opening ceremony this weekend? — No, he has finally decided ________. A. not B. not to C. not to go D. not to go to 4. Without a ________ job, William was concerned about his family’s future very much. A. permanent B. temporary C. distinctive D. standard 5. Everyone ________ difficulties with academic work at one time or another, and overcoming these challenges is a vital part of learning as well. A. encounters B. survives C. defeats D. registers 6. Serena left London in the ___________ of seeing her family again before long. A. inspiration B. expectation C. invitation D. cooperation 7. His language is ________ and amusing, which gives the readers a detailed description of the country lifestyle in Britain. A. difficult B. original C. vivid D. local 8. It is difficult for us to ________ a conversation with all this noise around us. A. carry on B. account for C. bring up D. get across 9. IP addresses are the unique sequence of numbers ______ to each computer, websites or other Internet-connected devices. A. to assign B. assigning C. assigned D. being assigned 10. Little Susan stood by the table and felt the bag, ______ to know what was in it. A. cautious B. various C. confident D. curious 11 All the songs were performed very skillfully at the concert last night—I enjoyed the last one ______. A. in return B. in panic C. in particular D. in order 12. Going through the huge forest alone can be ____________. A. frightened B. frightening C. frightens D. to frighten 13. Out of necessity or out of interest, people go back to school for the common goal to _______ themselves. A. support B. improve C. promise D. consider 14. The new student ________ many journals concerned with his subject in order to have a good knowledge of the latest information. A. subscribes to B. accounts for C. attends to D. submits to 15. I have offered to paint the house in ______ for a week’s accommodation. A. search B. turn C. preparation D. exchange 16. With natural resources becoming fewer and fewer, how to make use of energy, such as sunlight and wind, has become our top priority. A. primary B. alternative C. instant D. unique 17. —Did you take part in Mary's birthday party last Friday? —I had ________to，but one of my classmates called on me. A. admitted B. intended C. agreed D. promised 18. Although he only began his work 3 months ago, he is now a teacher that ______ respect from parents and students. A. has gained B. are gained C. have gained D. is gained 19. The country life he was used to ________ greatly since last year. A. has changed B. changing C. change D. changed 20. The performer was waving his stick in the street and it ______missed the child standing close to him. A. formally B. narrowly C. occasionally D. regularly 21. I ________ an old friend of mine in the street yesterday. A. made sure B. came across C. added to D. wound up 22. More often than not we will have to rely on the ____ to know the meaning of a word. A. contact B. resource C. context D. title 23. The fire spread quickly and the whole house was_______in a short time. A. turned down B. knocked down C taken down D. burned down 24. I didn’t like him at first, but in the end I ______ got quite fond of him. A. actually B. initially C. fluently D. frequently 25. Smoking _______ about 90% deaths from lung cancer (肺癌). A. is responsible for B. is typical for C. is aware of D. is suitable for 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节：(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A When it comes to hiking, Greece has something for every kind of walker. The mainland boasts (拥有)well-maintained routes, while on the country’s islands you’ll find ancient paths dating back to Byzantine times connecting sleepy villages with beautiful sandy coves (小海湾). Here’s our pick of Greece’s best hikes.  Samaria Gorge(峡谷), Crete 16 kilometers(10 miles), 4 hours Hiking the 16-kilometer Samaria Gorge is considered one of Crete’s must-do experiences, which is why you’ll rarely be without company. Nevertheless, there’s an undeniable raw beauty to Samaria, where vertical (垂直的) walls soar up to 500 meters and are just 3.5 meters apart at the narrowest point (150 meters at the broadest). The hike begins at 1,230 meters at Xyloskalo just south of Omalos and ends in the coastal village of Agia Roumeli. It’s especially scenic in April and May, when wildflowers brighten the route.  Mt Ohi summit hike, Evia 8 kilometers(5 miles), 3 to 4 hours The summit of Mt Ohi (Profitis Ilias; 1,398 m), lesser-visited Evia’s third-highest peak, is crowned by mysterious ancient dragon houses: 7th century BC architecture, made from rocks weighing several tons. From Myli, it’s an 8-kilometer hike to the summit (three to four hours). It’s possible to stay overnight at the 1,000-meter-high refuge then hike up Mt Ohi to catch the sunrise(30 minutes), which makes for a magical experience. Contact South Evia Tours or Evia Adventure Tours for details.  Delphi to Kirra Walk, Central Greece 14 kilometers (9 miles), 3 to 4 hours This 14-kilometer downhill hike follows a centuries-old pathway from historic Delphi to the ancient port of Kirra, just east of modern Itea on the southern coast of mainland Greece. The hike starts from the E4 long-distance starting point 100 meters east of the Hotel Acropole. Skirting the village of Crissa, it goes to the gulf (海湾) through Greece’s largest olive garden. After your three-to-four-hour hike, and lunch or a swim, you can return to Delphi by bus (around 2 euros).  Hike to the Tomb of Kleobolus, Rhodes 5 kilometers(3 miles), 2 hours An easy, enjoyable 5-kilometer(two-hour)round-trip hike escapes Lindos to reach the so-called Tomb of Kleobolus. Starting alongside Car Park 1 above the main beach, the route ends at a rocky hill topped by a circular tomb actually built during the 2nd century BC, long after Kleobolus ruled Rhodes. 26. What is the raw beauty of Samaria? A. High and narrow gorges. B. Magical sunset. C. Wildflowers throughout the year. D. Mysterious large rocks. 27. What will visitors see during the Mt Ohi summit hike, Evia? A. Ancient buildings. B. Evia’s highest peak. C. A circular tomb. D. Greece’s largest olive garden. 28. What can we learn about the Delphi to Kirra Walk? A. It lets visitors experience the modern world of Greece. B. Visitors are recommended to get back to Delphi by ship. C. The route connects two places with a long history. D. It is a challenging route through a rocky hill. B In March, 2021, the much-loved children’s author Beverly Cleary passed away at age 104. Cleary’s writing changed the world of children’s books by showing that stories about the lives of ordinary kids could be interesting, funny, and popular. Cleary was born in 1916. As a child, she had trouble learning to read. Even after she learned to love reading, she felt like the people she was reading about didn’t have much to do with her and her life, which were unattractive to her. She wanted to read funny books about children like herself. When she grew up, Cleary realized there weren’t many books about ordinary kids. So she set out to write them at age 30 and tried to get kids hooked on reading since she found they didn’t show much interest in books. Cleary’s first book, Henry Huggins, came out in 1950.It tells the story of a boy and the dog that he takes in. Soon Cleary wrote more books about Henry Huggins and the other children in his neighborhood. Ramona Quimby, also known as Ramona the Pest, became Cleary’s best known book. The Mouse and the Motorcycle tells the exciting story of a motorcycle-riding mouse and his friendship with a young boy. But that sort of fantasy was unusual for Cleary, who usually focused on real life. In several books, the parents have money trouble or are unhappy with their jobs. Dear Mr. Henshaw tells the story of a boy dealing with his parents’ breaking-off. Cleary had kept writing for 53 years, creating over 40 books in all. She won almost every award there was for children’s books, including the Newbery Medal and the National Book Award. Though Cleary is no longer with us, her characters and stories will beloved and shared for years to come. 29. How did Cleary find the books she read as a kid? A. Difficult. B. Expensive. C. Frightening. D. Boring. 30. What does the underlined part “hooked on” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. To dream of. B. To learn from. C. To deeply enjoy. D. To easily provide. 31. Which of the following is a fantasy? A. Dear Mr. Henshaw. B. The Mouse and the Motorcycle. C. Henry Huggins. D. Ramona the Pest. 32. How old was Cleary when she stopped writing? A. About 53. B. About 63. C. About 73. D. About 83. C The conditions for some of extreme fires in recent years have become between 3 and 20 times globally. Record-breaking fires burned in Canada and turned skies far away in New York orange and grey. The largest recorded fires in the European Union killed 19 people in Greece, and fires in western Amazonia brought dirt y air to local towns. And we just went through a super destructive wildfire season in Athens, Greece, in August 2024. A major report shows that the amount of carbon emissions (碳排放) from wildfires between 2023 and 2024 was 8.2 billion tons of CO2. Forest wildfires would release more carbon emissions, pose a higher risk to people, and take longer to recover. There is no single definition of what fire can be an extreme fire. It could be measured by burned area, intensity, or how unusual they are. “At 200 square kilometres, this year’s fires in Greece are much smaller than the 900 square kilometres burned last fire season, but it would count as an extreme fire, because of its closeness to and potential damage to people,” said author Dr Joe McNorton. When this big wildfire tears through Athens, scientists in Europe are racing to understand why extreme fires like this are becoming more common. They find climate change is the key factor. Warmer temperatures dry out forests, which make a fire more likely to spread. It can also cause more plants to grow, which provides more fuel (燃料) for the fire. Humans also influence fires, like starting them themselves, breaking up the landscape, or how well they fight them. Dr Joe says the report will both guide preparations for wildfires, and help the world understand the simple fact that fires will keep getting worse until fossil fuels are replaced with renewable energy sources. To tackle the problem, leaders should consider protecting forest boundaries, reducing the amount of natural fuel fire, imposing fire bans on high-risk days, and investing more in early warning prediction systems. 33. How is paragraph 1 developed? A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By discussing solutions. D. By explaining causes. 34. Why was the fire in Greece considered as an extreme fire? A. It burned a very large area. B. It brought harmful effects. C. It had much carbon emissions. D. It lasted a long period of time. 35. What mainly causes extreme fires? A. Size of forests. B. Human behavior. C. Location of fires. D. Climate warming. 36. What does the underlined word “tackle” in the last paragraph mean? A. Apply for. B. Bring about. C. Deal with. D. Focus on. D Spanish scientist Pilar Bosch has found a way to use bacteria (细菌) to repair 18th-century paintings. Bosch, a microbiologist, said that she got the idea for the method while considering possibilities for a paper toward her doctoral degree. During this process, she discovered someone else’s paper that suggested bacteria can be used to repair artworks. At around the same time, Bosch learned that her mother, Pilar Roig, was struggling to find a good method for repairing 18th-century paintings. The paintings, by Spanish artist Antonio Palomino, sat in Santos Juanes—one of the oldest churches in the city of Valencia. Pilar Roig noted how difficult the repair process at the church was. One reason was the glue (胶水) used to remove the paintings from the walls in the 1960s. The glue was nearly impossible to remove completely. “My mother had a very difficult problem to solve and I found a paper about bacteria used to clean paintings on walls in Italy,” Bosch said. Bosch added she decided to write her doctoral paper on the same subject. Today, she gets to work with her mother on the church repair. They are using the bacteria method to remove glue from artworks. The $4.46 million project is being financed by local organizations. To repair, they feed small amounts of the glue that was made from animal collagen (胶原蛋白) to the bacteria. After a time, the bacteria begin to naturally produce enzymes (酶) to break down the glue. The mother-daughter team then mixes the bacteria with a natural algae-based substance, called a gel (凝胶), and places it onto the paintings. After about three hours, the gel mixture is removed, leaving the paintings glue-free. Bosch’s mother, now 75, noted that in the past, people working on repairing artworks had to use traditional cleaning methods that took hours and damaged the painting. Bosch is now training other scientists to use a different kind of bacteria to clear walls of painted graffiti. 37. How did Bosch find the way to repair old paintings? A. Her mother inspired her. B. Her doctor instructed her. C. She tested it out by many experiments. D. She found it when preparing her paper. 38. What made it difficult to repair the old paintings? A. Not having enough money. B. The history of the churches. C. The glue that was once used. D. Experience of past failures. 39. What is paragraph 4 centered on? A. The process of cleaning the paintings. B. The necessity of repaıring the paintings. C. The challenges facing the mother-daughter team. D. The materials that are used to clean the paintings. 40 Which can be the best title for the text? A. Bacteria Removal Process Is Widely Used in Spain. B. Spanish Scientist Uses Bacteria to Repair Artworks. C. Old Artworks Are Likely to Be Repaired with Bacteria. D. Spanish Mother-Daughter Team Discovered A Painting. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Running mistakes can happen to everyone at some point during training and racing, and they will lead to injuries. ___41___ . Wearing the wrong shoes Wearing a comfortable pair of running shoes is a good, starting point. The wrong type of running shoes can ruin your workout plan. If you have a history of running injuries, there is no easy answer without a trained professional watching the way you run and making a recommendation to you. ___42___ . Doing too much, too soon ___43___ . They get so excited about their running that they do too much mileage (英里里程) and too fast, too soon, without taking any time off to rest and recover. As a result, they develop common overuse running injuries. Run less often, for shorter times, and at a slower pace than you think you should, especially early on in your development. Taking overly long strides (大步) Some runners think that a longer stride will improve their speed or running efficiency, but that’s not the case. Overstriding wastes energy since it means you’ re breaking with each footfall. Make sure that you don’t lunge forward with your feet and your feet are directly underneath your body with every step. ___44___ . A short, low arm swing is the key to keeping your stride short and close to the ground. ___45___ Some runners swing their arms side-to-side, which makes them more likely to not breathe as efficiently. Some beginners are easy to hold their hands way up by their chest, especially as they get tired. You’ll actually feel more tired in your shoulders and neck by holding your arms that way. Try to keep your hands at waist level, right about where they might lightly brush your hip. A. Landing like a rock B. Having bad upper body form C. This is especially important when running downhill D. You can choose the right shoes in advance to start that race E. Therefore, it’s important to know what they are and how you can fix them F. If possible the best choice is to create unique shoes just suitable for your feet G. Many new runners mistakenly think that more is better when it comes to running 第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：完型填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was 17, my rowing coach declared that taking a day off a week was unnecessary. Such strict stressful routine made me ___46___ exercise, and when I eventually quit rowing, I also ___47___ exercising altogether. However, after moving to a new area — being an author and working at home, I ___48___ to be part of a team again but was ___49___ to return to rowing. One day, a neighbor ___50___ me to fill in for his basketball team because of his leg injury. Playing basketball brought back the ___51___ of being part of a team. Unlike rowing, playing basketball was purely for fun for me, without the high ___52___ for expensive equipment. My teammates and I don’t know much about each other’s personal lives, but we share a (n) ___53___ through our passion for the game and our desire to win, a connection that makes us struggle for excellence together. These weekly games have ___54___ improved my life. Being an author can be isolated (孤独的), and social media often also ____55____ my pressure. I clearly remember when I received an email to ____56____ the book I had spent a year working on, I cried sadly. At that evening, I went to play basketball. I started the game in a ____57____ mood, but as it progressed, my emotional state ____58____. By the end, I felt great. Playing basketball offers a much-needed break from these ____59____. It allows me to focus merely on the game, temporarily (暂时地) ____60____ something else. Though a small change — less than an hour a week — it has greatly improved my overall well-being. 46. A. hate B. obey C. lack D. watch 47. A. obtained B. stopped C. accessed D. recommended 48. A. longed B. pretended C. hesitated D. refused 49. A. unwilling B. proud C. pleased D. curious 50. A. reminded B. forced C. taught D. requested 51. A. defeat B. challenge C. complaint D. joy 52. A. risks B. points C. costs D. degrees 53. A. ceremony B. tie C. adventure D. excitement 54. A. significantly B. casually C. hardly D. only 55. A. refers to B. appeals to C. adds to D. adapts to 56. A. publish B. rewrite C. illustrate D. buy 57. A. cheerful B. relaxed C. positive D. terrible 58. A. improved B. worsened C. floated D. fixed 59. A. warnings B. amusements C. commitments D. stresses 60. A. predicting B. listing C. forgetting D. losing 第二节：语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分；满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble ____61____ (learn) English? I hadn’t, until one day my five-year-old son asked me ____62____ there was ham in a hamburger. There isn’t. This make me realize that there’s no egg in eggplant either. Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn. For example, in our free time we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a ____63____ (paint), but we take a photo. And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi, but on the train or bus! While we’re doing all this traveling, we can get seasick at sea, airsick in the air and carsick in a car, but we don’t get homesick when we get back home. And ____64____ (speak) of home, why aren’t homework and housework the same thing? If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”, why are “hardly” and “softly” not an ____65____ (oppose) pair? If harmless actions are the opposite of ____66____ (harm) actions, why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same? Even the smallest words can be ____67____ (confuse). When you see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report, do you read it as the “who” in “Who’s that?” What about “IT” and “US”? English ____68____ (invent) by people, not computers, and it reflects the ____69____ (create) of the human race. That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are _____70_____ (visible). And that is why when I wind up my watch, it starts, but when wind up this passage, it ends. 第四部分：写作(满分15分) 71. 假定你是李华, 你将要参加“全国英语创新大赛(National English Innovation Contest)”夏令营。请给该夏令营的外籍负责人写一封信, 内容包括： 1.自我介绍; 2.咨询比赛的相关情况(时间、地点、流程等)。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 哈尔滨市第十一中学校高二学年上学期11月月考 英语试题 分数：120分 时间：90分钟 第一部分 单项选择(每小题1分，满分25分) 1. --What do you think of the book? --Oh, excellent. It's worth ______ a second time. What's more, the ideas in the book are worthy ______. A. to read; discussing B. to be read; to discuss C. reading; of being discussed D. being read; of discussing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词的被动语态及主动表被动。句意：——你认为这本书怎么样？——哦，太棒了！值得再读一次。而且书中的想法值得讨论。根据句意及句子结构可知，第一空用短语be worth doing sth.，表示“值得做某事”，故用reading。第二空考查短语be worthy of doing sth.，表示“值得做某事”。主语the ideas与discuss是动宾关系，结合短语，故用动名词的被动语态。故选C项。 2. Will it suit your _________ that we meet at 7.00 o'clock this evening? A. satisfaction B. appointment C. delight D. convenience 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们今晚7点见面，你看方便吗?A.satisfaction 满意；B.appointment 约会， 预约，约定；C.delight 高兴；D.convenience 方便。分析可知，名词convenience符合句意，作动词suit 的宾语。故选D项。 3. — Will Mr. Black go to the opening ceremony this weekend? — No, he has finally decided ________. A. not B. not to C. not to go D. not to go to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查不定式的省略。句意：——布莱克先生这个周末会去参加开幕式吗？——不，他最终决定不去了。分析句子可知，“decide not to do sth.”意为“决定不做某事”，为不定式作宾语，为了避免重复，句中涉及不定式的省略，即单独使用不定式符号“to”代替动词不定式中被省略的部分，否定形式为“not to”，故空格处应填“not to”。故选B项。 4. Without a ________ job, William was concerned about his family’s future very much. A. permanent B. temporary C. distinctive D. standard 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：没有一份固定的工作，威廉非常担心他家人的未来。A. permanent adj. 固定的；B.temporary adj. 短暂的；C.distinctive adj. 独特的，特别的，有特色的；D.standard adj. 标准的。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查形容词做定语，修饰后面的名词“job”。根据句意威廉非常担心他家人的未来，所以原因应该是他没有一份固定的工作。故选A。 5. Everyone ________ difficulties with academic work at one time or another, and overcoming these challenges is a vital part of learning as well. A. encounters B. survives C. defeats D. registers 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个人在学术工作中都会遇到困难，克服这些挑战也是学习的重要组成部分。A. encounters遇到，遭遇；B. survives幸存；C. defeats打败，战胜；D. registers登记，注册。由语意可知，空格处指“遇到困难”，然后才会克服这些困难。故选A项。 6. Serena left London in the ___________ of seeing her family again before long. A. inspiration B. expectation C. invitation D. cooperation 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：塞蕾娜离开了伦敦，期待不久就能再见到她的家人。A.inspiration鼓舞；灵感；B.expectation期待；希望；C.invitation邀请；D.cooperation合作。根据下文“seeing her family again before long”可推断，应是期待见到家人，故选B。 7. His language is ________ and amusing, which gives the readers a detailed description of the country lifestyle in Britain. A. difficult B. original C. vivid D. local 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他的语言很生动有趣，给读者详细描述了英国的乡村生活方式。A. difficult困难的；B. original起初的；C. vivid生动的；D. local当地的。根据后文“and amusing, which gives the readers a detailed description of the country lifestyle in Britain”指语言生动有趣，应用vivid。故选C。 8. It is difficult for us to ________ a conversation with all this noise around us. A. carry on B. account for C. bring up D. get across 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：周围有噪音, 我们难以继续我们的谈话。carry on继续；account for说明（原因、理由等）；bring up教育，培养；get across使……被理解。根据句意，有噪音让我们无法继续交谈，故选A。 9. IP addresses are the unique sequence of numbers ______ to each computer, websites or other Internet-connected devices. A. to assign B. assigning C. assigned D. being assigned 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：IP地址是分配给每台电脑、网站或其它互联网装置的一串特殊的数字。A.to assign分配；B.assigning分配；C.assigned分配；D.being assigned分配。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语numbers之间是动宾关系，用过去分词表示被动、完成。故选C。 10. Little Susan stood by the table and felt the bag, ______ to know what was in it. A. cautious B. various C. confident D. curious 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：小苏珊站在桌边摸着袋子，好奇地想知道里面装的是什么。A. cautious谨慎的；B. various各种各样的；C. confident自信的；D. curious好奇的。分析句子结构可知，此处为形容词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表示“好奇的”为curious。故选D项。 11. All the songs were performed very skillfully at the concert last night—I enjoyed the last one ______. A. in return B. in panic C. in particular D. in order 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：在昨晚的音乐会上，所有的歌曲都演奏得非常巧妙——我特别喜欢最后一首。A. in return作为回报；B. in panic惊慌地；C. in particular特别地；D. in order有秩序地。结合句意可知，此处表示“特别”是最后一首歌，应为in particular。故选C项。 12. Going through the huge forest alone can be ____________. A. frightened B. frightening C. frightens D. to frighten 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查-ed形容词和-ing形容词的辨析。句意：独自穿过这片巨大的森林可能会令人恐惧。A. frightened害怕的；B. frightening令人恐惧的；C. frightens使惊恐；D. to frighten去吓唬。此处描述动名词短语Going through the huge forest alone，指行为，应用-ing结尾形容词。故选B。 13. Out of necessity or out of interest, people go back to school for the common goal to _______ themselves. A. support B. improve C. promise D. consider 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：出于需要或出于兴趣，人们为了提高自己的共同目标回到学校。A. support支持；B. improve提高，改善；C. promise答应，许诺；D. consider考虑，认为。根据句意可知，人们回到学校是为了提高自己。故选B。 14. The new student ________ many journals concerned with his subject in order to have a good knowledge of the latest information. A. subscribes to B. accounts for C. attends to D. submits to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这位新学生订阅了许多与他的学科有关的期刊，以便了解最新信息。A. subscribes to订阅；B. accounts for说明；C. attends to处理；D. submits to向……递送。结合in order to have a good knowledge of the latest information.，新学生订阅学科有关的期刊，空处应用短语subscribe to，表示“订阅”，符合题意。故选A项。 15. I have offered to paint the house in ______ for a week’s accommodation. A. search B. turn C. preparation D. exchange 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我已提出给房子刷漆，以换取一个星期的住宿。A. search寻找；B. turn转身；C. preparation准备；D. exchange交换。in exchange for交换。根据“I have offered to paint the house”可知，用刷漆房子换取一周的住宿。故选D。 16. With natural resources becoming fewer and fewer, how to make use of energy, such as sunlight and wind, has become our top priority. A. primary B. alternative C. instant D. unique 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着自然资源越来越少，如何利用可替代资源，如阳光和风能，已经成为我们优先考虑的事。A. primary首要的；B. alternative可供替代的；C. instant立即的；D. unique独特的。结合语意，自然资源越来越少，所以我们要优先考虑利用可替代的资源。故选B项。 17. —Did you take part in Mary's birthday party last Friday? —I had ________to，but one of my classmates called on me. A. admitted B. intended C. agreed D. promised 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：——上周五你参加玛丽的生日聚会了吗？——我本来打算去，但是我的一个同学来看我了。A.admitted承认；B.intended打算（要做）；C.agreed同意；D.promised承诺。根据“but one of my classmates called on me.”可知，答话者本打算去但没去成，故选B。 18. Although he only began his work 3 months ago, he is now a teacher that ______ respect from parents and students. A. has gained B. are gained C. have gained D. is gained 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：虽然他才开始工作3个月，但他现在已经是一名受到家长和学生尊重的老师了。结合句意可知，表示已经受到尊敬，所以用现在完成时。从句关系代词that代指先行词a teacher，在定语从句中作主语，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式has。故选A。 19. The country life he was used to ________ greatly since last year. A. has changed B. changing C. change D. changed 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：自去年以来，他习惯的乡村生活发生了很大变化。分析句子结构可知，空处作句子谓语，根据时间状语since last year可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语The country life是单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式has changed。故选A。 20. The performer was waving his stick in the street and it ______missed the child standing close to him. A. formally B. narrowly C. occasionally D. regularly 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：表演者在街上挥舞着棍子，棍子差点打中站在他旁边的孩子。A. formally正式地；正规地；B. narrowly勉强地；以毫厘之差；C. occasionally偶尔地；D. regularly有规律地。根据句意，此处指“棍子差点打中站在他旁边的孩子”，应用narrowly。故选B。 21. I ________ an old friend of mine in the street yesterday. A. made sure B. came across C. added to D. wound up 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：昨天我在街上碰见了我的一个老朋友。A. made sure确保；B. came across偶遇；C. added to增加；D. wound up给……上发条，结束。根据空后“an old friend of mine in the street”可知，空处需用came across，表示在街上偶遇一位老朋友。故选B。 22. More often than not, we will have to rely on the ____ to know the meaning of a word. A. contact B. resource C. context D. title 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常情况下，我们必须依靠上下文来知道一个单词的意思。A. contact联系；B. resource资源；C. context上下文；D. title标题。根据后文“to know the meaning of a word”指通过上下文来知道单词的意思。故选C。 23. The fire spread quickly and the whole house was_______in a short time. A. turned down B. knocked down C. taken down D. burned down 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：火势蔓延得很快，整个房子在很短的时间内被烧毁了。A.turned down拒绝；B.knocked down击倒；C.taken down拆卸；D.burned down烧毁。根据“The fire spread quickly”可知，此处是指整个房子被烧毁了。故选D。 24. I didn’t like him at first, but in the end I ______ got quite fond of him. A. actually B. initially C. fluently D. frequently 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：起初我不喜欢他，但事实上，最后我还是很喜欢他。A. actually真实地，事实上；B. initially最初；C. fluently流利地；D. frequently频繁地。根据but转折的句意可知，此处为“事实上”。故选A项。 25. Smoking _______ about 90% deaths from lung cancer (肺癌). A. is responsible for B. is typical for C. is aware of D. is suitable for 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：大约90%的肺癌死亡与吸烟有关。A. is responsible for是……的原因；B. is typical for典型的；C. is aware of意识到；D. is suitable for适合。根据后文“about 90% deaths from lung cancer”可知，吸烟是肺癌死亡的原因。故选A。 第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分) 第一节：(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 A When it comes to hiking, Greece has something for every kind of walker. The mainland boasts (拥有)well-maintained routes, while on the country’s islands you’ll find ancient paths dating back to Byzantine times connecting sleepy villages with beautiful sandy coves (小海湾). Here’s our pick of Greece’s best hikes.  Samaria Gorge(峡谷), Crete 16 kilometers(10 miles), 4 hours Hiking the 16-kilometer Samaria Gorge is considered one of Crete’s must-do experiences, which is why you’ll rarely be without company. Nevertheless, there’s an undeniable raw beauty to Samaria, where vertical (垂直的) walls soar up to 500 meters and are just 3.5 meters apart at the narrowest point (150 meters at the broadest). The hike begins at 1,230 meters at Xyloskalo just south of Omalos and ends in the coastal village of Agia Roumeli. It’s especially scenic in April and May, when wildflowers brighten the route.  Mt Ohi summit hike, Evia 8 kilometers(5 miles), 3 to 4 hours The summit of Mt Ohi (Profitis Ilias; 1,398 m), lesser-visited Evia’s third-highest peak, is crowned by mysterious ancient dragon houses: 7th century BC architecture, made from rocks weighing several tons. From Myli, it’s an 8-kilometer hike to the summit (three to four hours). It’s possible to stay overnight at the 1,000-meter-high refuge then hike up Mt Ohi to catch the sunrise(30 minutes), which makes for a magical experience. Contact South Evia Tours or Evia Adventure Tours for details.  Delphi to Kirra Walk, Central Greece 14 kilometers (9 miles), 3 to 4 hours This 14-kilometer downhill hike follows a centuries-old pathway from historic Delphi to the ancient port of Kirra, just east of modern Itea on the southern coast of mainland Greece. The hike starts from the E4 long-distance starting point 100 meters east of the Hotel Acropole. Skirting the village of Crissa, it goes to the gulf (海湾) through Greece’s largest olive garden. After your three-to-four-hour hike, and lunch or a swim, you can return to Delphi by bus (around 2 euros).  Hike to the Tomb of Kleobolus, Rhodes 5 kilometers(3 miles), 2 hours An easy, enjoyable 5-kilometer(two-hour)round-trip hike escapes Lindos to reach the so-called Tomb of Kleobolus. Starting alongside Car Park 1 above the main beach, the route ends at a rocky hill topped by a circular tomb actually built during the 2nd century BC, long after Kleobolus ruled Rhodes. 26 What is the raw beauty of Samaria? A. High and narrow gorges. B. Magical sunset. C. Wildflowers throughout the year. D. Mysterious large rocks. 27. What will visitors see during the Mt Ohi summit hike, Evia? A. Ancient buildings. B. Evia’s highest peak. C. A circular tomb. D. Greece’s largest olive garden. 28. What can we learn about the Delphi to Kirra Walk? A. It lets visitors experience the modern world of Greece. B. Visitors are recommended to get back to Delphi by ship. C. The route connects two places with a long history. D. It is a challenging route through a rocky hill. 【答案】26. A 27. A 28. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了希腊四个适合徒步旅行的旅游景点和路线。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据Samaria Gorge(峡谷), Crete部分中“Nevertheless, there’s an undeniable raw beauty to Samaria, where vertical (垂直的) walls soar up to 500 meters and are just 3.5 meters apart at the narrowest point(150 meters at the broadest). (然而，撒玛利亚有一种不可否认的原始之美，那里的垂直墙壁高达500米，最窄的地方只有3.5米(最宽的地方有150米)。)”可知，撒玛利亚有一种不可否认的原始之美即又高又窄的峡谷。故选A。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据Mt Ohi summit hike, Evia部分中“The summit of Mt Ohi (Profitis Ilias; 1,398 m), lesser-visited Evia’s third-highest peak, is crowned by mysterious ancient dragon houses: 7th century BC architecture, made from rocks weighing several tons. (Ohi山的顶峰(Profittis Ilias—1398米高，是埃维亚的第三高峰，游客较少，被神秘的古代龙屋所覆盖：公元前7世纪的建筑，由重达数吨的岩石制成。)”可知，此处有被神秘的古代龙屋所覆盖：公元前7世纪的建筑，由重达数吨的岩石制成。故对古代建筑感兴趣的游客们可以选在此处徒步旅行。故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Delphi to Kirra Walk, Central Greece部分中“This 14-kilometer downhill hike follows a centuries-old pathway from historic Delphi to the ancient port of Kirra, just east of modern Itea on the southern coast of mainland Greece. (这条14公里的下坡徒步旅行沿着一条数百年历史的小路，从历史悠久的德尔菲到古老的港口基拉，就在希腊大陆南部海岸的现代伊特亚以东。)”可知，这条路线连接了两个历史悠久的地方即历史悠久的德尔菲到古老的港口基拉。故选C。 B In March, 2021, the much-loved children’s author Beverly Cleary passed away at age 104. Cleary’s writing changed the world of children’s books by showing that stories about the lives of ordinary kids could be interesting, funny, and popular. Cleary was born in 1916. As a child, she had trouble learning to read. Even after she learned to love reading, she felt like the people she was reading about didn’t have much to do with her and her life, which were unattractive to her. She wanted to read funny books about children like herself. When she grew up, Cleary realized there weren’t many books about ordinary kids. So she set out to write them at age 30 and tried to get kids hooked on reading since she found they didn’t show much interest in books. Cleary’s first book, Henry Huggins, came out in 1950.It tells the story of a boy and the dog that he takes in. Soon Cleary wrote more books about Henry Huggins and the other children in his neighborhood. Ramona Quimby, also known as Ramona the Pest, became Cleary’s best known book. The Mouse and the Motorcycle tells the exciting story of a motorcycle-riding mouse and his friendship with a young boy. But that sort of fantasy was unusual for Cleary, who usually focused on real life. In several books, the parents have money trouble or are unhappy with their jobs. Dear Mr. Henshaw tells the story of a boy dealing with his parents’ breaking-off. Cleary had kept writing for 53 years, creating over 40 books in all. She won almost every award there was for children’s books, including the Newbery Medal and the National Book Award. Though Cleary is no longer with us, her characters and stories will beloved and shared for years to come. 29. How did Cleary find the books she read as a kid? A. Difficult. B. Expensive. C. Frightening. D. Boring. 30. What does the underlined part “hooked on” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. To dream of. B. To learn from. C. To deeply enjoy. D. To easily provide. 31. Which of the following is a fantasy? A. Dear Mr. Henshaw. B. The Mouse and the Motorcycle. C. Henry Huggins. D. Ramona the Pest. 32. How old was Cleary when she stopped writing? A. About 53. B. About 63. C. About 73. D. About 83. 【答案】29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了儿童作家贝弗莉·克利里的生平和创作的主要书籍，她通过写普通孩童的故事改变了儿童故事书的世界。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Even after she learned to love reading, she felt like the people she was reading about didn’t have much to do with her and her life, which were unattractive to her.(即使在她学会了热爱阅读之后，她也觉得她所阅读的人与她和她的生活没有太大关系，这对她来说没有吸引力。)”可知，在孩童时期，她觉得自己读的那些书没有吸引力，很无聊。故选D。 【30题详解】 短语猜测题。根据画线词所在句中的“So she set out to write them at age 30(因此，她在 30 岁时开始写这些作品)”和“since she found they didn’t show much interest in books(因为她发现他们对书籍没有太大兴趣)”可知，她发现孩子们对书籍不太感兴趣，所以她开始写关于普通孩子的书，试图让这些孩子们对阅读感兴趣，由此可推测出，hooked on意为“对……着迷”，与C项“深深地喜欢”意思最接近。故选C。 【31题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Mouse and the Motorcycle tells the exciting story of a motorcycle-riding mouse and his friendship with a young boy. But that sort of fantasy was unusual for Cleary, who usually focused on real life.(《老鼠和摩托车》讲述了一个骑摩托车的老鼠和他与一个小男孩的友谊的激动人心的故事。但这种幻想作品对克利里来说是不寻常的，她通常专注于现实生活。)”可知，《老鼠和摩托车》是一部幻想作品。故选B。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“she set out to write them at age 30(她在 30 岁时开始写这些作品)”和最后一段中的“Cleary had kept writing for 53 years(克利里坚持写作了53年)”可知，克利里在30岁时开始写作，坚持写作53年，由此可知，她在大约83岁的时候停止写作。故选D。 C The conditions for some of extreme fires in recent years have become between 3 and 20 times globally. Record-breaking fires burned in Canada and turned skies far away in New York orange and grey. The largest recorded fires in the European Union killed 19 people in Greece, and fires in western Amazonia brought dirt y air to local towns. And we just went through a super destructive wildfire season in Athens, Greece, in August 2024. A major report shows that the amount of carbon emissions (碳排放) from wildfires between 2023 and 2024 was 8.2 billion tons of CO2. Forest wildfires would release more carbon emissions, pose a higher risk to people, and take longer to recover. There is no single definition of what fire can be an extreme fire. It could be measured by burned area, intensity, or how unusual they are. “At 200 square kilometres, this year’s fires in Greece are much smaller than the 900 square kilometres burned last fire season, but it would count as an extreme fire, because of its closeness to and potential damage to people,” said author Dr Joe McNorton. When this big wildfire tears through Athens, scientists in Europe are racing to understand why extreme fires like this are becoming more common. They find climate change is the key factor. Warmer temperatures dry out forests, which make a fire more likely to spread. It can also cause more plants to grow, which provides more fuel (燃料) for the fire. Humans also influence fires, like starting them themselves, breaking up the landscape, or how well they fight them. Dr Joe says the report will both guide preparations for wildfires, and help the world understand the simple fact that fires will keep getting worse until fossil fuels are replaced with renewable energy sources. To tackle the problem, leaders should consider protecting forest boundaries, reducing the amount of natural fuel fire, imposing fire bans on high-risk days, and investing more in early warning prediction systems. 33. How is paragraph 1 developed? A. By giving examples. B. By making comparisons. C. By discussing solutions. D. By explaining causes. 34. Why was the fire in Greece considered as an extreme fire? A. It burned a very large area. B. It brought harmful effects. C. It had much carbon emissions. D. It lasted a long period of time. 35. What mainly causes extreme fires? A. Size of forests. B. Human behavior. C. Location of fires. D. Climate warming. 36. What does the underlined word “tackle” in the last paragraph mean? A. Apply for. B. Bring about. C. Deal with. D. Focus on. 【答案】33. A 34. B 35. D 36. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球极端火灾频发的原因，并呼吁大家积极采取应对措施。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。由第一段“The conditions for some of extreme fires in recent years have become between 3 and 20 times globally. Record-breaking fires burned in Canada and turned skies far away in New York orange and grey. The largest recorded fires in the European Union killed 19 people in Greece, and fires in western Amazonia brought dirt y air to local towns. And we just went through a super destructive wildfire season in Athens, Greece, in August 2024.(近年来，全球一些极端火灾的条件已经增加了3到20倍。加拿大发生了破纪录的大火，纽约的天空变成了橙色和灰色。欧盟有记录以来最大的火灾在希腊造成19人死亡，亚马逊西部的火灾给当地城镇带来了肮脏的空气。2024年8月，我们刚刚在希腊雅典经历了一场极具破坏性的野火季节)”可知，第一段主要列举了发生极端火灾的国家或地区，所以是以举例方式展开的。故选A项。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“‘At 200 square kilometres, this year’s fires in Greece are much smaller than the 900 square kilometres burned last fire season, but it would count as an extreme fire, because of its closeness to and potential damage to people,’ said author Dr Joe McNorton.(Dr Joe McNorton说：‘今年希腊的火灾面积为200平方公里，比上一个火灾季节燃烧的900平方公里小得多，但由于它靠近人们并可能对人们造成伤害，因此将被视为极端火灾。’)”可知，希腊今年的火灾面积远小于上一火灾季的面积，但由于该火灾靠近人类居住区，并且可能对人们造成伤害，带来了有害的影响，因此也算是极端火灾。故选B项。 【35题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“They find climate change is the key factor. Warmer temperatures dry out forests, which make a fire more likely to spread. It can also cause more plants to grow, which provides more fuel (燃料) for the fire. Humans also influence fires, like starting them themselves, breaking up the landscape, or how well they fight them.(他们发现气候变化是关键因素。气温升高会使森林干涸，从而使火灾更有可能蔓延。它还可以导致更多的植物生长，从而为火灾提供更多的燃料。人类也会影响火灾，比如自己生火、破坏景观，或者他们扑灭火灾的程度)”可知，科学家发现气候变暖是造成极端火灾数量增加的关键因素。故选D项。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据最后一段最后一句“To tackle the problem, leaders should consider protecting forest boundaries, reducing the amount of natural fuel fire, imposing fire bans on high-risk days, and investing more in early warning prediction systems.(为了tackle这个问题，领导人应该考虑保护森林边界，减少天然燃料火灾的数量，在高风险的日子里实施防火令，并加大对预警预测系统的投资)”可知，采取上述这些措施都是为了处理极端火灾频发的问题，因此，tackle 意为“处理”的意思。故选C项。 D Spanish scientist Pilar Bosch has found a way to use bacteria (细菌) to repair 18th-century paintings. Bosch, a microbiologist, said that she got the idea for the method while considering possibilities for a paper toward her doctoral degree. During this process, she discovered someone else’s paper that suggested bacteria can be used to repair artworks. At around the same time, Bosch learned that her mother, Pilar Roig, was struggling to find a good method for repairing 18th-century paintings. The paintings, by Spanish artist Antonio Palomino, sat in Santos Juanes—one of the oldest churches in the city of Valencia. Pilar Roig noted how difficult the repair process at the church was. One reason was the glue (胶水) used to remove the paintings from the walls in the 1960s. The glue was nearly impossible to remove completely. “My mother had a very difficult problem to solve and I found a paper about bacteria used to clean paintings on walls in Italy,” Bosch said. Bosch added she decided to write her doctoral paper on the same subject. Today, she gets to work with her mother on the church repair. They are using the bacteria method to remove glue from artworks. The $4.46 million project is being financed by local organizations. To repair, they feed small amounts of the glue that was made from animal collagen (胶原蛋白) to the bacteria. After a time, the bacteria begin to naturally produce enzymes (酶) to break down the glue. The mother-daughter team then mixes the bacteria with a natural algae-based substance, called a gel (凝胶), and places it onto the paintings. After about three hours, the gel mixture is removed, leaving the paintings glue-free. Bosch’s mother, now 75, noted that in the past, people working on repairing artworks had to use traditional cleaning methods that took hours and damaged the painting. Bosch is now training other scientists to use a different kind of bacteria to clear walls of painted graffiti. 37. How did Bosch find the way to repair old paintings? A. Her mother inspired her. B. Her doctor instructed her. C. She tested it out by many experiments. D. She found it when preparing her paper. 38. What made it difficult to repair the old paintings? A. Not having enough money. B. The history of the churches. C. The glue that was once used. D. Experience of past failures. 39. What is paragraph 4 centered on? A. The process of cleaning the paintings. B. The necessity of repaıring the paintings. C. The challenges facing the mother-daughter team. D. The materials that are used to clean the paintings. 40. Which can be the best title for the text? A. Bacteria Removal Process Is Widely Used in Spain. B. Spanish Scientist Uses Bacteria to Repair Artworks. C. Old Artworks Are Likely to Be Repaired with Bacteria. D. Spanish Mother-Daughter Team Discovered A Painting. 【答案】37. D 38. C 39. A 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了西班牙科学家Pilar Bosch如何通过细菌来修复18世纪画作。 37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Bosch, a microbiologist, said that she got the idea for the method while considering possibilities for a paper toward her doctoral degree.(Bosch是一名微生物学家，她说，她在考虑写一篇博士论文的可能性时，想到了这种方法)”可知，Bosch在为她的博士论文准备资料时发现了关于用细菌修复艺术品的研究。故选D项。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“One reason was the glue (胶水) used to remove the paintings from the walls in the 1960s. The glue was nearly impossible to remove completely.(其中一个原因是20世纪60年代用来从墙上移除画作的胶水。胶水几乎不可能完全去除)”可知，，修复工作困难的原因之一是20世纪60年代使用的胶水很难完全去除。故选C项。 【39题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“To repair, they feed small amounts of the glue that was made from animal collagen (胶原蛋白) to the bacteria. After a time, the bacteria begin to naturally produce enzymes (酶) to break down the glue. The mother-daughter team then mixes the bacteria with a natural algae-based substance, called a gel (凝胶), and places it onto the paintings. After about three hours, the gel mixture is removed, leaving the paintings glue-free.(为了修复，他们将少量由动物胶原蛋白制成的胶水喂给细菌。一段时间后，细菌开始自然地产生酶来分解胶水。然后，这对母女团队将细菌与一种称为凝胶的天然藻类物质混合，并将其放置在画作上。大约三小时后，除去凝胶混合物，使画作无胶)”可知，第四段详细描述了使用细菌清洗绘画的过程。故选A项。 【40题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Spanish scientist Pilar Bosch has found a way to use bacteria (细菌) to repair 18th-century paintings.(西班牙科学Pilar Bosch发现了一种利用细菌修复18世纪画作的方法)”可知，文章主要介绍了西班牙科学家Pilar Bosch如何通过细菌来修复18世纪画作，所以题目“西班牙科学家用细菌修复艺术品”与本文的主题吻合，适合作为最佳标题。故选B项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Running mistakes can happen to everyone at some point during training and racing, and they will lead to injuries. ___41___ . Wearing the wrong shoes Wearing a comfortable pair of running shoes is a good, starting point. The wrong type of running shoes can ruin your workout plan. If you have a history of running injuries, there is no easy answer without a trained professional watching the way you run and making a recommendation to you. ___42___ . Doing too much, too soon ___43___ . They get so excited about their running that they do too much mileage (英里里程) and too fast, too soon, without taking any time off to rest and recover. As a result, they develop common overuse running injuries. Run less often, for shorter times, and at a slower pace than you think you should, especially early on in your development. Taking overly long strides (大步) Some runners think that a longer stride will improve their speed or running efficiency, but that’s not the case. Overstriding wastes energy since it means you’ re breaking with each footfall. Make sure that you don’t lunge forward with your feet and your feet are directly underneath your body with every step. ___44___ . A short, low arm swing is the key to keeping your stride short and close to the ground. ___45___ Some runners swing their arms side-to-side, which makes them more likely to not breathe as efficiently. Some beginners are easy to hold their hands way up by their chest, especially as they get tired. You’ll actually feel more tired in your shoulders and neck by holding your arms that way. Try to keep your hands at waist level, right about where they might lightly brush your hip. A. Landing like a rock B. Having bad upper body form C. This is especially important when running downhill D. You can choose the right shoes in advance to start that race E. Therefore, it’s important to know what they are and how you can fix them F. If possible, the best choice is to create unique shoes just suitable for your feet G. Many new runners mistakenly think that more is better when it comes to running 【答案】41. E 42. F 43. G 44. A 45. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了跑步中常犯错误及如何避免。 【41题详解】 根据上文“Running mistakes can happen to everyone at some point during training and racing, and they will lead to injuries. (每个人在训练和比赛过程中都会出现跑步错误，并且会导致受伤。)”可知，本句与上文构成因果关系，指出了解跑步错误的重要性。故E选项“因此，了解它们是什么以及如何解决它们是很重要的”符合语境，故选E。 【42题详解】 根据上文“Wearing a comfortable pair of running shoes is a good, starting point. The wrong type of running shoes can ruin your workout plan. If you have a history of running injuries, there is no easy answer without a trained professional watching the way you run and making a recommendation to you. (穿一双舒适的跑鞋是一个好的开始。不合适的跑鞋会毁了你的锻炼计划。如果你有跑步受伤的历史，没有训练有素的专业人士观察你跑步的方式并向你提出建议，没有简单的答案。)”可知，上文提到需要专业人士推荐合适的跑鞋，说明要选择适合自己脚的鞋子。故F选项“如果可能的话，最好的选择是制作适合你脚的独特鞋子”符合语境，故选F。 【43题详解】 根据标题“Doing too much, too soon (做得太多，太快)”以及后文“They get so excited about their running that they do too much mileage (英里里程) and too fast, too soon, without taking any time off to rest and recover. As a result, they develop common overuse running injuries. Run less often, for shorter times, and at a slower pace than you think you should, especially early on in your development. (他们对跑步太过兴奋，以至于跑了太多的里程，跑得太快，太快，没有任何休息和恢复的时间。结果，他们产生了常见的过度使用跑步损伤。跑步的次数要少，时间要短，速度要比你认为的要慢，尤其是在开发的早期。)”可知，本段说明了许多新跑者会犯的一个错误，即一开始就跑得太多太快，故G选项“很多跑步新手错误地认为跑步越多越好”符合语境，故选G。 【44题详解】 根据上文“Make sure that you don’t lunge forward with your feet and your feet are directly underneath your body with every step. (确保你的脚不要向前冲，每一步你的脚都在你身体的正下方。)”以及后文“A short, low arm swing is the key to keeping your stride short and close to the ground. (一个短而低的手臂摆动是保持你的步幅短和接近地面的关键。)”可知，上文强调跑步时的着地方式，本句需要呼应前文，同时引出下文对正确跑步姿势的进一步说明，故A选项“像石头一样落地”符合语境，故选A。 【45题详解】 根据本段内容“Some runners swing their arms side-to-side, which makes them more likely to not breathe as efficiently. Some beginners are easy to hold their hands way up by their chest, especially as they get tired. You’ll actually feel more tired in your shoulders and neck by holding your arms that way. Try to keep your hands at waist level, right about where they might lightly brush your hip. (一些跑步者左右摆动手臂，这使他们更有可能不能有效地呼吸。一些初学者很容易把手举到胸部，尤其是当他们累了的时候。这样抱胳膊，你的肩膀和脖子会感觉更累。试着把你的手放在腰的水平，就在它们可能轻轻擦过你臀部的地方。)”可知，这一段主要讲述的是跑步时上半身姿势不正确的问题，包括手臂的摆动和手的位置等，故B选项“上半身姿势不正确”符合语境，故选B。 第三部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节：完型填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 When I was 17, my rowing coach declared that taking a day off a week was unnecessary. Such strict stressful routine made me ___46___ exercise, and when I eventually quit rowing, I also ___47___ exercising altogether. However, after moving to a new area — being an author and working at home, I ___48___ to be part of a team again but was ___49___ to return to rowing. One day, a neighbor ___50___ me to fill in for his basketball team because of his leg injury. Playing basketball brought back the ___51___ of being part of a team. Unlike rowing, playing basketball was purely for fun for me, without the high ___52___ for expensive equipment. My teammates and I don’t know much about each other’s personal lives, but we share a (n) ___53___ through our passion for the game and our desire to win, a connection that makes us struggle for excellence together. These weekly games have ___54___ improved my life. Being an author can be isolated (孤独的), and social media often also ____55____ my pressure. I clearly remember when I received an email to ____56____ the book I had spent a year working on, I cried sadly. At that evening, I went to play basketball. I started the game in a ____57____ mood, but as it progressed, my emotional state ____58____. By the end, I felt great. Playing basketball offers a much-needed break from these ____59____. It allows me to focus merely on the game, temporarily (暂时地) ____60____ something else. Though a small change — less than an hour a week — it has greatly improved my overall well-being. 46. A. hate B. obey C. lack D. watch 47. A. obtained B. stopped C. accessed D. recommended 48. A. longed B. pretended C. hesitated D. refused 49. A. unwilling B. proud C. pleased D. curious 50. A. reminded B. forced C. taught D. requested 51. A. defeat B. challenge C. complaint D. joy 52. A. risks B. points C. costs D. degrees 53. A. ceremony B. tie C. adventure D. excitement 54. A. significantly B. casually C. hardly D. only 55. A. refers to B. appeals to C. adds to D. adapts to 56. A. publish B. rewrite C. illustrate D. buy 57. A. cheerful B. relaxed C. positive D. terrible 58. A. improved B. worsened C. floated D. fixed 59. A. warnings B. amusements C. commitments D. stresses 60. A. predicting B. listing C. forgetting D. losing 【答案】46. A 47. B 48. A 49. A 50. D 51. D 52. C 53. B 54. A 55. C 56. B 57. D 58. A 59. D 60. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己年轻时放弃体育锻炼而成为一名作家，之后又再次成为篮球团队中的一员，并感受到运动带来的快乐和放松。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如此严格、有压力的日常生活让我讨厌锻炼，当我最终放弃划船时，我也完全停止了锻炼。A. hate讨厌；B. obey服从；C. lack缺乏；D. watch观察。根据前文“Such strict stressful routine”和后文“I eventually quit rowing”可知，作者因压力过大而讨厌体育锻炼。故选A项。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. obtained获得；B. stopped停止；C. accessed访问；D. recommended推荐。根据前文“when I eventually quit rowing, I also”可知，作者放弃划船运动时，也就停止了锻炼。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在转移一个新的领域——成为一名作家和在家工作之后，我渴望再次成为团队的一员，但不愿意回到划船运动。A. longed渴望；B. pretended假装；C. hesitated犹豫；D. refused拒绝。根据后文“to be part of a team again but was ___4___ to return to rowing”以及“Playing basketball brought back the ___6___ of being part of a team.”可知，作者渴望再次成为运动团队的一员。故选A项。 【49题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. unwilling不情愿的；B. proud骄傲的；C. pleased高兴的；D. curious好奇的。根据前文“to be part of a team again but”及后文“to return to rowing”可知，作者虽然渴望再次成为运动团队的一员，但是不愿意再回去划船了。故选A项。 50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，一个邻居因为腿伤让我去他的篮球队顶替他。A. reminded提醒；B. forced强迫；C. taught教导；D. requested请求。根据后文“me to fill in for his basketball team because of his leg injury”可知，邻居因伤不能参赛，请求作者去顶替。故选D项。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：打篮球让我找回了作为团队一员的快乐。A. defeat失败；B. challenge挑战；C. complaint抱怨；D. joy快乐。根据后文“Unlike rowing, playing basketball was purely for fun for me”可知，打篮球让作者找回了作为团队一员的快乐。故选D项。 【52题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不像划船，打篮球对我来说纯粹是为了好玩，不需要昂贵的装备。A. risks风险；B. points要点；C. costs成本；D. degrees程度。根据常识和前文“Unlike rowing, playing basketball was purely for fun for me”可知，打篮球不需要昂贵的装备。故选C项。 【53题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和我的队友都不太了解彼此的个人生活，但我们对比赛的热情和对胜利的渴望让我们联系在一起，这种联系让我们一起为卓越而奋斗。A. ceremony仪式；B. tie联系；C. adventure冒险；D. excitement兴奋。根据前文“My teammates and I don’t know much about each other’s personal lives”和后文“through our passion for the game and our desire to win, a connection that makes us struggle for excellence together”可知，比赛让他们联系在一起。故选B项。 【54题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些每周的比赛极大地改善了我的生活。A. significantly显著地，有重大意义地；B. casually随意地；C. hardly几乎不；D. only仅仅。根据后文“improved my life”可知，每周的比赛明显改善了作者的生活。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：作为一名作家可能是孤独的，并且社交媒体也经常增加我的压力。A. refers to提到；B. appeals to呼吁；C. adds to增加；D. adapts to适应。根据后文“I clearly remember when I received an email to ___11___ the book I had spent a year working on, I cried sadly.”可知，社交媒体也增加作者的压力。故选C项。 【56题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我清楚地记得，当我收到一封电子邮件，让我重写我花了一年时间写的书时，我悲伤地哭了。A. publish出版；B. rewrite重写；C. illustrate说明；D. buy购买。根据后文“I cried sadly”可知，作者写作失败了，被要求重写。故选B项。 【57题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那天晚上，我去打篮球。比赛开始时我的情绪很糟糕，但随着比赛的进行，我的情绪状态有所改善。A. cheerful高兴的；B. relaxed放松的；C. positive积极的；D. terrible可怕的，糟糕的。根据后文“but as it progressed, my emotional state ___13___. By the end, I felt great.”可知，比赛开始时作者的情绪很糟糕。故选D项。 【58题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. improved改善；B. worsened恶化；C. floated漂浮；D. fixed固定。根据后文“By the end, I felt great.”可知，作者情绪随着比赛的进行而有所改善。故选A项。 【59题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：打篮球可以让你从这些压力中得到急需的休息。A. warnings警告；B. amusements娱乐；C. commitments承诺；D. stresses压力。根据前文“social media often also ___10___ my pressure”以及“Playing basketball offers a much-needed break”可知，打篮球可以让人们从这些压力中得到休息。故选D项。 【60题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这让我能够专注于比赛，暂时忘记其他事情。A. predicting预测；B. listing列举；C. forgetting忘记；D. losing丢失。根据前文“It allows me to focus merely on the game”可知，专注于比赛就会暂时忘记其他事情。故选C项。 第二节：语篇填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分；满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble ____61____ (learn) English? I hadn’t, until one day my five-year-old son asked me ____62____ there was ham in a hamburger. There isn’t. This make me realize that there’s no egg in eggplant either. Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple. This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn. For example, in our free time we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a ____63____ (paint), but we take a photo. And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi, but on the train or bus! While we’re doing all this traveling, we can get seasick at sea, airsick in the air and carsick in a car, but we don’t get homesick when we get back home. And ____64____ (speak) of home, why aren’t homework and housework the same thing? If “hard” is the opposite of “soft”, why are “hardly” and “softly” not an ____65____ (oppose) pair? If harmless actions are the opposite of ____66____ (harm) actions, why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same? Even the smallest words can be ____67____ (confuse). When you see the capitalized “WHO” in a medical report, do you read it as the “who” in “Who’s that?” What about “IT” and “US”? English ____68____ (invent) by people, not computers, and it reflects the ____69____ (create) of the human race. That is why when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are _____70_____ (visible). And that is why when I wind up my watch, it starts, but when wind up this passage, it ends. 【答案】61. learning 62. if##whether 63. painting 64. speaking 65. opposing 66. harmful 67. confusing 68. was invented 69. creativity 70. invisible 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章作者表达了对英语这门语言的神奇的思考与感叹。 【61题详解】 考查动名词。句意：你有没有问过自己，为什么人们在学习英语方面经常遇到困难？此处为短语have trouble (in) doing，意为“在做某事上有困难”，所以此处使用动名词形式作宾语。故填learning。 【62题详解】 考查宾语从句。句意：直到有一天，我五岁的儿子问我汉堡里有没有火腿。设空处连接宾语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合句意，此处表“是否”。故填if/ whether。 【63题详解】 考查名词。句意：例如，在我们的空闲时间，我们可以雕刻雕塑(用sculpt)和绘画(用paint)，但我们拍照(用take)。设空处为宾语并且前面有a修饰，应用名词单数，表示“画作”，paint的名词为painting。故填painting。 64题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：说到家，为什么作业(homework)和家务(housework)不是一回事呢？短语speaking of，意为“谈及，说到”，作为一个插入语，一般用于引出下文的话题。故填speaking。 【65题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果“hard”是“soft”的反义词，为什么“hardly”和“softly”不是相反的一对呢？设空处修饰名词作定语，oppose的形容词opposing表示“相反的”符合句意。故填opposing。 【66题详解】 考查形容词。句意：如果无害的(harmless)行为是有害的(harmful)行为的对立面，为什么无耻的(shameless)行为和可耻的行为(shameful)是一样的呢？设空处修饰名词作定语，harm的形容词为harmful意为“有害的”。故填harmful。 【67题详解】 考查形容词。句意：即使是最小的单词也会令人困惑。设空处接在be动词作表语，应用形容词，confuse的形容词confusing表示“令人困惑的”符合句意。故填confusing。 【68题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：英语是人发明的，而不是电脑，它反映了人类的创造力。设空处为谓语，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，用被动语态，主语English，谓语为动词三单形式。故填was invented。 【69题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。设空处为宾语，应用名词，create的名词creativity表示“创造力”符合句意。故填creativity。 【70题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这就是为什么当星星出来的时候，它们（星星）是可以被看见的，而当灯光熄灭的时候，它们（灯光）是不被看见的。设空处接在be动词作表语，应用形容词，结合句意，visible的反义词invisible表示“看不见的”符合句意。故填invisible。 第四部分：写作(满分15分) 71. 假定你是李华, 你将要参加“全国英语创新大赛(National English Innovation Contest)”夏令营。请给该夏令营外籍负责人写一封信, 内容包括： 1.自我介绍; 2.咨询比赛的相关情况(时间、地点、流程等)。 注意： 1.写作词数应为80左右; 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, My name is Li Hua, a Senior Three student. I have been offered the opportunity to participate in the summer camp of “National English Innovation Contest”. So I’m writing to inquire about the details of it. Firstly, I’d like to know the exact time and place of the contest. I’d be obliged if you could also let me know the procedure that I’ll have to go through. Additionally, could you also tell me what I need to prepare? Your early reply would be highly appreciated. Thank you in advance! Yours faithfully, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给夏令营的外籍负责人写一封信，自我介绍并咨询比赛的相关情况。 【详解】1.词汇积累 机会：opportunity→chance 询问： inquire → consult 参加：participate in → take part in 此外：Additionally → in addition/what’s more 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Your early reply would be highly appreciated. 拓展句：I’d appreciate it if you could reply early. 【点睛】[高分句型1]I’d be obliged if you could also let me know the procedure that I’ll have to go through. （运用了if引导的状语从句和that引导的定语从句） [高分句型2]Additionally, could you also tell me what I need to prepare?（运用了what引导的宾语从句] 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$