Unit5 First Aid (vocabulary)（词汇课件）-2024-2025学年英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册同步课

Unit 5 First Aid Words and expressions Many leaflets and manuals offer practical techniques on first aid, which state that calling emergency numbers without delay is the first step.But before paramedics in the ambulance come, you can save yourself or look after others’ welfare by using first aid.If you get burned by radiation, acids or other chemicals, don’t panic or scream.Instead，place burns under cool running water right away. If necessary, remove any clothes unless you see the fabric sticking to the burned skin. With your skin swollen and full of blisters or with your nerves damaged, there is an urgent need to rush to the hospital. Swallowing foods too quickly can cause you to get choked on steak, toast or anything else with ease. Then, people around you can slap on your back, forcing the obstruction out. As for a bleeding nose, neither should you keep your face up, nor should you press the nose tightly. You can use the mouth-to-mouth rescue breathing method to save a drowning man. You can apply cold water to the sprained ankle. All in all, learning some knowledge about first aid makes a great difference. GUESS THE WORD victim blister mosquito an elderly couple ambulance operator blanket carpet operate operation the operating table/room booklet piglet droplet starlet brochure organ organism organic inorganic organize leaflet toxin virus germ bacterium(bacteria) sour-sweet-bitter-spicy-salty His acid remarks hurt her feelings. millimeter centimeter/centimetre meter/metre kilometer/kilometre urgent urgently-urge There is a sense of urgency to complete the project before the deadline. A fire broke out in the building, and it was declared an emergency. paramedic 1.Doctor 2. Physician 3. Surgeon 4. Nurse 5. Medical Assistant 6. Dentist fabric loose The rope holding the boat loosened. A bottle of wine had loosened Harry's tongue. Teenagers need a place to let loose. underneath   词义 内涵 underneath 在……下面，在……底下 与 under 的意思相近，但含有将某物隐藏或遮盖起来之意 under 在……下面，在……底下 指某物在另一物的下面或底下，两者之间有无一定距离均可 below 在……下面， 低于 指某物所处的位置低于另一物 beneath [正式]在……下面，在……正下方 指所处位置时，与 under, below 基本同义，但有时强调在某物的正下方，而且较富有文学性 ①thread a needle ②needle-cold wind=needle-like chill She trembled all over, feeling like sitting on pins and needles. 她浑身颤抖,如坐针毡。 The needle-cold wind pierced/pɪəst/ his face. 寒风如针刺着他的脸。 minor minority/majority the minority/majority of major(adj;n;v) 1.为了使该计划更好地被执行，我们对其做了一些小的改动。 To make it carried out better, we have made some minor changes to the program. 2.鹅卵石街道上结了一层薄薄的冰。 There was a thin layer of ice on the cobblestone streets. layer 我们应该让孩子远离触电的危险，尤其是当他们还不能够很好地照顾自己的时候。 We should prevent our children from electric shock especially when they are not capable of taking good care of themselves. electric, electrical, electronic electrician, electricity electric, electrical和electronic的区别： (1)electric：一是指可发电的东西，二是指靠电力工作或生产的东西 electric station , electric kettle , electric shock (2)electrical： “与电相关的(物品或人员)” electrical engineer, an electrical fault ,electrical equipment,electrical wiring (3)electronic：“电子的，电子器件的” electronic music, electronic mail technology technique 基本的急救技能 basic first-aid techniques 科学技术 Science and Technology 翻译：此外，你在科学上的主动性和创造性给我留下了深刻的印象，这在技术发明和研究中发挥了重要作用。 Besides,I have always been impressed by your initiative and creation in science, which play a significant role in technical invention and research. TRANSLATE THE SENTENCE a ray of hope/light 一线希望/一丝光明 a faint smile 一丝微笑 a hint of coolness 一丝凉意 a glimmer of hope 一丝希望 a ray of sunshine 1.她脸上的灿烂笑容像一缕阳光，一扫我的愁容。 Like a ray of sunshine, the big smile on her face swept away my gloom. 2.听到这句话，琳达感到一缕灿烂的阳光照亮了她的生活。 Hearing these words, Linda felt a ray of bright sunshine lighting up her life. 3.一个勇敢的人只要有一线希望就不会被打败。 A brave man as long as there is a ray of hope will not be defeated. sense： ①官能/感官 sense of sight/smell/hearing/touch/taste 视/嗅/听/触/味觉 ②感觉 a sense of responsibility/humour/security/belonging/ balance/ satisfaction/ loss 责任/幽默/安全感/成就感/归属感/平衡感/满足感/失落感 用sense的相关短语填空和造句 1)It is shameful to run away. But _________, where there is a life, there is a hope. 2)You can ask the teacher to speak slowly so that you can___________ what he says. 3)It _______________ and don’t waste our time, OK? 4)和他争论没有意义，他是不会听你的。 in a sense make sense of makes no sense There is no sense (in) arguing with him; he won't listen to you. common sense 常识 in a (broad) sense 从某种意义(广义)上说 make (no) sense (没)有意义、讲(不)得通 make sense of 理解，明白 There is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没有意义 Her arm was beginning to swell up where the bee had stung her. Last year's profits were swelled by a fall in production costs. Her heart swelled with pride as she watched her child perform on stage. As the music reached its climax, a swell of emotion overcame the audience. swell ③ swell →swelled →swollen a swell of 一股（情感、感情等）涌起 swell with 充满，涌动 1.当我在校门口看到父母的那一刻，我的心里充满了幸福和兴奋。 The moment I saw my parents at the school gate, my heart swelled with happiness and excitement. 2.由于脚踝肿胀，该男子不得不缓慢前行。 With his ankles swollen, the man had to drag his feet. Every nerve in her body was tense. Everyone's nerves were on edge. He kept his nerve to win the final set 6–4. The constant noise from the construction site really gets on my nerves. To nerve herself for the surgery, she focused on positive thoughts and images. nerve ③ 1.她不断的抱怨开始让每个人都很恼火。 Her constant complaining is starting to get on everyone's nerves. 2.在走上舞台之前，她闭上眼睛，鼓起勇气迎接即将到来的表演。 Before stepping onto the stage, she closed her eyes and nerved herself for the performance ahead. ease:②-unease 1.To ease the tension in the room, the mediator suggested taking a short break before continuing the discussion. 2.Once we started talking about common interests, we both began to feel at ease with each other. 3.The therapist's warm smile and gentle voice quickly put me at ease during our first session. 4.She completed the difficult task with ease, showing her expertise in the field. 1.为了缓和室内的紧张气氛，他讲了一个有趣的故事，让大家笑起来。 To ease the tension in the room, he told a funny story that had everyone laughing. 2.他温和的笑容和欢迎的手势让我一见面就立刻感到放松。 His gentle smile and welcoming gesture put me at ease immediately upon meeting him. 3.他学习刻苦。因此,他轻松地通过了考试。 ①His passing the exam with ease resulted from  his hard work . ②As a consequence of his hard work , he passed the exam without any difficulty. ④His hard work at his study resulted in his passing the exam effortlessly. One swallow doesn’t make a summer. After the surgery, it was difficult for him to swallow solid food for a few days. She had to swallow her pride and ask for help when she couldn't solve the problem on her own. Fear seized/swallowed him. The vast desert can swallow up an entire group without a trace. swallow③ swallow 吞咽 swallow v (基本义) “吞咽”食物等 吞下；咽下 抑制 “吞咽”感情等 某物“吞咽”某物 吞没； 淹没；吞并 场景描写 1.几秒钟后，他们俩消失在夜色中。 Within seconds, the pair were out of sight, swallowed up by the night. 情感描写 2.大雨倾盆,我们的心被压抑吞噬了。 With the heavy rain pouring violently, our heart was swallowed by the depression. 动作描写 3.我冲出教室跑向食堂狼吞虎咽地吃着饭。 I rushed out of the classroom, ran to the dining hall and swallowed the food. 4.爸爸松了一口气，咽下怒火，拍了拍他们的肩膀，在他们解释原因后安慰他们。 Breathing a sigh of relief, dad swallowed his anger, patted them on the shoulder and comforted them after they explained the reason. 1.人们通过吃用竹叶包裹的糯米粽来庆祝这个传统节日。 People observe this traditional holiday by eating zong zi which is made of rice wrapped in bamboo leaves nowadays. 2.她把膝盖擦干净，把药涂在伤口上，用绷带包扎起来。bandage She cleaned her knee, applied medicine to the wound, and wrapped it with bandages. 3.他搂着我，深吸了一口气，然后站起来，向比赛场地走去。 He wrapped his arms around me and took a deep breath, then stood up and headed for the competition venue. Bathroom Shower Towel Soap Shampoo Body Wash Bathrobe Slippers Toilet Sink Mirror Bathed in the enjoyment, he waved at me and expressed his congratulations. 1.当我沐浴在阳光下时，感觉琥珀般的阳光亲吻着我的每一寸皮肤。 When I was bathed in the sunlight, it felt like the amber-like sunshine was kissing every inch of my skin. 2.沐浴在阳光下享受着美丽的风景,我们向目的地出发了。 Bathed in the sunshine and delighted by fantastic scenery, we headed for the destination. 1. It was such a good chance. How could she let it slip away? 2. I’m sorry I said that. It just slipped out. 3.As I ran up the stairs, my foot slipped and I fell. 4. They'd slipped some money to the guards. 5.I wrote it down on a slip of paper. 同形异义词 同形异义词指拼写相同，但意义毫无联系的词。常见的同形异义词有case, light, tear, lead, post 等。 学习时要注意同形异义词与多义词的区别：同形异义词各源自不同的词，而多义词的词源是同一个词。多义词的释义之间有联系，而同形异义词的释义之间无联系。 slip 的动词释义“滑倒”和名词释义“纸条”分别来自不同的词源。动词释义“滑倒”来源于slippen（滑行、滑动），名词释义“纸条”来源于slippe（砍、劈），引申为词义 “纸条”。 34 1.他小心翼翼地环顾四周，溜进了房间，轻轻地关上门。 Looking around him cautiously, he slipped into the room and softly closed the door. 2.他悄悄把书放进了包。 He slipped the book into his bag. 3.我所见过的最美丽的日出正从我的手指滑过。 The most beautiful sunrise I’d ever seen was slipping through my fingers. 4.时间悄悄溜走。 Time is slipping away. old, elderly 1. She’s getting _________ — she will be 75 next year. 2. When their children lived far away from them, these _________ people felt cut off from the world.（2016 浙江） 3. The association is advising the pregnant women, the very young and the _________ to avoid such foods. old指年老的、年纪大的；elderly比old更正式，是old的委婉语，指年纪较大的、上了年纪的。 old old / elderly elderly There was ①_____delay of two hours before the plane took off. Therefore, we had to delay ②_____ (hold) the meeting until three o’clock in the afternoon. After that, the plan would be carried out ③_____delay. If not, we might be unable to finish the task in time. delay doing sth 推迟做某事 without delay 立即；毫不延迟地 翻译：他毫不犹豫地迅速爬上树去够那片叶子。 Without delay, he climbed up the tree quickly to reach for the leaf. GUESS THE WORD ward③ vital sign 受监护人 sprain ankle heel sprain/break your ankle Achilles’ heel fellow diner steak have a sore throat clear one’s throat feel a lump in one’s throat slap obstruction fist justify just quality pure beauty welfare manual sleep in out of shape He’s in good shape for a man of his age. The cloud was in the shape of a horse. foggy 浓雾笼罩着整个大地。 The thick fog blanketed the field. Just as the saying goes, blood is thicker than water. My ex-friend is bleeding me for every penny I have. suburb urban;rural;downtown; residential;CBD membership fellowship;hardship; relationship;scholarship The roof collapsed under the weight of snow. He collapsed in the street and died two hours later. When I get home I like to collapse on the sofa and listen to music. collapse③ A Dam of a Thousand Miles Can Collapse Due to an Ant Hole. practically② She’ s determined to put her new ideas into practice. The theatre was practically empty. Practically speaking, we can't afford it. grab③ 同义③grasp /seize/ hold/catch Grabbing your fist with your other hand tightly, push up and into his stomach in one motion. From this point, you’ll have free time to explore the city and grab some lunch. Why don’t you go and grab some sleep? The Beatles immediately grabbed the attention of young people. He reached out a hand, grabbed her arm and dragged her back. 他伸出一只手，抓住她的胳膊，把她拖了回来。 （猛然的）抓取  吸引；引人注意 （因忙碌而）赶紧 / 抓紧吃 / 喝 / 睡 （试图）抓住 “抓住”某人的注意力 “抓住”时机吃、喝、睡 “抓住”某人或某物 抓住 （基本义） grab 动词 名词 53 A man visiting a graveyard saw a tombstone that reads, “Here lies John Kelly, a lawyer and an honest man.” “How about that!” he exclaimed. “Money is so tight that they’ve got three people buried in one grave!”  tight 词根 前缀 / 后缀 单词 派生词   mot   pro- (向前 forward) promote v promotion n re- (向后、往回 back) remote adj -ive motive n motivate v -or motor n -ion motion n e- (外 out); -ion emotion n emotional adj motion TRANSLATE THE SENTENCE drown oneself in 埋头于；沉浸在 a drowned chicken/rat 落汤鸡 Two children drowned after falling into the river. The fruit was drowned in cream. She turned up the radio to drown out the noise from next door. 他回忆往事，沉浸其中。 He called up his memories and was drowned in them. An earthquake has hit the capital, causing damage to buildings and panic among the population. Guests panicked and screamed when the bomb exploded. get into a panic 陷入恐慌 in panic 惊慌失措地 1. 简陷入恐慌，她心跳动得如此剧烈，以至于她感觉快要窒息了。 Jane got into a panic and her heart beat so violently that she felt nearly choked. 2. 我极度恐慌，感到双腿颤抖，手心冒汗。 Extremely panicked,I felt my legs trembling and my palms sweating. Turkin tapped him on the shoulder. "Sorry to interrupt, Colonel." Taller plants interrupt the views from the house. Tip:interrupt与disturb (1)interrupt侧重打断某活动 (2)disturb侧重扰乱某种状态或秩序 我们被突然而急促的敲门声打断了。 We were interrupted by a sudden and urgent knock on the door. 《呐喊》（The Scream） ，爱德华·蒙克1893年的作品。这幅画是表现主义绘画的代表。画作的主体是在血红色映衬下一个极其痛苦的表情。红色的背景源于1883年印度尼西亚喀拉喀托火山爆发，火山灰把天空染红了。蒙克将画面中沉闷、焦虑并且孤独的情感，表现到了一种极致。 scream out in terror 惊恐地尖叫 scream at sb. (to do sth.) 对某人大喊大叫(做某事) let out desperate screams 发出绝望的尖叫 She screamed. "Get up!"  He let out a scream. 近义词 v. shout 喊叫 roar 吼叫 反义词 v. whisper低语 1. 她吓得尖叫一声,跳了起来。 She jumped to her feet, screaming in terror. 2. 我高兴得几乎要尖叫起来。 I almost screamed with happiness. 3. 他大声呼救，但都徒劳无功。 He screamed for help, but all in vain. 4. 所有在场的人都尖叫起来，为他加油。 All the people present screamed and cheered him up. He was choking on a piece of toast. His voice was choking with rage. The pond was choked with rotten leaves. choke③ ①sb choke up with...=sb’s voice was choking with... (因感情激动而)哽咽 ②said/added in a choked voice 哽咽着说道 1. 我哽咽着回答，眼泪顺着我的脸流了下来。 I replied in a chocked voice,tears streaming down my face. 2. 她的心跳得厉害,几乎窒息了。 Her heart beat so violently that she felt nearly chocked. 3. 她哽咽着,眼里满是泪水。 She chocked up, her eyes brimming with tears. 1. 看到那只凶猛的狼，我感到非常害怕，喉咙发紧，膝盖发软。 At the sight of the fierce wolf, I felt so scared that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak. 2. 站在队伍前面，我感到喉咙发紧，手心冒汗。 Standing in front of the line, I felt my throat tight and palms sweating. Time was running out and they were getting desperate. He was so desperate for a job he would have done anything. They face a desperate shortage of clean water. He took a deep breath, desperately trying to keep calm. desperate ③ be desperate for...　渴望… in desperate need of... 非常需要…　 in desperation/ despair 绝望地 1. 无助绝望,他双膝跪地,悔恨的泪水沿脸颊落下。 Desperate and hopeless,he knelt down, tears of regret streaming down her cheeks. 2. 听到这个消息,他很绝望，便借酒消愁。 Hearing the news, so desperate was he that he drowned sadness in wine. 3. 尽管他非常渴望夺冠，但他觉得在这个关键时刻他应该做正确的事情。 Desperate as he was for the championship, he felt he should do the right thing at this critical moment. help sb to one’s feet After a short rest, he was bound to his feet and continued the journey. When the teacher announced that he had passed the exam with flying colors, he jumped to his feet in excitement. The injured athlete, with great determination, struggled to his feet and completed the race. The old man slowly rose to his feet to greet his long-lost friend. After a period of rest , the athlete was back on his feet and ready to compete again. The city is faced with serious environmental problems such as air pollution and waste disposal. In the face of great danger, the firefighter showed no hesitation and rushed into the burning building. In order to save face, he pretended that he knew all the answers. He was afraid that he would lose face if he failed the exam. The little boy made a face at his mother to make her laugh. It's time for you to face up to your responsibilities and stop avoiding them. 语料运用 Two girls were happily walking hand in hand when a big dog charged at them, which greatly got them in panic, letting out desperate screams. Faced with the approaching of the dog, so frightened were they that one girl put her hands to her cheeks so as to avoid being attacked, while the other girl desperately crouched on the ground with her head in her hands. Just at that time, a young man who put his hands into pockets immediately whistled to the dog to come back. 两个女孩正愉快地手牵着手走着，这时一只大狗向她们冲来，这让她们非常恐慌，发出绝望的尖叫。面对狗的逼近，女孩们如此害怕，一个女孩用双手捂住了脸以免受到攻击，而另一个女孩则双手抱头绝望地蹲在地上。就在这时，一个把手伸进口袋的年轻人立即吹口哨让狗回来。 续写积累提能练 语料运用 他急忙走向女孩们，扶她们站起来，笨拙地搓着手真诚地为他的狗道歉。他一再保证他的狗没有伤害过任何人，这慢慢缓解了女孩们的极度恐慌。最后，女孩们耸耸肩，摊开双手，表示原谅，但也建议他在街上散步时不要松开他的狗。 He hurried to the girls, helped them to their feet and sincerely apologized for his dog, rubbing his hands together awkwardly.He promised again and again that his dog hadn’t hurt anybody, which slowly eased the girls from extreme panic.At last, the girls shrugged their shoulders and spread their hands showing their forgiveness but also suggested that he shouldn’t loose his dog while walking in the street. 续写积累提能练 在一个雾蒙蒙的夜晚，小餐馆里充满了温暖、热闹的气氛。用餐的人中有一群朋友，有说有笑。突然，其中一个叫杰克的家伙站起来拿东西时，不小心扭伤了脚踝。剧烈的疼痛使他发出一声尖叫。 In a foggy evening, the small diner was filled with a warm and bustling atmosphere. Among the diners were a group of friends, chatting and laughing. Suddenly, one of the fellows, Jack, while getting up to fetch something, accidentally sprained his ankle. The sharp pain made him let out a scream. 在一片混乱中，另一位就餐者露西因为震惊被一块食物噎住了。她的脸涨得通红，拼命喘息，双手紧紧掐住喉咙。 In the confusion, another diner, Lucy, was so startled that she choked on a piece of food. Her face turned red as she struggled to breathe, her hands tightly clutching her throat. 续写积累提能练 Seeing Lucy's desperate state, a man nearby quickly rushed over and gave her a firm slap on the back. After a few seconds, the food dislodged and Lucy gasped for air. 看到露西绝望的样子，旁边的一个男人赶紧跑过去，在她背上狠狠地拍了一下。几秒钟后，食物掉了出来，露茜大口地喘着气。 Just a few seconds ago, she was in a state of complete despair, her eyes swelling with hopelessness and her body trembling uncontrollably. But then, as if a ray of light had pierced through the dark clouds,the grip of desperation that had held her so tightly began to loosen. 就在几秒钟前，她还处于完全绝望的状态，她的眼睛里充满了绝望，她的身体无法控制地颤抖着。但就在这时，仿佛有一道光线穿透了乌云，紧紧抓住她的绝望开始松动了。 续写积累提能练 With the gentle support of her friend, she felt a glimmer of strength returning to her limbs. Her friend's arm around her waist was like a lifeline, providing both physical and emotional stability. Slowly, with a tentative yet determined effort, she began to rise, her legs shaking slightly as she struggled to find her balance. 在朋友的支持下，她感到四肢又恢复了一丝力量。朋友搂在她腰上的手臂就像一条生命线，给了她身体和情感上的稳定。她缓缓地，带着试探却又坚定的努力，开始站起，双腿微微颤抖，努力寻找平衡。 续写积累提能练 默写 两个女孩正愉快地手牵着手走着，这时一只大狗向她们冲来，这让她们非常恐慌，发出绝望的尖叫。面对狗的逼近，女孩们如此害怕，一个女孩用双手捂住了脸以免受到攻击，而另一个女孩则双手抱头绝望地蹲在地上。就在这时，一个把手伸进口袋的年轻人立即吹口哨让狗回来。他急忙走向女孩们，扶她们站起来，笨拙地搓着手真诚地为他的狗道歉。他一再保证他的狗没有伤害过任何人，这慢慢缓解了女孩们的极度恐慌。最后，女孩们耸耸肩，摊开双手，表示原谅，但也建议他在街上散步时不要松开他的狗。 Lavf58.20.100 Packed by Bilibili XCoder v2.0.2 $$