Unit 4 Natural disasters【A卷·提升卷】-2024-2025学年九年级英语下册单元速记·巧练（深圳专用，沪教牛津版）

班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 4 Natural disasters（A卷·提升卷） （时间：70分钟，满分：75分） 一、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 The island country of Japan, located on the Ring of Fire, 1 thousands of small earthquakes each year. In 1995 a 6.9 magnitude earthquake shook a city named Kobe（神户）. Many people were killed or injured as a result of the damage. The people of Kobe faced many difficult problems, including shortages of 2 , water, and housing. What lessons did scientists learn from this disaster? And how are people 3 the next big earthquake? Part of preparation for an earthquake is to make sure that buildings and other structures are 4 enough, so scientists and engineers in Japan are working hard to 5 construction technology. Japanese scientists are working on the world’s largest earthquake, “shaking table”. New technologies are also used to create “smart” buildings that can get survived in the earthquake. Many kinds of new instruments have been developed to help scientists 6 an earthquake. There is a new computer system which can give people as much as a 25-second 7 that a quake is coming. In this way, people will have 8 time to stop trains, shut down gas lines, and tell 9 to stop operating in the hospital and so on. Although earthquakes can 10 be controlled, yet in the future as the forecasting methods are becoming more advanced, people will deal with such events more effectively. 1．A．experiences B．causes C．likes D．makes 2．A．money B．food C．computers D．scientists 3．A．waiting for B．thinking of C．preparing for D．working on 4．A．tall B．strong C．modern D．new 5．A．improve B．raise C．teach D．learn 6．A．pick B．protect C．stop D．predict 7．A．news B．warming C．suggestion D．warning 8．A．long B．happy C．enough D．main 9．A．doctors B．engineers C．teachers D．managers 10．A．seldom B．always C．never D．sometimes 二、阅读理解(40分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题1.5分) A Typhoons in the northern part of the world have girls’ names. Sometimes they have very beautiful names. Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was the worst typhoon to hit Hong Kong in ten years. It began to rain in the morning of Monday, August 16th, 1971. At ten o’clock in the morning, Typhoon Rose was still 130 miles away but already the wind was blowing people’s umbrellas away. The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters (避风港) were soon full of boats. Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors (锚). Some very big ships went out to sea. It is safer for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because it cannot be blown onto rocks. Kai Tak Airport closed. No planes were able to take off or land. At 9:00 in the evening, all the lights went out.   No one slept well that night. It is difficult to sleep in such bad weather. In Typhoon Rose, more than one hundred people died. 229 people were hurt and 66 of these had to go to hospital. 1,500 lost their homes. The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose! 11．What’s TRUE according to the passage? A．Typhoons all over the world have girls’ names. B．Typhoons with pretty names are usually beautiful. C．Typhoon Rose only hit Hong Kong. D．For ten years, people in Hong Kong haven’t seen a worse typhoon than Typhoon Rose. 12．What’s the possible result of Typhoon Rose? A．Lots of big ships were blown onto rocks. B．More than two hundred people lost their lives and many more lost their homes. C．People didn’t sleep well in such bad weather. D．People turned off the lights at 9:00 in the evening. 13．The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose because ________. A．it caused the terrible losses B．they didn’t sleep well that night C．Typhoon Rose wasn’t as pretty as its name D．they couldn’t find their ships after the typhoon 14．Some big ships didn’t go inside the shelters because ________. A．they had more anchors B．it is safer outside C．they were out at sea and they weren’t fast enough to reach the shelters when Typhoon Rose came D．it was too expensive for big ships to go inside the shelters 15．This passage is mainly about ________. A．the names of typhoons B．typhoons in Hong Kong C．Typhoon Rose D．the typhoons B Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying (摧毁) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged (破坏) that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children,” he said, “When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.” Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said, “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and the welfare department (福利机构) brought them food, clothes and shelter. 16．How many homes altogether (总共) were damaged in the storm? A．Fourteen. B．Twenty-one. C．Twenty-nine. D．Thirty-six. 17．Where was Mr. Tan when the storm first began? A．He was in bed. B．He was inside the house. C．He was outside the house. D．He was on the roof. 18．Mrs. Woo and her family didn’t get hurt because ________. A．her husband knew there would be a storm B．they were all outside the house when the storm became worse C．she felt the house moving and they ran out immediately D．the welfare department helped her 19．The underlined word “shelter” in this passage means ________. A．something to eat B．something to wear C．somewhere to studyD．somewhere to stay 20．Which of the following may be the best title for this passage? A．A Terrible Storm B．A Lucky Woman C．Good Soldiers D．Clever People C A 7-magnitude (震级) earthquake hit Ya’an, Sichuan at 8: 02 on April 20, 2013, and it killed at least 196 people and injured more than 11, 000. Together with other students, Yang Xuelan ran out to the playground. She was safe. But all her textbooks and exercise books were buried (埋) in the teaching building. What can we do when an earthquake happens? In fact, there’s little we can do to stop natural disasters (自然灾害) such as earthquakes happening. But, some methods can reduce the harm they cause. The American Red Cross introduced the “Drop, Cover & Hold on” method. ◆Drop down onto your hands and knees. This way can protect you from falling. ◆Cover your head under a strong table or desk. You can also stay along a wall, and cover your head with your arms and hands. ◆Hold on to (守住，抓牢) your shelter (遮蔽物) until the shaking stops. Be prepared to move with your shelter if the shaking continues. Schools can normally take the earthquake drills (演练) to help students stay alive. 21．How many people lost their lives in the earthquake in Ya’an? A．At least 196. B．More than 11, 000. C．Less than 196. D．About 11, 196. 22．When the earthquake happened in Ya’an, YangXuelan was _______. A．at home B．at school C．on her way to school D．playing on the playground 23．What does the underlined word “reduce” mean in Chinese? A．提高 B．阻止 C．增加 D．减少 24．According to the writer, we can _______ to reduce the harm natural disasters cause. A．do nothing B．stay at home C．take some methods D．run out of the house 25．Which of the following can help you stay alive in an earthquake? A．Dropping down onto your hands and knees. B．Covering your head under a strong table or desk. C．Holding on to your shelter until the shaking stops. D．A, B and C． 第二节 阅读匹配 (共5小题，每小题1.5分) 根据所给的描述，找出与选项A、B、C、D、E信息相匹配的选项。 Earthquakes often happen and you may hear about the earthquake in Songyuan of Jilin Province these days. So we must know some advice about protecting ourselves. 26 You should do earthquake practice and teach your children about earthquake safety. Everyone in the family should do some earthquake practice often. It’s very important. 27 It’s necessary to prepare yourself and your family. All family members should know how to turn off gas, water and electricity and know useful telephone numbers (120, 110, 119, etc). 28 If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or a strong table. The purpose is to protect yourself from falling objects. Stay away from windows, large mirrors and so on. If you are cooking, turn off the gas. 29 If you are outdoors, move to an open area like a playground. Move away from buildings, bridges and trees. If you are driving, stop the car as soon as possible, and stay away from bridges and tall building. Stay in your car. 30 Once the shaking has stopped, DO NOT run out of the buildings at once. It is better to wait and leave when it is safe. If your building is badly broken, you should leave it. A．The advice about when you are indoors during an earthquake. B．You shouldn’t leave at once until it is safe after an earthquake. C．Know useful telephone numbers. D．Practice for an earthquake. E．The advice about when you are outdoors during an earthquake. 第三节 阅读还原6选5(共5小题，每小题2分) 阅读下面短文，并从文后的六个选项中选择五个还原到原文，使原文的意思连贯、完整。Albert Einstein once said, “Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.” No matter who you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are. 31 Among them, the following qualities are the most helpful ones. Have a positive attitude. Life is not always a bed of roses. 32 Do you know what can help you overcome difficulties? It’s your attitude. Cheer up! Life is like a mirror. When you smile in front of it, it will also smile back at you. Keep learning. Maybe you are used to your present life. Every day you have so much work to do that you can’t find any time to learn. However, the world around you is changing all the time. 33 Keeping learning can help you get success in the future. 34 In the modern world, the students who have creative thinking are needed most. Being creative means coming up with new ideas and having creative imagination. Those who are creative have more choices in their life. Be honest and keep your promise. Honesty is the best policy (原则). Nobody likes a person who tells lies. 35 . As long as you have these qualities mentioned above, you will be excellent and make a difference to the world. A．Don’t lose heart when you face difficulties. B．Creativity is an important quality. C．The one who keeps his words is popular everywhere. D．Be creative and use your imagination. E．There are many good qualities that are beneficial in your life. F．Never be satisfied with yourself, or you will fall behind others. 三、短文填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个恰当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Many places across the United States have faced extremely cold and dangerous winter weather in recent days. This includes states (州) like Texas and Oklahoma, 36 such severe (严重的) winter storms are uncommon. The lack of planning and preparation by leaders in those areas left locals 37 heat, water, gasoline and other necessary services for many days. At least 20 people 38 (dead) this week. Experts warn that deadly weather will be hitting the U.S. more often, and that the country needs to get better at 39 (deal) with it. This 40 (week) storms show the worsening extremes under climate change. They also demonstrate that local, state and federal (联邦的) officials have failed to do enough 41 (prepare) communities for extreme and dangerous weather. “This is a different kind of storm,” said Kendra Clements. She is one of several business people in Oklahoma City 42 opened their buildings to shelter 43 (home) people. Some of them came in with frostbite (冻伤), hypothermia and (体温过低) and ice in their hair. Social service providers and governments have predicted the increasing needs among the nation’s 44 (poor) people as climate and natural disasters get worse. Other 45 (America) are at risk as well. Power supplies of all kinds failed in the extreme cold, including natural gas-fired power plants and some wind turbines (风力涡轮机). 四、书面表达(15分) 2024 年 12 月 18 日午夜，甘肃临夏州积石山县发生了 6.2 级地震，造成了 130 多人死亡，近 800 人受伤。假设你们学校近期要举办“地震自救知识演讲比赛”，请你根据以下内容提示，以“How to keep safe when an earthquake happens”为题写一篇英文演讲稿，谈谈在发生地震期间应该如何保护自己。 内容提示: A．保持镇定，如果地震发生时你在家或者在教室，应迅速躲到坚固的床或桌子下。不要从高楼跳下去。 B．可以用手或软的东西保护脸和头。 C．当地面停止晃动时要尽快离开建筑物，不要使用电梯；如果你在户外，要远离高的建筑物和路灯。 D．要勇敢，要乐于助人。 要求： 1.短文必须包含以上所有的提示要点，可以适当发挥； 2.文中不得透露个人真实信息； 3.不少于 80 词（开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数）。 参考词汇：keep calm, hide under, jump out of, protect, soft, ground, shaking, take a lift, in the open air, keep away from, streetlights, brave How to keep safe when an earthquake happens Hello, everyone. It’s very important for us to keep safe when an earthquake happens. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 答案第10页，共10页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 班级 姓名 学号 分数 Unit 4 Natural disasters（A卷·提升卷） （时间：70分钟，满分：75分） 一、完形填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。 The island country of Japan, located on the Ring of Fire, 1 thousands of small earthquakes each year. In 1995 a 6.9 magnitude earthquake shook a city named Kobe（神户）. Many people were killed or injured as a result of the damage. The people of Kobe faced many difficult problems, including shortages of 2 , water, and housing. What lessons did scientists learn from this disaster? And how are people 3 the next big earthquake? Part of preparation for an earthquake is to make sure that buildings and other structures are 4 enough, so scientists and engineers in Japan are working hard to 5 construction technology. Japanese scientists are working on the world’s largest earthquake, “shaking table”. New technologies are also used to create “smart” buildings that can get survived in the earthquake. Many kinds of new instruments have been developed to help scientists 6 an earthquake. There is a new computer system which can give people as much as a 25-second 7 that a quake is coming. In this way, people will have 8 time to stop trains, shut down gas lines, and tell 9 to stop operating in the hospital and so on. Although earthquakes can 10 be controlled, yet in the future as the forecasting methods are becoming more advanced, people will deal with such events more effectively. 1．A．experiences B．causes C．likes D．makes 2．A．money B．food C．computers D．scientists 3．A．waiting for B．thinking of C．preparing for D．working on 4．A．tall B．strong C．modern D．new 5．A．improve B．raise C．teach D．learn 6．A．pick B．protect C．stop D．predict 7．A．news B．warming C．suggestion D．warning 8．A．long B．happy C．enough D．main 9．A．doctors B．engineers C．teachers D．managers 10．A．seldom B．always C．never D．sometimes 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】短文大意：本文是科普文，从地震前的准备工作和开发地震预测仪两个方面介绍了如何为下一次大地震做好准备。 1．句意：位于火山带上的岛国日本，每年经历数千次小地震。 考查动词辨析。A. 经历；B. 导致；C. 喜欢；D. 制造。根据句意语境，结合下文举例In 1995 a 6.9 magnitude earthquake shook a city named Kobe.可知experience（经历）符合句意，故选A。 2．句意：神户人民面临着许多困难的问题，包括食物、水和住房的短缺。 考查名词辨析。A. 钱；B. 食物；C. 计算机；D. 科学家。根据shortages of , water, and housing可知缺少食物、水和住房，故选B。 3．句意：以及人们如何为下一次大地震做准备? 考查动词短语辨析。A. 等待；B. 思考；C. 为……做准备；D. 从事。根据the next big earthquake，联系下文Part of preparation for an earthquake，可知prepare for the next big earthquake符合句意，故选C。 4．句意：地震的部分准备工作是确保建筑物和其他结构足够坚固，因此日本的科学家和工程师正在努力改进建筑技术。 考查形容词辨析。A. 高的；B. 强壮的/坚固的；C. 现代的；D. 新的。make sure确信/确保，根据下文so scientists and engineers in Japan are working hard to improve construction technology.可知是确保建筑物和其他结构足够坚固，故选B。 5．句意：地震的部分准备工作是确保建筑物和其他结构足够坚固，因此日本的科学家和工程师正在努力改进建筑技术。 考查动词辨析。A. 提高/改进；B. 提升；C. 教；D. 学。根据to make sure that buildings and other structures are strong enough,可知需改进建筑技术，故选A。 6．句意：为了帮助科学家预测地震，人们开发了许多种新仪器。 考查动词辨析。A. 选择；B. 保护；C. 停止；D. 预测。根据to help scientists predict an earthquake.可知是为了帮助科学家预测地震，故选D。 7．句意：有一种新的计算机系统可以给人们提供多达25秒的地震预警。 考查名词辨析。A. 新闻；B. 温暖；C. 建议；D. 警告。25-second25秒的，限定词修饰名词；根据Many kinds of new instruments have been developed to help scientists predict an earthquake.可知前面三项意思都与句意不合，故选D。 8．句意：通过这种方式，人们将有足够的时间停止火车，关闭天然气管道，并告诉医生停止在医院的操作，等等。 考查形容词辨析。A. 长的；B. 快乐的；C. 足够的；D. 主要的。根据上文give people as much as a 25-second warning可知时间是足够逃生的，故选C。 9．句意：通过这种方式，人们将有足够的时间停止火车，关闭天然气管道，并告诉医生停止在医院的操作，等等。 考查名词辨析。A. 医生；B. 工程师；C. 教师；D. 经理。根据to stop operating in the hospital可知是告诉医生停止工作，故选A。 10．句意：虽然地震永远无法控制，但在未来随着预测方法的日益先进，人们将更有效地应对这类事件。 考查副词辨析。A. 很少；B. 总是；C. 从不；D. 有时。although尽管，表让步；根据句意语境，可知地震是永远无法控制的，故选C。 二、阅读理解(40分) 第一节 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。(共15小题，每小题1.5分) A Typhoons in the northern part of the world have girls’ names. Sometimes they have very beautiful names. Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was the worst typhoon to hit Hong Kong in ten years. It began to rain in the morning of Monday, August 16th, 1971. At ten o’clock in the morning, Typhoon Rose was still 130 miles away but already the wind was blowing people’s umbrellas away. The wind became stronger and stronger. The typhoon shelters (避风港) were soon full of boats. Ships that were too big to go inside the shelters put down more anchors (锚). Some very big ships went out to sea. It is safer for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because it cannot be blown onto rocks. Kai Tak Airport closed. No planes were able to take off or land. At 9:00 in the evening, all the lights went out.   No one slept well that night. It is difficult to sleep in such bad weather. In Typhoon Rose, more than one hundred people died. 229 people were hurt and 66 of these had to go to hospital. 1,500 lost their homes. The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose! 11．What’s TRUE according to the passage? A．Typhoons all over the world have girls’ names. B．Typhoons with pretty names are usually beautiful. C．Typhoon Rose only hit Hong Kong. D．For ten years, people in Hong Kong haven’t seen a worse typhoon than Typhoon Rose. 12．What’s the possible result of Typhoon Rose? A．Lots of big ships were blown onto rocks. B．More than two hundred people lost their lives and many more lost their homes. C．People didn’t sleep well in such bad weather. D．People turned off the lights at 9:00 in the evening. 13．The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose because ________. A．it caused the terrible losses B．they didn’t sleep well that night C．Typhoon Rose wasn’t as pretty as its name D．they couldn’t find their ships after the typhoon 14．Some big ships didn’t go inside the shelters because ________. A．they had more anchors B．it is safer outside C．they were out at sea and they weren’t fast enough to reach the shelters when Typhoon Rose came D．it was too expensive for big ships to go inside the shelters 15．This passage is mainly about ________. A．the names of typhoons B．typhoons in Hong Kong C．Typhoon Rose D．the typhoons 【答案】 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了香港最严重的一次台风——玫瑰，以及给香港造成的损失和伤害，人们将永远不会忘记这场灾难。 11．细节理解题。根据第一段“Rose is a pretty name but there was nothing pretty about Typhoon Rose. It was the worst typhoon to hit Hong Kong in ten years.”可知，10年来，香港人从未见过比台风“玫瑰”更严重的台风。故选D。 12．细节理解题。根据第三段“No one slept well that night. It is difficult to sleep in such bad weather.”可知，人们在如此恶劣的天气里睡得不好。故选C。 13．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In Typhoon Rose, more than one hundred people died. 229 people were hurt and 66 of these had to go to hospital. 1,500 lost their homes. The people of Hong Kong will not quickly forget Typhoon Rose!”可知，台风“玫瑰”给香港带来了巨大的损失，所以人们难以忘记它。故选A。 14．细节理解题。根据第二段“Some very big ships went out to sea. It is safer for a big ship to be at sea in a typhoon because it cannot be blown onto rocks.”可知，对大型船只来说，在台风袭击时，待在海面上反而不会被台风刮到岩石上，所以它们在海上更安全。故选B。 15．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，文章主要叙述了台风“玫瑰”给香港带来的巨大伤害。故选C。 B Last Friday a storm swept through two villages in the New Territories, destroying (摧毁) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged (破坏) that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs. One person was killed, several were badly hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people received smaller hurt. Altogether over two hundred people were homeless after the storm. A farmer, Mr. Tan, said that the storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. “I was eating with my wife and children,” he said, “When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us. We tried our best to climb out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back inside and found him, safe but very frightened.” Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children. “There was no time to take anything,” she said, “A few minutes later, the roof came down.” Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and the welfare department (福利机构) brought them food, clothes and shelter. 16．How many homes altogether (总共) were damaged in the storm? A．Fourteen. B．Twenty-one. C．Twenty-nine. D．Thirty-six. 17．Where was Mr. Tan when the storm first began? A．He was in bed. B．He was inside the house. C．He was outside the house. D．He was on the roof. 18．Mrs. Woo and her family didn’t get hurt because ________. A．her husband knew there would be a storm B．they were all outside the house when the storm became worse C．she felt the house moving and they ran out immediately D．the welfare department helped her 19．The underlined word “shelter” in this passage means ________. A．something to eat B．something to wear C．somewhere to studyD．somewhere to stay 20．Which of the following may be the best title for this passage? A．A Terrible Storm B．A Lucky Woman C．Good Soldiers D．Clever People 【答案】 16．D 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A 【导语】本文讲述了一场暴风雨给村庄带来了很大的危害，很多房屋被毁，也有人员伤亡，但将士们帮助人们转移到安全地方，福利机构也给灾民们提供了帮助。 16．细节理解题。根据“destroying (摧毁) fourteen homes. Seven others were so badly damaged (破坏) that their owners had to leave them, and fifteen others had broken windows or broken roofs”可知，14间房屋被摧毁，7间严重破坏，15间房屋的窗户或屋顶破损。所以一共有36间房屋被损害。故选D。 17．推理判断题。根据“I was eating with my wife and children...When we heard a loud noise. A few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.”可推知，Mr. Tan当时在家里。故选B。 18．细节理解题。根据“Mrs. Woo Mei Fong said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside at once with her children.”可知，Mrs. Woo Meifong感觉房子移动时就立马带孩子跑出去了。故选C。 19．词句猜测题。根据“Soldiers helped to take people out of the flooded (水淹的) area and the welfare department (福利机构) brought them food, clothes and shelter.”可知，福利机构给这些人带来食物，衣服和住所，由此推知，划线单词shelter在此表示“避难所”，即可以住的地方。故选D。 20．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了一场暴风雨引起的自然灾害，以及灾害发生时人们正在做什么。因此A项“一场可怕的暴风雨”最符合文意，为本文最佳标题。故选A。 C A 7-magnitude (震级) earthquake hit Ya’an, Sichuan at 8: 02 on April 20, 2013, and it killed at least 196 people and injured more than 11, 000. Together with other students, Yang Xuelan ran out to the playground. She was safe. But all her textbooks and exercise books were buried (埋) in the teaching building. What can we do when an earthquake happens? In fact, there’s little we can do to stop natural disasters (自然灾害) such as earthquakes happening. But, some methods can reduce the harm they cause. The American Red Cross introduced the “Drop, Cover & Hold on” method. ◆Drop down onto your hands and knees. This way can protect you from falling. ◆Cover your head under a strong table or desk. You can also stay along a wall, and cover your head with your arms and hands. ◆Hold on to (守住，抓牢) your shelter (遮蔽物) until the shaking stops. Be prepared to move with your shelter if the shaking continues. Schools can normally take the earthquake drills (演练) to help students stay alive. 21．How many people lost their lives in the earthquake in Ya’an? A．At least 196. B．More than 11, 000. C．Less than 196. D．About 11, 196. 22．When the earthquake happened in Ya’an, YangXuelan was _______. A．at home B．at school C．on her way to school D．playing on the playground 23．What does the underlined word “reduce” mean in Chinese? A．提高 B．阻止 C．增加 D．减少 24．According to the writer, we can _______ to reduce the harm natural disasters cause. A．do nothing B．stay at home C．take some methods D．run out of the house 25．Which of the following can help you stay alive in an earthquake? A．Dropping down onto your hands and knees. B．Covering your head under a strong table or desk. C．Holding on to your shelter until the shaking stops. D．A, B and C． 【答案】 21．A 22．B 23．D 24．C 25．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了一些在地震自保的方法。 21．细节理解题。根据“and it killed at least 196 people and injured more than 11, 000.”可知，地震中失去生命的有至少196个人。故选A。 22．细节理解题。根据“Together with other students, Yang Xuelan ran out to the playground.”以及“But all her textbooks and exercise books were buried (埋) in the teaching building.”可知，地震发生的时候，杨雪兰在学校。故选B。 23．词义猜测题。根据“But, some methods can reduce the harm they cause”可知，划线词前提到了方法，后文又提到了自然灾害造成的伤害，因此划线词是“减少”。故选D。 24．细节理解题。根据“In fact, there’s little we can do to stop natural disasters (自然灾害) such as earthquakes happening. But, some methods can reduce the harm they cause.”可知，根据作者的观点，我们可以采取一些方法来减少自然灾害造成的危害。故选C。 25．细节理解题。根据“Drop down onto your hands and knees.”；“Cover your head under a strong table or desk.”以及“Hold on to (守住，抓牢) your shelter (遮蔽物) until the shaking stops.”可知，A、B以及C三个选项都符合题意要求。故选D。 第二节 阅读匹配 (共5小题，每小题1.5分) 根据所给的描述，找出与选项A、B、C、D、E信息相匹配的选项。 Earthquakes often happen and you may hear about the earthquake in Songyuan of Jilin Province these days. So we must know some advice about protecting ourselves. 26 You should do earthquake practice and teach your children about earthquake safety. Everyone in the family should do some earthquake practice often. It’s very important. 27 It’s necessary to prepare yourself and your family. All family members should know how to turn off gas, water and electricity and know useful telephone numbers (120, 110, 119, etc). 28 If you are indoors, quickly move to a safe place in the room such as under a strong desk or a strong table. The purpose is to protect yourself from falling objects. Stay away from windows, large mirrors and so on. If you are cooking, turn off the gas. 29 If you are outdoors, move to an open area like a playground. Move away from buildings, bridges and trees. If you are driving, stop the car as soon as possible, and stay away from bridges and tall building. Stay in your car. 30 Once the shaking has stopped, DO NOT run out of the buildings at once. It is better to wait and leave when it is safe. If your building is badly broken, you should leave it. A．The advice about when you are indoors during an earthquake. B．You shouldn’t leave at once until it is safe after an earthquake. C．Know useful telephone numbers. D．Practice for an earthquake. E．The advice about when you are outdoors during an earthquake. 【答案】 26．D 27．C 28．A 29．E 30．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了地震的危害性，详细的介绍了我们应该做好地震防护，及其一些关于保护我们自己的建议。 26．根据下文“You should do earthquake practice and teach your children about earthquake safety. Everyone in the family should do some earthquake practice often. It’s very important.”可知，此段主要讲述地震演习。选项D“地震演习”与之对应，故选D。 27．根据下文“It’s necessary to prepare yourself and your family…know useful telephone numbers (120, 110, 119, etc).”可知，此段主要介绍在地震前要做好准备，知道有用的电话号码，选项C“知道有用的电话号码”与之对应。故选C。 28．根据下文“If you are indoors, …If you are cooking, turn off the gas.”可知，本段主要介绍了地震时你在室内应该怎么办，给出了具体的建议。选项A“关于地震期间你在室内的建议”与之对应，故选A。 29．根据下文“If you are outdoors, …Stay in your car.”可知，本段主要介绍了地震时，你在室外时应该怎么办。选项E“关于地震期间你在户外的建议”与之对应，故选E。 30．根据下文“Once the shaking has stopped, DO NOT run out of the buildings at once…you should leave it.”可知，本段主要介绍了最好等到安全的时候再离开。选项B“在地震后安全之前，你不应该马上离开”与之对应，故选B。 第三节 阅读还原6选5(共5小题，每小题2分) 阅读下面短文，并从文后的六个选项中选择五个还原到原文，使原文的意思连贯、完整。Albert Einstein once said, “Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.” No matter who you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are. 31 Among them, the following qualities are the most helpful ones. Have a positive attitude. Life is not always a bed of roses. 32 Do you know what can help you overcome difficulties? It’s your attitude. Cheer up! Life is like a mirror. When you smile in front of it, it will also smile back at you. Keep learning. Maybe you are used to your present life. Every day you have so much work to do that you can’t find any time to learn. However, the world around you is changing all the time. 33 Keeping learning can help you get success in the future. 34 In the modern world, the students who have creative thinking are needed most. Being creative means coming up with new ideas and having creative imagination. Those who are creative have more choices in their life. Be honest and keep your promise. Honesty is the best policy (原则). Nobody likes a person who tells lies. 35 . As long as you have these qualities mentioned above, you will be excellent and make a difference to the world. A．Don’t lose heart when you face difficulties. B．Creativity is an important quality. C．The one who keeps his words is popular everywhere. D．Be creative and use your imagination. E．There are many good qualities that are beneficial in your life. F．Never be satisfied with yourself, or you will fall behind others. 【答案】 31．E 32．A 33．F 34．D 35．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了四种使人受益匪浅的优良品质。 31．根据下文“Among them, the following qualities are the most helpful ones.”可知， 在它们当中，以下品质是最有帮助的。由此推断，此处提到很多种品质。选项E“有很多好的品质对你的生活有益。”符合语境。故选E。 32．根据下文“Do you know what can help you overcome difficulties? ”可推断，此处提到如何面对困难。选项A“当你面对困难时不要丧失信心。”符合语境。故选A。 33．根据下文“However, the world around you is changing all the time.”可知，周围的世界一直在变化，我们要适应世界的变化，就要一直坚持学习，否则就会被淘汰。选项F“永远不要对自己感到满意，否则你会落后于别人。”符合语境。故选F。 34．根据下文“In the modern world, the students who have creative thinking are needed most.”可知，在现代社会，最需要的是具有创造性思维的学生。由此推断，此处介绍的优良品质与创造性思维有关。选项D“发挥你的创造力和想象力。”符合语境。故选D。 35．根据上文“Nobody likes a person who tells lies.”可知，没有人喜欢说谎的人。由此推断，此处是在介绍人们喜欢什么样的人。选项C“说话算话的人处处受欢迎。”符合语境。故选C。 三、短文填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个恰当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Many places across the United States have faced extremely cold and dangerous winter weather in recent days. This includes states (州) like Texas and Oklahoma, 36 such severe (严重的) winter storms are uncommon. The lack of planning and preparation by leaders in those areas left locals 37 heat, water, gasoline and other necessary services for many days. At least 20 people 38 (dead) this week. Experts warn that deadly weather will be hitting the U.S. more often, and that the country needs to get better at 39 (deal) with it. This 40 (week) storms show the worsening extremes under climate change. They also demonstrate that local, state and federal (联邦的) officials have failed to do enough 41 (prepare) communities for extreme and dangerous weather. “This is a different kind of storm,” said Kendra Clements. She is one of several business people in Oklahoma City 42 opened their buildings to shelter 43 (home) people. Some of them came in with frostbite (冻伤), hypothermia and (体温过低) and ice in their hair. Social service providers and governments have predicted the increasing needs among the nation’s 44 (poor) people as climate and natural disasters get worse. Other 45 (America) are at risk as well. Power supplies of all kinds failed in the extreme cold, including natural gas-fired power plants and some wind turbines (风力涡轮机). 【答案】 36．where 37．without 38．have died/died 39．dealing 40．week’s 41．to prepare 42．who/that 43．homeless 44．poorest 45．Americans 【导语】本文介绍了美国遭遇的一场大风暴。 36．句意：这包括得克萨斯州和俄克拉荷马州，在这些州如此严重的冬季风暴并不常见。空前面的states (州) like Texas and Oklahoma表示地点，因此用where引导非限制性定语从句。故填where。 37．句意：由于这些地区的领导人缺乏规划和准备，当地人好几天没有暖气、水、汽油和其他必要的服务。根据“At least 20 people…(dead) this week.”可知，这里应该是没有暖气、水、汽油和其他必要的服务，才导致有人死亡的，without意为“没有”。故填without。 38．句意：本周至少有20人死亡。结合语境分析，此处可以用过去式或用现在完成时，表示有20人已经死亡；现在完成时的结构是：助动词have/has+动词的过去分词，主语20 people是复数，因此助动词用have，dead意为“死的”，其动词为die，过去分词为died。die的过去式为died。故填have died/died。 39．句意：专家警告说，致命的天气将更加频繁地袭击美国，美国需要更好地应对这种天气。at为介词，后跟动名词，deal意为“处理”，其动名词为dealing。故填dealing。 40．句意：本周的风暴显示了在气候变化下不断恶化的极端情况。空后的storms是名词，这里用名词所有格形式，week的所有格为week’s。故填week’s。 41．句意：他们还表明，地方、州和联邦官员在为社区应对极端和危险天气做准备方面做得不够。分析句子结构可知，这里用动词不定式作目的状语，prepare意为“准备”。故填to prepare。 42．句意：她是俄克拉何马市的几位商人之一，他们开放了自己的楼宇来收容那些无家可归的人。分析句子结构可知，此处为定语从句，定语从句的先行词business people指人，从句中缺少主语，用who或that引导。故填who/that。 43．句意：她是俄克拉何马市的几位商人之一，他们开放了自己的楼宇来收容那些无家可归的人。空后面的people是名词，这里用形容词修饰，home的形容词为homeless意为“物无家可归的”，形容词，作定语。故填homeless。 44．句意：社会服务提供者和政府预测，随着气候和自然灾害的加剧，该国最贫困人口的需求将不断增加。由空前面的the判断，这里用形容词的最高级，poor意为“贫穷的”，其最高级为poorest。故填poorest。 45．句意：其他美国人也处于危险之中。此处是主语，America意为“美国”；American意为“美国人”，这里指其他美国人也处于危险之中，other后跟可数名词复数。故填Americans。 四、书面表达(15分) 2024 年 12 月 18 日午夜，甘肃临夏州积石山县发生了 6.2 级地震，造成了 130 多人死亡，近 800 人受伤。假设你们学校近期要举办“地震自救知识演讲比赛”，请你根据以下内容提示，以“How to keep safe when an earthquake happens”为题写一篇英文演讲稿，谈谈在发生地震期间应该如何保护自己。 内容提示: A．保持镇定，如果地震发生时你在家或者在教室，应迅速躲到坚固的床或桌子下。不要从高楼跳下去。 B．可以用手或软的东西保护脸和头。 C．当地面停止晃动时要尽快离开建筑物，不要使用电梯；如果你在户外，要远离高的建筑物和路灯。 D．要勇敢，要乐于助人。 要求： 1.短文必须包含以上所有的提示要点，可以适当发挥； 2.文中不得透露个人真实信息； 3.不少于 80 词（开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数）。 参考词汇：keep calm, hide under, jump out of, protect, soft, ground, shaking, take a lift, in the open air, keep away from, streetlights, brave How to keep safe when an earthquake happens Hello, everyone. It’s very important for us to keep safe when an earthquake happens. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ That’s all. Thank you. 参考例文： How to keep safe when an earthquake happens Hello, everyone. It’s very important for us to keep safe when an earthquake happens. We should try our best to protect ourselves from being injured. We should pay attention to the following. First of all, we must keep calm. If we’re at home or in the classroom when the earthquake happens, we should hide under the hard beds or desks quickly. Don’t jump out of the high buildings. Second, we should protect our faces and heads with hands or other soft things. Third, when the ground stops shaking, we should run outdoors as soon as possible. But don’t take the lift. If we are outside, remember to keep away from tall buildings and the streetlights. At last, we should be brave and helpful. That’s all. Thank you. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是材料作文； ②时态：时态为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示的要点，在每个要点下要适当增加细节，使表述内容更完整。 [写作步骤] 第一步，作文开头已给出，应领悟首句内容衔接好下文； 第二步，根据提示材料，分别从四个方面具体的介绍地震发生时应该如何保护自己并帮助他人； 第三步，总结上文，表达感谢。 [亮点词汇] ①try our best to进我们最大努力 ②pay attention to注意 ③keep away from远离…… ④be brave and helpful勇敢且乐于助人 [高分句型] ①It’s very important for us to keep safe when an earthquake happens.（when引导时间状语从句） ②If we are outside, remember to keep away from tall buildings and the streetlights. （if引导条件状语从句） 答案第10页，共10页 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$