精品解析：广东省佛山市南海区2024-2025学年高一上学期学业水平测试英语试卷

南海区2027届高一上学期学业水平测试 英语试卷 本试卷共12页，笔试部分满分130分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听说考试(独立安排，满分20分) 第二部分 综合运用(共三节，满分45分) 第一节课外阅读理解(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Rohan Chakravarty, a cartoonist from Nagpur, is the creator of Green Humour — a series (系列) of cartoon books focused on wildlife, nature protection. His works bring to life a world where tigers worry about their future and whales throw ocean plastic waste back to humans. Chakravarty was drawn to cartoons, like many children when he was young. Although he would get punished for often drawing on school desks and his textbooks, it didn’t stop him from creating cartoon books based on the cartoons he saw on TV. His turning point came during his first wildlife trip as a volunteer for a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO), where he saw a tiger and was inspired to draw cartoons on wildlife. Originally aiming for a job in medicine, Chakravarty realized it wasn’t his interest. Soon, Chakravarty started working as an animation (动画) designer in a Bengaluru company, and chose cartoons as his medium to communicate serious problems like environmental protection in a more attractive manner. In 2013, Chakravarty started Green Humour, which was published on GoComics, becoming the first Indian cartoon series to reach the world. So far, Chakravarty has published nine books, including Making Friends with Snakes, which has been translated into 14 foreign languages and won a prize at the Green Literature Festival in 2021. As a cartoonist, Chakravarty’s work is not simply saying or drawing something funny, but it relates to a lot of understanding and research. He explained that working with scientists helped him deepen his understanding of wildlife protection and balance humour and hard science. Faced with challenges like losing popularity among young readers and difficulty gaining acceptance from publishers, Chakravarty still continues to create a space for environmental protection through his art, aiming to attract people of all ages to care for the environment. 1. What does Green Humour center on? A. Wildlife service. B. Wildlife research. C. Wildlife protection. D. Wildlife organization. 2. What can we learn about Chakravarty from paragraph 2? A. He preferred TV to cartoon books. B. He disliked going to school. C. He was attracted to cartoon games. D. He was crazy about drawing. 3. What motivated Chakravarty to draw cartoons on wildlife? A. His first wildlife trip. B. His job in medicine. C. His school requirement. D. His interest in volunteering. 4. Which of the following can be used to describe Chakravarty’s works? A. Difficult but inspiring. B. Boring but informative. C. Shallow and outdated. D. Interesting and educational. B Most of us are all too familiar with that tired feeling after a restless night. However, some social media users have pushed their tiredness further by taking part in a “no-sleep challenge”. One 19-year-old video creator, Jack, shared his effort live about trying to break a world record for several days in a row without sleep. He finished with 264 hours and 24 minutes without sleep, but it was not enough to beat the 1986 Guinness World Record of 453 hours. Guinness stopped keeping track of this record in 1997 for safety reasons, and they were right — going without sleep for a long time can be very dangerous. Adults should aim for more than seven hours’ sleep per night regularly. Sleep enables many of our bodily systems to rest and recover. During the first three stages of sleep, the nervous system that controls rest and digestion takes over, lowering heart speed and blood pressure. The final stage, the rapid eye movement (REM) stage, is key to functions like creativity, learning, and memory. Lack of sleep can lead to a higher risk of health problems, such as serious sadness, heart problems, and high blood pressure. Even 24 hours without sleep can cause serious problems. Signs of lacking sleep can include tired eyes, feeling angry easily, and wanting more food. On the second day, things get worse, thinking weakens and microsleeps — short moments of sleep lasting around 30 seconds — begin. By day three, people may feel disconnected from reality and have a strong need to sleep. Once into day four of sleeplessness, all signs get much worse, leading to a state where you can’t tell what is real and have a painful desire to sleep. Recovery varies from person to person. For some, a good night’s sleep may be enough, while others may take days or weeks to recover. However, even after catching up on sleep, it often doesn’t fix all the changes in the body caused by a lack of sleep. To stay healthy, avoid social media challenges and instead choose good sleep habits to get your seven to nine hours of quality sleep. Your body will thank you. 5. What do we know about Jack? A. He broke the Guinness World Record. B. He stayed awake for more than 11 days. C. He suffered no harm from the challenge. D. He shared his experience after the event. 6. Why is the REM stage important? A. It improves digestion. B. It increases heart rate. C. It supports certain brain functions. D. It helps with physical growth. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The Dangers of Lack of Sleep B. Health Benefits of REM Sleep C. Recovery from Sleep Loss D. The No-Sleep Challenge C Trying to convince kids to eat their food can be challenging. The tears, the uncontrollable anger — many parents will know the feeling only too well. But those failing to get their child to eat some vegetables can get some relief, as a new study has found that picky eating is largely down to genes (基因), while environmental factors, such as the types of foods eaten at home and where meals are eaten, may only be important when the child is between one and three years old. The research, led by researchers from University College London, King’s College London and the University of Leeds, included more than 2,000 pairs of both identical and non-identical twins born in 2007 in the United Kingdom. Parents answered questions about their children’s eating behaviors from the ages of 16 months to 13 years old. Most identical twins share 100% of their genetic material, while non-identical twins do not, which meant the researchers could compare genetic and environmental influences on picky eating across both groups. Researchers found that non-identical twin pairs were much less similar when it came to picky eating than identical twin pairs. This shows that genes have a large influence on how unwilling a child is to try new foods. Picky eating “often causes a lot of stress for the children and their families,” Moritz Herle, one of the study’s lead authors, said. “Our research shows that differences between children’s picky eating can be largely caused by genes, which hopefully will help to reduce some of the blame directed at parents.” The study also found that the environment can, however, have an influence on a child’s food pickiness when they are between one and three years old. This could mean that, if a child is picky at this age, early efforts to help them learn to eat a wider range of food could reduce their pickiness in the future. For example, parents can try to create a relaxed environment around mealtimes. 8. What should be primarily responsible for picky eating according to the new research? A. Foods. B. Genes. C. Age. D. Feeding. 9. What can we learn about each pair of identical twins from paragraph 2? A. They have different genetic material. B. They are more willing to taste new foods. C. They are under varied environmental influences. D. They tend to develop similar preferences for foods. 10. According to Moritz Herle, what will the research help with? A. Food variety. B. Family harmony. C. Child independence. D. Environment protection. 第二节 课内阅读理解(满分10分) (一)单项选择(共3小题;每小题2分，满分6分) 阅读下面文本，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A 11. Going for yum cha or dim sum is a practice that has become increasingly popular in the western world —but what does it mean? Yum cha literally translates to “drink tea”, and it is the practice of going to a restaurant to eat dim sum—bite-sized portions of food, usually steamed or fried. People in southern China go to yum cha with family and friends—it is a time to relax and catch up in a laid-back environment. The most popular time to go for yum cha is late morning—or what is known in the West as brunch. In fact, some say that brunch was inspired by yum cha. It is believed that the custom began thousands of years ago when teahouses started cropping up along the Silk Road to provide rest for weary travellers. Later, it was discovered that tea aids digestion, so teahouse owners started offering snacks with their tea and yum cha was born. From the passage, we know that yum cha is ________. A. a moment for relaxation B. a fast-paced dining experience C. a strictly regulated eating tradition D. a popular custom for the whole day B Last year, Zhang Tian completed his university education and earned his teaching certificate. Like many parents, his own wished for him to pursue a teaching career in a metropolitan area. Similarly, his peers had all migrated to cities like Shanghai or Beijing for job opportunities. Yet, Zhang Tian held a different perspective. He was determined to embark on a new life path. His inspiration came from the remarkable educators he had encountered in rural schools during his early school years, which motivated him to teach in areas where his skills were most desperately required. As a result, he applied to become a volunteer teacher at a rural school and was accepted. Armed with an abundance of books, clothing, and a pair of athletic shoes, Zhang Tian set off for the village with a spirit full of anticipation. He was brimming with excitement about the prospects of self-sufficiency and the adventure of village teaching. However reality did not entirely align with Zhang Tian’s expectations. The school was smaller than he had imagined, with only three classrooms. A playground lay in front of the classrooms, which turned into a dustbowl on windy days and became muddy on rainy ones. Adjusting to village life proved to be more difficult than anticipated. The power and water supplies was unreliable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook. The idea of leaving did cross his mind, but he swiftly dismissed it, instead seeking solutions to overcome these challenges. 12. Why did Zhang Tian become a volunteer teacher in a village school? A. His parents pushed him to do so. B. He failed to land a job in big cities. C. His previous teachers influenced him. D. His friends all chose to work in the village. 13. What can be inferred about Zhang Tian from the passage? A. He is adaptable and resourceful. B. He is easily defeated by difficulties. C. He is athletic and good at basketball. D. He is overly reliant on modern conveniences. (二)语句排序(共2小题;每小题2分，满分4分) 根据所学课文，将下列两个文段重新排序，从A、B、C和D中选择一个最佳选项，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 A 14. 根据所学课文，将下列文段重新排序，从A、B、C和D中选择一个最佳选项，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 ① But Navarro slowed down and let Esteban run ahead of him. ② The audience was amazed at his show of sportsmanship and cheered and clapped for the cyclists. ③ Then, suddenly Esteban got a puncture and he threw his bike over his shoulders and raced towards the finishing line. ④ Ismael Esteban, in third place, was just ahead of his competitor, Agustin Navarro, with only 300 metres to the finishing line. ⑤ Just a few seconds later, fourth-placed Navarro caught up with him. Surely, he could simply overtake Esteban and come third. A. ①③④②⑤ B. ④③⑤①② C. ③②⑤④① D. ①⑤②③④ B 15. 根据所学课文，将下列文段重新排序，从A、B、C和D中选择一个最佳选项，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 ① But did you know that its roots are derived from Fujian Province? ② Perhaps one of the best known Japanese martial arts today is karate. ③ The Chinese migrants used to gather in a park to enjoy cultural activities — one of which was kungfu. ④ This soon caught the attention of local youths, who started learning kung fu from their Chinese neighbours. ⑤ In the 14th century, a community of Chinese migrants from Fujian settled in what was then the kingdom of Okinawa. A. ②①⑤③④ B. ④②①③⑤ C. ③②④①⑤ D. ⑤③①④② 第三节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At 8 pm on a mild spring evening at Carmarthen train station, the Transport for Wales cleaning team are getting ready for work. One of them has recently ____16____ his 80th birthday and after 25 years of cleaning trains, he has no plans to ____17____. William Gwyn Thomas, known as Gwyn, is working as hard as ever. “I love the job and I am really ____18____ to get the trains looking good for the people ____19____ them the next day.” said Gwyn. Gwyn admitted he didn’t think he’d get the Carmarthen job when he applied for it in the late 1990s when he ____20____ from a farm, but he was pleased to find out he’d been ____21____. He said, “It means a lot to me and I didn’t expect I’d still be working at 80.” Gwyn works from 7:30 pm to 2:30 am to ____22____ each carriage (车厢) including the toilets, tables and floors. He admits Saturdays can be the ____23____, with more rubbish left behind, saying, “It’s ____24____ but there is no point ____25____ about it because that’s the job and we just have to ____26____ it. Someone has to get it looking nice for ____27____ again.” The station manager James Nicholas said, “The standard of work Gwyn puts in night after night is a true ___28___ to us all on how to show pride in our ____29____. We’d like to thank Gwyn for everything and to wish him a very happy ____30____.” 16. A. shared B. celebrated C. ruined D. honored 17. A. stop B. return C. cheer D. continue 18. A. moved B. generous C. proud D. thankful 19. A. using B. loading C. leaving D. driving 20. A. came B. escaped C. benefited D. retired 21. A. encouraged B. awarded C. understood D. accepted 22 A. board B. visit C. clean D. repair 23. A. worst B. simplest C. noisiest D. cleanest 24. A. inspiring B. annoying C. boring D. entertaining 25. A. learning B. thinking C. complaining D. dreaming 26. A. get interested in B. get on with C. give in to D. make use of 27. A. audience B. volunteers C. receptionists D. passengers 28. A. example B. excuse C. attempt D. promise 29. A. country B. team C. work D. tradition 30. A. promotion B. retirement C. holiday D. birthday 第三部分 知识基础(共五节，满分50分) 第一节词汇中英匹配(共20小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分) 把下列每组5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，每组有两个多余选项。 把5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 校园 ____31____ 联系 ____32____ 能力 ____33____ 鼓掌 ____34____ 便利的 ____35____ A. case B. clap C charity D. contact E. campus F. convenient G. competence 把5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 禁止____36____ 特定的____37____ 以前的____38____ 原则____39____ 陈述____40____ A. pluse B. prevent C. prohibit D. previous E. principle F. particular G. presentation 把5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 答复____41____ 康复____42____ 移走____43____ 范围____44____ 提醒____45____ A. relief B. range C. remind D. remove E response F. recover G. responsible 把5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 汗水____46____ 加强____47____ 供应____48____ 寻求____49____ 日程表____50____ A. seek B. shift C. sweat D. sweet E. supply F. schedule G. strengthen 第二节 语义匹配(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据句子内容，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的选项。 51. People in this neighborhood are fed up with the constant noise caused by the nightclub. A. are tired of B. are fond of C. are familiar with D. are indifferent to 52. Tom failed in the maths exam yesterday, which made his father hit the roof. A. lonely B. satisfied C. mad D. refreshed 53. Simon is under the weather today so he cannot go to school. A. excited B. unhappy C. surprised D. ill 54. The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. A. partly B. truly C. possibly D. fully 55. They had a frank discussion about the issue. A. deep B. direct C. serious D. patient 56. Administrative work occupies half of my time, leaving me with little energy to pursue my personal hobbies after a long and tiring workday. A. take up B. take in C. take off D. take over 57. I’m really into outdoor activities like hiking and cycling. What kind of recreation do you go in for? A. experiment B. examination C. introduction D. entertainment 58. We played cards to relieve the boredom of the long wait. A. help B. expect C. ease D. enjoy 59. He got cold feet and almost forgot what he was going to say on the stage. A. felt guilty B. got nervous C. stayed calm D. was disappointed 60. After the argument, Jake decided to break the ice by making a joke. A. declare his victory B. make things awkward C. reduce the tension D. continue being angry 第三节 语音知识(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 61. 请选出单词与音标不匹配选项。 A. senior /’siːniə(r)/ B. campus /’kæmpəs/ C. sweat /swiːt/ D. diet /’daɪət/ 请选出划线部分读音不同的单词。 62. A. pack B. gather C. banana D. addict 63. A. crash B. circle C. court D. cake 64. A. their B. thus C. within D. birthday 65. 请选出单词重读音节(用粗体加下划线标记)不正确的一项。 A. expectation B. volunteer C. responsible D. independently 第四节 看音标写单词(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 看音标写单词 66. /'fæməli/ ________ 67. /laɪk/ ________ 68. /'əʊvə(r)/ ________ 69. /pleɪ/ ________ 70. /'stresfl/ ________ 71. /'dʌsti/ ________ 72. /'taːgɪt/ ________ 73. /'ekspɜːt/ ________ 74. /rɪ'liːf/ ________ 75. /'prɒdʒekt/ ________ 第五节 单句语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 根据句意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 76. As the saying goes, “Every minute ________ (count)!” (所给词的适当形式填空) 77. ________ is not surprising that PE is the kids’ favourite subject! (用适当的词填空) 78. The movie was so exciting that it was almost impossible to drag myself away ________ the screen. (用适当的词填空) 79. Power and water supplies there were ________ (stable), so I couldn’t finish my task. (所给词的适当形式填空) 80. Van Gogh is __________(probable) the best-known painter in the world. 81. He invited many friends to his party, but to his ________ (disappoint), only a few showed up. (所给词的适当形式填空) 82. Students with lots of homework can feel very ________ (stress). (所给词的适当形式填空) 83. Nothing gives one more ______ （satisfy） than realizing that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end. （所给词的适当形式填空） 84. When we weren’t playing on the court ________ was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV. (用适当的词填空) 85. For example, it usually takes me 20 minutes ________ (get) home by bus. (所给词的适当形式填空) 86. Aiming to ________ (rich) our school life, the students’ union will hold an English singing competition next Friday evening. (所给词的适当形式填空) 87. When ________ (take) photos during the match, please turn off your flash. (所给词的适当形式填空) 88. He knew I was________ (energy) and dynamic and would get things done. （所给词的适当形式填空） 89. They were about to start the meeting ________ the power went out. (用适当的词填空) 90. ________ (equip) with high technology and a team of educators, our school offers a great learning environment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 91. Everyone can ________________ (为保护环境做出贡献) by reducing waste and using renewable resources. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 92. When she was young, she _______________ (有强烈的愿望) to travel around the world and experience different cultures. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 93. I finally decided to ________________ (报名参加) a local yoga class to improve my flexibility and fitness. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 94. I also hope I will ________________ (培养说英语的自信) and have a happier life in my new school. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 95. I think I ________________ (身体状况很好) because I exercise quite regularly. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 96. They think I’m playing computer games all the time and I ________________ (和网友聊得太多). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 97. The other team just ________________ (跟不上他的速度). He made shot after shot, and the crowd couldn’t stop cheering. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 98. Like any exercise, running ________________ (加速血液流动) and oxygen to your brain. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 99. I _______________ (上课总是很专心) and think actively, so that I can have more free time to do other things that I’m interested in after school. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 100. “Well,” said the coach as he _______________ (拍着Paul的肩膀), “you’ve just earned your place on the team, big guy!” (根据汉语提示完成句子) 第二节 书面表达(满分15分) 101. 假定你是李华，得知你的英国交换生朋友Simon想学乒乓球，请你给他写信推荐一个乒乓球俱乐部，并约定一起练习。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Simon, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 南海区2027届高一上学期学业水平测试 英语试卷 本试卷共12页，笔试部分满分130分，考试时间120分钟。 第一部分 听说考试(独立安排，满分20分) 第二部分 综合运用(共三节，满分45分) 第一节课外阅读理解(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Rohan Chakravarty, a cartoonist from Nagpur, is the creator of Green Humour — a series (系列) of cartoon books focused on wildlife, nature protection. His works bring to life a world where tigers worry about their future and whales throw ocean plastic waste back to humans. Chakravarty was drawn to cartoons, like many children when he was young. Although he would get punished for often drawing on school desks and his textbooks, it didn’t stop him from creating cartoon books based on the cartoons he saw on TV. His turning point came during his first wildlife trip as a volunteer for a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO), where he saw a tiger and was inspired to draw cartoons on wildlife. Originally aiming for a job in medicine, Chakravarty realized it wasn’t his interest. Soon, Chakravarty started working as an animation (动画) designer in a Bengaluru company, and chose cartoons as his medium to communicate serious problems like environmental protection in a more attractive manner. In 2013, Chakravarty started Green Humour, which was published on GoComics, becoming the first Indian cartoon series to reach the world. So far, Chakravarty has published nine books, including Making Friends with Snakes, which has been translated into 14 foreign languages and won a prize at the Green Literature Festival in 2021. As a cartoonist, Chakravarty’s work is not simply saying or drawing something funny, but it relates to a lot of understanding and research. He explained that working with scientists helped him deepen his understanding of wildlife protection and balance humour and hard science. Faced with challenges like losing popularity among young readers and difficulty gaining acceptance from publishers, Chakravarty still continues to create a space for environmental protection through his art, aiming to attract people of all ages to care for the environment. 1. What does Green Humour center on? A. Wildlife service. B. Wildlife research. C. Wildlife protection. D. Wildlife organization. 2. What can we learn about Chakravarty from paragraph 2? A. He preferred TV to cartoon books. B. He disliked going to school. C. He was attracted to cartoon games. D. He was crazy about drawing. 3. What motivated Chakravarty to draw cartoons on wildlife? A. His first wildlife trip. B. His job in medicine. C. His school requirement. D. His interest in volunteering. 4. Which of the following can be used to describe Chakravarty’s works? A Difficult but inspiring. B. Boring but informative. C. Shallow and outdated. D. Interesting and educational. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了来自印度的漫画家Rohan Chakravarty，他通过漫画书系列“绿色幽默”来关注野生动物和自然保护。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Rohan Chakravarty, a cartoonist from Nagpur, is the creator of Green Humour —a series (系列) of cartoon books focused on wildlife, nature protection.(来自那格浦尔的漫画家Rohan Chakravarty，是“绿色幽默”的创作者——这是一本专注于野生动物和自然保护的漫画书系列)”可知，“绿色幽默”关注的是野生动物保护。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Although he would get punished for often drawing on school desks and his textbooks, it didn’t stop him from creating cartoon books based on the cartoons he saw on TV.(虽然因为经常在学校的课桌和教科书上画画而受到惩罚，但这并没有阻止他根据电视上看到的动画片创作漫画书)”可知，Chakravarty对画画很着迷。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“His turning point came during his first wildlife trip as a volunteer for a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO), where he saw a tiger and was inspired to draw cartoons on wildlife.(他的转折点是在他第一次作为非政府组织（NGO）的志愿者参加野生动物旅行时，那次旅行中他看到了老虎，并受到启发画出关于野生动物的漫画)”可知，激励Chakravarty创作野生动物漫画的是他的第一次野生动物旅行。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“As a cartoonist, Chakravarty’s work is not simply saying or drawing something funny, but it relates to a lot of understanding and research. He explained that working with scientists helped him deepen his understanding of wildlife protection and balance humour and hard science. Faced with challenges like losing popularity among young readers and difficulty gaining acceptance from publishers, Chakravarty still continues to create a space for environmental protection through his art, aiming to attract people of all ages to care for the environment.(作为一名漫画家，Chakravarty的作品不仅仅是说或画一些有趣的东西，而是与大量的理解和研究有关。他解释说，与科学家合作帮助他加深了对野生动物保护的理解，并在幽默和硬科学之间取得了平衡。面对在年轻读者中失去人气和难以获得出版认可的挑战，Chakravarty仍然继续通过他的艺术为环境保护创造空间，旨在吸引各个年龄段的人关注环境)”可知，可以用“有趣且具有教育意义”来描述Chakravarty的作品。故选D。 B Most of us are all too familiar with that tired feeling after a restless night. However, some social media users have pushed their tiredness further by taking part in a “no-sleep challenge”. One 19-year-old video creator, Jack, shared his effort live about trying to break a world record for several days in a row without sleep. He finished with 264 hours and 24 minutes without sleep, but it was not enough to beat the 1986 Guinness World Record of 453 hours. Guinness stopped keeping track of this record in 1997 for safety reasons, and they were right — going without sleep for a long time can be very dangerous. Adults should aim for more than seven hours’ sleep per night regularly. Sleep enables many of our bodily systems to rest and recover. During the first three stages of sleep, the nervous system that controls rest and digestion takes over, lowering heart speed and blood pressure. The final stage, the rapid eye movement (REM) stage, is key to functions like creativity, learning, and memory. Lack of sleep can lead to a higher risk of health problems, such as serious sadness, heart problems, and high blood pressure. Even 24 hours without sleep can cause serious problems. Signs of lacking sleep can include tired eyes, feeling angry easily, and wanting more food. On the second day, things get worse, thinking weakens and microsleeps — short moments of sleep lasting around 30 seconds — begin. By day three, people may feel disconnected from reality and have a strong need to sleep. Once into day four of sleeplessness, all signs get much worse, leading to a state where you can’t tell what is real and have a painful desire to sleep. Recovery varies from person to person. For some, a good night’s sleep may be enough, while others may take days or weeks to recover. However, even after catching up on sleep, it often doesn’t fix all the changes in the body caused by a lack of sleep. To stay healthy, avoid social media challenges and instead choose good sleep habits to get your seven to nine hours of quality sleep. Your body will thank you. 5. What do we know about Jack? A. He broke the Guinness World Record. B. He stayed awake for more than 11 days. C. He suffered no harm from the challenge. D. He shared his experience after the event. 6. Why is the REM stage important? A. It improves digestion. B. It increases heart rate. C. It supports certain brain functions. D. It helps with physical growth. 7. What is the best title for the text? A. The Dangers of Lack of Sleep B. Health Benefits of REM Sleep C. Recovery from Sleep Loss D. The No-Sleep Challenge 【答案】5. B 6. C 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了缺乏睡眠对身体造成的危害，强调了充足睡眠的重要性。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“One 19-year-old video creator, Jack, shared his effort live about trying to break a world record for several days in a row without sleep. He finished with 264 hours and 24 minutes without sleep, but it was not enough to beat the 1986 Guinness World Record of 453 hours. (19岁的视频创作者杰克在直播中分享了他连续几天不睡觉试图打破世界纪录的经历。他264小时24分钟没睡觉，但这还不足以打破1986年453小时的吉尼斯世界纪录)”可知，他坚持了264小时24分钟不睡觉，即他连续超过11天没有睡觉。故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The final stage, the rapid eye movement (REM) stage, is key to functions like creativity, learning, and memory. (最后一个阶段，快速眼动（REM）阶段，是创造力、学习和记忆等功能的关键)”可知，该阶段之所以重要是因为它有助于大脑创造力、学习和记忆等功能的发展。故选C项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Guinness stopped keeping track of this record in 1997 for safety reasons, and they were right — going without sleep for a long time can be very dangerous. (出于安全考虑，吉尼斯于1997年停止记录这项纪录，他们是对的——长时间不睡觉是非常危险的)”及第三段“Lack of sleep can lead to a higher risk of health problems, such as serious sadness, heart problems, and high blood pressure. (睡眠不足会导致更高的健康问题风险，比如严重的悲伤、心脏病和高血压)”及第四段“However, even after catching up on sleep, it often doesn’t fix all the changes in the body caused by a lack of sleep. (然而，即使在补觉之后，它通常也不能解决因睡眠不足而导致的身体变化)”并结合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了缺乏睡眠对身体造成的危害。故A项“缺乏睡眠的危害”可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选A项。 C Trying to convince kids to eat their food can be challenging. The tears, the uncontrollable anger — many parents will know the feeling only too well. But those failing to get their child to eat some vegetables can get some relief, as a new study has found that picky eating is largely down to genes (基因), while environmental factors, such as the types of foods eaten at home and where meals are eaten, may only be important when the child is between one and three years old. The research, led by researchers from University College London, King’s College London and the University of Leeds, included more than 2,000 pairs of both identical and non-identical twins born in 2007 in the United Kingdom. Parents answered questions about their children’s eating behaviors from the ages of 16 months to 13 years old. Most identical twins share 100% of their genetic material, while non-identical twins do not, which meant the researchers could compare genetic and environmental influences on picky eating across both groups. Researchers found that non-identical twin pairs were much less similar when it came to picky eating than identical twin pairs. This shows that genes have a large influence on how unwilling a child is to try new foods. Picky eating “often causes a lot of stress for the children and their families,” Moritz Herle, one of the study’s lead authors, said. “Our research shows that differences between children’s picky eating can be largely caused by genes, which hopefully will help to reduce some of the blame directed at parents.” The study also found that the environment can, however, have an influence on a child’s food pickiness when they are between one and three years old. This could mean that, if a child is picky at this age, early efforts to help them learn to eat a wider range of food could reduce their pickiness in the future. For example, parents can try to create a relaxed environment around mealtimes. 8. What should be primarily responsible for picky eating according to the new research? A. Foods. B. Genes. C. Age. D. Feeding. 9. What can we learn about each pair of identical twins from paragraph 2? A. They have different genetic material. B. They are more willing to taste new foods. C. They are under varied environmental influences. D. They tend to develop similar preferences for foods. 10. According to Moritz Herle, what will the research help with? A. Food variety. B. Family harmony. C Child independence. D. Environment protection. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了新研究表明，挑食行为主要由基因决定，环境因素仅在1至3岁间较重要，并提出了减轻家庭压力及早期干预的建议。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第一段中“But those failing to get their child to eat some vegetables can get some relief, as a new study has found that picky eating is largely down to genes (基因), while environmental factors, such as the types of foods eaten at home and where meals are eaten, may only be important when the child is between one and three years old. (但那些无法让孩子吃蔬菜的家长可以松一口气了，因为一项新研究发现，挑食在很大程度上是由基因决定的，而环境因素，如家中吃的食物种类和吃饭地点等，可能只在孩子一到三岁时比较重要)”可知，新的研究发现挑食主要是基因造成的。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Most identical twins share 100% of their genetic material, while non-identical twins do not, which meant the researchers could compare genetic and environmental influences on picky eating across both groups. Researchers found that non-identical twin pairs were much less similar when it came to picky eating than identical twin pairs. This shows that genes have a large influence on how unwilling a child is to try new foods. (大多数同卵双胞胎的基因物质100%相同，而非同卵双胞胎则不同，这意味着研究人员可以比较两组中基因和环境对挑食行为的影响。研究人员发现，在挑食方面，非同卵双胞胎的相似性远低于同卵双胞胎。这表明基因对孩子不愿意尝试新食物有很大影响。)”可知，同卵双胞胎往往会对食物产生相似的偏好。故选D。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Our research shows that differences between children’s picky eating can be largely caused by genes, which hopefully will help to reduce some of the blame directed at parents. (我们的研究表明，孩子挑食的差异很大程度上是由基因引起的，希望这将有助于减少对父母的一些指责。)”可知，Moritz Herle认为这项研究将有助于家庭和谐。故选B。 第二节 课内阅读理解(满分10分) (一)单项选择(共3小题;每小题2分，满分6分) 阅读下面文本，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A 11. Going for yum cha or dim sum is a practice that has become increasingly popular in the western world —but what does it mean? Yum cha literally translates to “drink tea”, and it is the practice of going to a restaurant to eat dim sum—bite-sized portions of food, usually steamed or fried. People in southern China go to yum cha with family and friends—it is a time to relax and catch up in a laid-back environment. The most popular time to go for yum cha is late morning—or what is known in the West as brunch. In fact, some say that brunch was inspired by yum cha. It is believed that the custom began thousands of years ago when teahouses started cropping up along the Silk Road to provide rest for weary travellers. Later, it was discovered that tea aids digestion, so teahouse owners started offering snacks with their tea and yum cha was born. From the passage, we know that yum cha is ________. A. a moment for relaxation B. a fast-paced dining experience C. a strictly regulated eating tradition D. a popular custom for the whole day 【答案】A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了饮茶或吃点心的做法在西方世界越来越流行的现象以及这种习俗的起源和发展。 【详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Yum cha literally translates to ‘drink tea’, and it is the practice of going to a restaurant to eat dim sum—bite-sized portions of food, usually steamed or fried. People in southern China go to yum cha with family and friends—it is a time to relax and catch up in a laid-back environment.(饮茶字面意思是“喝茶”，是一种去餐馆吃点心的方式——小份食物，通常是蒸的或炸的。中国南方的人们与家人和朋友一起去喝茶——这是一段放松和在轻松环境中叙旧的时光)”可知，yum cha 是一个放松的时刻。故选A。 B Last year, Zhang Tian completed his university education and earned his teaching certificate. Like many parents, his own wished for him to pursue a teaching career in a metropolitan area. Similarly, his peers had all migrated to cities like Shanghai or Beijing for job opportunities. Yet, Zhang Tian held a different perspective. He was determined to embark on a new life path. His inspiration came from the remarkable educators he had encountered in rural schools during his early school years, which motivated him to teach in areas where his skills were most desperately required. As a result, he applied to become a volunteer teacher at a rural school and was accepted. Armed with an abundance of books, clothing, and a pair of athletic shoes, Zhang Tian set off for the village with a spirit full of anticipation. He was brimming with excitement about the prospects of self-sufficiency and the adventure of village teaching. However, reality did not entirely align with Zhang Tian’s expectations. The school was smaller than he had imagined, with only three classrooms. A playground lay in front of the classrooms, which turned into a dustbowl on windy days and became muddy on rainy ones. Adjusting to village life proved to be more difficult than anticipated. The power and water supplies was unreliable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook. The idea of leaving did cross his mind, but he swiftly dismissed it, instead seeking solutions to overcome these challenges. 12. Why did Zhang Tian become a volunteer teacher in a village school? A. His parents pushed him to do so. B. He failed to land a job in big cities. C. His previous teachers influenced him. D. His friends all chose to work in the village. 13. What can be inferred about Zhang Tian from the passage? A. He is adaptable and resourceful. B. He is easily defeated by difficulties. C He is athletic and good at basketball. D. He is overly reliant on modern conveniences. 【答案】12. C 13. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Zhang Tian选择到乡村学校做志愿者教师的故事。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“His inspiration came from the remarkable educators he had encountered in rural schools during his early school years, which motivated him to teach in areas where his skills were most desperately required.(他的灵感来自于他早期上学时在农村学校遇到的杰出的教育家，这促使他在最需要他的技能的地区教书。)”可知，Zhang Tian要去乡村学校支教是因为他以前的老师影响了他。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Adjusting to village life proved to be more difficult than anticipated. The power and water supplies was unreliable, so he could only shower every three or four days, and he had to learn how to cook. The idea of leaving did cross his mind, but he swiftly dismissed it, instead seeking solutions to overcome these challenges.(适应乡村生活比预期的要困难得多。电力和水供应不稳定，所以他只能每三四天洗一次澡，他还必须学习如何做饭。离开的想法确实在他脑海中闪过，但他很快就打消了这个念头，转而寻求克服这些挑战的解决方案。)”可知，Zhang Tian适应能力强且足智多谋，故选A。 (二)语句排序(共2小题;每小题2分，满分4分) 根据所学课文，将下列两个文段重新排序，从A、B、C和D中选择一个最佳选项，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 A 14. 根据所学课文，将下列文段重新排序，从A、B、C和D中选择一个最佳选项，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 ① But Navarro slowed down and let Esteban run ahead of him. ② The audience was amazed at his show of sportsmanship and cheered and clapped for the cyclists. ③ Then, suddenly Esteban got a puncture and he threw his bike over his shoulders and raced towards the finishing line. ④ Ismael Esteban, in third place, was just ahead of his competitor, Agustin Navarro, with only 300 metres to the finishing line. ⑤ Just a few seconds later, fourth-placed Navarro caught up with him. Surely, he could simply overtake Esteban and come third. A. ①③④②⑤ B. ④③⑤①② C. ③②⑤④① D. ①⑤②③④ 【答案】B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文片段。文章讲述了在自行车比赛中，Ismael Esteban的自行车爆胎，只好扛着自行车跑，但是后面的选手Navarro并没有乘机超过他，而是跟在后面，他们用各自的行动表达了真正的体育精神。 【详解】根据“④ Ismael Esteban, in third place, was just ahead of his competitor, Agustin Navarro, with only 300 metres to the finishing line.( Ismael Esteban名列第三，在距离终点线只有300米的时候，他刚好领先于他的竞争对手Agustin Navarro)”可知，开篇叙述比赛的情况。根据“③ Then, suddenly Esteban got a puncture and he threw his bike over his shoulders and raced towards the finishing line.(然后，Esteban突然车胎爆了，他把自行车甩到肩上，冲向终点)”可知，选项承接上文说明意外的发生。根据“⑤ Just a few seconds later, fourth-placed Navarro caught up with him. Surely, he could simply overtake Esteban and come third.(几秒钟后，排名第四的Navarro赶上了他。当然，他可以超越Esteban，获得第三名”可知，选项承接上文说明Esteban突然车胎爆使得Navarro赶上了他。根据“① But Navarro slowed down and let Esteban run ahead of him.(但是Navarro放慢了速度，让Esteban跑在他前面)”可知，选项承接上文说明Navarro的做法。根据“② The audience was amazed at his show of sportsmanship and cheered and clapped for the cyclists.(观众对他表现出的体育精神感到震惊，并为骑自行车的选手鼓掌欢呼)”可知，选项承接上文说明观众的反应。故排序为：④③⑤①②。故选B项。 B 15. 根据所学课文，将下列文段重新排序，从A、B、C和D中选择一个最佳选项，构成一个符合逻辑的完整语篇。 ① But did you know that its roots are derived from Fujian Province? ② Perhaps one of the best known Japanese martial arts today is karate. ③ The Chinese migrants used to gather in a park to enjoy cultural activities — one of which was kungfu. ④ This soon caught the attention of local youths, who started learning kung fu from their Chinese neighbours. ⑤ In the 14th century, a community of Chinese migrants from Fujian settled in what was then the kingdom of Okinawa. A. ②①⑤③④ B. ④②①③⑤ C. ③②④①⑤ D. ⑤③①④② 【答案】A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文片段，主要介绍了日本空手道与中国功夫的渊源关系。 【详解】首先，我们需要找到一个合适的开头。句②“Perhaps one of the best known Japanese martial arts today is karate空手道可能是当今日本最著名的武术之一)”作为引入，提到了日本著名的武术——空手道，为后文介绍其与中国的关系做了铺垫，适合作为首句。接着，句①“But did you know that its roots are derived from Fujian Province? (但你知道吗？它的根源来自福建省。)”用转折的方式提出了空手道与福建省的关联，紧跟在句②之后，形成了对空手道起源的探讨。然后，我们需要具体说明空手道和福建省之间的渊源。句⑤“In the 14th century, a community of Chinese migrants from Fujian settled in what was then the kingdom of Okinawa. (14世纪，一群来自福建的中国移民定居在当时的冲绳国)”提到了14世纪福建移民定居在琉球(后成为日本冲绳)，为后文中国功夫传入并影响空手道提供了历史背景，因此应该紧接在句①之后。接下来，句③“The Chinese migrants used to gather in a park to enjoy cultural activities—one of which was kungfu. (中国移民过去常常聚集在一个公园里享受文化活动——其中之一就是功夫)”描述了福建移民在琉球的文化活动，包括练习功夫，这是中国功夫与空手道联系的关键一环，所以应该紧接在句⑤之后。最后，句④“This soon caught the attention of local youths, who started learning kung fu from their Chinese neighbours. (这很快引起了当地年轻人的注意，他们开始向中国邻居学习功夫 )”描述了当地青年开始学习中国移民的功夫，为空手道的形成和发展提供了直接线索，因此应该作为结尾句。故选A项。 第三节 完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 At 8 pm on a mild spring evening at Carmarthen train station, the Transport for Wales cleaning team are getting ready for work. One of them has recently ____16____ his 80th birthday and after 25 years of cleaning trains, he has no plans to ____17____. William Gwyn Thomas, known as Gwyn, is working as hard as ever. “I love the job and I am really ____18____ to get the trains looking good for the people ____19____ them the next day.” said Gwyn. Gwyn admitted he didn’t think he’d get the Carmarthen job when he applied for it in the late 1990s when he ____20____ from a farm, but he was pleased to find out he’d been ____21____. He said, “It means a lot to me and I didn’t expect I’d still be working at 80.” Gwyn works from 7:30 pm to 2:30 am to ____22____ each carriage (车厢) including the toilets, tables and floors. He admits Saturdays can be the ____23____, with more rubbish left behind, saying, “It’s ____24____ but there is no point ____25____ about it because that’s the job and we just have to ____26____ it. Someone has to get it looking nice for ____27____ again.” The station manager James Nicholas said, “The standard of work Gwyn puts in night after night is a true ___28___ to us all on how to show pride in our ____29____. We’d like to thank Gwyn for everything and to wish him a very happy ____30____.” 16. A. shared B. celebrated C. ruined D. honored 17. A. stop B. return C. cheer D. continue 18. A. moved B. generous C. proud D. thankful 19. A. using B. loading C. leaving D. driving 20. A. came B. escaped C. benefited D. retired 21. A. encouraged B. awarded C. understood D. accepted 22. A. board B. visit C. clean D. repair 23. A. worst B. simplest C. noisiest D. cleanest 24. A. inspiring B. annoying C. boring D. entertaining 25. A. learning B. thinking C. complaining D. dreaming 26. A. get interested in B. get on with C. give in to D. make use of 27. A. audience B. volunteers C. receptionists D. passengers 28. A. example B. excuse C. attempt D. promise 29. A. country B. team C. work D. tradition 30. A. promotion B. retirement C. holiday D. birthday 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. D 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了80岁的威廉·格温·托马斯退休后仍然从事清洁火车的工作，为他人树立了榜样。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个最近庆祝了他的80岁生日，在清洁火车25年之后，他没有停下来的打算。A. shared分享；B. celebrated庆祝；C. ruined毁灭；D. honored尊重。根据后文“his 80th birthday”指庆祝生日，故选B。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中一个最近庆祝了他的80岁生日，在清洁火车25年之后，他没有停下来的打算。A. stop停止；B. return返回；C. cheer欢呼；D. continue继续。根据后文“William Gwyn Thomas, known as Gwyn, is working as hard as ever.(威廉·格温·托马斯，人称格温，一如既往地努力工作)”可知，他没有停下来的打算。故选A。 【18题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我喜欢这份工作，我真的很自豪能让第二天乘坐火车的人看到漂亮的火车。”格温说。A. moved感动的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. thankful感谢的。根据后文“to get the trains looking good”可知，他为这份工作而骄傲。后文“how to show pride”也是提示。故选C。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我喜欢这份工作，我真的很自豪能让第二天乘坐火车的人看到漂亮的火车。”格温说。A. using使用；B. loading装载；C. leaving离开；D. driving驾驶。根据后文“them the next day”指让乘客，即使用火车的人看到漂亮的火车。故选A。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：格温承认，上世纪90年代末，当他从一个农场退休后申请卡马森的工作时，他没想到自己会得到这份工作，但他很高兴发现自己被录用了。A. came来；B. escaped逃走；C. benefited受益；D. retired退休。根据后文“I’d still be working at 80”可知，他已经80岁了，之前从农场退休了。故选D。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：格温承认，上世纪90年代末，当他从一个农场退休后申请卡马森的工作时，他没想到自己会得到这份工作，但他很高兴发现自己被录用了。A. encouraged鼓励；B. awarded奖励；C. understood理解；D. accepted招收，录用，接受。根据后文“Gwyn works from 7:30 pm to 2:30 am”可知，格温被录用了。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：格温从晚上7:30工作到凌晨2:30，清洁每节车厢，包括厕所、桌子和地板。A. board登上；B. visit参观；C. clean清理；D. repair修理。根据上文“At 8 pm on a mild spring evening at Carmarthen train station, the Transport for Wales cleaning team are getting ready for work. ”可知，格温负责清洁车厢的工作。故选C。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他承认周六可能是最糟糕的，垃圾会更多，他说：“这很烦人，但抱怨没有意义，因为这是我们的工作，我们必须继续下去。”A. worst最糟糕的；B. simplest最简单的；C. noisiest最吵闹的；D. cleanest最干净的。根据后文“with more rubbish left behind”可知，周六垃圾更多，是最糟糕的，故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他承认周六可能是最糟糕的，垃圾会更多，他说：“这很烦人，但抱怨没有意义，因为这是我们的工作，我们必须继续下去。”A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. annoying令人恼火的；C. boring无聊的；D. entertaining使人愉快的。根据上文“with more rubbish left behind”可知，周六垃圾多，令人恼火。故选B。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他承认周六可能是最糟糕的，垃圾会更多，他说：“这很烦人，但抱怨没有意义，因为这是我们的工作，我们必须继续下去。”A. learning学习；B. thinking思考；C. complaining抱怨；D. dreaming梦想。根据上文“with more rubbish left behind”可知，周六垃圾多，让人恼火，但抱怨没有意义，故选C。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他承认周六可能是最糟糕，垃圾会更多，他说：“这很烦人，但抱怨没有意义，因为这是我们的工作，我们必须继续下去。”A. get interested in感兴趣；B. get on with继续做；C. give in to屈服于；D. make use of利用。根据上文“because that’s the job and we just have to”可知，因为是自己的工作，所以要继续做下去。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：必须有人把它重新美化一下，以供乘客使用。A. audience观众；B. volunteers志愿者；C. receptionists接待员；D. passengers乘客。根据上文“Someone has to get it looking nice”和常识可知，美化车厢是为了乘客使用方便。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：车站经理詹姆斯·尼古拉斯说：“格温夜以继日的工作水准对我们所有人来说都是一个真正的榜样，告诉我们如何为自己的工作感到自豪。”A. example例子；B. excuse借口；C. attempt尝试；D. promise承诺。根据上文“The standard of work Gwyn puts in night after night is a true”可知，格温的工作水准成为了其他人的榜样。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：车站经理詹姆斯·尼古拉斯说：“格温夜以继日的工作水准对我们所有人来说都是一个真正的榜样，告诉我们如何为自己的工作感到自豪。”A. country国家；B. team队伍；C. work工作；D. tradition传统。根据上文“The standard of work Gwyn”可知，此处指为自己的工作而自豪。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们要感谢格温所做的一切，并祝他生日快乐。A. promotion提拔；B. retirement退休；C. holiday假日；D. birthday生日。根据上文“his 80th birthday”可知，此处指祝贺对方生日快乐。故选D。 第三部分 知识基础(共五节，满分50分) 第一节词汇中英匹配(共20小题;每小题0.5分，满分10分) 把下列每组5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，每组有两个多余选项。 把5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 校园 ____31____ 联系 ____32____ 能力 ____33____ 鼓掌 ____34____ 便利的 ____35____ A. case B. clap C. charity D. contact E. campus F. convenient G. competence 【答案】31. E 32. D 33. G 34. B 35. F 【解析】 【31题详解】 表示“校园”为名词campus，故选E。 【32题详解】 表示“联系”为名词或动词contact，故选D。 【33题详解】 表示“能力”为名词competence，故选G。 【34题详解】 表示“鼓掌”为动词clap，故选B。 【35题详解】 表示“便利的”为形容词convenient，故选F。 把5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 禁止____36____ 特定的____37____ 以前的____38____ 原则____39____ 陈述____40____ A. pluse B. prevent C. prohibit D. previous E. principle F. particular G. presentation 【答案】36. C 37. F 38. D 39. E 40. G 【解析】 【36题详解】 “禁止”，动词，其英文表达prohibit。故选C项。 【37题详解】 “特定的”，形容词，其英文表达为particular。故选F项。 【38题详解】 “以前的”，形容词，其英文表达为previous。故选D项。 【39题详解】 “原则”，名词，其英文表达为principle。故选E项。 【40题详解】 “陈述”，名词，其英文表达为presentation。故选G项。 把5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 答复____41____ 康复____42____ 移走____43____ 范围____44____ 提醒____45____ A. relief B. range C. remind D. remove E. response F. recover G. responsible 【答案】41. E 42. F 43. D 44. B 45. C 【解析】 【41题详解】 “答复”的英文表达是response。故选E项。 【42题详解】 “康复”的英文表达是recover。故选F项。 【43题详解】 “移走”的英文表达是remove。故选D项。 【44题详解】 “范围”的英文表达是range。故选B项。 【45题详解】 “提醒”的英文表达是remind。故选C项。 把5个中文词语与英文单词匹配，有两个多余选项。 汗水____46____ 加强____47____ 供应____48____ 寻求____49____ 日程表____50____ A. seek B. shift C. sweat D. sweet E. supply F. schedule G. strengthen 【答案】46. C 47. G 48. E 49. A 50. F 【解析】 【46题详解】 “汗水”的英文表达是sweat。故选C项。 【47题详解】 “加强”的英文表达是strengthen。故选G项。 【48题详解】 “供应”的英文表达是supply。故选E项。 【49题详解】 “寻求”的英文表达是seek。故选A项。 【50题详解】 “日程表”的英文表达是schedule。故选F项。 第二节 语义匹配(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 根据句子内容，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出与句中划线部分意义最接近的选项。 51. People in this neighborhood are fed up with the constant noise caused by the nightclub. A. are tired of B. are fond of C. are familiar with D. are indifferent to 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：这个社区的人受够了夜总会不断发出的噪音。A. are tired of厌倦；B. are fond of喜欢；C. are familiar with熟悉；D. are indifferent to对……漠不关心。由“the constant noise caused by the nightclub”可知，句子表示“这个社区的人受够了夜总会不断发出的噪音”，are fed up with的意思是“对……感到厌烦”，和are tired of意思相近。故选A。 52. Tom failed in the maths exam yesterday, which made his father hit the roof. A. lonely B. satisfied C. mad D. refreshed 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：汤姆昨天数学考试不及格，这使他父亲勃然大怒。A. lonely孤独的；B. satisfied满意的；C. mad生气的；D. refreshed恢复精神的。短语hit the roof表示“生气的”，与C选项意思一致。故选C。 53. Simon is under the weather today so he cannot go to school. A. excited B. unhappy C. surprised D. ill 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Simon今天身体不适，所以他不能去上学。A. excited激动的；B. unhappy不高兴的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. ill生病的。根据so he cannot go to school可知，他不能去上学，可推知Simon今天身体不适，故短语under the weather指的是某人身体不舒服、生病的状态。故选D。 54. The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. A. partly B. truly C. possibly D. fully 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这场火灾完全是由他们的失职造成的。A. partly部分地；B. truly真实地；C. possibly可能地；D. fully完全地。句中副词entirely意为“完全地”，与副词fully意义相近，在句中强调没有其它原因。故选D项。 55. They had a frank discussion about the issue. A. deep B. direct C. serious D. patient 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们对这个问题进行了坦率的讨论。A. deep深的；深刻的；B. direct直接的；C. serious严肃的；严重的；D. patient有耐心的。划线词frank在句中为“坦率的；直率的”之意，与选择项B含义一致。故选B。 56. Administrative work occupies half of my time, leaving me with little energy to pursue my personal hobbies after a long and tiring workday. A. take up B. take in C. take off D. take over 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：行政工作占据了我一半的时间，使我在漫长而疲惫的工作日之后几乎没有精力去追求自己的爱好。A. take up占据（时间或空间）；B. take in吸收，理解；C. take off起飞，脱掉；D. take over接管。根据half of my time, leaving me with little energy to pursue my personal hobbies after a long and tiring workday.可知，此处表示“占据（时间）”，与take up同义。故选A。 57. I’m really into outdoor activities like hiking and cycling. What kind of recreation do you go in for? A. experiment B. examination C. introduction D. entertainment 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常喜欢户外活动，比如徒步旅行和骑自行车。你喜欢什么娱乐活动？A. experiment实验；B. examination审查，调查；C. introduction介绍；D. entertainment娱乐。句中划线词recreation表示“消遣，娱乐”，与entertainment同义。故选D项。 58. We played cards to relieve the boredom of the long wait. A. help B. expect C. ease D. enjoy 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们打牌来缓解长时间等待带来的无聊。A. help帮助；B. expect期待；C. ease缓解；D. enjoy欣赏。根据后文“the boredom of the long wait”可知，此处指缓解无聊，relieve与C选项意思一致。故选C。 59. He got cold feet and almost forgot what he was going to say on the stage. A. felt guilty B. got nervous C. stayed calm D. was disappointed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他感到紧张，差点忘了在台上要说的话。根据almost forgot what he was going to say on the stage可知，他感到紧张，且“got cold feet”意思是“感到非常紧张或害怕”。A. felt guilty感到内疚；B. got nervous变得紧张；C. stayed calm保持冷静；D. was disappointed感到失望。故选B。 60. After the argument, Jake decided to break the ice by making a joke. A. declare his victory B. make things awkward C. reduce the tension D. continue being angry 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：争论之后，Jake决定通过开玩笑来缓和气氛。A. declare his victory宣布胜利；B. make things awkward使事情变得尴尬；C. reduce the tension缓解紧张气氛；D. continue being angry继续生气。结合by making a joke可知，通过开玩笑，Jake的目的是为了缓和紧张气氛，break the ice的含义为“缓解紧张气氛”。故选C。 第三节 语音知识(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分) 61. 请选出单词与音标不匹配的选项。 A. senior /’siːniə(r)/ B. campus /’kæmpəs/ C. sweat /swiːt/ D. diet /’daɪət/ 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查音标。A. senior级别/地位高的，资深的；B. campus校园；C. sweat汗水，流汗；D. diet饮食。其中C选项错误，正确音标为/swet/。故选C。 请选出划线部分读音不同的单词。 62. A. pack B. gather C. banana D. addict 63. A. crash B. circle C. court D. cake 64. A. their B. thus C. within D. birthday 【答案】62. C 63. B 64. D 【解析】 【62题详解】 考查语音。选项A. pack中的a发音为/æ/，选项B. gather中的a发音为/æ/，选项C. banana中的a发音为/ə/，选项D. addict中的a发音为/æ/。选项C划线部分发音为/ə/，而其他选项划线部分发音均为/æ/。故选C。   【63题详解】 考查语音。选项A. crash中的c发音为/k/，选项B. circle中的c发音为/s/， 选项C. court中的c发音为/k/， 选项D. cake中的c发音为/k/。选项B划线部分发音为/s/，而其他选项划线部分发音均为/k/，故选B。 【64题详解】 考查语音。选项A. their中的th发音为/ð/，选项B. thus中的th发音为/ð/，选项C. within中的th发音为/ð/，选项D. birthday中的th发音为/θ/。故选A。选项D划线部分发音为/θ/，而其他选项划线部分发音均为/ð/，故选D。 65. 请选出单词重读音节(用粗体加下划线标记)不正确的一项。 A. expectation B. volunteer C. responsible D. independently 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查单词的读音。A项expectation的读音为：[ekspekˈteɪʃn]；B项volunteer的读音为：[ˌvɒlənˈtɪə(r)]；C项responsible的读音为：[rɪˈspɒnsəbl]；D项independently的读音为：[ˌɪndɪ'pendəntlɪ]。其中A项expectation的读音，重音在ta，不在pec，故重读音节标记错误，故选A。 第四节 看音标写单词(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分) 看音标写单词 66. /'fæməli/ ________ 67. /laɪk/ ________ 68. /'əʊvə(r)/ ________ 69. /pleɪ/ ________ 70. /'stresfl/ ________ 71. /'dʌsti/ ________ 72. /'taːgɪt/ ________ 73. /'ekspɜːt/ ________ 74. /rɪ'liːf/ ________ 75. /'prɒdʒekt/ ________ 【答案】66. family 67. like 68. over 69. play 70. stressful 71. dusty 72. target 73. expert 74. relief 75. project 【解析】 【66题详解】 音标/'fæməli/的单词是family。故填family。 【67题详解】 音标/laɪk/的单词是like。故填like。 【68题详解】 音标/'əʊvə(r)/的单词是over。故填over。 【69题详解】 音标/pleɪ/的单词是play。故填play。 【70题详解】 音标/'stresfl/的单词是stressful。故填stressful。 【71题详解】 音标/'dʌsti/的单词是dusty。故填dusty。 【72题详解】 音标/'taːgɪt/的单词是target。故填target。 【73题详解】 音标/'ekspɜːt/的单词是expert。故填expert。 【74题详解】 音标/rɪ'liːf/的单词是relief。故填relief。 【75题详解】 音标/'prɒdʒekt/的单词是project。故填project。 第五节 单句语法填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 根据句意，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 76. As the saying goes, “Every minute ________ (count)!” (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】counts 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：俗话说：“分秒必争！”句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Every minute为第三人称单数，谓语count“有重要性”也用第三人称单数形式。故填counts。 77. ________ is not surprising that PE is the kids’ favourite subject! (用适当的词填空) 【答案】It 【解析】 【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：体育是孩子们最喜欢的科目，这并不奇怪！空处缺主语，根据句意及所给句子可知，句子主语为that引导的主语从句，此处缺少形式主语it，位于句首，首字母大写。故填It。 78. The movie was so exciting that it was almost impossible to drag myself away ________ the screen. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：电影是如此有趣，以至于想要让我自己远离电影屏幕是不可能的。根据句意可知，此处意为“使某人远离……”，表达为drag sb. away from，故此处应用介词from，故填from。 79. Power and water supplies there were ________ (stable), so I couldn’t finish my task. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】unstable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：这里的水电供应不稳定，因此我无法完成我的任务。根据后文“so I couldn’t finish my task”可知，我无法完成任务是因为水电供应不稳定，故应用形容词“unstable不稳定的”作表语，故填unstable。 80. Van Gogh is __________(probable) the best-known painter in the world. 【答案】probably 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：梵高可能是世界上最著名的画家。此处应用副词修饰整个句子，故填probably。 81. He invited many friends to his party, but to his ________ (disappoint), only a few showed up. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disappointment 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他邀请了许多朋友参加他的聚会，但令他失望的是，只有几个人来了。此处为名词作宾语，disappoint的名词为disappointment意为“失望”，to one’s disappointment为固定短语“令某人失望的是”，满足句意要求。故填disappointment。 82. Students with lots of homework can feel very ________ (stress). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】stressed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：有很多作业的学生会感到压力很大。作表语，修饰人，用形容词stressed。故填stressed。 83. Nothing gives one more ______ （satisfy） than realizing that all the sweat and hard work were worth it in the end. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】satisfaction 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：没有什么比意识到所有的汗水和努力最终都是值得的更让人满足的了。give 后接名词作宾语，satisfy的名词为satisfaction，不可数名词。故填satisfaction。 84. When we weren’t playing on the court ________ was next to our building, we were watching a game on TV. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】that##which 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当我们不在我们大楼旁边的球场上打球时，我们就在电视上看比赛。句中先行词为court ，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 85. For example, it usually takes me 20 minutes ________ (get) home by bus. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to get 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，我通常需要20分钟乘公共汽车回家。本句谓语为takes，此处为非谓语动词，“it takes sb+时间+to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“某人花费多少时间做某事”，it为形式主语，不定式作真正的主语，本空用get“到达”的不定式，作主语。故填to get。 86. Aiming to ________ (rich) our school life, the students’ union will hold an English singing competition next Friday evening. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】enrich 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：为了丰富我们的校园生活，学生会将在下周五晚上举办一场英语歌唱比赛。位于不定式符号to后，动词用原形，形容词rich转换为动词enrich“使丰富”，符合题意。故填enrich。 87. When ________ (take) photos during the match, please turn off your flash. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】taking 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：在比赛期间拍照时，请关闭闪光灯。take photos意为“拍照”。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时或从句主语为it时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。逗号后为祈使句，省略了主语you，故when引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语you和系动词are，故从句描述正在发生的动作，时态用现在进行时。本句中的时间状语从句完整句子应为“When you are taking photos”，省略主语you are后，保留现在分词形式。故填taking。 88. He knew I was________ (energy) and dynamic and would get things done. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】energetic 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他知道我精力充沛，充满活力，能把事情做好。空处和形容词dynamic并列，应填形容词作表语，energetic精力充沛的，故填energetic。 89. They were about to start the meeting ________ the power went out. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】when 【解析】 【详解】考查时间状语从句。句意：他们正要开始开会，突然停电了。此处为固定句型be about to do...when...意为“ 正要做……这时……”，所以此处使用连词when。故填when。 90. ________ (equip) with high technology and a team of educators, our school offers a great learning environment. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Equipped 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们学校配备了高科技和一支教育团队，提供了一个良好的学习环境。句中已有谓语动词offers，空处需填非谓语动词，our school与equip之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，作状语，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Equipped。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分) 第一节 完成句子(共10小题;每小题2分，满分20分) 91. Everyone can ________________ (为保护环境做出贡献) by reducing waste and using renewable resources. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】do their part to protect the environment 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语、非谓语动词。句意：每个人都可以通过减少浪费和使用可再生资源为保护环境做出贡献。表示“尽自己的一份力量做某事，做出自己的贡献做某事”用do one’s part to do sth.，位于情态动词can后，do用原形。根据主语Everyone可知，用形容词性物主代词their。表示“保护环境”用protect the environment，位于不定式符号to后，用动词原形。故填do their part to protect the environment。 92. When she was young, she _______________ (有强烈的愿望) to travel around the world and experience different cultures. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】had a strong desire 【解析】 【详解】考查动词和名词。句意：当她年轻的时候，她有强烈的愿望，想周游世界，体验不同的文化。“有”用动词have表示，根据“she was young”可知，句子描述过去的事实，应用一般过去时，“强烈的愿望”表示为a strong desire。故填had a strong desire。 93. I finally decided to ________________ (报名参加) a local yoga class to improve my flexibility and fitness. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】sign up for 【解析】 【详解】考查短语。句意：我最终决定报名参加当地的瑜伽班，以提高我的柔韧性和健康。sign up for报名参加。decide to do sth.决定做某事。根据汉语提示及句意，故填sign up for。 94. I also hope I will ________________ (培养说英语的自信) and have a happier life in my new school. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】develop confidence in speaking English##build confidence in speaking English 【解析】 【详解】考查名词，时态和动名词。句意：我也希望我能培养说英语的自信，并在新学校过得更快乐。“培养”是develop或build，will后跟动词原形，时态是一般将来时，“……的自信”是confidence in，confidence是不可数名词，“说英语”是speak English，用动名词speaking作宾语，因此空格处是develop/build confidence in speaking English。故填develop/build confidence in speaking English。 95. I think I ________________ (身体状况很好) because I exercise quite regularly. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】am in good shape 【解析】 【详解】考查短语。句意：我认为我的身体状况很好，因为我经常锻炼。be in good shape身体状况很好。根据从句时态可知，用一般现在时。故填am in good shape。 96. They think I’m playing computer games all the time and I ________________ (和网友聊得太多). (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】chat too much with online friends 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：他们认为我一直在玩电脑游戏，而且我和网友们聊得太多了。“和某人聊天”是chat with sb.，“太多”是too much，“网友”是online friend，friend用复数，句子描述现在的事实，时态用一般现在时，主语是I，chat用原形，因此空格处是chat too much with online friends。故填chat too much with online friends。 97. The other team just ________________ (跟不上他的速度). He made shot after shot, and the crowd couldn’t stop cheering. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】couldn’t keep up with his speed 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语和名词。句意：对方球队就是跟不上他的速度。他投进了一个又一个球，观众们不停地欢呼。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语keep up with“赶得上”的否定意义，can’t keep up with表示“跟不上”，结合后面动词made可知，此处can’t为一般过去时。表示“他的速度”为名词his speed。故填couldn’t keep up with his speed。 98. Like any exercise, running ________________ (加速血液流动) and oxygen to your brain. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】increases the flow of blood##speeds up the flow of blood 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和名词。句意：像任何运动一样，跑步加速血液流动并向大脑输送氧气。表示“增加”用increase，或表示“加速”用speed up，本句描述科学事实，句子时态用一般现在时，主语running为第三人称单数，谓语用第三人称单数。表示“血液流动”用the flow of blood，作宾语。故填increases the flow of blood或speeds up the flow of blood。 99. I _______________ (上课总是很专心) and think actively, so that I can have more free time to do other things that I’m interested in after school. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】am always attentive in all classes 【解析】 【详解】考查时态、形容词、名词。句意：我在所有的课上都很专心，积极思考，这样我就可以有更多的空闲时间去做我感兴趣的其他事情。本句描述经常或习惯性动作，时态用一般现在时，主语为I，be动词用am。表示“总是”用always。表示“专心的”用形容词attentive，作表语。表示“课程”用class，用复数表示多节课程。表示“在所有课程中”用in all classes。故翻译为am always attentive in all classes。 100. “Well,” said the coach as he _______________ (拍着Paul的肩膀), “you’ve just earned your place on the team, big guy!” (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】hit Paul on the shoulder 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：“好了，”教练拍了拍保罗的肩膀说，“你已经赢得了你在球队的位置，大个子！”根据汉语提示可知短语为hit sb. on the shoulder，根据上文said可知为一般过去时。故填hit Paul on the shoulder。 第二节 书面表达(满分15分) 101. 假定你是李华，得知你的英国交换生朋友Simon想学乒乓球，请你给他写信推荐一个乒乓球俱乐部，并约定一起练习。 注意： 1. 写作词数应为80左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Simon, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Simon, I’m glad to hear you’re interested in learning table tennis! I’d like to recommend the “Sunshine Table Tennis Club” to you. It’s located in the city center, offering professional coaches and well-equipped facilities. Many beginners have made great progress there. We can practice together on weekends. I can help you with some basic skills, making your learning process smoother. How about meeting this Saturday at 3 p.m.? I believe you’ll enjoy playing table tennis as much as I do. Looking forward to your reply and practicing with you soon! Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。英国交换生朋友Simon想学乒乓球，要求考生按照要求给他写信推荐一个乒乓球俱乐部，并约定一起练习。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴的：glad → delighted 对……感兴趣：be interested in → be enthusiastic about 专业的：professional → specialized 相信：believe → be convinced 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：I’m glad to hear you’re interested in learning table tennis! 拓展句：Hearing you’re interested in learning table tennis, I’m glad! 【点睛】【高分句型1】I’m glad to hear you’re interested in learning table tennis!（运用了省略引导词that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】It’s located in the city center, offering professional coaches and well-equipped facilities.（运用了现在分词短语作状语） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$