专题04 语法选择解题方法及专项训练-2024-2025学年八年级英语上学期期末复习（沪教牛津版）

专题04 语法选择解题方法及专项训练 考点分布 “语法选择”的主要考点分布:冠词、名词的单复数、动词时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较等级、代词、连词、介词、非谓语动词、同根词、定语从句、状语从句和宾语从句等。 一、语法选择常考语法点 1.考冠词： a/an ： 第一次提到；泛指； 单词读音第一个音为元音时（an）,辅音时（a）；固搭； the ： 第二次提到；特指； 固定搭配； play the +西洋乐器， the +序数词； /（不填）：固定搭配；play + 球类 2.考数词： ① seven-year-old; two-meter-long; （数词做形容词用法） ② five hundred/thousand/million/billion （具体数值后面不需要+s） hundreds of / thousands of/millions of /billions of (表示概数时用of 结构) 3.考名词： ① 主谓一致（名词单复数与后面的动词的形式（三单，原形）保持一致） ② 可数名词与不可数名词的区别，修饰语等 two cups of coffee/tea 4.考代词： ① many + n 复数 much + 不可数名词 ② a number of + n复数 a great amount of / a great deal of + 不可数名词 ③ little/a little/few/a few 否定意义：little + 不可数名词 few + 可数名词复数 肯定意义： a little + 不可数名词 a few + 可数名词复数 ④ Other/another/the other/others/the others 1）other + 名词复数 another + 名词单数（表三者或者三者以上 另一个） 2）others 后面不能加名词 others = other + 名词复数 3）one…. The other…. 一个…. 另一个…..(两者之间) some…. Others…. 一些….. 另一些…… 4）other （无范围）与 the other （有范围） others （无范围）与 the others （有范围） ⑤ 不定代词something、everything、anything、nothing + 形容词 ⑥ 人称代词 1）主语用主格 2）动词/介词后用宾格； 3）空格后有名词，用形容词性物主代词，没有名词则用名词性物主代词； 名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词 + 具体的名词 4）反身代词常考 enjoy oneself / help yourself / dress oneself / teach oneself； 5. 考形容词/副词 ① -ed是修饰人，-ing是修饰事物 ② 形容词修饰名词，副词（一般以ly 结尾）修饰动词，副词修饰形容词 ③ 出现than, 用比较级 ④ 出现 as…. as 结构，用形容词/副词原级 ⑤ one of + adj最高级+ n 复数 6.考介词 ① 时间介词 at: 用于具体时刻、节日前，例如：at 8:00，at Christmas. 固定搭配：at noon, at night in: 用于世纪、年、季节、月份等不具体的时间前，例如：in 2011 固定搭配：in the morning/afternoon/evening on: 用于具体的某一天，或具体的早上、下午、晚上; 星期。 on the afternoon of May 5th on a cold day， on Monday/ Tuesday … for/since: 后面+一段时间，现在完成时的标志 ② 其它介词 with:与...一起，和...；带着...，有...的；以(手段、材料)，用(工具) without: 没有。 by + 交通工具 ③ 介词+ doing after/before doing; in doing ; for doing … 7.考连词 but/however：表示转折关系；(but后无逗号； however, 后须有逗号) so/therefore/thus：表示因果关系； or：或者、否则之意。 and：表示并列关系； though/although：表示虽然……但是，不能与but连用。 all：表示全部都，用于三者以上； none: 表示没有人，用于三者或三者以上（侧重指人，表否定） both...and：表示两者都； either...or：表示两者之一（选择）； neither...nor：表示两者中没有一个； either: 用于句末，表示两者的否定 too: 用于句末，表示两者的肯定 also: 用于句中，表示也 8.考动词： 一看：有无时态标志； 单复数标志； 二看：空格前有无情态动词（情态动词+do）、介词 （介词+Ving） 三看：并列结构；有无and/or （如有则观察and/or前或后的动词形式，答案选项的形式要与其保持一致） 四看：固定搭配，如make/let sb do sth , see sb do/doing sth 等 9.考被动语态 被动语态： be (is/are/am/was/were) + done（过去分词） 含有情态动词的被动语态： should/must/can/could/may/might……be done 10. 考定语从句： 跟在名词/代词后面，修饰名词/代词 修饰人：who 修饰物：which 11. 考宾语从句： 跟在谓语后面 三要素： ① 引导词 ② 时态 当主句为一般现在时时，从句可以为任何时态； 当主句为一般过去时时，从句必须用过去时态； 当从句为表示客观事实，真理时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时； ③ 语序：陈序语序 12. 考词性 -tion 一般为名词后缀 separation, selection, -ness 一般为名词后缀 calmness -ly 一般为副词后缀 luckily, fortunately, -ful 一般为形容词后缀 careful, -ing/-ed 一般为形容词后缀 -ing形容的是物； -ed形容的是人 13. 固定搭配 pick up 捡起 wait for 等待 deal with 处理 think of 思考 look ahead向前看，预测未来 look out小心 look on冷眼旁观 look up仰望；查阅；拜访 be pleased with对….满意 be worried about担忧/心 be satisfied with 对….满意 be amazed at对….惊讶 clear away清除 send away发送，派遣 turn away拒绝 give away赠送，泄露 throw away扔掉 look for 寻找 look up 仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访 look back 回顾；回头看 look out 注意；小心；面朝；照料 look down 俯视；向下看 look down upon 看不起 look after 照顾 look at 看 be made of... 由……制成（看得见的材料） be made from... 由……制成（看不见的材料） be made in...产于/制于某地 make up 构成，化妆 make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 解题方法 方法一:上下文推断法 根据上下文的提示或暗示,体验语境和作者的情感态度,结合语法知识,选出符合场景的最佳选项。 例1　Judie’s class was studying Chinese culture.One day, her teacher went into the classroom　31　 some kites.  31.A.to B.in C.with D.by 例2　He told them that kites 　32　 in China more than 2,000 years ago.At the end of the class, he said,“The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them...”  32.A.invent B.invented C.are invented D.were invented 例3You will have a 　34　 understanding of kites than before.  34.A.good B.better C.best D.the best 例4“What do you think of when you see a kite?” her dad asked. Judie thought for a moment and 　36　, “Butterflies.”  36.A.answers B.answered C.will answer D.has answered 例5　Judie’s dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite.They made a cross with some wood sticks,　37　 then Judie painted a butterfly on a piece of white paper.Next they stuck the paper on the cross. Finally they tied a long tail to the bottom.  37.A.and B.but C.or D.so 例6　Judie’s dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite…Next they stuck the paper on the cross.Finally they tied a long tail to the bottom. The next morning, they took 　38　 kite to the park and tested it.  38.A.a B.an C.the D.\ 例7　“Judie, can you tell me 　40　 you like butterflies?” asked her dad.  Judie replied, “To me, butterflies mean beauty and freedom!” 40.A.why B.which C.what D.when 方法二:句子成分分析法 分析句子的各个成分,结合语法知识,补充句子所缺的成分。语法选择中常考的句子成分:谓语(表示做动作的词)、宾语(动作的承受者)、定语(修饰性质的词)、状语(时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件等)。 例1　Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 　35　 first time to make a kite.  “What do you think of when you see a kite?” her dad asked. 35.A.her B.herself C.hers D.she 例2　The children hold their books close as they say good-bye and run home 　12　.David and his donkeys head back, over and around the hills, and into the sunset.  12.A.cheer B.cheerful C.cheerfully D.more cheerful 方法三:固定搭配 结合上下文并利用动词短语、介词短语、常用句型的固定搭配来直接选择答案。 例1　At the end of the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them.I expect each of you 　33　 a kite that means something important to you…  33.A.make B.to make C.making D.made 例2　“Wow!” she cried proudly. “　39　 high my butterfly flies!”  39.A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 易错点1　如何判断形容词或副词的比较等级 You will have a 　34 understanding of kites than before.  A.good　 B.better　 C.best　 D.the best 易错点2　如何区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 　35　 first time to make a kite.  A.her　 B.herself　 C.hers　 D.she 1.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）On 8 February, 2005, Ellen MacArthur arrived back in England after sailing around the world. She was 1 person to sail around the world alone. It took her 71 days, 14 hours, 18 minutes and 35 seconds 2 the journey. To make the journey shorter, she kept 3 without any stop on land. She was just 28 years old then. Around 8,000 people were waiting at the harbour to say congratulations to her when she finished her amazing journey. She left England on 28 November 2004, and travelled around 43 countries. “I 4 a long time preparing both my body and my mind for it since I decided to do it,” said Ellen MacArthur before she started her long journey. During the journey, she only let herself sleep for 5 minutes every time. That’s because she had to make sure that 6 bad was happening to the boat. As she didn’t have any 7 people to talk to, the 71 days must have been very lonely (孤独的). She had 8 small cooker to heat the cold meals. She had to sail 9 to keep safe. She faced dangerous storms from time to time, but she never thought of giving up. Ellen is now famous all over the world. Her story shows us that you may not succeed 10 you face challenges bravely and never give up. 1．A．quick B．quicker C．the quickest D．quickest 2．A．finish B．to finish C．finishing D．finished 3．A．going B．go C．went D．to go 4．A．spend B．spends C．have spent D．spent 5．A．a few B．few C．a little D．little 6．A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing 7．A．another B．other C．the other D．others 8．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 9．A．careful B．careless C．carefully D．care 10．A．after B．when C．if D．unless 2.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） 语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的 A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 You want to know about my stay in the UK, right? Well, to tell you the truth, it is really 1 fantastic experience to study here. I came to Wood park School in London two months ago. Since then, I 2 in this school. I find that school life in the UK is very different from that in China. In China, the first lesson begins at about eight o’clock and there are 3 lessons a day. The first lesson in the UK begins an hour 4 than that in China. Before the first lesson, students all wait in a special classroom. Then a teacher calls the roll (点名) to check if 5 has arrived on time. After that, students change classrooms. Everybody has his or her own course schedule. They go to different classrooms for different lessons instead of 6 in the same classroom. For example, if one’s first lesson is Maths, he or she should go to the classroom for Maths. Besides languages, Science, Art, British students learn many 7 courses such as cooking and gardening at school. The boy in my host family once cooked Chinese soup for me. It really surprised me because it tasted as 8 as what my mum cooked. How time flies! I have been in the UK 9 two months. I will study here for another month. I am sure I 10 find out more differences in the future. Believe me! 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．has studied B．have studied C．studied D．study 3．A．the seven B．the seventh C．seven D．seventh 4．A．later B．late C．latest D．the latest 5．A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody 6．A．stay B．stayed C．staying D．stays 7．A．other B．others C．another D．the other 8．A．more delicious B．delicious C．most delicious D．the most delicious 9．A．for B．since C．in D．of 10．A．have to B．must C．can D．should 3.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） Zhu Yangzhu is the spaceflight engineer for the Shenzhou XVI mission (使命). He 1 in love with the blue sky and flying at an early age. When he was 2 middle school student, Zhu often did exercise. Because he worked very hard and got good scores, he 3   enter the National University of Defense Technology in Changsha in the summer of 2005 and remained there for the following years. In 2015, Zhu graduated from the university and took 4 first engineering job. In 2018, Zhu heard about the selection (进选) of China’s third﹣generation astronauts. He decided 5 a try. In September 2020, Zhu 6 joined the group of eighteen astronauts, including six 7 flight engineers. However, for an engineer who had no air flight experience, the training tasks were really difficult. For example, and they had to do many tests on a computer. That needed great perseverance (毅力). Zhu completed the hard training himself 8 he also played a role in 9 the team relaxed and helping others in his team stay clear﹣headed by singing and telling jokes. Last year, all his hard work paid off (得到回报) 10 he was chosen to carry out the Shenzhou XVI mission. 1．A．fall B．fell C．has fallen D．falls 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．could B．must C．should D．may 4．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 5．A．have B．to have C．having D．had 6．A．succeed B．success C．successful D．successfully 7．A．another B．other C．the other D．others 8．A．or B．but C．because D．and 9．A．making B．make C．to make D．made 10．A．unless B．if C．when D．before 4.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） Serena and her family were driving on the road. Suddenly she heard a loud “POP”. “A flat tire (轮胎)! This is making the boring trip even 1 .” she said. “No big deal! We 2 our adventure soon!” Her dad jumped out to change the tire. Feeling bored, Serena decided 3 her phone. “Ally is on a real adventure. She 4 Africa! Look at the pictures of wild animals on her Wechat Moments!” “Amazing!” Tony agreed. “You can show 5 , too.” “There’s 6 fun here! Nobody would like to see Dad changing a flat tire in the middle of nowhere!” “ 7 that’s the great thing about this whole trip!” Tony continued 8 , “We don’t know what surprises we might have! We’re on a true adventure! And I read that there’s 9 amazing place here. I found pictures online....” Serena put down her phone and listened to Tony. She looked out of the window, and wanted to know when to get there. But then she held her breath. “We 10 be quiet...”, she said to Tony in a low voice. Just on 11 side of the road, was a large group of wild horses walking slowly through the grasses. It was her 12 time to see animals like them. “Well, maybe we’re having a real adventure after all,” said Serena as she quickly took a picture of the horses 13 the window. “Exactly!” Tony said. “And all 14 we got a flat tire. So try to be as 15 as possible whatever we meet!” “Right. Maybe more surprises are waiting for us!” 1．A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 2．A．continue B．continued C．will continue D．is continuing 3．A．to check B．checked C．checking D．has checked 4．A．went to B．will go to C．has gone to D．goes to 5．A．us B．our C．we D．ours 6．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 7．A．Or B．But C．And D．So 8．A．excited B．exciting C．excitement D．excitedly 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．could B．may C．had better D．would 11．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 12．A．one B．the first C．first D．the one 13．A．through B．across C．in D．of 14．A．so B．if C．when D．because 15．A．cheerful B．more cheerful C．most cheerful D．cheerfully 5.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） When you’re leaning 1 new language, there are a lot of things to remember: spelling rules, grammar rules, punctuation rules...the list is endless. But there’s 2 that can help you: mnemonics (助记符号). Mnemonics are techniques to help you remember things. There are a variety of them, 3 rhymes, spelling acronyms (首字母缩略词) and sentence mnemonics. Rhymes are a great way 4 things. The sounds, unusual words and rhythm of them help you recall ideas. Do you know when Columbus sailed to America? There’s a thyme to help you which goes like this, “ 5 fourteen-hundred and ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.” Most people 6 that since they 7 young and never forget it! Spelling acronyms involve creating a sentence 8 on the letters of a target word. For example, the following sentence can help you with the spelling of the word “because”, “Big elephants can always understand small elephants”. Notice how the 9 letter of each word in the sentence spells out the word “because”. This one 10 to remind you to include the “h” in the word “which”, “Which house is Cath’s house?” To spell Mississippi, a rhythm mnemonic is combined with a spelling one: “miss iss ippi”. And 11 you can’t remember the spelling of the word “mnemonics”, use this one “Mike never eats meat or nuts in case he is sick.” Sentence mnemonics are also 12 . The following can help you with the difference between the words “principal” and “principle”, “A principal is your pal at school, and a principle is a belief or rule.” Or this one to help you remember the difference in spelling between “deserts” (such as the Sahara) and “desserts” (such as Tiramisu), “A dessert has two sugars so it’s 13 but a desert only has one.” The two “sugars” mentioned in the sentence refer to the two s’s in the word “dessert”. Or this one to clear up the confusion between “stationery” and “stationary”, “The car is stationary. An envelope is stationery”. You can learn grammar rules with sentence mnemonics too. For example, this one 14 help you with the position of adjectives, “Adjectives come before nouns just as ’A’ comes before ‘N’.” And this one can help you learn about the use of apostrophes (撇号), “Apostrophes show possession (拥有).” Mnemonics can help a lot with language learning. Why not 15 inventing a few of your own! 1．A．an B．the C．a D．/ 2．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 3．A．to include B．includes C．including D．included 4．A．remember B．to remember C．remembered D．remembering 5．A．For B．To C．With D．In 6．A．learns B．learned C．have learned D．is learning 7．A．are B．were C．have been D．is being 8．A．to base B．basing C．base D．based 9．A．one B．first C．ones D．second 10．A．designing B．designed C．is designed D．is designing 11．A．because B．if C．when D．until 12．A．useful B．use C．usefully D．useless 13．A．sweetest B．sweet C．sweeter D．sweets 14．A．should B．can C．had better D．must 15．A．try B．to try C．trying D．tried 6.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） Throughout the year, there are many activities at school. One of 1 activities of the year is the food collection. For the past few years, this 2 very successful. Each school does its food collection 3 . However, most of the time it is set up in a similar style.     In my school, it usually lasts for 4 weeks. Students bring their food 5 home. The food should be kept for 6 long time, such as canned food and pastas. We 7 hold activities outside the school. Some students go door to door and ask people 8 them some food. Some set up boxes in churches and 9 areas such as stores or cinemas. The students all work hard and the members of the neighborhood are very supportive. After that time is over, we bring the collected food to our local Community Table. The families in our community can go for a warm meal 10 they need to. Usually, a group of students go with one teacher to send the food. I 11 food with our teacher last year. And I was 12 to see so many families under the problem of hunger. I was pleased that 13 school could help out all of those families. We do this several times each year. 14 great activity! Sure, we 15 change the world, but we can do our best to make our world a better place. 1．A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 2．A．is B．was C．been D．has been 3．A．different B．differently C．more different D．difference 4．A．few B．little C．a few D．a little 5．A．from B．at C．to D．into 6．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．A．too B．also C．either D．as well 8．A．give B．giving C．gave D．to give 9．A．others B．another C．other D．the others 10．A．so B．if C．though D．but 11．A．send B．sends C．sent D．will send 12．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising D．surprises 13．A．we B．us C．our D．ourselves 14．A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 15．A．can’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 7.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） Horse-riding is very popular in Europe, especially in England and Germany. It has 1 long history and is one of the traditional sports in England. It 2 one of the Olympic events since 1900. At first, only the rich and the noble 3 this sport. But now, more and more people around the world are 4 in horse-riding. For example, 5 in America and Canada learn to ride a horse at the age of 3 or 4. They ride a horse either for professional（专业的）match or just for fun. It’s a relaxing way for children 6 a horse on the farm. Do you want to know how to ride a horse? First, 7 onto the horse. Before you started riding a horse, you should move the horse out and learn to walk with it together. Then you can try to get onto 8 horse on the left side or the right side. It’s very important for you. Because when you are in danger, you can jump down on either side as 9 as you can. Next, sit on the horse correctly. When you ride a horse, you’d better 10 a straight through the ear, shoulder, hip（臀部）and heel（脚后跟）. Then, you have to learn how to move up and down 11 the same time as the horse runs. After you learn to walk on the horse around slowly, you can learn to go faster. That will make you feel amazed! Sounds easy? No. It’s 12 to ride a horse well than you think. Riding a horse can be a full experience. 13 , it takes a great deal of training and experience. 14 you want to learn to ride a horse well, you should go to a horse-riding school to take the lesson. Does 15 want to have a try? Come on! 1．A．the B．an C．a D．/ 2．A．has been B．is C．was D．have been 3．A．play B．have played C．are playing D．played 4．A．interest B．interests C．interested D．interesting 5．A．much B．many C．few D．little 6．A．to ride B．ride C．riding D．rode 7．A．getting B．get C．to get D．got 8．A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 9．A．quick B．quicker C．quickly D．more quickly 10．A．draw B．drawing C．to draw D．drew 11．A．for B．about C．in D．at 12．A．difficult B．less difficult C．more difficult D．the most difficult 13．A．However B．But C．Also D．So 14．A．Where B．How C．What D．If 15．A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 8.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） There was once a king who had a great palace with a wonderful garden. He was happier than 1 else there. In the garden, there lived all kinds of animals. All of them enjoyed 2 there. The king was very happy with the whole garden except for 3 old tree in the centre of the garden. It was 4 old and dry that the king hated it very much. Finally, the king ordered some people 5 it down and turn the place into a swimming pool. 6 after the tree was cut down, the animals left the garden. Without the animals, the garden was not 7 before. The king was sad, but he didn’t know what had happened. A young man went to the king, and said he could 8 what had happened. “This was because you cut the old tree down.” said the young man. “There 9 some moths （飞蛾） living in the old tree. Birds needed to eat the moths and then they produced wastes for plants to grow. The plants then attracted many 10 animals to your garden. The animals wouldn’t leave your garden 11 you cut down the tree. So the tree is important 12 your garden because it can make your garden beautiful.” “Excellent!” said the king, “I’ll make you 13 rich if you make my garden beautiful again.” “I’m afraid you will spend many years on it. It 14 many years to get the natural balance （生态平衡）.” said the young man. The king was sad. This was 15 time he realized the importance of the tree. But all he could do was just to wait. 1．A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone 2．A．them B．their C．theirs D．themselves 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．so B．very C．too D．quite 5．A．cut B．cutting C．to cut D．for cutting 6．A．And B．But C．Or D．So 7．A．as more beautiful as B．so beautiful than C．more beautiful as D．as beautiful as 8．A．explain B．explains C．explaining D．to explain 9．A．was B．were C．is D．are 10．A．other B．others C．another D．the other 11．A．if B．though C．so D．unless 12．A．of B．to C．towards D．on 13．A．to become B．becoming C．become D．becomes 14．A．take B．takes C．took D．will take 15．A．first B．one C．the first D．the one 9.（21-22八年级上·广东广州·期末） Long long ago, a woman told the best stories. She got married to an emperor. Sadly, one day, this woman became ill and died. Everyone thought the emperor would soon find 1 favorite among his wives, 2 the emperor was too sad. He spent more and more time in his garden, and less and less time 3 for the needs of his people. Everyone in the Kingdom was 4 . One day, a priest（牧师）passed when some children 5 with their dolls. The dolls made dancing shadows 6 the wall. This gave the priest an idea. He knew the stories the emperor’s wife used to 7 . What if he could bring those stories to life? The priest made a puppet out of bits of clay. He 8 the puppet to look somewhat like the emperor’s wife. When the puppets was finished, the priest silently walked into the emperor’s garden, carrying his puppet, a candle, and a curtain. He placed 9 curtain near the emperor’s chair. He placed his candle, his puppet, and 10 behind the curtain. He waited for the emperor 11 . The emperor did not even notice the curtain at first. The dancing shadow drew his eyes. As the priest moved the puppet 12 the curtain, he told wonderful stories as the emperor’s wife did. It seemed as if his wife 13 time with him. The emperor was no longer 14 . At the end of each busy day, the emperor went into his garden 15 his shadow wife and hear her stories once again. That is how shadow puppets first began. 1．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 2．A．and B．but C．or D．so 3．A．care B．to care C．cared D．caring 4．A．worry B．to worry C．worried D．worriedly 5．A．play B．played C．are playing D．were playing 6．A．on B．in C．above D．outside 7．A．tell B．telling C．be told D．be telling 8．A．paint B．is painting C．painted D．was painting 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．he B．his C．him D．himself 11．A．appear B．to appear C．appearing D．appeared 12．A．before B．behind C．beside D．below 13．A．spends B．was spent C．was spending D．had spent 14．A．sad B．sadly C．sadness D．sadder 15．A．visit B．to visit C．visiting D．to be visited 10.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When I was twelve years old, my family lived next to a forest. Every evening, mockingbirds would come and rest in the trees and sing. I enjoyed 1 singing so much that I decided to catch a young bird. In this way, I could hear it sing for me every day. I finally succeeded in 2 one and put it in a cage. At first, the bird was very frightened, so it fluttered (扑腾) in 3 new home all the time. Several days later, it was used to living in this new home. The next day, the little bird’s mother flew to the cage with 4 food in her mouth. The baby bird looked very 5 and ate everything that the mother brought to it. I was so happy to see this 6 the mother knew how to take care of her baby well. But 7 the third morning, I found it dead. I was terribly surprised and cried at once. I didn’t know what happened. Arthur Wayne, a friend of my father’s, was a famous ornithologist (鸟类学家). She was visiting my father at that time. 8 she knew the whole thing, she explained to me. If a mother mockingbird finds her baby is kept in a cage, she will bring it poisonous berries (毒莓). She thinks it’s 9 for her baby to die than to lose freedom. Since then I 10 any living animal and put it in a cage. All living things have a right to live free. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．caught B．catching C．catch D．to catch 3．A．it’s B．its’ C．it D．its 4．A．few B．any C．some D．little 5．A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．happier 6．A．and B．because C．but D．though 7．A．in B．for C．at D．on 8．A．If B．When C．Unless D．Although 9．A．good B．well C．better D．best 10．A．haven’t caught B．won’t catch C．don’t catch D．didn’t catch 11.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 If you are going to study in a foreign country, what can you do to feel less lonely? Well, here I will give some advice 1 you. First, always say yes. Of course, if you feel uncomfortable in some way, don’t agree. I mean, try not to refuse (拒绝) 2 invitation. By saying yes, you get the chance to meet lots of people and learn a lot from them. Second, find a hobby or try 3 . Join a dance class, a chess club or a cooking class! This is a good way to make your life 4 than before. Third, take language classes. By taking them, you 5 improve your language and you will meet a lot of people who are also looking forward to 6 new friends. Fourth, get out of your house! Spending long hours in front of your computer will make you more lonely. So you had better 7 out to find new and exciting places in your neighborhood. Lastly, don’t just stand there 8 . When you are at a party, don’t be shy. Be friendly with 9 . Try to talk with them. It’s OK to ask your friends to introduce new friends to you. If you follow the above, you 10 a good time in a foreign country. 1．A．helping B．to help C．helps D．help 2．A．the B．/ C．an D．a 3．A．anything new B．new anything C．something new D．new something 4．A．interesting B．more interesting C．the most interesting D．most interesting 5．A．should B．need C．had better D．can 6．A．make B．makes C．made D．making 7．A．go B．will go C．going D．goes 8．A．quietly B．quiet C．more quietly D．quietness 9．A．other B．the other C．another D．others 10．A．have B．has C．had D．will have 12.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 There was once a king who had a great palace with a wonderful garden. He was happier than 1 else there. In the garden, there lived all kinds of animals. All of them enjoyed 2 there. The king was very happy with the whole garden except for 3 old tree in the centre of the garden. It was 4 old and dry that the king hated it very much. Finally, the king ordered some people 5 it down and turn the place into a swimming pool. 6 after the tree was cut down, the animals left the garden. Without the animals, the garden was not 7 before. The king was sad, but he didn’t know what had happened. A young man went to the king, and said he could 8 what had happened. “This was because you cut the old tree down.” said the young man. “There 9 some moths (飞蛾) living in the old tree. Birds needed to eat the moths and then they produced wastes for plants to grow. The plants then attracted many 10 animals to your garden. The animals wouldn’t leave your garden 11 you cut down the tree. So the tree is important 12 your garden because it can make your garden beautiful.” “Excellent!” said the king. “I’ll make you 13 rich if you make my garden beautiful again.” “I’m afraid you will spend many years on it. It 14 many years to get the natural balance (自然平衡).” Said the young man. The king was sad. This was 15 time he realized the importance of the tree. But all he could do was just to wait. 1．A．anyone B．someone C．no one D．everyone 2．A．them B．their C．theirs D．themselves 3．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 4．A．too B．very C．so D．such 5．A．cut B．cutting C．for cutting D．to cut 6．A．And B．So C．Or D．But 7．A．as more beautiful as B．so beautiful than C．more beautiful as D．as beautiful as 8．A．explain B．explains C．explaining D．to explain 9．A．was B．is C．were` D．are 10．A．another B．others C．other D．the other 11．A．if B．though C．so D．unless 12．A．to B．of C．towards D．on 13．A．become B．becoming C．to become D．becomes 14．A．take B．took C．will take D．has taken 15．A．first B．one C．the first D．the one 13.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, 1 when he was about twenty years old, Verne decided to become a writer. At first, he wrote plays for the theatre. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The 2 of this book encouraged him 3 more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864）and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were 4 in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and they were very popular. Verne’s writing included many predictions（预言）for the 5 century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, 6 long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and 7 made Verne rich. Jules Verne’s books 8 the subjects of many movies for many years. 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea was a wonderful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first Disney movie to use real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is 9 famous movie based on one of Verne’s 10 . 1．A．and B．but C．or D．so 2．A．succeed B．successfully C．successful D．success 3．A．write B．writing C．to write D．written 4．A．interest B．interested C．interests D．interesting 5．A．twentieth B．twenties C．twentieths D．twenty 6．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．A．them B．they C．themselves D．theirs 8．A．are B．are being C．will be D．have been 9．A．other B．others C．another D．the other 10．A．book B．booking C．booked D．books 14.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） I still remember I fell in love with English from a very young age, because I thought it was such 1 useful language. Full of strong wishes of learning English, I began to learn it. But soon I found it 2 than expected. There were 3 words, expressions and many 4 things to remember. And even if I knew 5 , I can’t use them correctly and exactly. And I did very 6 in my first English test. I was 7 it. This made me upset and dropped my interest in English. When I was 8 trouble, my English teacher gave me much help. I knew that interest didn’t mean everything and I should have some learning methods. I did as he said and tried many different ways of 9 English. As the days went by, I could do better and better and became 10 in it. 11 summer vacation, an old lady from Australia visited my school. She had a talk with us. It was the first time 12 a foreigner. I got 13 nervous at first, but soon I found it exciting to talk with her, and I learned 14 from her. How I wish to practice 15 English with foreigners every day! 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．difficult B．more difficult C．difficultly D．more difficultly 3．A．many too B．too much C．much too D．too many 4．A．other B．others C．another D．the others 5．A．how to write them B．how should I write them C．what to write them D．what to write 6．A．well B．worse C．bad D．badly 7．A．worry about B．worried to C．worry to D．worried about 8．A．in B．on C．have D．get 9．A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learnt 10．A．interested and interested B．more interested and more interested C．more and more interesting D．more and more interested 11．A．For B．During C．Across D．Through 12．A．meet B．to meet C．to meeting D．met 13．A．a little B．little C．many D．much 14．A．a lot B．a lot of C．lots of D．a lots of 15．A．speak B．spoken C．speaking D．to speak 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题04 语法选择解题方法及专项训练 考点分布 “语法选择”的主要考点分布:冠词、名词的单复数、动词时态和语态、形容词和副词的比较等级、代词、连词、介词、非谓语动词、同根词、定语从句、状语从句和宾语从句等。 一、语法选择常考语法点 1.考冠词： a/an ： 第一次提到；泛指； 单词读音第一个音为元音时（an）,辅音时（a）；固搭； the ： 第二次提到；特指； 固定搭配； play the +西洋乐器， the +序数词； /（不填）：固定搭配；play + 球类 2.考数词： ① seven-year-old; two-meter-long; （数词做形容词用法） ② five hundred/thousand/million/billion （具体数值后面不需要+s） hundreds of / thousands of/millions of /billions of (表示概数时用of 结构) 3.考名词： ① 主谓一致（名词单复数与后面的动词的形式（三单，原形）保持一致） ② 可数名词与不可数名词的区别，修饰语等 two cups of coffee/tea 4.考代词： ① many + n 复数 much + 不可数名词 ② a number of + n复数 a great amount of / a great deal of + 不可数名词 ③ little/a little/few/a few 否定意义：little + 不可数名词 few + 可数名词复数 肯定意义： a little + 不可数名词 a few + 可数名词复数 ④ Other/another/the other/others/the others 1）other + 名词复数 another + 名词单数（表三者或者三者以上 另一个） 2）others 后面不能加名词 others = other + 名词复数 3）one…. The other…. 一个…. 另一个…..(两者之间) some…. Others…. 一些….. 另一些…… 4）other （无范围）与 the other （有范围） others （无范围）与 the others （有范围） ⑤ 不定代词something、everything、anything、nothing + 形容词 ⑥ 人称代词 1）主语用主格 2）动词/介词后用宾格； 3）空格后有名词，用形容词性物主代词，没有名词则用名词性物主代词； 名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词 + 具体的名词 4）反身代词常考 enjoy oneself / help yourself / dress oneself / teach oneself； 5. 考形容词/副词 ① -ed是修饰人，-ing是修饰事物 ② 形容词修饰名词，副词（一般以ly 结尾）修饰动词，副词修饰形容词 ③ 出现than, 用比较级 ④ 出现 as…. as 结构，用形容词/副词原级 ⑤ one of + adj最高级+ n 复数 6.考介词 ① 时间介词 at: 用于具体时刻、节日前，例如：at 8:00，at Christmas. 固定搭配：at noon, at night in: 用于世纪、年、季节、月份等不具体的时间前，例如：in 2011 固定搭配：in the morning/afternoon/evening on: 用于具体的某一天，或具体的早上、下午、晚上; 星期。 on the afternoon of May 5th on a cold day， on Monday/ Tuesday … for/since: 后面+一段时间，现在完成时的标志 ② 其它介词 with:与...一起，和...；带着...，有...的；以(手段、材料)，用(工具) without: 没有。 by + 交通工具 ③ 介词+ doing after/before doing; in doing ; for doing … 7.考连词 but/however：表示转折关系；(but后无逗号； however, 后须有逗号) so/therefore/thus：表示因果关系； or：或者、否则之意。 and：表示并列关系； though/although：表示虽然……但是，不能与but连用。 all：表示全部都，用于三者以上； none: 表示没有人，用于三者或三者以上（侧重指人，表否定） both...and：表示两者都； either...or：表示两者之一（选择）； neither...nor：表示两者中没有一个； either: 用于句末，表示两者的否定 too: 用于句末，表示两者的肯定 also: 用于句中，表示也 8.考动词： 一看：有无时态标志； 单复数标志； 二看：空格前有无情态动词（情态动词+do）、介词 （介词+Ving） 三看：并列结构；有无and/or （如有则观察and/or前或后的动词形式，答案选项的形式要与其保持一致） 四看：固定搭配，如make/let sb do sth , see sb do/doing sth 等 9.考被动语态 被动语态： be (is/are/am/was/were) + done（过去分词） 含有情态动词的被动语态： should/must/can/could/may/might……be done 10. 考定语从句： 跟在名词/代词后面，修饰名词/代词 修饰人：who 修饰物：which 11. 考宾语从句： 跟在谓语后面 三要素： ① 引导词 ② 时态 当主句为一般现在时时，从句可以为任何时态； 当主句为一般过去时时，从句必须用过去时态； 当从句为表示客观事实，真理时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时； ③ 语序：陈序语序 12. 考词性 -tion 一般为名词后缀 separation, selection, -ness 一般为名词后缀 calmness -ly 一般为副词后缀 luckily, fortunately, -ful 一般为形容词后缀 careful, -ing/-ed 一般为形容词后缀 -ing形容的是物； -ed形容的是人 13. 固定搭配 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 pick up 捡起 wait for 等待 deal with 处理 think of 思考 look ahead向前看，预测未来 look out小心 look on冷眼旁观 look up仰望；查阅；拜访 be pleased with对….满意 be worried about担忧/心 be satisfied with 对….满意 be amazed at对….惊讶 clear away清除 send away发送，派遣 turn away拒绝 give away赠送，泄露 throw away扔掉 look for 寻找 look up 仰望；查阅；尊敬；拜访 look back 回顾；回头看 look out 注意；小心；面朝；照料 look down 俯视；向下看 look down upon 看不起 look after 照顾 look at 看 be made of... 由……制成（看得见的材料） be made from... 由……制成（看不见的材料） be made in...产于/制于某地 make up 构成，化妆 make up one’s mind to do sth 下定决心做某事 解题方法 方法一:上下文推断法 根据上下文的提示或暗示,体验语境和作者的情感态度,结合语法知识,选出符合场景的最佳选项。 例1　Judie’s class was studying Chinese culture.One day, her teacher went into the classroom　31　 some kites.  31.A.to B.in C.with D.by 解析:联系上下文可知,她的老师带着风筝走进教室,with 表伴随,故选C。 [总结]语法选择中介词的常见考法: (1)表示时间: at +时刻,in +世纪/年/月/季节,on +具体一天或具体某一天的早/午/晚,for +一段时间; (2)表示方式: by乘坐,用……方式;with 用……;in 使用……(语言或文字); (3)短语或句型的搭配: with one’s help,on one’s own,It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.等。 例2　He told them that kites 　32　 in China more than 2,000 years ago.At the end of the class, he said,“The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them...”  32.A.invent B.invented C.are invented D.were invented 解析:由句意可知,风筝是“被发明的”,由told可知时态是一般过去时,故选D。 [总结]被动语态结构:主语+ be done(看主谓,注意前后时态)。 例3You will have a 　34　 understanding of kites than before.  34.A.good B.better C.best D.the best 解析:由上下文及than before可知,用形容词比较级,故选B。 [总结]语法选择中形容词常考原级、比较级、最高级,常见句型: (1)A+be+(not) so/as +原形+as+B. (2)A+be+比较级+than + B. (3)A+be+one of the + 形容词最高级+名词复数. 例4“What do you think of when you see a kite?” her dad asked. Judie thought for a moment and 　36　, “Butterflies.”  36.A.answers B.answered C.will answer D.has answered 解析:and连接两个并列谓语,看前后动词时态,thought 是过去式,故选B。 [总结]语法选择中动词时态的解题方法:看首句及上下文时态、前后动词时态、时间状语等。 例5　Judie’s dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite.They made a cross with some wood sticks,　37　 then Judie painted a butterfly on a piece of white paper.Next they stuck the paper on the cross. Finally they tied a long tail to the bottom.  37.A.and B.but C.or D.so 解析:由下文Next, Finally 可知,前后表承接,故选A。 例6　Judie’s dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite…Next they stuck the paper on the cross.Finally they tied a long tail to the bottom. The next morning, they took 　38　 kite to the park and tested it.  38.A.a B.an C.the D.\ 解析:特指上文的a butterfly kite, 故选C。 [总结]语法选择中冠词的常见考法: (1)首次出现且表示数量为一个的名词前,a+辅音音素开头的单词,an +元音音素开头的单词; (2)第二次出现或表特指的名词前+ the。 例7　“Judie, can you tell me 　40　 you like butterflies?” asked her dad.  Judie replied, “To me, butterflies mean beauty and freedom!” 40.A.why B.which C.what D.when 解析:下文说明了喜欢蝴蝶的原因,由此推断出用why引导宾语从句,故选A。 [总结]语法选择中连词的常见考法: (1)判断关系:转折关系(but, although/though, or)、 因果关系(because, so)、并列关系(and)、固定搭配(either…or…,neither…nor…,so…that…, both…and…) (2)引导从句: 状从—if(如果),when, while, as, after, since, before, as soon as, till(until), unless 宾从—that, what, if(是否),whether, how, when, why, where 方法二:句子成分分析法 分析句子的各个成分,结合语法知识,补充句子所缺的成分。语法选择中常考的句子成分:谓语(表示做动作的词)、宾语(动作的承受者)、定语(修饰性质的词)、状语(时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件等)。 例1　Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 　35　 first time to make a kite.  “What do you think of when you see a kite?” her dad asked. 35.A.her B.herself C.hers D.she 解析:用形容词性物主代词修饰后面的first time,故选A。 [总结]语法选择中常考的代词: (1)动词、介词后用人称代词宾格(him/her/them) ; (2)空格后有名词,用形容词性物主代词(his/her/their); (3)空格后没有名词,用名词性物主代词(his/hers/theirs) ; (4)反身代词: enjoy/help/dress/teach oneself(-selves) ; (5)不定代词: other, the other, another, others, the others 等。 例2　The children hold their books close as they say good-bye and run home 　12　.David and his donkeys head back, over and around the hills, and into the sunset.  12.A.cheer B.cheerful C.cheerfully D.more cheerful 解析:作状语,用副词修饰前面的动词run,故选C。 [总结]副词(-ly)用于修饰动词/句子。 方法三:固定搭配 结合上下文并利用动词短语、介词短语、常用句型的固定搭配来直接选择答案。 例1　At the end of the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them.I expect each of you 　33　 a kite that means something important to you…  33.A.make B.to make C.making D.made 解析:固定搭配: expect sb. to do sth. “期望某人做某事”,故选B。 [总结]语法选择中非谓语动词的常见考法: (1)介词+ doing, to do(表目的); (2)接to do的动词(agree, promise, decide, refuse, advise 等); (3)接doing的动词或短语(mind, practice, enjoy, look forward to, give up等)。 例2　“Wow!” she cried proudly. “　39　 high my butterfly flies!”  39.A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 解析:感叹句: How +adv.+主语+谓语!,故选D。 [总结]感叹句句型: (1)What(+a/an) +adj.+n.(+主语+谓语)! (2)How +adj./adv.(+主语+谓语)! 易错点1　如何判断形容词或副词的比较等级 You will have a 　34 understanding of kites than before.  A.good　 B.better　 C.best　 D.the best 点拨:本题易错选C。句中有标志词than出现,一般要选比较级。 解析:good好的(原级);better更好的(比较级);best最好的(最高级);the best最好的(最高级)。根据句中的than before,可知应用比较级,故选B。结构:“A+谓语动词/系动词+形容词或副词比较级+than+B”表示“A比B更……”。 易错点2　如何区分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 　35　 first time to make a kite.  A.her　 B.herself　 C.hers　 D.she 点拨:本题易错选C或D。选代词时,如果空格后面有名词,可判断填形容词性物主代词;如果空格后面没有其他内容,可判断填名词性物主代词。 解析:句意:朱迪决定向她的爸爸求助,因为这是她第一次做风筝。根据空后的名词time,可知此空应用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,故选A。 1.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末）On 8 February, 2005, Ellen MacArthur arrived back in England after sailing around the world. She was 1 person to sail around the world alone. It took her 71 days, 14 hours, 18 minutes and 35 seconds 2 the journey. To make the journey shorter, she kept 3 without any stop on land. She was just 28 years old then. Around 8,000 people were waiting at the harbour to say congratulations to her when she finished her amazing journey. She left England on 28 November 2004, and travelled around 43 countries. “I 4 a long time preparing both my body and my mind for it since I decided to do it,” said Ellen MacArthur before she started her long journey. During the journey, she only let herself sleep for 5 minutes every time. That’s because she had to make sure that 6 bad was happening to the boat. As she didn’t have any 7 people to talk to, the 71 days must have been very lonely (孤独的). She had 8 small cooker to heat the cold meals. She had to sail 9 to keep safe. She faced dangerous storms from time to time, but she never thought of giving up. Ellen is now famous all over the world. Her story shows us that you may not succeed 10 you face challenges bravely and never give up. 1．A．quick B．quicker C．the quickest D．quickest 2．A．finish B．to finish C．finishing D．finished 3．A．going B．go C．went D．to go 4．A．spend B．spends C．have spent D．spent 5．A．a few B．few C．a little D．little 6．A．something B．everything C．anything D．nothing 7．A．another B．other C．the other D．others 8．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 9．A．careful B．careless C．carefully D．care 10．A．after B．when C．if D．unless 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了艾伦·麦克阿瑟独自环球航行的故事。 1．句意：她现在是独自环球航行最快的人。 quick快速的，形容词原级；quicker形容词比较级；the quickest定冠词加形容词最高级；quickest形容词最高级。根据“ It took her 71 days, 14 hours, 18 minutes and 35 seconds”和“To make the journey shorter”可知，她是独自环球航行最快的人，应用形容词最高级，最高级前加定冠词the。故选C。 2．句意：她的旅程花了71天14小时18分35秒。 finish完成，动词原形；to finish动词不定式；finishing动词现在分词或动名词；finished动词过去式。根据“It took her”可知，本题考查固定句式it took sb some time to do sth“做某事花费某人多少时间”。故选B。 3．句意：为了缩短旅程，她一直在陆地上不停地走。 going动词现在分词或动名词；go走，动词原形；went动词过去式； to go动词不定式。根据“kept”可知，本题考查动词短语keep doing sth“一直做某事”。故选A。 4．句意：自从我决定这么做以来，我花了很长时间来准备我的身体和思想。 spend花费，动词原形；spends动词单三；have spent现在完成时；spent动词过去式。根据“since I decided to do it”可知，本句为现在完成时。故选C。 5．句意：在旅途中，她每次只让自己睡几分钟。 a few一点；few很少；a little少量； little小的。根据“minutes every time”可知，她每次只睡几分钟，应用a few修饰可数名词minutes。故选A。 6．句意：那是因为她必须确保船没有发生任何不好的事情。 something一些事情；everything一切事情；anything任何事情；nothing没有事情。根据“bad was happening to the boat”可知，此处指船上没有发生不好的事情。故选D。 7．句意：因为没有可以说话的人，这71天她一定很孤独。 another另一个；other另外的；the other另一个；others其他人。根据“people to talk to, the 71 days must have been very lonely”可知，穿上没有其他人，应用other修饰名词people。故选B。 8．句意：她有一个小炊具来加热冷饭。 the定冠词；a不定冠词，用于辅音音素前；an不定冠词，用于元音音素前；/零冠词。此处泛指“一个炊具”，small以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故选B。 9．句意：她必须小心航行以保证安全。 careful小心的，形容词；careless粗心的，形容词；carefully小心地，副词；care照顾，名词。此处应选一副词修饰动词sail。故选C。 10．句意：她的故事告诉我们，除非你勇敢地面对挑战，永不放弃，否则你可能不会成功。 after在……之后；when在……时候；if如果；unless如果不。根据“you may not succeed...you face challenges bravely and never give up”可知，此处说的是如果你不一直坚持的话，你就不会成功，应用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 2.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） 语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的 A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。 You want to know about my stay in the UK, right? Well, to tell you the truth, it is really 1 fantastic experience to study here. I came to Wood park School in London two months ago. Since then, I 2 in this school. I find that school life in the UK is very different from that in China. In China, the first lesson begins at about eight o’clock and there are 3 lessons a day. The first lesson in the UK begins an hour 4 than that in China. Before the first lesson, students all wait in a special classroom. Then a teacher calls the roll (点名) to check if 5 has arrived on time. After that, students change classrooms. Everybody has his or her own course schedule. They go to different classrooms for different lessons instead of 6 in the same classroom. For example, if one’s first lesson is Maths, he or she should go to the classroom for Maths. Besides languages, Science, Art, British students learn many 7 courses such as cooking and gardening at school. The boy in my host family once cooked Chinese soup for me. It really surprised me because it tasted as 8 as what my mum cooked. How time flies! I have been in the UK 9 two months. I will study here for another month. I am sure I 10 find out more differences in the future. Believe me! 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．has studied B．have studied C．studied D．study 3．A．the seven B．the seventh C．seven D．seventh 4．A．later B．late C．latest D．the latest 5．A．somebody B．everybody C．anybody D．nobody 6．A．stay B．stayed C．staying D．stays 7．A．other B．others C．another D．the other 8．A．more delicious B．delicious C．most delicious D．the most delicious 9．A．for B．since C．in D．of 10．A．have to B．must C．can D．should 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者在英国学校生活的经历。 1．句意：嗯，说实话，在这里学习真的是一个奇妙的经历。 a一个（用于以辅音音素开头的单词前）；an一个（用于以元音音素开头的单词前）；the这个，表示特指；/零冠词。experience意为“经历”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，需用不定冠词，fantastic是辅音音素开头的单词，故选A。 2．句意：从那时起，我就在这所学校学习。 has studied学习（现在完成时，主语是第一人称或单数）；have studied学习（现在完成时，主语是第二人称或复数）；studied学习（过去时）；study学习（原形）。根据句子时间状语“since then”可知，此处应用现在完成时：have/has done，主语是第一人称I，助动词用have，study的过去分词是studied。故选B。 3．句意：在中国，第一节课大约八点开始，一天有7节课。 the seven七（错误表达）；the seventh第七；seven七；seventh第七。根据句意可知，此处表示“7节课”，应用基数词seven。故选C。 4．句意：英国的第一节课比中国的第一节课开始晚一个小时。 later较晚；late迟；latest最新的；the latest最新的。根据后面“than”可知，此处应用副词比较级，表示“英国的第一节课比中国的第一节课开始晚一个小时”。故选A。 5．句意：然后老师点名，检查是否每个人都准时到达。 somebody某人；everybody每个人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据句意可知，此处表示“是否每个人都准时到达”，应用everyone。故选B。 6．句意：他们去不同的教室上不同的课，而不是留在同一个教室里。 stay停留（原形）；stayed停留（过去式）；staying停留（动名词）；stays停留（第三人称单数）。根据句意可知，此处表示“而不是留在同一个教室里”，介词后面跟动名词。故选C。 7．句意：除了语言、科学、艺术，英国学生在学校还学习许多其他课程，如烹饪和园艺。 other其他的；others其他人；another又一个；the other另一个。根据句意可知，此处表示“其他课程”，应用other修饰后面的名词。故选A。 8．句意：这真的让我很惊讶，因为它尝起来和我妈妈做的一样好。 more delicious更美味的；delicious美味的；most delicious最美味的；the most delicious最美味的。as+形容词/副词的原级+as表示“和……一样……”，tasted是系动词，此处应用形容词原形。故选B。 9．句意：我在英国已经两个月了。 for为；since自从；in在……里面；of……的。根据空后“two months”可知，一段时间前面应用介词for。故选A。 10．句意：我相信我将来会发现更多的不同之处。 have to不得不；must必须；can能，会；should应该。根据句意和语境可知，我相信我将来会发现更多的不同之处。故选C。 3.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） Zhu Yangzhu is the spaceflight engineer for the Shenzhou XVI mission (使命). He 1 in love with the blue sky and flying at an early age. When he was 2 middle school student, Zhu often did exercise. Because he worked very hard and got good scores, he 3   enter the National University of Defense Technology in Changsha in the summer of 2005 and remained there for the following years. In 2015, Zhu graduated from the university and took 4 first engineering job. In 2018, Zhu heard about the selection (进选) of China’s third﹣generation astronauts. He decided 5 a try. In September 2020, Zhu 6 joined the group of eighteen astronauts, including six 7 flight engineers. However, for an engineer who had no air flight experience, the training tasks were really difficult. For example, and they had to do many tests on a computer. That needed great perseverance (毅力). Zhu completed the hard training himself 8 he also played a role in 9 the team relaxed and helping others in his team stay clear﹣headed by singing and telling jokes. Last year, all his hard work paid off (得到回报) 10 he was chosen to carry out the Shenzhou XVI mission. 1．A．fall B．fell C．has fallen D．falls 2．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 3．A．could B．must C．should D．may 4．A．he B．him C．his D．himself 5．A．have B．to have C．having D．had 6．A．succeed B．success C．successful D．successfully 7．A．another B．other C．the other D．others 8．A．or B．but C．because D．and 9．A．making B．make C．to make D．made 10．A．unless B．if C．when D．before 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了航天员朱扬柱的个人事迹。 1．句意：他很小就爱上了蓝天和飞行。 fall降落，动词原形；fell过去式；has fallen现在完成时； falls第三人称单数。根据“at an early age”可知，时态应为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选B。 2．句意：当朱还是一名中学生时。 a一个，用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用在以元音音素开头的单词前；the特指某人或某物；/不填。根据“middle school student”可知，此处表示泛指，且middle是以辅音音素开头的单词。故选A。 3．句意：因为他学习非常努力，他能够在2005年夏天进入位于长沙的国防科技大学。 could能够；must必须；should应该；may也许。根据“Because he worked very hard and got good scores”可知朱学习很努力并且能够取得很好的分数，所以他能够进到很好的学校。故选A。 4．句意：2015年，朱从大学毕业，开始了他的第一份工程工作。 he他，主格；him他，宾格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。根据“ first engineering job”可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰。故选C。 5．句意：他决定试一试。 have有，动词原形；to have动词不定式；having动名词；had过去式。决定做某事“decide to do sth.”。故选B。 6．句意：2020年9月，朱成功加入了由18名宇航员组成的小组，其中包括另外6名飞行工程师。 succeed成功，动词；success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词。修饰动词“joined”应用副词，故选D。 7．句意：2020年9月，朱成功加入了由18名宇航员组成的小组，其中包括另外6名飞行工程师。 another另一个（三者及以上）；other另外的；the other另一个（两者中）；others其他。根据“flight engineers”可知，此处指其他六名飞行工程师，修饰名词复数用other。故选B。 8．句意：朱自己完成了艰苦的训练，并通过唱歌和讲笑话来帮助团队中的其他人保持清醒。 or或者；but但是；because因为；and并且。前后句构成顺承关系，应用and连接，表示自己完成训练的情况下还能够帮助到队友。故选D。 9．句意：朱自己完成了艰苦的训练，并通过唱歌和讲笑话来帮助团队中的其他人保持清醒。 making使，动名词；make动词原形；to make动词不定式；made过去式。“play a role in doing sth”意为“在做某事中发挥作用”。故选A。 10．句意：去年，当他被选中去执行神州16号任务的时候，他所有的辛勤工作都得到了回报。 unless除非；if如果；when当……的时候；before在……之前。根据“all his hard work paid off”可知，他所有的努力都得到了回报，是因为他被选中了去执行任务，此处为时间状语从句，when符合语境。故选C。 4.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） Serena and her family were driving on the road. Suddenly she heard a loud “POP”. “A flat tire (轮胎)! This is making the boring trip even 1 .” she said. “No big deal! We 2 our adventure soon!” Her dad jumped out to change the tire. Feeling bored, Serena decided 3 her phone. “Ally is on a real adventure. She 4 Africa! Look at the pictures of wild animals on her Wechat Moments!” “Amazing!” Tony agreed. “You can show 5 , too.” “There’s 6 fun here! Nobody would like to see Dad changing a flat tire in the middle of nowhere!” “ 7 that’s the great thing about this whole trip!” Tony continued 8 , “We don’t know what surprises we might have! We’re on a true adventure! And I read that there’s 9 amazing place here. I found pictures online....” Serena put down her phone and listened to Tony. She looked out of the window, and wanted to know when to get there. But then she held her breath. “We 10 be quiet...”, she said to Tony in a low voice. Just on 11 side of the road, was a large group of wild horses walking slowly through the grasses. It was her 12 time to see animals like them. “Well, maybe we’re having a real adventure after all,” said Serena as she quickly took a picture of the horses 13 the window. “Exactly!” Tony said. “And all 14 we got a flat tire. So try to be as 15 as possible whatever we meet!” “Right. Maybe more surprises are waiting for us!” 1．A．bad B．badly C．worse D．worst 2．A．continue B．continued C．will continue D．is continuing 3．A．to check B．checked C．checking D．has checked 4．A．went to B．will go to C．has gone to D．goes to 5．A．us B．our C．we D．ours 6．A．something B．nothing C．everything D．anything 7．A．Or B．But C．And D．So 8．A．excited B．exciting C．excitement D．excitedly 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．could B．may C．had better D．would 11．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 12．A．one B．the first C．first D．the one 13．A．through B．across C．in D．of 14．A．so B．if C．when D．because 15．A．cheerful B．more cheerful C．most cheerful D．cheerfully 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．C 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文讲述了塞蕾娜和爸爸的一次旅行经历。 1．句意：这让这次无聊的旅行更加糟糕。 bad糟糕的；badly糟糕地；worse比较级；worst最高级。even后应跟比较级形式，故选C。 2．句意：我们将很快继续我们的冒险！ continue继续，动词原形；continued动词过去式；will continue一般将来时；is continuing现在进行时。根据句中soon可知，该句应用一般将来时“will do”，故选C。 3．句意：塞雷娜觉得无聊，决定检查一下手机。 to check检查，动词不定式；checked动词过去式；checking动词现在分词；has checked现在完成时。decide to do意为“决定做某事”，动词不定式作宾语，故选A。 4．句意：她去了非洲！ went to去，动词过去式；will go to一般现在时；has gone to现在完成时；goes to一般现在时。根据“Ally is on a real adventure.”可知，Ally去非洲还没有回来，应用现在完成时，故选C。 5．句意：你也可以展示我们的。 us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；we我们，主格；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。根据“You can show…too.”可知，这里指展示我们的冒险旅行，空格后没有名词，应用名词性物主代词，故选D。 6．句意：这里一点乐趣都没有！ something某物；nothing没什么；everything所有东西；anything任何事情。根据“Nobody would like to see Dad changing a flat tire in the middle of nowhere!”可知，这里指一点乐趣都没有，故选B。 7．句意：但这就是这次旅行的伟大之处！ Or或者；But但是；And和；So因此。根据“We don’t know what surprises we might have! We’re on a true adventure!”可知，此处应表转折，所以用转折连词but，故选B。 8．句意：托尼兴奋地继续说。 excited激动的，修饰人；exciting令人激动的，修饰物；excitement激动，名词；excitedly激动地，副词。此处修饰动词，应用副词形式，故选D。 9．句意：我读到这里有一个神奇的地方。 a不定冠词，用在辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用在元音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词；/不填。此处表泛指，且amazing以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an，故选B。 10．句意：“我们最好安静……”她低声对托尼说。 could能；may可以；had better最好；would愿意。根据“But then she held her breath.”可知，此处是建议最好安静点，故选C。 11．句意：就在路的另一边，有一大群野马在草地上慢慢地走着。 another再一；other其它的；others其他人；the other两者之中的另一个。on the other side of the road意为“在马路的另一边”，故选D。 12．句意：这是她第一次看到像它们这样的动物。 one没有特指，一般指人；the first特指第一；first第一；the one代替前文提到的人或物。该句为句型“It’s one’s first time to do sth.”意为“某人第一次做某事”，故选C。 13．句意：“好吧，也许我们毕竟在进行一场真正的冒险，”塞雷娜一边说，一边迅速地从窗户拍下了马的照片。 through通过(内部)；across通过(平面)；in在……里；of在……的。根据“took a picture of the horses…the window”可知，这里指穿过窗户内部拍照，故选A。 14．句意：这一切都是因为我们的轮胎漏气了。 so所以；if如果；when当……时候；because因为。根据“And all…we got a flat tire.”可知，这里指这一切都是因为我们的轮胎漏气，故选D。 15．句意：所以，无论我们遇到什么，都要尽量保持愉快！ cheerful愉快的，形容词；more cheerful比较级；most cheerful最高级；cheerfully愉快地，副词。根据句中be可知，此处应用形容词作表语，又因为“as+形容词原级+as”表示“和……一样”，故选A。 5.（23-24八年级上·广东广州·期末） When you’re leaning 1 new language, there are a lot of things to remember: spelling rules, grammar rules, punctuation rules...the list is endless. But there’s 2 that can help you: mnemonics (助记符号). Mnemonics are techniques to help you remember things. There are a variety of them, 3 rhymes, spelling acronyms (首字母缩略词) and sentence mnemonics. Rhymes are a great way 4 things. The sounds, unusual words and rhythm of them help you recall ideas. Do you know when Columbus sailed to America? There’s a thyme to help you which goes like this, “ 5 fourteen-hundred and ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue.” Most people 6 that since they 7 young and never forget it! Spelling acronyms involve creating a sentence 8 on the letters of a target word. For example, the following sentence can help you with the spelling of the word “because”, “Big elephants can always understand small elephants”. Notice how the 9 letter of each word in the sentence spells out the word “because”. This one 10 to remind you to include the “h” in the word “which”, “Which house is Cath’s house?” To spell Mississippi, a rhythm mnemonic is combined with a spelling one: “miss iss ippi”. And 11 you can’t remember the spelling of the word “mnemonics”, use this one “Mike never eats meat or nuts in case he is sick.” Sentence mnemonics are also 12 . The following can help you with the difference between the words “principal” and “principle”, “A principal is your pal at school, and a principle is a belief or rule.” Or this one to help you remember the difference in spelling between “deserts” (such as the Sahara) and “desserts” (such as Tiramisu), “A dessert has two sugars so it’s 13 but a desert only has one.” The two “sugars” mentioned in the sentence refer to the two s’s in the word “dessert”. Or this one to clear up the confusion between “stationery” and “stationary”, “The car is stationary. An envelope is stationery”. You can learn grammar rules with sentence mnemonics too. For example, this one 14 help you with the position of adjectives, “Adjectives come before nouns just as ’A’ comes before ‘N’.” And this one can help you learn about the use of apostrophes (撇号), “Apostrophes show possession (拥有).” Mnemonics can help a lot with language learning. Why not 15 inventing a few of your own! 1．A．an B．the C．a D．/ 2．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 3．A．to include B．includes C．including D．included 4．A．remember B．to remember C．remembered D．remembering 5．A．For B．To C．With D．In 6．A．learns B．learned C．have learned D．is learning 7．A．are B．were C．have been D．is being 8．A．to base B．basing C．base D．based 9．A．one B．first C．ones D．second 10．A．designing B．designed C．is designed D．is designing 11．A．because B．if C．when D．until 12．A．useful B．use C．usefully D．useless 13．A．sweetest B．sweet C．sweeter D．sweets 14．A．should B．can C．had better D．must 15．A．try B．to try C．trying D．tried 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．A 【导语】本文讲述了助记符号能够帮助我们学习语言。 1．句意：当你学习一门新语言的时候，有很多东西要记：拼写规则、语法规则、标点符号规则……这个清单无穷无尽。 an一（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素前）；the这个，那个（定冠词，表示特指）；a一（不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素前）；/不填，零冠词。根据“When you’re leaning...new language”可知，此处表示学习一门新语言，表示泛指，new以辅音音素开头，故选C。 2．句意：但是有样东西可以帮助你：助记符号。 something某物；anything任何事；nothing没有什么；everything所有东西。根据“But there’s...that can help you: mnemonics (助记符号).”可知，此处表示有样东西可以帮助你，故选A。 3．句意：它们有很多种，包括押韵、首字母缩略词和句子助记符。 to include包括（动词不定式）；includes包括（include的第三人称单数形式）；including包括（include的动词-ing形式）；included包括（include的过去式和过去分词）。分析“There are a variety of them...rhymes, spelling acronyms (首字母缩略词) and sentence mnemonics.”可知，此句是一个简单句，句中已包含be动词，主语a variety of them和动词include之间是主动关系，所以空格处用include的动词-ing形式作伴随状语，故选C。 4．句意：押韵是一个记住事物的好方法。 remember记住；to remember记住（动词不定式）；remembered记住（remember的过去式和过去分词）；remembering记住（remember的动词-ing形式）。a way to do sth.表示“一个做某事的方法”，故选B。 5．句意：在1492年，哥伦布航行在蓝色的海洋中。 For为了；To到；With和；In在……里面。根据空后的“fourteen-hundred and ninety-two”可知，此处表示1492年，in+年份表示“在某年”，故选D。 6．句意：大多数人从小就学会了它，并且永远不会忘记它！ learns学会（learn的第三人称单数形式）；learned学会（learn的过去式和过去分词）；have learned已经学会（现在完成时）；is learning正在学（现在进行时）。根据“since”可知，空格处应用现在完成时，其结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语Most people表示复数，所以助动词用have，故选C。 7．句意：大多数人从小就学会了它，并且永远不会忘记它！ are是；were是（are的过去式）；have been是（现在完成时）；is being是（现在进行时）。since +从句（从句用一般过去时）表示“自从……”，所以空格处应填动词的过去式，故选B。 8．句意：首字母缩略词需要基于目标单词的字母创造一个句子。 to base以……为基础（动词不定式）；basing以……为基础（base的动词-ing形式）；base以……为基础；based以……为基础（base的过去式和过去分词）。结合选项和“Spelling acronyms involve creating a sentence...on the letters of a target word.”可知，空格处作后置定语修饰名词sentence，sentence和动词base之间是被动关系，所以空格处应用base的过去分词作后置定语，故选D。 9．句意：注意这个句子中的每个单词的第一个字母是如何拼出单词“because”的。 one一；first第一；ones人们，它们（指代前面提到的人或事）；second第二。根据“Big elephants can always understand small elephants”可知，这句话中的每个单词的第一个字母可以拼出单词“because”，所以空格处应填first，first letter表示“第一个字母”，故选B。 10．句意：这个方法被设计出来提醒你在单词“which”中加上“h”。 designing设计（design的动词-ing形式）；designed设计（design的过去式和过去分词）；is designed被设计（被动语态）；is designing正在设计（现在进行时）。分析“This one”可知，此处表示这个方法，所以主语This one和动词design之间是被动关系，空格处应用被动语态，故选C。 11．句意：并且如果你记不住“助记符”这个单词的拼写， 你就用这句话“迈克从不吃肉和坚果，以防生病”。 because因为；if如果；when当……时；until直到。结合选项和“And...you can’t remember the spelling of the word ‘mnemonics’”可知，空格处应填if引导条件状语从句，表示假设，故选B。 12．句意：句子助记符也很有用。 useful有用的；use使用；usefully有用地；useless无用的。结合also和选项可知，此处表示句子助记符也很有用，空前有be动词are，所以空格处应填形容词useful“有用的”作表语，故选A。 13．句意：甜点有两块糖，所以它更甜，但是沙漠只有一块。 sweetest最甜；sweet甜的；sweeter更甜；sweets糖果。根据“A dessert has two sugars so it’s...but a desert only has one.”可知，此处暗含“dessert”和“desert”之间的比较，空格处应用比较级，结合选项可知，sweeter符合语境，故选C。 14．句意：例如，这个方法可以帮助你记住形容词的位置。 should应该；can可以；had better最好；must一定。结合选项和“this one...help you with the position of adjectives”可知，此处表示这个方法可以帮助你记住形容词的位置，空格处意为“可以”，故选B。 15．句意：为什么不尝试发明一些自己的助记符号呢？ try尝试，努力；to try尝试，努力（动词不定式）；trying尝试，努力（try的动词-ing形式）；tried尝试，努力（try的过去式和过去分词）。why not do sth“为什么不做某事”，是固定句型，故选A。 6.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） Throughout the year, there are many activities at school. One of 1 activities of the year is the food collection. For the past few years, this 2 very successful. Each school does its food collection 3 . However, most of the time it is set up in a similar style.     In my school, it usually lasts for 4 weeks. Students bring their food 5 home. The food should be kept for 6 long time, such as canned food and pastas. We 7 hold activities outside the school. Some students go door to door and ask people 8 them some food. Some set up boxes in churches and 9 areas such as stores or cinemas. The students all work hard and the members of the neighborhood are very supportive. After that time is over, we bring the collected food to our local Community Table. The families in our community can go for a warm meal 10 they need to. Usually, a group of students go with one teacher to send the food. I 11 food with our teacher last year. And I was 12 to see so many families under the problem of hunger. I was pleased that 13 school could help out all of those families. We do this several times each year. 14 great activity! Sure, we 15 change the world, but we can do our best to make our world a better place. 1．A．popular B．more popular C．most popular D．the most popular 2．A．is B．was C．been D．has been 3．A．different B．differently C．more different D．difference 4．A．few B．little C．a few D．a little 5．A．from B．at C．to D．into 6．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．A．too B．also C．either D．as well 8．A．give B．giving C．gave D．to give 9．A．others B．another C．other D．the others 10．A．so B．if C．though D．but 11．A．send B．sends C．sent D．will send 12．A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising D．surprises 13．A．we B．us C．our D．ourselves 14．A．How B．How a C．What D．What a 15．A．can’t B．needn’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的学校全年都会举办募捐食品活动来帮助社区有需要的人，虽然这个举动不能改变世界，但是可以让世界变得更美好。 1．句意：一年中最受欢迎的活动之一是收集食物。 popular“受欢迎的”，形容词原级；more popular“更受欢迎的”，形容词比较级；most popular“最受欢迎的”，形容词最高级；the most popular“最受欢迎的”，形容词最高级，前面有定冠词。根据题干，可知此处考查固定搭配one + of + the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”；故选D。 2．句意：在过去的几年里，这是非常成功的。 is“是”，be动词单数第三人称形式；was“是”，is/am的过去式；been“是”，be动词的过去分词；has been“是”，现在完成时。根据“For the past few years”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，主语this是单数，用has been。故选D。 3．句意：每个学校收集食物的方式都不一样 different“不同的”，形容词；differently“不同地”，副词；more different“更不同的”，比较级；difference“差别，不同”，名词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个副词来修饰动词does。故选B。 4．句意：在我的学校，它通常持续几个星期。 few“几乎没有”，修饰可数名词复数；little“几乎没有”，修饰不可数名词；a few“一些”，修饰可数名词复数；a little“一点”，修饰不可数名词。结合“weeks”和备选词汇可知，此处是指活动要持续数个星期，应用a few。故选C。 5．句意：学生们从家里自带食物。 from从；at在；to朝；into到……里。结合语境和备选词汇可知，此处是指学生从家带食物；选项A“从”符合语境。故选A。 6．句意：食品应长期保存，如罐头食品和面食。 a“一个”，表示泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前；an“一个”，表示泛指，用于以元音音素开头的单词前；the“这/那个，这/那些”，表特指；/表示不填，零冠词。结合语境可知，此处是指食物应保存长时间，应用不定冠词表示泛指，因为long是以辅音开头的单词，应用a来修饰。故选A。 7．句意：我们也举办校外活动。 too“也”，位于句末，前有逗号；also“也”，位于实义动词前；either“也”，用于否定句；as well“也”，用于句末。本句是肯定句，且空格位于实义动词前，应用also。故选B。 8．句意：一些学生挨家挨户地要求人们给他们一些食物。 give“给”，动词原形；giving“给”，现在分词或动名词；gave“给”，过去式；to give“给”，动词不定式。分析句子结构可知，此处考查ask sb. to do sth“请求某人做某事”，此处应用不定式作宾补。故选D。 9．句意：一些人在教堂和商店或电影院等其他地方设立了盒子。 others其他的人或物；another“另一个”，后接单数名词；other“其他的”，后接复数名词；the others其他的人或物。空格后面是复数名词areas，所以用other作定语。故选C。 10．句意：如果需要的话，我们社区的家庭可以去吃一顿热饭。 so所以；if如果；though尽管；but但是。结合语境和备选词汇可知，此处是指如果需要，社区家庭可以去吃饭，此处应用if来引导条件状语从句。故选B。 11．句意：去年我和老师一起送食物。 send“送”，动词原形；sends“送”，单数第三人称形式；sent“送”，过去式；will send“将要送”，一般将来时。根据“last year”可知，时态为一般过去时。故选C。 12．句意：我很惊讶地看到有这么多家庭面临饥饿的问题。 surprise使（某人）吃惊；surprised“感到惊讶的”，形容词修饰人；surprising“令人惊讶的”，形容词修饰物或事；surprises“使（某人）惊讶”，单数第三人称形式。由“I was…to…”可知，此处是来指我很惊讶，应用surprised。故选B。 13．句意：我很高兴我们的学校可以帮助所有这些家庭。 we“我们”，人称代词主格；us“我们”，人称代词宾格；our“我们的”，形容词性物主代词；ourselves“我们自己”，反身代词。由空前school可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词our作定语。故选C。 14．句意：多么棒的活动啊！ How对形容词感叹；what对名词感叹；what a对可数名词单数感叹。根据“...great activity!”可知此处考查感叹句， 感叹句结构为：how+形容词/副词+主谓；What + a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主谓；此处省略了主语和谓语，great是形容词，activity是可数名词单数，应用“what a”。故选D。 15．句意：当然，我们不能改变世界，但我们可以尽我们最大的努力使我们的世界变得更美好。 can’t不能；needn’t不必；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止。结合语境和备选词汇可知，此处是指我们不能改变世界，但我们可以尽最大努力让世界更美好；选项A“不能”符合语境。故选A。 7.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） Horse-riding is very popular in Europe, especially in England and Germany. It has 1 long history and is one of the traditional sports in England. It 2 one of the Olympic events since 1900. At first, only the rich and the noble 3 this sport. But now, more and more people around the world are 4 in horse-riding. For example, 5 in America and Canada learn to ride a horse at the age of 3 or 4. They ride a horse either for professional（专业的）match or just for fun. It’s a relaxing way for children 6 a horse on the farm. Do you want to know how to ride a horse? First, 7 onto the horse. Before you started riding a horse, you should move the horse out and learn to walk with it together. Then you can try to get onto 8 horse on the left side or the right side. It’s very important for you. Because when you are in danger, you can jump down on either side as 9 as you can. Next, sit on the horse correctly. When you ride a horse, you’d better 10 a straight through the ear, shoulder, hip（臀部）and heel（脚后跟）. Then, you have to learn how to move up and down 11 the same time as the horse runs. After you learn to walk on the horse around slowly, you can learn to go faster. That will make you feel amazed! Sounds easy? No. It’s 12 to ride a horse well than you think. Riding a horse can be a full experience. 13 , it takes a great deal of training and experience. 14 you want to learn to ride a horse well, you should go to a horse-riding school to take the lesson. Does 15 want to have a try? Come on! 1．A．the B．an C．a D．/ 2．A．has been B．is C．was D．have been 3．A．play B．have played C．are playing D．played 4．A．interest B．interests C．interested D．interesting 5．A．much B．many C．few D．little 6．A．to ride B．ride C．riding D．rode 7．A．getting B．get C．to get D．got 8．A．you B．your C．yours D．yourself 9．A．quick B．quicker C．quickly D．more quickly 10．A．draw B．drawing C．to draw D．drew 11．A．for B．about C．in D．at 12．A．difficult B．less difficult C．more difficult D．the most difficult 13．A．However B．But C．Also D．So 14．A．Where B．How C．What D．If 15．A．somebody B．anybody C．everybody D．nobody 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．D 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B 【导语】本文主要讲骑马的流行度及骑马的方法。 1．句意：它有着悠久的历史。 the定冠词，表示特指；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用于元音音素前；a定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素前；/零冠词。根据“long history”可知，此处指的是“一段悠久的历史”，应用不定冠词修饰，long是辅音音素开头的单词，应用a修饰，故选C。 2．句意：自1900年以来，它一直是奥运会项目之一。 has been现在完成时，主语是单数；is是；主语是单数名词或第三人称单数；was是，be动词的过去式；have been已经成为，现在完成时，主语是复数和第一二人称。根据“since”可知，用现在完成时，主语是it，助动词应用has，故选A。 3．句意：起初，只有富人和贵族参加这项运动。 play玩，动词原形；have played玩，现在完成时；are playing玩，现在进行时；played玩，过去式。根据“At first”可知，此处描述过去的事情，动词应用过去式，故选D。 4．句意：但现在，世界各地越来越多的人对骑马感兴趣。 interest兴趣，名词；interests利益，名词复数形式；interested感兴趣的；interesting有趣的。根据“are...in horse-riding”可知，此处是短语be interested in“对……感兴趣”，故选C。 5．句意：例如，美国和加拿大的许多人在3岁或4岁时就学会了骑马。 much很多，修饰不可数名词；many许多，修饰复数名词；few几乎没有，修饰复数名词；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据“in America and Canada learn to ride a horse at the age of 3 or 4”可知，此处指的是“美国和加拿大的许多人”，应用many修饰，故选B。 6．句意：孩子们在农场骑马是一种放松的方式。 to ride骑，不定式；ride骑，动词原形；riding骑，现在分词或动名词；rode骑，过去式。根据“It’s a relaxing way for children...a horse”可知，此处是结构“It is adj for sb to do sth”，故选A。 7．句意：首先，上马。 getting得到，现在分词或动名词；get得到，动词原形；to get得到，不定式；got得到，过去式。句子是祈使句，应以动词原形开头，故选B。 8．句意：然后你可以试着从左边或右边骑上你的马。 you你；your你的，形容词性物主代词；yours你的，名词性物主代词；yourself你自己。空处修饰其后的名词，应用形容词性物主代词，故选B。 9．句意：因为当你处于危险中时，你可以尽可能快地从两侧跳下来。 quick快的，形容词；quicker更快的；quickly快地，副词；more quickly更快地。根据“you can jump down on either side as...as you can.”可知，此处修饰动词，应用副词，故选C。 10．句意：当你骑马时，你最好拉直通过耳朵、肩膀，臀部和脚跟的绳子。 draw画，动词原形；drawing画，现在分词或动名词；to draw画，不定式；drew画，过去式。根据“you’d better”可知，此处是短语had better do sth“最好做某事”，故选A。 11．句意：然后，你必须学会如何在马奔跑的同时上下移动。 for为了；about关于；in在……里；at在。根据“the same time”可知，此处是at the same time“同时”，故选D。 12．句意：要把马骑好比你想象的要困难得多。 difficult困难的；less difficult更不困难的；more difficult更困难的；the most difficult最困难的。根据“Sounds easy? No.”可知，把马骑好比想象的更加困难，此处应用比较级形式more difficult，故选C。 13．句意：然而，这需要大量的训练和经验。 However然而；But但是；Also也；So因此。根据“Riding a horse can be a full experience...it takes a great deal of training and experience.”可知，两句之间转折关系，且空格与后句是隔开的，此处应用however连接，故选A。 14．句意：如果你想学好骑马，你应该去骑马学校上课。 Where哪里；How怎样；What什么；If如果；根据“...you want to learn to ride a horse well, you should go to a horse-riding school to take the lesson.”可知，空处是表条件的，应用if引导条件状语从句。故选D。 15．句意：有人想试试吗？来吧！ somebody某个人；anybody任何人；everybody每个人；nobody没有人。句子是疑问句，指的是“有人”，应用anybody，故选B。 8.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） There was once a king who had a great palace with a wonderful garden. He was happier than 1 else there. In the garden, there lived all kinds of animals. All of them enjoyed 2 there. The king was very happy with the whole garden except for 3 old tree in the centre of the garden. It was 4 old and dry that the king hated it very much. Finally, the king ordered some people 5 it down and turn the place into a swimming pool. 6 after the tree was cut down, the animals left the garden. Without the animals, the garden was not 7 before. The king was sad, but he didn’t know what had happened. A young man went to the king, and said he could 8 what had happened. “This was because you cut the old tree down.” said the young man. “There 9 some moths （飞蛾） living in the old tree. Birds needed to eat the moths and then they produced wastes for plants to grow. The plants then attracted many 10 animals to your garden. The animals wouldn’t leave your garden 11 you cut down the tree. So the tree is important 12 your garden because it can make your garden beautiful.” “Excellent!” said the king, “I’ll make you 13 rich if you make my garden beautiful again.” “I’m afraid you will spend many years on it. It 14 many years to get the natural balance （生态平衡）.” said the young man. The king was sad. This was 15 time he realized the importance of the tree. But all he could do was just to wait. 1．A．someone B．anyone C．no one D．everyone 2．A．them B．their C．theirs D．themselves 3．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 4．A．so B．very C．too D．quite 5．A．cut B．cutting C．to cut D．for cutting 6．A．And B．But C．Or D．So 7．A．as more beautiful as B．so beautiful than C．more beautiful as D．as beautiful as 8．A．explain B．explains C．explaining D．to explain 9．A．was B．were C．is D．are 10．A．other B．others C．another D．the other 11．A．if B．though C．so D．unless 12．A．of B．to C．towards D．on 13．A．to become B．becoming C．become D．becomes 14．A．take B．takes C．took D．will take 15．A．first B．one C．the first D．the one 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．A 11．D 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．C 【导语】本文主要是通过讲国王砍掉老树，动物们都离开了的故事来告诫大家：恢复自然平衡需要很多年。 1．句意：他比那里的任何人都幸福。 someone某人；anyone任何人；no one没有人；everyone每个人。根据“There was once a king who had a great palace with a wonderful garden.”可知，国王比宫殿里的任何人都幸福。故选B。 2．句意：它们都在那里玩得很开心。 them它们，宾格；their形容词性物主代词；theirs名词性物主代词；themselves反身代词。enjoy oneself“玩得开心”，固定短语，因此用反身代词。故选D。 3．句意：除了花园中央的一棵老树外，国王对整个花园都很满意。 a表泛指，用于辅音音素开头单词前；an表泛指，用于元音音素开头单词前；the表特指；/零冠词。根据“old tree in the centre of the garden”可知，此处表泛指一棵老树，且old是元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an。故选B。 4．句意：它又老又干，国王非常讨厌它。 so这么；very非常；too太；quite十分。根据“old and dry that”可知，此处是so+形容词+that从句“如此……以至于……”。故选A。 5．句意：最后，国王命令一些人把它砍倒，把这个地方变成了一个游泳池。 cut动词原形；cutting现在分词或动名词；to cut动词不定式；for cutting介词for+动名词。order sb to do sth“命令某人做某事”，固定短语。故选C。 6．句意：但树被砍倒后，动物们离开了花园。 And和；But但是；Or否则；So所以。根据“Finally, the king ordered some people ... it down and turn the place into a swimming pool ... after the tree was cut down, the animals left the garden.”可知，句子前后是转折关系，用but连接。故选B。 7．句意：没有动物，花园就没有以前那么漂亮了。 as more beautiful as结构错误；so beautiful than结构错误；more beautiful as结构错误；as beautiful as和……一样漂亮。根据“the garden was not ... before.”可知，此处是not as ... as“不及……一样”，中间用原级。故选D。 8．句意：一个年轻人去见国王，说他可以解释发生了什么事。 explain解释，动词原形；explains动词三单；explaining动名词或现在分词；to explain动词不定式。情态动词could后跟动词原形。故选A。 9．句意：那棵老树上住着一些飞蛾。 was是，be的过去式，主语是单数；were是，are的过去式，主语是复数或第二人称；is是，一般现在时，主语是单数；are一般现在时，主语是复数或第二人称。根据“There ... some moths”可知，本句是there be句型，主语是复数，由“needed”可知，时态为一般过去时，因此be用were。故选B。 10．句意：这些植物然后吸引了许多其他动物来到你的花园。 other其他的，后跟名词复数，表泛指；others其他人或物；another三者及以上另一个，后跟名词单数；the other两者中另一个，表特指。根据“animals”是复数可知，此处是泛指其他动物。故选A。 11．句意：如果你没有砍倒那棵树，这些动物不会离开你的花园。 if如果；though虽然；so所以；unless除非，如果不。根据“The animals wouldn’t leave your garden ... you cut down the tree.”可知，此处表示如果没有砍倒那棵树，动物们就不会离开花园，用unless引导条件状语从句。故选D。 12．句意：所以树对于你的花园很重要，因为它能使你的花园漂亮。 of……的；to到；towards朝着；on在……上。be important to“对……重要”，固定短语。故选B。 13．句意：如果你再把我的花园弄漂亮，我会让你变得富有。 to become变得，动词不定式；becoming动名词或现在分词；become动词原形；becomes动词三单。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，空处用原形。故选C。 14．句意：恢复自然平衡将需要很多年。 take花费，动词原形；takes动词三单；took动词过去式；will take一般将来时。根据“It ... many years to get the natural balance”可知，恢复自然平衡将需要很多年，时态为一般将来时。故选D。 15．句意：这是他第一次意识到这棵树的重要性。 first第一；one一；the first定冠词the+序数词；the one定冠词the+数词。根据“This was ... time”可知，此处是指第一次，序数词前需加the。故选C。 9.（21-22八年级上·广东广州·期末） Long long ago, a woman told the best stories. She got married to an emperor. Sadly, one day, this woman became ill and died. Everyone thought the emperor would soon find 1 favorite among his wives, 2 the emperor was too sad. He spent more and more time in his garden, and less and less time 3 for the needs of his people. Everyone in the Kingdom was 4 . One day, a priest（牧师）passed when some children 5 with their dolls. The dolls made dancing shadows 6 the wall. This gave the priest an idea. He knew the stories the emperor’s wife used to 7 . What if he could bring those stories to life? The priest made a puppet out of bits of clay. He 8 the puppet to look somewhat like the emperor’s wife. When the puppets was finished, the priest silently walked into the emperor’s garden, carrying his puppet, a candle, and a curtain. He placed 9 curtain near the emperor’s chair. He placed his candle, his puppet, and 10 behind the curtain. He waited for the emperor 11 . The emperor did not even notice the curtain at first. The dancing shadow drew his eyes. As the priest moved the puppet 12 the curtain, he told wonderful stories as the emperor’s wife did. It seemed as if his wife 13 time with him. The emperor was no longer 14 . At the end of each busy day, the emperor went into his garden 15 his shadow wife and hear her stories once again. That is how shadow puppets first began. 1．A．another B．other C．others D．the other 2．A．and B．but C．or D．so 3．A．care B．to care C．cared D．caring 4．A．worry B．to worry C．worried D．worriedly 5．A．play B．played C．are playing D．were playing 6．A．on B．in C．above D．outside 7．A．tell B．telling C．be told D．be telling 8．A．paint B．is painting C．painted D．was painting 9．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 10．A．he B．his C．him D．himself 11．A．appear B．to appear C．appearing D．appeared 12．A．before B．behind C．beside D．below 13．A．spends B．was spent C．was spending D．had spent 14．A．sad B．sadly C．sadness D．sadder 15．A．visit B．to visit C．visiting D．to be visited 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．B 13．C 14．A 15．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了古代中国一位皇帝丧失爱妻之后很忧伤，因此牧师设计出了皮影戏，帮助皇帝走出了悲痛，这也是皮影戏如何诞生的故事。 1．句意：每个人都认为皇帝很快就会在他的妻子中找到另一个心爱的人，但是皇帝太伤心了。 another（三者或以上中的）另一个；other其他的；others其他人/物；the other（两者中的另一个）。“favorite ”是单数名词，结合“among his wives”可知，此处是泛指多个中的另一个，所以用another，故选A。 2．句意：每个人都认为皇帝很快就会在他的妻子中找到另一个心爱的人，但是皇帝太伤心了。 and和；but但是；or或者；so因此。空前讲的是“会找到另一个心爱的人”，空后讲“太伤心了”，前后之间是转折关系，所以用but连接，故选B。 3．句意：他花在花园上的时间越来越多，关心他的人民的时间越来越少。 care关心，原形；to care关心，动词不定式；cared关心，过去式/过去分词；caring关心，现在分词/动名词。 spend time doing sth“花费时间做某事”，所以空处用动名词作宾语，故选D。 4．句意：王国里的每个人都很担心。 worry担心，原形；to worry担心，动词不定式；worried担心的，形容词；worriedly担心地，副词。 are后跟形容词作宾语，修饰人，所以用worried，故选C。 5．句意：一天，当孩子们在玩布娃娃的时候，一位牧师经过了。 play玩，原形；played玩，过去式/过去分词；are playing现在进行时；were playing过去进行时。根据“a priest（牧师）passed when some children... with their dolls.” 可知，此处指牧师经过时，孩子们正在玩耍，所以空处用进行时，主句是一般过去时，所以从句用过去进行时，故选D。 6．句意：娃娃们在墙上形成了跳舞的影子。 on在……上；in在……里；above在……上方；outside在……的外面。此处指在墙的表面是娃娃的影子，所以用介词on，故选A。 7．句意：他知道皇帝的妻子曾经讲过的故事。 tell告诉，原形；telling告诉，现在分词；be told被动语态；be telling进行时。used to do sth“曾经做过某事”，此处指曾讲过故事，故选A。 8．句意：他把木偶画得有点像皇帝的妻子。 paint画，原形；is painting现在进行时；painted画，过去式；was painting过去进行时。 根据“The priest made”可知，时态是一般过去时，所以此处用动词的过去式，故选C。 9．句意：他在皇帝的椅子附近放了一块窗帘。 a不定冠词，表示泛指，用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，表示泛指，用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；the定冠词，表示特指；/ 不填。上文已经提到过curtain，再次提到应用定冠词the表特指，故选C。 10．句意：他把蜡烛、木偶和他自己都放在窗帘后面。 he他，主格；his他的；him他，宾格；himself他自己。主语是He，此处指“把他自己也放在帘子后面”，所以用反身代词，故选D。 11．句意：他等待着皇帝的出现。 appear出现，原形；to appear出现，不定式；appearing出现，现在分词；appeared出现，过去式/过去分词。wait for sb to do sth.“等待某人做某事”，固定短语，故选B。 12．句意：牧师一边在帘子后面移动这木偶，一边像皇帝的妻子一样讲着精彩的故事。 before在……之前；behind在……后面；beside在……旁边；below在……下面。根据上文“He placed his candle, his puppet, and ... behind the curtain”可知，木偶在帘子后面，故选B。 13．句意：他的妻子似乎一直在陪他。 spends花钱，动词三单形式；was spent一般过去式的被动语态；was spending过去进行时；had spent过去完成时。根据“he told wonderful stories as the emperor’s wife did. ”可知，牧师的操作让皇帝感觉自己的妻子正在与自己共度时光，所以此处用进行时，主句是一般过去时，所以此处用过去进行时，故选C。 14．句意：皇帝不再伤心了。 sad难过的，形容词；sadly难过地，副词； sadness悲伤，悲痛，名词；sadder更难过的。 was后跟形容词作表语，no longer+形容词，表示“不再……”，故选A。 15．句意：每天忙碌的一天结束后，皇帝都会去花园看望他的影子妻子，再次听她讲故事。 visit看望，原形；to visit看望，不定式；visiting看望，现在分词；to be visited看望，不定式的被动式。去花园的目的是为了看望他的影子妻子，所以用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。 10.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 When I was twelve years old, my family lived next to a forest. Every evening, mockingbirds would come and rest in the trees and sing. I enjoyed 1 singing so much that I decided to catch a young bird. In this way, I could hear it sing for me every day. I finally succeeded in 2 one and put it in a cage. At first, the bird was very frightened, so it fluttered (扑腾) in 3 new home all the time. Several days later, it was used to living in this new home. The next day, the little bird’s mother flew to the cage with 4 food in her mouth. The baby bird looked very 5 and ate everything that the mother brought to it. I was so happy to see this 6 the mother knew how to take care of her baby well. But 7 the third morning, I found it dead. I was terribly surprised and cried at once. I didn’t know what happened. Arthur Wayne, a friend of my father’s, was a famous ornithologist (鸟类学家). She was visiting my father at that time. 8 she knew the whole thing, she explained to me. If a mother mockingbird finds her baby is kept in a cage, she will bring it poisonous berries (毒莓). She thinks it’s 9 for her baby to die than to lose freedom. Since then I 10 any living animal and put it in a cage. All living things have a right to live free. 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．caught B．catching C．catch D．to catch 3．A．it’s B．its’ C．it D．its 4．A．few B．any C．some D．little 5．A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．happier 6．A．and B．because C．but D．though 7．A．in B．for C．at D．on 8．A．If B．When C．Unless D．Although 9．A．good B．well C．better D．best 10．A．haven’t caught B．won’t catch C．don’t catch D．didn’t catch 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述了作者抓了一只小知更鸟，关在笼子里。一只鸟妈妈来给小鸟喂食。后来，这只小鸟死了。原来，这只鸟妈妈认为她的孩子死了总比失去自由好。自那时起，作者再也不抓任何活着的动物，关进笼子里。 1．句意：我非常喜欢这歌声，所以我决定抓一只小鸟。 a一个，修饰辅音音素开头的单数名词；an一个，修饰元音音素开头的单数名词；the那个，表示特指；/是零冠词。根据“Every evening, mockingbird would come and rest in the trees and sing.”可知，此处指的是前文提到的鸟唱的歌声，应用定冠词表示特指，故选C。 2．句意：我终于成功抓到一只，放在笼子里。 caught抓住，过去式；catching动名词；catch动词原形；to catch不定式。此处是固定词组，succeed in doing sth“成功做某事”，故选B。 3．句意：起初，这只鸟非常害怕，所以它一直在它的新家里扑腾。 it’s它是；its’错误结构；it它；its它的。这里修饰名词短语“new home”用形容词性物主代词its，故选D。 4．句意：第二天，小鸟的妈妈叼着一些食物飞向笼子。 few几乎没有，修饰可数名词；any一些，常用在否定句或者疑问句中；some一些，修饰可数名词或者不可数名词，常用在肯定句中；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词。根据下文“The baby bird looked very...and ate everything that the mother brought to it.”可知，鸟妈妈叼了一些食物，且句子是肯定句，所以是some。故选C。 5．句意：小鸟看起来很开心，吃了妈妈带给它的所有东西。 happy开心的；happily开心地；happiness开心；happier更开心的。look是系动词，后跟形容词作表语，故选A。 6．句意：我很高兴看到这一点，因为母亲知道如何照顾好她的孩子。 and和；because因为；but但是；though尽管。根据“I was so happy to see this...the mother knew how to take care of her baby well.”可知，题空前后两个句子之间是因果关系，所以这里填连词because。故选B。 7．句意：但是第三天早上，我发现它死了。 in用于泛指的年、月、季节等前；for为了；at用于具体的钟点前；on用于具体的某一天前或某一天的上/下午/晚上前。根据“the third morning”可知，此处表示在具体某一天早上，用介词on，故选D。 8．句意：当她知道整件事后，她向我解释了。 If如果；When当……时候；Unless除非；Although尽管。结合句意，她给我解释原因，应是她知道了这件事的时候，故选B。 9．句意：她认为她的孩子死了总比失去自由好。 good好的，形容词原级；well好地，副词原级；better更好的，比较级；best最好的，最高级。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级，故选C。 10．句意：从那以后，我再也没有在笼子里抓过任何活着的动物。 haven’t caught没有抓住，现在完成时；won’t catch不会抓住，一般将来时；don’t catch没有抓住，一般现在时；didn’t catch没有抓住，一般过去时。根据时间状语“Since then”可知，句子用现在完成时，故选A。 11.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 If you are going to study in a foreign country, what can you do to feel less lonely? Well, here I will give some advice 1 you. First, always say yes. Of course, if you feel uncomfortable in some way, don’t agree. I mean, try not to refuse (拒绝) 2 invitation. By saying yes, you get the chance to meet lots of people and learn a lot from them. Second, find a hobby or try 3 . Join a dance class, a chess club or a cooking class! This is a good way to make your life 4 than before. Third, take language classes. By taking them, you 5 improve your language and you will meet a lot of people who are also looking forward to 6 new friends. Fourth, get out of your house! Spending long hours in front of your computer will make you more lonely. So you had better 7 out to find new and exciting places in your neighborhood. Lastly, don’t just stand there 8 . When you are at a party, don’t be shy. Be friendly with 9 . Try to talk with them. It’s OK to ask your friends to introduce new friends to you. If you follow the above, you 10 a good time in a foreign country. 1．A．helping B．to help C．helps D．help 2．A．the B．/ C．an D．a 3．A．anything new B．new anything C．something new D．new something 4．A．interesting B．more interesting C．the most interesting D．most interesting 5．A．should B．need C．had better D．can 6．A．make B．makes C．made D．making 7．A．go B．will go C．going D．goes 8．A．quietly B．quiet C．more quietly D．quietness 9．A．other B．the other C．another D．others 10．A．have B．has C．had D．will have 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．D 10．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了去外国留学减少孤独的方法。 1．句意：好吧，这里我会给你一些建议来帮助你。 helping帮助，动词现在分词；to help帮助，动词不定式；helps帮助，动词单三；help帮助，动词原形。根据“Well, here I will give some advice”，可知空处是动词不定式作宾语补足语。故选B。 2．句意：我的意思是，尽量不拒绝邀请。 the定冠词；/零冠词；an不定冠词，用于元音音素前；a不定冠词，用于辅音音素前。空处表泛指，invitation以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故选C。 3．句意：第二，找一个爱好或尝试一些新的东西。 anything new一些新东西，用于疑问句和否定句；new anything错误表达；something new一些新东西，用于肯定句；new something错误表达。该句是肯定句，且形容词修饰不定代词要后置。故选C。 4．句意：这是一个让你的生活比之前更有趣的好方法。 interesting有趣的；more interesting更有趣，比较级；the most interesting最有趣，最高级；most interesting错误表达。根据空后than，可知空处应为比较级。故选B。 5．句意：通过上语言课，你可以熟练你的语言，你会遇到很多同样期待交新朋友的人。 should应该；need需要；had better最好；can可以。根据“Third, take language classes. By taking them”，可知上语言课可以熟练语言。故选D。 6．句意：通过上语言课，你可以熟练你的语言，你会遇到很多同样期待交新朋友的人。 make动词原形；makes动词单三；made动词过去式；making动名词。短语“期待做某事”，英文表达为look forward to doing。故选D。 7．句意：因此你最好在你的社区里寻找新的让人兴奋的地方。 go去，动词原形；will go将去，一般将来时；going去，现在分词；goes去，动词单三。短语“最好做某事”，英文表达为had better do。故选A。 8．句意：最后，不要只是安静地站在这。 quietly安静地，副词；quiet安静的，形容词；more quietly更安静地，副词比较级；quietness安静，名词。根据“don’t just stand there”，可知空处应为副词修饰动词stand。故选A。 9．句意：与其他人友好相处。 other其他的；the other剩余的；another另一个；others其余的。根据“When you are at a party, don’t be shy.”，可知参加聚会有很多人，范围不确定的“其余的”用others。故选D。 10．句意：如果你按照上边的方法，你会在外国玩得很开心。 have动词原形；has动词单三；had动词过去式；will have一般将来时。根据“If you follow the above”，可知该句为if引导的条件状语从句，时态为主将从现。故选D。 12.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 There was once a king who had a great palace with a wonderful garden. He was happier than 1 else there. In the garden, there lived all kinds of animals. All of them enjoyed 2 there. The king was very happy with the whole garden except for 3 old tree in the centre of the garden. It was 4 old and dry that the king hated it very much. Finally, the king ordered some people 5 it down and turn the place into a swimming pool. 6 after the tree was cut down, the animals left the garden. Without the animals, the garden was not 7 before. The king was sad, but he didn’t know what had happened. A young man went to the king, and said he could 8 what had happened. “This was because you cut the old tree down.” said the young man. “There 9 some moths (飞蛾) living in the old tree. Birds needed to eat the moths and then they produced wastes for plants to grow. The plants then attracted many 10 animals to your garden. The animals wouldn’t leave your garden 11 you cut down the tree. So the tree is important 12 your garden because it can make your garden beautiful.” “Excellent!” said the king. “I’ll make you 13 rich if you make my garden beautiful again.” “I’m afraid you will spend many years on it. It 14 many years to get the natural balance (自然平衡).” Said the young man. The king was sad. This was 15 time he realized the importance of the tree. But all he could do was just to wait. 1．A．anyone B．someone C．no one D．everyone 2．A．them B．their C．theirs D．themselves 3．A．the B．a C．an D．/ 4．A．too B．very C．so D．such 5．A．cut B．cutting C．for cutting D．to cut 6．A．And B．So C．Or D．But 7．A．as more beautiful as B．so beautiful than C．more beautiful as D．as beautiful as 8．A．explain B．explains C．explaining D．to explain 9．A．was B．is C．were` D．are 10．A．another B．others C．other D．the other 11．A．if B．though C．so D．unless 12．A．to B．of C．towards D．on 13．A．become B．becoming C．to become D．becomes 14．A．take B．took C．will take D．has taken 15．A．first B．one C．the first D．the one 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．D 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．A 14．C 15．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个无知的国王，因为讨厌一棵古树又老又干枯而砍掉了它，最终导致自己失去了美丽的花园。 1．句意：他比那里其他的任何一个人都要更加开心。 anyone任何人；someone某个人；no one没有人；everyone所有人。根据“ He was happier than ... else there.”可知，此处和else构成短语，分析选项可知，anyone else“其他任何人”符合语境。故选A。 2．句意：他们在那里都玩的很开心。 them他们，宾格；their他们的；theirs他们的东西；themselves他们自己。根据“All of them enjoyed ... there.”可知，此处是固定搭配enjoy oneself“玩的开心”。故选D。 3．句意：除了花园正中的一棵古树之外，国王队整个花园都非常满意。 the这个；a一个；an一个；/零冠词。根据“old tree”可知，此处是泛指一棵树，应用不定冠词，结合old首音标是元音音标，应用an。故选C。 4．句意：它如此的老并且干枯以至于国王非常恨它。 too太；very非常；so如此；such如此。根据“It was... old and dry that the king hated it very much.”可知，此处是固定短语so/such ... that “如此……以致于”，结合“old and dry”可知，此处是形容词应用so。故选C。 5．句意：最后，国王命令一些人把树砍到，并且把这个地方变成一个游泳池。 cut切；cutting  for为了……切；cutting切；to cut切。根据“Finally, the king ordered some people”可知，此处是固定搭配order sb to do“命令某人做某事”，此处应用动词不定式。故选D。 6．句意：但是在树被砍倒之后，动物们离开了花园。 And并且；So所以；Or或者，否则；But但是。根据“old and dry ”可知，这棵树长得又老又干枯，砍掉之后，花园应当是变得更宽敞好看了，和后文动物们离开，构成转折。故选D。 7．句意：没有了动物，花园不像以前一样漂亮。 as more beautiful as错误表述；so beautiful than错误表述；more beautiful as错误表述；as beautiful as和……一样漂亮。根据“the garden was not... before. ”可知，此处是固定搭配not as/so ... as “不如……”。中间应用形容词的原级。故选D。 8．句意：一个年轻人来到国王面前，并且说他能够解释发生了什么。 explain解释；explains解释；explaining解释；to explain解释。根据“A young man went to the king, and said he could”可知，could之后应用动词原形。故选A。 9．句意：在这颗古树上有一些飞蛾。 was是，单数，过去式；is是，单数；were是，复数，过去式；are是，复数。根据“This was because you cut the old tree down.”可知，此处的时态是一般过去时，排除选项BD；结合“some moths (飞蛾) living in the old tree.”可知，此处名词是复数，横线上也应当是复数。故选C。 10．句意：这些植物然后吸引了许多其他动物到你的花园来。 another（三者及以上）另一个；others其他人；other其他，后加名词复数；the other（两者中的）另一个。根据“The plants then attracted many ... animals to your garden.”可知，横线后有名词，而且是复数，应用other。故选C。 11．句意：如果你不砍树，动物们将不会离开你的花园。 if如果；though虽然；so所以；unless除非，如果不。根据“The animals wouldn’t leave your garden ... you cut down the tree.”可知，此处给到了一个假设，应当是条件状语从句，结合句意可知，如果不砍树，动物不离开，应用unless“如果不”。故选D。 12．句意：所以这棵树对你的花园来说是很重要的。 to对于；of的；towards朝着；on在上面。根据“So the tree is important ... your garden”可知，此处是固定搭配be important to“对于……很重要”，应用介词to。故选A。 13．句意：如果你让我的花园再次漂亮起来，我就会让你变得富有。 become变得；becoming变得；to become变得；becomes变得。根据 “I’ll make you ... rich if you make my garden beautiful again.”可知，此处是固定搭配make sb do sth“让某人做某事”，此处应用动词原形。故选A。 14．句意：达到自然平衡要花费很多年。 take花费；took花费；will take花费；has taken已经花费。根据“It ... many years to get the natural balance (自然平衡).”可知，此处考查时态，根据上文可知，树已经砍倒了，此处的自然平衡是以后的事情，应用一般将来时。故选C。 15．句意：这是他第一次意识到树的重要性。 first第一；one一个；the first第一；the one这个。根据“This was ... time he realized the importance of the tree.”可知，此处time指的是次数，结合选项，此处是第一次，序数词前面应用定冠词the修饰。故选C。 13.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） Science fiction is a popular kind of writing, and many people think of Jules Verne as the father of science fiction. He was born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to become a lawyer, 1 when he was about twenty years old, Verne decided to become a writer. At first, he wrote plays for the theatre. Then, in 1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a Balloon. The 2 of this book encouraged him 3 more stories such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth（1864）and From the Earth to the Moon（1865）. In the 19th century, many people were 4 in science and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific subjects in his stories and they were very popular. Verne’s writing included many predictions（预言）for the 5 century and many of them came true. He described space flight, movies, and air conditioning, 6 long time before they appeared. These books were very successful and 7 made Verne rich. Jules Verne’s books 8 the subjects of many movies for many years. 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea was a wonderful movie for Walt Disney. It was the first Disney movie to use real actors instead of cartoon drawings. Around the World in Eighty Days is 9 famous movie based on one of Verne’s 10 . 1．A．and B．but C．or D．so 2．A．succeed B．successfully C．successful D．success 3．A．write B．writing C．to write D．written 4．A．interest B．interested C．interests D．interesting 5．A．twentieth B．twenties C．twentieths D．twenty 6．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 7．A．them B．they C．themselves D．theirs 8．A．are B．are being C．will be D．have been 9．A．other B．others C．another D．the other 10．A．book B．booking C．booked D．books 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文介绍了科幻小说之父儒勒·凡尔纳以及他的主要作品。 1．句意：他的父亲希望他成为一名律师，但在20岁左右，凡尔纳决定成为一名作家。 and和；but但是；or或者；so所以。根据“His father wanted him to become a lawyer…when he was about twenty years old, Verne decided to become a writer.”可知，他的父亲希望他成为一名律师，凡尔纳决定成为一名作家，所以此处表转折关系。故选B。 2．句意：这本书的成功鼓励他写更多故事，例如《地心旅行记》（1864）和《从地球到月球》（1865）。 succeed成功，动词；successfully成功地，副词；successful成功的，形容词；success成功，名词。根据语境和空格前的定冠词，可知此处应填名词。故选D。 3．句意：这本书的成功鼓励他写更多故事，例如《地心旅行记》（1864）和《从地球到月球》（1865）。 write写，动词原形；writing写，动名词；to write写，不定式；written写，过去分词。encourage sb. to do sth.意为“鼓励某人做某事”，固定短语。所以本空要用动词不定式。故选C。 4．句意：在19世纪，很多人对科学和发明感兴趣。 interest兴趣，名词单数形式；interested感兴趣的；interests兴趣，名词复数形式；interesting有趣的。be interested in意为“对……感兴趣”，固定短语。故选B。 5．句意：凡尔纳的作品包括对20世纪的很多预言，其中很多都实现了。 twentieth第二十；twenties二十年代；twentieths错误的表达形式；twenty二十。“在某世纪”正确的表达形式是in+the+序数词。故选A。 6．句意：在太空飞行、电影和空调出现之前很长一段时间，他就描述了它们。 a一个，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an一个，用于元音音素开头的单词前；the这个，那个，表特指；/不填。根据“…long time很长一段时间”可知，应填不定冠词，long是辅音音素开头。故选A。 7．句意：这些书非常成功，它们使凡尔纳富有。 them他们，宾格；they他们，主格；themselves他们自己；theirs他们的，名词性物主代词。根据“These books were very successful这些书非常成功”可知，是这些书使凡尔纳富有，并且在句中作主语，代词应是主格they。故选B。 8．句意：儒勒·凡尔纳的书多年来一直是许多电影的主题。 are是；are being后需加过去分词，构成进行时的被动语态；will be将会是，一般将来时；have been已经是，现在完成时。for many years 意为“长达许多年”，for+时间段，意为“长达……”，用于现在完成时。故选D。 9．句意：《八十天环游世界》是凡尔纳的一本书改编的另一部著名电影。 other其他的，修饰复数名词；others其他人或事；another泛指另一个；the other特指两者中的另一个。根据“20,000 Leagues Under the Sea was a wonderful movie for Walt Disney.”可知，《海底两万里》是一部精彩的迪士尼电影。所以此处要表达“《八十天环游世界》是另一部著名的电影”，泛指另一个用another。故选C。 10．句意：《八十天环游世界》是凡尔纳的一本书改编的另一部著名电影。 book书，名词单数形式；booking预订，动名词；booked预订，过去式；books书，名词复数形式。one of+名词复数形式，表示“……之一”。故选D。 14.（22-23八年级上·广东广州·期末） I still remember I fell in love with English from a very young age, because I thought it was such 1 useful language. Full of strong wishes of learning English, I began to learn it. But soon I found it 2 than expected. There were 3 words, expressions and many 4 things to remember. And even if I knew 5 , I can’t use them correctly and exactly. And I did very 6 in my first English test. I was 7 it. This made me upset and dropped my interest in English. When I was 8 trouble, my English teacher gave me much help. I knew that interest didn’t mean everything and I should have some learning methods. I did as he said and tried many different ways of 9 English. As the days went by, I could do better and better and became 10 in it. 11 summer vacation, an old lady from Australia visited my school. She had a talk with us. It was the first time 12 a foreigner. I got 13 nervous at first, but soon I found it exciting to talk with her, and I learned 14 from her. How I wish to practice 15 English with foreigners every day! 1．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 2．A．difficult B．more difficult C．difficultly D．more difficultly 3．A．many too B．too much C．much too D．too many 4．A．other B．others C．another D．the others 5．A．how to write them B．how should I write them C．what to write them D．what to write 6．A．well B．worse C．bad D．badly 7．A．worry about B．worried to C．worry to D．worried about 8．A．in B．on C．have D．get 9．A．learn B．to learn C．learning D．learnt 10．A．interested and interested B．more interested and more interested C．more and more interesting D．more and more interested 11．A．For B．During C．Across D．Through 12．A．meet B．to meet C．to meeting D．met 13．A．a little B．little C．many D．much 14．A．a lot B．a lot of C．lots of D．a lots of 15．A．speak B．spoken C．speaking D．to speak 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．B 13．A 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者学习英语的经历。 1．句意：我还记得我从很小的时候就爱上了英语，因为我认为这是一门非常有用的语言。 a不定冠词，用在以辅音音素开头的单词前；an不定冠词，用在以元音音素开头的单词前；the特指；/零冠词。such a/an+adj.+名词单数，useful是辅音音素开头的单词，故选A。 2．句意：但很快，我发现这比预期的更困难。 difficult困难的；more difficult更困难的；difficultly困难地（副词）；more difficultly更困难地（副词）。根据than可知此处用比较级，排除选项A和C；再根据固定句型“find it+adj.发现……怎么样”可知此空用形容词比较级。故选B。 3．句意：有太多的单词、表达和许多其他事情需要记住。 many too错误形式；too much太多（修饰不可数名词）；much too太；too many太多（修饰可数名词复数）。根据“words”可知此处用too many修饰。故选D。 4．句意：有太多的单词、表达和许多其它事情需要记住。 other其它的（后接名词复数）；others其它的（=other+名词复数）；another另一个（后接名词单数）；the others另一些（特指）。此处修饰复数名词things，用other。故选A。 5．句意：即使我知道怎么写，我也不能正确准确地使用它们。 how to write them如何写它们；how should I write them应该如何写它们（疑问语序）；what to write them错误形式；what to write写什么。根据“I can’t use them correctly and exactly.”可知是知道如何写。故选A。 6．句意：我第一次英语考试考得很差。 well好地；worse更差地；bad差的（形容词）；badly差地。根据“I can’t use them correctly and exactly.”可知第一次考试考得很差，用副词修饰动词did。故选D。 7．句意：我很担心。 worry about担心（动词短语）；worried to担心做某事（形容词短语）；worry to担心做某事（动词短语）；worried about担心（形容词短语）。be worried about“担心”，固定搭配。故选D。 8．句意： 当我遇到困难时，我的英语老师给了我很多帮助。 in在里面；on在上面；have有；get获得。be in trouble“遇到困难”，固定搭配。故选A。 9．句意：我照他说的做了，尝试了许多不同的学习英语的方法。 learn原形；to learn不定式；learning动名词或现在分词；learnt过去式。of是介词，后接动名词。故选C。 10．句意：随着时间的流逝，我学得越来越好，并且越来越感兴趣。 interested and interested错误形式；more interested and more interested错误形式；more and more interesting越来越有趣的（形容物）；more and more interested越来越感兴趣的。比较级+and+比较级，意为“越来越.”；become interested in sth.“变得对某事感兴趣”，固定搭配。故选D。 11．句意：在暑假期间，一位来自澳大利亚的老太太参观了我的学校。 For为了；During在……期间；Across穿过；Through穿过。根据“summer vacation”可知是在暑假期间。故选B。 12．句意：这是第一次见到外国人。 meet原形；to meet不定式；to meeting介词和动名词；met过去式。it is the first time to do sth.“这是第一次做某事”，固定句型。故选B。 13．句意：一开始我有点紧张，但很快我发现和她交谈很令人兴奋，我从她身上学到了很多。 a little一点（修饰不可数名词或形容词）；little很少（修饰不可数名词）；many很多（修饰可数名词复数）；much很多（修饰不可数名词）。修饰形容词用a little，表示“有点紧张”。故选A。 14．句意：一开始我有点紧张，但很快我发现和她交谈很令人兴奋，我从她身上学到了很多。 a lot很多；a lot of很多；lots of很多（既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词）；a lots of错误形式。learn a lot“学到很多”。故选A。 15．句意：我多么希望每天和外国人练习说英语！ speak动词原形；spoken过去分词；speaking动名词或现在分词；to speak不定式。practice doing sth.“练习做某事”，固定搭配。故选C。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$