专题03 比较级和最高级-【寒假分层作业】2025年八年级英语寒假培优练（人教版）

专题03 比较级和最高级 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练 考点一 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的变化 考点二 形容词和副词比较级的用法 考点三 形容词和副词最高级的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的变化 【知识积累·练前热身】 1. 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的规则变化 情况 改法 例词 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节和少数双音节 比较级在词尾加-er 最高级在词尾加-est tall, clever taller, cleverer tallest, cleverest 以e结尾的单音节词 比较级在词尾加-r 最高级在词尾加-st late large later larger latest largest 重读闭音节结尾且词末只有一个辅音字母 比较级双写词尾，加-er 最高级双写词尾，加-est big thin bigger thinner biggest thinnest “辅音字母+y”结尾 比较级改y为i, 加-er easy easier easiest 部分双音节和所有多音节词 比较级在词前加more 最高级在词前加most useful beautifully more useful more beautifully most useful most beautifully 2.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的不规则变化 good/well-better-best bad/badly-worse-worst many/much-more-most little-less-least far-farther/further-farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest 一、单项选择 1．Mr. Chen is ________ than anyone I know. It’s hard to see him laugh. A．serious B．more serious C．the most serious 【答案】B 【详解】句意：陈老师比我认识的所有人都严肃。很难看见他笑 考查形容词的比较级。serious严肃的；more serious比较级；the most serious最高级。根据“...than anyone I know”可知，考查形容词的比较级，serious的比较级more serious。故选B。 2．Shanghai is a ________ city than Tianjin. A．busily B．busy C．busier D．more busy 【答案】C 【详解】句意；比起天津，上海是一个更加繁忙的城市。 考查比较级。busily忙碌地，副词；busy忙碌的，形容词；busier更繁忙的，比较级；more busy错误表达。根据空后的“than”可知，此处用比较级形式。故选C。 3．Yesterday we all went shopping. I had ________ money so I bought ________ things. A．the least; the fewest B．the fewest; the least C．less; fewer D．fewer; less 【答案】A 【详解】句意：昨天我们都去购物了。我有最少的钱，所以我买了最少的东西。 考查形容词辨析及形容词的最高级。less是little的比较级，least是little的最高级，修饰不可数名词；fewer是few的比较级，fewest是few的最高级，修饰可数名词。money是不可数名词，应用“less”或“least”修饰，排除选项B和D；根据“all”可知应用最高级。故选A。 4．Shanghai is the first ________ famous city in China. It covers an area of 6,340 square kilometres. A．most B．more C．least D．less 【答案】A 【详解】句意：上海是中国第一个最著名的城市。它占地6340平方公里。 考查形容词的最高级。most最多的；more更多的；least最少的；less更少的。根据“Shanghai is the first...famous city in China.”可知，此处为“the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词”的用法，意为“第……最……的……”，famous的最高级为most famous“最著名的”。故选A。 5．He runs much ________ than anyone else. A．quickly B．quick C．quickest D．more quickly 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他跑的比其他人都快。 考查副词比较级。quickly快地，副词；quick快速的，形容词；quickest最快的；more quickly更快地。根据than可知，此空为比较级，此空为副词修饰动词。故选D。 6．—Tina won the speaking competition again. —Yes, I think no one can do ________ than her. A．better B．worse C．less 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——蒂娜又赢得了演讲比赛。——是的，我觉得没有人能比她做得更好。 考查副词的比较级。better更好；worse更糟糕；less更少。根据“Tina won the speaking competition again. Yes, I think no one can do…than her.”可知，此处应表达没有人比蒂娜做得更好，根据than可知，此处应用比较级。故选A。 7．— Who runs ________ among them? — Liu Tao does. He’s my hero. A．faster B．fastest C．more slowly D．most slowly 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——他们当中谁跑得最快？——刘涛。他是我的英雄。 考查副词的最高级。faster更快地；fastest最快地；more slowly较慢地；most slowly最慢地。根据“among them”可知，表示三者或以上的比较，应用最高级；根据“He’s my hero.”可知，设空处应表示“最快地”。故选B。 8．—Lucy, who does homework the ________ in your class? —Charlie. So he always gets the highest score in exams. A．most quickly B．most slowly C．most carefully 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——露西，你们班谁做作业最认真？——查理。所以他总是考试得最高分。 考查副词最高级辨析。most quickly最快；most slowly最慢；most carefully最认真。根据“So he always gets the highest score in exams.”可知，应该是Charlie做作业最认真，所以他总是考试得最高分。故选C。 二、单词拼写 9．In fact, it’s (quick) to go there by train than by bus. 【答案】quicker 【详解】句意：事实上，乘火车去那里比乘公共汽车快。根据“than”可知，空处需比较级。quick“快的”的比较级为quicker。故填quicker。 10．“Good, (good), best. Never let it rest.” Xu Yuanchong said to children on TV. 【答案】better 【详解】句意：“好，更好，最好。永远不要让它休息。”徐渊冲在电视上对孩子们说。根据“Good”以及“best”可知这里填入good的比较级better。故填better。 11．In my family, Dad is the strongest, mom is the (slim) and I am the cutest. 【答案】slimmest 【详解】句意：在我的家里，爸爸是最强壮的，妈妈是最苗条的，我是最可爱的。slim“苗条的”，根据“Dad is the strongest, mom is the…and I am the cutest”可知，此处应使用形容词最高级，故填slimmest。 形容词和副词比较级的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 1.用于两者之间的人或物比较，要注意than前后比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物的比较。 I’m quieter and more serious than most kids. You run more quickly than any other student in our class. (any other+可数名词单数) 2.可以修饰比较级的词：much, a little, a lot, even, still, any(多用于问句), a bit, far等，注意不能用very, so, quite, too等修饰 Do you have any more questions? This book is much more interesting than that one. 3. 表示“重几斤，高几厘米，大几岁”等，用“数量词+形容词比较级+than” My friend is five centimeters taller than me. 4. Which do you like better, the apple or the orange? (用于含有两个选项的选择疑问句) 5. He is the taller of the two boys. (在of the two/of the twins等结构中，在比较级前加the) 6. 比较级+and+比较级\more and more+比较级 “越来越…” She is getting heavier and heavier. 7. “the+比较级...，the+比较级...”: “越...就越...” The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will get. 8. 倍数+比较级+than… 是…的几倍 This building is three times taller than that one. 一、单项选择 1．—What should I do, doctor?       —You must eat ________ and do ________ exercise. A．much; little B．more; less C．less; more D．much; less 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我应该怎么办，医生？——你必须少吃，多锻炼。 考查副词和形容词的比较级。much非常；little很少；more更多的；less更少。根据“You must eat …and do …exercise.”可知，医生建议患者少吃东西，多做锻炼，两个空均为比较级，用副词less修饰动词eat；用形容词more修饰名词exercise。故选C。 2．Joe likes eating sweet food very much. He is becoming ________. A．fat and fat B．fatter and fatter C．fat and fatter D．more and more fat 【答案】B 【详解】句意：乔非常喜欢吃甜食。他越来越胖了。 考查比较级的连用。“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”，fat的比较级是fatter。故选B。 3．The conditions in this hotel were terrible. The rooms were bad and the food was even ________. A．bad B．worse C．worst 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这家酒店的条件很糟糕。房间很糟糕，食物更糟糕。 考查比较级。根据“The rooms were bad and the food was even”可知食物更糟糕，even修饰比较级。故选B。 4．—The doctor advised me ________ too much because it’s bad for my health. —That’s right. The less you drink, ________ you will be. A．don’t drink; the healthier B．not to drink; the more healthier C．not to drink; the healthier D．don’t drink; the more healthier 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——医生让我不要喝太多酒，因为这对我的健康有害。——没错，你喝得越少，你就会越健康。 考查非谓语动词及比较级。根据“asked me...too much”可知，此处是ask sb not to do sth“让某人不要做某事”，动词不定式的否定式作宾语补足语；根据“The less you drink, ...you will be.”可知，空二处是the+比较级，the+比较级“越……，越……”，healthy的比较级为healthier。故选C。 5．Tony lives ________ to school than Peter. A．close B．closed C．closer D．the closest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：托尼住得比彼得离学校近。 考查副词比较级。根据“Tony lives …to school than Peter.”可知，此处应用副词比较级closer修饰动词lives。故选C。 6．Josh won a prize in the 200-meter race this year because he trained ________ than before. A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：Josh在今年的200米比赛中获奖，因为他比以前训练得更刻苦。 考查副词比较级。hard努力地；hardly几乎不；harder更努力地；hardest最努力地。根据“than”可知，此处需用副词比较级，故选C。 7．He can draw _________ his teacher. A．as beautiful as B．more beautiful than C．not as beautifully as D．less beautifully than 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他不如他的老师画得漂亮。 考查比较级和副词用法。本句中draw为动词，应用副词来修饰，故可排除A、B两项。再结合C项中not as...as中的否定词not应该放在本句中情态动词can的后面，因此C项也可以排除。故选D。 8．—Which do you like ________ , apples or bananas? —Apples. Because an apple a day keeps the doctor away. A．less B．well C．better D．best 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——苹果和香蕉，你更喜欢哪一个？——苹果。因为每天一个苹果，医生远离我。 考查比较级。less较少地；well好地；better更好；best最好。根据“apples or bananas?”可知，是两者比较，用比较级，且此处表示更喜欢哪种水果，用比较级better。故选C。 9．Though Jack is younger, he writes ________ I do. A．less careful than B．more careful than C．less carefully than D．more carefully than 【答案】D 【详解】句意：虽然杰克年轻，但他写得比我更仔细。 考查副词的比较级。less careful than不如……细心；more careful than比……更细心；less carefully than不如……仔细；more carefully than比……更仔细。根据“Though Jack is younger,”可知，此处是指尽管年轻些，但他写得更仔细，排除A和C；再根据空前“writes”可知，这里应用副词“carefully”修饰动词，排除B。故选D。 二、完成句子 10．越来越多的孩子对人工智能感兴趣。 kids are interested in AI. 【答案】 More and more 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“越来越多的”英文内容，固定表达“more and more”表示“越来越多的”，作定语修饰“kids”，位于句首，首字母大写，故填More；and；more。 11．Larry is less hard-working than Huang Lei in English study. (改为同义句) Huang Lei at English than Larry. 【答案】 works/studies harder 【详解】句意：Larry在英语学习方面不如Huang Lei努力。改为同义句为：Huang Lei在英语学习方面比Larry努力。结合句意以及句中“than”可知应用比较级形式，“学习更加努力”即“work harder”或“study harder” ,结合主语“Huang Lei”第三人称单数，动词变为单三形式。故填works/studies；harder。 12．睡眠少于8小时会让你第二天感到疲劳。 Sleeping eight hours will make you feel tired the next day. 【答案】 less than 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，less than“少于”，固定搭配，是比较级结构，less是little的比较级。故填less；than。 形容词和副词最高级的用法 1.用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较。 She is the smartest of all. She does the work (the) most carefully in the company. My eldest sister is a singer. 2. Which sweater do you like best, the yellow one, the red one or the blue one?(用于含有三个或三个以上选项的选择疑问句中) 3. “the+序数词+最高级+名词单数+范围”： “在...范围内是第几...的” Hainan is the second largest island in China. 4. “one of the +最高级+名词复数”： “最...之一” Obama was one of the most powerful persons in the world. 一、单项选择 1．Water is the cheapest drink. And it’s also ________. A．healthier B．the healthiest C．more expensive D．the most expensive 【答案】B 【详解】句意：水是最便宜的饮料。而且它也是最健康的。 考查形容词的最高级。healthier更健康的，为healthy的比较级；the healthiest最健康的，为healthy的最高级；more expensive更贵的，为expensive的比较级；the most expensive最贵的，为expensive的最高级。根据“Water is the cheapest drink.”可知，此处应用形容词的最高级，表示“水是最健康的”，应用the healthiest。故选B。 2．—I hope to draw as ________ as the famous artist Xu Beihong. —Work hard, and I believe you will be one of the ________ artists in the future. A．good; well B．better; good C．well; best D．well; good 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我希望画得像著名画家徐悲鸿一样好。——努力学习，我相信你将来会成为最好的艺术家之一。 考查形容词和副词。good好的，形容词；well好，副词；better更好的；best最好的。第一空修饰动词draw，用副词，“as+形容词或副词的原级+as”表示“和……一样……”，因此用well；根据“one of the...artists”可知，此处是固定表达“one of the+形容词的最高级+复数名词”，表示“最……的……之一”，因此第二空用best，故选C。 3．I am worried about my son’s diet. He eats ________ vegetables in my family. A．less B．the least C．fewer D．the fewest 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我担心我儿子的饮食。他在我家吃蔬菜最少。 考查形容词辨析和形容词最高级。less更少，修饰不可数名词；the least最少，修饰不可数名词；fewer更少，修饰可数名词复数；the fewest最少，修饰可数名词复数。根据“in my family”可知他吃蔬菜最少，用最高级，修饰可数名词复数，用fewest。故选D。 4．Amy came first in the race. She ran ________ of all the students. A．fast B．faster C．the fastest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：艾米在比赛中得了第一名。她在所有学生中跑得最快。 考查最高级。fast快速；faster更快；fastest最快。根据“of all the students.”可知此处用最高级形式。故选C。 5．Who usually comes to school ________ in your class? A．early B．earliest C．earlier D．the early 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你们班谁通常到得最早？ 考查最高级。early提早，原级；earliest最高级；earlier比较级。根据“in your class”可知，此处是在三者以上进行比较，应用最高级。故选B。 6．You can buy clothes the ________ in Lucy’s Store. A．most cheaply B．more cheaply C．cheaply 【答案】A 【详解】句意：你可以在露西的店里买到最便宜的衣服。 考查副词最高级。most cheaply最便宜地；more cheaply更便宜地；cheaply便宜地。根据空前“the”可知，这里指的是最高级，故选A。 二、单词拼写 7．Hope for the best and prepare for the w . 【答案】(w)orst 【详解】句意：抱最好的希望，做好最坏的打算。空处与“the best”对应，结合首字母“w”可知，形容词最高级worst“最坏的”符合语境。故填(w)orst。 8．I used to be person in my family. I hid behind my older sister, whenever I had to speak to an unfamiliar person. (shy) 【答案】the shyest 【详解】句意：我曾经是家里最害羞的人。每当我不得不和一个不熟悉的人说话时，我就躲在姐姐身后。根据“in my family”可知用形容词最高级，shy的最高级shyest，其前加定冠词the。故填the shyest。 9．—Who jumps (high) in your class? —Lin Tao does. 【答案】highest 【详解】句意：——在你的班中谁跳得最高？——林涛。根据“in your class”可知，此处给出范围，需用副词最高级highest，表示“最高地”。故填highest。 10．He speaks English (badly) in his class. 【答案】worst/the worst 【详解】句意：他的英语在班上说得最差。根据“in his class.”可知，此处用副词最高级修饰动词speaks，badly的最高级为worst，副词的最高级前可加定冠词the，也可不加。故填(the) worst。 11．Ben likes the restaurant next to the park (well). 【答案】best 【详解】句意：本最喜欢公园旁边的餐馆。根据“likes the restaurant next to the park”可知最喜欢公园旁边的餐馆，用最高级best。故填best。 一、阅读理解 Miniaturization (微型化) has been a goal of engineers and designers for a few years. The ever smaller products have included pocket-sized computers and motorbikes which are the size of a backpack. The latest thing is a handbag which can pass through the eye of a needle (针). It has been sold for $63,750 online, according to a post (帖子) made by the company MSCHF on June 14th,2023. “Smaller than a grain of sea salt, this handbag is so small that you’ll need a microscope (显微镜) to see it,” ISCHF wrote in the post. There are big handbags, normal handbags, and small handbags, but this is the final word in bag miniaturization. An object like a handbag is useful, but it becomes smaller and smaller. It is losing its original use until it turns into just a brand. The tiny handbag is 657 by 222 by 700 micrometers and was shown to the public in Paris in June. It was made with high technology which uses 3D printers. MSCHF chose the technology to see how small a handbag they could make. MSCHF’s creative officer Kevin Wiesner was interviewed by The New York Times. “I think the bag is a funny object because it derives from something very functional,” Wiesner said. “But in fact, it has become jewelry (珠宝)”. 1．Why does the first paragraph mention the eye of a needle? A．To explain the handbag’s value. B．To discuss the handbag’s problem. C．To prove how small this handbag is. D．To show how good the handbag looks. 2．What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A．The tiny handbag. B．The microscope. C．The post. D．The technology. 3．According to the passage, MSCHF________. A．is a company that only makes bags B．has made plenty of smaller objects C．thinks miniaturization will be less popular D．used high technology in making the handbag 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Some Useless Objects B．MSCHF’s Creative Officers C．A Handbag Smaller than a Grain of Salt D．The Final Word in Computer Miniaturization 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一款微型手提包，它比盐粒还要小，可以穿过针眼。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段内容，尤其是“The latest thing is a handbag which can pass through the eye of a needle.”可知，最新的微型化产品是一个手提包，它可以穿过针眼。结合常识可推知，第一段提到针眼是为了证明这个手提包有多小。故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据画线词前的“Object like a handbag was useful”可知，手提包曾经是有用的；再根据“it turns into just a brand”可知，随着手提包越变越小，它变成了只是一个品牌。由此可推知，手提包正在失去它最初的用途，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It was made with high technology which uses 3D printers.”可知，这款微型手提包是用高科技制成的，这项技术使用的是3D打印机。由此可知，MSCHF在制作手提包的过程中使用了高科技。故选D。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一款微型手提包，它比盐粒还要小，可以穿过针眼。故C项“比盐粒还小的手提包”最适合作本文的标题。故选C。 二、语法选择 Judie’s class was studying Chinese culture. One day, her teacher went into the classroom 5 some kites. He told them that kites 6 in China more than 2,000 years ago. At the end of the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them. I expect each of you 7 a kite that means something important to you. You will have a 8 understanding of kites than before.” Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 9 first time to make a kite. “What do you think of when your see a kite?” her dad asked. Judie thought for a moment and 10 , “Butterflies.” Judie’s dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite. They made a cross with some wood sticks, 11 then Judie painted a butterfly on a piece of white paper. Next they stuck the paper on the cross. Finally they tied a long tail to the bottom. The next morning, they took 12 kite to the park and tested it. “Wow!” she cried proudly. “ 13 high my butterfly flies!” “Judie, can you tell me 14 butterflies?” asked her dad. Judie replied, “To me, butterflies mean beauty and freedom!” 5．A．to B．in C．with 6．A．invent B．are invented C．were invented 7．A．make B．to make C．making 8．A．good B．better C．the best 9．A．her B．herself C．hers 10．A．answers B．answered C．will answer 11．A．and B．but C．or 12．A．a B．/ C．the 13．A．How B．How a C．What a 14．A．why do you like B．if you like C．why you like 【答案】 5．C 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．A 14．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。Judie的班级正在学习中国文化，老师告诉他们风筝在中国有两千多年的历史，并要求他们每人做一个对自己有重要意义的风筝。 5．句意：一天，她的老师带着一些风筝走进教室。 to朝，向；in在……里；with和，有。根据“some kites”可知，此处表示“带着一些风筝”，用介词with表示伴随。故选C。 6．句意：他告诉他们风筝在中国是两千多年前发明的。 invent发明，动词原形；are invented被发明，一般现在时的被动语态；were invented被发明，一般过去时的被动语态。根据“more than 2,000 years ago”可知，此处用一般过去时，主语kites和动词invent之间是动宾关系，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故选C。 7．句意：我希望你们每个人都能做一个对你们有重要意义的风筝。 make制作，动词原形；to make制作，动词不定式；making制作，动名词或现在分词。根据“I expect each of you…a kite that means something important to you”可知，此处是expect sb to do sth“期望某人做某事”的结构，用动词不定式to make。故选B。 8．句意：你会比以前更了解风筝。 good好的，形容词原级；better更好的，形容词比较级；the best最好的，形容词最高级。根据“than before”可知，此处用形容词比较级better，表示“比以前更了解”。故选B。 9．句意：Judie决定向她的爸爸求助，因为这是她第一次做风筝。 her她，人称代词宾格；herself她自己，反身代词；hers她的，名词性物主代词。根据“first time to make a kite”可知，此处表示“她的第一次”，用形容词性物主代词her修饰名词短语first time。故选A。 10．句意：Judie想了一会儿，回答说：“蝴蝶。” answers回答，三单形式；answered回答，过去式/过去分词；will answer回答，一般将来时。根据“Judie thought for a moment”可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式answered。故选B。 11．句意：他们用一些木棍做了一个十字架，然后Judie在一张白纸上画了一只蝴蝶。 and和，表示并列；but但是，表示转折；or或者，表示选择。根据“They made a cross with some wood sticks”和“then Judie painted a butterfly on a piece of white paper”可知，前后两个句子是顺承关系，用连词and连接。故选A。 12．句意：第二天早上，他们带着风筝去了公园并测试了它。 a一个，不定冠词，表示泛指，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；“/”零冠词；the这个，定冠词，表示特指。根据“they took…kite to the park and tested it”可知，此处特指上文提到的那个风筝，用定冠词the。故选C。 13．句意：“哇！”她自豪地喊道：“我的蝴蝶飞得多高！” How多么，副词，修饰形容词或副词；How a结构错误，how是副词，不能修饰冠词a；What a一个多么，感叹句结构，修饰名词。根据“high my butterfly flies”可知，此处用“how+副词+主语+谓语”的感叹句结构，表示“我的蝴蝶飞得多高”。故选A。 14．句意：“Judie，你能告诉我你为什么喜欢蝴蝶吗？”她的爸爸问。 why do you like你为什么喜欢，疑问句语序；if you like如果你喜欢，条件状语从句；why you like你为什么喜欢，宾语从句。根据“Judie, can you tell me…”可知，此处是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除选项A；根据“Judie replied, ‘To me, butterflies mean beauty and freedom!’”可知，此处询问喜欢蝴蝶的原因，用why引导宾语从句。故选C。 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What Do You Feel Like Watching Today? While some people stick to only 15 kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending 16 how I feel that day. When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies 17 can cheer me up. Comedies like Men in Black or cartoons like Kung Fu Panda have funny dialog and usually have a happy 18 (end). The characters may not be perfect, but they try their best 19 (solve) their problems. After I watch them , my problems suddenly seem less serious and I feel much better again. 20 (laugh) for two hours is a good way to relax! I don’t watch dramas or 21 (documentary) when I’m sad or tired. Dramas like Titanic make me feel even 22 (sad). Documentaries like March of the Penguins which provide plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting, but when I’m tired I don’t want to think too much. I don’t mind action movies like Spider-Man when I’m too tired to think. I can just shut off my brain, sit back and enjoy 23 (watch) an exciting superhero who always saves the world just in time. Once in a while, I like to watch movies that are 24 (scare). They can be fun, but I’m too scared to watch them alone. I always bring a friend who isn’t afraid of these kinds of movies, and it doesn’t feel so scary anymore. 【答案】 15．a/one 16．on 17．that/which 18．ending 19．to solve 20．Laughing 21．documentaries 22．sadder 23．watching 24．scary 【导语】本文讲述了作者根据不同的心情而选择不同种类的电影来观看。 15．句意：虽然有些人只看一种电影，但我喜欢看不同类型的电影，这取决于我那天的感受。根据“While some people stick to only...kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds”可知，此处指的是“一种电影”，此处可以用a/one修饰，故填a/one。 16．句意：虽然有些人只看一种电影，但我喜欢看不同类型的电影，这取决于我那天的感受。根据“depending...how I feel that day.”可知，此处是短语depend on“取决于”，故填on。 17．句意：当我情绪低落或疲惫时，我更喜欢能让我振作起来的电影。此处是定语从句，先行词是“movies”，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用that/which引导定语从句，故填that/which。 18．句意：像《黑衣人》这样的喜剧或像《功夫熊猫》这样的动画片都有有趣的对话，通常都有一个圆满的结局。根据“have a happy...”可知，此处应用名词，表示“结局”，应用ending，空前有a修饰，名词应用单数形式，故填ending。 19．句意：角色可能不完美，但他们尽最大努力解决他们的问题。此处是短语try one’s best to do sth“尽力做某事”，故填to solve。 20．句意：笑两个小时是放松的好方法！空处作主语，应用动名词形式，位于句首的单词首字母要大写，故填Laughing。 21．句意：当我感到悲伤或疲惫时，我不会看电视剧或纪录片。根据“dramas”可知，此处名词也用复数形式，表示泛指，故填documentaries。 22．句意：像《泰坦尼克号》这样的戏剧让我感到更加悲伤。空前有even修饰，此处应用形容词比较级形式，故填sadder。 23．句意：我可以关掉大脑，坐下来欣赏一个总是及时拯救世界的激动人心的超级英雄。enjoy doing sth“感到愉悦和满足地做某事”，故填watching。 24．句意：偶尔，我喜欢看恐怖电影。空处作表语，应用形容词形式，故填scary。 一、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Last Saturday, we went to Grandpa Jack’s house for a family party. As soon as we sat down on the sofa, we took out 1 phones and started playing games. Seeing this, Grandpa Jack decided to tell us stories 2 his childhood. He described 3 he built tree houses and flew kites. “We didn’t have phones to play with at that time. But a Frisbee (飞盘) 4 make us excited for a whole day,” he said. “Let’s make some fun memories,” Grandpa suggested 5 . He went to get a Frisbee and invited us 6 with him outside. At first, we showed little interest 7 we knew nothing about it. But we decided to give it 8 try. It was difficult at the beginning. We kept missing and dropping the Frisbee. However, it became more fun than we thought after we 9 for a while. We ran quickly, laughed loudly and shouted happily with each successful catch. After playing, when we walked back to the house, I felt something warm inside. I realized playing with the family was much 10 than playing on the phone. Grandpa Jack had shown us a different kind of joy, and I knew this was a day I would never forget. 1．A．us B．our C．ours 2．A．about B．with C．through 3．A．what B．who C．how 4．A．could B．must C．should 5．A．cheer B．cheerful C．cheerfully 6．A．play B．to play C．playing 7．A．or B．so C．because 8．A．a B．an C．the 9．A．practise B．practised C．have practised 10．A．interesting B．more interesting C．the most interesting 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了作者去杰克爷爷家和家人一起玩飞盘的经历。 1．句意：我们一坐在沙发上，就拿出手机开始玩游戏。 us我们，宾格；our我们的，形容词性物主代词；ours我们的，名词性物主代词。空后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词修饰。故选B。 2．句意：看到这里，杰克爷爷决定给我们讲他童年的故事。 about关于；with和；through通过。根据“tell us stories...his childhood.”可知，爷爷讲述关于自己童年的故事，故选A。 3．句意：他描述了他如何建造树屋和放风筝。 what什么；who谁；how如何。根据“he built tree houses and flew kites”可知，爷爷描述自己如何建造树屋和放风筝。故选C。 4．句意：但一个飞盘可以让我们兴奋一整天。 could能够；must必须；should应该。根据“But a Frisbee (飞盘)...make us excited for a whole day”可知，爷爷说一个飞盘可以让他们兴奋一整天。故选A。 5．句意：“让我们制造一些有趣的回忆吧，”爷爷高兴地建议道。 cheer欢呼；cheerful高兴的，形容词；cheerfully高兴地，副词。空处修饰动词，应用副词，故选C。 6．句意：他去拿飞盘，邀请我们和他一起出去玩。 play玩，动词原形；to play动词不定式；playing动名词/现在分词。invite sb to do sth“邀请某人做某事”，为固定短语，故选B。 7．句意：起初，我们表现出很少的兴趣，因为我们对它一无所知。 or或者；so所以；because因为。分析句子可知，前后是因果关系，前果后因，故选C。 8．句意：但我们决定试一试。 a用于辅音音素前；an用于元音音素前；the表示特指。此处表示试一试，应用不定冠词，try以辅音音素开头，应用a。故选A。 9．句意：然而，在我们练习了一段时间后，它变得比我们想象的更有趣。 practise练习，动词原形；practised动词过去式；have practised现在完成时。根据“it became more fun”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故选B。 10．句意：我意识到和家人一起玩比玩手机有趣多了。 interesting有趣的；more interesting更有趣的；the most interesting最有趣的。根据“than”可知，应用比较级，故选B。 二、任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容完成下面小题。 Everyone knows that friendships are important. We all need our best friends. Best friends share good times and bad. We tell our close friends our secrets. But what about casual friends? They are the friends we see only sometimes. They are our classmates, the customers at the cafe, or the neighbor walking his dog. When we have a lot of casual friends, it improves our lives in several ways. First, casual friends make us happy. We talk to them at the bus stop or the farm stand. We feel like we are part of a community. Research shows that the more casual friends we have, the more positive we feel. In one study, students felt much happier when they talked to more classmates than usual. These low-key (低调的) friendships become very important as we get older. We have the most friends at age 25, but the number goes down after that. As we get older, we have fewer friendships and can feel alone. But we feel less lonely when we have many casual friends. Second, casual friends connect us to other groups of people. They tell us about fun activities and possible jobs. In fact, people are more likely to get a job through a casual friend than a close friend. Casual friends introduce us to their other friends. They help when we want to know about good restaurants or exciting movies. Research shows that casual friendships are a good way to receive all kinds of information. Finally, casual friends introduce us to a variety of new ideas. Our best friends often think like us, but casual friends may have very different opinions. When we talk to different people, we learn new ways of seeing the world. It makes us kinder and more understanding. To have a better life, make more casual friends. Talk more to strangers. These people can become casual friends. Over time, casual friends can become close friends. And the more friends you have, the happier you’ll be. Casual friends may be the secret to a happy life. 11．What are casual friends? 12．How did students feel when they talked to more classmates than usual? 13．What do we learn when we talk to different people? 14．From the writer’s point of view, what should we do to have a better life? 15．In your opinion, are casual friends the secret to a happy life? Why or why not? 【答案】11．They are the friends we see only sometimes./The friends we see only sometimes. 12．They felt much happier./Much happier. 13．We learn new ways of seeing the world./New ways of seeing the world. 14．We should make more casual friends./Make more casual friends./To have a better life, make more casual friends. 15．Yes. Because they make us feel part of a community, connect us to new opportunities, and introduce us to diverse ideas. 【导语】本文主要讲述了拥有更多的普通朋友可以让我们生活得更美好。 11．根据“But what about casual friends? They are the friends we see only sometimes.”可知，普通朋友是我们只见过几次的朋友。故填They are the friends we see only sometimes./The friends we see only sometimes. 12．根据“In one study, students felt much happier when they talked to more classmates than usual.”可知，与平常相比，当学生与更多的同学交谈时，他们会感到更快乐。故填They felt much happier./Much happier. 13．根据“When we talk to different people, we learn new ways of seeing the world.”可知，当我们与不同的人交谈时，我们学会了看待世界的新方式。故填We learn new ways of seeing the world./New ways of seeing the world. 14．根据“To have a better life, make more casual friends.”可知，为了过上更好的生活，我们应该结交更多的普通朋友。故填We should make more casual friends./Make more casual friends./To have a better life, make more casual friends. 15．本题是开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案为Yes. Because they make us feel part of a community, connect us to new opportunities, and introduce us to diverse ideas. 三、选词填空 阅读短文，用所给的词的填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。(每词限用一次) importance  less  correctly  communication  necessary depend  on  situations  impolite  request   included When you’re abroad, it is of great 16 to know how to ask for help politely. For example, you may ask “Where are the restrooms?” or “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?” These are similar requests for directions. Both are correct, but the first one sounds 17 polite, because it is very direct. It is not enough to ask a question 18 . How to be polite is also 19 when asking for help. Good speakers change the way in different 20 . The expressions they use might 21 whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other. It is okay to ask your classmates direct questions. However, if you say to your teacher, “When is the school trip?”, this might sound 22 . But if you say, “Excuse me, Mr. West. Do you know when the school trip is?”, this will sound much more polite. Usually polite questions are longer. Expressions such as “Could you please...”or “May I ask ...” are 23 . It sounds more polite to say, “Peter, could you please tell me your e-mail address?” than “Peter, tell me your e-mail address.” Sometimes we even need to spend time leading into a 24 . For instance, we might first say to a stranger, “Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me” or “I’m sorry to trouble you, but.” before asking for help. It seems more difficult to speak politely than directly. However, it is important to learn how to use the right language in different situations. This will help you have better 25 with others. 【答案】 16．importance 17．less 18．correctly 19．necessary 20．situations 21．depend on 22．impolite 23．included 24．request 25．communication 【导语】本文介绍了在参观外国国家时，我们应该怎样礼貌地向他人寻求帮助。 16．句意：当你在国外时，知道如何礼貌地寻求帮助是很重要的。根据“it is of great … to know how to ask for help politely”结合备选词可知，此处缺少名词，表示知道如何寻求帮助是很重要的，be of great importance，意为“很重要”。故填importance。 17．句意：两个都是正确的，但是第一个听起来不那么礼貌，因为它太直接了。根据“but the first one sounds … polite, because it is very direct”结合备选词可知，太直接了应表示不那么礼貌，因此应用less“更少地”。故填less。 18．句意：仅仅正确地提出问题是不够的。根据“It is not enough to ask a question … ”结合备选词可知，此处缺少副词，应表示仅仅正确提出问题是不够的，correctly“正确地”，副词修饰动词。故填correctly。 19．句意：在寻求帮助时，如何礼貌也是必要的。根据“How to be polite is also … when asking for help.”结合备选词可知，此处缺少形容词，应表示如何礼貌也是必要的，necessary“必要的”，形容词作表语。故填necessary。 20．句意：好的演讲者在不同的情况下改变方式。根据“Good speakers change the way in different …”结合备选词可知，此处缺少名词，应表示在不同的情况下改变方式，因此用situations“情况”，可数名词复数形式。故填situations。 21．句意：他们使用的表达方式可能取决于他们在和谁说话，或者他们对彼此的了解程度。根据“The expressions they use might … whom they are speaking to”结合备选词可知，此处缺少谓语动词，应表示表达方式取决于他们在和谁说话，因此用depend on“取决于”。故填depend on。 22．句意：然而，如果你对老师说：“学校旅行是什么时候？”，这可能听起来不礼貌。根据“this will sound much more polite”结合备选词可知，此处缺少形容词，应表示听起来不礼貌，impolite“不礼貌的”，形容词作表语。故填impolite。 23．句意：像“你能不能……”或者“我可以问一下……”都包含在内。根据“Usually polite questions are longer. Expressions such as ‘Could you please...’or ‘May I ask ...’ are … .”结合备选词可知，此处应表示这两种表达都包括在礼貌的问题之内，因此用included。故填included。 24．句意：有时我们甚至需要花时间来提出一个请求。根据“we even need to spend time leading into a …”结合备选词可知，此处缺少名词，表示需要花时间来提出一个请求，因此用request“请求”。故填request。 25．句意：这将有助于你更好地与他人沟通。根据“better … with others”结合备选词可知，此处缺少名词形式，应表示与别人更好的交流，因此用communication“交流”，名词作宾语。故填communication。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 比较级和最高级 内容早知道 ☛第一层 巩固提升练 考点一 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的变化 考点二 形容词和副词比较级的用法 考点三 形容词和副词最高级的用法 ☛第二层 能力培优练 ☛第三层 拓展突破练 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的变化 【知识积累·练前热身】 1. 形容词和副词比较级和最高级的规则变化 情况 改法 例词 原级 比较级 最高级 一般单音节和少数双音节 比较级在词尾加-er 最高级在词尾加-est tall, clever taller, cleverer tallest, cleverest 以e结尾的单音节词 比较级在词尾加-r 最高级在词尾加-st late large later larger latest largest 重读闭音节结尾且词末只有一个辅音字母 比较级双写词尾，加-er 最高级双写词尾，加-est big thin bigger thinner biggest thinnest “辅音字母+y”结尾 比较级改y为i, 加-er easy easier easiest 部分双音节和所有多音节词 比较级在词前加more 最高级在词前加most useful beautifully more useful more beautifully most useful most beautifully 2.形容词和副词比较级和最高级的不规则变化 good/well-better-best bad/badly-worse-worst many/much-more-most little-less-least far-farther/further-farthest/furthest old-older/elder-oldest/eldest 一、单项选择 1．Mr. Chen is ________ than anyone I know. It’s hard to see him laugh. A．serious B．more serious C．the most serious 2．Shanghai is a ________ city than Tianjin. A．busily B．busy C．busier D．more busy 3．Yesterday we all went shopping. I had ________ money so I bought ________ things. A．the least; the fewest B．the fewest; the least C．less; fewer D．fewer; less 4．Shanghai is the first ________ famous city in China. It covers an area of 6,340 square kilometres. A．most B．more C．least D．less 5．He runs much ________ than anyone else. A．quickly B．quick C．quickest D．more quickly 6．—Tina won the speaking competition again. —Yes, I think no one can do ________ than her. A．better B．worse C．less 7．— Who runs ________ among them? — Liu Tao does. He’s my hero. A．faster B．fastest C．more slowly D．most slowly 8．—Lucy, who does homework the ________ in your class? —Charlie. So he always gets the highest score in exams. A．most quickly B．most slowly C．most carefully 二、单词拼写 9．In fact, it’s (quick) to go there by train than by bus. 10．“Good, (good), best. Never let it rest.” Xu Yuanchong said to children on TV. 11．In my family, Dad is the strongest, mom is the (slim) and I am the cutest. 形容词和副词比较级的用法 【知识积累·练前热身】 1.用于两者之间的人或物比较，要注意than前后比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物的比较。 I’m quieter and more serious than most kids. You run more quickly than any other student in our class. (any other+可数名词单数) 2.可以修饰比较级的词：much, a little, a lot, even, still, any(多用于问句), a bit, far等，注意不能用very, so, quite, too等修饰 Do you have any more questions? This book is much more interesting than that one. 3. 表示“重几斤，高几厘米，大几岁”等，用“数量词+形容词比较级+than” My friend is five centimeters taller than me. 4. Which do you like better, the apple or the orange? (用于含有两个选项的选择疑问句) 5. He is the taller of the two boys. (在of the two/of the twins等结构中，在比较级前加the) 6. 比较级+and+比较级\more and more+比较级 “越来越…” She is getting heavier and heavier. 7. “the+比较级...，the+比较级...”: “越...就越...” The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will get. 8. 倍数+比较级+than… 是…的几倍 This building is three times taller than that one. 一、单项选择 1．—What should I do, doctor?       —You must eat ________ and do ________ exercise. A．much; little B．more; less C．less; more D．much; less 2．Joe likes eating sweet food very much. He is becoming ________. A．fat and fat B．fatter and fatter C．fat and fatter D．more and more fat 3．The conditions in this hotel were terrible. The rooms were bad and the food was even ________. A．bad B．worse C．worst 4．—The doctor advised me ________ too much because it’s bad for my health. —That’s right. The less you drink, ________ you will be. A．don’t drink; the healthier B．not to drink; the more healthier C．not to drink; the healthier D．don’t drink; the more healthier 5．Tony lives ________ to school than Peter. A．close B．closed C．closer D．the closest 6．Josh won a prize in the 200-meter race this year because he trained ________ than before. A．hard B．hardly C．harder D．hardest 7．He can draw _________ his teacher. A．as beautiful as B．more beautiful than C．not as beautifully as D．less beautifully than 8．—Which do you like ________ , apples or bananas? —Apples. Because an apple a day keeps the doctor away. A．less B．well C．better D．best 9．Though Jack is younger, he writes ________ I do. A．less careful than B．more careful than C．less carefully than D．more carefully than 二、完成句子 10．越来越多的孩子对人工智能感兴趣。 kids are interested in AI. 11．Larry is less hard-working than Huang Lei in English study. (改为同义句) Huang Lei at English than Larry. 12．睡眠少于8小时会让你第二天感到疲劳。 Sleeping eight hours will make you feel tired the next day. 形容词和副词最高级的用法 1.用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较。 She is the smartest of all. She does the work (the) most carefully in the company. My eldest sister is a singer. 2. Which sweater do you like best, the yellow one, the red one or the blue one?(用于含有三个或三个以上选项的选择疑问句中) 3. “the+序数词+最高级+名词单数+范围”： “在...范围内是第几...的” Hainan is the second largest island in China. 4. “one of the +最高级+名词复数”： “最...之一” Obama was one of the most powerful persons in the world. 一、单项选择 1．Water is the cheapest drink. And it’s also ________. A．healthier B．the healthiest C．more expensive D．the most expensive 2．—I hope to draw as ________ as the famous artist Xu Beihong. —Work hard, and I believe you will be one of the ________ artists in the future. A．good; well B．better; good C．well; best D．well; good 3．I am worried about my son’s diet. He eats ________ vegetables in my family. A．less B．the least C．fewer D．the fewest 4．Amy came first in the race. She ran ________ of all the students. A．fast B．faster C．the fastest 5．Who usually comes to school ________ in your class? A．early B．earliest C．earlier D．the early 6．You can buy clothes the ________ in Lucy’s Store. A．most cheaply B．more cheaply C．cheaply 二、单词拼写 7．Hope for the best and prepare for the w . 8．I used to be person in my family. I hid behind my older sister, whenever I had to speak to an unfamiliar person. (shy) 9．—Who jumps (high) in your class? —Lin Tao does. 10．He speaks English (badly) in his class. 11．Ben likes the restaurant next to the park (well). 一、阅读理解 Miniaturization (微型化) has been a goal of engineers and designers for a few years. The ever smaller products have included pocket-sized computers and motorbikes which are the size of a backpack. The latest thing is a handbag which can pass through the eye of a needle (针). It has been sold for $63,750 online, according to a post (帖子) made by the company MSCHF on June 14th,2023. “Smaller than a grain of sea salt, this handbag is so small that you’ll need a microscope (显微镜) to see it,” ISCHF wrote in the post. There are big handbags, normal handbags, and small handbags, but this is the final word in bag miniaturization. An object like a handbag is useful, but it becomes smaller and smaller. It is losing its original use until it turns into just a brand. The tiny handbag is 657 by 222 by 700 micrometers and was shown to the public in Paris in June. It was made with high technology which uses 3D printers. MSCHF chose the technology to see how small a handbag they could make. MSCHF’s creative officer Kevin Wiesner was interviewed by The New York Times. “I think the bag is a funny object because it derives from something very functional,” Wiesner said. “But in fact, it has become jewelry (珠宝)”. 1．Why does the first paragraph mention the eye of a needle? A．To explain the handbag’s value. B．To discuss the handbag’s problem. C．To prove how small this handbag is. D．To show how good the handbag looks. 2．What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A．The tiny handbag. B．The microscope. C．The post. D．The technology. 3．According to the passage, MSCHF________. A．is a company that only makes bags B．has made plenty of smaller objects C．thinks miniaturization will be less popular D．used high technology in making the handbag 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．Some Useless Objects B．MSCHF’s Creative Officers C．A Handbag Smaller than a Grain of Salt D．The Final Word in Computer Miniaturization 二、语法选择 Judie’s class was studying Chinese culture. One day, her teacher went into the classroom 5 some kites. He told them that kites 6 in China more than 2,000 years ago. At the end of the class, he said, “The Chinese make kites that mean something important to them. I expect each of you 7 a kite that means something important to you. You will have a 8 understanding of kites than before.” Judie decided to ask her dad for help as it was 9 first time to make a kite. “What do you think of when your see a kite?” her dad asked. Judie thought for a moment and 10 , “Butterflies.” Judie’s dad agreed that it would be a good idea to make a butterfly kite. They made a cross with some wood sticks, 11 then Judie painted a butterfly on a piece of white paper. Next they stuck the paper on the cross. Finally they tied a long tail to the bottom. The next morning, they took 12 kite to the park and tested it. “Wow!” she cried proudly. “ 13 high my butterfly flies!” “Judie, can you tell me 14 butterflies?” asked her dad. Judie replied, “To me, butterflies mean beauty and freedom!” 5．A．to B．in C．with 6．A．invent B．are invented C．were invented 7．A．make B．to make C．making 8．A．good B．better C．the best 9．A．her B．herself C．hers 10．A．answers B．answered C．will answer 11．A．and B．but C．or 12．A．a B．/ C．the 13．A．How B．How a C．What a 14．A．why do you like B．if you like C．why you like 三、短文填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 What Do You Feel Like Watching Today? While some people stick to only 15 kind of movie, I like to watch different kinds depending 16 how I feel that day. When I’m down or tired, I prefer movies 17 can cheer me up. Comedies like Men in Black or cartoons like Kung Fu Panda have funny dialog and usually have a happy 18 (end). The characters may not be perfect, but they try their best 19 (solve) their problems. After I watch them , my problems suddenly seem less serious and I feel much better again. 20 (laugh) for two hours is a good way to relax! I don’t watch dramas or 21 (documentary) when I’m sad or tired. Dramas like Titanic make me feel even 22 (sad). Documentaries like March of the Penguins which provide plenty of information about a certain subject can be interesting, but when I’m tired I don’t want to think too much. I don’t mind action movies like Spider-Man when I’m too tired to think. I can just shut off my brain, sit back and enjoy 23 (watch) an exciting superhero who always saves the world just in time. Once in a while, I like to watch movies that are 24 (scare). They can be fun, but I’m too scared to watch them alone. I always bring a friend who isn’t afraid of these kinds of movies, and it doesn’t feel so scary anymore. 一、语法选择 通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后按照句子结构的语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每题所给的三个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Last Saturday, we went to Grandpa Jack’s house for a family party. As soon as we sat down on the sofa, we took out 1 phones and started playing games. Seeing this, Grandpa Jack decided to tell us stories 2 his childhood. He described 3 he built tree houses and flew kites. “We didn’t have phones to play with at that time. But a Frisbee (飞盘) 4 make us excited for a whole day,” he said. “Let’s make some fun memories,” Grandpa suggested 5 . He went to get a Frisbee and invited us 6 with him outside. At first, we showed little interest 7 we knew nothing about it. But we decided to give it 8 try. It was difficult at the beginning. We kept missing and dropping the Frisbee. However, it became more fun than we thought after we 9 for a while. We ran quickly, laughed loudly and shouted happily with each successful catch. After playing, when we walked back to the house, I felt something warm inside. I realized playing with the family was much 10 than playing on the phone. Grandpa Jack had shown us a different kind of joy, and I knew this was a day I would never forget. 1．A．us B．our C．ours 2．A．about B．with C．through 3．A．what B．who C．how 4．A．could B．must C．should 5．A．cheer B．cheerful C．cheerfully 6．A．play B．to play C．playing 7．A．or B．so C．because 8．A．a B．an C．the 9．A．practise B．practised C．have practised 10．A．interesting B．more interesting C．the most interesting 二、任务型阅读 阅读短文，根据短文内容完成下面小题。 Everyone knows that friendships are important. We all need our best friends. Best friends share good times and bad. We tell our close friends our secrets. But what about casual friends? They are the friends we see only sometimes. They are our classmates, the customers at the cafe, or the neighbor walking his dog. When we have a lot of casual friends, it improves our lives in several ways. First, casual friends make us happy. We talk to them at the bus stop or the farm stand. We feel like we are part of a community. Research shows that the more casual friends we have, the more positive we feel. In one study, students felt much happier when they talked to more classmates than usual. These low-key (低调的) friendships become very important as we get older. We have the most friends at age 25, but the number goes down after that. As we get older, we have fewer friendships and can feel alone. But we feel less lonely when we have many casual friends. Second, casual friends connect us to other groups of people. They tell us about fun activities and possible jobs. In fact, people are more likely to get a job through a casual friend than a close friend. Casual friends introduce us to their other friends. They help when we want to know about good restaurants or exciting movies. Research shows that casual friendships are a good way to receive all kinds of information. Finally, casual friends introduce us to a variety of new ideas. Our best friends often think like us, but casual friends may have very different opinions. When we talk to different people, we learn new ways of seeing the world. It makes us kinder and more understanding. To have a better life, make more casual friends. Talk more to strangers. These people can become casual friends. Over time, casual friends can become close friends. And the more friends you have, the happier you’ll be. Casual friends may be the secret to a happy life. 11．What are casual friends? 12．How did students feel when they talked to more classmates than usual? 13．What do we learn when we talk to different people? 14．From the writer’s point of view, what should we do to have a better life? 15．In your opinion, are casual friends the secret to a happy life? Why or why not? 三、选词填空 阅读短文，用所给的词的填空，使文章通顺、连贯、合理。(每词限用一次) importance  less  correctly  communication  necessary depend  on  situations  impolite  request   included When you’re abroad, it is of great 16 to know how to ask for help politely. For example, you may ask “Where are the restrooms?” or “Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?” These are similar requests for directions. Both are correct, but the first one sounds 17 polite, because it is very direct. It is not enough to ask a question 18 . How to be polite is also 19 when asking for help. Good speakers change the way in different 20 . The expressions they use might 21 whom they are speaking to or how well they know each other. It is okay to ask your classmates direct questions. However, if you say to your teacher, “When is the school trip?”, this might sound 22 . But if you say, “Excuse me, Mr. West. Do you know when the school trip is?”, this will sound much more polite. Usually polite questions are longer. Expressions such as “Could you please...”or “May I ask ...” are 23 . It sounds more polite to say, “Peter, could you please tell me your e-mail address?” than “Peter, tell me your e-mail address.” Sometimes we even need to spend time leading into a 24 . For instance, we might first say to a stranger, “Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me” or “I’m sorry to trouble you, but.” before asking for help. It seems more difficult to speak politely than directly. However, it is important to learn how to use the right language in different situations. This will help you have better 25 with others. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！34 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$