Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected. 单元语法：过去完成时，宾语从句（精讲课件）-2024-2025学年九年级英语全一册单元语法精讲精练（人教版）

Unit12 Life is full of the unexpected. . 人教版初中英语语法 九年级全一册 1 人教版 九年级全一册（单元） 语法点 Unit 1. How can we become good learners? * 方式介词 by, with, in Unit 2 . I think that moon cakes are delicious! * that/ if/ whether引导的宾语从句 * 感叹句 Unit 3. Could you please tell me where the restrooms are？ * 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 * 情态动词 Unit 4. I used to be afraid of the dark.  * used to用法 *现在时 VS过去时 Unit 5. What are the shirts made of?  *一般现在时的被动语态 Unit 6. When was it invented? *一般过去时的被动语态 Unit 7. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes * 含有情态动词的被动语态 Unit 8. It must belong to Carla * 情态动词表推测 （can could should might must) Unit 9. I like music that I can dance to * 定语从句 Unit 10. You are supposed to shake hands. *be supposed to * if条件句 *时间状语从句 Unit 11. Sad movies make me cry * make的使役用法 Unit 12. Life is full of the unexpected * 过去完成时 * 宾语从句 Unit 13. We are trying to save the earth! * 现在进行时 *现在完成时 *被动语态 Unit 14. I remember meeting all of you in Grade 7 * 一般现在时 *一般过去时 *一般将来时 2 CONTENTS 过去完成时 Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected 宾语从句 3 过去完成时 4 过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作。 过去已经完成 或持续到将来 过去 现在 1. 过去完成时是发生在过去的一个时间段里。 2. 动作一定是过去某个时间前已经完成了的。 将来 常与过去完成时连用的时间状语有by、before、since等。 这些词通常与过去的时间点连用， by eight o’clock last night 昨天晚上八点前 before last Monday( week, year) 上周一以前（星期，年） since 2000 自2000年起 过去完成时的时间标志 过去完成时的构成 肯定句：主语 + had + 动词的过去分词 + 其他成分。 By the time I got up, the bus had already left. When I arrived at the station, the train had already left. I had learned two hundred English words by the end of last term. They said they had sketched out their work plan. She found the key that she had lost. He said that he had known her well. 7 过去完成时的构成 否定句：主语 + had+ not + 动词的过去分词 + 其他成分。 At that time we hadn’t met her. 那时我们还没有见到她。 The country had not yet recovered from the effects of the war. 这个国家尚未从战争的影响下复原。 By the end of last month, we had not reviewed four books. 到上个月底为止，我们还没有阅读四本书。 过去完成时的构成 一般疑问句：Had+ 主语 + 动词的现在分词 + 其他成分？ ‌Had she told you to get up early yesterday?‌ 她昨天告诉过你早点儿起床了吗？‌ Yes, she had.‌ 是的，他告诉了。 No, she hadn‘t.‌ 不，她没有‌。 Had you finished your homework when you watched TV? 你看电视前已经完成作业了吗？ Yes, I had.‌ 是的，我完成了。 No, I hadn‘t.‌ 不，我没有‌。 过去进行时的构成 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 + had+一般疑问句 + 其他成分？ What were you doing at eight o'clock last night? 昨晚八点你正在做什么? I was reading a book at that time. 我那个时候在读书。 Where were you when the accident happened? 事故发生时你在哪里? I was at home at the moment. 我那时候在家呆着呢。 过去完成时的用法 (1)表示在过去之前已经发生的动作，一般需有过去的某一时间作参照。 When I called her, she had gone out for a walk. 我给她打电话时，她已经出去散步了。 更早的过去 过去 现在 将来 过去时间参照点 she had gone out for a walk By the time I got to the cinema, all the tickets had been sold out. 我到电影院时，所有的票都卖完了。 When Tim get back home, he started to realize that the thief had come to his house. 当蒂姆回到家时，他开始意识到小偷已经来过他家了。 注意：要有过去时间参照点 过去进行完成时的用法 (2)表示从过去某个时间开始一直持续到过去另一个时间的动作或状态。 She had learned Cheese for six years before she moved to China. 她移居中国之前已经学了6年汉语了。 更早的过去 过去 现在 将来 She moved to China She had learned Chinese for six years She began to learn Chinese 过去进行完成时的用法 (3)表示在过去某一段时间内一直在进行的动作。 昨晚我一直在玩儿电脑游戏。 ‌I was playing computer game at home last night.‌ 过去 last night today 现在 将来 (4)表示“意愿、打算”的动词如 hope, mean, want, think, expect, plan, intend等的过去完成时表示“原本想……(但事实上并没有完成)”之意。 we had expected much lower prices. 我们原以为价格会低得多。 He had intended to come home today. 他本打算今天回家的。 宾语从句 16 在句中起宾语作用的从句称为宾语从句，宾语从句通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）或介词之后，包括动词的宾语从句、介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。 宾语从句 三要素 引导词（连接词） 语 序 时 态 She asked if these answers were right. 引导词（连接词）- if 语序：陈述句语序 时态：主句过去时，从句过去时 宾语从句的连接词有从属连词 that, whether, if;连接代词 who, whom, whose, which, what 等;连接副词 when, where, why, how 等。 1.由从属连词 that 引导的宾语从句 that 引导的从句表示陈述一件事实，主句谓语动词表示确定，不疑问；that在句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，常省略。 I don't think ( that ) there will be time to do it. 我认为没有时间做这件事了。 Many people believe (that) robots will do most our work. 许多人相信机器人会做我们的大部分工作。 that 可省略 20 2.由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句 whether/if引导的从句大多由一般疑问句作直接引语变化而来， 常放在 ask, care, wonder, find out等后引导从句。 whether/ if 在从句中不作成分，但含有“是否”之义，在句中不可省略。 ‌I wonder if / whether I can get some advice from you.‌ 我想知道你是否能给我一些建议。 ‌Ask him whether / if he can come.‌ 问问他是否能来。 可用 whether/ if 的情况 主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问代词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。 Do you know who will come this afternoon? 你知道今天下午谁要来吗? I don't know whom you should depend on. 我不知道你该依靠谁。 I don't know what it is.我不知道那是什么。 Could you tell me which gate we have to go to?能告诉我我们得走哪个门吗? 3. 由连接代词: Who, whom, whose, which, what 作主语 作宾语 作表语 作定语 22 主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。 He didn't tell me when the traffic accident had taken place. Please tell me where he is. Could you please tell me how I can read the new word? I will tell you why I am angry with him. 4. 连接副词引导的宾语从句: where, how, why, when 作时间状语 作地点状语 作方式状语 作原因状语 23 宾语从句的时态 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或者祈使句时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。 1 — Do you know how Amy came to school this morning? 你知道今早艾米是怎么来上学的吗? 一般现在时 一般过去时 24 如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时） 2 The policewoman asked the little boy where he lived. 这个女警询问小男孩住在哪里。 一般过去时 一般过去时 25 He told me the earth moves around the sun. Mr. Li told me the sun rises in the east. 3 当宾语从句表达客观事实或规律时，其时态应用一般现在时。 一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般现在时 26 课本练一练 1. 主句过去时，从句过去时 2. 主句过去完成时，从句过去时 3. 主句过去完成时，从句过去时 4. 主句过去将来时，从句过去时 5. 主句过去时，从句过去进行时 27 课本练一练 The coffee had become cold before I put cream in it. By the time I got to school, the teacher had collected the math homework. I had completed the work for my boss before the workday ended. By the time I arrived at the cinema, the movie had started. By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had finished making the  apple pie. 28 课本练一练 had shown up had forgotten had found out rushed out had gone into arrived at 29 拓展练一练 C 1．Problem-Based Learning suggests _______ students try to be the drivers of their learning process. A．if B．which C．that 2．Our parents hope ________ all our lives. A．us to be happy and healthy B．us to be happily and healthily C．we will be happy and healthy D．we will be happily and healthily 3．—Excuse me, could you please tell me________? —Sure. Take Subway Line 2 or 3 to get there. A．where Chunxi Road is B．if Chunxi Road is nearby C．how I can get to Chunxi Road 4．—Excuse me, I am new in Chengdu. Could you please tell me ________? —Sure. Walk along Jiannan Avenue for about 15 minutes. You will see it on your right. A．how I can get to Dayuan Central Park B．when Dayuan Central Park is open C．why there are so many people in Dayuan Central Park every holiday C A C 30 5．—I hope everyone _______ our English Club. —Yes, me too. A．to come to B．come to C．can come to D．to come 6．Joan wants to be a famous player. She works hard and hopes her dream ________. A．come true B．comes true C．coming true D．to come true 7．—I will go on a trip to Suzhou tomorrow. —Oh, I hope you ________ a good trip. A．to have B．can have C．has D．having 8．—I wondered ________ Bob was excited all morning. —That was because his class won the basketball game. A．if B．why C．whether 9．I want to write to John, but I don’t know ________. A．what his e-mail address was B．what is his e-mail address C．what his e-mail address is C B B C C 31 10．—I wonder ________ August is a good time to visit Mount Siguniang. — If you go there at that time you may spend many rainy days. A．that B．why C．whether 11．—I’m not sure if she ________ tomorrow. —Don’t worry. I think if she ________, she will give you a call. A．will come; will come B．will come; comes C．comes; comes 12．Our teacher told us that the earth ________ from west to east. A．turns B．turn C．has turned D．had turned 13．—What did the manager say after the meeting?    —She asked me ________. A．how did I deal with the problem B．if can I finish the work on time C．what I do for the yesterday’s project D．why I was late for the meeting C B A D 32 14．By the time I got the note from Tom, I ________ him for what he said to me. A．forgive B．will forgive C．had forgiven D．have forgiven 15．—Why didn’t you watch the movie Full River Red by Zhang Yimou with your friend last night? —Because I ________ it. A．have seen B．saw C．will see D．had seen 16．Before I met Julie’s uncle at the restaurant yesterday afternoon, I ________ him. A．have never seen B．had never seen C．will never see D．never see 17．Jason __________ Chinese in Wuhan for a year before the HSK test and passed it. A．will learn B．learns C．had learned D．learned 18．It’s bad luck today! By the time I got to the train station, the train ________ for ten minutes. A．has been away B．will be away C．had been away C D B C C 33 THE END 34 $$