Unit 5 Into the Wild Using language 定语从句的基本概念+引导词 导学案-2024-2025学年高一上学期英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

定语从句 一 基本概念 1 定语：修饰________或_________ 1）定语从句：用来修饰、限定_______或_______的品质或特征的，汉语常译为__________.（如果定语由一个___________变成一个____________,那么这就是定语从句） 2)________:被定语修饰的名词或代词。 3）________的作用：（1）引导定语从句；（2）代替先行词在从句中的位置 （3）在从句中作一个成分 4）关系词包括：_________________( )和________________________（ ） 5）分类：_______________________和___________________ 6）结构:____________________________________________________ 二 练习 勾画出定语从句，并判断关系代词在从句中做什么成分。 The boys who are planting trees on the hill are middle school students. Have you seen the books that he bought yesterday? The student whom we visited yesterday is a famous artist. He likes to use the dictionary which was published in 1986. He lives in the room whose windows face south. 三 关系代词的选用：一看指代，二看成分 先行词 关系词在定语从句中的成分 关系词 人 主 人 宾 物 主 物 宾 人/物 定 四 关系代词练习 Lucy is my friend _________ has a hearing problem. When she first came to my school, she seemed lonely, but we soon became friends. At first it was difficult to communicate with her. So I learnt a new language_____________allows me to “speak” with my hands. Lucy is a smart girl __________ ideas are always inspiring. I sometimes have problems_________________I can’t solve.When this happens, I always ask Lucy for help. Lucy is a good listener ___________________________I enjoy sharing moments of my life with. 五 用that的情况不用which 1. 先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词或形容词最高级时。 2. 先行词是all，everything，anything，nothing，something，little，much，none，few，the one等不定代词时。 3.先行词被all，any，few，every，no，little，much，some，the only, the last, the very等修饰时。 4 .当先行词既包含人，又包含物时； 六 用which不用that的情况: ①引导非限制性定语从句(前有逗号)时。(人: who; 物: which) ② 当关系词前面有介词时(人: whom; 物: which)； ③先行词本身是that时。 Practice 1. Finally, the thief handed everything________________ he had stolen. 2. This is the best book_________________ I’ve ever read. 3. The only thing __________________ matters is to find our way home. 4. We talked about the things and persons _________________ we saw then. 5. She heard a terrible noise, ________________ brought her heart into her mouth. 6. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most of________ hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. Homework 1.Kim Cobb，a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta，is one of a small but growing minority of academics（学者） _________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.(2022·浙江1月) 2.On the 1,100-kilometer journey，the man Cao Shengkang，_________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident，crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.(2022·全国甲) 3.The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species _____ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.(2022·新高考全国Ⅰ) 4.When you sleep，your brain sorts through everything _____happened during the day，trying to link new experiences to old memories. (2021·北京) 5.Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe，China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ______ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.(2020·全国Ⅰ) 6.In ancient China lived an artist______ paintings were almost lifelike.(2020·全国Ⅲ) 7.The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane，for example， formed the core collection of the British Museum______ opened in 1759. 8.The students benefiting most from college are those________are totally engaged(参与) in academic life，taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources(资源).(2019·北京) 关系副词=______________ 关系副词：_____________________________,在从句中作状语 1.where指_____________，在定语从句中做______________状语， 1) Shanghai is the city ____________ I was born. => Shanghai is the city in whichI was born. 2. when引导定语从句表示___________,在定语从句中做______________状语， 1)I still remember the day ____________ I first came to the school. =>I still remember the day at which I first came to the school. 3 .why指原因,在限制性定语从句中做____________状语,先行词只能 是_______________。可以和__________________互换。 1)Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. => Please tell me the reason for which you missed the plane. 2)I don't know the reason why he looks unhappy today. => I don't know the reason for which he looks unhappy today. 小结： Where 表示地点的名词(place/spot/city/point/stage/condition/position)且在从句中作___________, 一般可用 in/on/at which 等代替；若先行词是地点，从句缺少主语和宾语，则用________________ When 表示时间的名词且在从句中作___________，一般可用 in/on/at/during which 等代替;若先行词是时间(time/day/morning)，从句缺少主语和宾语，则用________________ Why 表示原因的名词(reason)且在从句中作___________，一般可用 for which 等代替;若先行词是时间，从句缺少主语和宾语，则用________________ Practice 1.This is the town_____________ I spent my childhood. 2.This is the town______________ I told you before. 3.I will never the time ________I spent on campus. 4. I will never forget the day __________we first met in the park. 5.0ctober 1,1949 is the day __________ PRC was founded 6.Is that the reason __________you are for the plan. 7.The old temple__________roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. 8. Life is like a long race__________we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. 9.As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time__________ he should be able to be independent. 10.Is this the reason _________he explained at the meeting for his careless in his work. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$